It was heresies, and persecutions, including the beautiful
again published at Venice, in Armenian, Greek, stories of the martyrs at Lyons and Vienne, and
and Latin, by J.
again published at Venice, in Armenian, Greek, stories of the martyrs at Lyons and Vienne, and
and Latin, by J.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
ii.
7.
$ 7.
) According to a tradition in and everything perishable must be separated from
Athenaeus (zi. p. 461) he put them to death be our conception of His nature. But with regard to
cause they had demanded a tribute from the Euboe- all his earlier statements of doctrine, we musi re
According to the Homeric poems, on the member that till Arius's opinions, with their full
other hand, Eurytus was killed by Apollo whom bearings and consequences, were generally known,
he presumed to rival in using the bow. (Od. viii. it was very possible for a person to use language
226. ) The remains of the body of Eurytus were apparently somewhat farourable to them, quite
believed to be preserved in the Carnasian grove ; unintentionally, since the true faith on the subject
and in the Messenian Oechalia sacrifices were of- of our Lord's divinity had not yet been couched
fered to him every year. (Paus. iv. 3. $ 6, 27. & in certain formulae, of which ihe use after the
4, 33. & 5. )
controversy was mooted, became as it were the
2. A son of Actor and Molione of Elis. (Hom. test of a man's opinions ; nor had general attention
II. ii. 621 ; A pollod. ii. 7. & 2 ; Paus. ii. 15. 91; been called to the results of differences apparently
Eurip. Iph. Aul. 270. ) (MOLIONES. )
trifling. Eusebius's views on the subject seem to
3. A son of Hermes and Antianeira, and bro- have been based on those of Origen, though in-
ther of Echion, was one of the Argonauts. (Apol- deed he deprecated the discussion of the question
lod. i. 9. § 16 ; Hygin. Fab. 14, 160 ; Val. Flacc. as above human comprehension, recommending
i. 439. )
He is sometimes also called Erytus. men to be satisfied with the scriptural declaration,
(Pind. Pyth. iv. 179; Apollon. Rhod. i. 51; “ So God loved the world, that he gave His only
Orph. Arg. 133. ) There are two more mythical begotten Son, that whosoever believeth on Him
personages of this name. (Apollod. iii. 10, 65, i. should not perish, but have everlasting life ;"
6. $ 2. )
(L. S. )
“pot," as he argues, “whosoever knows how He
EU'RYTUS(EŬputos), an eminent Pythagorean is generated from the Father. " But in the Eccle-
philosopher, whom lamblichus in one passage (de siastica Theologia (after the rise of Arianism) he
Vit. Pyth. 28) describes as a native of Croton, declares (i. 8, ix. 5) against those who reckon
while in another (ilid. 36) he enumerates him Christ among the ktiouata, asserting God to be
among the Tarentine Pythagoreans. He was a the Father of Christ, but the Creator of all other
disciple of Philolaus, and Diogenes Laërtius (iii 6, beings. Again: in the Ecclesiastical History (x.
viii. 46) mentions him among the teachers of Plato, 4) he calls Him avrodeós, and in other places uses
though this statement is very doubtful. It is un- language which proves him to have fully believed
certain whether Eurytus was the author of any in His divinity. He was, however, of course dis-
work, unless we suppose that the fragment in posed to regard Arius with mildness, and wrote to
Stobaeus (Phys. Ed. i. p. 210), which is there Alexander, bishop of Alexandria, in his defence ;
ascribed to one Eurytus, belongs to our Eurytus. arguing that though Arius had called Christ Krioua
(Ritter, Gesch. der Pythag. Plulos. p. 64, &c. ) [L. S. ] Deoù rénerov, he had added an oux as ēv tüy
EUSEBIUS (Evo éBios) of Caesarela, the KTIOUÁTwy. Thus he took his seat at the council
father of ecclesiastical history, took the surname of of Nicaea not indeed as a partizan of Arius, but
Pamphili, to commemorate his devoted friendship as anxious to shield him from censure for opinions
for Pamphilus, bishop of Caesareia. He was born whose importance, either for good or evil, he con-
in Palestine about A. D. 264, towards the end of sidered exaggerated. He accordingly appeared
the reign of the Emperor Gallienus. He spent his there as head of the moderate section of the
youth in incessant study, and probably held some council, and drew up a creed which he hoped
offices in the church of Caesareia. In A. D. 303, would satisfy both the extreme parties, of which
Diocletian's edict was issued, and the persecution the Arian was favoured by Eusebius, bishop of
of the Christians began, Pamphilus was impri- Nicomedia, and Theognis of Nicaea ; while their
soned in 307, and was most affectionately at- opponents were led by Alexander, whose deacon
tended on by Eusebius for two years, at the end Athanasius, afterwards so famous, accompanied
of which time he suffered martyrdom, and Euse him to the council, and rendered him great ser-
bius fled to Tyre, where he was kindly received vice. This formula, which is to be found in So-
by the bishop Paulinus; but afterwards he re- crates (Hist. Eccl. i. 5), chiefly differs from the
moved to Egypt
, and was imprisoned there in the Nicene Creed in containing the expression apwtó
course of the persecution. After his release he TOKOS Traons ktíoews (from Col. i. 15) instead of the
returned to Caesareia, and succeeded Agapius as declaration that Christ is of the same substance with
bishop of that see about 315. He was summoned the Father, expressed in the adjective óuocúolov;
to the council of Nicaea in 327, and was there ap- and the phrase " Very God of Very God," is not
pointed to receive Constantine with a panegyrical found in it after “ God of God, Light of Light. "
oration, and to sit on his right hand. The course This creed was accepted by Arius; but Alexander
of events now made it necessary for him to form a insisted on the addition of ouoouoios, to which Coir-
## p. 115 (#131) ############################################
Bagh
Des
His for
60
tirz E:
3 LOT
EUSEBIUS.
EUSEBIUS.
113
stantine himself was favourable, and a majority of like others, should be willing to overlook his
the council decreed its insertion. Eusebius at first faults, and regard him as an especial favourite of
hesitated to sign it, but afterwards did so; because, Heaven. As to the charge of dishonesty, though
as he told the people of Cacsareia in a pastoral letter we could neither expect nor wish a Christian to
explanatory of the proceedings at the council (So be impartial in Gibbon's sense, yet Eusebius has
crat i. 5), the emperor had assured him that by certainly avowed (H. E. viii. 2), that he omits
the phrase need only be understood an assertion almost all account of the wickedness and dissensions
that the Son of God is wholly different from every of the Christians, from thinking such stories less
created being; and that as His nature is entirely edifying than those which display the excellence of
spiritual, He was not born from the Father by religion, by reflecting honour upon the martyrs.
any division, or separation, or other corporeal pro- The fact that he avows this principle, at once di-
cess. Eusebius, however, always retained his mild minishes our confidence in him as an historian and
feelings on this subject; for he wished to reinstate acquits him of the charge of intentional deceit,
Arius in his church, in opposition to Athanasius, to which he would otherwise have been exposed.
