No More Learning

p. 1321 ; Harpocrat. s. rr. 'aypadlov and epitome of the work of Damagetus of Heracleia.
Ocorpívns; Schaefer, Appar. Crit. v. p. 173. ) (ll'estermann, Quaest. Dem. iv. pp. 38, 88. )
58. Kata Nealpas, refers to R. C. 340, but is con- 4. Surnamed the Little (d Mirpós), a Greek rhe-
sidered spurious both by ancient and modern torician, who is otherwise unknown; but some
writers. (Dionys. dc Admir, vi dic. Dem. 57 ; fragments of his speeches are extant in Dekker's
Phrynich. p. 2:25; Harpocrat. s. rr. gépha, Onuo. | Anecdota (pp. 135, 140, 168, 170, 172). [L. S. ]


## p. 991 (#1011) ###########################################

DEMOTIMUS.
991
DENTATUS.
DEMO'STIENES MASSALIO'TES, or ther particulars are not known. (Diog. Laört. v. 53,
MASSILIENSIS (ó Margahıárms), a native of 55, 56. )
[L. S. ]
Marscilles, and the author of several medical DEMOXENTS. [DAMOXENUS. ]
formulae preserved by Galen, must have lived in DEMUS (Añuos). If the reading in Athen-
or before the first century after Christ, as he is aeus (xiv. p. 660) is correct, Demus was the an-
quoted by Asclepiades Pharmacion. (Gal. De Com- thor of an Atthis, of which the first book is there
pos. Medicam. sec. Gen. v. 15. vol. xii. p. 850. ) quoted. But as Demus is not mentioned any-
By some persons he is supposed to be the same as where else, Casaubon proposed to change the name
Demosthenes Philalethes, which seems to be quite into Ketóðnuos, who is well known to have
possible. lle is sometimes called simple Massaliotes written an Atthis. If the name Demus is wrong,
or Vassiliensis. (Gal. I. c. p. 855; Aötins, iv. 2. it would be safer to substitute Anuwr than Kaei-
58, p. 726. ) See C. G. Kühn, Additam. ad Elench. Tóðnuos, as Demon wrote an Atthis, which con-
Modicor. Peter. a J. A. Fulricio, fc. , eahibitum, sisted of at least four books.
[L. S. )
where he has collected all the fragments of Demos-
DENDRI'TES (Aevõpitos), the god of the tree,
thenes that remain.
[W'. A. G. ) a surname of Dionysus, which has the same iniport
DEMO'STHENES PHILALE'THES (An as Dasyllius, the giver of foliage. (Plut. Sympos.
poolévms ó Dialnens), a physician, who was one 5; Paus. i. 43. § 5. )
[L. S. ]
of the pupils of Alexander Philalethes, and be- DENDRITIS (Aevopitis), the goddess of the
longed to the school of medicine founded by Hero- tree, occurs as a surname of llelen at Rhodes, and
philus. (Gal. De Differ. Puls. iv. 4. vol. viii. p. the following story is related to account for it.
727. ) He probably lived about the beginning of After the death of Menelaus, Helen was driven
the Christian aera, and was especially celebrated from her home by two natural sons of her husband.
for his skill as an oculist. He wrote a work on She fled to Rhodes, and sought the protection of
the Pulse, which is quoted by Galen (l. c. ), and her friend Polyxo, the widow of Tlepolemus. But
also one on Diseases of the Eres, which appears to Polyxo bore Helen a grudge, since her own
have been extant in the middle ages, but of which husband Tlepolemus had fallen a victim in the
nothing now remains but some extracts preserved | Trojan war. Accordingly, once while Helen was
by Aëtius, Paulus Aegineta, and other later wri- bathing, Polyxo sent out her servants in the dis-
ters.
[W. A. G. ] guise of the Erinnyes, with the command to hang
DEMO'STRATUS (Anubotpatos). 1. An Helen on a tree. For this reason the Rhodians
Athenian orator and demagogue, at whose propo- afterwards built a sanctuary to Helena Dendritis.
sition Alcibiades, Nicias, and Lamachus were ap- (Paus. iii. 19. § 10. )
