In this of
Liegnitz
all he could do was to keep the
Deed, in steady protest silent or vocal.
Deed, in steady protest silent or vocal.
Thomas Carlyle
J03.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. ] KURFttaST JOACHIM n. 327
1548.
carriage in this and other such matters, had at length
kindled a new War round him; and he then soon found
himself reduced to extremities again; chased to the
Tyrol Mountains, and obliged to comply with many
things. New War, of quite other emphasis and manage-
ment than the Schmalkaldic one; managed by Elector
Moritz and our poor friend Albert Alcibiades as princi-
pals. A Kaiser chased into the mountains, capable of
being seized by a little spurring; -- "Capture him? "
said Albert. "I have no cage big enough for such a
bird! " answered Moritz; and the Kaiser was let run.
How he ran then towards Treaty of Passau (1552),
towards Siege of Metz and other sad conclusions, "Ab-
dication" the finale of them: these also are known
phases in the Reformation-History, as hinted at above. Here at Halle, in the year 1547, the great Kaiser,
with Protestantism manacled at his feet, and many
things going prosperous, was at his culminating point.
He published his Interim (1548, What you troublesome
Protestants are to do, in the mean time, while the
Council of Trent is sitting, and till it and I decide for
you); and in short, drove and reined-in the Reich with
a high hand and a sharp whip, for the time being.
Troublesome Protestants mostly rejected the Interim;
Moritz and Alcibiades, with France in the rear of them,
took to arms in that way; took to ransoming fat
Bishoprics (" Verbum Diaboli Manet" we know where! );
-- took to chasing Kaisers into the mountains; -- and
times came soon round again. In all these latter broils
Kurftirst Joachim H. , deeply interested, as we may
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 328 THE HOHENZOLLERNS IN BRANDENBURG. [BOOK III.
1516-1551
fancy, strove to keep quiet; and to prevail, by weight
of influence and wise counsel, rather than by fighting
with his Kaiser.
One sad little anecdote I recollect of Joachim: an
Accident, which happened in those Passau-Interim days,
a year or two after that drawing of the sword on Alba.
Kurfurst Joachim unfortunately once fell through a
staircase, in that time; being, as I guess, a heavy man.
It was in the Castle of Grimnitz, one of his many
Castles, a spacious enough old Hunting-seat, the repairs
of which had not been well attended to. The good
Herr, weighty of foot, was leading down his Electress
to dinner one day in this Schloss of Grimnitz; broad
stair climbs round a grand Hall, hung with stag-tro-
phies, groups of weapons, and the like hall-furniture.
An unlucky timber yielded; yawning chasm in the stair-
case; Joachim and his good Princess sank by gravi-
tation; Joachim to the floor with little hurt; his poor
Princess (horrible to think of), being next the wall,
came upon the stag-horns and boar-spears down be-
low! "* The poor Lady's hurt was indescribable: she
walked lame all the rest of her days; and Joachim, I
hope (hope, but not with confidence),** loved her all
the better for it. This unfortunate old Schloss of Grim-
nitz, some thirty miles northward of Berlin, was, -- by
the Eighth Kurfurst, Joachim Friedrich, Grandson of
this one, with great renown to himself and to it, --
converted into an Endowed High School: the famed
Joachimsthal Gymnasium, still famed, though now under
* Paoli, 111. 112. ** lb. iii. 194.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. ] KURFtjRST JOACHIM II. 329
1568.
some change of circumstances, and removed to Berlin
itself. *
Joachim's first Wife, from whom descend the fol-
lowing Kurfursts, was a daughter of that Duke George
of Saxony, Luther's celebrated friend, "If it rained
Duke-Georges nine days running. "
Joachim gets Co-infeftment in Preussen.
This second Wife, she of the accident at Grimnitz,
was Hedwig, King Sigismund of Poland's daughter;
which connexion, it is thought, helped Joachim well
in getting what they call the Mitbelehnung of Preussen
(for it was he that achieved this point) from King
Sigismund.
Mitbelehnung (Co-infeftment) in Preussen; -- whereby
is solemnly acknowledged the right of Joachim and his
Posterity to the reversion of Preussen, should the Culm-
bach Line of Duke Albert happen to fail. It was a
thing Joachim long strove for; till at length his Father-
in-law did, some twenty years hence, concede it him. **
Should Albert's Line fail, then, the other Culmbachers
get Preussen; should the Culmbachers all fail, the Ber-
lin Brandenburgers get it. The Culmbachers are at
this time rather scarce of heirs: poor Alcibiades died
childless, as we know, and Casimir's Line is extinct;
* NIcolai, p. 728.
** Date, Lublin, 19th July 1568: Pauli, tii. 177-179, 193; Bentsch, p. 457;
Stenzel, 1. 841-342.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 330 THE HOHENZOLLERNS IN BRANDENBURG. [BOOK in.
Duke Albert himself has left only one Son, who now
succeeds in Preussen; still young, and not of the best
omens. Margraf George the Pious, he left only George
Friedrich; an excellent man, who is now prosperous in
the world, and wedded long since, but has no children.
So that, between Joachim's Line and Preussen there
are only two intermediate heirs; -- and it was a thing
eminently worth looking after. Nor has it wanted that.