and he was intimate with his namesake, the But besides this, Eusebius has written a chapter
bishop of Nicomedeia, a decided Arian. Eusebius (Proep. Evang. xii
. 31) bearing the monstrous
had a very strong feeling against pictures of our title, —" How far it may be lawful and fitting to
Lord, and other novelties, which were then creep- use falschood as a medicine for the advantage of
ing into the Church. When Constantia, the those who require such a method. ” Now at first
widow of Licinius and sister of Constantine, re- sight this naturally raises in our minds a strong
quested him to send her such a picture, he re- prejudice against a person who, being a Christian
fused, and pronounced all such representations in profession, could suppose that the use of false-
worthy only of heathenism. (Vit. Const. 1. 3. p. hood can ever be justified; and no doubt the
1069. ) These pictures he destroyed when they thought was suggested by the pious frauds which
came in his way, considering them inconsistent are the shame of the early Church. But when
with 2 Cor. v. 10 (“ Though we have known we read the chapter itself, we find that the in-
Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth knowstances which Eusebius takes of the extent to
we Him no more"); and he greatly objected (Hist. which the principle may be carried are the cases
Ecd. vii. 18) to a practice prevalent at Caesareia in which God is described in the Old Testament
of offering up figures of Christ as an act of thanks as liable to human affections, as jealousy or anger,
giving for recovery from sickness. It cannot be which is done for the advantage of those who
denied that in some of his objections to pictures of require such a method. ” From this explanation
our Lord, he appears to overlook the practical im- it would appear that Eusebius may have meant
portance of His Incarnation to our Christian life. nothing more than the principle of accommodating
Eusebius remained in favour with the imperial fa- the degree of enlightenment granted from time to
mily till his death. He was offered the see of time to the knowledge and moral state of man-
Antioch on the death of Eustathius, but declined kind; and his only error consists in giving the
it, considering the practice of translations objec odious name of falsehood to what is practically the
tionable, and, indeed, contrary to one of the canons most real truth. (See Amold, Essay appended to
agreed upon at the recent council of Nicaea. For Sermons, vol. ii. )
this moderation he was exceedingly praised by The principal works of Eusebius are as follows:--
Constantine, who declared that he was universally 1. The Chronicon (xpovind FavTodarîs loroplas), a
considered worthy to be the bishop not of one city work of great value to us in the study of ancient
only, but almost of the whole world. (Socrat. history. For some time it was only known in a
H. E. i. 18. ) He died about A. D. 340; so that fragmentary state, but was discovered entire in an
his birth, his elevation to high office, and his Armenian MS. version at Constantinople, and pub-
death, nearly coincide in time with those of his lished by Mai and Zohrab at Milan, in 1818. It
imperial patron.
is in two books. The first, entitled Xpovoypapia,
The character of Eusebius, and his honesty as contains a sketch of the history of several ancient
a writer, have been made the subject of a fierce nations, as the Chaldaeans, Assyrians, Medes, Per-
attack by Gibbon, who (Decline and Fall, c. xvi. ) sians, Lydians, Hebrews, and Egyptians. It is
accuses him of relating whatever might redound to chiefly taken from the Tertaßißacov Xpovodoy còv
the credit, and suppressing whatever would tend of Africanus (AFRICANUS, Sex. JULIUS], and gives
to cast reproach on Christianity, and represents lists of kings and other magistrates, with short ac-
him as little better than a dishonest sycophant, counts of remarkable events from the creation to
anxious for nothing higher than the favour of the time of Eusebius. The second book consists
Constantine ; and resumes the subject in his of synchronological tables, with similar catalogues
"Vindication” of the fifteenth and sixteenth chap- of rulers and striking occurrences, from the time
ters of the history. For the charge of sycophancy of Abraham to the celebration of Constantine's
there is but little foundation. The joy of the Vicennalia at Nicomedeia, A. D. 327, and at Rome,
Christians at Constantine's patronage of the true A. D. 328. Eusebius's object in writing it was to
religion was so great, that he was all but deified give an account of ancient history, previous to the
by them both before and after his death; and al- time of Christ, in order to establish belief in the
though no doubt Niebuhr (Lectures on Roman truth of the Old Testament History, and to point
History, Lect. Ixxix. ed. Schmitz) has sufficiently out the superior antiquity of the Mosaic to any
shewn that Constantine, at least up to the time of other writings. For he says that whereas different
his last illness, can only be considered as a pagan; accounts had been given of the age of Moses, it
yet, considering that his accession not only termi- would be found from his work that he was con-
nated the persecution which had raged for ten temporary with Cecrops, and therefore not only
years, but eren established Christianity as the prior to Homer, Hesiod, and the Trojan war, but
state religion, it is not surprising that Eusebius, I also to Hercules, Musaeus, Castor, Pollux, Hermes,
rto Ria
3 God to be
I of a
1 Histary (1)
Der p208 183
fully lebende
of oux O
S, and 12 )
in his defect;
d Christie
αχ ώς εν τη
at at the end
an of Anas c
asure for open
or eri, be at
rdingly apart
e sectica o De
which he bed
parties
, of the
usebius, biten al
icaea; while being
der, whose deanu
Dous, accumsan
ered bim gresu se
to be found is
dy diters from
de expression 1
- 1. 15) instea: et de
esque suicze
adjective owners;
of Very God,"isN
God, Light of Line
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οούσιος, to sbsite
12
## p. 116 (#132) ############################################
116
EUSEBIUS.
EUSEBIUS.
1
Apollo, Zeus, and all other persone deified by the A. D. 324. When Constantine visited Caesareia,
Greeks. In the course of the work Eusebius gives he offered to give Eusebius anything which would
extracts from Berosus, Sanchoniathon, Polyhistor, be beneficial to the Church there ; Eusebius re-
Cephalion, and Manetho, which materially in- quested him to order an examination to be made
crease its value. Of this Chronicon an abridge of all documents connected with the history of
ment was found by Mai in the Vatican library, at martyrs, so as to get a list of the times, places,
the end of a copy of Theodoret's Haereticae Fa- manner, and causes of their deaths, from the ar-
bulae, also in two parts, to the second of which is chives of the provinces. On this the history is
added by the abbreviator, a list of bishops of the founded; and of its general trustworthiness, with
five patriarchal sces, Rome, Alexandria, Antioch, the limitation necessary from the principle of
Jerusalem, and Constantinople, together with the omission noticed above, there can be no doubt
boundaries of these patriarchates as they existed whatever. The first book consists of a discussion
in the ninth century. This has been published on our Lord's pre-existence, the prophecies re-
by Mai, together with a commentary on St. Luke specting Him, the purpose of His rerelation,
and twenty Quaestiones Erangelicae, also by Euse- and many facts relating to His life, together with
bius, in the Scriptorum laticanorum Nova Collectio, the story of His correspondence with Abgarus or
Rome, 1825. The Quaestiones are short disquisi. Agbarus, tuparch of Edessa. [ABGARUS. ] The
tions on certain points of the Gospel histories, e. g. second book begins the history of the Church after
why the evangelists give Joseph's genealogy rather our Lord's Ascension, with an account of the death
than Mary's ; in what sense our Lord is said to of Pilate, the history of Simon Magus, St. Peter's
sit on David's throne, &c. The Chronicon was trans- preaching at Rome, and the various labours of other
lated into Latin by Jerome, and published by J. J. apostles and disciples. The rest of the work gives
Scaliger, Leyden, 1606, of which another enlarged an account of the principal ecclesiastical writers,
edition appeared at Amsterdam, 1658.
