; of
personality
of God, 238, 261 ; it* view of history, 266 ff.
Windelband - History of Philosophy
400; on final eauses, Bekker, 401.
401 "the New Atlantis," 387, 429. Belief. Hume's theory of, 476, 477. Cf. also 406, 412. 477, 494, 616. Bellarmin, 382.
Bacon, Koger, 314, 319, 333, 341, 344 Belsham, 628.
307. " Baer, von, 668.
Beneke, 573. 577, 637.
'«. . '■ Bentham, 441, 618, 622, 662-666, 666.
Bfthnten. 67S
Baifov;e».
Bain, 620. 636.
Baldwin, 630.
Ballanche, 628. 649.
Barbaro, 356.
Banleaanea, 217. 239. Barthez, 627, 636. Bartholnieas, 627.
Basedow, 446, 520. Buileides, 214, 217, 243, (68 Ba»»o. 355, 871, 406.
Berengar, 276, 207.
Berigard, 366.
Berkeley. 439 f. , 462, 469 f, 476 note. Bernard of Thames. 272, 274, 204.
302 367, 089 (274).
Bernard of Clairvaux, 273, 276, 301.
306.
Bernhard of Tours, 689 (274). Bernhard Silvestris, 689 (274). Bertrand, 627.
Beasarion, 864, 358
Bias. M.
-
*•
*:
rived from freedom, Welsse, 633 see
f. «
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f.
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702
Index.
Biehat. 427, 636.
Bilfmger, 444- Bi^o, 886 '183,.
and Xegarians, 89.
Categories, Aristotle's, 142 Stoics.
Biran. Maine de. 627. 835 t
Boise*, a* portions of space. Pythag
Cm, 637.
Csrpocratea, 217, 26*.
Carriere. 632.
Cartesians and Cii nihilism. 414 ff.
448. 463. 467 ff. , 470, 477. 503. CaMV>iorua. 270.
oreans, 46L; Plato, 129; Descartes.
404 ; an complex of ideas, Berkeley, Caianeo. 631.
470 ; aa force. Leibniz, 421 ; phenom Catch questions among the Sophists
ena, Kant. 545 f.
Bodin, 382, 427. 431, 433, 528.
Bod; and Soul, 301 t. , wot SooL Boehme, 364. 357, 387 L, 369 L, 371,
198 f. ; of Plotmus. 246; na^Tal categories not to be applied to God. according to Augustine. 279 f. ; of Kant. 542 reduced to caaaair. y. Schopenhaner, 588 of nature, Scbel- ling, 596; Hegel's doctrine of, 611 Hartmann's. 647
374 t, 403, 01&
Boerhave, 454 t
Boethius, 270. 273, 288, 298.
Bolingbroke. 441, 523. Bolzano, 633.
Bonald, 628, 648.
Bonatelli. 831.
Bonaventura, 313, 333 t, 341.
Bonnet. 442, 458, 834. Boole, 820.
Bosanqnet, 630, 670. Bossuet. 486. 627.
Bouille, 358, 388, 372. Bouterwek, 573, 687, 636. Bowne, 630.
Boyle, 380.
Bradley. 830.
Broussais, 627. 634, 642 note.
Brown, Peter, 440 ; Thomas, 440. Bnicker. 10, 445.
Brnno. 364, 356, 360, 387 ff. , 389, 387,
402. 409, 422, 502, 691 (356). Buchanan. 433.
Buchez, 628.
BUchner, 632, 643.
Buckle, 854.
Budde, 444.
Buffon, 442, 480.
Buisson. 627.
Buridan, 315, 331, 600 (331). Burke, 441, 611.
Butler, 441, 513 f.
Cabanis, 442, 627, 634, 642. Cabbala, 317, 372.
Cawalpinus, 355, 369. Caird, E. , 630; J. , 630. Calderwood, 629. Catiicles, 75.
Callippus, 147.
Calvin. 366, 364.