[L. S. ]
pointed to command the Athenian expedition DENSUS, JU'LIUS, a man of equestrian rank
against Sicily. He was brought on the stage by of the time of Nero. In A. D. 56, he was ac-
Eupolis in his comedy entitled Bovcugns. (Plut. cused of being too favourably disposed towards
Alc. 18, Nic. 12; Ruhnken, Hist. Crit. Or. Graec. Britannicus, but his accusers were not listened to.
(Tacit. Ann. xiii. 10. )
(L. S. ]
2. The son of Aristophon, an ambassador from DENSUS, SEMPRONIUS, a most distin-
Athens to Sparta, is supposed by Ruhnken (l. c. ) guished and noble-minded man of the time of the
to have been the grandson of the orator. (Xen. emperor Galba. He was centurion of a praeto-
Hell. vi. 3. & 2. )
rian cohort, and was commissioned by Galba to
3. A person in whose name Eupolis exhibited protect his adopted son Piso Licinianus, at the
his comedy Aútó A vkos. (Ath. 1. p. 216, d. ) He time when the insurrection against Galba broke
is ranked among the poets of the new comedy on out, A. D. 70. When the rebels approached to seek
the authority of Suidas (s. r. zápač, Anubotpatos and murder Piso, Densus rushed out against them
AnuotoiMTW): but here we ought probably to read with his sword drawn, and thus turned the atten-
Τιμόστρατος, who is known as a poet of the new tion of the persecutors towards himself, so that
comedy. [TIMOSTRATUS. ] (Meineke, Frag. Com. Piso had an opportunity of escaping, though he was
Graec. i. pp. 110, 500. )
afterwards caught and put to death. (Tacit. Hist.
4. A Roman senator, who wrote a work on fish- i. 43. ) According to Dion Cassius (lxiv. 6) and
ing (OMTEutixé) in twenty-six books, one on aqua- Plutarch (Galb. 26) it was not Piso, but Galba
tic divination (Trepi tñs évýõpou partirñs), and himself who was thus defended and protected by
other miscellaneous works connected with history. Densus, who fell during the struggle. [L. S. ]
(Suid. s. r. Aapootpatos; Aelian, N. A. xii. 21, DENTA'TUS, M'CU'RIUS (some writers call
xv. 4, 9, 19. ) He is probably the same person him M. Curius Dentatus), the most celebrated
from whose history, meaning perhaps a natural | among the Curii, is said to have derived his cog-
history, Pliny quotes (H. N. xxxvii.
6), and the nomen Dentatus from the circumstance of
same also as Demostratus of Apameia, the second having been born with teeth in his mouth.
book of whose work“ On Rivers" (Tepi hotauwv) (Plin. H. N. vii. 15. ) Cicero (pro Muren. 8)
Plutarch quotes. (De Fluv. 13; comp. Eudoc. p. calls him a homo novus, and it appears that he was
128; Phot. Bill. Cod. clxi. ; Vossius, de Hist. of Sabine descent. (Cic. pro Sulla, 7; Schol.
Graec. pp. 427, 428, ed. Westermann. ) (P. S. ] Bob. p. 364 ed. Orelli. ) The first office which
DEMO'TELES (Anuotéans), one of the twelve Curius Dentatus is known to have held was that
authors, who according to Pliny (H. N. xxxvi. of tribune of the people, in which he distinguished
12) had written on the pyramids, but is other himself by his opposition to Appius Claudius the
wise unknown.
(L. S. ) Blind, who while presiding as interrex at the elec-
DEMOTI'MUS (Anuóriuos), an Athenian and tion of the consuls, refused, in defiance of the
intimate friend of Theophrastus, with whom he law, to accept any votes for plebeian candidates.
devoted himself to the study of philosophy. Theo Curius Dentatus then compelled the senate to
phrastus in his will bequeathed to him a house, make a decree by which any legal election was
and appointed him one of his executors; but fur- / sanctioned beforehand. (Cic. Brut. 14; Aurel.
p. xlvi. )


