;
devotion
of Julian
to, 107, 496 ; 112, 114
Islam, 123 sq.
to, 107, 496 ; 112, 114
Islam, 123 sq.
Cambridge Medieval History - v1 - Christian Roman Empire and Teutonic Kingdoms
, 256, 258 sqq.
; 248, 252; supplies
corn to Rome, 263; 264; irruption of
barbarian hordes into, 266 sq. , 394, 400;
Constantine the usurper in, 267 sq. , 401,
461; 271; rising of Kelts in, 267; Goths
in, 274; Visigoths settle in, 275 sq. ;
Ataulf's successes in, 277 sq. ; spread of
Visigothic dominion in, 281 sqq. , 393;
end of Visigothic rule in, 285 sq. ; legisla-
tion in, 287; 289; survival of Roman
literature in, 292; 296; Salian Franks in,
297 sqq. ; Clovis conquers, 299; death of
Avitus in, 309; Aegidius in, 310; Alans
in, 358; 361; attacked by Huns, 364,
399, 414 sqq. ; Caesar's conquest of, 368;
372 sqq. ; connection with Ireland, 377;
attacked by Saxons, 378; imports corn
from Britain, 379; 380, 394, 402; Con-
stantius drives Goths from, 403; Goths
settled in, 404 ; local government given
to, 405; 407; Aëtius commands in, 408
8qq. ; policy of Aëtius towards, 411 sq. ,
418; barbarians in various parts of, 413;
Huns leave, 417; Avitus commands troops
in, 421; flight of Avitus to, 422; success
of Majorian in, 423; Aegidius rules in,
424 sq. ; Visigothic rule established in, 427,
429; Gundobad in, 428; lost to Rome,
430 sq. ; 433, 452; monachism in, 534 sqq. ,
541; Latin language modified in, 545;
import trade of, 548; “patronage” in,
564; early Christian art in, 614
Gauls, the, in the Roman army, 4, 6, 61 sq. ,
190 ; defeated at Admagetobriga, 193;
promoted by Procopius, 220; at the battle
on the Frigidus, 247
Gautar, 185
Gauthigoth, 185
Gaza, wine of, 548
Geberic, Gothic king, 19
Geilamir, more correct form for Gelimer
(g. v. ), 314 note
Index
is killed, 263, 460; 264; causes death of
Rufinus, 262, 457 ; made magister mili-
tum, 458; sent against Tribigild, ib. ;
insists on death of Eutropius, 459; and
Chrysostom, 491
Gaiseric, King of the Vandals, in alliance
with Theodoric, 279; leads the Vandals
into Africa, 305, 409 sq. ; takes Carthage,
306, 412; builds a fleet, 306, 412; obtains
by treaty part of Africa, 307, 411 sqq. ;
forms alliance with Visigoths, 307; plun-
ders Rome, 308, 421, 468 ; allies with
Spanish Sueves, 309; destroys Majorian's
fleet, 310, 423; attacks Eastern Empire,
310; treats with the Emperor Zeno, 311,
472; death of, 311, 472; 312; 314 sq. ;
arranges the succession by will, 317 sq. ;
and the Catholics, 321, 362, 364, 393,
395 sq. ; and Eudoxia, 398, 421, 424, 468;
incites the Huns against the Eastern
Empire, 413 sq. ; incites the Huns against
the Visigoths, 415 ; 417; 419 sq. ; and
Avitus, 422; and Majorian, 423 sq. ; and
Aegidius, 425; frustrates Roman attempt
on Carthage, 310, 421; 428; 431 ; treats
with Odovacar, 436
Gaiserix, correct form of Gaiseric, 305 note
Gaiso, murders Constans, 59
Galatai, doubtful identity of, 190
Galatia, 79, 110, 139; clothing trade of,
548
Galatians, Keltic tribe, 546
Galba, Ser. Sulpicius, Emperor, 45
Galchas, the, 330
Galen (Claudius Galenus), 89
Galerius (Galerius Valerius Maximianus),
Emperor, 2; death, 3; edict of, 3, 13;
15; 22
Galicia, barbarians in, 274 sq. ; Asdingi
and Suevi awarded land in, 275, 304;
356
Galilee, 94, 101
Galilei, Galileo, 581
Galla, wife of Theodosius I and sister of
Valentinian II, 242
Galla Placidia. See Placidia, sister of
Honorius
Gallehus in Jutland, archaeological dis-
coveries at, 386
Gallia Lugdunensis, Vandals pass through,
266
Gallienus, P. Licinius Valerianus Egnatius,
Emperor, 6; 17, 72, 140; defeats Ale-
manni, 201; and the Goths, 204 sq. ; 207,
210, 212, 547
Gallipoli, 17
Gallus, nephew of Constantine, 55; marries
Constantina, 60; 61; brutality of, 62;
fall and execution of, 63, 64, 67; 98 sq.
Gangra, canons of Council of, 179 sq. ;
Dioscorus dies at, 512; views of Council
of, 527
Gascony, relic of pre-Roman times in, 546
Gaudentius, magister equitum, father of
Aëtius, 406
C. MED. H. VOL. I.
46
## p. 722 (#752) ############################################
722
Index
Ghassani Arabs, incursion of, repelled, 481
Gibraltar, Straits of, Gothic fleet founders
in, 278, 404 ; 307, 409
Gildas, cited, 380, 388 sq.
Gildo, Moorish prince, Count of Africa, re-
volt of, 262 sqq. , 458; death, 264
Gintonius, officer of Constantius II, 73
Glamorgan, 372
Glastonbury, Keltio villages excavated near,
376
Glevum. See Gloucester
Glon, Persian commander, 481; put to
death, 482
Gloucester (Glevum), colonia at, 371, 373;
Roman road through, 376; taken by
West Saxons, 390
Gloucestershire, Roman villas in, 375;
Weat Saxon victories in, 390
Glycerius, Emperor of the West, proclaimed
emperor, 428, 433; captured, 429; made
bishop of Salona, ib.
Goar, King of the Alani, enlists in Roman
army, 266; makes Jovinus emperor,
275
Gobazes, King of Lazica, negotiates with
the Romans, 469
Gobi Desert, 323
Godas, Vandal governor of Sardinia, rebels
against Gelimer, 315
Godigisel, King of the Vandals, 264; slain,
266
Gelani, the, form alliance with Persia, 71
Gelasius I, Bishop of Rome, changes the
Lupercalia into a Christian festival, 117;
182; cited, 428; supports Theodoric, 439;
election of, 449
Gelimer, King of the Vandals, accession of,
314; defies Justinian, 315; 317 sq. ; 321
Geneva, the Calvinism of, 124
Genèvre, Mt, military road crossing, 277 ;
Ataulf marches over, 401
Gennadius, Bishop of Constantinople, 515
sq.
Genobaudes, leader of the Franks, raid of,
243, 256
Genseric, incorrect form of Gaiseric (q. v. ),
305 note
George of Cappadocia, Bishop of Alexandria,
murdered, 80; library of, used by Julian,
99; driven from see, 132
Georgia, devastated by Chinghiz Khan, 350
Georgians, defeated by Mongols, 350
Gepidae, early settlements of, 185, 203, 361;
in Transylvania, 205; at
war with
Tervingi, 206 ; defeat Huns, 420; and
Mundo, 483
Germania of Tacitus, cited, 383
Germania Magna, proposed new province
of, 195
Germanianus, officer of Julian, 75
German Ocean (Oceanus Germanicus). See
North Sea
Germans, the, 19, 44 sq. , 60; defeat Bar-
batio, 68 ; 74; 101 sq. ; 188; ravage Gaul,
192, 194; reach Italy, 201; 202; plot
against Theodosius, 243; invade Gaul,
266 ; legendary origin of, 292; tribal
antagonism of, 294; 321 ; under King
Rua, 360 sq. ; at court of Attila, 365 ;
392 sq. ; defeat Huns, 420; settle in
Italy, ib. ; in Ricimer's army, 427; as
slaves, 548
Germanus, monk, friend of Cassian, 525
Germany, 45 ; Creed of Constantinople used
in, 177 ; Indo-Germanic race in, 183 ;
185 sqq. ; Marcomanniin, 189 ; 190, 193;
successes of Drusus in, 195 sq. ; 198;
Marcus Aurelius in, 199, 200, 207, 222;
early inhabitants, 292 sqq. ; 300, 359;
Britisb recruits sent to, 370; imports
corn from Britain, 379; 384 sq. ; 452 ;
nunneries in, 542
Gerontius, Roman general in Greece, 261
Gerontius, general of Constantine the
usurper, 267 ; betrays and kills Constans,
274; death, ib. , 401; makes Maximus
emperor, 274, 400
Gervasius, discovery of body of, 581
Gesalech, pretender to the Visigothic throne,
supported by Thrasamund the Vandal,
313
Gesila, the Sajo in Tuscany, and the land-
tax, 446
Gesta inter Liberium et Felicem, cited, 149,
153
Gessoriacum. See Boulogne
Golden Gate. See Constantinople
Golden Horn, the, 17, 462
Golgotha, church of Constantine on, 128
Gordian III (M. Antonius Gordianus),
Emperor, 203
Gordianus, priest at Rome, 159
Gortyna, plan of temple at, 608
Gothland, Teutons settled in, 183 ; 185
Goths, the, 7 sq. , 13; 17; defeated by Con.
stantine II, 19, 20; temple of Eleusis
destroyed by, 113; take Rome, 170;
Arian Visigoths converted, 177; early
settlements of, 185, 190, 198; subdued
by Marcomanni, 196; migrations of, 202;
depredationsof, 203; successes of, 204 sq. ;
206 sq. , 210; tributary to Rome, 211; in.
troduction of Christianity among, 212;
war under Athanarich, 213 sq. ; seek help
from Rome, 215; campaign of Valens
against, 221; enter Roman territory,
232, 250, 393; at war with Rome (377),
233 sqq. , 250; defeat Valens at Hadria.
nople, 140, 216, 235, 251; defeated by
Gratian and Theodosius, 235 sqq. ; make
treaty with Rome, 237, 254; colonise
Thrace, 237 sqq. ; enlist under Theodosius,
242, 248; at the battle on the Frigidus,
247, 259; devastate eastern provinces,
252; 256; invade Thrace, 257; defeated
on the Maritza, 258; campaign in Thes.
saly, 260 sqq. , 457 sq. ; massacred in
Constantinople, 263, 460; invade Italy,
264 sqq. , 399, 469 ; occupy Rome, 272;
sack Rome, 273; in Gaul, 274 sqq. ; add
## p. 723 (#753) ############################################
Index
723
to their territory, 284; relations with
Romans, 285; defeated by the Franks,
286; territory and rule in Gaul, described,
287 ; customs of, 288 sqq. ; dress and
language of, 291 sq. ; Roman literature
among, 292; form body-guard of Amala.
frida, 313; Gothic guard slain, 314;
settled among Vandals in Africa, 316;
364, 395, 401 sq. ; driven from Gaul by
Constantius, 403; allowed to settle in
South Gaul, 404, 413; significance of
Constantius' treatment of, 405 ; 407; de-
feated by Aëtius, 410, 418; make peace,
411; 414 ; and the Huns, 416 sq. ; and
Theodoric the Great, 437 sqq. ; in the
Senate, 443; taxed, 446; land awarded
to, 447; 448; 452; Arianism of, 453;
oppose Amalasuntha, 454 ; 459 sq. ; at-
tack Huns, 470; and Leo I, 471; and
Zeno, 472 sq. ; end of Thracian Goths as
separate tribe, 477; 478; finally leave the
East, 479; 483, 518, 538. See also
Ostrogoths, Visigoths
Gran, River, 197
Gratia Justa Honoria. See Honoria
Gratian, Emperor, refuses office of Pontifex
Maximus, 114, 231; becomes emperor,
140, 228, 230; in Gaul, 210; sends help
to Valens, 216, 233 sq. , 250; consul,
222; co-emperor, 223; 229; rules for
Valentinian II, 231; successful campaign,
234, 252; makes Theodosius co-emperor,
235, 253 ; early popularity, 237; loss of
popularity and death, 115; 238, 255;
burial in Italy refused, 240; 251, 254,
260; coloni under, 559; 565 ; 570
Gratian, father of Valentinian 1, career of,
218
Gratian, proclaimed emperor in Britain,
267 note, 380
Grazers, Syrian monks who fed on grass, 527
Greece (Hellas), under Licinius, 3; 16;
Julianin, 64; decay of religions of, 87 sqq. ;
100 sq. , 103, 107 sqq. , 113; 118; Iron Age
in, 184; Heruli in, 205; 206 ; campaign
of Alario in, 261 sqq. , 404, 457 sq. ; at-
tacked by Vandals, 310 sq. ; Roumanians
in, 356 ; 477; 544 ; need of imports in,
548; art of, 598
Greek civilisation, forms the strength of
the later Empire, 18 sq.
Greeks, early Teutons known to the, 183;
in Thessalonica, 257; attacked by Goths,
261 ; 353, 357
Gregory I, St, the Great, Bishop of Rome,
1, 176; and the English slaves, 390 ;
sends Augustine to Britain, 391 ; and
the Benedictines, 541
Gregory of 'Cappadocia, Bishop of Alex-
andria, installed on expulsion of Atha-
nasius, 128
Gregory “the Illuminator," Bishop of
Armenia, 13
Gregory of Nazianzus, Bishop of Constanti.
nople, at Athens with Julian, 101, 116 ;
undertakes mission to Arians of Con.
stantinople, 140; made bishop of Con.
stantinople, 141; cited, 166, 610; his
letters to Basil, 528; describes life of
Basilian monks, 529; education, 570;
Platonism of, 578; teaching of, 587
Gregory, Bishop of Nyssa, expelled, 139;
education, 570; Platonism of, 578;
teaching of, 585, 587, 589 sq. ; Oratio
catechetica of, 589
Gregory, Bishop of Tours, History of, 115 ;
cited, 293, 295, 297 sq. , 418, 425, 535
Greotingi, 185
Greutingi (Greutungi), 185, 203 and note;
under Ermanarich, 214; defeated by
Romans, 216 ; cross the Danube, 232;
defeated by Promotus, 242 sq.
Grimoald, Duke of Beneventum, grants land
to Bulgars, 358
Grisons, the, 452
Grudii, Teutonic tribe, 188
Grumbates, King of the Chionitae, 72
Gubbio, Bishop of. See Decentius
Gubbio, Jerome on bishop of, 167
Gudila, Gothic representative of Theodoric
at Roman Synod, 450
Gumoarius, supports Procopius, 220; de-
serts to Valens, 221
Gunderic, King of the Vandals, death of,
305 ; 317
Gundobad, nephew of Ricimer, 396; slays
Anthemius, 428 ; succeeds Ricimer, ib. ,
433; makes Glycerius emperor, ib.
Gundomad, a prince of the Alemanni, 65;
murdered, 68; 209
Gunterich, Gothic leader, 203
Gunthamund, King of the Vandals, better
treatment of the orthodox Church by,
312, 321; drives back the Moors, 313 ;
death, ib. ; 318
Guntiarius, King of the Burgundians, 275
Gutones, 202 note
Gwynedd, 388
Hadrian I, Bishop of Rome, sends copy of
Canon Law to Charles the Great, 182
Hadrian (P. Aelius Hadrianus), Emperor, 11,
26, 33, 36, 48; Aelia Capitolina founded
by, 174 ; builds wall from Tyne to Solway,
368 ; and the Civil Service of the Empire,
554; and squatters, 560
Hadrianople, Maximin defeated at, 6;
Licinius flees to, 7; battle of, 7, 17;
diocese not represented at Council of
Constantinople, 141; 233 sq. ; battle of
(378), 62, 140, 216, 234 sq. , 237, 248,
250 sq. , 253 ; siege of, 235, 251; Pom.
peius defeated at, 483
Haemus. See Balkan Mts
Hallstatt period of civilisation, 184
Halmyris, occupied by Goths, 255
Hamaland, Chamavi settled in, 295
Hamilcar, 409
Hammurabi, King of Babylon, irrigation
works of, 326
46-2
## p. 724 (#754) ############################################
724
Index
196 sq.
pagan, 110
Hampshire, Roman villas in, 375; Jutes captured by Goths, 472; put to death,
settled on coast of, 382, 389
473
Hannibal, 409
Heraclius, favourite of Valentinian III,
Hanniballianus, nephew of Constantine, plots the death of Aëtius, 418; murdered,
given a kingdom, 22, 55 ; murder of, 55; 419
56
Hercules, worship of, 114; Basilica of,
Harmonius, slain by Arbogast, 245
448
Harpole, Roman pavement at, 613
Hercynian Forest (Hercynia Sylva), 185 note,
Harram, Areobindus at, 482
Harudi, Teutonic tribe, invade the country Herefordshire (Magasaete), 390
of the Sequani, 189, 194
Hermanfred, King of the Thuringians,
Harz Mts, 187 sq.
marries sister of Theodoric, 451
Hasta, Alaric at, 265
Hermanric, son of Aspar, escapes from
Havel, River, 198
Constantinople, 471 ; in command of
Hebdomon, the, a suburb of Constantinople, Rugian force, 478; marriage to grand-
219
daughter of Zeno, ib.
