His ob-
servations, experiences, and discoveries have
been carefully noted by him, and published in
(Farthest North.
servations, experiences, and discoveries have
been carefully noted by him, and published in
(Farthest North.
Warner - World's Best Literature - v29 - BIographical Dictionary
An English nov-
elist; born at West Bromwich, Staffordshire,
April 13, 1847. He has been a journalist in
London. He has written numerous works,
among which are : (A Life's Atonement) (1879);
(Coals of Fire) (1881 ); (The Way of the
World' (new ed. 1886); "The Weaker Vessel
(1888); etc.
Murray, Grenville. An English miscella-
neous writer; born Oct. 2, 1824; died at Passy,
France, Dec. 20, 1881. He was in the diplo-
matic service 1845-68. A voluminous writer,
among his works were : (Dudley Cranbourne)
(1845), a novel ; (The Roving Englishman)
(1854); Embassies and Foreign Courts) (1856);
(The Member for Paris) (1871); “Young Brown)
(1874), both novels; (Turkey) (1877); (The
Russians of To-day) (1878); “Under the Lens,
Social Photographs) (2d ed. 1885); etc.
Murray, Hugh. A Scottish geographer;
born at North Berwick, 1779; died in Lon-
don, March 4, 1846. He was a clerk in the
excise office at Edinburgh, devoting his leis-
ure to literature, especially geography; edited
the Scots' Magazine. He wrote : (Histories of
Discoveries and Travels, consisting of Africa)
(2 vols. , 1817), Asia) (3 vols. , 1820), and
(North America) (2 vols. , 1829); Descriptive
Geography of British India(3 vols. ); (China)
(3 vols. ); United States) (3 vols. ); (Marco
Polo's Travels) (1 vol. , 1839); and (Encyclo-
pædia of Geography) (1834), his chief work.
Murray, James Augustin Henry. A dis-
tinguished British lexicographer; born in Den-
holm, Roxburghshire, Scotland, 1837. He has
long been compiling 'A New English Diction-
ary on Historical Principles) (first number 1888),
founded mainly on materials collected by the
Philological Society. The letters A and B, and
the greater part of C and E, had appeared by
1893, and G by 1897 ; and the work is now in
continuous publication. The aim of this dic-
tionary is to furnish an adequate account of
the meaning, origin, and history of English
words now in general use, or known to have
been in use at any time during the past 700
years. ) Its purpose is not to dictate to usage,
but to record usage. ” Dr. Murray has also
published ( Dialect of the Southern Counties of
Scotland,' and similar philological studies.
Murray, John Clark. A Canadian educator
and miscellaneous writer; born in Paisley, Scot-
land, March 19, 1836. In 1872 he became pro-
fessor of mental and moral philosophy in Mc-
Gill University, Montreal. He is the author
of “The Ballads and Songs of Scotland (1874);
(Handbook of Psychology) (1885); and (Solo-
mon Maimon: an Autobiography, translated
from the German, with notes and additions
(1888).
Murray, John O'Kane. An American physi-
cian and historian ; born in Glenariffe, County
Antrim, Ireland, Dec. 12, 1847; died in Chicago,
July 30, 1885. He was a man of unusual cult-
His most notable work was a Popular
History of the Catholic Church in the United
States) (1876). This was succeeded by (The
Prose and Poetry of Ireland) (1877); (The Cath-
olic Heroes and Heroines of America) (1878);
(The Catholic Pioneers of America) (1881);
and (Lessons in English Literature (1883).
Murray, Lindley, whose name was long a
synonym for grammar in America, was born
in Swatara, Pa. , April 22, 1745; died near
York, England, Feb. 16, 1826. From 1784 until
his death he was devoted to literary work.
His publications include: (Grammar of the
English Language) ( 1795, first ed. ), “The
Power of Religion on the Mind (1787); 'Com-
pendium of Religious Faith and Practice.
Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Lindley
Murray) was issued in 1826.
Murray, Nicholas. [« Kirwan. ” | An Ameri.
can Presbyterian clergyman, and controversial
and didactic writer; born in Ireland, Dec. 25,
1802; died 1861. He was settled at Elizabeth-
town, N. J. Among his works were : "Letters to
Bishop Hughes) (collective ed. revised and en-
larged, 1855), translated into several languages;
(Romanism at Home (1852); Men and Things
as I Saw Them in Europe) (1853); Preachers
and Preaching) (1860); etc.
Murray, William Henry Harrison. An
American preacher, lecturer, and miscellaneous
writer; born in Guilford, Conn. , April 26, 1840.
His publications include : (The Perfect Horse);
Adirondack Tales'; How Deacon Tubner
Kept New-Year's); (Daylight Land); Ad-
ventures in the Wilderness); Deacons); (Music
Hall Sermons); "Sermons from Park Street
Pulpit); (The Doom of Mamelons); (Words
Fitly Spoken'; etc.
Musäus, Johann Karl August (mö-zā'ös). A
German satirical writer; born at Jena, March
29, 1735; died at Weimar, Oct. 28, 1787. He was
professor at the Weimar gymnasium in 1770.
Among his works were: 'The German Grand-
ison' (1781-82), satirizing Richardson's novel
(Sir Charles Grandison ;) (Physiognomical Jour-
neys' (1778-79), satirizing Lavater; (Folk-Tales
of the Germans) (latest ed. Hamburg, 1870);
:
## p. 399 (#415) ############################################
MUSICK - MYRDDIN
399
a
>
)
(Ostrich Feathers) (1787), his chief production,
and for a long time very popular; etc.
Musick, John Roy. An American novelist
and historian; born in Missouri, 1849. His
home is at Kirksville, Mo. Among his nu-
merous works may be named: "Calamity
Row) (1887); (Brother Against Brother' (1887);
Mysterious Mr. Howard); etc. He wrote a
series of twelve American historical novels.
Musset, Louis Charles Alfred de (mü-sā').
One of the greatest three French poets of the
nineteenth century; born in Paris, Nov. II,
1810; died there, May 1, 1857. He studied
law and medicine, and tried business, each
for a short time; was librarian of the depart-
ment of the Interior (1838), and the department
of Public Instruction (1855). He wrote: (Tales
of Spain and Italy) (1830); (A Play in an
Arm-Chair) (1832); (A Night of May (1835);
(A Night of December ( 1835 ); (A Night of
August) (1836); (A Night of October (1837), -
the last four being his masterpieces ; (Letter to
Lamartine) (1836); Hope in God) (1838); etc.