Cambridge school, see Neo-Plattmism,
Causa mi, 408.
Cause and causality. Idea aa, with
English.
387, 391, 403, 413, 427, 430, 626, 691
(357). Cantoni, 631.
law of, with Heraclitus, 50 denied by Parmenides, 61 mathematical analy sis of, Galileo, 388 as contradiction, Herbart, 584.
Character, intelligible and empirical 555, 689, 676.
Cardaillac, 627.
Cardanug, 368, 372 1. , 431.
Carlyle, 629, 654, 863-666, 667, 674.
Carneades, 103, 160 f. , 194 f. , 201, 207. Charron, 366, 362 f. , 376, 391.
Plato, 128 four causes of Aristotle. 141 final and mechanical, 144 emphasised by Stoics, 181 concep tion of, criticized by Sceptics. 205 . God as final, formal, and efficient with Bruno, 367 God as rational ground and efficient cause with Boehme, 367 formal causes empha sised by Bacon, 384 ff. given a new meaning by Galileo and his succes sors, 399 ff. ; final, rejected by Bacon.
Descartes, Spinoza, 401 sought in motion, not in substances, by Gali leo, 410; God the sole true cause. Occasionalism. 415 occasional, 415 the central difficulty in the concep tion of causality. 415 equivalent to mathematical consequence with Spi noza, 418 analysed and declared the result of custom by Hume. 474- 476 re-examined by Kant, 542-646
Kant's unjustifiable use of. 577 . the only category recognised by Schopenhaner, 588 thing-in-itself not cause of phenomena, 689 ex pressed in principle of conservation of energy, 656
Celsus, 216.
Cerdo, 268.
Cerinthus, 257.
Chaignet, 627.
Chalmers, 629.
Chance and contingent, with Aristotle.
143, 148 in nature, with Hegel, 641 views, with Herbart, 686 see Contin
gency.
Campanula, 356, 370 f. , 373, 376 383, Change, as problem of philosophy, 47 ff. ;
f. ,
;
; f. ;;
;
;
; f.
;
;
;
;
; ;f.
; ;;;
;;
;
f ;;;
f :;;
;
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Cbassebceuf, tee Volney. Chateaubriand, 827.
Chesterfield, 616.
Christianity, relation to Greek thought,
212, 223 f. ; it* view of authority and revelation, 221 ff. ; of spirit and mat ter, 231 ft.
; of personality of God, 238, 261 ; it* view of history, 266 ff. ; the "true" of Deism, 487 ff. ; with Sclielling, 019 ; Duhringon, 671 ; see also Religion, Revelation, Theology, God.
Chrysippus, 160, 182, 168, 181, 187, 193 196, 203.
Chubb, 441.
Church, conceived as fellowship, 261
Common sense, doctrine of. 460. 482 f. , 690,649; cf. 203; 609; see also Scot tish School.
Communism, 428 f. . 522 f. , 668; sup posed, of Plato, 126.
Comte, 624, 628, 660-664, 666, 665. Conception, its importance with Socra tes, 96 relation to Idea with Plato,
118 f. , 121; with Aristotle, 133. 142 derived from sense perception by Stoics and Epicureans, 203 Abe- lard's theory, 306 Locke's, 461 Berkeley's, 452 as knowledge of the Absolut*, Hegel. 611.
Index. 703
Concepts, Aristotle's doctrine of, 137; Occam, 342 pure concepts of un Thomas, Dante, Occam, 326-328 at derstanding, 642 ff. see Concep
titude toward Aristotle, 312, 364 and
state, theories of, 326, 433 487, 667
preserves ancient civilisation and edu
cates modern Europe, 263 ff. one of
the foci of Augustine's thought, 276,
283 doctrine definitively closed, 363
Catholic, revives Thomism, 661 note. Conscience, 234 Abelard'a view of,
tion, Universal*, Ideas,
Realism,
Nominalism, Termlnism. Conceptualism. 272 of Abelard, 298. Condillac, 439, 442, 456 ff. , 478 f. , 621,
527, 634, 650. Condoroet, 448, 627.
