, _work,
something
done in old times_: acc.
Beowulf
nū ic
ēower sceal frumcyn witan, 252.
frum-gār, st. m. , primipilus, _duke, prince_: dat. sg. frumgāre (of
Bēowulf), 2857.
frum-sceaft, st. f. , prima creatio, _beginning_: acc. sg. sē þe cūðe
frumsceaft fīra feorran reccan, _who could tell of the beginning of mankind
in old times_, 91; dat. sg. frum-sceafte, _in the beginning_, i. e at his
birth, 45.
fugol, st. m. , _bird_: dat. sg. fugle gelīcost, 218; dat. pl. [fuglum] tō
gamene, 2942.
ful, adj. , _full, filled_: nom. sg. w. gen. pl. sē wæs innan full wrǣtta
and wīra, 2413. --Comp. : eges-, sorh-, weorð-ful.
ful, adv. , plene, _very_: ful oft, 480; ful-oft, 952.
ful, st. n. , _cup, beaker_: nom. sg. , 1193; acc. sg. ful, 616, 629, 1026;
ofer ȳða ful, _over the cup of the waves_ (the basin of the sea filled
with waves), 1209; dat. sg. onfōh þissum fulle, 1170. --Comp. : medo-,
sele-full.
fullǣstian, w. v. w. dat, _to give help_: pres. sg. ic þē fullǣstu, 2669.
fultum, st. m. , _help, support, protection_: acc. sg. frōfor (frōfre) and
fultum, 699, 1274; mægenes fultum, 1836; on fultum, 2663. --Comp.
mægen-fultum.
fundian, w. v. , _to strive, to have in view_: pres. pl. wē fundiað Higelāc
sēcan, 1820; pret. sg. fundode of geardum, 1138.
furðum, adv. , primo, _just, exactly; then first_: þā ic furðum wēold folce
Deninga, _then first governed the people of the Danes_ (had just assumed
the government), 465; þā hīe tō sele furðum . . . gangan cwōmon, 323; ic þǣr
furðum cwōm tō þām hringsele, 2010;--_before, previously_: ic þē sceal mīne
gelǣstan frēode, swā wit furðum sprǣcon, 1708.
furður, adv. , _further, forward, more distant_, 254, 762, 3007.
fūs, adj. , _inclined to, favorable, ready_: nom. sg. nū ic eom sīðes fūs,
1476; lēofra manna fūs, _prepared for the dear men_, i. e. expecting them,
1917; sigel sūðan fūs, _the sun inclined from the south_ (midday sun),
1967; se wonna hrefn fūs ofer fǣgum, _eager over the slain_, 3026; sceft
. . . feðer-gearwum fūs, 3120; nom. pl. wǣron . . . eft to lēodum fūse tō
farenne, 1806. --Sometimes fūs means _ready for death_, moribundus: fūs and
fǣge, 1242. --Comp. : hin-, ūt-fūs.
fūs-līc, adj. , _prepared, ready_: acc. sg. fūs-līc f[yrd]-lēoð, 1425;
fyrd-searo fūs-līc, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fūs-līcu, 232.
fyl, st. m. , _fall_: nom. sg. fyll cyninges, _the fall of the king_ (in the
dragon-fight), 2913; dat. sg. þæt hē on fylle wearð, _that he came to a
fall, fell_, 1545. --Comp. hrā-fyl.
fylce (collective form from folc), st. n. , _troop, band of warriors_: in
comp. æl-fylce.
ge-fyllan (see feal), w. v. , _to fell, to slay in battle_: inf. fāne
gefyllan, _to slay the enemy_, 2656; pret. pl. fēond gefyldan, _they had
slain the enemy_, 2707.