And so Kurfurst Joachim, almost at the end of his
course, has now made sure of it
.
Joachim makes "Heritage-Brotherhood' with the Duke of
Liegnitz.
Another feat of like nature Joachim II. had long
ago achieved; which likewise in the longrun proved
important in his Family, and in the History of the
world: an "Erbverbruderung" so they term it, with the
Duke of Liegnitz, -- date 1537. ErbverbrUderung
("Heritage-Brotherhood," meaning Covenant to succeed
reciprocally on Failure of Heirs to either), had in all
times been a common paction among German Princes
well affected to each other. Friedrich II. the then
Duke of Liegnitz, we have transiently seen, was related
to the Family; he had been extremely helpful in bring-
ing his young friend Albert of Preussen's affairs to a
good issue, -- whose Niece, withal, he had wedded:
-- in fact he was a close friend of this our Joachim's;
and there had long been a growing connexion between
the two Houses, by intermarriages and good offices.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. J KtJRFteST JOACHIM Et. 331
18th Ootober 1537.
The Dukes of Liegnitz were Sovereign-Princes, come
of the old Piasts of Poland; and had perfect right to
enter into this transaction of an Erbverbruderung with
whom they liked. True, they had, above two-hundred
years before, in the days of King Johann Ich-Dien
(A. d. 1329), voluntarily constituted themselves Vassals
of the Crown of Bohemia;* but the right to dispose of
their Lands as they pleased had, all along, been care-
fully acknowledged, and saved entire. And, so late as
1521, just sixteen years ago, the Bohemian King
Vladislaus the Last, our good Margraf George's friend,
had expressly, in a Deed still extant, confirmed to
them, with all the emphasis and amplitude that Law-
Phraseology could bring to bear upon it, the right to
dispose of said Lands in any manner of way: "by
"written testament, or by verbal on their death-bed,
"they can, as they see wisest, give away, sell, pawn,
"dispose of, and exchange (vergeben, verkaufen, ver-
"setzen, verschaffen, verwechseln) these said lands," to
all lengths, and with all manner of freedom. Which
privilege had likewise been confirmed, twice over
(1522,1524), by Ludwig the next King, Ludwig Ohne-
Haut, who perished in the bogs of Mohacz, and ended
the native Line of Bohemian-Hungarian Kings. Nay,
Ferdinand, King of the Romans, Karl V. 's Brother,
afterwards Kaiser, who absorbed that Bohemian Crown
among the others, had himself, by implication, sanc-
tioned or admitted the privilege, in 1529, only eight
* Fauli, iii. 22.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 332 THE HOHENZOIXERNS IN BRANDENBURG. [book lit
1816-1552.
years ago. * The right to make the Erbverbruderung
could not seem doubtful to anybody.
And made accordingly it was; signed, sealed, drawn- out on the proper parchments, 18th October 1537; to
the following clear effect: "That if Duke Friedrich's
"Line should die out, all his Liegnitz countries, Liegnitz,
"Brieg, Wohlau, should fall to the Hohenzollern Bran-
"denburgers; and that, if the Line of Hohenzollern
"Brandenburg should first fail, then all and singular
"the Bohemian Fiefs of Brandenburg (as Crossen,
"Ziillichau and seven others there enumerated) should
"fall to the House of Liegnitz. " ** It seemed a clear
Paction, questionable by no mortal. Double-marriage
between the two Houses (eldest Son, on each side, to
suitable Princess on the other) was to follow; and did
follow, after some delays, 17th February 1545. So
that the matter seemed now complete; secure on all
points, and a matter of quiet satisfaction to both the
Houses and to their friends.
But Ferdinand, King of the Romans, King of
Bohemia and Hungary, and coming to be Emperor one
day, was not of that sentiment. Ferdinand had once
implicitly recognised the privilege, but Ferdinand, now
when he saw the privilege turned to use, and such a
territory as Liegnitz exposed to the possibility of falling
into inconvenient hands, explicitly took other thoughts;
and gradually determined to prohibit this Erbverbru-
derung. The States of Bohemia, accordingly, in 1544
(it is not doubtful, by Ferdinand's suggestion), were
>> Stenzol, i. 823. ** Steniel, i. 320.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? . CHaP. X. ] KTJRFIJRST JOACHIM IT. 333
Sell May 1546.
moved to make inquiries as to this Heritage-Fraternity
of Liegnitz. * On which hint King Ferdinand straight-
way informed the Duke of Liegnitz that the act was
not justifiable, and must be revoked. The Duke of
Liegnitz, grieved to the heart, had no means of re-
sisting. Ferdinand, King of the Romans, backed by
Kaiser Karl, with the States of Bohemia barking at his
wink, were too strong for poor Duke Friedrich of Lieg
nitz. Great corresponding between Berlin, Liegnitz, Prag
ensued on this matter: but the end was, a summons to
Duke Friedrich, -- summons from King Ferdinand, in
March 1546, "To appear in the Imperial Hall (Kaiser-
hof) at Breslau," and to submit that Deed of Erbver-
briiderung to the examination of the States there. The
States, already up to the affair, soon finished their
examination of it (8th May 1546). The Deed was an-
nihilated; and Friedrich was ordered, furthermore, to
produce proofs within six months that his subjects too
were absolved of all oaths or the like regarding it, and
that in fact the Transaction was entirely abolished and
reduced to zero. Friedrich complied, had to comply;
very much chagrined, he returned home; and died next
year, -- it is supposed, of heartbreak from this busi-
ness. He had yielded outwardly; but to force only. In
a Codicil appended to his last Will, some months after-
wards (which Will, written years ago, had treated the
Erbverbriiderung as a Fact settled), he indicates, as
with his last breath, that he considered the thing still
valid, though overruled by the hand of power. Let the
? Sternal, i. 822.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 334 THE HOHENZOLLERNS IN BHANDENBURG. [BOOK m.