Cicero, 161 f. , 163, 177, 204, 223, 361,
686 (163).
Civilisation, as factor in history of
308 Thomas, 333 Butler, 614 Smith, 517 as synteresis. 333 in Traditionalism, 648, and Eclecticism, 649 Ree, 663.
philosophy, 13 influence on anthro
pological period of Greek thought,
66 ff. its worth denied by Cynics, tary function with Aristotle, 150 and
84 affirmed by Cyrenaics, 86 the Hellenistic, 156 ff. preserved by the
Bonnet, 458 characteristic of man, with Alcmsjon, 64 note certainty of, as starting-point with Augustine, 276 with Descartes, 391 one of the two attributes of all reality,
Church, 263 ff. of the Renaissance,
348 ff. modern, 386 problem of,
in Enlightenment, 618 ff. , 661 Man-
deville, 624 Rousseau, 626 Kant Descartes, 405 all minds modes of,
on, 669 Fichte on, 606 problem of, in nineteenth century, 661 ff. ; goal of. Hartmann, 673 individualistic views of, 676 ff.
Ciri tat dei, of Augustine,
Clarke, 441, 490, 604.
Clauberg, 381. 416.
Cleanthea, 169, 162, 188.
Clearness and distinctness, Descartes, f 392, 398, 450 Leibniz, 398, 462-464.
leidemus, 70.
Clement of Alexandria, 214, 217, 262,
688 (217).
Clement of Rome, 269. Clitomachus, 161. Cogan, 629.
Cogilo ergo turn, of Descartes, 391 Coinridenlia oppotitorum, of Nicolaus Cusanua, 346 of Bruno, 368 of Boebme, 376 referred to by Schel-
406, 408 modes of denied to God, 408 vi. unconscious, Leibniz, 462 " in general," of Kant, 646, 663 with Beck, 679 self-consciousness Fichte's first principle, 680 f. , 693
as intelligible space, Herbart, 585
Maimon's doctine of, 678.
Consensus gentium, 204, 436, 449 Conservation, of motion, 411 of force,
421 of substance, 545 of energy,
666 cf. 37-30.
Constantinus, 302.
Contarini, 355.
Contemplation, 306 esthetic, 260, 661,
600, 621 f. , 677; intellectual, 154,
286, 333.
Contingency of the finite, 347 in free
dom of the will, 330; of the individ ual, 341 of the particular laws of nature, 422, 666 of the world, 492.
Contract theory of the stale, 174 f. , 328. 432, 618 ff. , 668 ace also state. Contradiction, in the dialectical method,
691 real, 676 principle of, 61,
88, 138, 398, 583 f. , 591. Contrast, 473.
Copernicus, 36V.
ling, 692.
Coleridge, 629, 663-666. Collective consciousness, Collier, 471.
Collins, 441,496. Combe. 629, 635. C'omeuius, 306.
645, 64W.
286.
Consciousness, denned, 234 as uni
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704
Index.
Copula, 37.
Cordemoy, 881, 416.
Cornntas. 216.
''Correspondence concerning the na
ture of the Soul," 454.
Cosmic Processes, early Greek concep
tions of, 47 ff. ; Aristotle's principle
for explaining, 140, 144 ; see Change. Cosmogony, poetic, 27 ; emanistic, 249 ;
early physical, 47 ff.
Oogmological argument, 145, 469, 550. Cosmopolitanism, Stoic and Roman,
Degerando, 10, 627, 635.
Deism and Deists, 488-497, 633.