It was heresies, and persecutions, including the beautiful
again published at Venice, in Armenian, Greek, stories of the martyrs at Lyons and Vienne, and
and Latin, by J. Baptist Aucher, 1818. Mai and the death of Polycarp. Many accounts of different
Zohrab's edition has been noticed above. The scenes and periods in church history had been
historical importance of their discovery is explained written before, as by Hegesippus, Papias, Irenaeus,
by Niebuhr, in his essay entitled Historischer Ge- and Clemens of Alexandria ; but Eusebius was the
winn aus der Armenischen Uebersetzung der Chronik first who reduced them all into one whole, availing
des Eusebius, published in his Kleine Schriften. himself largely of the labours of his predecessors,
2. The Praeparatio Evangelica (evayyedukas but giving a unity and completeness to them all.
drobeitews apotapaokeún) in fifteen books, in- The History was turned into Latin by Rufinus,
scribed to Theodotus, bishop of Laodiceia, is a col though with many omissions and interpolations,
lection of various facts and quotations from old and published at Rome, 1474. The Greek text,
writers, by which it was supposed that the mind together with that of the histories of Socrates,
would be prepared to receive the evidences of Theodoret, Sozomen, and Eragrius, appeared at
Christianity. This book is almost as important to Paris, 1549, edited by R. Stephens, and again at
us in the study of ancient philosophy, as the Chron- Geneva, 1612, with little alteration from the pre-
icon is with reference to history, since in it are ceding edition. In this edition the text of Euse-
preserved specimens from the writings of almost bius was that which had been published by Vale
every philosopher of any note whose works are sius at Paris, in 1659, with many emendations,
not now extant. It was translated into Latin by after a careful recension of the MSS. in the Biblio-
George of Trebisond, and published at Treviso, thèque du Roi; and again at Amsterdam, with
1480. This translation is said to be a very bad the other historians, in 1695. The same histories,
one, and the Greek work itself first appeared at with the remaining fragments of Theodorus and
Paris, 1544, edited by Robert Stephens, and again the Arian Philostorgius, were published at Cam-
in 1628, also at Paris, with a Latin version, by bridge in three folio volumes, 1720. The Cam-
F. Viger, who republished his edition at Cologne, bridge edition was furnished with notes by W.
1688. The Praeparatio Evangelica is closely con- Reading, and republished at Turin, 1746–48.
nected with another work written soon after it, viz. : More recent editions are Heinichen, in three ro-
3. The Demonstratio Evangelica (evayyedik lumes, Leipzig, 1827, which contains the commen-
àmódelfis) in twenty books, of which ten are ex- tary of Valesius and very copious notes, and
tant, is a collection of evidences, chiefly from the another at Oxford in 1838, by Dr. Burton, regius
Old Testament, addressed principally to the Jews. professor of divinity in that University.
This is the completion of the preceding work, The History has been translated into various
giving the arguments which the Praeparatio was languages : into English by Parker, 1703, by Ca-
intended to make the mind ready to receive. The ter, 1736, and by Dalrymple, 1778 ; into German,
two together form a treatise on the evidences of Eusebü Kirchengeschichte aus dem Griech, und mit
considerable ability and immense learning. The Anmercungen erlaütert von F. A. Stroth, 1778 ;
Deinonstratio was translated into Latin by Donatus into Italian in the Biblioteca degli Autori rolga-
of Verona, and published either at Rome or Venice rizzati, Venice, 1547; and into French by Cousin,
in 1498 and at Cologne in 1542. The Greek text Paris, 1675.
appeared with that of the Praeparatio, at Paris, in 5. De Martyribus Palaestinae (repi Twv ér
the editions both of R. Stephens and Viger. Παλαιστίνη μαρτυρησάντων), being an account of
4. The Ecclesiastical History (EKKANDIQOTIKT the persecutions of Diocletian and Maximin from
iotopla), in ten books. The work was finished A. D. 303 to 310. It is in one book, and generally
in the lifetime of Crispus, i. e. before 326, found as an appendix to the eighth of the Ecclesi-
whom (x. 9) he commemorates as Deo inéotatov astical History.
και κατά πάντα του πατρός όμοιον. The 6. Against Hierocles (após tá ÚTÒ $100Tpátov
history terminates with the death of Licinius, | εις 'Απολλώνιον τον Τυανέα δια την Ιεροκλεί
## p. 117 (#133) ############################################
BIUS.
117
EUSEBIUS,
EUSEBIUS.
tratus,
Cantine visited Cieszyn,
m18 anything which redi
orch there; Eusebius
examination to be
cted with the biteyi
ist of the times, places
eir deaths, from the
On this the history
eral trustworthines, ka
from the principe de
there can be no dorit
consists of a diccusan
ence, the prophecies
Dose of His revelation
• His life, together in
endence with Abanor
=sa. (APGARES) The
tory of the Church na
an account of the daci
Emon Magis, St. Pearl
various labound
e rest of the work plan
al ecclesiastical 7. 2
including the bed
Lyons and Vienne, and
75 accounts of a
zrch history had been
Eppus, Papias
, Irenem
; but Eusebius 52 33
to one shole, 3rz.
urs of his predecesses
pleteness to the al
to Latin by Rae
as and interpo 2015
74. The Greek er,
histories of Sara
sagries, appeari *
ephens, and is
eration frua te
on the tert of Ede
Tapalnpecirav avto Te Kal Toll Xplotoù our bios. (See the question discussed by Neander
kpiow). Hierocles had advised Diocletian to begin Kirchengesch, vol. č. p. 1073, note. ) On another
his persecution, and had written two books, called occasion, he produced in church an act of accusation
Nóyo pinaanleis, comparing our Lord's miracles against Nestorius, whom he denounced as reviving
to those of Apollonius of Tyana. (See Lactantius, the heresies of Paul of Samosata (Leontius, contra
Instit. v. 2, 3, 4. ) In answering this work, Eu- Nestorian. et Eutych. iii. ) The interest which he
sebius reviews the life of Apollonius by Philos- took in this controversy probably induced him to
It was published in Greek and Latin by alter his profession, and to enter into boly orders.