1516-1552,
reader mark this matter; for it will assuredly become
memorable, one day.
The hand of power, namely, Ferdinand, King of
the Romans, had applied in like manner to Joachim of
Brandenburg to surrender his portion of the Deed, and
annihilate on his side too this Erbverbriiderung. But
Joachim refused steadily, and all his successors steadily,
to give up this Bit of Written Parchment; kept the
same, among their precious documents, against some
day that might come (and I suppose it lies in the
Archives of Berlin even now); silently, or in words,
asserting that the Deed of Heritage-Brothership was
good, and that though some hands might have the
power, no hand could have the right to abolish it on
those terms.
How King Ferdinand permitted himself such a pro-
cedure? Ferdinand, says one of his latest apologists
in this matter, "considered the privileges granted by
"his Predecessors, in respect to rights of Sovereignty,
"as fallen extinct on their death. "* Which, -- if
Reality and Fact would but likewise be so kind as
"consider" it so, -- was no doubt convenient for
Ferdinand!
Joachim was not so great with Ferdinand as he had
been with Charles the Imperial Brother. Joachim and
Ferdinand had many debates of this kind, some of them
rather stiff. Jagerndorf, for instance, and the Baireuth-
Anspach confiscations, in George Friedrich's minority: Ferdinand, now Kaiser, had snatched Jagerndorf from
* Stcnzel, i. 823.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. ] kubfObst JOACHIM II. 335
1571.
poor young George Friedrich, son of excellent Margraf
George whom we knew; "Part of the spoils of Albert
Alcibiades," thought Ferdinand, "and a good windfall,"
-- though young George Friedrich had merely been
the Ward of Cousin Alcibiades, and totally without
concern in those political explosions. "Excellent wind-
fall," thought Ferdinand; and held his grip. But
Joachim, in his weighty steady way, intervened;
Joachim, emphatic in the Diets and elsewhere, made
Ferdinand quit grip, and produce Jagerndorf again.
Jagerndorf and the rest had all to be restored; and,
except some filchings in the Jagerndorf-Appendages
(Ratibor and Oppeln, "restored" only in semblance,
and at length juggled away altogether), * everything
came to its right owner again. Nor would Joachim rest
till Alcibiades's Territories too were all punctually
given back, to this same George Friedrich; to whom,
by law and justice, they belonged. In these points
Joachim prevailed against a strong-handed Kaiser, apt
to "consider one's rights fallen extinct" now and then.
In this of Liegnitz all he could do was to keep the
Deed, in steady protest silent or vocal.
But enough now of Joachim Hector, Sixth Kurfurst,
and of his workings and his stragglings. He walked
through this world, treading as softly as might be, yet
with a strong weighty step; rending the jungle steadily
asunder; well seeing whither he was bound. Rather an
expensive Herr; built a good deal, completion of the
Schloss at Berlin one example;** and was not otherwise
* Bentsch, pp. 129, ISO. ** Nicolsi, p. 82.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 336 THE HOHENZOLIiERNS IN BRANDENBURG, [book ni.
1516-1552.
afraid of outlay, in the Reich's Politics, or in what
seemed needful: If there is a harvest ahead, even a
distant one, it is poor thrift to be stingy of your seed-
corn!
Joachim was always a conspicuous Public Man, a
busy Politician in theKeich; stanch to his kindred, and
by no means blind to himself or his own interests.
Stanch also, we must grant, and ever active, though
generally in a cautious, weighty, never in a rash swift
way, to the great Cause of Protestantism, and to all
good causes. He was himself a solemnly devout man;
deep awe-stricken reverence dwelling in his view of
this Universe. Most serious, though with a jocose
dialect commonly, having a cheerful wit in speaking to
men. Luther's Books he called his Seelenschatz (Soul's-
treasure); Luther and the Bible were his chief reading.
Fond of profane Learning, too, and of the useful or
ornamental Arts; given to music, and "would himself
sing aloud" when he had a melodious leisure-hour.
Excellent old gentleman: he died, rather suddenly, but
with much nobleness, 3d January 1571; age sixty-six.
Old Rentsch's account of this event is still worth read-
ing;* Joachim's death-scene has a mild pious beauty
which does not depend on creed.
He had a Brother too, not a little occupied with Poli-
tics, and always on the good side; a wise pious man,
whose fame was in all the churches: "Johann of
Ciistrin," called also "Johann the Wise" who busied
* Rcntsch, p. 458.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. ]
337
kurfUrst JOACHIM n.
