The
conquest
of young as Q.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
A queen of Baby- though the waters of the Nile could not have been
Jon, mentioned by Herodotus, who ascribes to her let into it, as the water of the river does not rise
many important works at Babylon and its vicinity. high enough for the purpose. (Bunsen, Aegyptens
According to his account she changed the course of Stelle in der Weltgeschichte, vol. ii. pp. 236—242. )
the river above Babylon, built up with bricks the NIXI DII, a general term, which seems to have
sides of the river at the city, and also threw a been applied by the Romans to those divinities
bridge across the river. He also relates that she who were beliered to assist women at the time
was buried above one of the city gates, and that when they were giving birth to a child. (Quos
her tomb was opened by Dareius. (Herod. i. 185– putabant praesidere parientium nixibus, Fest. p.
189. ) Who this Nitocris was has occasioned great 175, ed. Müller ; 0v. Met. ix. 294 ; Nonius, p.
dispute among modern writers, and is as uncertain 57. ) Before the cella of Minerva, on the Capitol,
as almost all other points connected with the early there were three statues, which were designated as
history of the East. Since Herodotus (i. 185) | Dii Nixi.
(L. S. ]
speaks of her as queen, shortly after the capture of NOBI’LIOR, the name of a family of the ple-
Ninus or Nineveh by the Medes, which is placed beian Fulvia gens. This family was originally called
in B. c. 606, it is supposed by most modern writers Paetinus (PAETINUS), and the name of Nobilior
that she was the wife of Nebuchadnezzar, who seems to have been first assumed by the consul of
began to reign in B. C. 604, and the mother or B. C. 255 (see below, No. 1), to indicate that he
grandmother of Labynetus or Belshazzar, the last was more noble than any others of this name. His
king of Babylon. See Clinton, F. H. vol. i. p. 278, descendants dropped the name of Paetinus, and
note f, who brings forward some other arguments retained only that of Nobilior.
in support of this opinion.
1. Ser. FULVIUS M. F. M. N. PAETINUS No-
2. A queen of wypt. Herodotus relates that she BILIOR, was consul B. c. 255, with M. Aemilius
was a native Egyptian, and the only female of the 330 Paullus about the middle of the first Punic war.
Egyptian monarchs whose names were read to the In the beginning of this year Regulus had been de-
historian by the priests from a papyrus manuscript. feated in Africa by the Carthaginians, and the re-
He further tells us that she was elected to the sove- mains of his army were besieged in Clypea. As
reignty in place of her brother, whom the Egyptians soon as the senate heard of this disaster they sent
had killed, and that she devised the following both consuls with a fleet of at least three hundred
scheme in order to take revenge upon the mur- ships, to bring off the survivors. After reducing
derers of her brother. She built a very long Cossura the Romans met the Carthaginian fleet near
chamber under ground, and when it was finished the Hermaean promontory, and gained a most
invited to a banquet in it those of the Egyptians brilliant victory over it. The loss of the Car-
who had had a principal share in the murder. thaginians was very great, though the numbers are
While they were engaged in the banquet she let differently stated, and are evidently corrupt in
in upon them the waters of the Nile by means of Polybius. After the victory the consuls landed at
a large concealed pipe and drowned them all, and Clypea, but did not remain long in Africa on
then, in order to escape punishment, threw herself account of the complete want of provisions. As it
into a chamber full of ashes. (Herod. ii. 100. ) was near the summer solstice, in the month of July,
This Nitocris appears to have been one of the when the Ronians set out homewards, the pilots
most celebrated personages in Egyptian legends. cautioned them to avoid the southern coast of Sicily,
Even in the times of the Roman emperors we find as violent gales from the south and south-west
her name mentioned as one of the old heroines of make that coast very dangerous at that time of the
the East, as we see from the way in which she is year. The consuls, however, disregarded their
spoken of by Dion Cassius, and the emperor Julian, warning; and off Camarina they were surprised by
TC)
age of the Perzs
Garies (11. .
