No More Learning

Ant. xiv. 5. $$ 1, 2, 6. SS 2-4, 8,
Annales. Antipater followed the Greek history of Bell. Jud. i. 8. $$ 1, 3, 7, 9. &$ 3-5. ) After Caesar
Silenus Calatiuus (Cic. de Div. i. 24, 49), and oc- had left Syria to go against Pharaces, Antipater
casionally borrowed from the Origines of Cato set himself to provide for the quiet settlement of
Censorius. (Gell. x. 24; Macrob. Saturn. i. 4, the country under the existing government, and
extr. ) The emperor Hadrian is reported to have appointed his sons Phasiëlus and Herod to be
preferred him as an historian to Sallust (Spartianus, governors respectively of Jerusalem and Galilee.
Hadrian. c. 16); by Valerius Maximus (i. 7) he (Joseph. Ant. xiv. 9. $$ 1,2, Bell. Jud. i. 10. $ 4. )
is designated certus Romanae historiae auctor; and His care for the peace and good order of the pro-
he is occasionally quoted by Livy, who soinetimes, vince was further shewn in B. C. 46, when he dis-
with respectful consideration, dissents from his / suaded llerod from his purpose of attacking Hyrca-


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ANTIPATER
203
ANTIPATER.
emperor had
nus in Jerusalem (HERODES), and again in B. C. 43 made him his private secretary.
The
(the year after Caesar's murder), by his regulations such a high opinion of him, that he raised him to
for the collection of the tax imposed on Judaea by the consular dignity, and afterwards made him
Cassius for the support of his troops. (Ant. xiv. . praefect of Bithynia. But as Antipater used his
§ 5, 11. § 2, Bell. Jud. i. 10. § 9, 11. & 2. ) To sword too freely, he was deprived of his office, and
the last-mentioned year his death is to be referred. retired to his native place, where he died at the
He was carried off by poison which Malichus, age of 68, it is said of voluntary starvation. Phi-
whose life he had twice saved [Malichus], bribed lostratus says, that he wrote a history of the life
the cup-bearer of Hyrcanus to administer to him. and exploits of the emperor Severus, but not a
(Ant. xiv. 11. SS 2-4, Bell. Jud. i. 11. $S 2-4. ) fragment of it is extant. (Philostr. Vit
. Soph. ii.
For his family, see Joseph. Ant. xiv. 7. & 3. (E. E. 24, 25. § 4, 26. $ 3; Galen, De Theriac. ad Pison.
ANTI'PATER ("Avrimatpos), the eldest son ii. p. 458; Eudoc. p. 57. )
(L. S. ]
of HEROD the Great by his first wife, Doris (Jos. ANTI'PATER, the name of at least two PHY-
Ant. xiv. 12. § 1), a monster of wickedness and SICIANS. 1. The author of a work Tepl Yuxñs,
craft, whose life is briefly described by Josephus * On the Soul," of which the second book is
(Bell. Jud. i 24. $ 1) in two words— Kaxias uvos quoted by the Scholiast on Homer (n. 1. 115. p.
thplov. Herod, having divorced Doris and married 306, ed. Bekker; Cramer, Anecd. Graeca Paris.
Mariamue, B. c. 38, banished Antipater from court vol. iii. p. 14), in which he said that the soul in-
(Bell. Jul. i. 22. $ 1), but recalled him afterwards, creased, diminished, and at last perished with the
in the hope of checking, by the presence of a rival, body; and which may very possibly be the work
the violence and resentment of Mariamne's sons, quoted by Diogenes Laërtius (vii. 157), and com-
Alexander and Aristobulus, who were exasperated monly attributed to Antipater of Tarsus. If he be
by their mother's death. Antipater now intrigued the physician who is said by Galen (De Meth. Alcd.
to bring his half-brothers under the suspicion of i. 7, vol
. x. p. 52; Introd. c. 4. vol. xiv. p. 684)
his father, and with such success, that Herod to have belonged to the sect of the Methodici, he
altered his intentions in their behalf, recalled Doris must have lived in or after the first century B. C. ;
to court, and sent Antipater to Rome, recommend and this date will agree very well with the fact of
ing bim to the favour of Augustus. (Jos. Ant. xvi. his being quoted by Andromachus (ap. Gal. De
3, Bell. Jud. i. 23, $ 2. ). He still continued his Compos. Medicam. sec. Locos, ini
. 1, ix. 2, vol. xii.
machinations against his brothers, and, though p. 630, vol. xiii. p. 239), Scribonius Largus (De Com-
p
Herod was twice reconciled to them, yet his arts, pos. Med. c. 167, p. 221), and Caelius Aurelianus.