J571.
himself zealously in Protestant matters, second only in
piety and zeal to his Cousin, Markgraf George the
Pious; and was not so held hack hy official considera-
tions as his Brother the Elector now and then. Jo-
hann of Ciistrin is a very famous man in the old
Books: Johann was the first that fortified Custrin; built
himself an illustrious Schloss, and "roofed it with
copper," in Custrin (which is a place we shall be well
acquainted with by and by); and lived there, with the
Neumark for apanage, a true man's life; -- mostly with
a good deal of business, warlike and other, on his
hands; with good Books, good Deeds, and occasionally
good Men, coming to enliven it, -- according to the
terms then given.
Cfirlyie, Frederic the Great. 1.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 338 THE HOIIENZOLLERNS IN BRANDENBURG. [B00K in'
IbW-l'ob'i,
CHAPTER XL
SEVENTH KURFURST, JOnANN GEORGE.
KAiser KArl, we said, was very good to Joachim;
who always strove, sometimes with a stretch upon his
very conscience, to keep well with the Kaiser. The
Kaiser took Joachim's young Prince along with him to
those Schmalkaldic Wars (not the comfortable side for
Joachim's conscience, but the safe side for an anxious
Father); Kaiser made a Knight of this young Prince,
on one occasion of distinction; he wrote often to Papa
about him, what a promising young hero he was, --
seems really to have liked the young man. It was
Johann George, Elector afterwards, Seventh Elector.
-- This little incident is known to me on evidence. *
A small thing that certainly befel, at the Siege of
Wittenberg (A. d. 1547), during those Philip-of-Hessen
Negotiations, three-hundred and odd years ago.
The Schmalkaldic War having come all to nothing,
the Saxon Elector sitting captive with sword overhead
in the way we saw, Saxon Wittenberg was besieged,
and the Kaiser was in great hurry to get it . Kaiser
in person, and young Johann George for sole atten-
dant, rode round the place one day, to take a view of
the works, and judge how soon, or whether ever, it
could be compelled to give-in. Gunners noticed them
* Rcntsch , p. 465.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. xi. ] SEVENTH KURfDrST, JOHANN GEORGE. 339
1S47.
from the battlements; gunners Saxon-Protestant most
likely, and in just gloom at the perils and indignities
now lying on their pious Kurfurst Johann Friedrich
the Magnanimous. "Lo, you! Kaiser's self riding yonder,
and one of his silk Junkers. Suppose we gave the
Kaiser's self a shot, then? " said the gunner, or thought:
"It might help a better man from his life-perils, if
such shot did --! " -- In fact the gun flashed-off, with
due outburst, and almost with due effect. The ball
struck the ground among the very horses' feet, of the
two riders; so that they were thrown, or nearly so,
and covered from sight with a cloud of earth and sand;
-- and the gunners thought, for some instants, an un-
just, obstinate Kaiser's life was gone; and a pious
Elector's saved. But it proved not so. Kaiser Karl
and Johann George both emerged, in a minute or two,
little the worse; -- Kaiser Karl perhaps blushing some-
what, and flurried this time, I think, in the im-
penetrable eyes; and his Cimburgis lip closed for the
moment; -- and galloped out of shot-range. "I never
forget this little incident," exclaims Smelfungus: "It
is one of the few times I can get, after all my reading
about that surprising Karl V. , I do not say the least
understanding or practical conception of him and his
character and his affairs, but the least ocular view or
imagination of him, as a fact among facts! " Which
is unlucky for Smelfungus. -- Johann George, still
more emphatically, never to the end of his life for-
got this incident. And indeed it must be owned, had
the shot taken effect as intended, the whole course
22*
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 340 THE HOHENZOLLEKNS IN BRANDENBURG. |BOOK nr.
1598.
bf human things would have heen surprisingly al-
tered; -- and for one thing, neither Friedrich the
Great, nor the present History of Friedrich had ever
risen above ground, or troubled an enlightened public
or me!
Of Johann George, this Seventh Elector,* who
proved a good Governor, and carried on the Fa-
mily Affairs in the old style of slow steady success,
I will remember nothing more, except that he had the
surprising number of Three-and-twenty children; one
of them posthumous, though he died at the age of
seventy-three. --
He is Founder of the New Culmbach Line: two
sons of these twenty-three children he settled, one in
Baireuth, the other in Anspach; from whom come all
the subsequent Heads of that Principality, till the last
of them died in Hammersmith in 1806, as above said. **
He was a prudent, thrifty Herr; no mistresses, no
luxuries allowed; at the sight of a new-fashioned coat,
he would fly out on an unhappy youth, and pack him
from his presence. Very strict in point of justice: a
peasant once appealing to him, in one of his inspection-
journeys through the country, "Grant me justice, Durch-
laucht, against So-and-so; I am your Highness's born
subject! " -- "Thou shouldst have it, man, wert thou
a born Turk! " answered Johann George. -- There is
* 1525; 1571-1598.