CP
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was barried
ter, andando
## p. 1206 (#1222) ##########################################
1206
NOBILIOR.
NOBILIOR.
a fearful storm, which destroyed almost the whole Fulvius, in his censorship, erected a temple to
fleet, and strewed the coast from Camarina to Pa- | Hercules and the Muses in the Circus Flaminius,
chynus with wrecks and corpses. Both consuls, as a proof that the state ought to cultivate the
however, escaped, and celebrated a triumph as pro- liberal arts, and adorned it with the paintings and
consuls in the following year (Polyb. i. 36, 37 ; statues which he had brought from Greece upon his
Eutrop. ii. 22 ; Oros. iv. 9 ; Diod. xxiii. 14; conquest of Aetolin. He also set up Fasti in this
Zonar. viii. 14). Respecting the date of this cam- temple, which are referred to by Macrobius. (Cic.
paign, see Niebuhr, Ilist. of Rome, vol. iii. p. 591, pro Arch. loc. ; Plin. H. N. xxxv. 10. s. 36. § 4 ;
and Arnold, Hist. of Rome, vol. ii. p. 593. n. 67. Eumenius, Orat. pro Scholis Instaurund. 7. $ 3;
2. M. Fulvius M. F. SER. N. Nobilior, grand- Macrob. Saturn. i. 12. ) He left behind him two
son of the preceding, was curule aedile B. c. 195, sons, both of whom obtained the consulship. (Nos.
and praetor B. c. 193, when he obtained Further 3 and 4. ) His brother, by his mother's side, was
Spain as his province, with the title of proconsul. C. Valerius Laevinus, who accompanied him in his
He remained in this country two years, and fought Actolian campaign (Polyb. xxii. 12), and who was
with great success against the nations that still consul in B. c. 176.
resisted the Roman supremacy. He gained a 3. M. Fulvius M. f. M. N. NOBILIOR, son of
victory over the united forces of the Vaccaei, Tec-No. 2, was tribune of the plebs B. c. 171 (Liv. xlii.
tones, and Celtiberi, near the town of 'Toletum / 32), curule aedile B. c. 160, the year in which the
(Toledo), and took their king, Hilermus, prisoner. Andria of Terence was performed (Tit. Andr.
He then obtained possession of the town of Tole. Terent. ), and consul B. c. 159, with Cn. Cornelius
tum, which is the first time that this place is men-Dolabella. Of the events of his consulship we
tioned in history. On his return to Rome in B. C. have no records ; but as the triumphal fasti assign
191 he was granted the honour of an ovation. him a triumph in the following year over the
(Liv. xxxiii. 42, xxxiv. 54, 55, xxxv. 7, 22, Eleates, a Ligurian people, he must have carried on
xxxvi. 2), 39. ) In B. C. 189 he was consul with war in Liguria.
M. Fulvius Nobilior, and received the conduct of 4. Q. Fulvius M. f. M. N. NOBiLion, son of
the war against the Aetolians. He captured the No. 2, was consul B. C. 153 with T. Annius
strong town of Ambracia, and then compelled the Luscus. Livy mentions (xxxix. 44) a Q. Fulvius
Aetolians to sue for peace, which was granted Nobilior who was appointed in B. c. 184 one of the
them on favourable terms. Shortly afterwards he triumviri for founding the colonies of Potentia and
obliged the island of Cephallenia, which had been Pisaurum ; and as Cicero says (Brut. 20) that Q.
excluded from the terms of the peace, to submit to Nobilior, the son of the conqueror of the Aetolians,
the dominion of Rome. He remained in his pro- was a triumvir coloniae deducendae, though he does
vince for the next year as proconsul ; and on his not mention the name of the colony, it would seem
return to Rome, in B. c. 187, celebrated a most that the Q. Nobilior mentioned by Livy is the
splendid triumph. In the following year he ex- same as the one referred to by Cicero. But there
hibited for ten successive days the games which he are two objections to this natural conclusion: in
had vowed in the Aetolian war, and which were the first place, it is exceedingly unlikely, and quite
the most magnificent that had yet been seen at contrary to Roman practice, that such important
Rome. There were renationes of lions and pan- duties as were involved in the foundation of a
thers; and contests of athletae were now for the colony should have been entrusted to a person so
first time exhibited in the city.