Hebrus. See Maritza River
Hermas, Visions of, 163; Shepherd of,
Hecate, worship of, 93, 100; worship re- 164
vived by Julian, 107 ; 114
Hermeric, King of the Sueves, in Spain,
Hecebolius, tutor of Julian, 99; becomes a 305
Hermes, worshipped by Julian, 102; 103;
Hegesippus, historian, 164
601
Helena (Hélesmes-Nord), Clodion defeated Herminones, primitive German tribe, 292,
at, 297
294
Helena, Flavia Julia, mother of Constantine Hermotinus, of Lucian, 105
the Great, 2, 8, 15; discovery of the True Hermunduri, location of the, 196 sqq. ;
Cross by, 175; sarcophagus of, 602
invade Roman territory, 199; 200
Helena, sister of Constantius II, marries Herodias, Chrysostom reported to have
Julian, 65, 101
compared Eudoxia to, 461, 493
Helena, daughter of Licinius, 15
Herodotus, cited, 341
Helene (Elne), fortress of, 59
Heruli (Aeruli), among auxiliary troops of
Hélesmes-Nord. See Helena
Rome, 72, 420; in Black Sea region,
Heliodorus, Bishop of Tricca in Thessaly, 203 sqq. , 361 ; driven out of Gaul, 207;
Aethiopica attributed to, 569
at war with Goths, 214; troops sent to
Heliopolis, pagan worship in, 97
Britain, 223; ask help of Euric, 284;
Helios, revered by Julian, 106
315; settle in Hungary, 420; lead revolt,
Hellas, gods of, 80, 107, 113
ib. ; in Italy, 430; defeated by Lombards,
Hellas. See Greece
483
Hellebicus, envoy of Theodosius to Antioch, Herzegovina, Roumanians in, 356
241
Hesiod, works of, studied by Basilina and
Hellespont (province), products of, 548
Julian, 63, 98, 100, 108; 103
Hellespont, the. See Dardanelles
Hessians, derived from the Chatti, 300
Helpidius, Rusticus, Theodoric's physician, Hesychius, Bishop of Salona, 151
his poem, the Blessings of Christ, 449 Hiberia, Persia interferes in, 225; Valens
Helveti, Keltic tribes driven out by Suebi, interposes in, 226
189, 194; 190 ; join the Teutons, 192; Hierapolis, Constantius at, 76; Valens at,
protected by the Romans, 195
226, 231
Hengest, reputed leader of Jutish invasion, Hierapolis, Bishop of. See Abercius
380, 382 sqq.
Hierotheus, supposed disciple of St Paul,
Henoticon, the, controversy concerning, works of, 578
478, 489, 514, 517 sq. ; its form and High Cross (Venonae), Roman road through,
object, 516 sq.
376
Heraclas, Bishop of Alexandria, 160 sq. Hilarianus, magister officiorum, sent as
Heraclea in Thrace, Basiliscus lives at, 473; envoy to Theodemir, 471
burnt by Theodoric, 475; precedence of Hilarion, introduces monasticism into
see of, 493
Palestine, 526
Heraclea on the gulf of Tarentum, dis- Hilarius, Bishop of Rome, 155, 158
coveries on site of, 561
Hilary, Bishop of Poitiers, exiled, 131;
Heraclian, general of Honorius, commands de Synodis of, 133; 134 sq. ; ordains
in Africa, 272 sqq. ; revolt of, 401 sq. ; St Martin of Tours, 152; writings of,
death, 402; 403, 408
172, 578, 585, 590
Heraclius, Roman general, leads campaign Hilary, Roman deacon, protests at the
against the Vandals in Africa, 311, 426; Robber Council, 505
sent to help Gobazes, 469
Hilderic, King of the Vandals, 312; ac-
Heraclius, magister militum of Thrace, cession, 313; deposition, 314 ; character
## p. 725 (#755) ############################################
Index
725
534 sq.
of reign, 313 sqq. ; 318; and the Catholic
Church, 321
Hileia (Ellia), 57
Himerius, Bishop of Tarragona, 151, 153,
182
Hindustan, compared in climate with
Trans-Caspia, 324
Hippo Regius (Bona), Council of, 151, 182;
besieged by Vandals, 306, 410; under
Vandal rule, 307; monastic form intro-
duced by Augustine at, 532; 553; Orosius
at, 576
Hippo, Bishops of. See Augustine, Valerius
Hippocrates, cited, 325, 354
Historia adversus paganos of Paulus Oro-
sius, 115
Historia Brittonum, of Nennius, cited,
382 sq. , 391
Historia Monachorum, description of Cellia
in, 522
Historia Religiosa, of Theodoret, 526
Holland, Kelts in, 186 sq.
Homer, works of, studied by Basilina and
Julian, 63, 98, 100, 108; 103, 573
Honoratus, holds military command ander
Theodoric, 442
Honoratus, and the monastery of Lerins,
Honoria (Gratia Justa Honoria), sister of
Valentinian III, influence of, 398;
alleged proposal of marriage to Attila,
364, 415, 417, 421, 424; birth, 404; 406;
banished, 415
Honorians, troops of barbarians in the
Roman service, 267
Honorius, Flavius, Emperor of the West,
opposed by Attalus, 115; early visit to
Rome, 244; made Augustus, 246 ; sum-
moned to his father's death-bed, 247;
receives the Western Empire, 260, 456 ;
marries, 264 ; triumph of, 265 ; 267; at
Bologna, 268; Stilicho and, 269; punishes
Stilicho's family, 270; refuses Alaric's
terms, 271 recognises Constantine as
emperor, ib. ; besieged by Goths, 273;
makes war on Constantine, 274, 401;
puts Constantine to death, 275, 401;
276 ; temporises with Ataulf, 277, 400;
makes a treaty with the barbarians in
Spain, 304 sq. ; repairs British forts,
379; 394; and Placidia, 398; death,
399, 406 sq. , 465; question of succession
to, 402 sq. ; policy of, towards barbarians,
405 ; weakness of character, 406; recruits
army from the Huns, 407, 408, 412, 419,
432, 442 sq. , 459, 461; and the Chrysos-
tom controversy, 494 ; trade guilds under,
551; 564, 594
Horburg near Colmar (Argentaria), Ale-
manni defeated at, 210, 234
Horkstow, Roman pavement at, 613
Hormisdas, Bishop of Rome, fails to come
to terms with Anastasius, 518; makes
peace with Justin, ib.
Horrea Margi, battle of, 483
Horsa, reputed leader of Jutish invasion,
380, 382
Hortarius, King of the Alemanni, 70
Horus, character in the Saturnalia, 572
Hosius (Osius), Bishop of Cordova, at
Council of Nicaea, 14, 120; at Council
of Sardica, 129 sq. , 149, 179 sq. ; 131;
180
Hosius, cook, promoted by Eutropius,
457
Hubel. See Frigidus
Hucumbra, 84
Hugr, leader of Taghlibi, 481
Humber, River, 367 sq. , 390
Huneric, son of Gaiseric, proposals for
marriage of, 307 sq. ; repudiates first
wife, 307, 415; marries Eudoxia, 310,
424, 468; reign of, 312; persecutes the
Catholics, ib. , 321; 313; Moors under,
316; 318
Hungary, early inhabitants of, 188, 197 ;
Huns march from, 280, 364; customs of
Vandals in, 318, 321; Asdingian Vandals
in, 320; Cumans flee to, 328; nomad
hordes in, 352, 356 sqq. ; Priscus in,
415; Sciri and Heruli in, 420; 452
Hungeld, paid by Eastern Empire, 414
Huns, the, invasion of Europe by, 140,
215 sq. , 231 sqq. , 250, 254, 349, 357;
raids of, 239 sq. , 253 sq. , 257, 306, 456 ;
enlist under Theodosius, 242; invade
Syria, 261, 456; enlist under Honorius,
272; increase in power under Attila,
279; invade Gaul, 280 sq. , 399; 315 ;
food of, 340; method of warfare, 347,
350; Ch. x (B) passim; early history
of, 360; serve in Roman army, 361
capture Danube forts, 362 sq. ; domestic
life, 365 sq. ; 392 sq. ; and Aëtius, 394 ;
395; results of invasion of Europe by,
398 ; in Italy, 399; 406 ; under Aëtius
support John, 407 sq. ; maintain Aëtius
in power, 411; bribed by Gaiseric, 413;
levy blackmail on Eastern Empire, 414;
turn against Gaul, ib. ; in the West,
415 sq. ; defeated on Mauriac plain, 280,
416; ravage North Italy, 417; fall back
from Rome, ib. ; 419 ; defeated by Ger.
mans, 420; Romulus ambassador to, 429;
Eutropius and, 457; ravage Thrace, 458,
464, 467; driven beyond the Danube, 462;
465; invade Illyricum, 466 sq. ; end of
empire of, 468; attack Goths, 470; attack
Persia, 482 sq. ; as slaves, 548
Hwicce, kingdom of, 389 sq.
Hy. See Iona
Hydatius, cited, 403, 409
Hypatia, 116; murder of, 463, 494, 513
Hypatius, nephew of Anastasius, commands
in Persian War, 482; fails to quell re-
bellion of Vitalianus, 485 sq. ; captured,
486; released, ib. ; sent on embassy to
Persia, ib.
Hypatius, general, fails to suppress revolt
of Vitalianus, 485
## p. 726 (#756) ############################################
726
Index
Iamblichus, philosopher, 89, 94, 105
Iazyges, driven back across the Danube,
199; 207
Ibas, Bishop of Edessa, and the Nestorian
controversy, 498; deprived by Robber
Council, 505; at Council of Chalcedon,
507; reinstated, 510, 512; 513; and the
school of Edessa, 514, 518; death, 514,
619; 515
Ibbas, general of Theodoric, victorious near
Arles, 452
Iberians, and the Roman Empire, 544;
Latin language modified by, 545
Ibn Rusta, cited, 348
Iceland, mythology of, 386
Iceni, British tribe, 373
Ida, Mt, 16
Ida, King of Bernicia, 391
Ignatius, St, letters of, cited, 145 sqq. , 156,
158; 164
Ildico (Kriemhild), bride of Attila, 365
Ili, River, 323
Ilium, sacked by barbarians, 204
Illus, revolt of, against the Emperor Zeno,
113, 436, 478; subdued, 438, 479; joins
Basiliscus against Zeno, 473; joins Zeno,
ib. ; put in command of troops, 474 ;
attempts made to assassinate, 475; made
magister officiorum, 476; and Verina, ib. ;
made magister militum per Orientem,
477 ; beheaded, 479; death of daughter
of, ib.
Illyria, church of, 182; Stilicho and, 260 sq. ;
Alaric in, 262; Alaric and Stilicho pro-
pose to conquer (Eastern), 265 sqq. ;
attacked by Vandals, 310; ravaged by
Huns, 414; Ostrogoths in, 438; 497;
bishops of, at Council of Chalcedon,
508
Illyrians, and the Roman Empire, 544
Illyricum, under Licinius, 3, 6; ceded to
Constantine, 7; 13, 16, 31 ; awarded to
Constans, 56 ; 59, 61, 75; Januarius at,
218; embassy of Procopius to, foiled,
220; success of Farnobius at, 233; 236;
devastated by Goths, 252; under Theo.
dosius, 253; 393; 412 sq. ; 457; Alaric
magister militum in, 458, 460; taxes
lessened in, 462; Hung in, 466 sqq. ;
raided by Ostrogoths, 469; 474; Bul.
garian raids in, 483
Imbomon, site of the Ascension, 610
Inachus, and the chronology of Eusebius,
583
Indacus, Isaurian robber, removed by Zeno,
470; confederate with Illus, 478; treachery
of, 479
India, Nestorian missionaries in, 519
Indo-Europeans, 353 sq.
Indo-Germanic race, first home of the, 183
Indus, River, 328
Ingaevones, primitive German tribe, 292,
294
Innocent I, Bishop of Rome, cited, 157,
159, 170 sq. , 179, decretal letters of, 182;
joins an embassy to Honorius, 271; and
the Chrysostom controversy, 493 sq.
in Trullo, Quinisextine Council, 181
Iona (Hy), island, monastery of St Columba
in, 533
Ionia, 16
Ionian Sea, nomads find winter quarters
by, 358; Vandals in, 467
Iran, 349, 354
Iranians, the, 330, 354; origin of, 355
Ireland, trading connection with Gaul, 377;
381; monachism in, 533 sqq. , 541
Irenaeus, St, Bishop of Lyons, cited, 167, 172
Irenaeus, Bisbop of Tyre, and Theodoret,
504
Irish Channel, British ports on, visited by
traders from Gaul, 377
Isaac, Roman ex-Jew, identified with Am.
brosiaster, 9. 0.
Isaac of Antioch, protests against abuses of
monachism, 530
Isala River. See Yssel
Isauria, Zeno flees to, 473; Epinicus sent
to, 475; Linges in, 478; revolt in,
479 sq. ; home of Nestorius, 495
Isaurians, the, raids of, 63; and the Eastern
Emperors, 396; recruited by Leo I, 427;
raids of, 461 sq. , 467; defend Constanti.
nople, 467; aid Leo I, 470; Ardaburius
and, 471; unpopularity of, 470 sqq. ;
massacre of, 473; 474; and Illus, 475 sqq. ;
expelled from Constantinople, 479; revolt
of, 480; settled in Thrace, ib.
Isca Dumnoniorum. See Exeter
Isca Silurum. See Caerleon on Usk
Ishim, River, 324
Isidore, Bishop of Seville, his rules for
monks, 533
Isidorian canons, cited, 174, 180; transla-
tion of, 179
Isis, worship of, 9, 569; ceremony of initia-
tion to, 90 sqq. ; 94 sq.
; devotion of Julian
to, 107, 496 ; 112, 114
Islam, 123 sq.
Isocasius, Cilician philosopher, made quaes-
tor, 472; trial of, ib.
Isocrates, 103
Isokasios, quaestor of Antioch, 113
Isonza, River, 259; Odovacar defeated on,
439
Israel. See Jews
Issus, 17
Istaevones, primitive German tribe, 292,
294
Istria, Roumanians in, 356 sq.