The Nights, as well as the latter part of the
prose story (Confession of a Child of the Cen-
tury) (1836), related to his connection with
George Sand. Other notable stories were : (Em-
meline) (1837); (The Two Mistresses) (1837);
(Frederick and Bernerette) (1838); (Titian's
Son (1838); etc. He produced also a series of
graceful and original (Comedies and Proverbs,'
some of which hold the stage to-day: (One
Must Not Play with Love) (1834); "We Must
Swear to Nothing) (1836 ); (A Door Must be
either Open or Shut) (1845); etc. His life was
dissipated. (“Works,' best ed. 10 vols. , 1886. ) *
Muzzey, Artemas Bowers. An American
clergyman and miscellaneous writer; born in
Lexington, Mass. , Sept. 21, 1802; died in 1892.
In 1865 he retired from ministerial work. In-
cluded in his numerous publications are: “The
Young Man's Friend) (1836); (Man, a Soul
(1842); (The Higher Education) (1871); (Per-
sonal Recollections of Rev. Dr. Channing)
(1874-75); (Immortality in the Light of Script-
ure and Science) (1876); and Education of
Old Age) (1884).
Myers, Ernest James. An English poet,
brother of Frederic W. H. ; born at Keswick
in 1844. He was called to the bar (1874), but
never practiced. He has published: (The
Puritans) (1869); (Poems) (1877): (Defence of
Rome and Other Poems) (1880); Judgment
of Prometheus and Other Poems) (1886); etc. ;
besides translating the odes of Pindar (2d ed.
1884).
Myers, Frederic William Henry. An Eng-
lish poet and critic; born at Duffield, Feb. 6,
1843. He was classical lecturer at Trinity Col-
lege, Cambridge, 1865-68. He has written : (St.
Paul (new ed. 1879), in verse; (Wordsworth
(1880), in English Men of Letters); (Renewal
of Youth, and Other Poems) (1882); Essays,
Modern and Classical) (1883); (Science and a
Future Life) (1893), a volume of essays; etc.
He is one of the foremost writers in the prom-
inent English reviews. *
Myers, Peter Hamilton. An American
story-writer and lawyer; born in Herkimer,
N. Y. , Aug. 4, 1812; died in Brooklyn, N. Y. ,
Oct. 30, 1878. Among his published works are :
(The First of the Knickerbockers: A Tale of
1673' (1848); (The Young Patroon, or Christ-
mas in 1690) (1849); (The King of the Hu-
rons, republished in England as Blanche
Montaigne) (1856); and “The Prisoner of the
Border: A Tale of 1838) (1857).
Myers, Philip Van Ness. An American edu-
cator and historian; born in New York State,
1846. He was president of Belmont College,
Ohio, and has been dean of the University of
Cincinnati since 1895. He has written : (Re-
mains of Lost Empires) (1875); (Outlines of
Ancient History) (1882); (Outlines of Mediæ-
val and Modern History' (1886); "General His-
tory); etc.
Myrddin (mēr'din), Wyllt, - i. e. , the Mad.
(Called also Merlin. ) A Welsh poet; four-
ished 580 (? ). Hardly anything is known of
his life. In mediæval Welsh literature he is
credited with being the author of six poems,
which can be found in the 'Myryrian ‘Archæ-
ology) (2d ed. , pages 104-18, 348).
## p. 400 (#416) ############################################
400
NABUCO DE ARAUJO – NAPIER
N
(
a
Nabuco de Araujo, José Tito (nä-bö'ko dā
är-ä-ö'zho). A Brazilian historical and dra.
matic writer; born in Rio Janeiro, Jan. 4, 1836.
He has written (The Son of Chance,' a drama
which has been successfully represented in
several of the South-American cities; (Maxims
and Thoughts) (1876); Life of Lamartine)
(1877); Life of General Gurjao) (1878); and
(Poems) (1879).
Nack, James. An American verse-writer;
born in New York city, Jan. 4, 1809; died there,
Sept. 23, 1879. He labored under the disability
of being deaf and dumb. His popular verses
include (Spring Is Coming, Here She Goes
and There She Goes,' and the volumes (The
Legend of the Rocks) (1827); (The Immortal,
and Other Poems) (1850); Poems (1852); and
(The Romance of the Ring, and Other Poems)
(1859).
Nadal, Ehrman Syme. An American jour-
nalist, lecturer, and author; born at Lewisburg,
W. Va. , Feb. 13, 1843. He was secretary of the
United States legation at London, 1870-71 and
1877-84. He is a frequent contributor to maga-
zines. His chief works are : Impressions of
London Social Life) (1875); “Essays at Home
and Elsewhere? (1882); "Zweiback, or Notes
of a Professional Exile) (1887).
Nadaud, Gustave (nä-do'). A French song-
writer and composer; born in Roubaix, Feb.
20, 1820; died in Paris, April 28, 1893. Не
published: (Songs) ( 1849 ); More Songs)
(1873); (Unpublished Songs) (1876); and (New
Songs) (2d ed. 1892). He composed the music
for many of them. He also wrote a novel
called (An Idyll (2d ed. 1886).
Naden, Constance C. W. An English poet;
born in Birmingham, 1858; died in London (? ),
1889. She studied sociological problems, and
lectured with effect; but is chiefly remembered
for her volumes of (Songs and Sonnets of
Springtime) (1881), and A Modern Apostle,
etc. (1887).
Nævius, Cneius (nē've-us). A Roman poet;
born in Campania, B. C. 272 (? ); died B. C.
204 (? ). He wrote dramas and an epic on the
Punic wars, but only fragments of his works are
extant. The ancients, Cicero in particular, con-
sidered him a great genius.
Naharro, Bartolomé de Torres (nä-är'o).
A Spanish dramatist who flourished in the six-
teenth century. He entered the clerical body,
but his career otherwise is little known. His
pieces are among the earliest specimens of
Spanish drama. The best are probably (Sol-
dadesca) (Soldiery), and the (Tinelaria. The
Propaladia) was condemned by the Inquisi-
tion.
Nairne, Lady (Carolina Oliphant). A
Scotch poet; born at Gask, Perthshire, 1766;
died there, 1845. She attained universal celeb-
rity in Scotland through her poetry, the most
popular among her productions being : ( The
Land of the Leal (1798); "Caller Herrin'; and
(The Laird o' Cockpen. ' *
Najac, Émile, Count de (nä-zhäk'). A French
dramatist; born in Lorient, Morbihan, 1828 ;
died in Paris, 1869. He produced: (Caged
Birds) (1863); (The Last Doll (1875); Madam
Is Served! (1874); and 'Let Us Divorce! )
(1880). He has also collaborated with Meilhac,
Sardou, and Hennequin.