The conquest of young as Q. Nobilior must have been at that time,
Aetolia by this consul is also commemorated in the since he did not obtain the consulship for thirty-
inscription of a statue discovered at Tusculum, one years afterwards ; and in the second place, the
from which place the Fulvii originally came. [Ful- Q. Fulvius M. f. who, says Livy (xl. 42), was
via Gens. ] (Polyb. xxii. 8–15; Liv. xxxvii. 47, elected triumvir epulo in B. C. 180, while still a boy
48, 50, xxxviii. 3–11, 28, 30, 35, xxxix. 4, 5, 22; (praetextatus), can hardly mean any one else than
Aurel. Vict. de Vir. Ill. 52 ; Orelli, Inscr. No. the son of the great M. Fulvius whose name occurs
562. ) In B. c. 179 he was censor with M. Aemi- so often in that part of the historian's writings.
lius Lepidus, the pontifex maximus. The two A consideration of dates will make it almost certain
censors had previously been at feud, but were re- that this Q. Fulvius M. f. must be the same as the
conciled to one another upon their election, and consul of B. c. 153; for supposing him to have
discharged the duties of their office with unani- been sixteen when he was enrolled in the college
mity and concord. They executed many public of the epulones, he would have been forty-three
works, which are mentioned by Livy. (Liv. xl. when he was elected consul, the age at which a
45, 46, 51, xli. 2 ; Val. Max. iv. 2. & 1; Cic. de citizen could first obtain this honour. We there-
Prov. Cons. 9. )
fore conclude that the Q. Nobilior who was tri-
Fulvius Nobilior had a taste for literature and umvir in B. c. 184 must be a different person froin
art; he was a patron of the poet Ennius, who ac- the consul of 153.
companied bim in his Aetolian campaign ; and he The consuls of the year B. c. 153 entered upon
belonged to that party among the Roman nobles their office on the kalends of January, whereas up
who were introducing into the city a taste for to this time the ides of March had been the day on
Greek literature and refinement. He was, there which they took possession of their dignity. The
fore, an object of the attacks of Cato the Censor, formidable revolt of the Celtiberians is given as the
who actually reproached him with having taken reason of this alteration ; but whatever may have
Ennius with him into Aetolia, and insinuated that been the cause, the kalends of January continued
he was corrupting the old Roman discipline by from this time forth to be the first day of the con-
bestowing military crowns upon the soldiers for sular year. (Cassiodorus and Marianus, Chron. ;
trivial reasons. Cato also made merry with his Liv. Epit. 47, refers to this change, but the words
name, calling him mobilior instead of nobilior. (Cic. are not intelligible as they stand. See the notes in
Tusc. i. 2, Brut. 20, pro Arch. 11, de Orat. iii. 63. ) | Drakenborcli's edition. ) Since the conquest of the
## p. 1207 (#1223) ##########################################
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NOMIA.
NONIANUS.
1207
Celtiberians, in B. c. 179, by Gracchus, the father whom mount Nomia, near Lycosura in Arcadin,
of the celebrated tribunes, this warlike nation had was believed to have derived its name. (Paus. viii.
given the Romans no trouble, which, however, was 38. $ 8, x. 31. & 2. )
(L. S. ]
more owing to the wise regulations of Gracchus, NOMIUS (Noulos), a surname of divinities
after his victories, than to the victories themselves. protecting the pastures and shepherds, such as
But in consequence of the Romans suspecting the Apollo, Pan, Hermes, and Ariståeus. (Aristoph.