Istrus, plundered by Goths, 203
Isurium Brigantum. See Aldborough
Italians, the, under barbarian kings,
439 sqq. ; government unchanged under
Theodoric, 441; and gladiatorial games,
448
Italy, under Maxentius, 3, 40; 6; 13,
16 sqq. , 25 sq. , 30 sqq. ; under Diocletian,
42 sqq. ; 49 sq. ; awarded to Constans,
56; 58 sq. , 61, 76; slow decay of
## p. 727 (#757) ############################################
Index
727
522;
paganism in, 115; 171 sq. ; 182 ; Iron
Age in, 184 ; 190, 192; Germanic tribes
advance upon, 193, 198, 201 ; barbarian
colonists in, 224, 233; secured from
Maximus, 239; army of Gaul invades,
242; Maximus supreme in, 243, 379;
245; Eugenius acknowledged in, 246,
259; Stilicho in, 260 sqq. ; Gothic in-
vasion of, under Alaric, 264 sq. , 270
899. , 392, 460 sq. ; 267 sq. ; Ostro-
goths settle in, 276, 313; 277; Avitus
recognised as emperor in, 281; Odo-
vacar supreme in, 284, 393; Langobards
in, 287, 358; Alemanni in, 299; Silingian
king carried captive to, 304; 305; obtains
corn from Sardinia and Sicily, 306; the
Vandals in, 308; famine in, 416, 309;
310; Magyars reach, 356; Huns in,
364 sq. , 399 sq. ; sends colonists to
Britain, 371 ; 374; 394, 396, 401; at-
tacked by Heraclian, 402; 403; under
Honorius, 405 sq. ; 408; defenceless
condition of, 412; 413, 415; invaded by
Huns, 417; policy of Aëtius successful
in, 419; barbarian kingdom established
in, 420, 428; Gaiseric attacks, 422 sqq. ,
468; Anthemius in, 426 sq. ; under
Odovacar and Theodoric, Ch. xv passim ;
Odovacar king in, 431 sqq. ; alleged par-
tition of land in, 437, 446 sq. ; Theo-
doric in, 438 sqq. ; 479, 483 ; importance
of the Roman Senate in, 443; distribu-
tion of land by Theodoric, 447; resto-
ration of buildings in, 448; Theodoric
and the Church in, 449; 452; 454 sq. ;
Valentinian III reaches, 465; Widimir
in, 471 ; Eastern fleet raids coast, 484;
Arianism of Ostrogoths in, 488 ; pro-
posed council in, 506, 510, 518 ; spread
of monasticism in, 531 ; Benedictine rule
prevails in, 535 sqq. ; 543; wine of, 548;
land taxation in, 562; Christian art in,
Ch. XXI
monasteries founded by, 526;
trained at Aquileia, 531; translates Rule
of Pachomius, 535; 574; translates the
Canones of Eusebius, 583 ; doctrine of,
585; 596
Jerusalem, destruction of, 1; attempt to
restore temple at, 80 sq. ; creed of, 122,
177 ; meeting of bishops at, 128; 136 ;
rise in importance of see of, 174; Aelia
Capitolina built on site of, 174 sq. ;
Eudocia at, 466; Eudoxia dies at, 468 ;
plan of temple at, 608; Christian churches
at, 609
Jerusalem, Bishops of. See Cyril, John,
Juvenal
Jews, the, under law of Constantine, 11;
14; 19; rising among, 63; under Julian,
80; 95; 118; protected by Theodoric,
452 sq. ; persecuted at Ravenna, 453;
riots against, in Alexandria, 463, 489,
494 ; 583; catacombs of, 599; gilt glasses
used by, 606
Jezebel, Eudoxia said to have been com-
pared to, 461, 493
Joannes Antiochenus, cited, 398 and note
Johannes of Epidamnus, Roman general,
commands against the Vandals, 316
John, St, Apostle, and church of Ephesus,
174 ; 584
John the Baptist, St, 493
John, Bishop of Antioch, absent from first
Council of Ephesus, 175; supports Nes-
torius, 498 sq. ; arrives late at Council of
Ephesus, 500 sq. ; holds “Conciliabu-
lum,” 501 ; 502, 509
John Chrysostom, St. See Chrysostom
John, Bishop of Jerusalem, Jerome's com-
plaint against, 175
John “the Persian,” Bishop of Persia, at
the Council of Nicaea, 13
John, Bishop of Ravenna, and Theodoric,
439; arranges treaty with Odovacar,
440
John I, Bishop of Rome, and heresy, 453;
sent on embassy to Justin I, 454; death,
ib.
John Scholasticus, Bishop of Antioch, makes
digest of the Canon Law, 181
John, Count, favourite of Eudoxia, exiled,
263, 459; returns, 460
John the Hunchback, magister militum in
praesenti, defeats Isaurian rebels, 480
John the Scythian, opposes Theodoric, 477;
puts Trocundes to death, 478; quells
Isaurian revolt, 480
John, usurper, declared emperor, 407, 465 ;
defeated, ib. ; executed, 408
John the Vandal, magister militum of
Thrace, murdered, 467
Jordan, River, 23, 121
Jordanes (Jornandes), cited, 185, 203, 361,
398 sq. , 409, 415, 433 sq. , 438, 440
Jotaba, Island of, surrendered to Amru 'l
Kais, 472; recovered by Romans, 481
Jovian (Flavius Claudius Jovianus),
"
Jacob, Syrian hermit, 526
Jacobites, name given to Monophysite sect,
519
Jacobus Baradaeus, Monophysite bishop of
Edessa, reorganises Monophysite Church,
519
Jacobus, Bishop of Nisibis, defends the city,
59
James, St, and church of Jerusalem, 174; 602
James, heathen physician at court of Leo I,
472
Januarius, Roman general, 218
Jaxartes, River, type of nomads in the basin
of, 353
Jerome, St (Eusebius Hieronymus Sophro-
nius), 115 sq. ; ordination of, 152; cited,
154 sqq. , 160 sqq. , 167, 175, 524,531, 544,
546, 570 sq. , 594; ad Evangelum presby-
terum of, 155; and the Canon of Scripture,
173; at Bethlehem, 399; influence on
Theophilus, 490; his description of Nitria,
## p. 728 (#758) ############################################
728
Index
Emperor, 19; elected emperor by the
soldiers, 84 sq. , 136; makes disgraceful
peace with Persia, 85; dies, 86, 137, 209;
possible successors of, 218 sq. ; 225, 227,466
Jovians (Jovii), in Roman army, 220 ; sent
to Britain, 223
Jovinus, ambassador from Leptis, 227 ;
death of, 228
Jovinus, Gaulish noble, declared emperor at
Mainz, 275, 401, 403 ; joined by Ataulf,
277; put to death by Ataulf, 401; 402
Jovinus, officer of Julian, 75; besieges
Aquileia, 76; defeats the Alemanni, 209,
222 ; sent to Britain, 223 ; succeeded by
Theodosius, 224
Jovius, officer of Julian, 75
Jovius, chosen praetorian praefect of Illyria,
267; confers with Alaric, 271 ; vows per-
petual war on Alaric, 272, 273
Julian (Flavius Claudius Julianus), “the
Apostate,” Emperor, 6, 21 sq. ; Ch. III
passim; 55 sq. ; boyhood of, 63, 98 sq. ;
influence of Greek philosophy on, 64,
99 sqq. ; becomes a pagan, ib. , 570; made
Caesar, 65, 131; leads campaign in Gaul,
66 sqq. , 209; administers Gaul, 70 sq. ;
is proclaimed Augustus, 73, 102; advances
against Constantius, 74 ; his aims, 77 ;
causes of his apostasy, 78; his reforms,
79; his treatment of religions, 80, 104 sqq. ,
126; his Persian campaign, 82 sqq. ; death
of, 84 sq. , 112; funeral of, 86; 87, 95 ;
as Pontifex Maximus, 107 sqq. , 116 ; 125 ;
132, 134 sqq. , 169, 218 sqq. , 237; defeats
the Salian Franks, 296; defeats the Ri.
puarian Franks, 299; his treatise in
honour of Cybele, 496; attempts to regu.
late trade, 550; and Neoplatonism, 568 ;
575; and the stage, 593; and Christian
hospitals, 595
Julian, city. praefect of Constantinople, de-
posed, 479
Julian, magister militum of Thrace, killed,
480
Juliana, grand-daughter of Valentinian III,
offered in marriage to Theodoric, 475;
wife of Areobindus, 485
Julianus, comes patrimonii under Theodoric,
442
Julia Traducta. See Tarifa
Juliers, a principal city of the Ripuarian
Franks, 300
Julius I, Bishop of Rome, tries case of
Athanasius and Marcellus, 128 sqq. ; 159
Julius Constantius, half-brother of Con.
stantine the Great, 22; death of, 63
Julius, Roman general, commands in Thrace,
220 ; massacres the Goths in Asia, 252
Junius Bassus, praefect of Rome, sculptures
on sarcophagus of, 602, 604
Juno, Julian revives worship of, 107
Jupiter, 95 ; Julian revives worship of, 107;
Flavianus erects statues of, 247 ; 575
Jupiter Capitolinus, temple of, at Rome,
destroyed by the Vandals, 308, 421
Jura Mts, crossed by Constantius, 65;
Teutons reach the, 194; 534
Justasa, robber, made emperor by Samari.
tans, 474 ; defeated and killed, ib.
Justin I, Eastern Emperor, accession of,
313; 314; proscribes Arianism, 453 sq. ,
485; makes peace with see of Rome, 518
Justin Martyr, letter of Ignatius to, 146;
Apology of, cited, 149, 161
Justina, Aviana, wife of Valentinian I,
Arianism of, 142; 231 ; influences policy
of Valentinian II, 239, 242; death, 243
Justinian, Eastern Emperor, Code of, 1,
556 ; crushes paganism, 113 sq. ; and the
Vandal kingdom, 314 sq. , 318; and the
Ostrogothic kingdom, 432; 440; Authen-
ticus of, cited, 444 ; novel of, cited, 445 ;
Amalasuntha appeals to, 455; 484, 502;
rebuilds Christian churches, 610
Justinian, general of Constantine the usur-
per, defeated by Sarus, 267
Jutes, the, early settlements of, 382, 384 ;
385, 389, 393
Juthungi, tribe of the Alemanni, 200; make
raid on Rhaetia, 241, 410
Jutland, Teutons early settled in, 183 ; 194,
384, 386
Juvenal (Decimus Junius Juvenalis), 575
Juvenal, Bishop of Jerusalem, at Council of
Ephesus, 175; receives reports of decision
of synod at Rome, 499; assessor at the La-
trocinium, 505; at Council of Chalcedon,
508 sq. ; deprived, 509; pardoned, ib. ;
driven from see, 512; reinstated, ib.
Juvencus, presbyter, makes a metric version
of the Gospel, 570
Kalmucks, class distinctions among the,
335; food of, 340; education, 342; re-
ligion, 344 sqq.
Kalonymus, commands Roman fleet against
Vandals, 315
Kara-Kalpaks, customs of, 339
Kara-Kirghiz people, system of government
of, 334 ; food of, 340
Kawad, King of Persia, at war with Rome,
481 sqq. ; makes terms, 483
Kazak Kirghiz, class distinctions among,
335; customs, 339; dress, 341
Kelts (Celtae), the, troops summoned from
Gaul, 72 sq. ; early home of, 184 ; influ.
ence the Teutons, 185; expansion of,
186 sq. ; 189; expelled from South Ger-
many, 190; 191 ; rising of, 267; in
Britain, 368, 370, 373, 546; 544; and the
Latin language, 545
Kenchester (Magna) in Herefordshire,
possibly site of Romano-British town, 373
Kent, Caesar in, 368; Roman villas in,
375; Roman road through, 376; Jutes
in, 382; kingdom of, 389
Kessima, G. , cited, 189 note
Khin-gan Mts, 323
Khiva, slave-markets of, 348; corrupt ad.
ministration of, 352
## p. 729 (#759) ############################################
Index
729
Khokand, 348
Khorasan, Turks flee from, 328; devastated
by Chinghiz Khan, 350
Kinzig Valley, 209 note
Kirghiz, the, wealth of, 331; clan-feeling
among, 334; wanderings of, 335; customs
of, 337 sqq. ; 348; character, 352
Kniwa, King of the Goths, attacks the
Romans, 203 sq.
Koré, worship of, 93
Körös, River, 365
Kriemhild. See Ildico
.
Labarum, the Byzantine, origin of, 4 sq. ;
abolished by Julian, 104
Laconia, the barbarians in, 205
Lacringi, Vandalic tribe, 195, 198; invade
Roman provinces, 199
Lactantius, cited, 4, 51, 549
Laeti, the, 67
Lahn, River, 186 note
Laibach. See Aemona
Lambro, River, 434
Lampadius, praefect of Rome, 272
Lampridius, poet and rhetorician, cited, 158,
551; at Bordeaux, 292
Lampsacus, Tribigild at, 459
Lancashire, Roman forts in, 369
Lanciones, repulsed by Romans, 208
Langobards. See Lombards
Laodicea Combusta, Bishop of. See Eu-
genius
Laodicea in Phrygia, trade of, 548 sq. ; code
of the Council of, 179 sq. ; 242
Laodicea in Syria, linen trade of, 548 sq.
Laodicea, Bishop of. See Apollinarius
Larissa, Alaric encounters Stilicho near,
260 ; sacked by Theodoric, 477
Lascaris, house of, 19
La Tène civilisation, 187 and note
Lateran. See Church of St John Lateran
Latona, Julian revives worship of, 107
Latopolis (Esneh), monasteries near, 524
Laurentius, Bishop of Milan, and Theodoric,
439, 446
Laurentius, anti-pope, disputed election of,
449; made bishop of Nuceria, ib. ; 450
Lauretum, part of palace at Ravenna,
Odovacar murdered in, 440
Lauriacum, Gratian at, 234, 253
Lausiac History of Palladius, cited, 526,
528
Lawrence, St, church at Rome named after,
159
Lazica (Colchis), 225 sq. , 469
Leander, Bishop of Seville, his Rules for
monks, 533
Leges Barbarorum, 392
Leicester (Ratae), Romano-British town, 373;
Roman road through, 376
Leine, River, 186 and note
Lemnos, 205
Lemovi (Lemovii), early settlements of,
185, 198
Lenborough, 390
Lentienses, tribe of the Alemanni, 200; 209;
defeated at Argentaria, 210, 233 sq. , 252 ;
237, 253
Leo I, Emperor of the East, coins of, found
in Childeric's tomb, 299; sends embassies
to Gaiseric, 310; makes peace with Gai.
seric, 311; death, ib. ; and Aspar, 395,
469 sqq. ; promotes Ricimer and Majorian,
423; and Marcellinus, 424; recognised in
the West, 425; appoints Anthemius em.
peror, 426, 470; preserves Eastern Em-
pire, 427; 428 ; appoints Nepos emperor,
429, 433, 474; and Theodoric, 437; 443;
and Cyrus, 466; accession, 468; and
Gobazes, 469; and the Goths, 471; 475,
479, 515
Leo II, Emperor of the East, accession, 472;
death, 472 sq. ; 515
Leo I, the Great, Bishop of Rome, 155 ;
sermons of, 162; 170; Tome of, 173;
505 sq. , 509, 516 sq. ; and the Nicene
canons, 179; 182 ; and Gaiseric, 308, 396,
421 ; his embassy to Attila, 365, 396 sq. ,
417; power and influence of, 396; and
the Monophysite controversy, 503 sq. ; and
the Latrocinium, 505; and the Eastern
court, 506 ; summons synod at Rome, ib. ;
work of delegates at Council of Chalcedon,
508 sqq. ; and decisions of the Council,
511; supports Juvenal, 512; and the riots
in Alexandria, 513 ; confirms appointment
of bishop of Antioch, 514; 517
Leo of Narbonne, first minister of Euric
and of Alaric II, 290; literary talent of,
292
Leo, wool-comber, promoted by Eutropius,
457; sent against Tribigild, 458; defeated
and slain, ib.
Leonas, envoy of Constantius, 74
Leontia, daughter of Leo I, marries Patricius,
470; marries Marcian, 471; imprisoned,
476
Leontius, Athenian sophist, 463
Leontius, general, supports Illus, 113, 438,
477; is crowned by Verina, 478; beheaded,
479
Leporius of Marseilles, monk, condemned
by Council of Carthage, 498
Leptis, sufferings of the citizens of, 227 sq.
Lerins, St Patrick at, 533; the monastery
of, 534
Lerna, pagan worship at, 93
Lesbos. See Mitylene
Lesghians, defeated by Mongols, 350
Letocetum. See Lichfield
Letter of Constantine to the Provincials on
Christianity, 11
Letts, early settlements of, 184
Leucippe and Cleitophon, fifth century novel,
398
Levites, the, bishops compared with, 157
Lex Francorum Chamavorum, 295
Lex Hadriana de rudibus agris, 560
Lex Julia, and trade guilds, 551
Lex Romana Visigothorum, or Breviarium
## p. 730 (#760) ############################################
730
Index
of Italy by, 364, 432, 455; defeat Heruli,
483 ; sack Monte Cassino, 541
Lombardy, held by Theodoric, 439
London, 43, 175; Theodosius at, 223 ;
Roman roads radiating from, 376; Roman
relics found at, 612, 614 note
London, Bishop of, at Council of Arles, 12
Longinianus, praetorian praefect, slain in
the mutiny at Pavia, 269
Longinus, brother of Zeno, captured, 473;
retained as hostage, 475, 477 ; escapes,
478; magister militum, 479; forced to
take orders, 479 sq. ; exiled, 480; dies, ib. ;
poverty of family of, ib.
Longinus of Cardala, Isaurian, magister
officiorum, 478; joins insurgents, 480 ;
beheaded, ib.
