No More Learning

i. Figulus ; Muncker imagines that we must consider
xxi. & 134, pp. 108, 109, ed. Putsch. , where two them as abbreviations of works by the Augustan
sentences are extracted. ) 8. De Vita Rebusque Hyginus, executed by some unskilful hand, whom
Illustrium Virorum, in six books at least. (Gell. Barth decides to have been an Avianus, or an
i. 14; Joannes Sarisber. Policrat. v. 7. ) We may Ammianus, names which he found in á MS. ;
suppose that the De Vita et Rebus Africani, men- Reinesius and Van Staveren look upon the whole
tioned by A. Gellius (vii. 1), formed one of the as a mere cento, pieced together, without care or
sections of this essay. (See also Ascon. Pedian. in discrimination, by an unlettered grammarian, who
Pison. ; Hieron. de Script. Eccles. praef. ) 9. Ex assumed the designation of the celebrated Hy.
empla. (Gell. 1. 18. ) 10. De Arte Militari. ginus that he might the more effectually recommend
(Joannes Sarisber. Policrat. vi. 19. )
his own worthless trash ; while, more recently,
The whole of the above have perished ; but we Niebuhr was led to believe that a fragment brought
possess two pieces in prose, nearly entire, which to light by himself (De Rebus Thebanis Mytholo
bear the name of Hyginus, to which editors, ap- gicis) was a portion of a much larger book, and
parently without any authority from MSS. , have that this furnished the materials from which, with
prefixed the additional designations C. Julius. later additions, the Fables of Hyginus had been
worked up. The question has been rendered, if
1. Fabularum Liver, a series of 277 short my- possible, still more complicated by the recent dis-
thological legends, with an introductory genealogy coveries of Angelo Mai, who has published from
of divinities. There are blanks from c. 206—219; MSS. in the Vatican three mythographers pre
from 225—238 ; from 261-270 ; and two single viously unknown, of whom the first may be as
chapters, 222 and 272, are also wanting. Although early as the fifth century, and appears to have been
the larger portion of these narratives has been co known under the appellation of Hyginus, at least
pied from obvious sources, they occasionally present the second book ends with the words Explicit
the tales under new forms or with new circum- LIBER SECUNDUS C. HNI. FABULARUM, an ab-
stances, and hence are regarded with considerable breviation of which the obvious interpretation is
interest by those who investigate such topics. C. Higini. These writers, together with a full
II. Poeticon Astronomicon Libri IV. , addressed account of the MSS. , will be found in the “Classici
to a certain M. Fabius. The first book, entitled Auctores e Vaticanis Codicibus," Rom. 1831, vol.
De Mundi ac Sphaerae ac utriusque Partium De- iii. pp. 1–277.
clarutione, commences with a general outline of The Editio Princeps of the Astronomica was
what the author proposes to accomplish, and is then published at Ferrara, 4to. 1475, and the second
devoted to a definition of the technical terms Mun- edition at Venice, 4to. 1475; besides which, three
dus, Sphaera, Centrum, Aris, Polus, &c. , which are other editions were printed at Venice before the
very briefly explained ; the second book, De Sig- close of the fifteenth century.
norum Coelestium Historiis, comprises an exposition The Editio Princeps of the Fabulae was pub-
of the legends connected with forty-one of the lished, under the inspection of Micyllus, at Basel,
principal constellations, followed up by a brief fol. 1535, in a volume containing also the Astra-
notice of the five planets and the Milky Way; the nomica, Palaephatus and Phornutus, Fulgentius,
third book, De Descriptionibus Formarum Coeles- | Albricus, the Phaenomena of Aratus, and the
tium, contains a detailed account of the number Sphere of Proclus, in Greek and Latin, together
and arrangement of the stars which constitute the with the paraphrase of the Phaenomena, by Ger-
different portions of the fanciful shapes ascribed to manicus.
the constellations previously enumerated the The best editions of both works are those in-
fourth book, which ends abruptly, De quinque Cir- cluded in the “ Mythographi Latini” of Muncker,
culorum inter Corpora Coelestia Notatione, et Pla 8vo. Amst. 1681, and in the "Mythographi La-
netis, treats of the circles of the celestial sphere, of tini " of Van Staveren, Lug. Bat. and Amst. 4to.
the constellations appertaining to each, of their 1742.
risings and settings, of the course of the sun and The best edition of the Fabulae in a separate
moon, and of the appearance of the planets. form is that of Schefer, 8vo. Hamb. 1674.