ā-fyllan (see ful), w. v. , _to fill_: pret. part. Heorot innan wæs frēondum
āfylled (_was filled with trusted men_), 1019.
fyllo, st. f. (_plenty, abundant meal_: dat. (instr. ) sg. fylle gefrǣgnod,
1334; gen. sg. næs hīe þǣre fylle gefēan hæfdon, 562; fylle gefǣgon,
1015. --Comp. : wæl-, wist-fyllo.
fyl-wērig, adj. , _weary enough to fall, faint to death_, moribundus: acc.
sg. fyl-wērigne, 963.
fyr. See feor.
fyrian, w. v. w. acc. (= ferian) _to bear, to bring, carry_: pret. pl. þā
þe gif-sceattas Gēata fyredon þyder tō þance, 378.
fȳras. See fīras.
fyren. See firen.
fyrde, adj. , _movable, that can be moved_. --Comp. hard-fyrde. --Leo.
fyrd-gestealla, w. m. , _comrade on an expedition, companion in battle_:
dat. pl. fyrd-gesteallum, 2874
fyrd-ham, st. m. , _war-dress, coat of mail_: acc. sg. þone fyrd-hom, 1505.
fyrd-hrægl, st. n. , _coat of mail, war-dress_: acc. sg. fyrd-hrægl, 1528.
fyrd-hwæt, adj. , _sharp, good in war, warlike_: nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate,
1642, 2477.
fyrd-lēoð, st. n. , _war-song, warlike music_: acc. sg. horn stundum song
fūslīc f[yrd]leoð, 1425.
fyrd-searu, st. n. , _equipment for an expedition_: acc. sg. fyrd-searu
fūslīc, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fūslīcu, 232.
fyrd-wyrðe, adj. , _of worth in war, excellent in battle_: nom. sg.
fyrd-wyrðe man (Bēowulf), 1317.
ge-fyrðran (see forð), w. v. , _to bring forward, to further_: pret. part.
ār wæs on ofoste, eftsīðes georn, frætwum gefyrðred, _he was hurried
forward by the treasure_ (i. e. after he had gathered up the treasure, he
hasted to return, so as to be able to show it to the mortally-wounded
Bēowulf), 2785.
fyrmest. See forma.
fyrn-dagas, st. m. pl. , _by-gone days_: dat. pl. fyrndagum (_in old
times_), 1452.
fyrn-geweorc, st. n.
, _work, something done in old times_: acc. sg. fīra
fyrn-geweorc (the drinking-cup mentioned in 2283, 2287.
fyrn-gewin, st. n. , _combat in ancient times_: gen. sg. ōr fyrn-gewinnes
(_the origin of the battles of the giants_), 1690.
fyrn-man, st. m. , _man of ancient times_: gen. pl. fyrn-manna fatu, 2762.
fyrn-wita, w. m. , _counsellor ever since ancient times, adviser for many
years_: dat. sg. frōdan fyrnwitan, of Æschere, 2124.
fyrst, st. m. , _portion of time, definite time, time_: nom. sg. næs hit
lengra fyrst, ac ymb āne niht . . . , 134; fyrst forð gewāt, _the time_ (of
going to the harbor) _was past_, 210; næs þǣr māra fyrst frēode tō friclan,
2556; acc. sg. niht-longne fyrst, 528; fīf nihta fyrst, 545; instr. sg. þȳ
fyrste, 2574; dat. sg. him on fyrste gelomp . . . , _within the fixed time_,
76.
fyr-wit, -wet, -wyt, st. n. , _prying spirit, curiosity_: nom. sg. fyrwyt,
232; fyrwet, 1986, 2785.
ge-fȳsan (fūs), w. v. , _to make ready, to prepare_: part. winde gefȳsed
flota, _the ship provided with wind_ (for the voyage), 217; (wyrm) fȳre
gefȳsed, _provided with fire_, 2310; þā wæs hringbogan (of the drake)
heorte gefȳsed sæcce tō sēceanne, 2562; with gen. , in answer to the
question, for what? gūðe gefȳsed, _ready for battle, determined to fight_,
631.
fȳr, st. n. , _fire_: nom. sg. , 1367, 2702, 2882; dat. sg. fȳre, 2220; as
instr. fȳre, 2275, 2596; gen. sg. fȳres fæðm, 185; fȳres feng, 1765. --
Comp. : ād-, bǣl-, heaðu-, wæl-fȳr.
fȳr-bend, st. m. , _band forged in fire_: dat. pl. duru . . . fȳr-bendum
fæst, 723.
fȳr-draca, w. m. , _fire-drake, fire-spewing dragon_: nom. sg. , 2690.
fȳr-heard, adj. , _hard through fire, hardened in fire_: nom. pl.