Deity, first used as philosophical prin
ciple by Anaximander, S4 as Idea of the Good, Plato, 128 as demiurge, Plato, 130 as pure Form, with Aris totle, 145 as pneuma, with Stoics, 186 Epicurus' view of, 188: as infinite, 689 (238) above knowledge and Being, 335 distinguished from God, 335 as natura naturans. with Eckhart, 335 see also God.
tinus, 264 Gnostics, 257 ff. Democritus. belongs to Systematic Pe riod, 25 99 life and writings 100 grounds metaphysics anew,
176 f. ; Fichte, 606.
Cousin, 627, 636, 649, 652, 661 note.
Grantor, 103, 164.
Crates of Athens, 103.
Crates of Tbebes, 72, 85.
Cratylus, 70.
Creation, opposed to evolution and 105-108 his system of materialism,
emanation, 252-254.
Cremonini, 356.
Creuz, 445.
Criteria, of truth, 197 ff. , Descartes,
392 ; Kant, 643 ff. ; see also Ration alism and Empiricism of true revela tion, 226 f. ; moral, 601 ff. , 664 ff. ; see Value.
109-116 relation to Plato, 105-108, 118 f. , 130 to Aristotle. 138 148 ff. to Epicurus, 165,. 183-186, 202 to Stoics, 180 revived, 363 influ ence in Renaissance, 369, 371 his principle of reduction of qualitative to quantitative victorious with Gali leo, 388 with Bacon, Descartes, Hobbes, 401,403 influence on Leib niz, 422 compared with Kant, 641
Demetrius, 216, 686 (163).
Demiurge, Plato's idea of, 130 Valen-
Critias, 76.
Critical method, 633.
Criticism, immanent. 18 ; of Kant. opposed by Schelling and Goethe,
634 ff. ; its difficulties, 674 ff. ; as 598
task of philosophy, 681. Demonax, 213, 216, 686 (163). Critique or criticism of reason, Kant's, De Morgan, 629.
632 ft
Crousaz, 444, 478.
Crusius, 444, 484 f.
Cudworth, 382, 401, 436, 449, 603. Cumberland, 382, 436 608, 613. Cusanus, gee Nicolaus.
Custom, explains substance and causal
Dependence, absolute (Schleiennacher), 682.
Derham, 491.
Descartes, begins a new development,
379; life and writings, 380, 692 (380) method, 389 ff. eogito ergo sum, 391 innate ideas, 392 proofs for existence of God, 392 f. ,
ity with Hume, 475, 476.
Cynics, 70, 82 ff. , 90, 94, 96, 164, 166, 405 on error, 394 on sense quali
169, 171, 684 (96), 686 (163), 687
(216).
Cyrenaics, 70, 82, 86 f. , 94, 165.
Czolbe, 632, 641.
Daimonion (or Daemon) of Socrates, 98. Dalgarn, 398.
ties, 403 his dualism of substances, 404 conception of substance and attribute, 406 doctrine of bodies, 406 on conservation of motion, 411 on the passions, 412 on mind and body, 413 ethics, 414, 692 (413) cf. also 400 f. , 410, 467, 636.
Determinism, Socrates, 79 Stoics, 193 opposed by Carneades and Epicurus, 194 intellectualistic, 330 see also Freedom.
Damascius, 215, 218.
Damiron, 627.
Dante, 311, 314, 327, 334, 426.
Darwin, Ch. , 630, 666 672.
Darwinism, with Empedocles, 63 see Development, Aristotle's central prin
Natural Selection and Survival of the ciple, 139 ff. Thomas, 324 Leib
Schelling,
Dialectic, of Zeno, 44, 65.
ists, 69, 88 ff. of Plato,- 1,20 « of Aris totle, 132 137 of Proclus, 261 of
fittest.
Daube, 627.
Daubenton, 443.
David of Dinant, 313, 339, 410.
Deduction, Aristotle's conception of, Diagoras, 76.
134 transcendental, Definition, Socrates,
137
of Kant, 644. 96 Aristotle,
of Soph
niz, 424 Robinet, 481
597; Hegel, 611 ff. Dewey, 630, 669. Dexippus, 218. . -. . :. .