These works exhibit in many passages such (Suet. de Iust. Gramm. 20, and comment, of
gross ignorance, and are expressed in phraseology Vinetus ; Isidorus, de Nat. Ser. 17; Honor. Au-
which, although not uniformly impure, frequently gustodun. de Phil. Mund. ii. 12; Raphael Volaterr.
approaches to nearly to barbarison, that no scholar Comment. xvi. ; Reines. Var. Lectt. iii. 2, p. 273,
now believes that they could have proceeded in iii. 8, p. 480 ; Scaliger, ad Manil. i. p. 34, ad
their present shape from a man renowned for Euseb. Chron. 10; Salmas. de Annis Climact. p.
a
:
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636
HYLE.
AYMEN.
594. See also the introductions prefixed to the HYLEUS ('TABÚS), a hunter who was killed
editions of Schefer, Muncker, and especially of by the Calydonian boar: he must not be confounded
Van Staveren, who has collected almost every with the centaur Hylaeus. (A pollod, i. 8. $ 2; Ov.
thing. )
(W. R. ) Met. viii. 312. )
(L. S. )
HYLAEUS ('Taalos), that is, the woodman, HYLLUS ("Txos). 1. A son of Ge, from
the name of an Arcadian centaur, who was slain by whom the river Hyllus in Lydia was believed to
Atalante, when, in conjunction with Rhoetus, he have derived its name. His gigantic bones were
pursued her. (Apollod. iii. 9. & 2; Callim. Hymn. shown in Lydia at a very late period. (Paus. i. 35.
in Dian. 221; Aelian, V. H. xiii. 1. ) According in fin. )
to Propertius (i. 1, 13) Hylaeus had also attacked 2. A son of Heracles by Deianeira, or, according
and severely wounded Meilanion, the lover of Ata- to others, by Melite or Omphale. (Apollon. Rhod.
Innte. (Comp. Ov. Ars Am. ii. 191. ) According iv. 543, &c. ; comp. HERACLEIDAE. ) (L. S. )
to some legends, Hylaeus fell in the fight against HY'MEAS ('rménis), a son-in-law of Dareius
the Lapithae, and others again said that he was one Hystaspis, acted as a general of his against the
of the centaurs slain by Heracles. (Virg. Georg. revolted Jonians, and was one of those who de-
ii. 457 ; Serv. ad Aen. viii. 294 ; comp. Horat. feated the rebels near Ephesus in B. C. 499. In
Carm. ii. 12, 5. ) One of the dogs of Actaeon like the following year Hymeas took the town of
wise bore the name of Hylaeus (Ov. Met. iii. Cius on the Propontis, and reduced the Aeolians
213. )
(L. S. ) und Gergithians, in the midst of which successes he
HYLAS ("Taas), a son of Theiodamas, king of was carried off by illness. (Herod. v. 102, 111,
the Dryopes, by the nymph Menodice (Apollon. 116. )
(E. E. )
Rhod. i. 1213; Hygin. Fab. 14, 271 ; Propert. i. HYMEN or HYMENAEUS (Tuhu or 'Tue
20, 6); or, according to others, a son of Heracles, valos), the god of marriage, was conceived as a hand-
Euphemus, or Ceyx. (Schol. ad Theocrit. xiii. 7; some youth, and invoked in the hymeneal or bridal
Anton. Lib. 26. ) He was the favourite of Hera- song.
The names originally designated the bridal
cles, who, after having killed his father, Theioda- song itself, which was subsequently personified.
mas, took him with him when he joined the The first trace of this personification occurs in Eu-
expedition of the Argonauts. (Apollon. Rhod. ripides (Troad. 311), or perhaps in Sappho (Fragm.
i. 131; Orph. Argon. 221, &c. ) When the 73, p. 80, ed. Neue). The poetical origin of the
Argonauts landed on the coast of Mysia, Hylas god Hymen or Hymenaeus is also implied in the
went out to fetch water for Heracles; but when fact of his being described as the son of Apollo and
he came to a well, his beauty excited the love a Muse, either Calliope, Urania, or Terpsichore.
of the Naiads, who drew him down into the (Catull. lxi. 2; Nonn. Dionys. xxxi. 67 ; Schol.
water, and he was never seen again. (Comp. Val. Vatic. ad Eurip. Rhes. 895, ed. Dindorf, Schol.