(eoforlīc) fāh and fȳr-heard, 305.
fȳr-lēoht, st. n. , _fire-light_: acc. sg. , 1517.
fȳr-wylm, st. m. , _wave of fire, flame-wave_: dat. pl. wyrm . . . fȳrwylmum
fāh, 2672.
G
galan, st. v. , _to sing, to sound_: pres. sg. sorh-lēoð gæleð, 2461; inf.
gryre-lēoð galan, 787; bearhtm ongeāton, gūðhorn galan, _heard the clang,
the battle-trumpet sound_, 1433.
ā-galan, _to sing, to sound_: pret. sg. þæt hire on hafelan hringmǣl āgōl
grǣdig gūðlēoð, _that the sword caused a greedy battle-song to sound upon
her head_, 1522.
gamban, or, according to Bout. , gambe, w. f. , _tribute, interest_: acc. sg.
gomban gyldan, 11.
gamen, st. n. , _social pleasure, rejoicing, joyous doings_: nom. sg. gamen,
1161; gomen, 2460; gomen glēobēames, _the pleasure of the harp_, 2264; acc.
sg. gamen and glēodrēam, 3022; dat. sg. gamene, 2942; gomene, 1776. --Comp.
heal-gamen.
gamen-wāð, st. f. , _way offering social enjoyment, journey in joyous
society_: dat. sg. of gomen-wāðe, 855.
gamen-wudu, st. m. , _wood of social enjoyment_, i. e. harp: nom. sg. þǣr wæs
. . . gomenwudu grēted, 1066; acc. sg. gomenwudu grētte, 2109.
gamol, gomol, gomel, adj. , _old_; of persons, _having lived many years,
gray_: gamol, 58, 265; gomol, 3096; gomel, 2113, 2794; se gomela, 1398;
gamela (gomela) Scylding, 1793, 2106; gomela, 2932; acc. sg. þone gomelan,
2422; dat. sg. gamelum rince, 1678; gomelum ceorle, 2445; þām gomelan,
2818; nom. pl. blondenfeaxe gomele, 1596. --Also, _late, belonging to former
time_: gen. pl. gomelra lāfe (_legacy_), 2037. --Of things, _old, from old
times_: nom. sg. sweord . . . gomol, 2683; acc. sg. gomele lāfe, 2564; gomel
swyrd, 2611; gamol is a more respectful word than eald.
gamol-feax, adj. , _with gray hair_: nom. sg. , 609.
gang, st. m. : 1) _gait, way_: dat. sg. on gange, 1885; gen. sg. ic hine ne
mihte . . . ganges ge-twǣman, _could not keep him from going_, 969. --2)
_step, foot-step_: nom. sg. gang (the foot-print of the mother of Grendel),
1405; acc. sg. uton hraðe fēran Grendles māgan gang scēawigan, 1392. --Comp.
in-gang.
be-gang, bi-gang, st. m. , (_so far as something goes_), _extent_: acc. sg.
ofer geofenes begang, _over the extent of the sea_, 362; ofer flōda begang,
1827; under swegles begong, 861, 1774; flōda begong, 1498; sioleða bigong,
2368.
gangan. See under gān.
ganot, st. m. , _diver_, fulica marina: gen. sg. ofer ganotes bæð (i. e. the
sea), 1862.
gād, st. n. , _lack_: nom. sg. ne bið þē wilna gād (_thou shalt have no lack
of desirable_ [valuable] _things_), 661; similarly, 950.
gān, _expanded_ = gangan, st. v. , _to go_: pres. sg. III. gǣð ā Wyrd swā
hīo scel, 455; gǣð eft . . . tō medo, 605; þonne hē . . .