F. Morell (among the works of Philostratus) at He afterwards became bishop of Dorylaeum, a
Paris, 1608, and with a new translation and notes town in Phrygia on the river Thymbrius (a feeder
by Olearius, Leipzig, 1709.
of the Sangarius), not far from the Bithynian fron-
7. Against Marcellus (kard Mapkérdov), bishop tier. In this office he was among the first to de-
of Ancyra, in two books. Marcellus had been fend against Eutyches the doctrine of Christ's two-
condemned for Sabellianism at Constantinople, fold nature, as he had already maintained against
A. D. 336, and this work was written by desire Ncstorius the unity of His person. He first pri-
of the synod which passed sentence. The most vately admonished Eutyches of his crror ; but, as
important edition is by Rettberg, Götting. 1794-8. he failed in convincing him, he first denounced bim
8. De Ecclesiastica Thcologia (Trepi tñs ékkinon- at a synod summoned by Flavius, bishop of Con-
αστικής θεολογίας, των προς Μάρκελλον ελέγχων | stantinople, and then proceeded to the council
Bibaca y/). This is a continuation of the former which Thcodosius had summoned to meet at Ephe-
work, and both were edited with a Latin version sus, to declare the Catholic belief on the point
and notes by Montagu, bishop of Chichester, and mooted by Eutyches. The assembly met A. D. 449
appended to the Demonstratio Evangelica, Paris, under the presidency of Dioscurus, bishop of Aler-
1628.
andria, a partizan of Eutyches. It was disgraced
9. De Vila Constantini, fonr books (els T v Blov by scenes of the greatest violence, which gained
του μακαρίου Κωνσταντίνου βασιλέως λόγοι τέσ- for it the title of σύνοδος ληστρική, and besides
capes), a panegyric rather than a biography. They sanctioning the monophysite doctrine, it decreed the
have generally been published with the Ecclesias deposition of Eusebius. But Leo the Great, bishop
tical History, but were edited separately by Hei- of Rome, interfered and prevailed upon Marcian,
nichen, 1830.
the successor of Theodosius, to convene another
10. Onomasticon de Locis Hebraicis (nepl tv general council to revise the decrees of this disor-
TOTIV dvoudrwv ev tội delę ypaon) a description derly assembly. It met at Chalcedon, A. D. 451,
of the towns and places mentioned in Holy Scrip- and Eusebius presented a petition at it addressed
ture, arranged in alphabetical order. This is in- to Marcian and his colleague Valentinian. He
scribed to Paulinus, bishop of Tyre, as is also the was restored to his see, and the doctrine of Euty-
tenth book of the Ecclesiastical History. It was ches finally condemned. A Contestatio adversus
translated into Latin by Jerome, and published at Nestorium by Eusebius is extant in a Latin trans-
Paris with a commentary, by Jacques Bonpère, lation amongst the works of Marius Mercator,
1659, and again at Amsterdam, by J. Cleves, 1707. part ii. p. 18. There are also a Libellus adversus
Besides these, several epistles of Eusebius are Eutycheten Synodo Constantinopolitano oblatus (Con-
preserved by different writers, e. g. by Socrates cil. vol. iv. p. 151), Libellus adversus Dioscurum
(i. 8) and Theodoret (i. 12); and he wrote com- Synodo Chalcedonensi oblatus (ib. p. 380), and
mentaries on various parts of Scripture, many of Epistola ad Marcianum Imperatorem (ib. p. 95).
which are not extant.
(Evagrius, Hist. Eccl. ï. 4; Cave, Hist. Lit. vol.
The first edition of all the works of Eusebius i. ; Neander, l. c. and vol. ii. p. 959. ) {G. E. L. C. )
was published in Latin at Basle, in four volumes, EUSE'BIUS of Emisa, born of a noble family
ex variorum interpretatione, 1542, which reappear- at Edessa in Mesopotamia at the end of the third
ed at Paris in a more correct form, 1580. Since century. He was a man of considerable learning,
that time it has been usual to edit his works sepa- having received instructions from Eusebius of Cae-
rately, and the chief of these editions have been sareia and other teachers of high repute. He went
given with the account of each work.
to Alexandria, that he might avoid ordination, and
(See Cave, Script. Eccl. Hist. Lit. vol. i. ; Fabric. devote himself to philosophy, but afterwards re-
Bibl. Graec. vol. vii. c. 4; Neander, Kirchengesch- moved to Antioch, became intimate with Flaccillus,
ichte, vol. ii. p. 787, &c. ; Waddington, History of its bishop, and was ordained. At this time Atha-
the Church, ch. vi. ; Jortin, Eccl. Hist. iii. The nasius was deposed from the see of Alexandria,
last two contain interesting discussions on the re- and Eusebius of Nicomedeia, then bishop of Con-
ligious opinions of Eusebius. (G. E. L. C. ] stantinople, wished to instal his namesake into the
EUSEBIUS, of DORYLAEUM, born at the end vacant office. He wiscly declined the questionable
of the fifth century, began his public life as a lay- honour, knowing that the Alexandrians were too
man, and held an office about the imperial court of warmly attached to Athanasius to tolerate any
Constantinople, which gave him the title of Agens other patriarch. He accepted, however, the see of
in Rebus. One day, as Nestorius, then bishop of Emisa in Syria (the city from which Elagabalus
Constantinople, was preaching against the propriety had been chosen emperor by the soldiers); but on
of applying the term Ofotókos to the Virgin Mary, proceeding there to take possession, he was driven
and was maintaining at once the eternal genera- away by a tumultuous mob, who had heard a re-
tion of the divine Logos, and the human birth of port of his being a sorcerer, based upon the fact
the Man Jesus, a voice cried out, “ No, the Eternal that he was fond of astronomical studies. He fied
Word Himself submitted to the second birth. " A to Laodiceia, and lived with George, bishop of that
scene of great confusion followed, and an active place, by whose exertions he was afterwards re-
opposition to the Nestorian doctrine began. There stored to Emisa He was a great favourite with
is little doubt that the voice proceeded from Euse-| the emperor Constantius, whom he accompanied
- published by Tae
many ependent
MSS. in tbe 635
Amsterdam, we
The same tiene
of Theodaros i
pablished a CD
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## p. 118 (#134) ############################################
118
EUSEBIUS.
EUSEBIUS.
on some military expeditions. He died at Antioch, He declined, however, to sign the anathema
about A. D. 360. His enemies accused him of which the council issued against Arius, though not,
Sabellianism, but the truth of the charge is denied as be says in the petition which he afterwards
by Sozomen (iii. 5). He wrote several books enu- presented to the bishops,“ because he differed from
merated by Jerome (de Script. 90), e. g. a treatise the doctrine as settled at Nicaea, but because he
against the Jews, Homilies, &c. Some homilies doubted whether Arius really held what the anathe-
on the Gospels, and about fifty on other subjects, ma imputed to him. " (Sozom. ii. 15. ) But very soon
are extant under his name; but they are probably after the council had broken up, Eusebius shewed
spurious, and of more recent date. They were a desire to revive the controversy, for which he
published at Paris, 1575, and at Antwerp, 1602. was deprived of his see and banished into Gaul.