Celtiberian town of Segida or Segeda, they em- Thesmoph. 983 ; Anthol. Palat. ix. 217; Callim.
barked in a war against the whole nation, which llymn. in Apoll. 47. )
[L. S. )
was not brought to a conclusion till B. C. 134, by NOMOS (Nópos), a personification of law, de-
the capture of Numantia by Scipio. Fulvius was scribed as the ruler of gods and men. (Pind.
sent into Spain in his consulship with an army of Fraym. 151, p. 640, ed. Buckh ; Plat. Gorg. p.
nearly 30,000 men, but was very unsuccessful. 484, b. ; Orph. llymin. 63. )
(L. S. )
He was first defeated by the enemy under the NONACRIS (Novakpus), the wife of Lycaon,
command of a native of Segida, called Carus, with from whom the town of Nonacris in Arcadia was
a loss of 6000 men, on the day of the Vulcanalin, believed to have derived its name. (laus. viii. 17.
or the 23d of August; and the misfortune was $ 5. ) From this town Hermes and Evander are
looked upon as so severe, that no Roman general called Nonacriates and Nonacrius, in the general
would afterwards fight on that day unless com- sense of Arcadian. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Nuvarpus;
pelled. Fulvius retrieved, however, to some extent, Ov. Fast. v. 97. )
(L. S. )
the disaster, by an attack of the Roman cavalry, NONIA GENS, plebeian. Persons of this
who checked the conquerors in their pursuit, and naine are not mentioned till the very end of the
slew Carus and a considerable number of his troops. republic, but occur frequently under the early
Shortly afterwards the consul received from Masi- emperors. The principal cognomens of the Nonii
nissa à reinforcement of Numidian cavalry and are ASPRENAS, Balbus, GALLUS, QUINCTILIANUS,
some elephants; and the latter caused such terror and SUFENAS, or SUFFENAS; but as one or two
in the enemy, that they fled before the Romans, persons of the name of Asprenas are omitted under
and shut themselves up in the town of Numantia. that head, they are given below under Nonius.
But under the walls of this place Fulvius expe- The only cognomens which occur on coins are
rienced a new disaster: a restive elephant, whose Quinctilianus and Sufenas.
example was imitated by his companions, threw NONIANUS, CONSI'DIUS. There were
the Roman army into confusion ; and the Celtibe- two persons of this name who espoused Pompey's
rians, availing themselves of this circumstance, party in the civil war, and who are spoken of
sallied from the town, siew 4000 Romans, and under ConsidiUS, Nos. 8 and 9. The annexed
captured their elephants. After meeting with one coin, however, seems to refer to neither of them.
or two other repulses, Fulvius closed his inglorious It bears on the obverse the head of Venus, with
campaign, and retired to winter-quarters, where C. CONSIDI NONIANI ; and, on the reverse, a temple
many of the troops perished of hunger and cold. on the top of a mountain, on which is written,
He was succeeded in the command by Claudius ERVC. , the mountain itself being surrounded with
Marcellus, the consul of the next year. (Appian, fortifications. The coins seem to refer to the
Hisp. 45–47; Polyb. xxxv. 4. )
temple of Venus at Eryx, in Sicily, which was
Fulvius was censor in B. c. 136. (Fasti Capit. ) probably repaired by this C. Considius Nonianus,
Cicero tells us that he inherited his father's love at the command of the senate.
for literature, and that he presented the poet En-
nius with the Roman franchise when he was a
Il
triumvir for founding a colony (Cic. Brut. 20).
5. M. Fulvius NOBILIOR, tribune of the sol-
diers, B. c. 180, and described as a brother of Q.
Fulvius, was probably brother of the Quintus who
was triumvir coloniae deducendae in B. C. 184.
See the beginning of No. 4. (Liv. xl
. 41. ).
6. M. FULVIUS Nobilior is mentioned by Sal-
COIN OF C. CONSIDIUS NONIANUS.
lust (Cat. 17) as one of Catiline's conspirators.
He is perhaps the same as the M. Fulvius Nobilior NONIANUS, M. SERVI'LIUS, was consul
who was condemned in B. c. 54, but for what crime A. D. 35, with C.