ēower sceal frumcyn witan, 252.
frum-gār, st. m. , primipilus, _duke, prince_: dat. sg. frumgāre (of
Bēowulf), 2857.
frum-sceaft, st. f. , prima creatio, _beginning_: acc. sg. sē þe cūðe
frumsceaft fīra feorran reccan, _who could tell of the beginning of mankind
in old times_, 91; dat. sg. frum-sceafte, _in the beginning_, i. e at his
birth, 45.
fugol, st. m. , _bird_: dat. sg. fugle gelīcost, 218; dat. pl. [fuglum] tō
gamene, 2942.
ful, adj. , _full, filled_: nom. sg. w. gen. pl. sē wæs innan full wrǣtta
and wīra, 2413. --Comp. : eges-, sorh-, weorð-ful.
ful, adv. , plene, _very_: ful oft, 480; ful-oft, 952.
ful, st. n. , _cup, beaker_: nom. sg. , 1193; acc. sg. ful, 616, 629, 1026;
ofer ȳða ful, _over the cup of the waves_ (the basin of the sea filled
with waves), 1209; dat. sg. onfōh þissum fulle, 1170. --Comp. : medo-,
sele-full.
fullǣstian, w. v. w. dat, _to give help_: pres. sg. ic þē fullǣstu, 2669.
fultum, st. m. , _help, support, protection_: acc. sg. frōfor (frōfre) and
fultum, 699, 1274; mægenes fultum, 1836; on fultum, 2663. --Comp.
mægen-fultum.
fundian, w. v. , _to strive, to have in view_: pres. pl. wē fundiað Higelāc
sēcan, 1820; pret. sg. fundode of geardum, 1138.
furðum, adv. , primo, _just, exactly; then first_: þā ic furðum wēold folce
Deninga, _then first governed the people of the Danes_ (had just assumed
the government), 465; þā hīe tō sele furðum . . . gangan cwōmon, 323; ic þǣr
furðum cwōm tō þām hringsele, 2010;--_before, previously_: ic þē sceal mīne
gelǣstan frēode, swā wit furðum sprǣcon, 1708.
furður, adv. , _further, forward, more distant_, 254, 762, 3007.
fūs, adj. , _inclined to, favorable, ready_: nom. sg. nū ic eom sīðes fūs,
1476; lēofra manna fūs, _prepared for the dear men_, i. e. expecting them,
1917; sigel sūðan fūs, _the sun inclined from the south_ (midday sun),
1967; se wonna hrefn fūs ofer fǣgum, _eager over the slain_, 3026; sceft
. . . feðer-gearwum fūs, 3120; nom. pl. wǣron . . . eft to lēodum fūse tō
farenne, 1806. --Sometimes fūs means _ready for death_, moribundus: fūs and
fǣge, 1242. --Comp. : hin-, ūt-fūs.
fūs-līc, adj. , _prepared, ready_: acc. sg. fūs-līc f[yrd]-lēoð, 1425;
fyrd-searo fūs-līc, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fūs-līcu, 232.
fyl, st. m. , _fall_: nom. sg. fyll cyninges, _the fall of the king_ (in the
dragon-fight), 2913; dat. sg. þæt hē on fylle wearð, _that he came to a
fall, fell_, 1545. --Comp. hrā-fyl.
fylce (collective form from folc), st. n. , _troop, band of warriors_: in
comp. æl-fylce.
ge-fyllan (see feal), w. v. , _to fell, to slay in battle_: inf. fāne
gefyllan, _to slay the enemy_, 2656; pret. pl. fēond gefyldan, _they had
slain the enemy_, 2707.