;
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401 "the New Atlantis," 387, 429. Belief. Hume's theory of, 476, 477. Cf. also 406, 412. 477, 494, 616. Bellarmin, 382.
Bacon, Koger, 314, 319, 333, 341, 344 Belsham, 628.
307. " Baer, von, 668.
Beneke, 573. 577, 637.
'«. . '■ Bentham, 441, 618, 622, 662-666, 666.
Bfthnten. 67S
Baifov;e».
Bain, 620. 636.
Baldwin, 630.
Ballanche, 628. 649.
Barbaro, 356.
Banleaanea, 217. 239. Barthez, 627, 636. Bartholnieas, 627.
Basedow, 446, 520. Buileides, 214, 217, 243, (68 Ba»»o. 355, 871, 406.
Berengar, 276, 207.
Berigard, 366.
Berkeley. 439 f. , 462, 469 f, 476 note. Bernard of Thames. 272, 274, 204.
302 367, 089 (274).
Bernard of Clairvaux, 273, 276, 301.
306.
Bernhard of Tours, 689 (274). Bernhard Silvestris, 689 (274). Bertrand, 627.
Beasarion, 864, 358
Bias. M.
-
*•
*:
rived from freedom, Welsse, 633 see
f. «
f. ;
f.
f. f.
;
f. ,
;a a
;
;
f.
;;
;
;
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702
Index.
Biehat. 427, 636.
Bilfmger, 444- Bi^o, 886 '183,.
and Xegarians, 89.
Categories, Aristotle's, 142 Stoics.
Biran. Maine de. 627. 835 t
Boise*, a* portions of space. Pythag
Cm, 637.
Csrpocratea, 217, 26*.
Carriere. 632.
Cartesians and Cii nihilism. 414 ff.
448. 463. 467 ff. , 470, 477. 503. CaMV>iorua. 270.
oreans, 46L; Plato, 129; Descartes.
404 ; an complex of ideas, Berkeley, Caianeo. 631.
470 ; aa force. Leibniz, 421 ; phenom Catch questions among the Sophists
ena, Kant. 545 f.
Bodin, 382, 427. 431, 433, 528.
Bod; and Soul, 301 t. , wot SooL Boehme, 364. 357, 387 L, 369 L, 371,
198 f. ; of Plotmus. 246; na^Tal categories not to be applied to God. according to Augustine. 279 f. ; of Kant. 542 reduced to caaaair. y. Schopenhaner, 588 of nature, Scbel- ling, 596; Hegel's doctrine of, 611 Hartmann's. 647
374 t, 403, 01&
Boerhave, 454 t
Boethius, 270. 273, 288, 298.
Bolingbroke. 441, 523. Bolzano, 633.
Bonald, 628, 648.
Bonatelli. 831.
Bonaventura, 313, 333 t, 341.
Bonnet. 442, 458, 834. Boole, 820.
Bosanqnet, 630, 670. Bossuet. 486. 627.
Bouille, 358, 388, 372. Bouterwek, 573, 687, 636. Bowne, 630.
Boyle, 380.
Bradley. 830.
Broussais, 627. 634, 642 note.
Brown, Peter, 440 ; Thomas, 440. Bnicker. 10, 445.
Brnno. 364, 356, 360, 387 ff. , 389, 387,
402. 409, 422, 502, 691 (356). Buchanan. 433.
Buchez, 628.
BUchner, 632, 643.
Buckle, 854.
Budde, 444.
Buffon, 442, 480.
Buisson. 627.
Buridan, 315, 331, 600 (331). Burke, 441, 611.
Butler, 441, 513 f.
Cabanis, 442, 627, 634, 642. Cabbala, 317, 372.
Cawalpinus, 355, 369. Caird, E. , 630; J. , 630. Calderwood, 629. Catiicles, 75.
Callippus, 147.
Calvin. 366, 364.
Cambridge school, see Neo-Plattmism,
Causa mi, 408.
