Mysore, 1911, [An
analysis
of information contained in the Jatak].
Cambridge History of India - v1
Ed.
V.
Trenckner.
London, 1880.
- Trans. T. W. Rhys Davids. S. B. E. XXXV, Xxxvi. Oxford, 1890-4.
Peta-vatthu. Ed. Minayef.
Ed. Minayef. P. T. S. London, 1888.
- Commentary. Ed. E. Hardy. P. T. S. London, 1901.
Samanta-pāsädikā, commentary on the Vinaya. Part of the Introduction
ed. H. Oldenberg in Vinaya III.
Samyutta Nikāya. Ed. Léon Feer and Mrs Rhys Davids. P. T. S. London,
1884-1904.
Sumangala-vilāsini, commentary on the Digha. Ed. Rhys Davids. P. T. S.
London, 1886.
Sutta Nipāta, Ed. D. Andersen and H. Smith. P. T. S. London, 1913.
--Trans. V. Fausbõll. S. B. E. X 2nd edn. Oxford. 1898.
Thera-gāthā. Ed. H. Oldenberg. P. T. S. London, 1883.
- Trans. : Psalms of the Brethren, by Mrs Rhys Davids. P. T S. London,
1913.
- Commentary. Not yet edited.
Theri-gāthā. Ed. R. Pischel. P. T. S. London, 1883.
.
---Trans. : Psalms of the Sisters, by Mrs Rhys Davids. P. T. S. London,
1909.
--Commentary. Ed. E. Müller. P. T. S. London, 1893.
>
## p. 603 (#641) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTER VII
603
Udāna. Ed. P. Steinthal. P. T. S. London, 1885.
.
-- Trans. D. M. Strong. London. 1902.
Vimāna-vatthu. Ed. E. R. Goonaratne. P. T. S. London, 1886.
Vinaya. Ed. H. Oldenberg. London, 1879-83.
Vinay Texts. Trans. Rhys Davids and H. Oldenberg. S. B. E. XIII, XVII,
xx Oxford, 1881-5.
>
2. SUMMARIES.
The historical information afforded by these original authorities is collec-
ted and discussed by T. W. Rhys Davids, Buddhist India (London, 1903).
The summary (supra, pp. 170-5) of the known facts as to the age of the
early Pāli literature is there stated with the utmost brevity. For longer
accounts see Rh. D. , Buddhist India, pp. 140-209; Dialogues of the Buddha,
I, IX-XX, and 11, 70-7 ; Winternitz, Gesch. d. Ind. Lit I, II, 17-139. Olden-
berg's introduction to Vinaya Texts, S. B. E. XIII (1881) is still the best
critical discussion of the growth of the Vinaya literature. A similar study
of the growth of the Abhidhamma is much required. Steps towards such
a study have been taken by Mrs. Rhys Davids in Buddhist Psychology
(London, 1914), chap. vii, pp. 134-55.
## p. 604 (#642) ############################################
604
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTER VIII
CHAPTER VIII
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO EARLY
BUDDHIST LITERATURE
1. ORIGINAL SOURCES.
1
See Bibl. to Ch. VII.
For the Sanskrit law-books see S. B. E. II (Gautama), xiv. (Vasishtha,
Baudhayana), xxv (Manu).
2. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL.
1
1
The following works deal with economic and social conditions in ancient
India :
Fick, R. Die sociale Gliederung im nordöstlichen Indiaen zu Buddha's
Ziet Kiel, 1897.
Rhys Davids, Mrs C. A. F. Economic conditions in ancient India. Econo-
mic Jour. , Sept. 1901.
-- Notes on early economic conditions in Northern India. J. R. A. S. , Oct.
1901.
[With fuller details on money and the consumption of wealth. )
Rhys Davids, Buddhist India ; see Bibl. to Ch. VII, 2.
Subba Rao, N. S. Economic and political conditions in ancient India.
Mysore, 1911, [An analysis of information contained in the Jatak].