Nannarelli, Fabio (nä-nä-rel'le). An Italian
poet; born in Rome, Oct. 25, 1825; died in
Corneto Tarquinia, May 1894. His early studies
were elaborate, and he held a professorship of
literature at the University of Rome for years.
His poetry shows the influence of classic mod-
els, particularly the collections entitled Poems)
(1853), and New Poems) (1850). His essays
and studies appear in various volumes, and
his later poems include New Lyrics) (1881).
Nansen, Fridtjof (nän'sen). A Norwegian
Arctic explorer; born near Christiania, Oct. 10,
1861. For many years he has devoted himself
to Arctic exploration, aiming especially to reach
the North Pole, which he has approached much
more nearly than any other explorer.
His ob-
servations, experiences, and discoveries have
been carefully noted by him, and published in
(Farthest North. *
Naphegi, Gabor. An American-Hungarian
miscellaneous writer; born in Buda-Pesth in
1824; died in 1884. He became a naturalized
American citizen in 1868. Among his works
are : Among the Arabs) (1868); (An Album
of Language) (1869); (Ghardia; or, Ninety
Days in the Desert) (1871); (The Grand Re-
view of the Dead,' poems.
Napier, Charles James, Sir. An English
soldier and military writer; born in London,
Aug. 10, 1782; died Aug. 29, 1853. He had a
very distinguished military career, and wrote
important books based on his experiences; in-
cluding Lights and Shades of Military Life)
(2d ed. 1853), and Letter on the Defense of
England by Corps of Volunteers and Militia!
(1852).
Napier, Charles John, Sir. A British vice-
admiral and military and naval historian; born
in Scotland, March 6, 1786; died Nov. 6, 1860.
He held high command, and was a great naval
tactician. His writings include: (The War in
Portugal between Pedro and Miguel) (1836);
(The War in Syria) (1842); «The Navy)
## p. 401 (#417) ############################################
NAPIER- NEALE
401
(1850); and History of the Baltic Campaign
(1857).
Napier, Henry Edward. An English naval
commander and historian, brother of Sir Charles
James; born in 1789; died in 1853. His best-
known work is Florentine History from the
Earliest Authentic Records) (6 vols. , 1847).
Napier, William Francis Patrick, Sir. A
British soldier and historian; born in Ireland,
Dec. 17, 1785; died Feb. 10, 1860. He saw
much active service, his earliest experiences
being in the wars against Napoleon. In litera-
ture he ranks among the greatest of military
historians through his "History of the War in the
Peninsula) (1828–40), a masterpiece and a classic.
Napoleon III. (Charles Louis Napoleon
Bonaparte). Emperor of the French (1852–70);
born at Paris, April 20, 1808; died at Chisel-
hurst, England, Jan. 9, 1873. He was the os-
tensible author of History of Julius Cæsar
(1865-66), an important and valuable work;
Victor Duruy was his collaborator.
Nares, Edward. An English story-writer
and biographer; born in London, 1762; died
1841. He was a clergyman, who held the pro-
fessorship of modern history at Oxford for a
time. His writings include (Thinks I to My-
self) (1811), a novel; and Life and Adminis-
tration of Lord Burghley) (1828-31).
Naruszewicz, Adam Stanislas (nä-rös'è.
vich). A Polish historian and poet ; born in
Lithuania, 1733; died 1796. He entered the
Jesuit order and became a bishop, devoting
his leisure to literature. His masterpiece is a
"History of the Polish People) (new ed. 10
vols. , 1836). His idyls and satires are the best
of his poetic pieces. He made a good Polish
version of Tacitus.
Nasby, Petroleum v. See Locke.
Nascimento, Francisco Manoël do (näs-che-
men'to). ["Filinto Elysio. ”] A Portuguese
poet; born in Lisbon, 1734; died 1819. He
won a prominent place in his country's liter-
ature with a version of La Fontaine's fables,
but it is to his (Odes) and other poems that
he owes his greatest eminence.
Nash, Thomas. An English satirical poet,
dramatist, and novelist; born in Lowestoft, Suf-
folk, 1567 (? ); died in London, 1601. His (An-
atomy of Absurdities) (1589), a satire, was very
successful; as were his (Return of Pasquil)
(1589), and Pasquil's Apology) (1590). His
best work was the romance called (The Unfor-
tunate Traveler; or, The Life of Jack Wilton)
(1594). "Summer's Last Will and Testament)
(1600), a comedy, is known to students of liter-
ature.
Nason, Elias. An American clergyman, bi-
ographer, and religious writer ; born in Wrent-
ham, Mass. , April 21, 1811; died in North Bil-
lerica, Mass. , June 17, 1887. Among his works
are : "Life of Governor Andrew) (1868); Life
of Charles Sumner) (1874); "Lives of Moody
and Sankey) (1877); (Originality) (1882).
Nason, Mrs. Emma (Huntington). An
American poet; born in Maine in 1845. She
is a resident of Augusta, Me. Her works are
(White Sails) (1888), and “The Tower, with
Legends and Lyrics.
Navarrete, Manuel Maria de (nä-vä-rā'tā).
A Mexican poet; born in Zamora, Mechoacan,
June 18, 1768; died in Tlalpujahua, July 17,
1809. His principal work is (Poem on the
Divine Providence) (1808). Before his death
he burned his manuscripts. The few which
escaped destruction were published under the
title of Poetical Entertainments) (Mexico,
1823; Paris, 1825).
Navarrete, Martin Fernandez de. A Span.
ish historian and scholar; born in Abalos, Nov.
9, 1765; died Oct. 8, 1844. He paid particular
attention to geographical science and to the
historical side of discovery, his best work being
(Collection of Voyages and Discoveries Made
by the Spaniards since the End of the Fifteenth
Century) (1825-37).
Navarro, Madame de - Mary (Antoinette)
Anderson. An American actress; born in Sac-
ramento, Cal. , 1859. She won fame both in
the United States and England. In 1890 she
retired from the stage and married Antonio
F. de Navarro. Her autobiography, A Few
Memories) (1896), is an interesting work.
Neal, Daniel. An English historian; born
in London, 1678; died 1743. He was a widely
known Dissenting clergyman. His principal
writings are: (History of the Puritans) (1732-
38); and History of New England (1720).