## p. 992 (#1012) ###########################################

992
DEXTATUS.
DENTATUS.
Vict de l'ir. Illust. 33. ) The year of his tribune-jected their presents with the worda, that he pre-
ship is uncertain. According to an inscription ferred ruling over those who possessed gold, to
(Orelli, Inscript. Lut. No. 539) Appius the Blind possessing it himself. IIe was celebrated down to
was appointed interrex three times, and from Livy the latest times as one of the noblest specimens of
(x. 11) we know, that one of his inter-reigns ancient Roman simplicity and frugality. When
belongs to B. C. 299, but in that year Appius did after the conquest of the Sabines lands were dis-
not hold the elections, so that this cannot be the tributed among the people, he refused to take
year of the tribuneship of Dentatus.
In B. C. more than any other soldier, and it was probably
290 he was consul with P. Cornelius Rufinus, and on that occasion that the republic rewarded him
both fouglit against the Samnites and gained such with a house and 500 jugers of land. Ile is said
decisive victories over them, that the war which never to have been accompanied by more than two
had lasted for 49 years, was brought to a closc, grooms, when he went out as the commander of
and the Samnites sued for peace which was granted Roman armies, and to have died so poor, that the
to them. The consuls then triumphed over the republic found it necessary to provide a dowry for
Samnites. After the end of this campaign Curius his daughter. But such reports, especially the
Dentatus marched against the Sabines, who had latter, are exaggerations or misrepresentations, for
revolted from Rome and had probably supported the property which enabled a man to live com-
the Samnites. In this undertaking he was again fortably in the time of Curius, appeared to the
80 successful, that in one campaign the whole Romans of a later age hardly sufficient to live
country of the Sabines was reduced, and he ce- at all; and if the state gave a dowry to his
lebrated his second triumph in his first consulship. daughter, it does not follow that he was too poor
The Sabines then received the Roman civitas to provide her with it, for the republic may have
without the suffrage. (Vell. Pat. i. 14), but a por- given it to her as an acknowledgment of her fa-
tion of their territory was distributed among the ther's merits. Dentatus lived in intimate friend-
plebeians. (Niebuhr, Ilist. of Rome, iii. p. 420. ) ship with the greatest men of his time, and he has
In B. c. 283, Dentatus was appointed prae- acquired no less fame from the useful works he
tor in the place of L. Caecilius, who was slain constructed than from his victories orer Pyrrhus
in an engagement against the Senones, and he and the Samnites, and from his habits of the good
forth with sent ambassadors to the enemy to nego old times of Rome. In B. c. 272, during his cen-
tiate the ransom of the Roman prisoners; but his sorship, he built an aquaeduct (Aniensis Vetus),
ambassadors were murdered by the Senones. Au- which carried the water from the river Anio into
relius Victor mentions an oratio of Curius orer the the city. The expenses were covered by the booty
Lucanians, which according to Niebuhr (iii. p. which he had made in the war with Pyrrhus.
437) belonged either to B. C. 285 or the year pre. Two years later he was appointed duumvir to su-
vious. In B. c. 275 Curius Dentatus was consul perintend the building of the aquaeduct, but five
a second time. Pyrrhus was then returning from days after the appointment he died, and was thus
Sicily, and in the levy which Dentatus made to com- prevented from completing his work. (Frontin. de
plete the army, he set an example of the strictest Aquacduct. i. 6; Aur. Vict. de Vir. I. 33. ) He
severity, for the property of the first person that was further the benefactor of the town of Reate in
refused to serve was confiscated and sold, and when the country of the Sabines, for he dug a canal (or
the man remonstrated he himself too is said to have canals) from lake Velinus through the rocks, and
been sold. When the army was readı, Dentatus thus carried its water to a spot where it falls
marched into Samnium and defeated Pyrrhus near from a height of 140 feet into the river Nar
Beneventum and in the Arusinian plain so com- (Nera). This fall is the still celebrated fall of
pletely, that the king was obliged to quit Italy. Terni, or the cascade delle Marmore. The Rea-
The triumph which Dentatus celebrated in that year tians by that means gained a considerable district
over the Samnites and Pyrrhus was one of the of excellent arable land, which was called Kosea.
most magnificent that had ever been witnessed : / (Cic. ad Att. iv. 15, pro Scaur. 2 ; Serv. ad Aen.
it was adorned by four elephants, the first that vii. 712. ) A controversy has recently been raised
were ever seen at Rome. llis disinterestedness by Zumpt (. 1lhandl. der Berlin. Akademie for
and frugality on that occasion were truly worthy 1836, p. 155, &c. ) respecting the M. Curius, who
of a great Roman. All the booty that had been led the water of lake Velinus into the Xar. In
taken in the campaign against Pyrrhus was given the time of Cicero we find the town of Reate en-
up to the republic, but when he was nevertheless gaged in a law-suit with Interamna, whose terri-
charged with having appropriated to himself a por- tory was suffering on account of that canal, while
tion of it, he asserted on his oath that he had the territory of Reate was benefited by it. Zunpt
taken nothing except a wooden ressel which he naturally asks “how did it happen that Interamna
used in sacrificing to the gods. In the year fol- did not bring forward its complaints till two cen-
lowing, B. c. 274, he was elected consul a third turies and a half after the construction of the
time, and carried on the war against the Lucanians, canal ? ” and from the apparent impossibilty of
Samnites, and Bruttians, who still continued in finding a proper answer, he ventures upon the suppo-
arms after the defeat of Pyrrhus. When this war sition, that the canal from lake Velinus was a pri-
was brought to a close Curius Dentatus retired to
vate undertaking of the age of Cicero, and that
his fa. m in the country of the Sabines, where he M'. Curius who was quaestor in B. C. 60, was the
spent the remainder of his life and devoted him- author of the undertaking. But our ignorance of
self to agricultural pursuits, though still ready to any quarrels between Interamna and Reate before
serre his country when needed, for in B. c. 272 the time of Cicero, does not prove that there
he was invested with the censorship. Once the were no such quarrels previously, though a long
Samnites sent an embassy to him with costly pre- period might elapse before, perhaps owing to sone
The ambassadors found him on his farm, unfavourable season, the grievance was felt by In-
sitting at the hearth and roasting turnips. He re-
Thus we find that throughout the mid-
sents.
teranna.