1
## p. 605 (#643) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTERS IX-XII
605
CHAPTERS IX-XII
THE PERIOD OF THE SŪTRAS, EPICS, AND LAW. BOOKS ;
FAMILY LIFE AND SOCIAL CUSTOMS AS THEY APPEAR
IN THE SŪTRAS ; THE PRINCES AND PEOPLES OF THE
EPIC POEMS ; THE GROWTH OF LAW AND LEGAL INSTI-
TUTIONS
1. Texts.
pp. 13 f.
.
9
Āçvalāyana Gșihya Sūtra. Ed. A. F. Stenzler. Leipzig, 1864.
Çārkhāyana Gșihya Sūtra. Ed. Hermann Oldenberg in Ind. Stud. xv,
Pāraskara Gribya Sūtra. Ed. A. F. Stenzler, Leipzig, 1876.
Āpastambīya Grihya Sütrā. Ed. M. Winternitz. Vienna, 1887.
The Mantrapātha (of the Āpastambins). Ed. M. Winternitz. Oxford, 1897.
Gobhila Grihya Sūtra. Ed. F. Knauer. Dropat, 1884.
Hiraṇyakeçi Gọihya Sūtra. Ed. J. Kirste. Vienna, 1889.
Mānava Gțihya Sūtra. Ed. F. Knauer. St Petersburg, 1897.
Khādira Gșihya Sūtra. Ed. with trans. by Oldenberg in S. B. E. xxix.
Kauçika Sūtra. Ed. M. Bloomfield. New Haven, 1890.
Gautama Dharma Çāstra (Sūtra). Ed. Sten zler. London, 1876.
Āpastambiya Dharma Sūtra Ed. G. Bühler. Bombay, 1868 and 1872
(two parts).
Baudhāyana Dharma Çāstra Ed. E. Hultzsch. Leipzig, 1884.
Vasishtha Dharma Sītra. Ed. A. Führer. Bombay, 1883.
Mānva Dharma Çāstra. Ed. N. N. Mandlik with commentaries, Bombay,
1886; J. Jolly, London, 1887. Earlier editions : Calcutta, 1813 ;
London, 1825, Paris, 1830.
Vaishnava Dharma Çāstra. Ed. Jolly. Calcutta, 1881.
Yājñavalkya Dharma Çāstra. Ed. Stenzler. Berlin, 1849. ( Mitāksharā.
Bombay, 1909).
Nārada Smriti Ed. Jolly. Calcutta, 1885.
The Dharma Çāstra Sangraha. Ed. Jivananda Vidyasagara. Calcutta, 1876.
[Contains the texts attributed to Atri, Vishnu, Hārīta, Yājñavalkya,
Ushaņas, Añgiras, Yama, Āpastamba, Samvarta, Kātyāyana, Bșihaspati,
Parāçara, Vyāsa, Çarkha, Likhita, Daksha, Çātātapa, Vasishtha,
Gautama, and 'Vriddha Gautama. ')
The text of the epics has come down in different recensions represent-
ed more or less accurately by different editions. The Mahābhārata as
published in the Calcutta edition (1834-9) contains the Harivamça, and
differs slightly from the Bombay edition (1888), which omits the Harivamça,
The text of the poem according to South Indian tradition has been
published in Bombay (1906-10): it differs materially from the northern
recension. The Rāmāyaṇa ( Bengal text, without the last book ) was
published by G. Gorresio (Paris, 1813-50). Another edition containing the
complete text appeared in Bombay (1895), and a third text, but practically,
identical with that of Bombay though 'according to the southern readings,
was publisbed in 1905.
## p. 606 (#644) ############################################
606
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTERS IX-XII
2. TRANSLATIONS
The chief Gșihya Sūtras, those of Āçvalāyana, Çānkhāyana, Pāras-
kara, Khādira, Gobhila, Hiranya keçin, Āpastamba, have been translat-
ed by Oldenberg in S. B. E. xxIx and xxx. In conjunction with the texts
.
mentioned above have appeared German translations of Āçvalāyana by
Stenzler (1865); of Çāňkhāyana by Oldenberg (Ind. Stud. xv); of Gobhila
by Knauer (1887); and of Pāraskara by Stenzler (1878).
