On Easter Sunday,
Cethecus
was at Domnach-Sarige, and at other times, especially on Dominica in Albis, he officiated in Tirellil.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v6
— Article iv.
at the 20th of — in the aforesaid Calendar.
copy is the following stanza, translat—ed into
Kelly, p. xxvii. 2
English, by Whitley Stokes, LL. D.
°'lt ismarked. on the « Ordnance Townland Maps for the County of Wexford," sheets 7. 12. The townland proper is on sheet 12
Survey
* See "Letters containing Information re-
lative to the Antiquities of the County of Christ with true goodness ! along with whom
June, l
"" Article v. In the Leabhar Breac
r Uicur niaccan nunbdiU
"A blessing on the champion, who loved
:
LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
legious father to renounce the worship of the true God, that he was condemned
2
June 15. ]
673
by the judge Valerianus
to be beaten to death with rods, and that firm in
his purpose to die for Christ, his life was crowned with a glorious martyrdom. 3
Their sufferings took place, most probably in Sicily; although some historic
difficulties arise in reference to them, which are treated by the Bollandists,
who insert disquisitions concerning their history, and at great length, at this date. *
Article VI. —Reputed Festival of St. Wandelinus, Wandalius or Ladalinus, Confessor, Disciple of St. Columban. According to
man was son to Mordac, the sixtieth of King
David 1 this Camerarius,
holy
the Scuts. At first, he became the disciple and companion of St. Columban,3
during the exile of the latter. But, the foregoing account does not correspond
with received chronology, as Mordac, according to Lesley, began his reign, a. d. 716,terminatingita. d. 731. 3 Wherefore,asSt. Columbandieda. d. 615, it should be impossible, that a son of Mordac could have been his companion. There is a Waldolen, however, a disciple of St. Columban, and afterwards a companion of St. Walaric. 4 He was founder and first abbot of the monastery of Bezuensis, about the year 616. There is another Landelin, a Scot, vene- rated at the 22nd of September^ as also a Vindelin, commemorated as an Irish saint, at the 20th of October. 6 The Bollandists enter the feast of St.
Wandelin, Wandalinus, or Landalin, Confessor, at the 15th of June. ?
Article VII. —Festival of St. Psalmode or Saumav, Solitary in
Limousin, France. Already have we treated about St. Psalmodius, at the
13th of June, said to have been the day for his chief feast ; but, in the Proper
Office for Limoges, he is represented as having departed this life, on the 15th
1
of June.
Article VIII. —Reputed Feast of St. Conald, Abbot in England.
from Renatus Benedictus,1 we are informed, that Ferrarius has a festival for a St. Conaldus, an Abbot in England. The Bollandists,2 who notice this feast at the 15th of June, state, that they had editions of that work for the years 1593 and 1601, without any mention of a Conaldus, nor did they
went a host with great valour, Vitus the num. lx. , pp. 165 to 167.
marvellous child. "—"Transactions of the 4 His festival occurs at the 1st day of Royal Irish Academy," Irish Manuscript April, at which date the Bollandists give
Quoting
Series, vol. i. , part i. On the Calendar of
Oengus, p. xciv.
2 He 'is said to have presided, during the
rei<m of the Emperors Diocletian and Maxi-
his Acts, in which the foregoing account is contained. See "Acta Sanctorum, tomusi. , Aprilis i. De Sancto Walarico, pp. 14 to 30.
s See an account of him at that day.
6 See an account of him at that date. He
m
xv. De Sanctis Martyribus Siculis, Vito, writers.
i°n
3 s'ee ibid. , p. cii.
is venerated at Treves, in Rhenish Prussia,
< See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus ii. , Junii according to Arnold Wion and other
Modesto, Crescentia, iisdemque vel aliis Vito et Modesto, Roma: passis et cis atque trans Alpes cultis. " There is a Commenta- rius Pramus, in three sections and thirty- two paragraphs, with various accounts sue-
ceeding, pp. 1013 to 1042. Articlevi. —• InhisScottishMeno-
logy
•See his Life, at the 21st of November. 3 See "De Origine, Moribus et Rebus Gestis Scotorum," Libri Decern, lib. iiii.
'See "Acta Sanctorum, tomus 11. , Junii xv. Among the pretermitted saints,
p. 1012.
Article vii. — ' See Les Petits Bollan-
distes' " Vies des Saints, tome vii. , xv e Jour
60.
Articleviii. — InhisFrenchLivesof
the Saints.
2 See " Acta Sanctorum,' tomus n. ,
Junii xv. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 1010.
dejuin. p.
»
674 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [June 16.
find him among the saints of England. They remark, moreover, that the Irish had several holy men, named Conald and Conall, although they could not find any such saint, at this date, in the Calendars.