Some of the homilies ascribed to Eusebius of Caesa- On this occasion Constantine addressed a letter to
reia, are attributed to this Eusebius. (G. E. L. C. ) the people of Nicomedeia, censuring their exiled
EUSEBIUS, MAGISTER SCRINIORUM, one of bishop in the strongest manner, as disaffected to
the commission of Nine appointed by Theodosius in his government, as the principal supporter of heresy,
A.
Athenaeus (zi. p. 461) he put them to death be our conception of His nature. But with regard to
cause they had demanded a tribute from the Euboe- all his earlier statements of doctrine, we musi re
According to the Homeric poems, on the member that till Arius's opinions, with their full
other hand, Eurytus was killed by Apollo whom bearings and consequences, were generally known,
he presumed to rival in using the bow. (Od. viii. it was very possible for a person to use language
226. ) The remains of the body of Eurytus were apparently somewhat farourable to them, quite
believed to be preserved in the Carnasian grove ; unintentionally, since the true faith on the subject
and in the Messenian Oechalia sacrifices were of- of our Lord's divinity had not yet been couched
fered to him every year. (Paus. iv. 3. $ 6, 27. & in certain formulae, of which ihe use after the
4, 33. & 5. )
controversy was mooted, became as it were the
2. A son of Actor and Molione of Elis. (Hom. test of a man's opinions ; nor had general attention
II. ii. 621 ; A pollod. ii. 7. & 2 ; Paus. ii. 15. 91; been called to the results of differences apparently
Eurip. Iph. Aul. 270. ) (MOLIONES. )
trifling. Eusebius's views on the subject seem to
3. A son of Hermes and Antianeira, and bro- have been based on those of Origen, though in-
ther of Echion, was one of the Argonauts. (Apol- deed he deprecated the discussion of the question
lod. i. 9. § 16 ; Hygin. Fab. 14, 160 ; Val. Flacc. as above human comprehension, recommending
i. 439. )
He is sometimes also called Erytus. men to be satisfied with the scriptural declaration,
(Pind. Pyth. iv. 179; Apollon. Rhod. i. 51; “ So God loved the world, that he gave His only
Orph. Arg. 133. ) There are two more mythical begotten Son, that whosoever believeth on Him
personages of this name. (Apollod. iii. 10, 65, i. should not perish, but have everlasting life ;"
6. $ 2. )
(L. S. )
“pot," as he argues, “whosoever knows how He
EU'RYTUS(EŬputos), an eminent Pythagorean is generated from the Father. " But in the Eccle-
philosopher, whom lamblichus in one passage (de siastica Theologia (after the rise of Arianism) he
Vit. Pyth. 28) describes as a native of Croton, declares (i. 8, ix. 5) against those who reckon
while in another (ilid. 36) he enumerates him Christ among the ktiouata, asserting God to be
among the Tarentine Pythagoreans. He was a the Father of Christ, but the Creator of all other
disciple of Philolaus, and Diogenes Laërtius (iii 6, beings. Again: in the Ecclesiastical History (x.
viii. 46) mentions him among the teachers of Plato, 4) he calls Him avrodeós, and in other places uses
though this statement is very doubtful. It is un- language which proves him to have fully believed
certain whether Eurytus was the author of any in His divinity. He was, however, of course dis-
work, unless we suppose that the fragment in posed to regard Arius with mildness, and wrote to
Stobaeus (Phys. Ed. i. p. 210), which is there Alexander, bishop of Alexandria, in his defence ;
ascribed to one Eurytus, belongs to our Eurytus. arguing that though Arius had called Christ Krioua
(Ritter, Gesch. der Pythag. Plulos. p. 64, &c. ) [L. S. ] Deoù rénerov, he had added an oux as ēv tüy
EUSEBIUS (Evo éBios) of Caesarela, the KTIOUÁTwy. Thus he took his seat at the council
father of ecclesiastical history, took the surname of of Nicaea not indeed as a partizan of Arius, but
Pamphili, to commemorate his devoted friendship as anxious to shield him from censure for opinions
for Pamphilus, bishop of Caesareia. He was born whose importance, either for good or evil, he con-
in Palestine about A. D. 264, towards the end of sidered exaggerated. He accordingly appeared
the reign of the Emperor Gallienus. He spent his there as head of the moderate section of the
youth in incessant study, and probably held some council, and drew up a creed which he hoped
offices in the church of Caesareia. In A. D. 303, would satisfy both the extreme parties, of which
Diocletian's edict was issued, and the persecution the Arian was favoured by Eusebius, bishop of
of the Christians began, Pamphilus was impri- Nicomedia, and Theognis of Nicaea ; while their
soned in 307, and was most affectionately at- opponents were led by Alexander, whose deacon
tended on by Eusebius for two years, at the end Athanasius, afterwards so famous, accompanied
of which time he suffered martyrdom, and Euse him to the council, and rendered him great ser-
bius fled to Tyre, where he was kindly received vice. This formula, which is to be found in So-
by the bishop Paulinus; but afterwards he re- crates (Hist. Eccl. i. 5), chiefly differs from the
moved to Egypt
, and was imprisoned there in the Nicene Creed in containing the expression apwtó
course of the persecution. After his release he TOKOS Traons ktíoews (from Col. i. 15) instead of the
returned to Caesareia, and succeeded Agapius as declaration that Christ is of the same substance with
bishop of that see about 315. He was summoned the Father, expressed in the adjective óuocúolov;
to the council of Nicaea in 327, and was there ap- and the phrase " Very God of Very God," is not
pointed to receive Constantine with a panegyrical found in it after “ God of God, Light of Light. "
oration, and to sit on his right hand. The course This creed was accepted by Arius; but Alexander
of events now made it necessary for him to form a insisted on the addition of ouoouoios, to which Coir-
## p. 115 (#131) ############################################
Bagh
Des
His for
60
tirz E:
3 LOT
EUSEBIUS.
EUSEBIUS.
113
stantine himself was favourable, and a majority of like others, should be willing to overlook his
the council decreed its insertion. Eusebius at first faults, and regard him as an especial favourite of
hesitated to sign it, but afterwards did so; because, Heaven. As to the charge of dishonesty, though
as he told the people of Cacsareia in a pastoral letter we could neither expect nor wish a Christian to
explanatory of the proceedings at the council (So be impartial in Gibbon's sense, yet Eusebius has
crat i. 5), the emperor had assured him that by certainly avowed (H. E. viii. 2), that he omits
the phrase need only be understood an assertion almost all account of the wickedness and dissensions
that the Son of God is wholly different from every of the Christians, from thinking such stories less
created being; and that as His nature is entirely edifying than those which display the excellence of
spiritual, He was not born from the Father by religion, by reflecting honour upon the martyrs.
any division, or separation, or other corporeal pro- The fact that he avows this principle, at once di-
cess. Eusebius, however, always retained his mild minishes our confidence in him as an historian and
feelings on this subject; for he wished to reinstate acquits him of the charge of intentional deceit,
Arius in his church, in opposition to Athanasius, to which he would otherwise have been exposed.