** Bentsch, p. 475 (Christian to Baireuth; Joachim Ernst to Anspach); --
see Genealogical Diagram, Vol. II, pp. 102. 103,
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHaF. XI. ]. SEvENTH KUBI'DRST, JOHANN GEORGE. 341
1598.
something anxious, grave and, as it were, surprised, in
the look of this good Herr. He made the Gera Bond
above spoken of; -- founded the Younger Culmbach
Line, with that important Law of Primogeniture strictly
superadded. A conspicuous thrift, veracity, modest so-
lidity, looks through the conduct of this Herr; -- a
determined Protestant he too, as indeed all the follow-
ing were and are. * ,
Of Joachim Friedrich, his eldest Son, who at one
time was Archbishop of Magdeburg, -- called home
from the wars to fill that valuable Heirloom, which had
suddenly fallen vacant by an Uncle's death, and keep
it warm; --and who afterwards, in due course, carried-
on a lobliche Eegierung of the old style and physiognomy,
as Eighth Kurfiirst, from his fiftieth to his sixtieth
year (1598-1608):** of him we already noticed the fine
"Joachimsthal Gymnasium," or Foundation for learned
purposes, in the old Schloss of Grimnitz, where his
serene Grandmother got lamed; and will notice nothing
farther, in this place, except his very great anxiety to
profit by the Prussian Mitbelehnung, -- that Co-infeftment
in Preussen, achieved by his Grandfather Joachim II. ,
which was now about coming to its full maturity.
Joachim Friedrich had already married his eldest Prince
to the daughter of Albert Friedrich, Second Duke of
? Rentsch, pp. 470, 471.
? ? Born, 1547; Magdeburg, 1566-'98 (when his Third Son got it, -- very
unlucky in the Thirty-Years War afterwards).
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? ill'J TUN ItOIIHNKOU. HKKS IN BRANDENBURG. Tbook
lVouwoit, who it whs by Uiis time evident would
iho \>\M l><<k<< thoro of his Line. Joachim Friedri
i*v*i" hi<<>>! <olf fallen << widower, died next year, thoo
how counting fiftyux -- But it will be better if
e\|d>>in tir>>t, A little, how matters now stood w
rivusso-n.
<<tM> or V. M. I.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? l . v
FItlHTING OFFICE OF THE PUBLISHER.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 342 THE HOHENZOLLERKS IN BRANDENBURG, [book nI.
1598.
Preusscn, who it was by this time evident would be
the last Duke there of his Line. Joachim Friedrich,
having himself fallen a widower, died next year, though
now counting fifty-six -- But it will be better if we
explain first, a little, how matters now stood with
Preussen.
END OF VOL. I.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? PRINTING OFFICE OF THE PUBLISHES.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. ] KURFttaST JOACHIM n. 327
1548.
carriage in this and other such matters, had at length
kindled a new War round him; and he then soon found
himself reduced to extremities again; chased to the
Tyrol Mountains, and obliged to comply with many
things. New War, of quite other emphasis and manage-
ment than the Schmalkaldic one; managed by Elector
Moritz and our poor friend Albert Alcibiades as princi-
pals. A Kaiser chased into the mountains, capable of
being seized by a little spurring; -- "Capture him? "
said Albert. "I have no cage big enough for such a
bird! " answered Moritz; and the Kaiser was let run.
How he ran then towards Treaty of Passau (1552),
towards Siege of Metz and other sad conclusions, "Ab-
dication" the finale of them: these also are known
phases in the Reformation-History, as hinted at above. Here at Halle, in the year 1547, the great Kaiser,
with Protestantism manacled at his feet, and many
things going prosperous, was at his culminating point.
He published his Interim (1548, What you troublesome
Protestants are to do, in the mean time, while the
Council of Trent is sitting, and till it and I decide for
you); and in short, drove and reined-in the Reich with
a high hand and a sharp whip, for the time being.
Troublesome Protestants mostly rejected the Interim;
Moritz and Alcibiades, with France in the rear of them,
took to arms in that way; took to ransoming fat
Bishoprics (" Verbum Diaboli Manet" we know where! );
-- took to chasing Kaisers into the mountains; -- and
times came soon round again. In all these latter broils
Kurftirst Joachim H. , deeply interested, as we may
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 328 THE HOHENZOLLERNS IN BRANDENBURG. [BOOK III.
1516-1551
fancy, strove to keep quiet; and to prevail, by weight
of influence and wise counsel, rather than by fighting
with his Kaiser.
One sad little anecdote I recollect of Joachim: an
Accident, which happened in those Passau-Interim days,
a year or two after that drawing of the sword on Alba.
Kurfurst Joachim unfortunately once fell through a
staircase, in that time; being, as I guess, a heavy man.
It was in the Castle of Grimnitz, one of his many
Castles, a spacious enough old Hunting-seat, the repairs
of which had not been well attended to. The good
Herr, weighty of foot, was leading down his Electress
to dinner one day in this Schloss of Grimnitz; broad
stair climbs round a grand Hall, hung with stag-tro-
phies, groups of weapons, and the like hall-furniture.