^fjrteentl) ©ay of 3mw,
ARTICLE I. —ST. CETHIG, OR CETHACH, BISHOP OF CILL GARADH, OR ORAN, COUNTY OF ROSCOMMON, AND OF DOMIINACH SAIRIGII, IN CIANACHTA, COUNTY OF MEATH.
[FIFTH CENTURY. ]
fame of a great master naturally overshadows that of his less dis-
Patrick's disciples, we meet with Cethecus or Cethiacus. On the 16th of
June, in the Maiurology of Tallagh,' \\e find the simple entry, Cethig, Bishop of St. Patrick. In like manner, Mai ianus O'Gorman treats of him. According to received accounts, his father was a Meath man, from Domnach- Sarige, near Duleek. He is said to have been of the race called Say, who lived in the territory ofCianachta, in Magh-Breagh, of Meath. This, too, comprised Domlmach Sairighe, which must have been near Duleek,2 the old name for which was Damhliag-Chianain. His mother was of a Tirellil family. He was bom, too, in that part of the country. This is now a barony, in the county of Sligo, 3 and originally it signified the territory or land of Oilell. * Cethach is classed as one of St. Patrick's disciples. ' The Irish Apostle is said to have selected Cetchen, when he had come into the territory ot Hua-
6
Noella, where, in a place called Donihacha, he erected a church called Sen-
cheall Damhaighe,' in which he left Cetchen, as also other disciples. Colgan thought that Ceihemis was the same as Cethecus. 8 This conjecture, how-
ever, is clearly inadmissible. ^ They are mentioned distinctly, in the Tripar-
THE To this cause is
tinguished disciples. mainly owing, perhaps,
the few indications we now have of many worthy labourers in our early church. This Cethecus, however, is well known in the Irish Calendars, and he is said to have lived contemporaneously with our celebrated Irish Apostle, St. Patrick, by whom it seems probable he was baptized. He was born most likely, in the early part of the fifth century. Thus, in Tirechan's list of St.
tite
Life,
10 and the former is not called a are
bishop. They distinguished
Article i. — '
Kelly, p. xxvii.
a See Rev. A.
John O'Dubhagain and Giolla na Naomh andn. 8.
Edited by Rev. Dr.
6 The English meaning for this is The Mounds.
Now Shankill, south of immediately
Elphin, in the barony and county of Ros- common. See " The Life of St. Patrick,
"Diocese of Meath, Anciont and Modern," vol. i. , chap, i. ,
Cogan's
n. , p. 6.
3 See "The Topographical Poems of Apostle of Ireland," by M. F. Cusack, p. 403,
U'lluidhrin," edited by John O'Donovan, LL. D. , p. xxwi. , n, 254.
* See Roderick O'Flaheity's "Ogygia," pars iii. , cap. lxxix. , j>. 374.
5 See Colgan*! "Trias Thaumaturga," Septum Vita S. l'atricii, lib. ii. , cap. xli. , p. 135. Also Quinta Appendix ad Acta S. Patricii, cap. xxiii. , p. 267.
8
See "Trias Thaumaturga," nn. 81, 82, 83, p. 176. Also Quinta Appendix ad Acta S. Patricii, cap. xxiu. , p. 267.
'See Rev. Dr. I. anigan's "Ecclesiastical
History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, v. , sect.
x. , p. 244, and n. 87, p. 246.
,0
See Colgan's "Trias Thaumaturga," Vita Tripartita S. Patricii, lib. ii. , cap. xli.
June 16. ]
LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
675
alsoinTirechan'slistj onebythenameofCetennus,andtheotherbythatof Cethiacus. The latter is called Patrick's bishop, that is, suffragan of St. Patrick. He is said to have been employed as bishop, and in various places far distant from each other. Thus, he officiated at Domnach
11 in his father's country, as also at a place called Ath-da-Laarg, in his maternal and natal country.