Jon, mentioned by Herodotus, who ascribes to her let into it, as the water of the river does not rise
many important works at Babylon and its vicinity. high enough for the purpose. (Bunsen, Aegyptens
According to his account she changed the course of Stelle in der Weltgeschichte, vol. ii. pp. 236—242. )
the river above Babylon, built up with bricks the NIXI DII, a general term, which seems to have
sides of the river at the city, and also threw a been applied by the Romans to those divinities
bridge across the river. He also relates that she who were beliered to assist women at the time
was buried above one of the city gates, and that when they were giving birth to a child. (Quos
her tomb was opened by Dareius. (Herod. i. 185– putabant praesidere parientium nixibus, Fest. p.
189. ) Who this Nitocris was has occasioned great 175, ed. Müller ; 0v. Met. ix. 294 ; Nonius, p.
dispute among modern writers, and is as uncertain 57. ) Before the cella of Minerva, on the Capitol,
as almost all other points connected with the early there were three statues, which were designated as
history of the East. Since Herodotus (i. 185) | Dii Nixi.
(L. S. ]
speaks of her as queen, shortly after the capture of NOBI’LIOR, the name of a family of the ple-
Ninus or Nineveh by the Medes, which is placed beian Fulvia gens. This family was originally called
in B. c. 606, it is supposed by most modern writers Paetinus (PAETINUS), and the name of Nobilior
that she was the wife of Nebuchadnezzar, who seems to have been first assumed by the consul of
began to reign in B. C. 604, and the mother or B. C. 255 (see below, No. 1), to indicate that he
grandmother of Labynetus or Belshazzar, the last was more noble than any others of this name. His
king of Babylon. See Clinton, F. H. vol. i. p. 278, descendants dropped the name of Paetinus, and
note f, who brings forward some other arguments retained only that of Nobilior.
in support of this opinion.
1. Ser. FULVIUS M. F. M. N. PAETINUS No-
2. A queen of wypt. Herodotus relates that she BILIOR, was consul B. c. 255, with M. Aemilius
was a native Egyptian, and the only female of the 330 Paullus about the middle of the first Punic war.
Egyptian monarchs whose names were read to the In the beginning of this year Regulus had been de-
historian by the priests from a papyrus manuscript. feated in Africa by the Carthaginians, and the re-
He further tells us that she was elected to the sove- mains of his army were besieged in Clypea. As
reignty in place of her brother, whom the Egyptians soon as the senate heard of this disaster they sent
had killed, and that she devised the following both consuls with a fleet of at least three hundred
scheme in order to take revenge upon the mur- ships, to bring off the survivors. After reducing
derers of her brother. She built a very long Cossura the Romans met the Carthaginian fleet near
chamber under ground, and when it was finished the Hermaean promontory, and gained a most
invited to a banquet in it those of the Egyptians brilliant victory over it. The loss of the Car-
who had had a principal share in the murder. thaginians was very great, though the numbers are
While they were engaged in the banquet she let differently stated, and are evidently corrupt in
in upon them the waters of the Nile by means of Polybius. After the victory the consuls landed at
a large concealed pipe and drowned them all, and Clypea, but did not remain long in Africa on
then, in order to escape punishment, threw herself account of the complete want of provisions. As it
into a chamber full of ashes. (Herod. ii. 100. ) was near the summer solstice, in the month of July,
This Nitocris appears to have been one of the when the Ronians set out homewards, the pilots
most celebrated personages in Egyptian legends. cautioned them to avoid the southern coast of Sicily,
Even in the times of the Roman emperors we find as violent gales from the south and south-west
her name mentioned as one of the old heroines of make that coast very dangerous at that time of the
the East, as we see from the way in which she is year. The consuls, however, disregarded their
spoken of by Dion Cassius, and the emperor Julian, warning; and off Camarina they were surprised by
TC)
age of the Perzs
Garies (11. .
CP
A son of C:2sused
,bas E
et see is a
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lit:, HE
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c'ex ad essere
us ar facial
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8; Schal a Eur
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was barried
ter, andando
## p. 1206 (#1222) ##########################################
1206
NOBILIOR.