and he was intimate with his namesake, the But besides this, Eusebius has written a chapter
bishop of Nicomedeia, a decided Arian. Eusebius (Proep. Evang. xii
. 31) bearing the monstrous
had a very strong feeling against pictures of our title, —" How far it may be lawful and fitting to
Lord, and other novelties, which were then creep- use falschood as a medicine for the advantage of
ing into the Church. When Constantia, the those who require such a method. ” Now at first
widow of Licinius and sister of Constantine, re- sight this naturally raises in our minds a strong
quested him to send her such a picture, he re- prejudice against a person who, being a Christian
fused, and pronounced all such representations in profession, could suppose that the use of false-
worthy only of heathenism. (Vit. Const. 1. 3. p. hood can ever be justified; and no doubt the
1069. ) These pictures he destroyed when they thought was suggested by the pious frauds which
came in his way, considering them inconsistent are the shame of the early Church. But when
with 2 Cor. v. 10 (“ Though we have known we read the chapter itself, we find that the in-
Christ after the flesh, yet now henceforth knowstances which Eusebius takes of the extent to
we Him no more"); and he greatly objected (Hist. which the principle may be carried are the cases
Ecd. vii. 18) to a practice prevalent at Caesareia in which God is described in the Old Testament
of offering up figures of Christ as an act of thanks as liable to human affections, as jealousy or anger,
giving for recovery from sickness. It cannot be which is done for the advantage of those who
denied that in some of his objections to pictures of require such a method. ” From this explanation
our Lord, he appears to overlook the practical im- it would appear that Eusebius may have meant
portance of His Incarnation to our Christian life. nothing more than the principle of accommodating
Eusebius remained in favour with the imperial fa- the degree of enlightenment granted from time to
mily till his death. He was offered the see of time to the knowledge and moral state of man-
Antioch on the death of Eustathius, but declined kind; and his only error consists in giving the
it, considering the practice of translations objec odious name of falsehood to what is practically the
tionable, and, indeed, contrary to one of the canons most real truth. (See Amold, Essay appended to
agreed upon at the recent council of Nicaea. For Sermons, vol. ii. )
this moderation he was exceedingly praised by The principal works of Eusebius are as follows:--
Constantine, who declared that he was universally 1. The Chronicon (xpovind FavTodarîs loroplas), a
considered worthy to be the bishop not of one city work of great value to us in the study of ancient
only, but almost of the whole world. (Socrat. history. For some time it was only known in a
H. E. i. 18. ) He died about A. D. 340; so that fragmentary state, but was discovered entire in an
his birth, his elevation to high office, and his Armenian MS. version at Constantinople, and pub-
death, nearly coincide in time with those of his lished by Mai and Zohrab at Milan, in 1818. It
imperial patron.
is in two books. The first, entitled Xpovoypapia,
The character of Eusebius, and his honesty as contains a sketch of the history of several ancient
a writer, have been made the subject of a fierce nations, as the Chaldaeans, Assyrians, Medes, Per-
attack by Gibbon, who (Decline and Fall, c. xvi. ) sians, Lydians, Hebrews, and Egyptians. It is
accuses him of relating whatever might redound to chiefly taken from the Tertaßißacov Xpovodoy còv
the credit, and suppressing whatever would tend of Africanus (AFRICANUS, Sex. JULIUS], and gives
to cast reproach on Christianity, and represents lists of kings and other magistrates, with short ac-
him as little better than a dishonest sycophant, counts of remarkable events from the creation to
anxious for nothing higher than the favour of the time of Eusebius. The second book consists
Constantine ; and resumes the subject in his of synchronological tables, with similar catalogues
"Vindication” of the fifteenth and sixteenth chap- of rulers and striking occurrences, from the time
ters of the history. For the charge of sycophancy of Abraham to the celebration of Constantine's
there is but little foundation. The joy of the Vicennalia at Nicomedeia, A. D. 327, and at Rome,
Christians at Constantine's patronage of the true A. D. 328. Eusebius's object in writing it was to
religion was so great, that he was all but deified give an account of ancient history, previous to the
by them both before and after his death; and al- time of Christ, in order to establish belief in the
though no doubt Niebuhr (Lectures on Roman truth of the Old Testament History, and to point
History, Lect. Ixxix. ed. Schmitz) has sufficiently out the superior antiquity of the Mosaic to any
shewn that Constantine, at least up to the time of other writings. For he says that whereas different
his last illness, can only be considered as a pagan; accounts had been given of the age of Moses, it
yet, considering that his accession not only termi- would be found from his work that he was con-
nated the persecution which had raged for ten temporary with Cecrops, and therefore not only
years, but eren established Christianity as the prior to Homer, Hesiod, and the Trojan war, but
state religion, it is not surprising that Eusebius, I also to Hercules, Musaeus, Castor, Pollux, Hermes,
rto Ria
3 God to be
I of a
1 Histary (1)
Der p208 183
fully lebende
of oux O
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in his defect;
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at at the end
an of Anas c
asure for open
or eri, be at
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e sectica o De
which he bed
parties
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usebius, biten al
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der, whose deanu
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to be found is
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de expression 1
- 1. 15) instea: et de
esque suicze
adjective owners;
of Very God,"isN
God, Light of Line
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12
## p. 116 (#132) ############################################
116
EUSEBIUS.
EUSEBIUS.
1
Apollo, Zeus, and all other persone deified by the A. D. 324. When Constantine visited Caesareia,
Greeks. In the course of the work Eusebius gives he offered to give Eusebius anything which would
extracts from Berosus, Sanchoniathon, Polyhistor, be beneficial to the Church there ; Eusebius re-
Cephalion, and Manetho, which materially in- quested him to order an examination to be made
crease its value. Of this Chronicon an abridge of all documents connected with the history of
ment was found by Mai in the Vatican library, at martyrs, so as to get a list of the times, places,
the end of a copy of Theodoret's Haereticae Fa- manner, and causes of their deaths, from the ar-
bulae, also in two parts, to the second of which is chives of the provinces. On this the history is
added by the abbreviator, a list of bishops of the founded; and of its general trustworthiness, with
five patriarchal sces, Rome, Alexandria, Antioch, the limitation necessary from the principle of
Jerusalem, and Constantinople, together with the omission noticed above, there can be no doubt
boundaries of these patriarchates as they existed whatever. The first book consists of a discussion
in the ninth century. This has been published on our Lord's pre-existence, the prophecies re-
by Mai, together with a commentary on St. Luke specting Him, the purpose of His rerelation,
and twenty Quaestiones Erangelicae, also by Euse- and many facts relating to His life, together with
bius, in the Scriptorum laticanorum Nova Collectio, the story of His correspondence with Abgarus or
Rome, 1825. The Quaestiones are short disquisi. Agbarus, tuparch of Edessa. [ABGARUS. ] The
tions on certain points of the Gospel histories, e. g. second book begins the history of the Church after
why the evangelists give Joseph's genealogy rather our Lord's Ascension, with an account of the death
than Mary's ; in what sense our Lord is said to of Pilate, the history of Simon Magus, St. Peter's
sit on David's throne, &c. The Chronicon was trans- preaching at Rome, and the various labours of other
lated into Latin by Jerome, and published by J. J. apostles and disciples. The rest of the work gives
Scaliger, Leyden, 1606, of which another enlarged an account of the principal ecclesiastical writers,
edition appeared at Amsterdam, 1658.
