he managa to ",latc to
virtually
every
olber .
olber .
Hart-Clive-1962-Structure-and-Motif-in-Finnegans-Wake
Spatial C.
JClu : 11- The C.
oss
and to coincide. In the diagram on p~ 293 the ouvd and g. :nit. aIia are l'CI~ tivdy the upper and lower vel'tica of the ccnU'3. 1 rhombus. Dolph, with the mystical power which ~nab1", rum to bring about the coincidence of antith. ,. . ,. , tilb
'by her ,earn hem and jabote at the ,picbicst of her m1r. kikanl . ? . the maid. apronofOur A. L. r. . , . till itsnether nadir il V{)rt;cally whe. . . " ? . iu na~d'i napex will ha~e to heandhe:
(297? 08)
Shaun', na~el, like that of Vilhnu,' i. as much a centre of generation II iI Shem's lifcwand, and becomes confu. ed with his phall. . . throughout IlJ. 3. The laJci,inu. and pcrvwed Four arc in fact involved in producing an erection from the lethargic Sh<lun, whose initial . J;u:knca teems to he implied in the opening description : 'on the verge ofclosing time'. ' Shaun's Ioeation on the fuming dunghe. . p, J oyt:e'. "ymbol for the fertile primordia] Chac. , estab]"'h. ,. him as an incarnation ofthe Finl
Cau. . . . . . -'take your mut for " first ~ginning, hig to bog' (287'0! l)- whilc hi! . . . ,lationship 10 (he Four and their nccc:aary function ofcalling forth the latent mattrial within him luggcsta the relationship of First Cawoc 10 the four Second Ca. . . . ,. , In hil JIIMUJ~ps mflSlJ, Mr. Stuart Gilbert commen'" on the na,,,I, presumably with Joy<<:'. authority':
, '"Ilu: AnciHlu placo:<! the aatr. ll tout of man, the ". . . ri or his self-consciousness, in the pit of the stomach. The BrahmaN ohar. . :! this helief with Plato and Ihe other philoool'l",n ? . ? The navel wu regarded a. 'the circle of the sun', the ""at of
internal divine light" [In's Urwtiltd, xlv. ] Simii. o. rly, H. rmet T';Imcgist". held thaI the midst of the world's body is Cl<. O. ctly
beneath the ccntn: of heaven, and Robc:rt F1udd Ii", . . . nuen : Muii titndllril <tIIlnm< w ,",II: ",- go. . INn rl/lllOrlr. , p. mtt/l'lfl <eIl"d. w StcUiIImt qlUUda. a . . llIMiIiaI. T his portiODof the body, the navd, has, partly for rymbolic reasollS, httn :utoe;a! cd by aoterie . . . nten with the! OUrcc ofprophetic inlpir:atioo, . . . when
Pythia w ll nylcd fIt1I! rih'l"" H''','
, $to J. Campb<lI. 'Fionqan . . . . e W. \e', in Giv<n>. pp. 37<> If. t O'. l'rudI. . . p,
? Londoror, '95>, p. 60.
",
? Spatial Cydu: /I-The Crrm
Furthermore, sino::o: Sho. un is hue 10 be idcutilied with the. . . ,
we rn. . . t bear in milld tho. . l 'M ' wu a . . arne of the Egypliaa Su. . . . Cod'; th~1 il is abo Old None word for God'; and that
VUIIIU, wilh his fertik umhili~, i, himtelf a Sun-God. ' The oombinro ph. o. llicurnbi&al fertility of SItaUII is dr:amatic:ally w<>rkro OUI in tlte big climax at ~99-~01, which is pl:ainly orgMmic and is 'u'. . . . . unded with ,. ""uallugge! tion:
'the. . ,', lcpt or flam in Funnycoon'. Wick. ' (499. 13)
'D'yu meUl 10 ",II there wh~re y'are now, coddlin your lUper. nurncr. lry I"" wi'mat bi~r lOngue in yur tolkoltap, and your hindieo and Ihindic:s, lib: a muck in a markel, Sortey boy, n:pc:atin<< yu. . . . I[ ' (499. '9)
'wilh all that', huried ofi;illl illunce i"",wed inoid. . . . f=:
(. 99-~5)
'Acl drop. Stand by! Blioders! Curtain up. Juice, pic. . ,. ,! }'oou! '
(5? 1. 07)
This exciting moment, led up to be :0 I"'mendous accd. . . . . tion of the dialogue, is thc prineipal foc. . . of the ch:ap. et. Aft. . . the cat:acl)'lm, life begins Once more 10 climb out "r the W<>m. b of aboolute zero. Frosty imagery ahounds, :and it gr;odually be- COma apparer. t that . . . . "C ha~. . , now bftn ~ pit:atcd in. o the Cim. unga-Gap of the Eddas. ' Yawn, perhaps '" be idctui/ied
nnw wilh the recumbent Ymir, the origin:ll R]T11oI:-Cianl, then pro<:<<diIO describe Yggdra1. il, the Wotid_Tr<<, whlch, by his choice of l:anguligt.