Longinus of Selinus, helps Isaurian rebels,
480 ; beheaded, ib.
Lopodunum, 224
Lot, Bible story of, 336
Louvre, Museum of the, specimen of pictured
linen at, 608
Low Countries. See Netherlands
Lucania, 30
Lucentius, Bishop, legate of Pope Leo at
Council of Chalcedon, 508
Lucian, satirist, 89 sq.
Lucian, Count of the East, put to death, 456
Lucian of Antioch, 119; bishops influenced
by, 126; teacher of Arius, 129; school of,
155
Lucifer, Bishop of Calaris, exiled, 131 ;
consecrates Paulinus of Antioch, 136 sq.
Lucillianus, Count, general of Constantius,
59 sq. ; surprised by Julian, 75; com.
mands fleet on Euphrates, 82
Lucretius, Titus Carus, 582
Lucullanum, villa in the Campania, assigned
to Romulus Augustulus, 434
Lucullus, L. Licinius, villa of, 434
Lugdunensis Tertia, Gothic rule in, 287
Lugdunum. See Lyons
Lugi (Lugii), 196, 198
Lupercalia, the, changed to Christian festi.
val, 117
Lupicinus, magister armorum, oppresses the
Goths, 215 sq. ; commands in Britain,
73, 378; 232 sq. ; defeated at Marcianople,
216; comes to the help of Valens, 221
Lusitania (Portugal), barbarians in, 274;
Alani receive land in, 275, 304, 358;
Goths hold, 287; invaded by Sueves, 305;
recovered for Rome by Wallia, 404 ; 413
Lychnidus, Theodoric repulsed from, 475
Lycopolis (Asyut), 522
Lyons (Lugdunum), 43; Magnentius kills
himself at, 61 sq. ; church of, 164; 175;
Gratian killed at, 238, 255; Marcian at,
423
Lyons, Bishop of. See Irenaeus
Lysias, 103
Alaricianum published, 286; distribution
of copies of, 290
Libanius, rhetorician, cited, 57; influences
Julian, 64, 99 ; 81, 89, 104; Chrysostom
& pupil of, 116, 491, 570; and the citizens
of Antioch, 241; his description of legal
proceedings, 563; and the stage, 593; 594
Liber Historiae, cited, 295, 298
Liberius, Bishop of Rome, exiled by Con.
stantius, 131; 147; 153; 159
Liberius, officer under Odovacar, promoted
by Theodoric, 443, 446; and the distribu.
tion of land, 447
Liber Pontificalis, cited, 158, 417
Libya, Arian bishops of, 121; 171; raids of
barbarians in, 458, 467, 483; the Henoti.
con sent to, 516
Libyans, 502
Lichfield, 376
Licinianus, son of Licinius, 7
Licinius (P. Flavius Galerius Valerius Li.
cinianus), Emperor, 3; tolerant towards
Christians, 4 899. ; marriage of, 5; defeats
Maximin, 6; struggles with Constantine,
7 sq. ; is executed, 8; 9, 12, 15, 17, 211
Licinius (the younger), executed, 15
Liguria, 239, 273; Huns in, 417; Odovacar
supported by barbarians of, 434; Burgun.
dians in, 439, 445; inhabitants restored,
445; taxes partially remitted in, 446;
land awarded to Goths in, 447
Lilybaeum, held by Vandals, 311, 313
Limigantes, the, 20; treacherously attack
Constantine and are massacred, 71
Lincoln (Lindum), colonia at, 371,
Roman roads at, 376
Lincolnshire, Roman villas in, 375
Lindisfarne, Theodrio besieged in, 391
Lindsey (district of), 389; absorbed in
Mercia, 390
Lindum colonia. See Lincoln
Linges, bastard brother of Illus, commands
in Isauria, 478
Linginines, Count of Isauria, joins insur.
gents, 480; killed, ib.
Linzgau, country of the Lentienses, 252
Lippe, River, Keltic name, 186 note; Arbo-
gast by, 259; 361
Liscia, Maximus defeated at, 256
Lithuanians, early settlements of the, 184
Litorius, lieutenant of Aëtius, paganism
of, 395, 418; raises siege of Narbonne,
411
Littlecote Park, Ramsbury, Orpheus pave-
ment at, 614
Lodi, Odovacar in the plains of, 434
Logadius, prince of the Theodosian house,
opposes Constantine the usurper, 267
Loire, River, limit of Gothic territory, 281,
283; Clovis crosses, 286; Salian Franks
fight the Romans along, 298; Saxons
seize islands in, 299; 411 sq.
Lombards (Langobards), the, subjugated by
the Marcomanni, 196 ; location of, 198;
treatment of subject race by, 287; invasion
373;
Mabillon, Jean, on Spanish monachism,
533
## p. 731 (#761) ############################################
Index
731
481
Macarius of Egypt, disciple of Anthony,
522; Rule attributed to, 535
Macedonia, 2; Rome interferes in, 191;
barbarians in, 204 sqq. , 250 ; 220; 248;
251 ; under Theodosius, 253; Alaric in,
260, 456; ancestors of the Franks in,
293; 357; Theodoric in, 475, 477; plun.
dered by Slavs, 483; mines of, 548
Macedonians, related to the Franks,
293
Macedonius, Bishop of Constantinople,
deprived, 518
Macedonius, heresy of, 177
Macellum, prison of Julian and Gallus, 63,
99
Macrian, King of the Alemanni, 224; makes
peace with Valentinian, 229
Maorina, sister of St Basil, 531
Macrinius Vindex, praetorian praefect, de-
feated and slain, 199
Macrobius, Ambrosius Theodosius, cited,
110, 594; Saturnalia of, 571, 573, 592;
Commentary on the Dream of Scipio of,
572; and the Plotinian philosophy, 573;
574; and Aristotle, 579
Ma'di Kharb, leader of Taghlibi, raid of,
Maedi, 191
Maelgwn, (King of) Gwynedd, 388
Maeotis, Lake. See Azov
Magasaete. See Herefordshire
Magians, Roman treatment of the, 469
Magnentius, Emperor of the West, usurps
the throne, 59; opposes Constantius, 60;
is defeated and flees, 61; kills himself,
62; 64; results of his treachery, 65 sq. ,
208; 77; 130; the elder Gratian and,
218
Magnesia, early Christians of, 146
Magyars, customs of the, 341; formerly
fire-worshippers, 346; slave-holders, 348;
invasion of Europe by, 349, 357 ; tactics
of, 351; language of, 355 ; mixed race of,
356, 359
Mahomet, 123; condemns agricultural
labour, 338
Main, River, campaign of Julian on, 69;
186 sq. ; and the Teuton settlements,
188 sq. ; 192 sq. , 197 sq. , 200 sq. , 207 ;
migration of the Vandals along the, 266 ;
early Germanic settlements on, 294 sq. ;
Frankish tribes on, 300
Mainz, taken by the Alemanni, 66; 68 sq. ;
Maximian at, 207; massacre of inhabi.
tants by barbarians, 224; Valentinian
at, 225; destroyed by Vandals, 266 ;
Jovinus declared emperor at, 275; 295,
416
Maiozamalcha, fortress of, taken by Julian,
83
Majorian, Emperor of the West, 282; and
the Vandals, 309, 423 sq. ; abdication,
310; death, 310, 424, 468; and the Senate,
397, 443; made emperor, 423; ante-
cedents, ib. ; character of government,
ib. ; successes in Gaul, ib. ; and Mar.
cellinus, 425; recognised by Eastern
Empire, 468
Malamocco, 417 note
Mallobaudes, King of the Franks, in com.
mand at Argentaria, 234, 252
Mamre, church built at, 611
Man, Isle of, traces of pagan worship in, 90
Manchester, site of Roman fort, 370
Manichaeans, the, nature fables of, 581
Mannus, legendary ancestor of Germans,
292
Maranga, skirmish at, 84
Marbod, chief of the Marcomanni, 196 sq.
Marca, the, country of the Marcomanni,
189
Marcellianus, Roman officer, murders
Gabinius, 229
Marcellinus, count of the sacred largesses,
conspires against Constans, 59; is defeated
by Constantius, 61
Marcellinus, brother of Maximus, 243
Marcellinus, Roman general, sent against
the Vandals, 310, 426; murdered, 311,
425 sq. ; cited, 399, 431; paganism of, 418;
trained by Aëtius, 419, 425; rules in
Dalmatia, 424, 468; character, 425; 429 ;
submits to Anthemius, 470; 474
Marcellus of Ancyra, and the Arian con-
troversy, 121, 126 sqq. ; acquitted of
heresy, 129; 130; 137 ; confession of
faith of, 139; school of, 140; heresy of,
177
Marcellus, general of Constantius, 66;
disgraced, 67; takes Cyzicus, 221
Marcellus, treasury counsel under Theodoric,
442
March (Marus), River, 192, 196 sq.
Marcian, Emperor of the East, refuses help
against the Vandals, 309; refuses tribute
to Attila, 364 sq. ; 414 ; Britain invaded
by English in reign of, 382; and Council
of Chalcedon, 417, 507, 510 sq. ; and
Aëtius, 419; and Maximus, 421; re-
cognises Avitus, 422; death, 423, 468,
426 ; and the consulship, 444;
made emperor, 467 ; marries Pulcheria,
ib. , 506; reign, 468; orthodoxy of, 506;
and the insurrection at Jerusalem, 512;
517
Marcian, son of Anthemius, marries Leontia,
471 ; rebels, 476 ; imprisoned, ib. ; pro-
claimed emperor, 477
Marcianople, attacked by barbarians, 203,
206; Romans defeated at, 216, 233, 250;
Valens at, 221; treachery shewn to the
Goths at, 232 sq.
Marcomania, proposed new province, 200
Marcomanni, a tribe of Suebi, 189, 194; in
Bohemia, 195; 196 sqq. ; invade Roman
provinces, 199 ; subdued, 200; 202, 207;
under Attila, 361
Marcomir, leader of the Franks, 243, 256;
gives hostages, 244, 256 ; commands the
Chatti, 259 ; exiled, 260; 293, 295
513;
:
## p. 732 (#762) ############################################
732
Index
Marco Polo, cited, 339, 342, 350, 359
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, Emperor, 1,
25, 33, 47, 77; and the German invasion,
198 sq. ; death of, 200; policy of, 206 ;
238 ; 569 sq.
Marcus, proclaimed emperor in Britain,
267 note, 380
Mardia, the plain of, battle on, 7
Mardin, 482
Mardonius, tutor to Julian, 63, 98 sq. , 103
Mare Suevicum. See Baltic Sea
Marga, Thomas of. See Thomas
Margus (Passarovitz), betrayed by the
bishop to the Huns, 363
Margus (Passarovitz), Bishop of, and Attila,
362; betrays Margus to the Huns, 363
Margus, River. See Morava
Maria, daughter of Stilicho, marries
Honorius, 264 ; dies, 268
Marina, daughter of Arcadius, 462; and
Nestorius, 499, 502
Marinus, minister of Anastasius I, and
financial reform, 483; hostility of the
mob to, 485
Marinus, tribune, 64
Maris, Bishop of Chalcedon, and Julian,
135
Maritza, River (Hebrus), Gothic colonists
on, 239; Goths defeated on, 250, 258;
Theodosius defeated on, 258; 474
Maritza Pass, army of Valens in, 234
Marius, C. , defeats the Cimbri, 193; 434
Mark, St, ordinance of, 160; importance of
church of Alexandria due to, 171, 507
Marmora (Propontis), 17, 56, 63; Heruli
on, 205 ; 251; nomads winter by, 358;
462 ; pirates in, 465
Marmoutier, monastery of St Martin at,
534
Mars, 95; Julian revives worship of, 107;
identical with Thunor or Ti, 386
Marseilles, as seat of learning, 88; Ataulf
fails to take, 277, 402; taken by Goths,
284, 430 ; beginnings of monachism at,
534
Marseilles, Bishop of. See Proculus
Marsus, Roman general, 113; leads cam-
paign against the Vandals in Africa, 311;
and Illus, 477 ; death, 478
Martianus, general of Constantius, 75
Martin, Bishop of Braga in Spain, Capitula
of, 181 ; fosters monachism, 532
Martin, St, Bishop of Tours, 152; biography
of, cited, 153; monastic foundations of,
Mascezel, Moorish prince, drives out his
usurping brother, 263
Massagetae, the, invade Persia, 59; cannibal
customs of, 349
Maternus, Julius Firmicus, cited, 92
Matronianus, brother-in-law of Illus, con.
veys Verina to Tarsus, 476 ; accompanies
Illus to Antioch, 477 ; shut out of Edessa,
478
Matterhorn, the, 4
Matthew, St, discovery of autograph of
Gospel of, 175
Mauretania, church councils for, 164; 262;
coast infested by Vandals, 305, 409; 307;
laid waste before the Roman advance,
309; conquered by Moors, 314 ; ceded to
Vandals, 411, 413; slave trade in, 548
Mauretania Caesariensis, retained by Rome,
307 ; conquered by Moors, 314; 316;
reoccupied by Gaiseric, 422
Mauretania Sitifensis, retained by Rome,
307 ; conquered by Moors, 314; 316;
reoccupied by Gaiseric, 422
Mauretania Tingitana, ceded to Vandals,
307; conquered by Moors, 314; 316;
Vandals land in, 409
Mauriacus, battle of, 280, 297, 364, 416,
418, 421; site, 416 note
Maurice, Eastern Emperor, 484
Maurus, St, 541
Maxentius, Emperor, 3; defeat and death
of, 4; 5, 31 ; debases the coinage, 40; 44
Maximian (Maximianus I), Emperor, ab-
dicates, 2; 3, 15, 16; successes against
barbarians, 207; Carausius claims to be
colleague of, 377
Maximian, Bishop of Constantinople, ap.
pointed on deprivation of Nestorius, 501
Maximianus, Cornelius, poetry of, 449
Maximin (Galerius Valerius Maximinus,
called Daza or Daia), Emperor, 3; treat-
ment of Christians by, 4 sqq. ; defeat
and death of, 6; 9, 15, 17, 22 ; 79 sq. ;
attempts to organise pagan religions, 107;
drives back barbarians, 201
Maximin, imperial envoy, takes hostages of
the Blemmyes, 468
Maximinus, praefect of Illyricum, 229;
ill-treats the Goths, 232
Maximus, made emperor in Spain by
Gerontius, 274, 400
Maximus, Cn. Mallius, consul, defeated,
192
Maximus, Magnus Clemens, proclaimed
534
emperor in Britain, 238, 255, 379;
defeats Gratian, ib. ; attempts to entrap
Valentinian II, 239; refuses burial in
Italy for corpse of Gratian, 240; 241 ;
makes war on Valentinian II, 242;
defeated and slain, 243, 255 sq. ; charac-
ter, ib. ; 244, 383 note
Maximus, Petronius, made emperor, 281,
308, 397, 420; and the murder of
Valentinian III, 398, 419 and note; plans
the death of Aëtius, 418; death, 421
Martin of Bracara, Homilies of, 115
Martinianus, officer of Licinius, made
magister officiorum, 8
Martinianus, officer of Zeno, made magister
militum, 474; 475
Martyria, Christian tomb chambers, 609
Martyrium (Great Church), at Jerusalem,
plan of, 609
Martyropolis, betrayed to Persia, 481
Marus, River. See March
## p. 733 (#763) ############################################
Index
733
Michael (VIII) Palaeologus, Eastern Em.
peror, 19
Maximus, Bishop of Antioch, at Council of
Chalcedon, 508; appointment, 514; de-
position, ib.