ā-fyllan (see ful), w. v. , _to fill_: pret. part. Heorot innan wæs frēondum
āfylled (_was filled with trusted men_), 1019.
fyllo, st. f. (_plenty, abundant meal_: dat. (instr. ) sg. fylle gefrǣgnod,
1334; gen. sg. næs hīe þǣre fylle gefēan hæfdon, 562; fylle gefǣgon,
1015. --Comp. : wæl-, wist-fyllo.
fyl-wērig, adj. , _weary enough to fall, faint to death_, moribundus: acc.
sg. fyl-wērigne, 963.
fyr. See feor.
fyrian, w. v. w. acc. (= ferian) _to bear, to bring, carry_: pret. pl. þā
þe gif-sceattas Gēata fyredon þyder tō þance, 378.
fȳras. See fīras.
fyren. See firen.
fyrde, adj. , _movable, that can be moved_. --Comp. hard-fyrde. --Leo.
fyrd-gestealla, w. m. , _comrade on an expedition, companion in battle_:
dat. pl. fyrd-gesteallum, 2874
fyrd-ham, st. m. , _war-dress, coat of mail_: acc. sg. þone fyrd-hom, 1505.
fyrd-hrægl, st. n. , _coat of mail, war-dress_: acc. sg. fyrd-hrægl, 1528.
fyrd-hwæt, adj. , _sharp, good in war, warlike_: nom. pl. frome fyrd-hwate,
1642, 2477.
fyrd-lēoð, st. n. , _war-song, warlike music_: acc. sg. horn stundum song
fūslīc f[yrd]leoð, 1425.
fyrd-searu, st. n. , _equipment for an expedition_: acc. sg. fyrd-searu
fūslīc, 2619; acc. pl. fyrd-searu fūslīcu, 232.
fyrd-wyrðe, adj. , _of worth in war, excellent in battle_: nom. sg.
fyrd-wyrðe man (Bēowulf), 1317.
ge-fyrðran (see forð), w. v. , _to bring forward, to further_: pret. part.
ār wæs on ofoste, eftsīðes georn, frætwum gefyrðred, _he was hurried
forward by the treasure_ (i. e. after he had gathered up the treasure, he
hasted to return, so as to be able to show it to the mortally-wounded
Bēowulf), 2785.
fyrmest. See forma.
fyrn-dagas, st. m. pl. , _by-gone days_: dat. pl. fyrndagum (_in old
times_), 1452.
fyrn-geweorc, st. n.
, _work, something done in old times_: acc. sg. fīra
fyrn-geweorc (the drinking-cup mentioned in 2283, 2287.
fyrn-gewin, st. n. , _combat in ancient times_: gen. sg. ōr fyrn-gewinnes
(_the origin of the battles of the giants_), 1690.
fyrn-man, st. m. , _man of ancient times_: gen. pl. fyrn-manna fatu, 2762.
fyrn-wita, w. m. , _counsellor ever since ancient times, adviser for many
years_: dat. sg. frōdan fyrnwitan, of Æschere, 2124.
fyrst, st. m. , _portion of time, definite time, time_: nom. sg. næs hit
lengra fyrst, ac ymb āne niht . . . , 134; fyrst forð gewāt, _the time_ (of
going to the harbor) _was past_, 210; næs þǣr māra fyrst frēode tō friclan,
2556; acc. sg. niht-longne fyrst, 528; fīf nihta fyrst, 545; instr. sg. þȳ
fyrste, 2574; dat. sg. him on fyrste gelomp . . . , _within the fixed time_,
76.
fyr-wit, -wet, -wyt, st. n. , _prying spirit, curiosity_: nom. sg. fyrwyt,
232; fyrwet, 1986, 2785.
ge-fȳsan (fūs), w. v. , _to make ready, to prepare_: part. winde gefȳsed
flota, _the ship provided with wind_ (for the voyage), 217; (wyrm) fȳre
gefȳsed, _provided with fire_, 2310; þā wæs hringbogan (of the drake)
heorte gefȳsed sæcce tō sēceanne, 2562; with gen. , in answer to the
question, for what? gūðe gefȳsed, _ready for battle, determined to fight_,
631.
fȳr, st. n. , _fire_: nom. sg. , 1367, 2702, 2882; dat. sg. fȳre, 2220; as
instr. fȳre, 2275, 2596; gen. sg. fȳres fæðm, 185; fȳres feng, 1765. --
Comp. : ād-, bǣl-, heaðu-, wæl-fȳr.
fȳr-bend, st. m. , _band forged in fire_: dat. pl. duru . . . fȳr-bendum
fæst, 723.
fȳr-draca, w. m. , _fire-drake, fire-spewing dragon_: nom. sg. , 2690.
fȳr-heard, adj. , _hard through fire, hardened in fire_: nom. pl.