An unlucky timber yielded; yawning chasm in the stair-
case; Joachim and his good Princess sank by gravi-
tation; Joachim to the floor with little hurt; his poor
Princess (horrible to think of), being next the wall,
came upon the stag-horns and boar-spears down be-
low! "* The poor Lady's hurt was indescribable: she
walked lame all the rest of her days; and Joachim, I
hope (hope, but not with confidence),** loved her all
the better for it. This unfortunate old Schloss of Grim-
nitz, some thirty miles northward of Berlin, was, -- by
the Eighth Kurfurst, Joachim Friedrich, Grandson of
this one, with great renown to himself and to it, --
converted into an Endowed High School: the famed
Joachimsthal Gymnasium, still famed, though now under
* Paoli, 111. 112. ** lb. iii. 194.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. ] KURFtjRST JOACHIM II. 329
1568.
some change of circumstances, and removed to Berlin
itself. *
Joachim's first Wife, from whom descend the fol-
lowing Kurfursts, was a daughter of that Duke George
of Saxony, Luther's celebrated friend, "If it rained
Duke-Georges nine days running. "
Joachim gets Co-infeftment in Preussen.
This second Wife, she of the accident at Grimnitz,
was Hedwig, King Sigismund of Poland's daughter;
which connexion, it is thought, helped Joachim well
in getting what they call the Mitbelehnung of Preussen
(for it was he that achieved this point) from King
Sigismund.
Mitbelehnung (Co-infeftment) in Preussen; -- whereby
is solemnly acknowledged the right of Joachim and his
Posterity to the reversion of Preussen, should the Culm-
bach Line of Duke Albert happen to fail. It was a
thing Joachim long strove for; till at length his Father-
in-law did, some twenty years hence, concede it him. **
Should Albert's Line fail, then, the other Culmbachers
get Preussen; should the Culmbachers all fail, the Ber-
lin Brandenburgers get it. The Culmbachers are at
this time rather scarce of heirs: poor Alcibiades died
childless, as we know, and Casimir's Line is extinct;
* NIcolai, p. 728.
** Date, Lublin, 19th July 1568: Pauli, tii. 177-179, 193; Bentsch, p. 457;
Stenzel, 1. 841-342.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 330 THE HOHENZOLLERNS IN BRANDENBURG. [BOOK in.
Duke Albert himself has left only one Son, who now
succeeds in Preussen; still young, and not of the best
omens. Margraf George the Pious, he left only George
Friedrich; an excellent man, who is now prosperous in
the world, and wedded long since, but has no children.
So that, between Joachim's Line and Preussen there
are only two intermediate heirs; -- and it was a thing
eminently worth looking after. Nor has it wanted that.
And so Kurfurst Joachim, almost at the end of his
course, has now made sure of it
.
Joachim makes "Heritage-Brotherhood' with the Duke of
Liegnitz.
Another feat of like nature Joachim II. had long
ago achieved; which likewise in the longrun proved
important in his Family, and in the History of the
world: an "Erbverbruderung" so they term it, with the
Duke of Liegnitz, -- date 1537. ErbverbrUderung
("Heritage-Brotherhood," meaning Covenant to succeed
reciprocally on Failure of Heirs to either), had in all
times been a common paction among German Princes
well affected to each other. Friedrich II. the then
Duke of Liegnitz, we have transiently seen, was related
to the Family; he had been extremely helpful in bring-
ing his young friend Albert of Preussen's affairs to a
good issue, -- whose Niece, withal, he had wedded:
-- in fact he was a close friend of this our Joachim's;
and there had long been a growing connexion between
the two Houses, by intermarriages and good offices.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. J KtJRFteST JOACHIM Et. 331
18th Ootober 1537.
The Dukes of Liegnitz were Sovereign-Princes, come
of the old Piasts of Poland; and had perfect right to
enter into this transaction of an Erbverbruderung with
whom they liked. True, they had, above two-hundred
years before, in the days of King Johann Ich-Dien
(A. d. 1329), voluntarily constituted themselves Vassals
of the Crown of Bohemia;* but the right to dispose of
their Lands as they pleased had, all along, been care-
fully acknowledged, and saved entire. And, so late as
1521, just sixteen years ago, the Bohemian King
Vladislaus the Last, our good Margraf George's friend,
had expressly, in a Deed still extant, confirmed to
them, with all the emphasis and amplitude that Law-
Phraseology could bring to bear upon it, the right to
dispose of said Lands in any manner of way: "by
"written testament, or by verbal on their death-bed,
"they can, as they see wisest, give away, sell, pawn,
"dispose of, and exchange (vergeben, verkaufen, ver-
"setzen, verschaffen, verwechseln) these said lands," to
all lengths, and with all manner of freedom. Which
privilege had likewise been confirmed, twice over
(1522,1524), by Ludwig the next King, Ludwig Ohne-
Haut, who perished in the bogs of Mohacz, and ended
the native Line of Bohemian-Hungarian Kings. Nay,
Ferdinand, King of the Romans, Karl V. 's Brother,
afterwards Kaiser, who absorbed that Bohemian Crown
among the others, had himself, by implication, sanc-
tioned or admitted the privilege, in 1529, only eight
* Fauli, iii. 22.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 332 THE HOHENZOIXERNS IN BRANDENBURG. [book lit
1816-1552.
years ago. * The right to make the Erbverbruderung
could not seem doubtful to anybody.