The S. B. E. , vols. II and xiv, contain translations by Bühler of the
Dharma Sūtras of Āpastamba, Gautama, Vasishtha, and Baudhāyana.
The Mänava Dharma Castra, originally translated by Sir William Jones,
appeared in a revised translation by Bühler in S. B. E. xxv, and by A. C.
Burnell and E. W. Hopkins (London, 1881). The Vishņu Smriti is translated
by Jolly in S. B. E. vir; the Nārada Smriti with the fragments of Brihaspati,
ibid. xxxIII. The text of the 'shorter Nārada' is separately translated by
Jolly (London, 1876). A German translation of the Yājnavalkya Dharma
Çāstra appeared with the text (1849).
Translations of the epic poems; The Mahābhārata in the northern
recension has been translated into English by various pandits under the
nominal editorship of Pratapa Chandra Ray (Roy) in Calcutta (1883-96);
also by M. N. Dutt (Calcutta, 1896); and an abridged translation by R. C.
Dutt (London, 1899). The Rāmāyaṇa, text and Italian translation by
Gaspare Gorresio ( 1843-67); abridged translation by R. T. H. Griffith
(Benares, 1895).
3. GENERAL SURVEYS.
The most important works bearing on the period represented by the
Sūtras, Çātras, and Epics are as follows :
For a general survey of the subject : R. C. Dutt, History of civiliza-
tion in Ancient India (revised edn. London, 1893) ; Mrs Manning, Ancient
and mediaeval India (London, 1869) ; J. W. M'Crindle, Ancient India as
described by Megasthenese and Arrian (Bombay, 1877); idem, by Ktesias
(1882); idem, by Ptolemy (1885); Antiquities of India by L. D. Barnett
(London, 1913); Ancient India by E. J. Rapson (Cambridge, 1914); Cole-
brooke's Essays (Life and Essays of H. T. Colebrooke, new edn. by E. B.
Cowell, London, 1873) contain papers on Hindu Courts of Justice and Pre-
face to the Digest, which are still valuable. West and Bühler's Digest of
,
Hindu Law (Bombay, 1867-9) contains many extracts from later law-books.
The best general review of Hindu law (Sūtras and Çāstras) is found in Julius
Jolly's Recht und Sitte (1896). For the religious life of this epoch compare
M. Monier-Williams, Religious Thought and Life in India (4th edn. London,
1891) and Indian Wisdom (1893). J. Muir's Original Sanskrit Texts (London.
1868-84) given copious extracts from the religious chapters of the epics.
4. SPECIAL STUDIES.
Special studies are those of W. Caland on burial practices, Die altind-
ischen Toten-und Bestattungsgebräuche (Amsterdam, 1896); of the same
writer on Altindische Zauberei (Amsterdam, 1908) ; on the marriage.
customs E. Hass in Ind. Stud. v, pp. 267 f. [containing part of the Kauçika
Sūtra) ; The Hindu law of marriage and Stridhana (woman's property) by
## p. 607 (#645) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTERS IX-XII
607
G. Banerjee (Tagore Lectures revised, Calcutta, 1896); see also the refer-
ences given above in chap. x, p. 209, n. 1; on the ordeals, Die Gottesur-
theile der Inder by E. Schlagintweit (Munich, 1866); Alter u. Herkunft des
german. Gottesurtheils by A. Kaegi (1887).
5. TAE EPICS.
For the epic compare in general A. Holtzmann, Das Mahābhārata
(Kiel, 1892-5); J. Dahlmann, Das Mahābhārata als Epos u. Rechtsbuch
(Berlin, 1895); H. Jacobi, Mahābhārata, Inhaltsangabe (Bonn, 1903) ;
E. W. Hopkins, The great Epic of India ; and India Old and New (New
York, 1901). Special studies : Bühler and Kirste, Contributions to the
history of the Mahābhārata (Sitz. Wien, 1892) and Die indischne Inschriften
u.