Cause and causality. Idea aa, with
English.
387, 391, 403, 413, 427, 430, 626, 691
(357). Cantoni, 631.
law of, with Heraclitus, 50 denied by Parmenides, 61 mathematical analy sis of, Galileo, 388 as contradiction, Herbart, 584.
Character, intelligible and empirical 555, 689, 676.
Cardaillac, 627.
Cardanug, 368, 372 1. , 431.
Carlyle, 629, 654, 863-666, 667, 674.
Carneades, 103, 160 f. , 194 f. , 201, 207. Charron, 366, 362 f. , 376, 391.
Plato, 128 four causes of Aristotle. 141 final and mechanical, 144 emphasised by Stoics, 181 concep tion of, criticized by Sceptics. 205 . God as final, formal, and efficient with Bruno, 367 God as rational ground and efficient cause with Boehme, 367 formal causes empha sised by Bacon, 384 ff. given a new meaning by Galileo and his succes sors, 399 ff. ; final, rejected by Bacon.
Descartes, Spinoza, 401 sought in motion, not in substances, by Gali leo, 410; God the sole true cause. Occasionalism. 415 occasional, 415 the central difficulty in the concep tion of causality. 415 equivalent to mathematical consequence with Spi noza, 418 analysed and declared the result of custom by Hume. 474- 476 re-examined by Kant, 542-646
Kant's unjustifiable use of. 577 . the only category recognised by Schopenhaner, 588 thing-in-itself not cause of phenomena, 689 ex pressed in principle of conservation of energy, 656
Celsus, 216.
Cerdo, 268.
Cerinthus, 257.
Chaignet, 627.
Chalmers, 629.
Chance and contingent, with Aristotle.
143, 148 in nature, with Hegel, 641 views, with Herbart, 686 see Contin
gency.
Campanula, 356, 370 f. , 373, 376 383, Change, as problem of philosophy, 47 ff. ;
f. ,
;
; f. ;;
;
;
; f.
;
;
;
;
; ;f.
; ;;;
;;
;
f ;;;
f :;;
;
;
Cbassebceuf, tee Volney. Chateaubriand, 827.
Chesterfield, 616.
Christianity, relation to Greek thought,
212, 223 f. ; it* view of authority and revelation, 221 ff. ; of spirit and mat ter, 231 ft.
; of personality of God, 238, 261 ; it* view of history, 266 ff. ; the "true" of Deism, 487 ff. ; with Sclielling, 019 ; Duhringon, 671 ; see also Religion, Revelation, Theology, God.
Chrysippus, 160, 182, 168, 181, 187, 193 196, 203.
Chubb, 441.
Church, conceived as fellowship, 261
Common sense, doctrine of. 460. 482 f. , 690,649; cf. 203; 609; see also Scot tish School.
Communism, 428 f. . 522 f. , 668; sup posed, of Plato, 126.
Comte, 624, 628, 660-664, 666, 665. Conception, its importance with Socra tes, 96 relation to Idea with Plato,
118 f. , 121; with Aristotle, 133. 142 derived from sense perception by Stoics and Epicureans, 203 Abe- lard's theory, 306 Locke's, 461 Berkeley's, 452 as knowledge of the Absolut*, Hegel. 611.
Index. 703
Concepts, Aristotle's doctrine of, 137; Occam, 342 pure concepts of un Thomas, Dante, Occam, 326-328 at derstanding, 642 ff. see Concep
titude toward Aristotle, 312, 364 and
state, theories of, 326, 433 487, 667
preserves ancient civilisation and edu
cates modern Europe, 263 ff. one of
the foci of Augustine's thought, 276,
283 doctrine definitively closed, 363
Catholic, revives Thomism, 661 note. Conscience, 234 Abelard'a view of,
tion, Universal*, Ideas,
Realism,
Nominalism, Termlnism. Conceptualism. 272 of Abelard, 298. Condillac, 439, 442, 456 ff. , 478 f. , 621,
527, 634, 650. Condoroet, 448, 627.