he managa to ",latc to virtually every
olber . ymbolic t. . ,e. ~inc<: we are dealing hcf'<: with the ' pring_ ing (If all experience from a First c. . UIC, one of the 0\011 im_ portant of thetc (lthtt" growllu is the TI'tt of J eooe (5"". (13) whicb, in mediaeval arl, som. ~titnCI lwcuriuer. out of the ,upine
Jt:OS? '. ph:allus, just as the loh. ,. . ftower--thc 'family umbroglia, (~I4-04)-bursu from Shau,,_Vishnu', umbilicus. ? ? . . . :tlusiom 10
D~rwin ~nd the ChiP. ~fS". . w c~ny the family IJ"tt funhe! -.
, I',. . "'. ! Iuds"7JIt&cotof""n-r,3""'"-. 1 h. . , 19"'1, ,"Ol. I,P. 601. ? Athe. . "", p. 'OJ.
? J-;. . q,lf/oHitJ
1. . &<10< MJ'oW. 1\. ,'("" I~
_ ic. ,I"h <<In. , 'Vw. n~'; lL Zimmer. M. y. . . .
p. 193.
? J. Compboll, 't'into"! ! . . ,, tho Woke', Itt G i_, pp. 57" If.
? S K 4~.
,
'"
? ! <J1)(Jtiul Cyrus: I I - TIu CrOJs
Tne great t= . pringing from the e<:ntre of the quincunx on the orange-mound of Ireland emulalCS the T = of the Know_ ledge ofGood and Evil which grew in the cent", ofEden: 'tm. tree of . . . ga",rden' (350. 02). But the fateful t",e plant<:d in l'aradise hal traditionally been comidered a . ymbolic pre-
cunor of the cross-tree placed on Calvary, and 00 J <>yce'. tree U given . . . much the asp<"<:t of a g-,dlows as of a living tree
('T yburn', SO'Pol). That Christ's aou uhere intended is made apparent by the indw. ion of many of the supplementary symbols which <. ". 'hristlan iconography frc<[uently a. oocialeS with the CrtlM, . w:h al the ol<ull at the thot (5? 1. 25) and the sun and the mOOn above (504. 36). "lbus a vertical cro. . has grown out of the cent'" of a horizontal one; tht; fertile quincuncial 'multi_ plication' . igo iJ doing ilS work.
Shaun, crucified on the ,nidden, may ,cem to form a ""'" ;mm':"o-the now traditional Crou of Christ--ao easily as a Cross of 51. Anthony. At 377. 23 the Foot . . '" described . . . 'interprovincial crucifixioncn', and since the Christian Cr-o$I, when horizontal, is alwaY' tymholically oriented toward the e. . . t, Johnny (Wo. t) i. at the lower or earthy end of it, oonrutent with Paracd. m' equation of weat and the human buttocks. ' And ifJohnny U OOIated at the t;nd <lf the long arm of a cross, we have one amwing enough re3. $(ln fur m. oonanuaitardine. s, n<lt only is he encumb"red with hiI . Iow_moving """, but he has farther to go, like Thuroday'l child, Shaun-son. . of. Thunder, whn mako. m. long pilgrimage oul of the night of Book III.
The Old Men'. CI"O! :S i, most often called a 'quincunx'. The word is attractive to Joyce beea. . . . :: it Can ",adlly be made to suggcat belth . . . exual vulgarism and the 'Tunc' page of the B~ DfKtlls (fulio l~? ). Thil page, bearing p"-rt ofthe lexl <lr the Ctucifixion- Tun. : crw;ifo<mmI XPl cum eo duo. I4lrona-io in fact illustrated in the lower half by a large Cf. . . . . <kellS. GIIl. T he allusion. \ to il which are heard again and again througrumt Fin~glUlS Wake arc alwaY' a,,,,,,ialed with the CI"O! :S of the r<lur and with the female organ. - "lbe clearat association of
, s . . c . . . - , p . ? ~.
, Atherton, pp. ~, 66.