## p. 993 (#1013) ###########################################

DERCYLLIDAS.
903
DERCYLLIDAS.
dle ages and even down to the middle of last con- under Strombichides. (Thuc. viii. 61, 62. ) In
tury, the inhabitants of Rcate (Rieti) and Inte- 1. c. 399 he was sent to supersede Thibron in the
ramna (Terni) had from time to time very serious command of the army which was employed in the
disputes about the canal. (J. H. Westphal
, Die protection of the Asiatic Greeks against Persia.
Rüm. Campaigne, p. 130. Comp. Liv. Epit. 11-14; On his arrival, he took advantage of the jealousy
Polyb. ii. 19; Oros. iii. 23, iv. 2; Eutrop. ii. 5, between Pharnabazus and Tissaphernes to divide
14; Florus, i. 18; Val. Max. iv. 3. & 5, vi. 3. & 4; their forces, and having made a truce with the
Varro, L. L. p. 280 ed. Bip. ; Plut. Pyrrh. 20, latter, proceeded against the midland Acolis, the
Apophth. Impor. 1, Cat. mai. 2; Plin. II. N. xvi. satrapy of Phamabazus, towards whom he enter-
73, xviii. 4; Zonaras, viii. 6; Cic. Brut. 14, de tained a personal dislike, as having been once
Senect. 13, 16, de Re Publ. iii. 28, de Amicit.