NOBILIOR.
a fearful storm, which destroyed almost the whole Fulvius, in his censorship, erected a temple to
fleet, and strewed the coast from Camarina to Pa- | Hercules and the Muses in the Circus Flaminius,
chynus with wrecks and corpses. Both consuls, as a proof that the state ought to cultivate the
however, escaped, and celebrated a triumph as pro- liberal arts, and adorned it with the paintings and
consuls in the following year (Polyb. i. 36, 37 ; statues which he had brought from Greece upon his
Eutrop. ii. 22 ; Oros. iv. 9 ; Diod. xxiii. 14; conquest of Aetolin. He also set up Fasti in this
Zonar. viii. 14). Respecting the date of this cam- temple, which are referred to by Macrobius. (Cic.
paign, see Niebuhr, Ilist. of Rome, vol. iii. p. 591, pro Arch. loc. ; Plin. H. N. xxxv. 10. s. 36. § 4 ;
and Arnold, Hist. of Rome, vol. ii. p. 593. n. 67. Eumenius, Orat. pro Scholis Instaurund. 7. $ 3;
2. M. Fulvius M. F. SER. N. Nobilior, grand- Macrob. Saturn. i. 12. ) He left behind him two
son of the preceding, was curule aedile B. c. 195, sons, both of whom obtained the consulship. (Nos.
and praetor B. c. 193, when he obtained Further 3 and 4. ) His brother, by his mother's side, was
Spain as his province, with the title of proconsul. C. Valerius Laevinus, who accompanied him in his
He remained in this country two years, and fought Actolian campaign (Polyb. xxii. 12), and who was
with great success against the nations that still consul in B. c. 176.
resisted the Roman supremacy. He gained a 3. M. Fulvius M. f. M. N. NOBILIOR, son of
victory over the united forces of the Vaccaei, Tec-No. 2, was tribune of the plebs B. c. 171 (Liv. xlii.
tones, and Celtiberi, near the town of 'Toletum / 32), curule aedile B. c. 160, the year in which the
(Toledo), and took their king, Hilermus, prisoner. Andria of Terence was performed (Tit. Andr.
He then obtained possession of the town of Tole. Terent. ), and consul B. c. 159, with Cn. Cornelius
tum, which is the first time that this place is men-Dolabella. Of the events of his consulship we
tioned in history. On his return to Rome in B. C. have no records ; but as the triumphal fasti assign
191 he was granted the honour of an ovation. him a triumph in the following year over the
(Liv. xxxiii. 42, xxxiv. 54, 55, xxxv. 7, 22, Eleates, a Ligurian people, he must have carried on
xxxvi. 2), 39. ) In B. C. 189 he was consul with war in Liguria.
M. Fulvius Nobilior, and received the conduct of 4. Q. Fulvius M. f. M. N. NOBiLion, son of
the war against the Aetolians. He captured the No. 2, was consul B. C. 153 with T. Annius
strong town of Ambracia, and then compelled the Luscus. Livy mentions (xxxix. 44) a Q. Fulvius
Aetolians to sue for peace, which was granted Nobilior who was appointed in B. c. 184 one of the
them on favourable terms. Shortly afterwards he triumviri for founding the colonies of Potentia and
obliged the island of Cephallenia, which had been Pisaurum ; and as Cicero says (Brut. 20) that Q.
excluded from the terms of the peace, to submit to Nobilior, the son of the conqueror of the Aetolians,
the dominion of Rome. He remained in his pro- was a triumvir coloniae deducendae, though he does
vince for the next year as proconsul ; and on his not mention the name of the colony, it would seem
return to Rome, in B. c. 187, celebrated a most that the Q. Nobilior mentioned by Livy is the
splendid triumph. In the following year he ex- same as the one referred to by Cicero. But there
hibited for ten successive days the games which he are two objections to this natural conclusion: in
had vowed in the Aetolian war, and which were the first place, it is exceedingly unlikely, and quite
the most magnificent that had yet been seen at contrary to Roman practice, that such important
Rome. There were renationes of lions and pan- duties as were involved in the foundation of a
thers; and contests of athletae were now for the colony should have been entrusted to a person so
first time exhibited in the city.