And made accordingly it was; signed, sealed, drawn- out on the proper parchments, 18th October 1537; to
the following clear effect: "That if Duke Friedrich's
"Line should die out, all his Liegnitz countries, Liegnitz,
"Brieg, Wohlau, should fall to the Hohenzollern Bran-
"denburgers; and that, if the Line of Hohenzollern
"Brandenburg should first fail, then all and singular
"the Bohemian Fiefs of Brandenburg (as Crossen,
"Ziillichau and seven others there enumerated) should
"fall to the House of Liegnitz. " ** It seemed a clear
Paction, questionable by no mortal. Double-marriage
between the two Houses (eldest Son, on each side, to
suitable Princess on the other) was to follow; and did
follow, after some delays, 17th February 1545. So
that the matter seemed now complete; secure on all
points, and a matter of quiet satisfaction to both the
Houses and to their friends.
But Ferdinand, King of the Romans, King of
Bohemia and Hungary, and coming to be Emperor one
day, was not of that sentiment. Ferdinand had once
implicitly recognised the privilege, but Ferdinand, now
when he saw the privilege turned to use, and such a
territory as Liegnitz exposed to the possibility of falling
into inconvenient hands, explicitly took other thoughts;
and gradually determined to prohibit this Erbverbru-
derung. The States of Bohemia, accordingly, in 1544
(it is not doubtful, by Ferdinand's suggestion), were
>> Stenzol, i. 823. ** Steniel, i. 320.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? . CHaP. X. ] KTJRFIJRST JOACHIM IT. 333
Sell May 1546.
moved to make inquiries as to this Heritage-Fraternity
of Liegnitz. * On which hint King Ferdinand straight-
way informed the Duke of Liegnitz that the act was
not justifiable, and must be revoked. The Duke of
Liegnitz, grieved to the heart, had no means of re-
sisting. Ferdinand, King of the Romans, backed by
Kaiser Karl, with the States of Bohemia barking at his
wink, were too strong for poor Duke Friedrich of Lieg
nitz. Great corresponding between Berlin, Liegnitz, Prag
ensued on this matter: but the end was, a summons to
Duke Friedrich, -- summons from King Ferdinand, in
March 1546, "To appear in the Imperial Hall (Kaiser-
hof) at Breslau," and to submit that Deed of Erbver-
briiderung to the examination of the States there. The
States, already up to the affair, soon finished their
examination of it (8th May 1546). The Deed was an-
nihilated; and Friedrich was ordered, furthermore, to
produce proofs within six months that his subjects too
were absolved of all oaths or the like regarding it, and
that in fact the Transaction was entirely abolished and
reduced to zero. Friedrich complied, had to comply;
very much chagrined, he returned home; and died next
year, -- it is supposed, of heartbreak from this busi-
ness. He had yielded outwardly; but to force only. In
a Codicil appended to his last Will, some months after-
wards (which Will, written years ago, had treated the
Erbverbriiderung as a Fact settled), he indicates, as
with his last breath, that he considered the thing still
valid, though overruled by the hand of power. Let the
? Sternal, i. 822.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 334 THE HOHENZOLLERNS IN BHANDENBURG. [BOOK m.
1516-1552,
reader mark this matter; for it will assuredly become
memorable, one day.
The hand of power, namely, Ferdinand, King of
the Romans, had applied in like manner to Joachim of
Brandenburg to surrender his portion of the Deed, and
annihilate on his side too this Erbverbriiderung. But
Joachim refused steadily, and all his successors steadily,
to give up this Bit of Written Parchment; kept the
same, among their precious documents, against some
day that might come (and I suppose it lies in the
Archives of Berlin even now); silently, or in words,
asserting that the Deed of Heritage-Brothership was
good, and that though some hands might have the
power, no hand could have the right to abolish it on
those terms.
How King Ferdinand permitted himself such a pro-
cedure? Ferdinand, says one of his latest apologists
in this matter, "considered the privileges granted by
"his Predecessors, in respect to rights of Sovereignty,
"as fallen extinct on their death. "* Which, -- if
Reality and Fact would but likewise be so kind as
"consider" it so, -- was no doubt convenient for
Ferdinand!
Joachim was not so great with Ferdinand as he had
been with Charles the Imperial Brother. Joachim and
Ferdinand had many debates of this kind, some of them
rather stiff. Jagerndorf, for instance, and the Baireuth-
Anspach confiscations, in George Friedrich's minority: Ferdinand, now Kaiser, had snatched Jagerndorf from
* Stcnzel, i. 823.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. ] kubfObst JOACHIM II. 335
1571.
poor young George Friedrich, son of excellent Margraf
George whom we knew; "Part of the spoils of Albert
Alcibiades," thought Ferdinand, "and a good windfall,"
-- though young George Friedrich had merely been
the Ward of Cousin Alcibiades, and totally without
concern in those political explosions. "Excellent wind-
fall," thought Ferdinand; and held his grip. But
Joachim, in his weighty steady way, intervened;
Joachim, emphatic in the Diets and elsewhere, made
Ferdinand quit grip, and produce Jagerndorf again.