On Easter Sunday, Cethecus was at Domnach-Sarige, and at other times, especially on Dominica in Albis, he officiated in Tirellil. 12 In this statement, there is nothingimprobable. Cethecus could not have been a bishop probably before a. d. 440. But, it is very natural to suppose, that St. Patrick wanted the assistance of some bishops, unattached to any fixed Sees, that they might ordain priests and attend to other episcopal duties, when he could not conveniently act in their distant places. It has been stated, that St. Patrick
1 visited Hy-Many, a district, partly in Roscommon, but chiefly in Galway. ^
While St. Patrick was in Connaught, he founded a church, at a place after-
wards called otherwise Kill-Garadh,
1 * now 1 * to Gran, owing
Huaran-Garadh,
the circumstance of his having produced from the earth a. cold and bubbling
spring well. 16 Here it was destined, that one of a band of brothers from
France, and who were disciples of St. Patrick, should remain. While hearing
about the progress made by their countrymen in Ireland, and considering the
unhappy state of disturbance prevailing in many parts of Gaul, in those times, it is not to be wondered at, if some persons from that country might have
come over to our island, as to a place of greater peace and security. In the
Litany of ^Engus, invocations of Gaelic saints, whose remains were in various
parts of Ireland, are to be found. 1 ? It is more probable, however, that the
greatest part of these pilgrims did not come over to Ireland, until several years
later than this 18 Over the church of Cill Garadh, a St. or period. Cethogus
Cethecus is said to have presided, in the fifth century ; but, for this statement,
wedonotseemtohaveverysatisfactoryevidence. OneoftheIrishround
towers yet remains at Oran, a parish in the barony of Ballymoe, and county of Roscommon. It is only asserted, that Cethecus was buried in Kill-garadh, or Oran. But, it does not thence follow, that he was bishop of Oran, as Archdall says. '9 It would appear, there was a place bearing this name, in the territory of Hy-Many,20 which embraced a great part of the southern and
and xlviii. , pp. 135, 136.
"
Said to be Donaghseery, near Duleek, county of Meath.
12 Thus in Ath-da-Laarg, he was assisted by Com°elIanus during his ministrations. The latter is said to have been one of his dis-
If he had a feast, however, his edited by John O'Donovan, Additional identity has not been ascertained among Notes, Note B, 25, p. 145- „ several saints of the name mentioned in our "? See Colgan's "Trias 1 haumaturga, Calendars. See Colgan's "Trias Thauma- Septima Vita S. Patncn, nn. 98, 99, 100, turga," Septima Vita S. Patricii, lib. ii. ,
xlviii. and n. 92, p. i 77-
ciples.
cap
vol. v. , sect. I. , chap,
'9", at See Monasticon Hibernicum,
Oran, p. 617.
-Thisis stated,ina oftheBook fragment
of Hy-Many, preserved
Trinity College, Dublin, and cla seel
p 136, " « See Rev. Dr. Lanigan's
, „r? ,
l8 Dr Lanigan's "Ecclesiastical
Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, v. , sect.
x. , and nn. 87, 90, p. 246.
»4 Said to have been the parish church of
Oranmore. inthedeaneryof Athenry. anddio-
History of Ireland,
cese of Tuam
;
greater probability,
that it was a place called
H2
or, as Colgan thinks, and with
in he Libra,y of
Huaran Hichlabaith, in the territory of Sil-
muiredhuigh, in the diocese of Elphin. See
"Trias Thaumaturga," Septima Vita S.
Patricii, lib. ii. , capr. 1. . , p. 136, and n. IOI,
-
7- It c"rs %
'
p I7
I5 In the,
of Roscommon.
p. \77- „. '- . See Rev-
• a~,i
x. , n. 89, p. 246.
county
Sarige,
l6 Another
has been styled the angelic Oran, m an Irish poem, addressed to Eoghan O'Madden, chief of Siol-Anmchadha or South Hy-Many. See " The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many,
Oran,
in the of Galway, county
\&u Li. « at p. 190. M-T«fc«. «nH
n
Eoghan O'Madden, chief of Sil Anmchada,
2I See O'Donovan
sT. bes and
? r.
Customs of Hy-Many, Introductory
Ke-
676 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [June 16.
21
2 bishop's death is not known. Bishop Cethechus is said to have been buried *
in the parish church of Kill-garadh, or Oian,25 and there his relics were after-
wards preserved. To it, many pilgrimages continued to be made, down to the
close of the last 26 The name of this man also, in the century. holy appears,
There was also a Cill Garadh" in Scotland. Oran was nothing more than a parish church,** and should not have been placed among the Irish monasteries. The date for this holy
eastern part of the county of Galway.
of Martyrology Donegal
2? at the same date, as Cethach, Patrick's of Bishop,
Cill Garadh, in the territory of Ui Maine, and of Domhnach Sairighe in Cian- achta, at Daimhliac Cianan. He was, it is said, of the Cianachta. The Life of
for the statements. Under the foregoing
Patrick 28 is 99 as quoted,
authority
head of Domhnach Sairighe, Duald Mac Firbis enters Cethach, bishop, at
June 16th;30 and, at the same date, under the head of Daimhlaig, Duald
Mac Firbis again enters, Cethech, bishop, from Domnach-Sairighe, at Daimh-
Cianain. 31 More than the we cannot discover, in reference to laig foregoing
this primitive bishop.