Maximus of Turin, Homilies of, 115
Maximus, philosopher, 64, 78; thaumaturgic
séances of, 100; Julian writes to, 102;
106; distrusted by Valentinian, 219;
conspires against Valens, 226
Mayenne, River, 299
Mazaca. See Caesarea in Cappadocia
Mazices, eastern tribe, raid Libya, 483
Mecklenburg, Teutons in, 186
Media, 82; the Scythian invasion of, 354;
361
Medieval History, epoch of beginning of, 1
Mediterranean Sea, Vandals on, 306, 309
sqq. , 412; Vandal rule in islands of,
320; 379; 405; 411
Megara, taken by Goths, 261, 457
Megarians, the, 17
Melania, Roman lady, monastery founded
by, 526; establishes sisterhood in
Palestine, 531
Melania, granddaughter of above, 526
Melanthias, Valens at, 234
Melas, River, 458
Melchiades. See Miltiades
Meletian schism, the, 12, 14
Meletius, Bishop of Antioch, 134 sqq.
corn to Rome, 263; 264; irruption of
barbarian hordes into, 266 sq. , 394, 400;
Constantine the usurper in, 267 sq. , 401,
461; 271; rising of Kelts in, 267; Goths
in, 274; Visigoths settle in, 275 sq. ;
Ataulf's successes in, 277 sq. ; spread of
Visigothic dominion in, 281 sqq. , 393;
end of Visigothic rule in, 285 sq. ; legisla-
tion in, 287; 289; survival of Roman
literature in, 292; 296; Salian Franks in,
297 sqq. ; Clovis conquers, 299; death of
Avitus in, 309; Aegidius in, 310; Alans
in, 358; 361; attacked by Huns, 364,
399, 414 sqq. ; Caesar's conquest of, 368;
372 sqq. ; connection with Ireland, 377;
attacked by Saxons, 378; imports corn
from Britain, 379; 380, 394, 402; Con-
stantius drives Goths from, 403; Goths
settled in, 404 ; local government given
to, 405; 407; Aëtius commands in, 408
8qq. ; policy of Aëtius towards, 411 sq. ,
418; barbarians in various parts of, 413;
Huns leave, 417; Avitus commands troops
in, 421; flight of Avitus to, 422; success
of Majorian in, 423; Aegidius rules in,
424 sq. ; Visigothic rule established in, 427,
429; Gundobad in, 428; lost to Rome,
430 sq. ; 433, 452; monachism in, 534 sqq. ,
541; Latin language modified in, 545;
import trade of, 548; “patronage” in,
564; early Christian art in, 614
Gauls, the, in the Roman army, 4, 6, 61 sq. ,
190 ; defeated at Admagetobriga, 193;
promoted by Procopius, 220; at the battle
on the Frigidus, 247
Gautar, 185
Gauthigoth, 185
Gaza, wine of, 548
Geberic, Gothic king, 19
Geilamir, more correct form for Gelimer
(g. v. ), 314 note
Index
is killed, 263, 460; 264; causes death of
Rufinus, 262, 457 ; made magister mili-
tum, 458; sent against Tribigild, ib. ;
insists on death of Eutropius, 459; and
Chrysostom, 491
Gaiseric, King of the Vandals, in alliance
with Theodoric, 279; leads the Vandals
into Africa, 305, 409 sq. ; takes Carthage,
306, 412; builds a fleet, 306, 412; obtains
by treaty part of Africa, 307, 411 sqq. ;
forms alliance with Visigoths, 307; plun-
ders Rome, 308, 421, 468 ; allies with
Spanish Sueves, 309; destroys Majorian's
fleet, 310, 423; attacks Eastern Empire,
310; treats with the Emperor Zeno, 311,
472; death of, 311, 472; 312; 314 sq. ;
arranges the succession by will, 317 sq. ;
and the Catholics, 321, 362, 364, 393,
395 sq. ; and Eudoxia, 398, 421, 424, 468;
incites the Huns against the Eastern
Empire, 413 sq. ; incites the Huns against
the Visigoths, 415 ; 417; 419 sq. ; and
Avitus, 422; and Majorian, 423 sq. ; and
Aegidius, 425; frustrates Roman attempt
on Carthage, 310, 421; 428; 431 ; treats
with Odovacar, 436
Gaiserix, correct form of Gaiseric, 305 note
Gaiso, murders Constans, 59
Galatai, doubtful identity of, 190
Galatia, 79, 110, 139; clothing trade of,
548
Galatians, Keltic tribe, 546
Galba, Ser. Sulpicius, Emperor, 45
Galchas, the, 330
Galen (Claudius Galenus), 89
Galerius (Galerius Valerius Maximianus),
Emperor, 2; death, 3; edict of, 3, 13;
15; 22
Galicia, barbarians in, 274 sq. ; Asdingi
and Suevi awarded land in, 275, 304;
356
Galilee, 94, 101
Galilei, Galileo, 581
Galla, wife of Theodosius I and sister of
Valentinian II, 242
Galla Placidia. See Placidia, sister of
Honorius
Gallehus in Jutland, archaeological dis-
coveries at, 386
Gallia Lugdunensis, Vandals pass through,
266
Gallienus, P. Licinius Valerianus Egnatius,
Emperor, 6; 17, 72, 140; defeats Ale-
manni, 201; and the Goths, 204 sq. ; 207,
210, 212, 547
Gallipoli, 17
Gallus, nephew of Constantine, 55; marries
Constantina, 60; 61; brutality of, 62;
fall and execution of, 63, 64, 67; 98 sq.
Gangra, canons of Council of, 179 sq. ;
Dioscorus dies at, 512; views of Council
of, 527
Gascony, relic of pre-Roman times in, 546
Gaudentius, magister equitum, father of
Aëtius, 406
C. MED. H. VOL. I.
46
## p. 722 (#752) ############################################
722
Index
Ghassani Arabs, incursion of, repelled, 481
Gibraltar, Straits of, Gothic fleet founders
in, 278, 404 ; 307, 409
Gildas, cited, 380, 388 sq.
Gildo, Moorish prince, Count of Africa, re-
volt of, 262 sqq. , 458; death, 264
Gintonius, officer of Constantius II, 73
Glamorgan, 372
Glastonbury, Keltio villages excavated near,
376
Glevum. See Gloucester
Glon, Persian commander, 481; put to
death, 482
Gloucester (Glevum), colonia at, 371, 373;
Roman road through, 376; taken by
West Saxons, 390
Gloucestershire, Roman villas in, 375;
Weat Saxon victories in, 390
Glycerius, Emperor of the West, proclaimed
emperor, 428, 433; captured, 429; made
bishop of Salona, ib.
Goar, King of the Alani, enlists in Roman
army, 266; makes Jovinus emperor,
275
Gobazes, King of Lazica, negotiates with
the Romans, 469
Gobi Desert, 323
Godas, Vandal governor of Sardinia, rebels
against Gelimer, 315
Godigisel, King of the Vandals, 264; slain,
266
Gelani, the, form alliance with Persia, 71
Gelasius I, Bishop of Rome, changes the
Lupercalia into a Christian festival, 117;
182; cited, 428; supports Theodoric, 439;
election of, 449
Gelimer, King of the Vandals, accession of,
314; defies Justinian, 315; 317 sq. ; 321
Geneva, the Calvinism of, 124
Genèvre, Mt, military road crossing, 277 ;
Ataulf marches over, 401
Gennadius, Bishop of Constantinople, 515
sq.
Genobaudes, leader of the Franks, raid of,
243, 256
Genseric, incorrect form of Gaiseric (q. v. ),
305 note
George of Cappadocia, Bishop of Alexandria,
murdered, 80; library of, used by Julian,
99; driven from see, 132
Georgia, devastated by Chinghiz Khan, 350
Georgians, defeated by Mongols, 350
Gepidae, early settlements of, 185, 203, 361;
in Transylvania, 205; at
war with
Tervingi, 206 ; defeat Huns, 420; and
Mundo, 483
Germania of Tacitus, cited, 383
Germania Magna, proposed new province
of, 195
Germanianus, officer of Julian, 75
German Ocean (Oceanus Germanicus). See
North Sea
Germans, the, 19, 44 sq. , 60; defeat Bar-
batio, 68 ; 74; 101 sq. ; 188; ravage Gaul,
192, 194; reach Italy, 201; 202; plot
against Theodosius, 243; invade Gaul,
266 ; legendary origin of, 292; tribal
antagonism of, 294; 321 ; under King
Rua, 360 sq. ; at court of Attila, 365 ;
392 sq. ; defeat Huns, 420; settle in
Italy, ib. ; in Ricimer's army, 427; as
slaves, 548
Germanus, monk, friend of Cassian, 525
Germany, 45 ; Creed of Constantinople used
in, 177 ; Indo-Germanic race in, 183 ;
185 sqq. ; Marcomanniin, 189 ; 190, 193;
successes of Drusus in, 195 sq. ; 198;
Marcus Aurelius in, 199, 200, 207, 222;
early inhabitants, 292 sqq. ; 300, 359;
Britisb recruits sent to, 370; imports
corn from Britain, 379; 384 sq. ; 452 ;
nunneries in, 542
Gerontius, Roman general in Greece, 261
Gerontius, general of Constantine the
usurper, 267 ; betrays and kills Constans,
274; death, ib. , 401; makes Maximus
emperor, 274, 400
Gervasius, discovery of body of, 581
Gesalech, pretender to the Visigothic throne,
supported by Thrasamund the Vandal,
313
Gesila, the Sajo in Tuscany, and the land-
tax, 446
Gesta inter Liberium et Felicem, cited, 149,
153
Gessoriacum. See Boulogne
Golden Gate. See Constantinople
Golden Horn, the, 17, 462
Golgotha, church of Constantine on, 128
Gordian III (M. Antonius Gordianus),
Emperor, 203
Gordianus, priest at Rome, 159
Gortyna, plan of temple at, 608
Gothland, Teutons settled in, 183 ; 185
Goths, the, 7 sq. , 13; 17; defeated by Con.
stantine II, 19, 20; temple of Eleusis
destroyed by, 113; take Rome, 170;
Arian Visigoths converted, 177; early
settlements of, 185, 190, 198; subdued
by Marcomanni, 196; migrations of, 202;
depredationsof, 203; successes of, 204 sq. ;
206 sq. , 210; tributary to Rome, 211; in.
troduction of Christianity among, 212;
war under Athanarich, 213 sq. ; seek help
from Rome, 215; campaign of Valens
against, 221; enter Roman territory,
232, 250, 393; at war with Rome (377),
233 sqq. , 250; defeat Valens at Hadria.
nople, 140, 216, 235, 251; defeated by
Gratian and Theodosius, 235 sqq. ; make
treaty with Rome, 237, 254; colonise
Thrace, 237 sqq. ; enlist under Theodosius,
242, 248; at the battle on the Frigidus,
247, 259; devastate eastern provinces,
252; 256; invade Thrace, 257; defeated
on the Maritza, 258; campaign in Thes.
saly, 260 sqq. , 457 sq. ; massacred in
Constantinople, 263, 460; invade Italy,
264 sqq. , 399, 469 ; occupy Rome, 272;
sack Rome, 273; in Gaul, 274 sqq. ; add
## p. 723 (#753) ############################################
Index
723
to their territory, 284; relations with
Romans, 285; defeated by the Franks,
286; territory and rule in Gaul, described,
287 ; customs of, 288 sqq. ; dress and
language of, 291 sq. ; Roman literature
among, 292; form body-guard of Amala.
frida, 313; Gothic guard slain, 314;
settled among Vandals in Africa, 316;
364, 395, 401 sq. ; driven from Gaul by
Constantius, 403; allowed to settle in
South Gaul, 404, 413; significance of
Constantius' treatment of, 405 ; 407; de-
feated by Aëtius, 410, 418; make peace,
411; 414 ; and the Huns, 416 sq. ; and
Theodoric the Great, 437 sqq. ; in the
Senate, 443; taxed, 446; land awarded
to, 447; 448; 452; Arianism of, 453;
oppose Amalasuntha, 454 ; 459 sq. ; at-
tack Huns, 470; and Leo I, 471; and
Zeno, 472 sq. ; end of Thracian Goths as
separate tribe, 477; 478; finally leave the
East, 479; 483, 518, 538. See also
Ostrogoths, Visigoths
Gran, River, 197
Gratia Justa Honoria. See Honoria
Gratian, Emperor, refuses office of Pontifex
Maximus, 114, 231; becomes emperor,
140, 228, 230; in Gaul, 210; sends help
to Valens, 216, 233 sq. , 250; consul,
222; co-emperor, 223; 229; rules for
Valentinian II, 231; successful campaign,
234, 252; makes Theodosius co-emperor,
235, 253 ; early popularity, 237; loss of
popularity and death, 115; 238, 255;
burial in Italy refused, 240; 251, 254,
260; coloni under, 559; 565 ; 570
Gratian, father of Valentinian 1, career of,
218
Gratian, proclaimed emperor in Britain,
267 note, 380
Grazers, Syrian monks who fed on grass, 527
Greece (Hellas), under Licinius, 3; 16;
Julianin, 64; decay of religions of, 87 sqq. ;
100 sq. , 103, 107 sqq. , 113; 118; Iron Age
in, 184; Heruli in, 205; 206 ; campaign
of Alario in, 261 sqq. , 404, 457 sq. ; at-
tacked by Vandals, 310 sq. ; Roumanians
in, 356 ; 477; 544 ; need of imports in,
548; art of, 598
Greek civilisation, forms the strength of
the later Empire, 18 sq.
Greeks, early Teutons known to the, 183;
in Thessalonica, 257; attacked by Goths,
261 ; 353, 357
Gregory I, St, the Great, Bishop of Rome,
1, 176; and the English slaves, 390 ;
sends Augustine to Britain, 391 ; and
the Benedictines, 541
Gregory of 'Cappadocia, Bishop of Alex-
andria, installed on expulsion of Atha-
nasius, 128
Gregory “the Illuminator," Bishop of
Armenia, 13
Gregory of Nazianzus, Bishop of Constanti.
nople, at Athens with Julian, 101, 116 ;
undertakes mission to Arians of Con.
stantinople, 140; made bishop of Con.
stantinople, 141; cited, 166, 610; his
letters to Basil, 528; describes life of
Basilian monks, 529; education, 570;
Platonism of, 578; teaching of, 587
Gregory, Bishop of Nyssa, expelled, 139;
education, 570; Platonism of, 578;
teaching of, 585, 587, 589 sq. ; Oratio
catechetica of, 589
Gregory, Bishop of Tours, History of, 115 ;
cited, 293, 295, 297 sq. , 418, 425, 535
Greotingi, 185
Greutingi (Greutungi), 185, 203 and note;
under Ermanarich, 214; defeated by
Romans, 216 ; cross the Danube, 232;
defeated by Promotus, 242 sq.
Grimoald, Duke of Beneventum, grants land
to Bulgars, 358
Grisons, the, 452
Grudii, Teutonic tribe, 188
Grumbates, King of the Chionitae, 72
Gubbio, Bishop of. See Decentius
Gubbio, Jerome on bishop of, 167
Gudila, Gothic representative of Theodoric
at Roman Synod, 450
Gumoarius, supports Procopius, 220; de-
serts to Valens, 221
Gunderic, King of the Vandals, death of,
305 ; 317
Gundobad, nephew of Ricimer, 396; slays
Anthemius, 428 ; succeeds Ricimer, ib. ,
433; makes Glycerius emperor, ib.
Gundomad, a prince of the Alemanni, 65;
murdered, 68; 209
Gunterich, Gothic leader, 203
Gunthamund, King of the Vandals, better
treatment of the orthodox Church by,
312, 321; drives back the Moors, 313 ;
death, ib. ; 318
Guntiarius, King of the Burgundians, 275
Gutones, 202 note
Gwynedd, 388
Hadrian I, Bishop of Rome, sends copy of
Canon Law to Charles the Great, 182
Hadrian (P. Aelius Hadrianus), Emperor, 11,
26, 33, 36, 48; Aelia Capitolina founded
by, 174 ; builds wall from Tyne to Solway,
368 ; and the Civil Service of the Empire,
554; and squatters, 560
Hadrianople, Maximin defeated at, 6;
Licinius flees to, 7; battle of, 7, 17;
diocese not represented at Council of
Constantinople, 141; 233 sq. ; battle of
(378), 62, 140, 216, 234 sq. , 237, 248,
250 sq. , 253 ; siege of, 235, 251; Pom.
peius defeated at, 483
Haemus. See Balkan Mts
Hallstatt period of civilisation, 184
Halmyris, occupied by Goths, 255
Hamaland, Chamavi settled in, 295
Hamilcar, 409
Hammurabi, King of Babylon, irrigation
works of, 326
46-2
## p. 724 (#754) ############################################
724
Index
196 sq.
pagan, 110
Hampshire, Roman villas in, 375; Jutes captured by Goths, 472; put to death,
settled on coast of, 382, 389
473
Hannibal, 409
Heraclius, favourite of Valentinian III,
Hanniballianus, nephew of Constantine, plots the death of Aëtius, 418; murdered,
given a kingdom, 22, 55 ; murder of, 55; 419
56
Hercules, worship of, 114; Basilica of,
Harmonius, slain by Arbogast, 245
448
Harpole, Roman pavement at, 613
Hercynian Forest (Hercynia Sylva), 185 note,
Harram, Areobindus at, 482
Harudi, Teutonic tribe, invade the country Herefordshire (Magasaete), 390
of the Sequani, 189, 194
Hermanfred, King of the Thuringians,
Harz Mts, 187 sq.
marries sister of Theodoric, 451
Hasta, Alaric at, 265
Hermanric, son of Aspar, escapes from
Havel, River, 198
Constantinople, 471 ; in command of
Hebdomon, the, a suburb of Constantinople, Rugian force, 478; marriage to grand-
219
daughter of Zeno, ib.
