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For the first few centuries after Poland asserted
herself, in 964, as an organized State, the low level
of culture and the rule of the sword, necessitated
by the constant warfare on the eastern frontier
and the bitter struggle against the German preda-
tory in the west, created an atmosphere
in which literary propensities met with little en-
couragement.
For the first few centuries after Poland asserted
herself, in 964, as an organized State, the low level
of culture and the rule of the sword, necessitated
by the constant warfare on the eastern frontier
and the bitter struggle against the German preda-
tory in the west, created an atmosphere
in which literary propensities met with little en-
couragement.
Poland - 1911 - An Outline of the History of Polish Literature