Article II. —St. Berthold, or Bertaud, Hermit, at Chaumont-
Pokcien, Champagne, France. [Fifth and Sixth Centuries. '] The present holy recluse has obtained great veneration in the north-eastern parts of France, to which as a pious pilgrim he proceeded from Scotia. An ancient Office,' which seems to have been used in the church of the Premonstratenses at Chaumont, and once preserved among the archives of that place, was used* by Father Daniel Papebroke for the Acts of our saint. These are supposed, by that Father, not to have been older than the eleventh or twelfth century. 3 A Breviary* of the Metropolitan Church of Rheims also contains an office for St. Berthaldus, Confessor and Abbot, with an office of three Lessons, the third being specially devoted to his Life, at the 16th day of June. In his History of Rheims, Dom Guilelmus Marlot has special reference to St. Ber- thaldus;S while,inthiswork,thereareparticularsrelatedregardinghim,and
marks, p. 7.
* See Dr. O'Donovan's "Annals of the
Four Masters," vol. i. , where the death of Tinmen, of Cill-Garadh in Scotland, is com- memorated at A. D. 726, pp. 322 to 325.
Lessons, relating to St. Berthold, in the Matins for his Feast and its Octave.
2
It was furnished to Papebroke, by Rev. Father Casimir Oudin, a Premonstratcn- sian.
3 It is he thinks, were even possible, they
later, and they seem to have been compiled simply from popular tradition, running down
23 See Rev. Dr.
" Ecclesiastical
Lanigan's
History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, v. , sect.
x. , n. 88, p. 246.
Colgan's
Thaumaturga,"
previous.
" Trias
24 See
Septima Vita S. Patricii, lib. ii. f cap. li. , p. 136.
's See ibid. , chap. x\i. , pp. 127. uN.
36 See Ajrchdall's "Mooasdcon Uiberni-
cum," p. 617.
27 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
170, 171.
38
Lib. ii. , chap. 49, 52.
*9 In a note, Dr. Reeves says at this refer-
ence, chap. 49, 52 : "In Colgan's division, the numbers are 48 and 51. Trias Th. ,
p. 136-"
30 See "Proceedings of the Royal Irish
Academy," Irish Manuscript Series, vol. i. , part i. , pp. 106, 107.
from five to six centuries
31 NowDuleek,countyofMeath. Article 11. — » It consisted of
Six
*
Thiswas
in the
year 1630. by authority of Louis de Lotharingia, Arch- bishop of Rheims, with the consent of his
Chapter.
s . See "Metropolis Remensis Historia. a
Flodorado primum auctius digesta, uenuim aliunde aceersitis plurimum aucta et illus- trata, et ad nostrum hoc SSecolum fVteliter deducta," lib. ii. , cap. xvi. The first volume of this work was printed at Lille, under the author's revision ; the second only appeared iu 1079) at Rheims, and after his death, which occurred on the 7th of October, 1667. See Michaud's "Biographic Univcrselle Ancienne et Moderne," tome xxvii. , pp.
16, 17.
6 In the Frontispiece to this biography are
printed
June 16. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
677
which are not to be met with in the ancient office. F. J. Lietau wrote a Life of the present saint, in the French language, and which was printed at
Rheims, in 1 634. 6 The Acts of St. Berthold, together with those of St.
Amand, are inserted for this day, in the great Bollandist collection. 7 These
are contained in a historical commentary of four sections, including thirty- seven paragraphs, and they are edited by Father Daniel Papebroke. Accord- ing to his ancient 8 and more modern 9 Proper Office, St. Berthald or Ber- tholdwasthesonofaScottishKingnamedTheoldus. 10 Hismotherisnamed Bertha. He is said to have been born XI in Scotia, where he was instructed in the humanities or in secular learning, from his most tender years, while he was brought up in the Christian religion and piously educated. He was mor- tified in all his desires and practices. He often meditated on the passion of our Lord Jesus Christ ; and, from this habit, he applied to himself the Apostle's words, that as he suffered for us, so should we imitate his example, and follow in his footsteps. At length, he felt a great longing to visit those holy places, where his Divine Master had borne such a weight of hardships and labours to redeem mankind, and which He completed by His death on the cross. As Berthold progressed daily in the love of God, so he resolved to sacrifice the advantages of birth to the call of Heaven, and accordingly, he communicated to a young companion, named Amandus, his intention of leaving Scotia for a more distant country. This youth was also a faithful ser- vant of Christ, and he agreed to share that lot in exile. Thus leaving their family, friends and native country, after many trials and toils during a long journey, both arrived in France, when they travelled towards Champagne, and there they rested in a place, known as Portien. In that part of the country, there was a mountain, called Mons Calvus," and at present the place is denominated Chaumont. At that time, it was infested with venemous serpents and other reptiles, while people believed that the outcries of demons were often heard from its heights. Thither the two travellers repaired, and then taking some stakes and brambles, they constructed an humble dwelling.
at the 20th of — in the aforesaid Calendar.
copy is the following stanza, translat—ed into
Kelly, p. xxvii. 2
English, by Whitley Stokes, LL. D.