Neal, John. An American poet and author;
born in Falmouth, Mass. , now Portland, Me. ,
Aug. 25, 1793; died there, June 21, 1876. He
was a member of the Society of Friends, but
left it at 25. Later in life he figured as editor,
lecturer, lawyer, poet, novelist, and teacher of
gymnastics. Among his numerous works are :
(Keep Cool (1817), a novel; “The Battle of
Niagara) (1818), a poem ; (Brother Jonathan
(1825); (Rachel Dyer) (1828), a novel; (Down-
easters) (1833), a novel ; (Wandering Recollec-
tions of a Somewhat Busy Life) (1870).
Neal, Joseph Clay. An American journal-
ist and humorist; born at Greenland, N. H. ,
Feb. 3, 1807; died at Philadelphia, July 18, 1847.
He was editor of the Pennsylvanian from 1831
to 1844, when he founded the Saturday Gazette.
His works are : Charcoal Sketches) (1837);
Peter Ploddy and Other Oddities) (1844).
Neale, John Mason. A notable English
church historian and poet; born in London,
Jan. 24, 1818; died at East Grinstead, Aug. 6,
1866. He was an extreme High-Churchman;
founded a sisterhood, was inhibited from church
ministrations for 14 years, and once burned in
effigy. His translations of Latin and Greek
hymns are among the finest religious lyrics in
the language : the most famous are "Art Thou
Weary) and Jerusalem the Golden. His best.
known books are : History of the Holy Eastern
Church'; Mediæval Ilymns); Hymns of the
26
## p. 402 (#418) ############################################
NEANDER - NEWHALL
402
:
Eastern Church'; and History of the So-called
Jansenist Church of Holland.
Neander, Johann August Wilhelm (nā-än'.
der). A German church historian; born in
Göttingen, Jan. 17, 1789; died at Berlin, July 14,
1850. He was of Jewish extraction, but earnest
in the advancement of Christianity. His prin.
cipal works include : « The Emperor Julian and
his Times) (1812); Memorable Occurrences
from the History of Christianity and Christian
Life) (1822); History of the Planting of the
Apostolic Church (1832); Universal History
of the Christian Religion and Church) (1843);
and many others.
Neele, Henry. An English poet; born in
London, 1798; died 1828. He was a lawyer,
but devoted his leisure to literature, writing
Dramatic Scenes); Odes and Other Poems)
(1817); and editing an edition of Shakespeare.
Negri, Ada (nā'grē) - Mme. Garlanda. An
Italian poet; born in Lodi, Feb. 3, 1870. She
has written in mournful numbers of the suf-
ferings of the poor, the best collection of her
verse being in the volume (Fatality' (or (Fate):
1892); but excellent poems are contained in
(Storms) (1895).
Negruzzi, Jakob (nā-gröts'ē). A Roumanian
poet, son of Konstantin; born in Jassy, Jan.
11, 1843. He is a member of the Roumanian
Academy, and founder of the periodical Con-
vorbiri Literare. His volumes of (Poems, and
(Copies from Nature, the latter made up of
sketches and tales, have been widely read.
Negruzzi, Konstantin. A Roumanian poet
and prose-writer; born in Jassy, 1808; died there,
1868. He wrote many verses and plays, the
historical poem (Aprode Purice,' and the his-
torical sketch Alexander Lepusneanu. His
best verse is in the volume entitled (Youthful
Sins.
Nekrassov, Nikolai Alexejevich(nā-kräs'ov).
A Russian poet; born in Podolia, Dec. 4, 1821 ;
died in St. Petersburg, Jan. 8, 1888. He is one
of the most important figures in the literature
of his country; and his 'Poems) (1845), and
(Last Poems) (1877), gave him great celebrity.
He contributed to periodical literature, and
edited Sovremmenik (Contemporaries).
Nelson, Henry Loomis. An American jour-
nalist and author; born in New York State in
1846. He is at present editor of Harper's
Weekly. Among his works are : "Our Unjust
Tariff Law) (1884); John Rantoul' (1885), a
novel.
Nemcová, Bozena (nyem'tsõ-vä). A Czech
poet and story-writer; born (Pankl) in Vienna,
Feb. 4. 1820; died in Prague, Jan. 21, 1862.
She studied the folk-lore of the Czechs, and
embodied it in poetic narratives, notably (Little
Grandmother, and the Little Mountain Vil-
lage.
Nepos, Cornelius (nē'pos). A Roman bi.
ographer and historian; born in Ticinum (? ),
99 (? ) B. C. ; died 24 (? ) B. C. His "Lives)
of eminent men are preserved, and much used
as school text-books from their simplicity of
style.
Néruda, Jan (nyer-ö'dä). A Czech poet;
born in Prague, July 10, 1834; died there, Aug.
22, 1891. He was noted in periodical journal-
ism ; while as a poet he is distinguished for his
Book of Verse) (1867), 'Cosmic Songs) (2d
ed. 1878), and various plays, including 'Fran-
cesca da Rimini. His Humble Histories)
(1878), a series of sketches of Czech lite, at-
tained great popularity.
Nerval, Gerard de. See Gerard de Nerval.
Nettement, Alfred François (net-män'). A
French journalist; born in Paris, 1805; died 1809.
He acquired note with his History of the
Revolution of July 1830) (1833), and History
of French Literature under the Reign of Louis
Philippe.
Nevay, John. A Scotch poet; born at For-
far, Jan. 28, 1792; died May 1870. His lyrics
are contained in A Pamphlet of Rhymes!
(1818); “The Child of Nature (1835), a verse
collection; and other volumes.
Nevin, William Channing. An American
lawyer and journalist ; born in New Athens, O. ,
in 1844. He was admitted to the bar in 1871;
and has written for Philadelphia journals. His
works include :'History of All Religions) (1871);
(Ghouls and Gold (1885); “In the Nick of
Time) (1886); (A Summer School Adventure!
(1887).
Nevinson, Henry W. An English story-writer;
born 18— He has been a contributor of fic-
tion to London periodicals for some time; a
collection of his tales, called "Slum Stories of
London (1895), being very popular.
Newcastle, Duchess of. See Cavendish.
Newcomb, Simon. An American astronomer
of distinction, scientist, and author; born of
United States parents in Wallace, N. S. , March
12, 1835. Among his most important works are :
(Popular Astronomy) (1877); (School Astron.
omy,' with E. S. Holden (1879); a series of
text-books on (Algebra' (1881), (Geometry)
(1881), «Trigonometry) (1882), and Calculus)
(1887).