Flacc. iii. 545; Orph. Argon. 637, &c. ; Theocrit. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. 313 ; Alciphron, Epist. i. 13;
xiii. 45, &c. ) Heracles himself endeavoured to Tzetz. Chil. xiii. 599. ) Hence he is mentioned
trace him, and called out his name, but in vain ; along with the sons of the Muses, Linus and lale-
and the voice of Hylas was heard from the bottom mus, and with Orpheus. Others describe him only
of the well only like a faint echo, whence some as the favourite of Apollo or Thamyris, and call
say that he was actually metamorphosed into an him a son of Magnes and Calliope, or of Dionysus
echo. While Heracles was engaged in seeking his and Aphrodite. (Suid. s. v. Oduvpis ; Anton. Lib.
favourite, the Argonauts sailed away, leaving He- | 23 ; Serv. ad Aen. iv. 127, ad Virg. Eclog. viii.
racles and his companion, Polyphemus, behind. 30. ) The ancient traditions, instead of regarding
He threatened to ravage the country of the My- the god as a personification of the hymeneal song,
sians unless they would find out where Hylas was, speak of him as originally a mortal, respecting
either dead or alive. (Apollon. Rhod, i. 1344. ) whom various legends were related. According to
Hence, says the poet, the inhabitants of Cios an Argive tradition, Hymenaeus was a youth of
(Prusa) still continue to seek for Hylas : namely, Argos, who, while sailing along the coast of Attica,
the inhabitants of Prusa celebrated an annual delivered a number of Attic maidens from the
festival to the divine youth Hylas, and on that oc- violence of some Pelasgian pirates, and was after-
casion the people of the neighbourhood roamed wards praised by them in their bridal songs, wbich
over the mountains calling out the name of Hylas. were called, after him, hymeneal songs. (Eustath.
It was undoubtedly this riotous ceremony that ad Hom. p. 1157. ) The Attic legends described
gave rise to the story about Hylas. (Theocrit. xiii. him as a youth of such delicate beauty, that he
72 ; Strab. p. 564. )
(L. S. ] might be taken for a girl. He fell in love with a
HYLAS, a famous pantomime, who acquired a maiden, who refused to listen to him ; but in the
great reputation at Rome in the time of Augus- disguise of a girl he followed ber to Eleusis to the
He was a disciple of Pylades, the greatest festival of Demeter. He, together with the other
master in his art at the time ; but Hylas showed girls, was carried off by robbers into a distant and
such talent and skill, that the Roman public desolate country. On their landing, the robbers
could not decide which of the two was the greater. laid down to sleep, and were killed by Hymenaeus,
• (Suet. Aug. 45 ; Macrob. Sat. ii. 7. ) (L. S. ] who now returned to Athens, requesting the citi-
HY'LATUS ("TAatos), a surname of Apollo zens to give him his beloved in marriage, if he re-
derived from the town of Hyle in Crete, which was stored to them the maidens who had been carried
sacred to him. (Lycophr. 448, with Tzetzes' note; off by the robbers. His request was granted, and
Steph. Byz. 8. v. "Tan; Eustath. ad Hom. p. his marriage was extremely happy. For this reason
596. )
(L. S. ] he was invoked in the hymeneal songs. (Serv. ad
HYLE (Tan), a daughter of Thespieus, from Aen. i. 655, ad Virg. Eclog. viii. 30. ) According
whom the town of Hyle in Boeotia was believed to to others he was a youth, and was killed by the
have derived its name. (Eustath. ad Hom. p. breaking down of his house on his wedding-day
267. )
[L. S. ) whence he was afterwards invoked in bridal songs
a
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HYPATIUS.
637
HYPERBATAS.
in order to be propitiated (Serv. I. c. ); and some who held that office conjointly), in A. D. 382 and
related that at the wedding of Dionysus and 383. He was a correspondent of Gregory Nazianzen
Ariadne he sang the bridal hymn, but lost his voice. (Epist. 192, or in Caillau's edit. 96), and is men-
(Serv. I. c. ; comp. Scriptor. Rerum Mythic. pp. 26, tioned with high praise by Ammianus, with whom
148, 229; Ov. Vet. ii. 683, who makes him a son he appears to have been on terms of friendship.
of Argus and Perimele ; Terent. Adelph. v. 7, 8. ) | (Amm. Marc. xviii. 1, xxi. 6, xxix. 2 ; Greg. Na-
According to the Orphic legends, the deceased zianz. Opera, vol. ii. p. 81, ed. Paris, 1840 ; Cod.
Hymenaeus was called to life again by Asclepius. | Theodos. 11. tit. 16. § 13, 15. tit. 36. & 26 ; 12. tit.
(Apollod. iii. 10. 3. ) He is represented in works 1. $ 99, 100, et alibi ; Gothofred, Prosop. Cod. Throd. ;
of art as a youth, but taller and with a more serious Ducange, Famil. Byzant. p. 48 ; Tillemont Hist. des
expression than Eros, and carrying in his hand Emp. vol. iv. pp. 380, 437, v. pp. 108, 168, 720. )
a bridal torch. (Hirt, Mythol. Bilderb. ii. p. Some other Hypatii are mentioned in the Theodosian
224. )
(L. S. ) code, but they do not require notice. (J. C.