°'lt ismarked. on the « Ordnance Townland Maps for the County of Wexford," sheets 7. 12. The townland proper is on sheet 12
Survey
* See "Letters containing Information re-
lative to the Antiquities of the County of Christ with true goodness ! along with whom
June, l
"" Article v. In the Leabhar Breac
r Uicur niaccan nunbdiU
"A blessing on the champion, who loved
:
LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
legious father to renounce the worship of the true God, that he was condemned
2
June 15. ]
673
by the judge Valerianus
to be beaten to death with rods, and that firm in
his purpose to die for Christ, his life was crowned with a glorious martyrdom. 3
Their sufferings took place, most probably in Sicily; although some historic
difficulties arise in reference to them, which are treated by the Bollandists,
who insert disquisitions concerning their history, and at great length, at this date. *
Article VI. —Reputed Festival of St. Wandelinus, Wandalius or Ladalinus, Confessor, Disciple of St. Columban. According to
man was son to Mordac, the sixtieth of King
David 1 this Camerarius,
holy
the Scuts. At first, he became the disciple and companion of St. Columban,3
during the exile of the latter. But, the foregoing account does not correspond
with received chronology, as Mordac, according to Lesley, began his reign, a. d. 716,terminatingita. d. 731. 3 Wherefore,asSt. Columbandieda. d. 615, it should be impossible, that a son of Mordac could have been his companion. There is a Waldolen, however, a disciple of St. Columban, and afterwards a companion of St. Walaric. 4 He was founder and first abbot of the monastery of Bezuensis, about the year 616. There is another Landelin, a Scot, vene- rated at the 22nd of September^ as also a Vindelin, commemorated as an Irish saint, at the 20th of October. 6 The Bollandists enter the feast of St.
Wandelin, Wandalinus, or Landalin, Confessor, at the 15th of June. ?
Article VII. —Festival of St. Psalmode or Saumav, Solitary in
Limousin, France. Already have we treated about St. Psalmodius, at the
13th of June, said to have been the day for his chief feast ; but, in the Proper
Office for Limoges, he is represented as having departed this life, on the 15th
1
of June.
Article VIII. —Reputed Feast of St. Conald, Abbot in England.
from Renatus Benedictus,1 we are informed, that Ferrarius has a festival for a St. Conaldus, an Abbot in England. The Bollandists,2 who notice this feast at the 15th of June, state, that they had editions of that work for the years 1593 and 1601, without any mention of a Conaldus, nor did they
went a host with great valour, Vitus the num. lx. , pp. 165 to 167.
marvellous child. "—"Transactions of the 4 His festival occurs at the 1st day of Royal Irish Academy," Irish Manuscript April, at which date the Bollandists give
Quoting
Series, vol. i. , part i. On the Calendar of
Oengus, p. xciv.
2 He 'is said to have presided, during the
rei<m of the Emperors Diocletian and Maxi-
his Acts, in which the foregoing account is contained. See "Acta Sanctorum, tomusi. , Aprilis i. De Sancto Walarico, pp. 14 to 30.
s See an account of him at that day.
6 See an account of him at that date. He
m
xv. De Sanctis Martyribus Siculis, Vito, writers.
i°n
3 s'ee ibid. , p. cii.
is venerated at Treves, in Rhenish Prussia,
< See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus ii. , Junii according to Arnold Wion and other
Modesto, Crescentia, iisdemque vel aliis Vito et Modesto, Roma: passis et cis atque trans Alpes cultis. " There is a Commenta- rius Pramus, in three sections and thirty- two paragraphs, with various accounts sue-
ceeding, pp. 1013 to 1042. Articlevi. —• InhisScottishMeno-
logy
•See his Life, at the 21st of November. 3 See "De Origine, Moribus et Rebus Gestis Scotorum," Libri Decern, lib. iiii.
'See "Acta Sanctorum, tomus 11. , Junii xv. Among the pretermitted saints,
p. 1012.
Article vii. — ' See Les Petits Bollan-
distes' " Vies des Saints, tome vii. , xv e Jour
60.
Articleviii. — InhisFrenchLivesof
the Saints.
2 See " Acta Sanctorum,' tomus n. ,
Junii xv. Among the pretermitted saints, p. 1010.
dejuin. p.
»
674 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [June 16.
find him among the saints of England. They remark, moreover, that the Irish had several holy men, named Conald and Conall, although they could not find any such saint, at this date, in the Calendars.