Hebrus. See Maritza River
Hermas, Visions of, 163; Shepherd of,
Hecate, worship of, 93, 100; worship re- 164
vived by Julian, 107 ; 114
Hermeric, King of the Sueves, in Spain,
Hecebolius, tutor of Julian, 99; becomes a 305
Hermes, worshipped by Julian, 102; 103;
Hegesippus, historian, 164
601
Helena (Hélesmes-Nord), Clodion defeated Herminones, primitive German tribe, 292,
at, 297
294
Helena, Flavia Julia, mother of Constantine Hermotinus, of Lucian, 105
the Great, 2, 8, 15; discovery of the True Hermunduri, location of the, 196 sqq. ;
Cross by, 175; sarcophagus of, 602
invade Roman territory, 199; 200
Helena, sister of Constantius II, marries Herodias, Chrysostom reported to have
Julian, 65, 101
compared Eudoxia to, 461, 493
Helena, daughter of Licinius, 15
Herodotus, cited, 341
Helene (Elne), fortress of, 59
Heruli (Aeruli), among auxiliary troops of
Hélesmes-Nord. See Helena
Rome, 72, 420; in Black Sea region,
Heliodorus, Bishop of Tricca in Thessaly, 203 sqq. , 361 ; driven out of Gaul, 207;
Aethiopica attributed to, 569
at war with Goths, 214; troops sent to
Heliopolis, pagan worship in, 97
Britain, 223; ask help of Euric, 284;
Helios, revered by Julian, 106
315; settle in Hungary, 420; lead revolt,
Hellas, gods of, 80, 107, 113
ib. ; in Italy, 430; defeated by Lombards,
Hellas. See Greece
483
Hellebicus, envoy of Theodosius to Antioch, Herzegovina, Roumanians in, 356
241
Hesiod, works of, studied by Basilina and
Hellespont (province), products of, 548
Julian, 63, 98, 100, 108; 103
Hellespont, the. See Dardanelles
Hessians, derived from the Chatti, 300
Helpidius, Rusticus, Theodoric's physician, Hesychius, Bishop of Salona, 151
his poem, the Blessings of Christ, 449 Hiberia, Persia interferes in, 225; Valens
Helveti, Keltic tribes driven out by Suebi, interposes in, 226
189, 194; 190 ; join the Teutons, 192; Hierapolis, Constantius at, 76; Valens at,
protected by the Romans, 195
226, 231
Hengest, reputed leader of Jutish invasion, Hierapolis, Bishop of. See Abercius
380, 382 sqq.
Hierotheus, supposed disciple of St Paul,
Henoticon, the, controversy concerning, works of, 578
478, 489, 514, 517 sq. ; its form and High Cross (Venonae), Roman road through,
object, 516 sq.
376
Heraclas, Bishop of Alexandria, 160 sq. Hilarianus, magister officiorum, sent as
Heraclea in Thrace, Basiliscus lives at, 473; envoy to Theodemir, 471
burnt by Theodoric, 475; precedence of Hilarion, introduces monasticism into
see of, 493
Palestine, 526
Heraclea on the gulf of Tarentum, dis- Hilarius, Bishop of Rome, 155, 158
coveries on site of, 561
Hilary, Bishop of Poitiers, exiled, 131;
Heraclian, general of Honorius, commands de Synodis of, 133; 134 sq. ; ordains
in Africa, 272 sqq. ; revolt of, 401 sq. ; St Martin of Tours, 152; writings of,
death, 402; 403, 408
172, 578, 585, 590
Heraclius, Roman general, leads campaign Hilary, Roman deacon, protests at the
against the Vandals in Africa, 311, 426; Robber Council, 505
sent to help Gobazes, 469
Hilderic, King of the Vandals, 312; ac-
Heraclius, magister militum of Thrace, cession, 313; deposition, 314 ; character
## p. 725 (#755) ############################################
Index
725
534 sq.
of reign, 313 sqq. ; 318; and the Catholic
Church, 321
Hileia (Ellia), 57
Himerius, Bishop of Tarragona, 151, 153,
182
Hindustan, compared in climate with
Trans-Caspia, 324
Hippo Regius (Bona), Council of, 151, 182;
besieged by Vandals, 306, 410; under
Vandal rule, 307; monastic form intro-
duced by Augustine at, 532; 553; Orosius
at, 576
Hippo, Bishops of. See Augustine, Valerius
Hippocrates, cited, 325, 354
Historia adversus paganos of Paulus Oro-
sius, 115
Historia Brittonum, of Nennius, cited,
382 sq. , 391
Historia Monachorum, description of Cellia
in, 522
Historia Religiosa, of Theodoret, 526
Holland, Kelts in, 186 sq.
Homer, works of, studied by Basilina and
Julian, 63, 98, 100, 108; 103, 573
Honoratus, holds military command ander
Theodoric, 442
Honoratus, and the monastery of Lerins,
Honoria (Gratia Justa Honoria), sister of
Valentinian III, influence of, 398;
alleged proposal of marriage to Attila,
364, 415, 417, 421, 424; birth, 404; 406;
banished, 415
Honorians, troops of barbarians in the
Roman service, 267
Honorius, Flavius, Emperor of the West,
opposed by Attalus, 115; early visit to
Rome, 244; made Augustus, 246 ; sum-
moned to his father's death-bed, 247;
receives the Western Empire, 260, 456 ;
marries, 264 ; triumph of, 265 ; 267; at
Bologna, 268; Stilicho and, 269; punishes
Stilicho's family, 270; refuses Alaric's
terms, 271 recognises Constantine as
emperor, ib. ; besieged by Goths, 273;
makes war on Constantine, 274, 401;
puts Constantine to death, 275, 401;
276 ; temporises with Ataulf, 277, 400;
makes a treaty with the barbarians in
Spain, 304 sq. ; repairs British forts,
379; 394; and Placidia, 398; death,
399, 406 sq. , 465; question of succession
to, 402 sq. ; policy of, towards barbarians,
405 ; weakness of character, 406; recruits
army from the Huns, 407, 408, 412, 419,
432, 442 sq. , 459, 461; and the Chrysos-
tom controversy, 494 ; trade guilds under,
551; 564, 594
Horburg near Colmar (Argentaria), Ale-
manni defeated at, 210, 234
Horkstow, Roman pavement at, 613
Hormisdas, Bishop of Rome, fails to come
to terms with Anastasius, 518; makes
peace with Justin, ib.
Horrea Margi, battle of, 483
Horsa, reputed leader of Jutish invasion,
380, 382
Hortarius, King of the Alemanni, 70
Horus, character in the Saturnalia, 572
Hosius (Osius), Bishop of Cordova, at
Council of Nicaea, 14, 120; at Council
of Sardica, 129 sq. , 149, 179 sq. ; 131;
180
Hosius, cook, promoted by Eutropius,
457
Hubel. See Frigidus
Hucumbra, 84
Hugr, leader of Taghlibi, 481
Humber, River, 367 sq. , 390
Huneric, son of Gaiseric, proposals for
marriage of, 307 sq. ; repudiates first
wife, 307, 415; marries Eudoxia, 310,
424, 468; reign of, 312; persecutes the
Catholics, ib. , 321; 313; Moors under,
316; 318
Hungary, early inhabitants of, 188, 197 ;
Huns march from, 280, 364; customs of
Vandals in, 318, 321; Asdingian Vandals
in, 320; Cumans flee to, 328; nomad
hordes in, 352, 356 sqq. ; Priscus in,
415; Sciri and Heruli in, 420; 452
Hungeld, paid by Eastern Empire, 414
Huns, the, invasion of Europe by, 140,
215 sq. , 231 sqq. , 250, 254, 349, 357;
raids of, 239 sq. , 253 sq. , 257, 306, 456 ;
enlist under Theodosius, 242; invade
Syria, 261, 456; enlist under Honorius,
272; increase in power under Attila,
279; invade Gaul, 280 sq. , 399; 315 ;
food of, 340; method of warfare, 347,
350; Ch. x (B) passim; early history
of, 360; serve in Roman army, 361
capture Danube forts, 362 sq. ; domestic
life, 365 sq. ; 392 sq. ; and Aëtius, 394 ;
395; results of invasion of Europe by,
398 ; in Italy, 399; 406 ; under Aëtius
support John, 407 sq. ; maintain Aëtius
in power, 411; bribed by Gaiseric, 413;
levy blackmail on Eastern Empire, 414;
turn against Gaul, ib. ; in the West,
415 sq. ; defeated on Mauriac plain, 280,
416; ravage North Italy, 417; fall back
from Rome, ib. ; 419 ; defeated by Ger.
mans, 420; Romulus ambassador to, 429;
Eutropius and, 457; ravage Thrace, 458,
464, 467; driven beyond the Danube, 462;
465; invade Illyricum, 466 sq. ; end of
empire of, 468; attack Goths, 470; attack
Persia, 482 sq. ; as slaves, 548
Hwicce, kingdom of, 389 sq.
Hy. See Iona
Hydatius, cited, 403, 409
Hypatia, 116; murder of, 463, 494, 513
Hypatius, nephew of Anastasius, commands
in Persian War, 482; fails to quell re-
bellion of Vitalianus, 485 sq. ; captured,
486; released, ib. ; sent on embassy to
Persia, ib.
Hypatius, general, fails to suppress revolt
of Vitalianus, 485
## p. 726 (#756) ############################################
726
Index
Iamblichus, philosopher, 89, 94, 105
Iazyges, driven back across the Danube,
199; 207
Ibas, Bishop of Edessa, and the Nestorian
controversy, 498; deprived by Robber
Council, 505; at Council of Chalcedon,
507; reinstated, 510, 512; 513; and the
school of Edessa, 514, 518; death, 514,
619; 515
Ibbas, general of Theodoric, victorious near
Arles, 452
Iberians, and the Roman Empire, 544;
Latin language modified by, 545
Ibn Rusta, cited, 348
Iceland, mythology of, 386
Iceni, British tribe, 373
Ida, Mt, 16
Ida, King of Bernicia, 391
Ignatius, St, letters of, cited, 145 sqq. , 156,
158; 164
Ildico (Kriemhild), bride of Attila, 365
Ili, River, 323
Ilium, sacked by barbarians, 204
Illus, revolt of, against the Emperor Zeno,
113, 436, 478; subdued, 438, 479; joins
Basiliscus against Zeno, 473; joins Zeno,
ib. ; put in command of troops, 474 ;
attempts made to assassinate, 475; made
magister officiorum, 476; and Verina, ib. ;
made magister militum per Orientem,
477 ; beheaded, 479; death of daughter
of, ib.
Illyria, church of, 182; Stilicho and, 260 sq. ;
Alaric in, 262; Alaric and Stilicho pro-
pose to conquer (Eastern), 265 sqq. ;
attacked by Vandals, 310; ravaged by
Huns, 414; Ostrogoths in, 438; 497;
bishops of, at Council of Chalcedon,
508
Illyrians, and the Roman Empire, 544
Illyricum, under Licinius, 3, 6; ceded to
Constantine, 7; 13, 16, 31 ; awarded to
Constans, 56 ; 59, 61, 75; Januarius at,
218; embassy of Procopius to, foiled,
220; success of Farnobius at, 233; 236;
devastated by Goths, 252; under Theo.
dosius, 253; 393; 412 sq. ; 457; Alaric
magister militum in, 458, 460; taxes
lessened in, 462; Hung in, 466 sqq. ;
raided by Ostrogoths, 469; 474; Bul.
garian raids in, 483
Imbomon, site of the Ascension, 610
Inachus, and the chronology of Eusebius,
583
Indacus, Isaurian robber, removed by Zeno,
470; confederate with Illus, 478; treachery
of, 479
India, Nestorian missionaries in, 519
Indo-Europeans, 353 sq.
Indo-Germanic race, first home of the, 183
Indus, River, 328
Ingaevones, primitive German tribe, 292,
294
Innocent I, Bishop of Rome, cited, 157,
159, 170 sq. , 179, decretal letters of, 182;
joins an embassy to Honorius, 271; and
the Chrysostom controversy, 493 sq.
in Trullo, Quinisextine Council, 181
Iona (Hy), island, monastery of St Columba
in, 533
Ionia, 16
Ionian Sea, nomads find winter quarters
by, 358; Vandals in, 467
Iran, 349, 354
Iranians, the, 330, 354; origin of, 355
Ireland, trading connection with Gaul, 377;
381; monachism in, 533 sqq. , 541
Irenaeus, St, Bishop of Lyons, cited, 167, 172
Irenaeus, Bisbop of Tyre, and Theodoret,
504
Irish Channel, British ports on, visited by
traders from Gaul, 377
Isaac, Roman ex-Jew, identified with Am.
brosiaster, 9. 0.
Isaac of Antioch, protests against abuses of
monachism, 530
Isala River. See Yssel
Isauria, Zeno flees to, 473; Epinicus sent
to, 475; Linges in, 478; revolt in,
479 sq. ; home of Nestorius, 495
Isaurians, the, raids of, 63; and the Eastern
Emperors, 396; recruited by Leo I, 427;
raids of, 461 sq. , 467; defend Constanti.
nople, 467; aid Leo I, 470; Ardaburius
and, 471; unpopularity of, 470 sqq. ;
massacre of, 473; 474; and Illus, 475 sqq. ;
expelled from Constantinople, 479; revolt
of, 480; settled in Thrace, ib.
Isca Dumnoniorum. See Exeter
Isca Silurum. See Caerleon on Usk
Ishim, River, 324
Isidore, Bishop of Seville, his rules for
monks, 533
Isidorian canons, cited, 174, 180; transla-
tion of, 179
Isis, worship of, 9, 569; ceremony of initia-
tion to, 90 sqq. ; 94 sq.
; devotion of Julian
to, 107, 496 ; 112, 114
Islam, 123 sq.
Isocasius, Cilician philosopher, made quaes-
tor, 472; trial of, ib.
Isocrates, 103
Isokasios, quaestor of Antioch, 113
Isonza, River, 259; Odovacar defeated on,
439
Israel. See Jews
Issus, 17
Istaevones, primitive German tribe, 292,
294
Istria, Roumanians in, 356 sq.