aided by Salome and Pheroras, and especially by (De Morb. Chron. ii. 13, p. 404. ) His prescriptions
the Spartan Eurycles (comp. Plut. Ant. p. 947, b. ), are frequently quoted with approbation by Galen
succeeded at length in bringing about their death, and Aëtius, and the second book of his “ Epistles"
B. C. 6. (Jos. Ant. xvi. 4-11, Bell. Jud. i. 23-27. ) is mentioned by Caelius Aurelianus. (l. c. )
Having thus removed his rivals, and been declared 2. A contemporary of Galen at Rome in the
successor to the throne, he entered into a plot second century after Christ, of whose death and
against his father's life with his uncle Pheroras ; the morbid symptoms that preceded it, a very in-
and, to avoid suspicion, contrived to get himself teresting account is given by that physician. (De
sent to Rome, taking with him, for the approba- Locis Affect. iv. 11, vol. viii. p. 293. ) [W. A. G. )
tion of Augustus, Herod's altered will. But the ANTI'PATER ('Artitatpos), of SIDON, the
investigation occasioned by the death of Pheroras author of several epigrams in the Greek Anthology,
(whom his wife was suspected of poisoning) brought appears, from a passage of Cicero (de Orat. iii 50),
to light Antipater's murderous designs, chiefly to have been contemporary with Q. Catullus (con-
through the disclosures of the wife of Pheroras, of sul B. c. 102), and with Crassus (quaestor in Mace-
Antipater's own freedman, and of his steward, donia B. c. 106). The many minute references
Antipater the Samaritan.
He was accordingly made to him by Meleager, who also wrote his epi-
recalled from Rome, and kept in ignorance of the taph, would seem to shew that Antipater was an
charges against him till his arrival at Jerusalem. elder contemporary of this poet, who is known to
Here he was arraigned by Nicolaus of Damascus have flourished in the 170th Olympiad. From
before Quintilius Varus, the Roman governor of these circumstances he may be placed at B. c. 108-
Syria, and the sentence against him having been 100. He lived to a great age. (Plin. vii. 52 ;
confirmed by Augustus (who recommended, how. Cic. de Fat. 3; Val. Max. i. 8. § 16, ext. ; Jacobs,
ever, a mitigation of it in the shape of banishment), Anthol. xiii. p. 847. )
[P. S. )
he was executed in prison, five days before the ANTI'PATER ('Avoimatpos), of Tarsus, a Stoic
tennination of Herod's mortal illness, and in the philosopher, was the disciple and successor of Dio-
same year as the massacre of the innocents. (Jos. genes and the teacher of Panaetius, B. c. 144 nearly.
Ant. xvii. 1-7, Bell. Jud. i. 28-33; Euseb. Hist. (Cic. de Divin. i. 3, de Off. ii. 12. ) Plutarch speaks
Eid. i 8. $ 12. ) The death of Antipater probably of him with Zeno, Cleanthes, and Chrysippus, as
called forth the well-known sarcasm of Augustus : one of the principal Stoic philosophers (de Stoic.
“ Melius est Herodis porcum esse quam filium. " | Repumant. p. 144), and Cicero mentions him as
(Macrob. Saturn. ii. 4. )
(E. E. ) remarkable for acuteness. (De Off. ii. 12. ) Of his
ANTI'PATER ('Arrivatpos), of HIERAPOLIS, personal history nothing is known, nor would the
a Greek sophist and rhetorician of the time of the few extant notices of his philosophical opinions be
emperor Severus. He was a son of Zeuxidemus, a sufficient ground for any great reputation, if it
and a pupil of Adrianus, Pollux, and Zeno. In his were not for the testimony of ancient authors to his
orations both extempore and written, some of merit. He seems to have taken the lead during
which are mentioned by Philostratus, Antipater his lifetime in the disputes constantly recurring
was not superior to his contemporaries, but in the between his own school and the Academy, althonghi
art of writing letters he is said to have excelled all he is said to have felt himself so unequal in argu-
others, and for this reason the emperor Severus ment to his contemporary Carneades, in public dis-


## p. 204 (#224) ############################################

204
ANTIPHANES.
ANTIPILANES.
1
putation, that he confined himself to writing; whenceries with a view that they should be believed as
he was called kalauobbas. (Plut. Mor. p. 514, d. ; history, and that consequently he was an impostur.