Cicero, 161 f. , 163, 177, 204, 223, 361,
686 (163).
Civilisation, as factor in history of
308 Thomas, 333 Butler, 614 Smith, 517 as synteresis. 333 in Traditionalism, 648, and Eclecticism, 649 Ree, 663.
philosophy, 13 influence on anthro
pological period of Greek thought,
66 ff. its worth denied by Cynics, tary function with Aristotle, 150 and
84 affirmed by Cyrenaics, 86 the Hellenistic, 156 ff. preserved by the
Bonnet, 458 characteristic of man, with Alcmsjon, 64 note certainty of, as starting-point with Augustine, 276 with Descartes, 391 one of the two attributes of all reality,
Church, 263 ff. of the Renaissance,
348 ff. modern, 386 problem of,
in Enlightenment, 618 ff. , 661 Man-
deville, 624 Rousseau, 626 Kant Descartes, 405 all minds modes of,
on, 669 Fichte on, 606 problem of, in nineteenth century, 661 ff. ; goal of. Hartmann, 673 individualistic views of, 676 ff.
Ciri tat dei, of Augustine,
Clarke, 441, 490, 604.
Clauberg, 381. 416.
Cleanthea, 169, 162, 188.
Clearness and distinctness, Descartes, f 392, 398, 450 Leibniz, 398, 462-464.
leidemus, 70.
Clement of Alexandria, 214, 217, 262,
688 (217).
Clement of Rome, 269. Clitomachus, 161. Cogan, 629.
Cogilo ergo turn, of Descartes, 391 Coinridenlia oppotitorum, of Nicolaus Cusanua, 346 of Bruno, 368 of Boebme, 376 referred to by Schel-
406, 408 modes of denied to God, 408 vi. unconscious, Leibniz, 462 " in general," of Kant, 646, 663 with Beck, 679 self-consciousness Fichte's first principle, 680 f. , 693
as intelligible space, Herbart, 585
Maimon's doctine of, 678.
Consensus gentium, 204, 436, 449 Conservation, of motion, 411 of force,
421 of substance, 545 of energy,
666 cf. 37-30.
Constantinus, 302.
Contarini, 355.
Contemplation, 306 esthetic, 260, 661,
600, 621 f. , 677; intellectual, 154,
286, 333.
Contingency of the finite, 347 in free
dom of the will, 330; of the individ ual, 341 of the particular laws of nature, 422, 666 of the world, 492.
Contract theory of the stale, 174 f. , 328. 432, 618 ff. , 668 ace also state. Contradiction, in the dialectical method,
691 real, 676 principle of, 61,
88, 138, 398, 583 f. , 591. Contrast, 473.
Copernicus, 36V.
ling, 692.
Coleridge, 629, 663-666. Collective consciousness, Collier, 471.
Collins, 441,496. Combe. 629, 635. C'omeuius, 306.
645, 64W.
286.
Consciousness, denned, 234 as uni
;;
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f.
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;
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;
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;
; f.
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704
Index.
Copula, 37.
Cordemoy, 881, 416.
Cornntas. 216.
''Correspondence concerning the na
ture of the Soul," 454.
Cosmic Processes, early Greek concep
tions of, 47 ff. ; Aristotle's principle
for explaining, 140, 144 ; see Change. Cosmogony, poetic, 27 ; emanistic, 249 ;
early physical, 47 ff.
Oogmological argument, 145, 469, 550. Cosmopolitanism, Stoic and Roman,
Degerando, 10, 627, 635.
Deism and Deists, 488-497, 633.