? Spatial Cydu: l l- TM Cross
'quincun'" ? 'Tunc', etc" "al ll"/S,LI, 'PiIehc4panJ. tri4ngi. , MOu41Id Wt. ;1u",,? , The 1",1 word here " plainly 'quincunx', and thus the four symbols named are 100. . for ShaUll (,,), ALP (6 ), the 'Twelve' (0), and the 'Four' (X). Mr. Atherton has many interesting thing1 {o say about Joyce', conception of Original Sin a. God', sexual fun ~nLailro in the act of Creating. 1 The further implication in hi. Ule of 'Tunc' seelUll to be that Chrill'. 'fall' on the CfOM, raT from redeeming Adam', ,exual fall, is in fact to be identified wilh il and with the ran of God the Father.
Joyce was alwaY" mnlemptuou, of Chrl",', virginity' :
'He was a bachelor . . . and never lived with a woman. Surely living with a womiU1 i. one ofthe mn. t difficult thing> a man has to do, and he never did it'.
Ry his implied variations on the ,tory of the Go3pd. Joyce rewrites the N~w Testament to rorrc. pond with the Old even more clo. cly than the mediaevali>ts could have wished. Thi. cross on the 'Tune' page, already heavily loaded with . ymbolic oignificance, " e><panded to ro,mie proportiona in Rook IV, where Joyce make< it repreunt the quincunx,," in Plato',
World-Solll. The fint word of the paragraph in which the 'inferior' meeting of the Same and the Other talces place is in
fact 'Tunc' (6". 04-).
The cr<l$S with Shaun or the """ at its centre reCu~ in at least
one other important ,ymbolic variation. This is the 'pms? in-th e- corner' motif. The Shl,/(m Kq glOMeS the allusion to it at ~7S. 06 as " 'frightful animal. o. emon in Iri,h fairy tale, here mgge<tive of Finnegan fear'-' I can find no evidence of Ihe existence of a legendary detlliln with luch a name and in any case 'Finnegan fear' does not '! eem to be . n~ted by the cOIl? te"t. Much more important, certainly, is th~ children', game call. d Pms in the Corner, in which four individuals occupying the four COrnel'! ofa room try to run from one corner to another while a fifth, the 'puss', 00 the al~r1 in the centre, tries to I'UJ! h in to claim a vacalCd 'pace, . 0 leaving the dispossessed penon
, Alh<xtOn, pp_3<>-[ .
and to coincide. In the diagram on p~ 293 the ouvd and g. :nit. aIia are l'CI~ tivdy the upper and lower vel'tica of the ccnU'3. 1 rhombus. Dolph, with the mystical power which ~nab1", rum to bring about the coincidence of antith. ,. . ,. , tilb
'by her ,earn hem and jabote at the ,picbicst of her m1r. kikanl . ? . the maid. apronofOur A. L. r. . , . till itsnether nadir il V{)rt;cally whe. . . " ? . iu na~d'i napex will ha~e to heandhe:
(297? 08)
Shaun', na~el, like that of Vilhnu,' i. as much a centre of generation II iI Shem's lifcwand, and becomes confu. ed with his phall. . . throughout IlJ. 3. The laJci,inu. and pcrvwed Four arc in fact involved in producing an erection from the lethargic Sh<lun, whose initial . J;u:knca teems to he implied in the opening description : 'on the verge ofclosing time'. ' Shaun's Ioeation on the fuming dunghe. . p, J oyt:e'. "ymbol for the fertile primordia] Chac. , estab]"'h. ,. him as an incarnation ofthe Finl
Cau. . . . . . -'take your mut for " first ~ginning, hig to bog' (287'0! l)- whilc hi! . . . ,lationship 10 (he Four and their nccc:aary function ofcalling forth the latent mattrial within him luggcsta the relationship of First Cawoc 10 the four Second Ca. . . . ,. , In hil JIIMUJ~ps mflSlJ, Mr. Stuart Gilbert commen'" on the na,,,I, presumably with Joy<<:'. authority':
, '"Ilu: AnciHlu placo:<! the aatr. ll tout of man, the ". . . ri or his self-consciousness, in the pit of the stomach. The BrahmaN ohar. . :! this helief with Plato and Ihe other philoool'l",n ? . ? The navel wu regarded a. 'the circle of the sun', the ""at of
internal divine light" [In's Urwtiltd, xlv. ] Simii. o. rly, H. rmet T';Imcgist". held thaI the midst of the world's body is Cl<. O. ctly
beneath the ccntn: of heaven, and Robc:rt F1udd Ii", . . . nuen : Muii titndllril <tIIlnm< w ,",II: ",- go. . INn rl/lllOrlr. , p. mtt/l'lfl <eIl"d. w StcUiIImt qlUUda. a . . llIMiIiaI. T his portiODof the body, the navd, has, partly for rymbolic reasollS, httn :utoe;a! cd by aoterie . . . nten with the! OUrcc ofprophetic inlpir:atioo, . . . when
Pythia w ll nylcd fIt1I! rih'l"" H''','
, $to J. Campb<lI. 'Fionqan . . . . e W. \e', in Giv<n>. pp. 37<> If. t O'. l'rudI. . . p,
? Londoror, '95>, p. 60.