The conquest of young as Q. Nobilior must have been at that time,
Aetolia by this consul is also commemorated in the since he did not obtain the consulship for thirty-
inscription of a statue discovered at Tusculum, one years afterwards ; and in the second place, the
from which place the Fulvii originally came. [Ful- Q. Fulvius M. f. who, says Livy (xl. 42), was
via Gens. ] (Polyb. xxii. 8–15; Liv. xxxvii. 47, elected triumvir epulo in B. C. 180, while still a boy
48, 50, xxxviii. 3–11, 28, 30, 35, xxxix. 4, 5, 22; (praetextatus), can hardly mean any one else than
Aurel. Vict. de Vir. Ill. 52 ; Orelli, Inscr. No. the son of the great M. Fulvius whose name occurs
562. ) In B. c. 179 he was censor with M. Aemi- so often in that part of the historian's writings.
lius Lepidus, the pontifex maximus. The two A consideration of dates will make it almost certain
censors had previously been at feud, but were re- that this Q. Fulvius M. f. must be the same as the
conciled to one another upon their election, and consul of B. c. 153; for supposing him to have
discharged the duties of their office with unani- been sixteen when he was enrolled in the college
mity and concord. They executed many public of the epulones, he would have been forty-three
works, which are mentioned by Livy. (Liv. xl. when he was elected consul, the age at which a
45, 46, 51, xli. 2 ; Val. Max. iv. 2. & 1; Cic. de citizen could first obtain this honour. We there-
Prov. Cons. 9. )
fore conclude that the Q. Nobilior who was tri-
Fulvius Nobilior had a taste for literature and umvir in B. c. 184 must be a different person froin
art; he was a patron of the poet Ennius, who ac- the consul of 153.
companied bim in his Aetolian campaign ; and he The consuls of the year B. c. 153 entered upon
belonged to that party among the Roman nobles their office on the kalends of January, whereas up
who were introducing into the city a taste for to this time the ides of March had been the day on
Greek literature and refinement. He was, there which they took possession of their dignity. The
fore, an object of the attacks of Cato the Censor, formidable revolt of the Celtiberians is given as the
who actually reproached him with having taken reason of this alteration ; but whatever may have
Ennius with him into Aetolia, and insinuated that been the cause, the kalends of January continued
he was corrupting the old Roman discipline by from this time forth to be the first day of the con-
bestowing military crowns upon the soldiers for sular year. (Cassiodorus and Marianus, Chron. ;
trivial reasons. Cato also made merry with his Liv. Epit. 47, refers to this change, but the words
name, calling him mobilior instead of nobilior. (Cic. are not intelligible as they stand. See the notes in
Tusc. i. 2, Brut. 20, pro Arch. 11, de Orat. iii. 63. ) | Drakenborcli's edition. ) Since the conquest of the
## p. 1207 (#1223) ##########################################
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NOMIA.
NONIANUS.
1207
Celtiberians, in B. c. 179, by Gracchus, the father whom mount Nomia, near Lycosura in Arcadin,
of the celebrated tribunes, this warlike nation had was believed to have derived its name. (Paus. viii.
given the Romans no trouble, which, however, was 38. $ 8, x. 31. & 2. )
(L. S. ]
more owing to the wise regulations of Gracchus, NOMIUS (Noulos), a surname of divinities
after his victories, than to the victories themselves. protecting the pastures and shepherds, such as
But in consequence of the Romans suspecting the Apollo, Pan, Hermes, and Ariståeus. (Aristoph.