Istrus, plundered by Goths, 203
Isurium Brigantum. See Aldborough
Italians, the, under barbarian kings,
439 sqq. ; government unchanged under
Theodoric, 441; and gladiatorial games,
448
Italy, under Maxentius, 3, 40; 6; 13,
16 sqq. , 25 sq. , 30 sqq. ; under Diocletian,
42 sqq. ; 49 sq. ; awarded to Constans,
56; 58 sq. , 61, 76; slow decay of
## p. 727 (#757) ############################################
Index
727
522;
paganism in, 115; 171 sq. ; 182 ; Iron
Age in, 184 ; 190, 192; Germanic tribes
advance upon, 193, 198, 201 ; barbarian
colonists in, 224, 233; secured from
Maximus, 239; army of Gaul invades,
242; Maximus supreme in, 243, 379;
245; Eugenius acknowledged in, 246,
259; Stilicho in, 260 sqq. ; Gothic in-
vasion of, under Alaric, 264 sq. , 270
899. , 392, 460 sq. ; 267 sq. ; Ostro-
goths settle in, 276, 313; 277; Avitus
recognised as emperor in, 281; Odo-
vacar supreme in, 284, 393; Langobards
in, 287, 358; Alemanni in, 299; Silingian
king carried captive to, 304; 305; obtains
corn from Sardinia and Sicily, 306; the
Vandals in, 308; famine in, 416, 309;
310; Magyars reach, 356; Huns in,
364 sq. , 399 sq. ; sends colonists to
Britain, 371 ; 374; 394, 396, 401; at-
tacked by Heraclian, 402; 403; under
Honorius, 405 sq. ; 408; defenceless
condition of, 412; 413, 415; invaded by
Huns, 417; policy of Aëtius successful
in, 419; barbarian kingdom established
in, 420, 428; Gaiseric attacks, 422 sqq. ,
468; Anthemius in, 426 sq. ; under
Odovacar and Theodoric, Ch. xv passim ;
Odovacar king in, 431 sqq. ; alleged par-
tition of land in, 437, 446 sq. ; Theo-
doric in, 438 sqq. ; 479, 483 ; importance
of the Roman Senate in, 443; distribu-
tion of land by Theodoric, 447; resto-
ration of buildings in, 448; Theodoric
and the Church in, 449; 452; 454 sq. ;
Valentinian III reaches, 465; Widimir
in, 471 ; Eastern fleet raids coast, 484;
Arianism of Ostrogoths in, 488 ; pro-
posed council in, 506, 510, 518 ; spread
of monasticism in, 531 ; Benedictine rule
prevails in, 535 sqq. ; 543; wine of, 548;
land taxation in, 562; Christian art in,
Ch. XXI
monasteries founded by, 526;
trained at Aquileia, 531; translates Rule
of Pachomius, 535; 574; translates the
Canones of Eusebius, 583 ; doctrine of,
585; 596
Jerusalem, destruction of, 1; attempt to
restore temple at, 80 sq. ; creed of, 122,
177 ; meeting of bishops at, 128; 136 ;
rise in importance of see of, 174; Aelia
Capitolina built on site of, 174 sq. ;
Eudocia at, 466; Eudoxia dies at, 468 ;
plan of temple at, 608; Christian churches
at, 609
Jerusalem, Bishops of. See Cyril, John,
Juvenal
Jews, the, under law of Constantine, 11;
14; 19; rising among, 63; under Julian,
80; 95; 118; protected by Theodoric,
452 sq. ; persecuted at Ravenna, 453;
riots against, in Alexandria, 463, 489,
494 ; 583; catacombs of, 599; gilt glasses
used by, 606
Jezebel, Eudoxia said to have been com-
pared to, 461, 493
Joannes Antiochenus, cited, 398 and note
Johannes of Epidamnus, Roman general,
commands against the Vandals, 316
John, St, Apostle, and church of Ephesus,
174 ; 584
John the Baptist, St, 493
John, Bishop of Antioch, absent from first
Council of Ephesus, 175; supports Nes-
torius, 498 sq. ; arrives late at Council of
Ephesus, 500 sq. ; holds “Conciliabu-
lum,” 501 ; 502, 509
John Chrysostom, St. See Chrysostom
John, Bishop of Jerusalem, Jerome's com-
plaint against, 175
John “the Persian,” Bishop of Persia, at
the Council of Nicaea, 13
John, Bishop of Ravenna, and Theodoric,
439; arranges treaty with Odovacar,
440
John I, Bishop of Rome, and heresy, 453;
sent on embassy to Justin I, 454; death,
ib.
John Scholasticus, Bishop of Antioch, makes
digest of the Canon Law, 181
John, Count, favourite of Eudoxia, exiled,
263, 459; returns, 460
John the Hunchback, magister militum in
praesenti, defeats Isaurian rebels, 480
John the Scythian, opposes Theodoric, 477;
puts Trocundes to death, 478; quells
Isaurian revolt, 480
John, usurper, declared emperor, 407, 465 ;
defeated, ib. ; executed, 408
John the Vandal, magister militum of
Thrace, murdered, 467
Jordan, River, 23, 121
Jordanes (Jornandes), cited, 185, 203, 361,
398 sq. , 409, 415, 433 sq. , 438, 440
Jotaba, Island of, surrendered to Amru 'l
Kais, 472; recovered by Romans, 481
Jovian (Flavius Claudius Jovianus),
"
Jacob, Syrian hermit, 526
Jacobites, name given to Monophysite sect,
519
Jacobus Baradaeus, Monophysite bishop of
Edessa, reorganises Monophysite Church,
519
Jacobus, Bishop of Nisibis, defends the city,
59
James, St, and church of Jerusalem, 174; 602
James, heathen physician at court of Leo I,
472
Januarius, Roman general, 218
Jaxartes, River, type of nomads in the basin
of, 353
Jerome, St (Eusebius Hieronymus Sophro-
nius), 115 sq. ; ordination of, 152; cited,
154 sqq. , 160 sqq. , 167, 175, 524,531, 544,
546, 570 sq. , 594; ad Evangelum presby-
terum of, 155; and the Canon of Scripture,
173; at Bethlehem, 399; influence on
Theophilus, 490; his description of Nitria,
## p. 728 (#758) ############################################
728
Index
Emperor, 19; elected emperor by the
soldiers, 84 sq. , 136; makes disgraceful
peace with Persia, 85; dies, 86, 137, 209;
possible successors of, 218 sq. ; 225, 227,466
Jovians (Jovii), in Roman army, 220 ; sent
to Britain, 223
Jovinus, ambassador from Leptis, 227 ;
death of, 228
Jovinus, Gaulish noble, declared emperor at
Mainz, 275, 401, 403 ; joined by Ataulf,
277; put to death by Ataulf, 401; 402
Jovinus, officer of Julian, 75; besieges
Aquileia, 76; defeats the Alemanni, 209,
222 ; sent to Britain, 223 ; succeeded by
Theodosius, 224
Jovius, officer of Julian, 75
Jovius, chosen praetorian praefect of Illyria,
267; confers with Alaric, 271 ; vows per-
petual war on Alaric, 272, 273
Julian (Flavius Claudius Julianus), “the
Apostate,” Emperor, 6, 21 sq. ; Ch. III
passim; 55 sq. ; boyhood of, 63, 98 sq. ;
influence of Greek philosophy on, 64,
99 sqq. ; becomes a pagan, ib. , 570; made
Caesar, 65, 131; leads campaign in Gaul,
66 sqq. , 209; administers Gaul, 70 sq. ;
is proclaimed Augustus, 73, 102; advances
against Constantius, 74 ; his aims, 77 ;
causes of his apostasy, 78; his reforms,
79; his treatment of religions, 80, 104 sqq. ,
126; his Persian campaign, 82 sqq. ; death
of, 84 sq. , 112; funeral of, 86; 87, 95 ;
as Pontifex Maximus, 107 sqq. , 116 ; 125 ;
132, 134 sqq. , 169, 218 sqq. , 237; defeats
the Salian Franks, 296; defeats the Ri.
puarian Franks, 299; his treatise in
honour of Cybele, 496; attempts to regu.
late trade, 550; and Neoplatonism, 568 ;
575; and the stage, 593; and Christian
hospitals, 595
Julian, city. praefect of Constantinople, de-
posed, 479
Julian, magister militum of Thrace, killed,
480
Juliana, grand-daughter of Valentinian III,
offered in marriage to Theodoric, 475;
wife of Areobindus, 485
Julianus, comes patrimonii under Theodoric,
442
Julia Traducta. See Tarifa
Juliers, a principal city of the Ripuarian
Franks, 300
Julius I, Bishop of Rome, tries case of
Athanasius and Marcellus, 128 sqq. ; 159
Julius Constantius, half-brother of Con.
stantine the Great, 22; death of, 63
Julius, Roman general, commands in Thrace,
220 ; massacres the Goths in Asia, 252
Junius Bassus, praefect of Rome, sculptures
on sarcophagus of, 602, 604
Juno, Julian revives worship of, 107
Jupiter, 95 ; Julian revives worship of, 107;
Flavianus erects statues of, 247 ; 575
Jupiter Capitolinus, temple of, at Rome,
destroyed by the Vandals, 308, 421
Jura Mts, crossed by Constantius, 65;
Teutons reach the, 194; 534
Justasa, robber, made emperor by Samari.
tans, 474 ; defeated and killed, ib.
Justin I, Eastern Emperor, accession of,
313; 314; proscribes Arianism, 453 sq. ,
485; makes peace with see of Rome, 518
Justin Martyr, letter of Ignatius to, 146;
Apology of, cited, 149, 161
Justina, Aviana, wife of Valentinian I,
Arianism of, 142; 231 ; influences policy
of Valentinian II, 239, 242; death, 243
Justinian, Eastern Emperor, Code of, 1,
556 ; crushes paganism, 113 sq. ; and the
Vandal kingdom, 314 sq. , 318; and the
Ostrogothic kingdom, 432; 440; Authen-
ticus of, cited, 444 ; novel of, cited, 445 ;
Amalasuntha appeals to, 455; 484, 502;
rebuilds Christian churches, 610
Justinian, general of Constantine the usur-
per, defeated by Sarus, 267
Jutes, the, early settlements of, 382, 384 ;
385, 389, 393
Juthungi, tribe of the Alemanni, 200; make
raid on Rhaetia, 241, 410
Jutland, Teutons early settled in, 183 ; 194,
384, 386
Juvenal (Decimus Junius Juvenalis), 575
Juvenal, Bishop of Jerusalem, at Council of
Ephesus, 175; receives reports of decision
of synod at Rome, 499; assessor at the La-
trocinium, 505; at Council of Chalcedon,
508 sq. ; deprived, 509; pardoned, ib. ;
driven from see, 512; reinstated, ib.
Juvencus, presbyter, makes a metric version
of the Gospel, 570
Kalmucks, class distinctions among the,
335; food of, 340; education, 342; re-
ligion, 344 sqq.
Kalonymus, commands Roman fleet against
Vandals, 315
Kara-Kalpaks, customs of, 339
Kara-Kirghiz people, system of government
of, 334 ; food of, 340
Kawad, King of Persia, at war with Rome,
481 sqq. ; makes terms, 483
Kazak Kirghiz, class distinctions among,
335; customs, 339; dress, 341
Kelts (Celtae), the, troops summoned from
Gaul, 72 sq. ; early home of, 184 ; influ.
ence the Teutons, 185; expansion of,
186 sq. ; 189; expelled from South Ger-
many, 190; 191 ; rising of, 267; in
Britain, 368, 370, 373, 546; 544; and the
Latin language, 545
Kenchester (Magna) in Herefordshire,
possibly site of Romano-British town, 373
Kent, Caesar in, 368; Roman villas in,
375; Roman road through, 376; Jutes
in, 382; kingdom of, 389
Kessima, G. , cited, 189 note
Khin-gan Mts, 323
Khiva, slave-markets of, 348; corrupt ad.
ministration of, 352
## p. 729 (#759) ############################################
Index
729
Khokand, 348
Khorasan, Turks flee from, 328; devastated
by Chinghiz Khan, 350
Kinzig Valley, 209 note
Kirghiz, the, wealth of, 331; clan-feeling
among, 334; wanderings of, 335; customs
of, 337 sqq. ; 348; character, 352
Kniwa, King of the Goths, attacks the
Romans, 203 sq.
Koré, worship of, 93
Körös, River, 365
Kriemhild. See Ildico
.
Labarum, the Byzantine, origin of, 4 sq. ;
abolished by Julian, 104
Laconia, the barbarians in, 205
Lacringi, Vandalic tribe, 195, 198; invade
Roman provinces, 199
Lactantius, cited, 4, 51, 549
Laeti, the, 67
Lahn, River, 186 note
Laibach. See Aemona
Lambro, River, 434
Lampadius, praefect of Rome, 272
Lampridius, poet and rhetorician, cited, 158,
551; at Bordeaux, 292
Lampsacus, Tribigild at, 459
Lancashire, Roman forts in, 369
Lanciones, repulsed by Romans, 208
Langobards. See Lombards
Laodicea Combusta, Bishop of. See Eu-
genius
Laodicea in Phrygia, trade of, 548 sq. ; code
of the Council of, 179 sq. ; 242
Laodicea in Syria, linen trade of, 548 sq.
Laodicea, Bishop of. See Apollinarius
Larissa, Alaric encounters Stilicho near,
260 ; sacked by Theodoric, 477
Lascaris, house of, 19
La Tène civilisation, 187 and note
Lateran. See Church of St John Lateran
Latona, Julian revives worship of, 107
Latopolis (Esneh), monasteries near, 524
Laurentius, Bishop of Milan, and Theodoric,
439, 446
Laurentius, anti-pope, disputed election of,
449; made bishop of Nuceria, ib. ; 450
Lauretum, part of palace at Ravenna,
Odovacar murdered in, 440
Lauriacum, Gratian at, 234, 253
Lausiac History of Palladius, cited, 526,
528
Lawrence, St, church at Rome named after,
159
Lazica (Colchis), 225 sq. , 469
Leander, Bishop of Seville, his Rules for
monks, 533
Leges Barbarorum, 392
Leicester (Ratae), Romano-British town, 373;
Roman road through, 376
Leine, River, 186 and note
Lemnos, 205
Lemovi (Lemovii), early settlements of,
185, 198
Lenborough, 390
Lentienses, tribe of the Alemanni, 200; 209;
defeated at Argentaria, 210, 233 sq. , 252 ;
237, 253
Leo I, Emperor of the East, coins of, found
in Childeric's tomb, 299; sends embassies
to Gaiseric, 310; makes peace with Gai.
seric, 311; death, ib. ; and Aspar, 395,
469 sqq. ; promotes Ricimer and Majorian,
423; and Marcellinus, 424; recognised in
the West, 425; appoints Anthemius em.
peror, 426, 470; preserves Eastern Em-
pire, 427; 428 ; appoints Nepos emperor,
429, 433, 474; and Theodoric, 437; 443;
and Cyrus, 466; accession, 468; and
Gobazes, 469; and the Goths, 471; 475,
479, 515
Leo II, Emperor of the East, accession, 472;
death, 472 sq. ; 515
Leo I, the Great, Bishop of Rome, 155 ;
sermons of, 162; 170; Tome of, 173;
505 sq. , 509, 516 sq. ; and the Nicene
canons, 179; 182 ; and Gaiseric, 308, 396,
421 ; his embassy to Attila, 365, 396 sq. ,
417; power and influence of, 396; and
the Monophysite controversy, 503 sq. ; and
the Latrocinium, 505; and the Eastern
court, 506 ; summons synod at Rome, ib. ;
work of delegates at Council of Chalcedon,
508 sqq. ; and decisions of the Council,
511; supports Juvenal, 512; and the riots
in Alexandria, 513 ; confirms appointment
of bishop of Antioch, 514; 517
Leo of Narbonne, first minister of Euric
and of Alaric II, 290; literary talent of,
292
Leo, wool-comber, promoted by Eutropius,
457; sent against Tribigild, 458; defeated
and slain, ib.
Leonas, envoy of Constantius, 74
Leontia, daughter of Leo I, marries Patricius,
470; marries Marcian, 471; imprisoned,
476
Leontius, Athenian sophist, 463
Leontius, general, supports Illus, 113, 438,
477; is crowned by Verina, 478; beheaded,
479
Leporius of Marseilles, monk, condemned
by Council of Carthage, 498
Leptis, sufferings of the citizens of, 227 sq.
Lerins, St Patrick at, 533; the monastery
of, 534
Lerna, pagan worship at, 93
Lesbos. See Mitylene
Lesghians, defeated by Mongols, 350
Letocetum. See Lichfield
Letter of Constantine to the Provincials on
Christianity, 11
Letts, early settlements of, 184
Leucippe and Cleitophon, fifth century novel,
398
Levites, the, bishops compared with, 157
Lex Francorum Chamavorum, 295
Lex Hadriana de rudibus agris, 560
Lex Julia, and trade guilds, 551
Lex Romana Visigothorum, or Breviarium
## p. 730 (#760) ############################################
730
Index
of Italy by, 364, 432, 455; defeat Heruli,
483 ; sack Monte Cassino, 541
Lombardy, held by Theodoric, 439
London, 43, 175; Theodosius at, 223 ;
Roman roads radiating from, 376; Roman
relics found at, 612, 614 note
London, Bishop of, at Council of Arles, 12
Longinianus, praetorian praefect, slain in
the mutiny at Pavia, 269
Longinus, brother of Zeno, captured, 473;
retained as hostage, 475, 477 ; escapes,
478; magister militum, 479; forced to
take orders, 479 sq. ; exiled, 480; dies, ib. ;
poverty of family of, ib.
Longinus of Cardala, Isaurian, magister
officiorum, 478; joins insurgents, 480 ;
beheaded, ib.
Longinus of Selinus, helps Isaurian rebels,
480 ; beheaded, ib.