Newell, Robert Henry. [“Orpheus C.
elist; born at West Bromwich, Staffordshire,
April 13, 1847. He has been a journalist in
London. He has written numerous works,
among which are : (A Life's Atonement) (1879);
(Coals of Fire) (1881 ); (The Way of the
World' (new ed. 1886); "The Weaker Vessel
(1888); etc.
Murray, Grenville. An English miscella-
neous writer; born Oct. 2, 1824; died at Passy,
France, Dec. 20, 1881. He was in the diplo-
matic service 1845-68. A voluminous writer,
among his works were : (Dudley Cranbourne)
(1845), a novel ; (The Roving Englishman)
(1854); Embassies and Foreign Courts) (1856);
(The Member for Paris) (1871); “Young Brown)
(1874), both novels; (Turkey) (1877); (The
Russians of To-day) (1878); “Under the Lens,
Social Photographs) (2d ed. 1885); etc.
Murray, Hugh. A Scottish geographer;
born at North Berwick, 1779; died in Lon-
don, March 4, 1846. He was a clerk in the
excise office at Edinburgh, devoting his leis-
ure to literature, especially geography; edited
the Scots' Magazine. He wrote : (Histories of
Discoveries and Travels, consisting of Africa)
(2 vols. , 1817), Asia) (3 vols. , 1820), and
(North America) (2 vols. , 1829); Descriptive
Geography of British India(3 vols. ); (China)
(3 vols. ); United States) (3 vols. ); (Marco
Polo's Travels) (1 vol. , 1839); and (Encyclo-
pædia of Geography) (1834), his chief work.
Murray, James Augustin Henry. A dis-
tinguished British lexicographer; born in Den-
holm, Roxburghshire, Scotland, 1837. He has
long been compiling 'A New English Diction-
ary on Historical Principles) (first number 1888),
founded mainly on materials collected by the
Philological Society. The letters A and B, and
the greater part of C and E, had appeared by
1893, and G by 1897 ; and the work is now in
continuous publication. The aim of this dic-
tionary is to furnish an adequate account of
the meaning, origin, and history of English
words now in general use, or known to have
been in use at any time during the past 700
years. ) Its purpose is not to dictate to usage,
but to record usage. ” Dr. Murray has also
published ( Dialect of the Southern Counties of
Scotland,' and similar philological studies.
Murray, John Clark. A Canadian educator
and miscellaneous writer; born in Paisley, Scot-
land, March 19, 1836. In 1872 he became pro-
fessor of mental and moral philosophy in Mc-
Gill University, Montreal. He is the author
of “The Ballads and Songs of Scotland (1874);
(Handbook of Psychology) (1885); and (Solo-
mon Maimon: an Autobiography, translated
from the German, with notes and additions
(1888).
Murray, John O'Kane. An American physi-
cian and historian ; born in Glenariffe, County
Antrim, Ireland, Dec. 12, 1847; died in Chicago,
July 30, 1885. He was a man of unusual cult-
His most notable work was a Popular
History of the Catholic Church in the United
States) (1876). This was succeeded by (The
Prose and Poetry of Ireland) (1877); (The Cath-
olic Heroes and Heroines of America) (1878);
(The Catholic Pioneers of America) (1881);
and (Lessons in English Literature (1883).
Murray, Lindley, whose name was long a
synonym for grammar in America, was born
in Swatara, Pa. , April 22, 1745; died near
York, England, Feb. 16, 1826. From 1784 until
his death he was devoted to literary work.
His publications include: (Grammar of the
English Language) ( 1795, first ed. ), “The
Power of Religion on the Mind (1787); 'Com-
pendium of Religious Faith and Practice.
Memoirs of the Life and Writings of Lindley
Murray) was issued in 1826.
Murray, Nicholas. [« Kirwan. ” | An Ameri.
can Presbyterian clergyman, and controversial
and didactic writer; born in Ireland, Dec. 25,
1802; died 1861. He was settled at Elizabeth-
town, N. J. Among his works were : "Letters to
Bishop Hughes) (collective ed. revised and en-
larged, 1855), translated into several languages;
(Romanism at Home (1852); Men and Things
as I Saw Them in Europe) (1853); Preachers
and Preaching) (1860); etc.
Murray, William Henry Harrison. An
American preacher, lecturer, and miscellaneous
writer; born in Guilford, Conn. , April 26, 1840.
His publications include : (The Perfect Horse);
Adirondack Tales'; How Deacon Tubner
Kept New-Year's); (Daylight Land); Ad-
ventures in the Wilderness); Deacons); (Music
Hall Sermons); "Sermons from Park Street
Pulpit); (The Doom of Mamelons); (Words
Fitly Spoken'; etc.
Musäus, Johann Karl August (mö-zā'ös). A
German satirical writer; born at Jena, March
29, 1735; died at Weimar, Oct. 28, 1787. He was
professor at the Weimar gymnasium in 1770.
Among his works were: 'The German Grand-
ison' (1781-82), satirizing Richardson's novel
(Sir Charles Grandison ;) (Physiognomical Jour-
neys' (1778-79), satirizing Lavater; (Folk-Tales
of the Germans) (latest ed. Hamburg, 1870);
:
## p. 399 (#415) ############################################
MUSICK - MYRDDIN
399
a
>
)
(Ostrich Feathers) (1787), his chief production,
and for a long time very popular; etc.
Musick, John Roy. An American novelist
and historian; born in Missouri, 1849. His
home is at Kirksville, Mo. Among his nu-
merous works may be named: "Calamity
Row) (1887); (Brother Against Brother' (1887);
Mysterious Mr. Howard); etc. He wrote a
series of twelve American historical novels.
Musset, Louis Charles Alfred de (mü-sā').
One of the greatest three French poets of the
nineteenth century; born in Paris, Nov. II,
1810; died there, May 1, 1857. He studied
law and medicine, and tried business, each
for a short time; was librarian of the depart-
ment of the Interior (1838), and the department
of Public Instruction (1855). He wrote: (Tales
of Spain and Italy) (1830); (A Play in an
Arm-Chair) (1832); (A Night of May (1835);
(A Night of December ( 1835 ); (A Night of
August) (1836); (A Night of October (1837), -
the last four being his masterpieces ; (Letter to
Lamartine) (1836); Hope in God) (1838); etc.