",
? Spatial Cydu: /I-The Crrm
Furthermore, sino::o: Sho. un is hue 10 be idcutilied with the. . . ,
we rn. . . t bear in milld tho. . l 'M ' wu a . . arne of the Egypliaa Su. . . . Cod'; th~1 il is abo Old None word for God'; and that
VUIIIU, wilh his fertik umhili~, i, himtelf a Sun-God. ' The oombinro ph. o. llicurnbi&al fertility of SItaUII is dr:amatic:ally w<>rkro OUI in tlte big climax at ~99-~01, which is pl:ainly orgMmic and is 'u'. . . . . unded with ,. ""uallugge! tion:
'the. . ,', lcpt or flam in Funnycoon'. Wick. ' (499. 13)
'D'yu meUl 10 ",II there wh~re y'are now, coddlin your lUper. nurncr. lry I"" wi'mat bi~r lOngue in yur tolkoltap, and your hindieo and Ihindic:s, lib: a muck in a markel, Sortey boy, n:pc:atin<< yu. . . . I[ ' (499. '9)
'wilh all that', huried ofi;illl illunce i"",wed inoid. . . . f=:
(. 99-~5)
'Acl drop. Stand by! Blioders! Curtain up. Juice, pic. . ,. ,! }'oou! '
(5? 1. 07)
This exciting moment, led up to be :0 I"'mendous accd. . . . . tion of the dialogue, is thc prineipal foc. . . of the ch:ap. et. Aft. . . the cat:acl)'lm, life begins Once more 10 climb out "r the W<>m. b of aboolute zero. Frosty imagery ahounds, :and it gr;odually be- COma apparer. t that . . . . "C ha~. . , now bftn ~ pit:atcd in. o the Cim. unga-Gap of the Eddas. ' Yawn, perhaps '" be idctui/ied
nnw wilh the recumbent Ymir, the origin:ll R]T11oI:-Cianl, then pro<:<<diIO describe Yggdra1. il, the Wotid_Tr<<, whlch, by his choice of l:anguligt.
he managa to ",latc to virtually every
olber . ymbolic t. . ,e. ~inc<: we are dealing hcf'<: with the ' pring_ ing (If all experience from a First c. . UIC, one of the 0\011 im_ portant of thetc (lthtt" growllu is the TI'tt of J eooe (5"". (13) whicb, in mediaeval arl, som. ~titnCI lwcuriuer. out of the ,upine
Jt:OS? '. ph:allus, just as the loh. ,. . ftower--thc 'family umbroglia, (~I4-04)-bursu from Shau,,_Vishnu', umbilicus. ? ? . . . :tlusiom 10
D~rwin ~nd the ChiP. ~fS". . w c~ny the family IJ"tt funhe! -.
, I',. . "'. ! Iuds"7JIt&cotof""n-r,3""'"-. 1 h. . , 19"'1, ,"Ol. I,P. 601. ? Athe. . "", p. 'OJ.
? J-;. . q,lf/oHitJ
1. . &<10< MJ'oW. 1\. ,'("" I~
_ ic. ,I"h <<In. , 'Vw. n~'; lL Zimmer. M. y. . . .
p. 193.
? J. Compboll, 't'into"! ! . . ,, tho Woke', Itt G i_, pp. 57" If.
? S K 4~.
,
'"
? ! <J1)(Jtiul Cyrus: I I - TIu CrOJs
Tne great t= . pringing from the e<:ntre of the quincunx on the orange-mound of Ireland emulalCS the T = of the Know_ ledge ofGood and Evil which grew in the cent", ofEden: 'tm. tree of . . . ga",rden' (350. 02). But the fateful t",e plant<:d in l'aradise hal traditionally been comidered a . ymbolic pre-
cunor of the cross-tree placed on Calvary, and 00 J <>yce'. tree U given . . . much the asp<"<:t of a g-,dlows as of a living tree
('T yburn', SO'Pol). That Christ's aou uhere intended is made apparent by the indw. ion of many of the supplementary symbols which <. ". 'hristlan iconography frc<[uently a. oocialeS with the CrtlM, . w:h al the ol<ull at the thot (5? 1. 25) and the sun and the mOOn above (504. 36). "lbus a vertical cro. . has grown out of the cent'" of a horizontal one; tht; fertile quincuncial 'multi_ plication' . igo iJ doing ilS work.