Deity, first used as philosophical prin
ciple by Anaximander, S4 as Idea of the Good, Plato, 128 as demiurge, Plato, 130 as pure Form, with Aris totle, 145 as pneuma, with Stoics, 186 Epicurus' view of, 188: as infinite, 689 (238) above knowledge and Being, 335 distinguished from God, 335 as natura naturans. with Eckhart, 335 see also God.
tinus, 264 Gnostics, 257 ff. Democritus. belongs to Systematic Pe riod, 25 99 life and writings 100 grounds metaphysics anew,
176 f. ; Fichte, 606.
Cousin, 627, 636, 649, 652, 661 note.
Grantor, 103, 164.
Crates of Athens, 103.
Crates of Tbebes, 72, 85.
Cratylus, 70.
Creation, opposed to evolution and 105-108 his system of materialism,
emanation, 252-254.
Cremonini, 356.
Creuz, 445.
Criteria, of truth, 197 ff. , Descartes,
392 ; Kant, 643 ff. ; see also Ration alism and Empiricism of true revela tion, 226 f. ; moral, 601 ff. , 664 ff. ; see Value.
109-116 relation to Plato, 105-108, 118 f. , 130 to Aristotle. 138 148 ff. to Epicurus, 165,. 183-186, 202 to Stoics, 180 revived, 363 influ ence in Renaissance, 369, 371 his principle of reduction of qualitative to quantitative victorious with Gali leo, 388 with Bacon, Descartes, Hobbes, 401,403 influence on Leib niz, 422 compared with Kant, 641
Demetrius, 216, 686 (163).
Demiurge, Plato's idea of, 130 Valen-
Critias, 76.
Critical method, 633.
Criticism, immanent. 18 ; of Kant. opposed by Schelling and Goethe,
634 ff. ; its difficulties, 674 ff. ; as 598
task of philosophy, 681. Demonax, 213, 216, 686 (163). Critique or criticism of reason, Kant's, De Morgan, 629.
632 ft
Crousaz, 444, 478.
Crusius, 444, 484 f.
Cudworth, 382, 401, 436, 449, 603. Cumberland, 382, 436 608, 613. Cusanus, gee Nicolaus.
Custom, explains substance and causal
Dependence, absolute (Schleiennacher), 682.
Derham, 491.
Descartes, begins a new development,
379; life and writings, 380, 692 (380) method, 389 ff. eogito ergo sum, 391 innate ideas, 392 proofs for existence of God, 392 f. ,
ity with Hume, 475, 476.
Cynics, 70, 82 ff. , 90, 94, 96, 164, 166, 405 on error, 394 on sense quali
169, 171, 684 (96), 686 (163), 687
(216).
Cyrenaics, 70, 82, 86 f. , 94, 165.
Czolbe, 632, 641.
Daimonion (or Daemon) of Socrates, 98. Dalgarn, 398.
ties, 403 his dualism of substances, 404 conception of substance and attribute, 406 doctrine of bodies, 406 on conservation of motion, 411 on the passions, 412 on mind and body, 413 ethics, 414, 692 (413) cf. also 400 f. , 410, 467, 636.
Determinism, Socrates, 79 Stoics, 193 opposed by Carneades and Epicurus, 194 intellectualistic, 330 see also Freedom.
Damascius, 215, 218.
Damiron, 627.
Dante, 311, 314, 327, 334, 426.
Darwin, Ch. , 630, 666 672.
Darwinism, with Empedocles, 63 see Development, Aristotle's central prin
Natural Selection and Survival of the ciple, 139 ff. Thomas, 324 Leib
Schelling,
Dialectic, of Zeno, 44, 65.
ists, 69, 88 ff. of Plato,- 1,20 « of Aris totle, 132 137 of Proclus, 261 of
fittest.
Daube, 627.
Daubenton, 443.
David of Dinant, 313, 339, 410.
Deduction, Aristotle's conception of, Diagoras, 76.
134 transcendental, Definition, Socrates,
137
of Kant, 644. 96 Aristotle,
of Soph
niz, 424 Robinet, 481
597; Hegel, 611 ff. Dewey, 630, 669. Dexippus, 218. . -. . :. .
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