^fjrteentl) ©ay of 3mw,
ARTICLE I. —ST. CETHIG, OR CETHACH, BISHOP OF CILL GARADH, OR ORAN, COUNTY OF ROSCOMMON, AND OF DOMIINACH SAIRIGII, IN CIANACHTA, COUNTY OF MEATH.
[FIFTH CENTURY. ]
fame of a great master naturally overshadows that of his less dis-
Patrick's disciples, we meet with Cethecus or Cethiacus. On the 16th of
June, in the Maiurology of Tallagh,' \\e find the simple entry, Cethig, Bishop of St. Patrick. In like manner, Mai ianus O'Gorman treats of him. According to received accounts, his father was a Meath man, from Domnach- Sarige, near Duleek. He is said to have been of the race called Say, who lived in the territory ofCianachta, in Magh-Breagh, of Meath. This, too, comprised Domlmach Sairighe, which must have been near Duleek,2 the old name for which was Damhliag-Chianain. His mother was of a Tirellil family. He was bom, too, in that part of the country. This is now a barony, in the county of Sligo, 3 and originally it signified the territory or land of Oilell. * Cethach is classed as one of St. Patrick's disciples. ' The Irish Apostle is said to have selected Cetchen, when he had come into the territory ot Hua-
6
Noella, where, in a place called Donihacha, he erected a church called Sen-
cheall Damhaighe,' in which he left Cetchen, as also other disciples. Colgan thought that Ceihemis was the same as Cethecus. 8 This conjecture, how-
ever, is clearly inadmissible. ^ They are mentioned distinctly, in the Tripar-
THE To this cause is
tinguished disciples. mainly owing, perhaps,
the few indications we now have of many worthy labourers in our early church. This Cethecus, however, is well known in the Irish Calendars, and he is said to have lived contemporaneously with our celebrated Irish Apostle, St. Patrick, by whom it seems probable he was baptized. He was born most likely, in the early part of the fifth century. Thus, in Tirechan's list of St.
tite
Life,
10 and the former is not called a are
bishop. They distinguished
Article i. — '
Kelly, p. xxvii.
a See Rev. A.
John O'Dubhagain and Giolla na Naomh andn. 8.
Edited by Rev. Dr.
6 The English meaning for this is The Mounds.
Now Shankill, south of immediately
Elphin, in the barony and county of Ros- common. See " The Life of St. Patrick,
"Diocese of Meath, Anciont and Modern," vol. i. , chap, i. ,
Cogan's
n. , p. 6.
3 See "The Topographical Poems of Apostle of Ireland," by M. F. Cusack, p. 403,
U'lluidhrin," edited by John O'Donovan, LL. D. , p. xxwi. , n, 254.
* See Roderick O'Flaheity's "Ogygia," pars iii. , cap. lxxix. , j>. 374.
5 See Colgan*! "Trias Thaumaturga," Septum Vita S. l'atricii, lib. ii. , cap. xli. , p. 135. Also Quinta Appendix ad Acta S. Patricii, cap. xxiii. , p. 267.
8
See "Trias Thaumaturga," nn. 81, 82, 83, p. 176. Also Quinta Appendix ad Acta S. Patricii, cap. xxiu. , p. 267.
'See Rev. Dr. I. anigan's "Ecclesiastical
History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, v. , sect.
x. , p. 244, and n. 87, p. 246.
,0
See Colgan's "Trias Thaumaturga," Vita Tripartita S. Patricii, lib. ii. , cap. xli.
June 16. ]
LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
675
alsoinTirechan'slistj onebythenameofCetennus,andtheotherbythatof Cethiacus. The latter is called Patrick's bishop, that is, suffragan of St. Patrick. He is said to have been employed as bishop, and in various places far distant from each other. Thus, he officiated at Domnach
11 in his father's country, as also at a place called Ath-da-Laarg, in his maternal and natal country.