The Nights, as well as the latter part of the
prose story (Confession of a Child of the Cen-
tury) (1836), related to his connection with
George Sand. Other notable stories were : (Em-
meline) (1837); (The Two Mistresses) (1837);
(Frederick and Bernerette) (1838); (Titian's
Son (1838); etc. He produced also a series of
graceful and original (Comedies and Proverbs,'
some of which hold the stage to-day: (One
Must Not Play with Love) (1834); "We Must
Swear to Nothing) (1836 ); (A Door Must be
either Open or Shut) (1845); etc. His life was
dissipated. (“Works,' best ed. 10 vols. , 1886. ) *
Muzzey, Artemas Bowers. An American
clergyman and miscellaneous writer; born in
Lexington, Mass. , Sept. 21, 1802; died in 1892.
In 1865 he retired from ministerial work. In-
cluded in his numerous publications are: “The
Young Man's Friend) (1836); (Man, a Soul
(1842); (The Higher Education) (1871); (Per-
sonal Recollections of Rev. Dr. Channing)
(1874-75); (Immortality in the Light of Script-
ure and Science) (1876); and Education of
Old Age) (1884).
Myers, Ernest James. An English poet,
brother of Frederic W. H. ; born at Keswick
in 1844. He was called to the bar (1874), but
never practiced. He has published: (The
Puritans) (1869); (Poems) (1877): (Defence of
Rome and Other Poems) (1880); Judgment
of Prometheus and Other Poems) (1886); etc. ;
besides translating the odes of Pindar (2d ed.
1884).
Myers, Frederic William Henry. An Eng-
lish poet and critic; born at Duffield, Feb. 6,
1843. He was classical lecturer at Trinity Col-
lege, Cambridge, 1865-68. He has written : (St.
Paul (new ed. 1879), in verse; (Wordsworth
(1880), in English Men of Letters); (Renewal
of Youth, and Other Poems) (1882); Essays,
Modern and Classical) (1883); (Science and a
Future Life) (1893), a volume of essays; etc.
He is one of the foremost writers in the prom-
inent English reviews. *
Myers, Peter Hamilton. An American
story-writer and lawyer; born in Herkimer,
N. Y. , Aug. 4, 1812; died in Brooklyn, N. Y. ,
Oct. 30, 1878. Among his published works are :
(The First of the Knickerbockers: A Tale of
1673' (1848); (The Young Patroon, or Christ-
mas in 1690) (1849); (The King of the Hu-
rons, republished in England as Blanche
Montaigne) (1856); and “The Prisoner of the
Border: A Tale of 1838) (1857).
Myers, Philip Van Ness. An American edu-
cator and historian; born in New York State,
1846. He was president of Belmont College,
Ohio, and has been dean of the University of
Cincinnati since 1895. He has written : (Re-
mains of Lost Empires) (1875); (Outlines of
Ancient History) (1882); (Outlines of Mediæ-
val and Modern History' (1886); "General His-
tory); etc.
Myrddin (mēr'din), Wyllt, - i. e. , the Mad.
(Called also Merlin. ) A Welsh poet; four-
ished 580 (? ). Hardly anything is known of
his life. In mediæval Welsh literature he is
credited with being the author of six poems,
which can be found in the 'Myryrian ‘Archæ-
ology) (2d ed. , pages 104-18, 348).
## p. 400 (#416) ############################################
400
NABUCO DE ARAUJO – NAPIER
N
(
a
Nabuco de Araujo, José Tito (nä-bö'ko dā
är-ä-ö'zho). A Brazilian historical and dra.
matic writer; born in Rio Janeiro, Jan. 4, 1836.
He has written (The Son of Chance,' a drama
which has been successfully represented in
several of the South-American cities; (Maxims
and Thoughts) (1876); Life of Lamartine)
(1877); Life of General Gurjao) (1878); and
(Poems) (1879).
Nack, James. An American verse-writer;
born in New York city, Jan. 4, 1809; died there,
Sept. 23, 1879. He labored under the disability
of being deaf and dumb. His popular verses
include (Spring Is Coming, Here She Goes
and There She Goes,' and the volumes (The
Legend of the Rocks) (1827); (The Immortal,
and Other Poems) (1850); Poems (1852); and
(The Romance of the Ring, and Other Poems)
(1859).
Nadal, Ehrman Syme. An American jour-
nalist, lecturer, and author; born at Lewisburg,
W. Va. , Feb. 13, 1843. He was secretary of the
United States legation at London, 1870-71 and
1877-84. He is a frequent contributor to maga-
zines. His chief works are : Impressions of
London Social Life) (1875); “Essays at Home
and Elsewhere? (1882); "Zweiback, or Notes
of a Professional Exile) (1887).
Nadaud, Gustave (nä-do'). A French song-
writer and composer; born in Roubaix, Feb.
20, 1820; died in Paris, April 28, 1893. Не
published: (Songs) ( 1849 ); More Songs)
(1873); (Unpublished Songs) (1876); and (New
Songs) (2d ed. 1892). He composed the music
for many of them. He also wrote a novel
called (An Idyll (2d ed. 1886).
Naden, Constance C. W. An English poet;
born in Birmingham, 1858; died in London (? ),
1889. She studied sociological problems, and
lectured with effect; but is chiefly remembered
for her volumes of (Songs and Sonnets of
Springtime) (1881), and A Modern Apostle,
etc. (1887).
Nævius, Cneius (nē've-us). A Roman poet;
born in Campania, B. C. 272 (? ); died B. C.
204 (? ). He wrote dramas and an epic on the
Punic wars, but only fragments of his works are
extant. The ancients, Cicero in particular, con-
sidered him a great genius.
Naharro, Bartolomé de Torres (nä-är'o).
A Spanish dramatist who flourished in the six-
teenth century. He entered the clerical body,
but his career otherwise is little known. His
pieces are among the earliest specimens of
Spanish drama. The best are probably (Sol-
dadesca) (Soldiery), and the (Tinelaria. The
Propaladia) was condemned by the Inquisi-
tion.
Nairne, Lady (Carolina Oliphant). A
Scotch poet; born at Gask, Perthshire, 1766;
died there, 1845. She attained universal celeb-
rity in Scotland through her poetry, the most
popular among her productions being : ( The
Land of the Leal (1798); "Caller Herrin'; and
(The Laird o' Cockpen. ' *
Najac, Émile, Count de (nä-zhäk'). A French
dramatist; born in Lorient, Morbihan, 1828 ;
died in Paris, 1869. He produced: (Caged
Birds) (1863); (The Last Doll (1875); Madam
Is Served! (1874); and 'Let Us Divorce! )
(1880). He has also collaborated with Meilhac,
Sardou, and Hennequin.