- Trans. T. W. Rhys Davids. S. B. E. XXXV, Xxxvi. Oxford, 1890-4.
Peta-vatthu. Ed. Minayef.
Ed. Minayef. P. T. S. London, 1888.
- Commentary. Ed. E. Hardy. P. T. S. London, 1901.
Samanta-pāsädikā, commentary on the Vinaya. Part of the Introduction
ed. H. Oldenberg in Vinaya III.
Samyutta Nikāya. Ed. Léon Feer and Mrs Rhys Davids. P. T. S. London,
1884-1904.
Sumangala-vilāsini, commentary on the Digha. Ed. Rhys Davids. P. T. S.
London, 1886.
Sutta Nipāta, Ed. D. Andersen and H. Smith. P. T. S. London, 1913.
--Trans. V. Fausbõll. S. B. E. X 2nd edn. Oxford. 1898.
Thera-gāthā. Ed. H. Oldenberg. P. T. S. London, 1883.
- Trans. : Psalms of the Brethren, by Mrs Rhys Davids. P. T S. London,
1913.
- Commentary. Not yet edited.
Theri-gāthā. Ed. R. Pischel. P. T. S. London, 1883.
.
---Trans. : Psalms of the Sisters, by Mrs Rhys Davids. P. T. S. London,
1909.
--Commentary. Ed. E. Müller. P. T. S. London, 1893.
>
## p. 603 (#641) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTER VII
603
Udāna. Ed. P. Steinthal. P. T. S. London, 1885.
.
-- Trans. D. M. Strong. London. 1902.
Vimāna-vatthu. Ed. E. R. Goonaratne. P. T. S. London, 1886.
Vinaya. Ed. H. Oldenberg. London, 1879-83.
Vinay Texts. Trans. Rhys Davids and H. Oldenberg. S. B. E. XIII, XVII,
xx Oxford, 1881-5.
>
2. SUMMARIES.
The historical information afforded by these original authorities is collec-
ted and discussed by T. W. Rhys Davids, Buddhist India (London, 1903).
The summary (supra, pp. 170-5) of the known facts as to the age of the
early Pāli literature is there stated with the utmost brevity. For longer
accounts see Rh. D. , Buddhist India, pp. 140-209; Dialogues of the Buddha,
I, IX-XX, and 11, 70-7 ; Winternitz, Gesch. d. Ind. Lit I, II, 17-139. Olden-
berg's introduction to Vinaya Texts, S. B. E. XIII (1881) is still the best
critical discussion of the growth of the Vinaya literature. A similar study
of the growth of the Abhidhamma is much required. Steps towards such
a study have been taken by Mrs. Rhys Davids in Buddhist Psychology
(London, 1914), chap. vii, pp. 134-55.
## p. 604 (#642) ############################################
604
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTER VIII
CHAPTER VIII
ECONOMIC CONDITIONS ACCORDING TO EARLY
BUDDHIST LITERATURE
1. ORIGINAL SOURCES.
1
See Bibl. to Ch. VII.
For the Sanskrit law-books see S. B. E. II (Gautama), xiv. (Vasishtha,
Baudhayana), xxv (Manu).
2. ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL.
1
1
The following works deal with economic and social conditions in ancient
India :
Fick, R. Die sociale Gliederung im nordöstlichen Indiaen zu Buddha's
Ziet Kiel, 1897.
Rhys Davids, Mrs C. A. F. Economic conditions in ancient India. Econo-
mic Jour. , Sept. 1901.
-- Notes on early economic conditions in Northern India. J. R. A. S. , Oct.
1901.
[With fuller details on money and the consumption of wealth. )
Rhys Davids, Buddhist India ; see Bibl. to Ch. VII, 2.
Subba Rao, N. S. Economic and political conditions in ancient India.
Mysore, 1911, [An analysis of information contained in the Jatak].