It was heresies, and persecutions, including the beautiful
again published at Venice, in Armenian, Greek, stories of the martyrs at Lyons and Vienne, and
and Latin, by J. Baptist Aucher, 1818. Mai and the death of Polycarp. Many accounts of different
Zohrab's edition has been noticed above. The scenes and periods in church history had been
historical importance of their discovery is explained written before, as by Hegesippus, Papias, Irenaeus,
by Niebuhr, in his essay entitled Historischer Ge- and Clemens of Alexandria ; but Eusebius was the
winn aus der Armenischen Uebersetzung der Chronik first who reduced them all into one whole, availing
des Eusebius, published in his Kleine Schriften. himself largely of the labours of his predecessors,
2. The Praeparatio Evangelica (evayyedukas but giving a unity and completeness to them all.
drobeitews apotapaokeún) in fifteen books, in- The History was turned into Latin by Rufinus,
scribed to Theodotus, bishop of Laodiceia, is a col though with many omissions and interpolations,
lection of various facts and quotations from old and published at Rome, 1474. The Greek text,
writers, by which it was supposed that the mind together with that of the histories of Socrates,
would be prepared to receive the evidences of Theodoret, Sozomen, and Eragrius, appeared at
Christianity. This book is almost as important to Paris, 1549, edited by R. Stephens, and again at
us in the study of ancient philosophy, as the Chron- Geneva, 1612, with little alteration from the pre-
icon is with reference to history, since in it are ceding edition. In this edition the text of Euse-
preserved specimens from the writings of almost bius was that which had been published by Vale
every philosopher of any note whose works are sius at Paris, in 1659, with many emendations,
not now extant. It was translated into Latin by after a careful recension of the MSS. in the Biblio-
George of Trebisond, and published at Treviso, thèque du Roi; and again at Amsterdam, with
1480. This translation is said to be a very bad the other historians, in 1695. The same histories,
one, and the Greek work itself first appeared at with the remaining fragments of Theodorus and
Paris, 1544, edited by Robert Stephens, and again the Arian Philostorgius, were published at Cam-
in 1628, also at Paris, with a Latin version, by bridge in three folio volumes, 1720. The Cam-
F. Viger, who republished his edition at Cologne, bridge edition was furnished with notes by W.
1688. The Praeparatio Evangelica is closely con- Reading, and republished at Turin, 1746–48.
nected with another work written soon after it, viz. : More recent editions are Heinichen, in three ro-
3. The Demonstratio Evangelica (evayyedik lumes, Leipzig, 1827, which contains the commen-
àmódelfis) in twenty books, of which ten are ex- tary of Valesius and very copious notes, and
tant, is a collection of evidences, chiefly from the another at Oxford in 1838, by Dr. Burton, regius
Old Testament, addressed principally to the Jews. professor of divinity in that University.
This is the completion of the preceding work, The History has been translated into various
giving the arguments which the Praeparatio was languages : into English by Parker, 1703, by Ca-
intended to make the mind ready to receive. The ter, 1736, and by Dalrymple, 1778 ; into German,
two together form a treatise on the evidences of Eusebü Kirchengeschichte aus dem Griech, und mit
considerable ability and immense learning. The Anmercungen erlaütert von F. A. Stroth, 1778 ;
Deinonstratio was translated into Latin by Donatus into Italian in the Biblioteca degli Autori rolga-
of Verona, and published either at Rome or Venice rizzati, Venice, 1547; and into French by Cousin,
in 1498 and at Cologne in 1542. The Greek text Paris, 1675.
appeared with that of the Praeparatio, at Paris, in 5. De Martyribus Palaestinae (repi Twv ér
the editions both of R. Stephens and Viger. Παλαιστίνη μαρτυρησάντων), being an account of
4. The Ecclesiastical History (EKKANDIQOTIKT the persecutions of Diocletian and Maximin from
iotopla), in ten books. The work was finished A. D. 303 to 310. It is in one book, and generally
in the lifetime of Crispus, i. e. before 326, found as an appendix to the eighth of the Ecclesi-
whom (x. 9) he commemorates as Deo inéotatov astical History.
και κατά πάντα του πατρός όμοιον. The 6. Against Hierocles (após tá ÚTÒ $100Tpátov
history terminates with the death of Licinius, | εις 'Απολλώνιον τον Τυανέα δια την Ιεροκλεί
## p. 117 (#133) ############################################
BIUS.
117
EUSEBIUS,
EUSEBIUS.
tratus,
Cantine visited Cieszyn,
m18 anything which redi
orch there; Eusebius
examination to be
cted with the biteyi
ist of the times, places
eir deaths, from the
On this the history
eral trustworthines, ka
from the principe de
there can be no dorit
consists of a diccusan
ence, the prophecies
Dose of His revelation
• His life, together in
endence with Abanor
=sa. (APGARES) The
tory of the Church na
an account of the daci
Emon Magis, St. Pearl
various labound
e rest of the work plan
al ecclesiastical 7. 2
including the bed
Lyons and Vienne, and
75 accounts of a
zrch history had been
Eppus, Papias
, Irenem
; but Eusebius 52 33
to one shole, 3rz.
urs of his predecesses
pleteness to the al
to Latin by Rae
as and interpo 2015
74. The Greek er,
histories of Sara
sagries, appeari *
ephens, and is
eration frua te
on the tert of Ede
Tapalnpecirav avto Te Kal Toll Xplotoù our bios. (See the question discussed by Neander
kpiow). Hierocles had advised Diocletian to begin Kirchengesch, vol. č. p. 1073, note. ) On another
his persecution, and had written two books, called occasion, he produced in church an act of accusation
Nóyo pinaanleis, comparing our Lord's miracles against Nestorius, whom he denounced as reviving
to those of Apollonius of Tyana. (See Lactantius, the heresies of Paul of Samosata (Leontius, contra
Instit. v. 2, 3, 4. ) In answering this work, Eu- Nestorian. et Eutych. iii. ) The interest which he
sebius reviews the life of Apollonius by Philos- took in this controversy probably induced him to
It was published in Greek and Latin by alter his profession, and to enter into boly orders.