Nannarelli, Fabio (nä-nä-rel'le). An Italian
poet; born in Rome, Oct. 25, 1825; died in
Corneto Tarquinia, May 1894. His early studies
were elaborate, and he held a professorship of
literature at the University of Rome for years.
His poetry shows the influence of classic mod-
els, particularly the collections entitled Poems)
(1853), and New Poems) (1850). His essays
and studies appear in various volumes, and
his later poems include New Lyrics) (1881).
Nansen, Fridtjof (nän'sen). A Norwegian
Arctic explorer; born near Christiania, Oct. 10,
1861. For many years he has devoted himself
to Arctic exploration, aiming especially to reach
the North Pole, which he has approached much
more nearly than any other explorer.
His ob-
servations, experiences, and discoveries have
been carefully noted by him, and published in
(Farthest North. *
Naphegi, Gabor. An American-Hungarian
miscellaneous writer; born in Buda-Pesth in
1824; died in 1884. He became a naturalized
American citizen in 1868. Among his works
are : Among the Arabs) (1868); (An Album
of Language) (1869); (Ghardia; or, Ninety
Days in the Desert) (1871); (The Grand Re-
view of the Dead,' poems.
Napier, Charles James, Sir. An English
soldier and military writer; born in London,
Aug. 10, 1782; died Aug. 29, 1853. He had a
very distinguished military career, and wrote
important books based on his experiences; in-
cluding Lights and Shades of Military Life)
(2d ed. 1853), and Letter on the Defense of
England by Corps of Volunteers and Militia!
(1852).
Napier, Charles John, Sir. A British vice-
admiral and military and naval historian; born
in Scotland, March 6, 1786; died Nov. 6, 1860.
He held high command, and was a great naval
tactician. His writings include: (The War in
Portugal between Pedro and Miguel) (1836);
(The War in Syria) (1842); «The Navy)
## p. 401 (#417) ############################################
NAPIER- NEALE
401
(1850); and History of the Baltic Campaign
(1857).
Napier, Henry Edward. An English naval
commander and historian, brother of Sir Charles
James; born in 1789; died in 1853. His best-
known work is Florentine History from the
Earliest Authentic Records) (6 vols. , 1847).
Napier, William Francis Patrick, Sir. A
British soldier and historian; born in Ireland,
Dec. 17, 1785; died Feb. 10, 1860. He saw
much active service, his earliest experiences
being in the wars against Napoleon. In litera-
ture he ranks among the greatest of military
historians through his "History of the War in the
Peninsula) (1828–40), a masterpiece and a classic.
Napoleon III. (Charles Louis Napoleon
Bonaparte). Emperor of the French (1852–70);
born at Paris, April 20, 1808; died at Chisel-
hurst, England, Jan. 9, 1873. He was the os-
tensible author of History of Julius Cæsar
(1865-66), an important and valuable work;
Victor Duruy was his collaborator.
Nares, Edward. An English story-writer
and biographer; born in London, 1762; died
1841. He was a clergyman, who held the pro-
fessorship of modern history at Oxford for a
time. His writings include (Thinks I to My-
self) (1811), a novel; and Life and Adminis-
tration of Lord Burghley) (1828-31).
Naruszewicz, Adam Stanislas (nä-rös'è.
vich). A Polish historian and poet ; born in
Lithuania, 1733; died 1796. He entered the
Jesuit order and became a bishop, devoting
his leisure to literature. His masterpiece is a
"History of the Polish People) (new ed. 10
vols. , 1836). His idyls and satires are the best
of his poetic pieces. He made a good Polish
version of Tacitus.
Nasby, Petroleum v. See Locke.
Nascimento, Francisco Manoël do (näs-che-
men'to). ["Filinto Elysio. ”] A Portuguese
poet; born in Lisbon, 1734; died 1819. He
won a prominent place in his country's liter-
ature with a version of La Fontaine's fables,
but it is to his (Odes) and other poems that
he owes his greatest eminence.
Nash, Thomas. An English satirical poet,
dramatist, and novelist; born in Lowestoft, Suf-
folk, 1567 (? ); died in London, 1601. His (An-
atomy of Absurdities) (1589), a satire, was very
successful; as were his (Return of Pasquil)
(1589), and Pasquil's Apology) (1590). His
best work was the romance called (The Unfor-
tunate Traveler; or, The Life of Jack Wilton)
(1594). "Summer's Last Will and Testament)
(1600), a comedy, is known to students of liter-
ature.
Nason, Elias. An American clergyman, bi-
ographer, and religious writer ; born in Wrent-
ham, Mass. , April 21, 1811; died in North Bil-
lerica, Mass. , June 17, 1887. Among his works
are : "Life of Governor Andrew) (1868); Life
of Charles Sumner) (1874); "Lives of Moody
and Sankey) (1877); (Originality) (1882).
Nason, Mrs. Emma (Huntington). An
American poet; born in Maine in 1845. She
is a resident of Augusta, Me. Her works are
(White Sails) (1888), and “The Tower, with
Legends and Lyrics.
Navarrete, Manuel Maria de (nä-vä-rā'tā).
A Mexican poet; born in Zamora, Mechoacan,
June 18, 1768; died in Tlalpujahua, July 17,
1809. His principal work is (Poem on the
Divine Providence) (1808). Before his death
he burned his manuscripts. The few which
escaped destruction were published under the
title of Poetical Entertainments) (Mexico,
1823; Paris, 1825).
Navarrete, Martin Fernandez de. A Span.
ish historian and scholar; born in Abalos, Nov.
9, 1765; died Oct. 8, 1844. He paid particular
attention to geographical science and to the
historical side of discovery, his best work being
(Collection of Voyages and Discoveries Made
by the Spaniards since the End of the Fifteenth
Century) (1825-37).
Navarro, Madame de - Mary (Antoinette)
Anderson. An American actress; born in Sac-
ramento, Cal. , 1859. She won fame both in
the United States and England. In 1890 she
retired from the stage and married Antonio
F. de Navarro. Her autobiography, A Few
Memories) (1896), is an interesting work.
Neal, Daniel. An English historian; born
in London, 1678; died 1743. He was a widely
known Dissenting clergyman. His principal
writings are: (History of the Puritans) (1732-
38); and History of New England (1720).