Shaun, crucified on the ,nidden, may ,cem to form a ""'" ;mm':"o-the now traditional Crou of Christ--ao easily as a Cross of 51. Anthony. At 377. 23 the Foot . . '" described . . . 'interprovincial crucifixioncn', and since the Christian Cr-o$I, when horizontal, is alwaY' tymholically oriented toward the e. . . t, Johnny (Wo. t) i. at the lower or earthy end of it, oonrutent with Paracd. m' equation of weat and the human buttocks. ' And ifJohnny U OOIated at the t;nd <lf the long arm of a cross, we have one amwing enough re3. $(ln fur m. oonanuaitardine. s, n<lt only is he encumb"red with hiI . Iow_moving """, but he has farther to go, like Thuroday'l child, Shaun-son. . of. Thunder, whn mako. m. long pilgrimage oul of the night of Book III.
The Old Men'. CI"O! :S i, most often called a 'quincunx'. The word is attractive to Joyce beea. . . . :: it Can ",adlly be made to suggcat belth . . . exual vulgarism and the 'Tunc' page of the B~ DfKtlls (fulio l~? ). Thil page, bearing p"-rt ofthe lexl <lr the Ctucifixion- Tun. : crw;ifo<mmI XPl cum eo duo. I4lrona-io in fact illustrated in the lower half by a large Cf. . . . . <kellS. GIIl. T he allusion. \ to il which are heard again and again througrumt Fin~glUlS Wake arc alwaY' a,,,,,,ialed with the CI"O! :S of the r<lur and with the female organ. - "lbe clearat association of
, s . . c . . . - , p . ? ~.
, Atherton, pp. ~, 66.
? Spatial Cydu: l l- TM Cross
'quincun'" ? 'Tunc', etc" "al ll"/S,LI, 'PiIehc4panJ. tri4ngi. , MOu41Id Wt. ;1u",,? , The 1",1 word here " plainly 'quincunx', and thus the four symbols named are 100. . for ShaUll (,,), ALP (6 ), the 'Twelve' (0), and the 'Four' (X). Mr. Atherton has many interesting thing1 {o say about Joyce', conception of Original Sin a. God', sexual fun ~nLailro in the act of Creating. 1 The further implication in hi. Ule of 'Tunc' seelUll to be that Chrill'. 'fall' on the CfOM, raT from redeeming Adam', ,exual fall, is in fact to be identified wilh il and with the ran of God the Father.
Joyce was alwaY" mnlemptuou, of Chrl",', virginity' :
'He was a bachelor . . . and never lived with a woman. Surely living with a womiU1 i. one ofthe mn. t difficult thing> a man has to do, and he never did it'.
Ry his implied variations on the ,tory of the Go3pd. Joyce rewrites the N~w Testament to rorrc. pond with the Old even more clo. cly than the mediaevali>ts could have wished. Thi. cross on the 'Tune' page, already heavily loaded with . ymbolic oignificance, " e><panded to ro,mie proportiona in Rook IV, where Joyce make< it repreunt the quincunx,," in Plato',
World-Solll. The fint word of the paragraph in which the 'inferior' meeting of the Same and the Other talces place is in
fact 'Tunc' (6". 04-).
The cr<l$S with Shaun or the """ at its centre reCu~ in at least
one other important ,ymbolic variation. This is the 'pms? in-th e- corner' motif. The Shl,/(m Kq glOMeS the allusion to it at ~7S. 06 as " 'frightful animal. o. emon in Iri,h fairy tale, here mgge<tive of Finnegan fear'-' I can find no evidence of Ihe existence of a legendary detlliln with luch a name and in any case 'Finnegan fear' does not '! eem to be . n~ted by the cOIl? te"t. Much more important, certainly, is th~ children', game call. d Pms in the Corner, in which four individuals occupying the four COrnel'! ofa room try to run from one corner to another while a fifth, the 'puss', 00 the al~r1 in the centre, tries to I'UJ! h in to claim a vacalCd 'pace, . 0 leaving the dispossessed penon
, Alh<xtOn, pp_3<>-[ .