F. Morell (among the works of Philostratus) at He afterwards became bishop of Dorylaeum, a
Paris, 1608, and with a new translation and notes town in Phrygia on the river Thymbrius (a feeder
by Olearius, Leipzig, 1709.
of the Sangarius), not far from the Bithynian fron-
7. Against Marcellus (kard Mapkérdov), bishop tier. In this office he was among the first to de-
of Ancyra, in two books. Marcellus had been fend against Eutyches the doctrine of Christ's two-
condemned for Sabellianism at Constantinople, fold nature, as he had already maintained against
A. D. 336, and this work was written by desire Ncstorius the unity of His person. He first pri-
of the synod which passed sentence. The most vately admonished Eutyches of his crror ; but, as
important edition is by Rettberg, Götting. 1794-8. he failed in convincing him, he first denounced bim
8. De Ecclesiastica Thcologia (Trepi tñs ékkinon- at a synod summoned by Flavius, bishop of Con-
αστικής θεολογίας, των προς Μάρκελλον ελέγχων | stantinople, and then proceeded to the council
Bibaca y/). This is a continuation of the former which Thcodosius had summoned to meet at Ephe-
work, and both were edited with a Latin version sus, to declare the Catholic belief on the point
and notes by Montagu, bishop of Chichester, and mooted by Eutyches. The assembly met A. D. 449
appended to the Demonstratio Evangelica, Paris, under the presidency of Dioscurus, bishop of Aler-
1628.
andria, a partizan of Eutyches. It was disgraced
9. De Vila Constantini, fonr books (els T v Blov by scenes of the greatest violence, which gained
του μακαρίου Κωνσταντίνου βασιλέως λόγοι τέσ- for it the title of σύνοδος ληστρική, and besides
capes), a panegyric rather than a biography. They sanctioning the monophysite doctrine, it decreed the
have generally been published with the Ecclesias deposition of Eusebius. But Leo the Great, bishop
tical History, but were edited separately by Hei- of Rome, interfered and prevailed upon Marcian,
nichen, 1830.
the successor of Theodosius, to convene another
10. Onomasticon de Locis Hebraicis (nepl tv general council to revise the decrees of this disor-
TOTIV dvoudrwv ev tội delę ypaon) a description derly assembly. It met at Chalcedon, A. D. 451,
of the towns and places mentioned in Holy Scrip- and Eusebius presented a petition at it addressed
ture, arranged in alphabetical order. This is in- to Marcian and his colleague Valentinian. He
scribed to Paulinus, bishop of Tyre, as is also the was restored to his see, and the doctrine of Euty-
tenth book of the Ecclesiastical History. It was ches finally condemned. A Contestatio adversus
translated into Latin by Jerome, and published at Nestorium by Eusebius is extant in a Latin trans-
Paris with a commentary, by Jacques Bonpère, lation amongst the works of Marius Mercator,
1659, and again at Amsterdam, by J. Cleves, 1707. part ii. p. 18. There are also a Libellus adversus
Besides these, several epistles of Eusebius are Eutycheten Synodo Constantinopolitano oblatus (Con-
preserved by different writers, e. g. by Socrates cil. vol. iv. p. 151), Libellus adversus Dioscurum
(i. 8) and Theodoret (i. 12); and he wrote com- Synodo Chalcedonensi oblatus (ib. p. 380), and
mentaries on various parts of Scripture, many of Epistola ad Marcianum Imperatorem (ib. p. 95).
which are not extant.
(Evagrius, Hist. Eccl. ï. 4; Cave, Hist. Lit. vol.
The first edition of all the works of Eusebius i. ; Neander, l. c. and vol. ii. p. 959. ) {G. E. L. C. )
was published in Latin at Basle, in four volumes, EUSE'BIUS of Emisa, born of a noble family
ex variorum interpretatione, 1542, which reappear- at Edessa in Mesopotamia at the end of the third
ed at Paris in a more correct form, 1580. Since century. He was a man of considerable learning,
that time it has been usual to edit his works sepa- having received instructions from Eusebius of Cae-
rately, and the chief of these editions have been sareia and other teachers of high repute. He went
given with the account of each work.
to Alexandria, that he might avoid ordination, and
(See Cave, Script. Eccl. Hist. Lit. vol. i. ; Fabric. devote himself to philosophy, but afterwards re-
Bibl. Graec. vol. vii. c. 4; Neander, Kirchengesch- moved to Antioch, became intimate with Flaccillus,
ichte, vol. ii. p. 787, &c. ; Waddington, History of its bishop, and was ordained. At this time Atha-
the Church, ch. vi. ; Jortin, Eccl. Hist. iii. The nasius was deposed from the see of Alexandria,
last two contain interesting discussions on the re- and Eusebius of Nicomedeia, then bishop of Con-
ligious opinions of Eusebius. (G. E. L. C. ] stantinople, wished to instal his namesake into the
EUSEBIUS, of DORYLAEUM, born at the end vacant office. He wiscly declined the questionable
of the fifth century, began his public life as a lay- honour, knowing that the Alexandrians were too
man, and held an office about the imperial court of warmly attached to Athanasius to tolerate any
Constantinople, which gave him the title of Agens other patriarch. He accepted, however, the see of
in Rebus. One day, as Nestorius, then bishop of Emisa in Syria (the city from which Elagabalus
Constantinople, was preaching against the propriety had been chosen emperor by the soldiers); but on
of applying the term Ofotókos to the Virgin Mary, proceeding there to take possession, he was driven
and was maintaining at once the eternal genera- away by a tumultuous mob, who had heard a re-
tion of the divine Logos, and the human birth of port of his being a sorcerer, based upon the fact
the Man Jesus, a voice cried out, “ No, the Eternal that he was fond of astronomical studies. He fied
Word Himself submitted to the second birth. " A to Laodiceia, and lived with George, bishop of that
scene of great confusion followed, and an active place, by whose exertions he was afterwards re-
opposition to the Nestorian doctrine began. There stored to Emisa He was a great favourite with
is little doubt that the voice proceeded from Euse-| the emperor Constantius, whom he accompanied
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## p. 118 (#134) ############################################
118
EUSEBIUS.
EUSEBIUS.
on some military expeditions. He died at Antioch, He declined, however, to sign the anathema
about A. D. 360. His enemies accused him of which the council issued against Arius, though not,
Sabellianism, but the truth of the charge is denied as be says in the petition which he afterwards
by Sozomen (iii. 5). He wrote several books enu- presented to the bishops,“ because he differed from
merated by Jerome (de Script. 90), e. g. a treatise the doctrine as settled at Nicaea, but because he
against the Jews, Homilies, &c. Some homilies doubted whether Arius really held what the anathe-
on the Gospels, and about fifty on other subjects, ma imputed to him. " (Sozom. ii. 15. ) But very soon
are extant under his name; but they are probably after the council had broken up, Eusebius shewed
spurious, and of more recent date. They were a desire to revive the controversy, for which he
published at Paris, 1575, and at Antwerp, 1602. was deprived of his see and banished into Gaul.
Some of the homilies ascribed to Eusebius of Caesa- On this occasion Constantine addressed a letter to
reia, are attributed to this Eusebius. (G. E. L. C. ) the people of Nicomedeia, censuring their exiled
EUSEBIUS, MAGISTER SCRINIORUM, one of bishop in the strongest manner, as disaffected to
the commission of Nine appointed by Theodosius in his government, as the principal supporter of heresy,
A.