1
## p. 605 (#643) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTERS IX-XII
605
CHAPTERS IX-XII
THE PERIOD OF THE SŪTRAS, EPICS, AND LAW. BOOKS ;
FAMILY LIFE AND SOCIAL CUSTOMS AS THEY APPEAR
IN THE SŪTRAS ; THE PRINCES AND PEOPLES OF THE
EPIC POEMS ; THE GROWTH OF LAW AND LEGAL INSTI-
TUTIONS
1. Texts.
pp. 13 f.
.
9
Āçvalāyana Gșihya Sūtra. Ed. A. F. Stenzler. Leipzig, 1864.
Çārkhāyana Gșihya Sūtra. Ed. Hermann Oldenberg in Ind. Stud. xv,
Pāraskara Gribya Sūtra. Ed. A. F. Stenzler, Leipzig, 1876.
Āpastambīya Grihya Sütrā. Ed. M. Winternitz. Vienna, 1887.
The Mantrapātha (of the Āpastambins). Ed. M. Winternitz. Oxford, 1897.
Gobhila Grihya Sūtra. Ed. F. Knauer. Dropat, 1884.
Hiraṇyakeçi Gọihya Sūtra. Ed. J. Kirste. Vienna, 1889.
Mānava Gțihya Sūtra. Ed. F. Knauer. St Petersburg, 1897.
Khādira Gșihya Sūtra. Ed. with trans. by Oldenberg in S. B. E. xxix.
Kauçika Sūtra. Ed. M. Bloomfield. New Haven, 1890.
Gautama Dharma Çāstra (Sūtra). Ed. Sten zler. London, 1876.
Āpastambiya Dharma Sūtra Ed. G. Bühler. Bombay, 1868 and 1872
(two parts).
Baudhāyana Dharma Çāstra Ed. E. Hultzsch. Leipzig, 1884.
Vasishtha Dharma Sītra. Ed. A. Führer. Bombay, 1883.
Mānva Dharma Çāstra. Ed. N. N. Mandlik with commentaries, Bombay,
1886; J. Jolly, London, 1887. Earlier editions : Calcutta, 1813 ;
London, 1825, Paris, 1830.
Vaishnava Dharma Çāstra. Ed. Jolly. Calcutta, 1881.
Yājñavalkya Dharma Çāstra. Ed. Stenzler. Berlin, 1849. ( Mitāksharā.
Bombay, 1909).
Nārada Smriti Ed. Jolly. Calcutta, 1885.
The Dharma Çāstra Sangraha. Ed. Jivananda Vidyasagara. Calcutta, 1876.
[Contains the texts attributed to Atri, Vishnu, Hārīta, Yājñavalkya,
Ushaņas, Añgiras, Yama, Āpastamba, Samvarta, Kātyāyana, Bșihaspati,
Parāçara, Vyāsa, Çarkha, Likhita, Daksha, Çātātapa, Vasishtha,
Gautama, and 'Vriddha Gautama. ')
The text of the epics has come down in different recensions represent-
ed more or less accurately by different editions. The Mahābhārata as
published in the Calcutta edition (1834-9) contains the Harivamça, and
differs slightly from the Bombay edition (1888), which omits the Harivamça,
The text of the poem according to South Indian tradition has been
published in Bombay (1906-10): it differs materially from the northern
recension. The Rāmāyaṇa ( Bengal text, without the last book ) was
published by G. Gorresio (Paris, 1813-50). Another edition containing the
complete text appeared in Bombay (1895), and a third text, but practically,
identical with that of Bombay though 'according to the southern readings,
was publisbed in 1905.
## p. 606 (#644) ############################################
606
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTERS IX-XII
2. TRANSLATIONS
The chief Gșihya Sūtras, those of Āçvalāyana, Çānkhāyana, Pāras-
kara, Khādira, Gobhila, Hiranya keçin, Āpastamba, have been translat-
ed by Oldenberg in S. B. E. xxIx and xxx. In conjunction with the texts
.
mentioned above have appeared German translations of Āçvalāyana by
Stenzler (1865); of Çāňkhāyana by Oldenberg (Ind. Stud. xv); of Gobhila
by Knauer (1887); and of Pāraskara by Stenzler (1878).