Euseb. de Prarp. Erang. xiv. 8. ) He taught be- It was owing to Antiphanes that the verb Bengat-
lief in God as “ a Being blessed, incorruptible, and Serv was used in the sense of telling stories. (Steph.
of good will to men," and blamed those who ascrib- Byz. s. v. Bepyn, who however confounds our An-
ed to the gods “ generation and corruption," which tiphanes with the comic writer of Rhodes; comp.
is said to have been the doctrine of Chrysippus. Clem. Alex. Strom. i. p. 133; Phot. Cod. 166. )
(Plut. de Stoic. Rep. p. 192. ) Besides this treatise Most writers agree in believing, that Antiphanes
“ on the gods,” he also wrote two books on Divi- of Berga is tbe same as the Antiphanes who wrote
nation, a common topic among the Stoics, in which a work on courtezans (Tepl étaipwv), and whom
he proved the truth of the science from the fore some writers call Antiphanes the Younger. (Athen.
knowledge and benevolence of the Deity, explained xiii. p. 586; Harpocrat. s. vu. Návviou, 'Artixupa ;
dreams to be supernatural intimations of the future, Suid. s. r. Návrov. )
(L. S. )
and collected stories of divination attributed to ANTIPHANÉS ('Artipámns), a comic poet,
Socrates. (Cic. de Divin. i. 3, 20, 39, 54. ) He is the earliest and one of the most celebrated
said to have believed that Fate was a god, though Athenian poets of the middle comedy, was born,
it is not clear what was implied in this expression according to Suidas (s. r. ), in the 93rd Olym-
(Stob. de Fato, 16); and it appears from Athe- piad, and died in the 112th, at the age of 74.
naeus that he wrote a treatise entitled ſlepi Aed But Athenaeus (iv. p. 156,c. ) quotes a fragment
duluovias. (viii. p. 346. ). Of his labours in moral in which Antiphanes mentions « King Seleucus,"
philosophy nothing remains but a few scattered no and Seleucus was not king till Ol. 118. 2. The true
tices, just sufficient to shew that the science had explanation of the difficulty is in all probability
begun to decline; the questions which are treated that suggested by Clinton, namely, that in this
being points of detail, and such as had more to do instance, as in others, Antiphanes has been con-
with the application of moral precepts than with founded with Alexis, and that the fragment in
the principles themselves : such as they were, how- Athenaeus belongs to the latter poet. (Clinton, in
ever, he took higher ground in solving them than the Philological Museum, i. p. 607; Meineke, Frag.
his master Diogenes. (Cic. de Off. iii. 12, 13, 23. ) Com. i. pp. 304-7. ) The above dates are given us
Compare Varro, de Ling. Lat. vi. 1. p. 184, Fragm. in Olympiads, without the exact years being speci-
p. 289, ed. Bip.
(C. E. P. ) fied, but we may safely place the life of Antiphanes
ANTI'PATER('Aurimatpos), of THESSALONICA, between 404 and 330 B. C. , and his first exhibition
the author of several epigrams in the Greek Antho- about B. c. 383.
logy, lived, as we may infer from some of his epi- The parentage and birthplace of Antiphanes are
grams, in the latter part of the reign of Augustus doubtful
. His father's name was Demophanes, or
(B. c. 10 and onwards), and perhaps till the reign Stephanus, probably the latter, since he had a son
of Caligula (A. D. 38. ) He is probably the same named Stephanus, in accordance with the Athenian
poet who is called, in the titles of several epigrams, custom of naming a child after his grandfather. As
“ Antipater Macedo. ” (Jacobs, Anthol. xiii. pp. 848, his birthplace are mentioned Cios on the Helles-
849. )
[P. S. ) pont, Smyrna, Rhodes, and Larissa ; but the last
ANTIPATER ('Αντίπατρος). 1. Of TYRE, a statement deserves little credit. (Meineke, i. 308. )
Stoic philosopher, and a contemporary of Cato the Antiphanes was the most highly esteemed writer
Younger, whose friend Antipater is said to have of the middle comedy, excepting Alexis, who
been when Cato was yet a young man. (Plut. Cat. shared that honour with him. The fragments
Min. 4. ) He appears to be the same as the Anti- which remain prove that Athenaeus was right in
pater of Tyre mentioned by Strabo. (xri. p. 757. ) praising him for the elegance of bis language (pp.
2. Of Tyre, likewise a Stoic philosopher, 27, 157, 168), though he uses some words and
but unquestionably of a later date than the for- phrases which are not found in older writers. (See
mer, though Vossius (de Hist. Gr. p. 392, ed. for examples Meineke, i. p. 309. ) He was one of the
Westermann) confounds the two. He lived most fertile dramatic authors that ever lived, for his
after, or was at least younger than, Panaetius, plays amounted, on the largest computation, to 365,
and Cicero (de Off. ii. 24), in speaking of him, on the least to 260. We still possess the titles of
says, that he died lately at Athens, which must about 130.