Neal, John. An American poet and author;
born in Falmouth, Mass. , now Portland, Me. ,
Aug. 25, 1793; died there, June 21, 1876. He
was a member of the Society of Friends, but
left it at 25. Later in life he figured as editor,
lecturer, lawyer, poet, novelist, and teacher of
gymnastics. Among his numerous works are :
(Keep Cool (1817), a novel; “The Battle of
Niagara) (1818), a poem ; (Brother Jonathan
(1825); (Rachel Dyer) (1828), a novel; (Down-
easters) (1833), a novel ; (Wandering Recollec-
tions of a Somewhat Busy Life) (1870).
Neal, Joseph Clay. An American journal-
ist and humorist; born at Greenland, N. H. ,
Feb. 3, 1807; died at Philadelphia, July 18, 1847.
He was editor of the Pennsylvanian from 1831
to 1844, when he founded the Saturday Gazette.
His works are : Charcoal Sketches) (1837);
Peter Ploddy and Other Oddities) (1844).
Neale, John Mason. A notable English
church historian and poet; born in London,
Jan. 24, 1818; died at East Grinstead, Aug. 6,
1866. He was an extreme High-Churchman;
founded a sisterhood, was inhibited from church
ministrations for 14 years, and once burned in
effigy. His translations of Latin and Greek
hymns are among the finest religious lyrics in
the language : the most famous are "Art Thou
Weary) and Jerusalem the Golden. His best.
known books are : History of the Holy Eastern
Church'; Mediæval Ilymns); Hymns of the
26
## p. 402 (#418) ############################################
NEANDER - NEWHALL
402
:
Eastern Church'; and History of the So-called
Jansenist Church of Holland.
Neander, Johann August Wilhelm (nā-än'.
der). A German church historian; born in
Göttingen, Jan. 17, 1789; died at Berlin, July 14,
1850. He was of Jewish extraction, but earnest
in the advancement of Christianity. His prin.
cipal works include : « The Emperor Julian and
his Times) (1812); Memorable Occurrences
from the History of Christianity and Christian
Life) (1822); History of the Planting of the
Apostolic Church (1832); Universal History
of the Christian Religion and Church) (1843);
and many others.
Neele, Henry. An English poet; born in
London, 1798; died 1828. He was a lawyer,
but devoted his leisure to literature, writing
Dramatic Scenes); Odes and Other Poems)
(1817); and editing an edition of Shakespeare.
Negri, Ada (nā'grē) - Mme. Garlanda. An
Italian poet; born in Lodi, Feb. 3, 1870. She
has written in mournful numbers of the suf-
ferings of the poor, the best collection of her
verse being in the volume (Fatality' (or (Fate):
1892); but excellent poems are contained in
(Storms) (1895).
Negruzzi, Jakob (nā-gröts'ē). A Roumanian
poet, son of Konstantin; born in Jassy, Jan.
11, 1843. He is a member of the Roumanian
Academy, and founder of the periodical Con-
vorbiri Literare. His volumes of (Poems, and
(Copies from Nature, the latter made up of
sketches and tales, have been widely read.
Negruzzi, Konstantin. A Roumanian poet
and prose-writer; born in Jassy, 1808; died there,
1868. He wrote many verses and plays, the
historical poem (Aprode Purice,' and the his-
torical sketch Alexander Lepusneanu. His
best verse is in the volume entitled (Youthful
Sins.
Nekrassov, Nikolai Alexejevich(nā-kräs'ov).
A Russian poet; born in Podolia, Dec. 4, 1821 ;
died in St. Petersburg, Jan. 8, 1888. He is one
of the most important figures in the literature
of his country; and his 'Poems) (1845), and
(Last Poems) (1877), gave him great celebrity.
He contributed to periodical literature, and
edited Sovremmenik (Contemporaries).
Nelson, Henry Loomis. An American jour-
nalist and author; born in New York State in
1846. He is at present editor of Harper's
Weekly. Among his works are : "Our Unjust
Tariff Law) (1884); John Rantoul' (1885), a
novel.
Nemcová, Bozena (nyem'tsõ-vä). A Czech
poet and story-writer; born (Pankl) in Vienna,
Feb. 4. 1820; died in Prague, Jan. 21, 1862.
She studied the folk-lore of the Czechs, and
embodied it in poetic narratives, notably (Little
Grandmother, and the Little Mountain Vil-
lage.
Nepos, Cornelius (nē'pos). A Roman bi.
ographer and historian; born in Ticinum (? ),
99 (? ) B. C. ; died 24 (? ) B. C. His "Lives)
of eminent men are preserved, and much used
as school text-books from their simplicity of
style.
Néruda, Jan (nyer-ö'dä). A Czech poet;
born in Prague, July 10, 1834; died there, Aug.
22, 1891. He was noted in periodical journal-
ism ; while as a poet he is distinguished for his
Book of Verse) (1867), 'Cosmic Songs) (2d
ed. 1878), and various plays, including 'Fran-
cesca da Rimini. His Humble Histories)
(1878), a series of sketches of Czech lite, at-
tained great popularity.
Nerval, Gerard de. See Gerard de Nerval.
Nettement, Alfred François (net-män'). A
French journalist; born in Paris, 1805; died 1809.
He acquired note with his History of the
Revolution of July 1830) (1833), and History
of French Literature under the Reign of Louis
Philippe.
Nevay, John. A Scotch poet; born at For-
far, Jan. 28, 1792; died May 1870. His lyrics
are contained in A Pamphlet of Rhymes!
(1818); “The Child of Nature (1835), a verse
collection; and other volumes.
Nevin, William Channing. An American
lawyer and journalist ; born in New Athens, O. ,
in 1844. He was admitted to the bar in 1871;
and has written for Philadelphia journals. His
works include :'History of All Religions) (1871);
(Ghouls and Gold (1885); “In the Nick of
Time) (1886); (A Summer School Adventure!
(1887).
Nevinson, Henry W. An English story-writer;
born 18— He has been a contributor of fic-
tion to London periodicals for some time; a
collection of his tales, called "Slum Stories of
London (1895), being very popular.
Newcastle, Duchess of. See Cavendish.
Newcomb, Simon. An American astronomer
of distinction, scientist, and author; born of
United States parents in Wallace, N. S. , March
12, 1835. Among his most important works are :
(Popular Astronomy) (1877); (School Astron.
omy,' with E. S. Holden (1879); a series of
text-books on (Algebra' (1881), (Geometry)
(1881), «Trigonometry) (1882), and Calculus)
(1887).
Newell, Robert Henry. [“Orpheus C.