Lopodunum, 224
Lot, Bible story of, 336
Louvre, Museum of the, specimen of pictured
linen at, 608
Low Countries. See Netherlands
Lucania, 30
Lucentius, Bishop, legate of Pope Leo at
Council of Chalcedon, 508
Lucian, satirist, 89 sq.
Lucian, Count of the East, put to death, 456
Lucian of Antioch, 119; bishops influenced
by, 126; teacher of Arius, 129; school of,
155
Lucifer, Bishop of Calaris, exiled, 131 ;
consecrates Paulinus of Antioch, 136 sq.
Lucillianus, Count, general of Constantius,
59 sq. ; surprised by Julian, 75; com.
mands fleet on Euphrates, 82
Lucretius, Titus Carus, 582
Lucullanum, villa in the Campania, assigned
to Romulus Augustulus, 434
Lucullus, L. Licinius, villa of, 434
Lugdunensis Tertia, Gothic rule in, 287
Lugdunum. See Lyons
Lugi (Lugii), 196, 198
Lupercalia, the, changed to Christian festi.
val, 117
Lupicinus, magister armorum, oppresses the
Goths, 215 sq. ; commands in Britain,
73, 378; 232 sq. ; defeated at Marcianople,
216; comes to the help of Valens, 221
Lusitania (Portugal), barbarians in, 274;
Alani receive land in, 275, 304, 358;
Goths hold, 287; invaded by Sueves, 305;
recovered for Rome by Wallia, 404 ; 413
Lychnidus, Theodoric repulsed from, 475
Lycopolis (Asyut), 522
Lyons (Lugdunum), 43; Magnentius kills
himself at, 61 sq. ; church of, 164; 175;
Gratian killed at, 238, 255; Marcian at,
423
Lyons, Bishop of. See Irenaeus
Lysias, 103
Alaricianum published, 286; distribution
of copies of, 290
Libanius, rhetorician, cited, 57; influences
Julian, 64, 99 ; 81, 89, 104; Chrysostom
& pupil of, 116, 491, 570; and the citizens
of Antioch, 241; his description of legal
proceedings, 563; and the stage, 593; 594
Liber Historiae, cited, 295, 298
Liberius, Bishop of Rome, exiled by Con.
stantius, 131; 147; 153; 159
Liberius, officer under Odovacar, promoted
by Theodoric, 443, 446; and the distribu.
tion of land, 447
Liber Pontificalis, cited, 158, 417
Libya, Arian bishops of, 121; 171; raids of
barbarians in, 458, 467, 483; the Henoti.
con sent to, 516
Libyans, 502
Lichfield, 376
Licinianus, son of Licinius, 7
Licinius (P. Flavius Galerius Valerius Li.
cinianus), Emperor, 3; tolerant towards
Christians, 4 899. ; marriage of, 5; defeats
Maximin, 6; struggles with Constantine,
7 sq. ; is executed, 8; 9, 12, 15, 17, 211
Licinius (the younger), executed, 15
Liguria, 239, 273; Huns in, 417; Odovacar
supported by barbarians of, 434; Burgun.
dians in, 439, 445; inhabitants restored,
445; taxes partially remitted in, 446;
land awarded to Goths in, 447
Lilybaeum, held by Vandals, 311, 313
Limigantes, the, 20; treacherously attack
Constantine and are massacred, 71
Lincoln (Lindum), colonia at, 371,
Roman roads at, 376
Lincolnshire, Roman villas in, 375
Lindisfarne, Theodrio besieged in, 391
Lindsey (district of), 389; absorbed in
Mercia, 390
Lindum colonia. See Lincoln
Linges, bastard brother of Illus, commands
in Isauria, 478
Linginines, Count of Isauria, joins insur.
gents, 480; killed, ib.
Linzgau, country of the Lentienses, 252
Lippe, River, Keltic name, 186 note; Arbo-
gast by, 259; 361
Liscia, Maximus defeated at, 256
Lithuanians, early settlements of the, 184
Litorius, lieutenant of Aëtius, paganism
of, 395, 418; raises siege of Narbonne,
411
Littlecote Park, Ramsbury, Orpheus pave-
ment at, 614
Lodi, Odovacar in the plains of, 434
Logadius, prince of the Theodosian house,
opposes Constantine the usurper, 267
Loire, River, limit of Gothic territory, 281,
283; Clovis crosses, 286; Salian Franks
fight the Romans along, 298; Saxons
seize islands in, 299; 411 sq.
Lombards (Langobards), the, subjugated by
the Marcomanni, 196 ; location of, 198;
treatment of subject race by, 287; invasion
373;
Mabillon, Jean, on Spanish monachism,
533
## p. 731 (#761) ############################################
Index
731
481
Macarius of Egypt, disciple of Anthony,
522; Rule attributed to, 535
Macedonia, 2; Rome interferes in, 191;
barbarians in, 204 sqq. , 250 ; 220; 248;
251 ; under Theodosius, 253; Alaric in,
260, 456; ancestors of the Franks in,
293; 357; Theodoric in, 475, 477; plun.
dered by Slavs, 483; mines of, 548
Macedonians, related to the Franks,
293
Macedonius, Bishop of Constantinople,
deprived, 518
Macedonius, heresy of, 177
Macellum, prison of Julian and Gallus, 63,
99
Macrian, King of the Alemanni, 224; makes
peace with Valentinian, 229
Maorina, sister of St Basil, 531
Macrinius Vindex, praetorian praefect, de-
feated and slain, 199
Macrobius, Ambrosius Theodosius, cited,
110, 594; Saturnalia of, 571, 573, 592;
Commentary on the Dream of Scipio of,
572; and the Plotinian philosophy, 573;
574; and Aristotle, 579
Ma'di Kharb, leader of Taghlibi, raid of,
Maedi, 191
Maelgwn, (King of) Gwynedd, 388
Maeotis, Lake. See Azov
Magasaete. See Herefordshire
Magians, Roman treatment of the, 469
Magnentius, Emperor of the West, usurps
the throne, 59; opposes Constantius, 60;
is defeated and flees, 61; kills himself,
62; 64; results of his treachery, 65 sq. ,
208; 77; 130; the elder Gratian and,
218
Magnesia, early Christians of, 146
Magyars, customs of the, 341; formerly
fire-worshippers, 346; slave-holders, 348;
invasion of Europe by, 349, 357 ; tactics
of, 351; language of, 355 ; mixed race of,
356, 359
Mahomet, 123; condemns agricultural
labour, 338
Main, River, campaign of Julian on, 69;
186 sq. ; and the Teuton settlements,
188 sq. ; 192 sq. , 197 sq. , 200 sq. , 207 ;
migration of the Vandals along the, 266 ;
early Germanic settlements on, 294 sq. ;
Frankish tribes on, 300
Mainz, taken by the Alemanni, 66; 68 sq. ;
Maximian at, 207; massacre of inhabi.
tants by barbarians, 224; Valentinian
at, 225; destroyed by Vandals, 266 ;
Jovinus declared emperor at, 275; 295,
416
Maiozamalcha, fortress of, taken by Julian,
83
Majorian, Emperor of the West, 282; and
the Vandals, 309, 423 sq. ; abdication,
310; death, 310, 424, 468; and the Senate,
397, 443; made emperor, 423; ante-
cedents, ib. ; character of government,
ib. ; successes in Gaul, ib. ; and Mar.
cellinus, 425; recognised by Eastern
Empire, 468
Malamocco, 417 note
Mallobaudes, King of the Franks, in com.
mand at Argentaria, 234, 252
Mamre, church built at, 611
Man, Isle of, traces of pagan worship in, 90
Manchester, site of Roman fort, 370
Manichaeans, the, nature fables of, 581
Mannus, legendary ancestor of Germans,
292
Maranga, skirmish at, 84
Marbod, chief of the Marcomanni, 196 sq.
Marca, the, country of the Marcomanni,
189
Marcellianus, Roman officer, murders
Gabinius, 229
Marcellinus, count of the sacred largesses,
conspires against Constans, 59; is defeated
by Constantius, 61
Marcellinus, brother of Maximus, 243
Marcellinus, Roman general, sent against
the Vandals, 310, 426; murdered, 311,
425 sq. ; cited, 399, 431; paganism of, 418;
trained by Aëtius, 419, 425; rules in
Dalmatia, 424, 468; character, 425; 429 ;
submits to Anthemius, 470; 474
Marcellus of Ancyra, and the Arian con-
troversy, 121, 126 sqq. ; acquitted of
heresy, 129; 130; 137 ; confession of
faith of, 139; school of, 140; heresy of,
177
Marcellus, general of Constantius, 66;
disgraced, 67; takes Cyzicus, 221
Marcellus, treasury counsel under Theodoric,
442
March (Marus), River, 192, 196 sq.
Marcian, Emperor of the East, refuses help
against the Vandals, 309; refuses tribute
to Attila, 364 sq. ; 414 ; Britain invaded
by English in reign of, 382; and Council
of Chalcedon, 417, 507, 510 sq. ; and
Aëtius, 419; and Maximus, 421; re-
cognises Avitus, 422; death, 423, 468,
426 ; and the consulship, 444;
made emperor, 467 ; marries Pulcheria,
ib. , 506; reign, 468; orthodoxy of, 506;
and the insurrection at Jerusalem, 512;
517
Marcian, son of Anthemius, marries Leontia,
471 ; rebels, 476 ; imprisoned, ib. ; pro-
claimed emperor, 477
Marcianople, attacked by barbarians, 203,
206; Romans defeated at, 216, 233, 250;
Valens at, 221; treachery shewn to the
Goths at, 232 sq.
Marcomania, proposed new province, 200
Marcomanni, a tribe of Suebi, 189, 194; in
Bohemia, 195; 196 sqq. ; invade Roman
provinces, 199 ; subdued, 200; 202, 207;
under Attila, 361
Marcomir, leader of the Franks, 243, 256;
gives hostages, 244, 256 ; commands the
Chatti, 259 ; exiled, 260; 293, 295
513;
:
## p. 732 (#762) ############################################
732
Index
Marco Polo, cited, 339, 342, 350, 359
Marcus Aurelius Antoninus, Emperor, 1,
25, 33, 47, 77; and the German invasion,
198 sq. ; death of, 200; policy of, 206 ;
238 ; 569 sq.
Marcus, proclaimed emperor in Britain,
267 note, 380
Mardia, the plain of, battle on, 7
Mardin, 482
Mardonius, tutor to Julian, 63, 98 sq. , 103
Mare Suevicum. See Baltic Sea
Marga, Thomas of. See Thomas
Margus (Passarovitz), betrayed by the
bishop to the Huns, 363
Margus (Passarovitz), Bishop of, and Attila,
362; betrays Margus to the Huns, 363
Margus, River. See Morava
Maria, daughter of Stilicho, marries
Honorius, 264 ; dies, 268
Marina, daughter of Arcadius, 462; and
Nestorius, 499, 502
Marinus, minister of Anastasius I, and
financial reform, 483; hostility of the
mob to, 485
Marinus, tribune, 64
Maris, Bishop of Chalcedon, and Julian,
135
Maritza, River (Hebrus), Gothic colonists
on, 239; Goths defeated on, 250, 258;
Theodosius defeated on, 258; 474
Maritza Pass, army of Valens in, 234
Marius, C. , defeats the Cimbri, 193; 434
Mark, St, ordinance of, 160; importance of
church of Alexandria due to, 171, 507
Marmora (Propontis), 17, 56, 63; Heruli
on, 205 ; 251; nomads winter by, 358;
462 ; pirates in, 465
Marmoutier, monastery of St Martin at,
534
Mars, 95; Julian revives worship of, 107;
identical with Thunor or Ti, 386
Marseilles, as seat of learning, 88; Ataulf
fails to take, 277, 402; taken by Goths,
284, 430 ; beginnings of monachism at,
534
Marseilles, Bishop of. See Proculus
Marsus, Roman general, 113; leads cam-
paign against the Vandals in Africa, 311;
and Illus, 477 ; death, 478
Martianus, general of Constantius, 75
Martin, Bishop of Braga in Spain, Capitula
of, 181 ; fosters monachism, 532
Martin, St, Bishop of Tours, 152; biography
of, cited, 153; monastic foundations of,
Mascezel, Moorish prince, drives out his
usurping brother, 263
Massagetae, the, invade Persia, 59; cannibal
customs of, 349
Maternus, Julius Firmicus, cited, 92
Matronianus, brother-in-law of Illus, con.
veys Verina to Tarsus, 476 ; accompanies
Illus to Antioch, 477 ; shut out of Edessa,
478
Matterhorn, the, 4
Matthew, St, discovery of autograph of
Gospel of, 175
Mauretania, church councils for, 164; 262;
coast infested by Vandals, 305, 409; 307;
laid waste before the Roman advance,
309; conquered by Moors, 314 ; ceded to
Vandals, 411, 413; slave trade in, 548
Mauretania Caesariensis, retained by Rome,
307 ; conquered by Moors, 314; 316;
reoccupied by Gaiseric, 422
Mauretania Sitifensis, retained by Rome,
307 ; conquered by Moors, 314; 316;
reoccupied by Gaiseric, 422
Mauretania Tingitana, ceded to Vandals,
307; conquered by Moors, 314; 316;
Vandals land in, 409
Mauriacus, battle of, 280, 297, 364, 416,
418, 421; site, 416 note
Maurice, Eastern Emperor, 484
Maurus, St, 541
Maxentius, Emperor, 3; defeat and death
of, 4; 5, 31 ; debases the coinage, 40; 44
Maximian (Maximianus I), Emperor, ab-
dicates, 2; 3, 15, 16; successes against
barbarians, 207; Carausius claims to be
colleague of, 377
Maximian, Bishop of Constantinople, ap.
pointed on deprivation of Nestorius, 501
Maximianus, Cornelius, poetry of, 449
Maximin (Galerius Valerius Maximinus,
called Daza or Daia), Emperor, 3; treat-
ment of Christians by, 4 sqq. ; defeat
and death of, 6; 9, 15, 17, 22 ; 79 sq. ;
attempts to organise pagan religions, 107;
drives back barbarians, 201
Maximin, imperial envoy, takes hostages of
the Blemmyes, 468
Maximinus, praefect of Illyricum, 229;
ill-treats the Goths, 232
Maximus, made emperor in Spain by
Gerontius, 274, 400
Maximus, Cn. Mallius, consul, defeated,
192
Maximus, Magnus Clemens, proclaimed
534
emperor in Britain, 238, 255, 379;
defeats Gratian, ib. ; attempts to entrap
Valentinian II, 239; refuses burial in
Italy for corpse of Gratian, 240; 241 ;
makes war on Valentinian II, 242;
defeated and slain, 243, 255 sq. ; charac-
ter, ib. ; 244, 383 note
Maximus, Petronius, made emperor, 281,
308, 397, 420; and the murder of
Valentinian III, 398, 419 and note; plans
the death of Aëtius, 418; death, 421
Martin of Bracara, Homilies of, 115
Martinianus, officer of Licinius, made
magister officiorum, 8
Martinianus, officer of Zeno, made magister
militum, 474; 475
Martyria, Christian tomb chambers, 609
Martyrium (Great Church), at Jerusalem,
plan of, 609
Martyropolis, betrayed to Persia, 481
Marus, River. See March
## p. 733 (#763) ############################################
Index
733
Michael (VIII) Palaeologus, Eastern Em.
peror, 19
Maximus, Bishop of Antioch, at Council of
Chalcedon, 508; appointment, 514; de-
position, ib.
Maximus of Turin, Homilies of, 115
Maximus, philosopher, 64, 78; thaumaturgic
séances of, 100; Julian writes to, 102;
106; distrusted by Valentinian, 219;
conspires against Valens, 226
Mayenne, River, 299
Mazaca. See Caesarea in Cappadocia
Mazices, eastern tribe, raid Libya, 483
Mecklenburg, Teutons in, 186
Media, 82; the Scythian invasion of, 354;
361
Medieval History, epoch of beginning of, 1
Mediterranean Sea, Vandals on, 306, 309
sqq. , 412; Vandal rule in islands of,
320; 379; 405; 411
Megara, taken by Goths, 261, 457
Megarians, the, 17
Melania, Roman lady, monastery founded
by, 526; establishes sisterhood in
Palestine, 531
Melania, granddaughter of above, 526
Melanthias, Valens at, 234
Melas, River, 458
Melchiades. See Miltiades
Meletian schism, the, 12, 14
Meletius, Bishop of Antioch, 134 sqq.