On Easter Sunday, Cethecus was at Domnach-Sarige, and at other times, especially on Dominica in Albis, he officiated in Tirellil. 12 In this statement, there is nothingimprobable. Cethecus could not have been a bishop probably before a. d. 440. But, it is very natural to suppose, that St. Patrick wanted the assistance of some bishops, unattached to any fixed Sees, that they might ordain priests and attend to other episcopal duties, when he could not conveniently act in their distant places. It has been stated, that St. Patrick
1 visited Hy-Many, a district, partly in Roscommon, but chiefly in Galway. ^
While St. Patrick was in Connaught, he founded a church, at a place after-
wards called otherwise Kill-Garadh,
1 * now 1 * to Gran, owing
Huaran-Garadh,
the circumstance of his having produced from the earth a. cold and bubbling
spring well. 16 Here it was destined, that one of a band of brothers from
France, and who were disciples of St. Patrick, should remain. While hearing
about the progress made by their countrymen in Ireland, and considering the
unhappy state of disturbance prevailing in many parts of Gaul, in those times, it is not to be wondered at, if some persons from that country might have
come over to our island, as to a place of greater peace and security. In the
Litany of ^Engus, invocations of Gaelic saints, whose remains were in various
parts of Ireland, are to be found. 1 ? It is more probable, however, that the
greatest part of these pilgrims did not come over to Ireland, until several years
later than this 18 Over the church of Cill Garadh, a St. or period. Cethogus
Cethecus is said to have presided, in the fifth century ; but, for this statement,
wedonotseemtohaveverysatisfactoryevidence. OneoftheIrishround
towers yet remains at Oran, a parish in the barony of Ballymoe, and county of Roscommon. It is only asserted, that Cethecus was buried in Kill-garadh, or Oran. But, it does not thence follow, that he was bishop of Oran, as Archdall says. '9 It would appear, there was a place bearing this name, in the territory of Hy-Many,20 which embraced a great part of the southern and
and xlviii. , pp. 135, 136.
"
Said to be Donaghseery, near Duleek, county of Meath.
12 Thus in Ath-da-Laarg, he was assisted by Com°elIanus during his ministrations. The latter is said to have been one of his dis-
If he had a feast, however, his edited by John O'Donovan, Additional identity has not been ascertained among Notes, Note B, 25, p. 145- „ several saints of the name mentioned in our "? See Colgan's "Trias 1 haumaturga, Calendars. See Colgan's "Trias Thauma- Septima Vita S. Patncn, nn. 98, 99, 100, turga," Septima Vita S. Patricii, lib. ii. ,
xlviii. and n. 92, p. i 77-
ciples.
cap
vol. v. , sect. I. , chap,
'9", at See Monasticon Hibernicum,
Oran, p. 617.
-Thisis stated,ina oftheBook fragment
of Hy-Many, preserved
Trinity College, Dublin, and cla seel
p 136, " « See Rev. Dr. Lanigan's
, „r? ,
l8 Dr Lanigan's "Ecclesiastical
Ecclesiastical History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, v. , sect.
x. , and nn. 87, 90, p. 246.
»4 Said to have been the parish church of
Oranmore. inthedeaneryof Athenry. anddio-
History of Ireland,
cese of Tuam
;
greater probability,
that it was a place called
H2
or, as Colgan thinks, and with
in he Libra,y of
Huaran Hichlabaith, in the territory of Sil-
muiredhuigh, in the diocese of Elphin. See
"Trias Thaumaturga," Septima Vita S.
Patricii, lib. ii. , capr. 1. . , p. 136, and n. IOI,
-
7- It c"rs %
'
p I7
I5 In the,
of Roscommon.
p. \77- „. '- . See Rev-
• a~,i
x. , n. 89, p. 246.
county
Sarige,
l6 Another
has been styled the angelic Oran, m an Irish poem, addressed to Eoghan O'Madden, chief of Siol-Anmchadha or South Hy-Many. See " The Tribes and Customs of Hy-Many,
Oran,
in the of Galway, county
\&u Li. « at p. 190. M-T«fc«. «nH
n
Eoghan O'Madden, chief of Sil Anmchada,
2I See O'Donovan
sT. bes and
? r.
Customs of Hy-Many, Introductory
Ke-
676 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [June 16.
21
2 bishop's death is not known. Bishop Cethechus is said to have been buried *
in the parish church of Kill-garadh, or Oian,25 and there his relics were after-
wards preserved. To it, many pilgrimages continued to be made, down to the
close of the last 26 The name of this man also, in the century. holy appears,
There was also a Cill Garadh" in Scotland. Oran was nothing more than a parish church,** and should not have been placed among the Irish monasteries. The date for this holy
eastern part of the county of Galway.
of Martyrology Donegal
2? at the same date, as Cethach, Patrick's of Bishop,
Cill Garadh, in the territory of Ui Maine, and of Domhnach Sairighe in Cian- achta, at Daimhliac Cianan. He was, it is said, of the Cianachta. The Life of
for the statements. Under the foregoing
Patrick 28 is 99 as quoted,
authority
head of Domhnach Sairighe, Duald Mac Firbis enters Cethach, bishop, at
June 16th;30 and, at the same date, under the head of Daimhlaig, Duald
Mac Firbis again enters, Cethech, bishop, from Domnach-Sairighe, at Daimh-
Cianain. 31 More than the we cannot discover, in reference to laig foregoing
this primitive bishop.