(eoforlīc) fāh and fȳr-heard, 305.
fȳr-lēoht, st. n. , _fire-light_: acc. sg. , 1517.
fȳr-wylm, st. m. , _wave of fire, flame-wave_: dat. pl. wyrm . . . fȳrwylmum
fāh, 2672.
G
galan, st. v. , _to sing, to sound_: pres. sg. sorh-lēoð gæleð, 2461; inf.
gryre-lēoð galan, 787; bearhtm ongeāton, gūðhorn galan, _heard the clang,
the battle-trumpet sound_, 1433.
ā-galan, _to sing, to sound_: pret. sg. þæt hire on hafelan hringmǣl āgōl
grǣdig gūðlēoð, _that the sword caused a greedy battle-song to sound upon
her head_, 1522.
gamban, or, according to Bout. , gambe, w. f. , _tribute, interest_: acc. sg.
gomban gyldan, 11.
gamen, st. n. , _social pleasure, rejoicing, joyous doings_: nom. sg. gamen,
1161; gomen, 2460; gomen glēobēames, _the pleasure of the harp_, 2264; acc.
sg. gamen and glēodrēam, 3022; dat. sg. gamene, 2942; gomene, 1776. --Comp.
heal-gamen.
gamen-wāð, st. f. , _way offering social enjoyment, journey in joyous
society_: dat. sg. of gomen-wāðe, 855.
gamen-wudu, st. m. , _wood of social enjoyment_, i. e. harp: nom. sg. þǣr wæs
. . . gomenwudu grēted, 1066; acc. sg. gomenwudu grētte, 2109.
gamol, gomol, gomel, adj. , _old_; of persons, _having lived many years,
gray_: gamol, 58, 265; gomol, 3096; gomel, 2113, 2794; se gomela, 1398;
gamela (gomela) Scylding, 1793, 2106; gomela, 2932; acc. sg. þone gomelan,
2422; dat. sg. gamelum rince, 1678; gomelum ceorle, 2445; þām gomelan,
2818; nom. pl. blondenfeaxe gomele, 1596. --Also, _late, belonging to former
time_: gen. pl. gomelra lāfe (_legacy_), 2037. --Of things, _old, from old
times_: nom. sg. sweord . . . gomol, 2683; acc. sg. gomele lāfe, 2564; gomel
swyrd, 2611; gamol is a more respectful word than eald.
gamol-feax, adj. , _with gray hair_: nom. sg. , 609.
gang, st. m. : 1) _gait, way_: dat. sg. on gange, 1885; gen. sg. ic hine ne
mihte . . . ganges ge-twǣman, _could not keep him from going_, 969. --2)
_step, foot-step_: nom. sg. gang (the foot-print of the mother of Grendel),
1405; acc. sg. uton hraðe fēran Grendles māgan gang scēawigan, 1392. --Comp.
in-gang.
be-gang, bi-gang, st. m. , (_so far as something goes_), _extent_: acc. sg.
ofer geofenes begang, _over the extent of the sea_, 362; ofer flōda begang,
1827; under swegles begong, 861, 1774; flōda begong, 1498; sioleða bigong,
2368.
gangan. See under gān.
ganot, st. m. , _diver_, fulica marina: gen. sg. ofer ganotes bæð (i. e. the
sea), 1862.
gād, st. n. , _lack_: nom. sg. ne bið þē wilna gād (_thou shalt have no lack
of desirable_ [valuable] _things_), 661; similarly, 950.
gān, _expanded_ = gangan, st. v. , _to go_: pres. sg. III. gǣð ā Wyrd swā
hīo scel, 455; gǣð eft . . . tō medo, 605; þonne hē . . .