Celtiberian town of Segida or Segeda, they em- Thesmoph. 983 ; Anthol. Palat. ix. 217; Callim.
barked in a war against the whole nation, which llymn. in Apoll. 47. )
[L. S. )
was not brought to a conclusion till B. C. 134, by NOMOS (Nópos), a personification of law, de-
the capture of Numantia by Scipio. Fulvius was scribed as the ruler of gods and men. (Pind.
sent into Spain in his consulship with an army of Fraym. 151, p. 640, ed. Buckh ; Plat. Gorg. p.
nearly 30,000 men, but was very unsuccessful. 484, b. ; Orph. llymin. 63. )
(L. S. )
He was first defeated by the enemy under the NONACRIS (Novakpus), the wife of Lycaon,
command of a native of Segida, called Carus, with from whom the town of Nonacris in Arcadia was
a loss of 6000 men, on the day of the Vulcanalin, believed to have derived its name. (laus. viii. 17.
or the 23d of August; and the misfortune was $ 5. ) From this town Hermes and Evander are
looked upon as so severe, that no Roman general called Nonacriates and Nonacrius, in the general
would afterwards fight on that day unless com- sense of Arcadian. (Steph. Byz. s. v. Nuvarpus;
pelled. Fulvius retrieved, however, to some extent, Ov. Fast. v. 97. )
(L. S. )
the disaster, by an attack of the Roman cavalry, NONIA GENS, plebeian. Persons of this
who checked the conquerors in their pursuit, and naine are not mentioned till the very end of the
slew Carus and a considerable number of his troops. republic, but occur frequently under the early
Shortly afterwards the consul received from Masi- emperors. The principal cognomens of the Nonii
nissa à reinforcement of Numidian cavalry and are ASPRENAS, Balbus, GALLUS, QUINCTILIANUS,
some elephants; and the latter caused such terror and SUFENAS, or SUFFENAS; but as one or two
in the enemy, that they fled before the Romans, persons of the name of Asprenas are omitted under
and shut themselves up in the town of Numantia. that head, they are given below under Nonius.
But under the walls of this place Fulvius expe- The only cognomens which occur on coins are
rienced a new disaster: a restive elephant, whose Quinctilianus and Sufenas.
example was imitated by his companions, threw NONIANUS, CONSI'DIUS. There were
the Roman army into confusion ; and the Celtibe- two persons of this name who espoused Pompey's
rians, availing themselves of this circumstance, party in the civil war, and who are spoken of
sallied from the town, siew 4000 Romans, and under ConsidiUS, Nos. 8 and 9. The annexed
captured their elephants. After meeting with one coin, however, seems to refer to neither of them.
or two other repulses, Fulvius closed his inglorious It bears on the obverse the head of Venus, with
campaign, and retired to winter-quarters, where C. CONSIDI NONIANI ; and, on the reverse, a temple
many of the troops perished of hunger and cold. on the top of a mountain, on which is written,
He was succeeded in the command by Claudius ERVC. , the mountain itself being surrounded with
Marcellus, the consul of the next year. (Appian, fortifications. The coins seem to refer to the
Hisp. 45–47; Polyb. xxxv. 4. )
temple of Venus at Eryx, in Sicily, which was
Fulvius was censor in B. c. 136. (Fasti Capit. ) probably repaired by this C. Considius Nonianus,
Cicero tells us that he inherited his father's love at the command of the senate.
for literature, and that he presented the poet En-
nius with the Roman franchise when he was a
Il
triumvir for founding a colony (Cic. Brut. 20).
5. M. Fulvius NOBILIOR, tribune of the sol-
diers, B. c. 180, and described as a brother of Q.
Fulvius, was probably brother of the Quintus who
was triumvir coloniae deducendae in B. C. 184.
See the beginning of No. 4. (Liv. xl
. 41. ).
6. M. FULVIUS Nobilior is mentioned by Sal-
COIN OF C. CONSIDIUS NONIANUS.
lust (Cat. 17) as one of Catiline's conspirators.
He is perhaps the same as the M. Fulvius Nobilior NONIANUS, M. SERVI'LIUS, was consul
who was condemned in B. c. 54, but for what crime A. D. 35, with C.