Article II. —St. Berthold, or Bertaud, Hermit, at Chaumont-
Pokcien, Champagne, France. [Fifth and Sixth Centuries. '] The present holy recluse has obtained great veneration in the north-eastern parts of France, to which as a pious pilgrim he proceeded from Scotia. An ancient Office,' which seems to have been used in the church of the Premonstratenses at Chaumont, and once preserved among the archives of that place, was used* by Father Daniel Papebroke for the Acts of our saint. These are supposed, by that Father, not to have been older than the eleventh or twelfth century. 3 A Breviary* of the Metropolitan Church of Rheims also contains an office for St. Berthaldus, Confessor and Abbot, with an office of three Lessons, the third being specially devoted to his Life, at the 16th day of June. In his History of Rheims, Dom Guilelmus Marlot has special reference to St. Ber- thaldus;S while,inthiswork,thereareparticularsrelatedregardinghim,and
marks, p. 7.
* See Dr. O'Donovan's "Annals of the
Four Masters," vol. i. , where the death of Tinmen, of Cill-Garadh in Scotland, is com- memorated at A. D. 726, pp. 322 to 325.
Lessons, relating to St. Berthold, in the Matins for his Feast and its Octave.
2
It was furnished to Papebroke, by Rev. Father Casimir Oudin, a Premonstratcn- sian.
3 It is he thinks, were even possible, they
later, and they seem to have been compiled simply from popular tradition, running down
23 See Rev. Dr.
" Ecclesiastical
Lanigan's
History of Ireland," vol. i. , chap, v. , sect.
x. , n. 88, p. 246.
Colgan's
Thaumaturga,"
previous.
" Trias
24 See
Septima Vita S. Patricii, lib. ii. f cap. li. , p. 136.
's See ibid. , chap. x\i. , pp. 127. uN.
36 See Ajrchdall's "Mooasdcon Uiberni-
cum," p. 617.
27 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
170, 171.
38
Lib. ii. , chap. 49, 52.
*9 In a note, Dr. Reeves says at this refer-
ence, chap. 49, 52 : "In Colgan's division, the numbers are 48 and 51. Trias Th. ,
p. 136-"
30 See "Proceedings of the Royal Irish
Academy," Irish Manuscript Series, vol. i. , part i. , pp. 106, 107.
from five to six centuries
31 NowDuleek,countyofMeath. Article 11. — » It consisted of
Six
*
Thiswas
in the
year 1630. by authority of Louis de Lotharingia, Arch- bishop of Rheims, with the consent of his
Chapter.
s . See "Metropolis Remensis Historia. a
Flodorado primum auctius digesta, uenuim aliunde aceersitis plurimum aucta et illus- trata, et ad nostrum hoc SSecolum fVteliter deducta," lib. ii. , cap. xvi. The first volume of this work was printed at Lille, under the author's revision ; the second only appeared iu 1079) at Rheims, and after his death, which occurred on the 7th of October, 1667. See Michaud's "Biographic Univcrselle Ancienne et Moderne," tome xxvii. , pp.
16, 17.
6 In the Frontispiece to this biography are
printed
June 16. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
677
which are not to be met with in the ancient office. F. J. Lietau wrote a Life of the present saint, in the French language, and which was printed at
Rheims, in 1 634. 6 The Acts of St. Berthold, together with those of St.
Amand, are inserted for this day, in the great Bollandist collection. 7 These
are contained in a historical commentary of four sections, including thirty- seven paragraphs, and they are edited by Father Daniel Papebroke. Accord- ing to his ancient 8 and more modern 9 Proper Office, St. Berthald or Ber- tholdwasthesonofaScottishKingnamedTheoldus. 10 Hismotherisnamed Bertha. He is said to have been born XI in Scotia, where he was instructed in the humanities or in secular learning, from his most tender years, while he was brought up in the Christian religion and piously educated. He was mor- tified in all his desires and practices. He often meditated on the passion of our Lord Jesus Christ ; and, from this habit, he applied to himself the Apostle's words, that as he suffered for us, so should we imitate his example, and follow in his footsteps. At length, he felt a great longing to visit those holy places, where his Divine Master had borne such a weight of hardships and labours to redeem mankind, and which He completed by His death on the cross. As Berthold progressed daily in the love of God, so he resolved to sacrifice the advantages of birth to the call of Heaven, and accordingly, he communicated to a young companion, named Amandus, his intention of leaving Scotia for a more distant country. This youth was also a faithful ser- vant of Christ, and he agreed to share that lot in exile. Thus leaving their family, friends and native country, after many trials and toils during a long journey, both arrived in France, when they travelled towards Champagne, and there they rested in a place, known as Portien. In that part of the country, there was a mountain, called Mons Calvus," and at present the place is denominated Chaumont. At that time, it was infested with venemous serpents and other reptiles, while people believed that the outcries of demons were often heard from its heights. Thither the two travellers repaired, and then taking some stakes and brambles, they constructed an humble dwelling.