The S. B. E. , vols. II and xiv, contain translations by Bühler of the
Dharma Sūtras of Āpastamba, Gautama, Vasishtha, and Baudhāyana.
The Mänava Dharma Castra, originally translated by Sir William Jones,
appeared in a revised translation by Bühler in S. B. E. xxv, and by A. C.
Burnell and E. W. Hopkins (London, 1881). The Vishņu Smriti is translated
by Jolly in S. B. E. vir; the Nārada Smriti with the fragments of Brihaspati,
ibid. xxxIII. The text of the 'shorter Nārada' is separately translated by
Jolly (London, 1876). A German translation of the Yājnavalkya Dharma
Çāstra appeared with the text (1849).
Translations of the epic poems; The Mahābhārata in the northern
recension has been translated into English by various pandits under the
nominal editorship of Pratapa Chandra Ray (Roy) in Calcutta (1883-96);
also by M. N. Dutt (Calcutta, 1896); and an abridged translation by R. C.
Dutt (London, 1899). The Rāmāyaṇa, text and Italian translation by
Gaspare Gorresio ( 1843-67); abridged translation by R. T. H. Griffith
(Benares, 1895).
3. GENERAL SURVEYS.
The most important works bearing on the period represented by the
Sūtras, Çātras, and Epics are as follows :
For a general survey of the subject : R. C. Dutt, History of civiliza-
tion in Ancient India (revised edn. London, 1893) ; Mrs Manning, Ancient
and mediaeval India (London, 1869) ; J. W. M'Crindle, Ancient India as
described by Megasthenese and Arrian (Bombay, 1877); idem, by Ktesias
(1882); idem, by Ptolemy (1885); Antiquities of India by L. D. Barnett
(London, 1913); Ancient India by E. J. Rapson (Cambridge, 1914); Cole-
brooke's Essays (Life and Essays of H. T. Colebrooke, new edn. by E. B.
Cowell, London, 1873) contain papers on Hindu Courts of Justice and Pre-
face to the Digest, which are still valuable. West and Bühler's Digest of
,
Hindu Law (Bombay, 1867-9) contains many extracts from later law-books.
The best general review of Hindu law (Sūtras and Çāstras) is found in Julius
Jolly's Recht und Sitte (1896). For the religious life of this epoch compare
M. Monier-Williams, Religious Thought and Life in India (4th edn. London,
1891) and Indian Wisdom (1893). J. Muir's Original Sanskrit Texts (London.
1868-84) given copious extracts from the religious chapters of the epics.
4. SPECIAL STUDIES.
Special studies are those of W. Caland on burial practices, Die altind-
ischen Toten-und Bestattungsgebräuche (Amsterdam, 1896); of the same
writer on Altindische Zauberei (Amsterdam, 1908) ; on the marriage.
customs E. Hass in Ind. Stud. v, pp. 267 f. [containing part of the Kauçika
Sūtra) ; The Hindu law of marriage and Stridhana (woman's property) by
## p. 607 (#645) ############################################
BIBLIOGRAPHY TO CHAPTERS IX-XII
607
G. Banerjee (Tagore Lectures revised, Calcutta, 1896); see also the refer-
ences given above in chap. x, p. 209, n. 1; on the ordeals, Die Gottesur-
theile der Inder by E. Schlagintweit (Munich, 1866); Alter u. Herkunft des
german. Gottesurtheils by A. Kaegi (1887).
5. TAE EPICS.
For the epic compare in general A. Holtzmann, Das Mahābhārata
(Kiel, 1892-5); J. Dahlmann, Das Mahābhārata als Epos u. Rechtsbuch
(Berlin, 1895); H. Jacobi, Mahābhārata, Inhaltsangabe (Bonn, 1903) ;
E. W. Hopkins, The great Epic of India ; and India Old and New (New
York, 1901). Special studies : Bühler and Kirste, Contributions to the
history of the Mahābhārata (Sitz. Wien, 1892) and Die indischne Inschriften
u.