Jagerndorf and the rest had all to be restored; and,
except some filchings in the Jagerndorf-Appendages
(Ratibor and Oppeln, "restored" only in semblance,
and at length juggled away altogether), * everything
came to its right owner again. Nor would Joachim rest
till Alcibiades's Territories too were all punctually
given back, to this same George Friedrich; to whom,
by law and justice, they belonged. In these points
Joachim prevailed against a strong-handed Kaiser, apt
to "consider one's rights fallen extinct" now and then.
In this of Liegnitz all he could do was to keep the
Deed, in steady protest silent or vocal.
But enough now of Joachim Hector, Sixth Kurfurst,
and of his workings and his stragglings. He walked
through this world, treading as softly as might be, yet
with a strong weighty step; rending the jungle steadily
asunder; well seeing whither he was bound. Rather an
expensive Herr; built a good deal, completion of the
Schloss at Berlin one example;** and was not otherwise
* Bentsch, pp. 129, ISO. ** Nicolsi, p. 82.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 336 THE HOHENZOLIiERNS IN BRANDENBURG, [book ni.
1516-1552.
afraid of outlay, in the Reich's Politics, or in what
seemed needful: If there is a harvest ahead, even a
distant one, it is poor thrift to be stingy of your seed-
corn!
Joachim was always a conspicuous Public Man, a
busy Politician in theKeich; stanch to his kindred, and
by no means blind to himself or his own interests.
Stanch also, we must grant, and ever active, though
generally in a cautious, weighty, never in a rash swift
way, to the great Cause of Protestantism, and to all
good causes. He was himself a solemnly devout man;
deep awe-stricken reverence dwelling in his view of
this Universe. Most serious, though with a jocose
dialect commonly, having a cheerful wit in speaking to
men. Luther's Books he called his Seelenschatz (Soul's-
treasure); Luther and the Bible were his chief reading.
Fond of profane Learning, too, and of the useful or
ornamental Arts; given to music, and "would himself
sing aloud" when he had a melodious leisure-hour.
Excellent old gentleman: he died, rather suddenly, but
with much nobleness, 3d January 1571; age sixty-six.
Old Rentsch's account of this event is still worth read-
ing;* Joachim's death-scene has a mild pious beauty
which does not depend on creed.
He had a Brother too, not a little occupied with Poli-
tics, and always on the good side; a wise pious man,
whose fame was in all the churches: "Johann of
Ciistrin," called also "Johann the Wise" who busied
* Rcntsch, p. 458.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. x. ]
337
kurfUrst JOACHIM n.
J571.
himself zealously in Protestant matters, second only in
piety and zeal to his Cousin, Markgraf George the
Pious; and was not so held hack hy official considera-
tions as his Brother the Elector now and then. Jo-
hann of Ciistrin is a very famous man in the old
Books: Johann was the first that fortified Custrin; built
himself an illustrious Schloss, and "roofed it with
copper," in Custrin (which is a place we shall be well
acquainted with by and by); and lived there, with the
Neumark for apanage, a true man's life; -- mostly with
a good deal of business, warlike and other, on his
hands; with good Books, good Deeds, and occasionally
good Men, coming to enliven it, -- according to the
terms then given.
Cfirlyie, Frederic the Great. 1.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 338 THE HOIIENZOLLERNS IN BRANDENBURG. [B00K in'
IbW-l'ob'i,
CHAPTER XL
SEVENTH KURFURST, JOnANN GEORGE.
KAiser KArl, we said, was very good to Joachim;
who always strove, sometimes with a stretch upon his
very conscience, to keep well with the Kaiser. The
Kaiser took Joachim's young Prince along with him to
those Schmalkaldic Wars (not the comfortable side for
Joachim's conscience, but the safe side for an anxious
Father); Kaiser made a Knight of this young Prince,
on one occasion of distinction; he wrote often to Papa
about him, what a promising young hero he was, --
seems really to have liked the young man. It was
Johann George, Elector afterwards, Seventh Elector.
-- This little incident is known to me on evidence. *
A small thing that certainly befel, at the Siege of
Wittenberg (A. d. 1547), during those Philip-of-Hessen
Negotiations, three-hundred and odd years ago.
The Schmalkaldic War having come all to nothing,
the Saxon Elector sitting captive with sword overhead
in the way we saw, Saxon Wittenberg was besieged,
and the Kaiser was in great hurry to get it . Kaiser
in person, and young Johann George for sole atten-
dant, rode round the place one day, to take a view of
the works, and judge how soon, or whether ever, it
could be compelled to give-in. Gunners noticed them
* Rcntsch , p. 465.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHAP. xi. ] SEVENTH KURfDrST, JOHANN GEORGE. 339
1S47.
from the battlements; gunners Saxon-Protestant most
likely, and in just gloom at the perils and indignities
now lying on their pious Kurfurst Johann Friedrich
the Magnanimous. "Lo, you! Kaiser's self riding yonder,
and one of his silk Junkers. Suppose we gave the
Kaiser's self a shot, then? " said the gunner, or thought:
"It might help a better man from his life-perils, if
such shot did --! " -- In fact the gun flashed-off, with
due outburst, and almost with due effect. The ball
struck the ground among the very horses' feet, of the
two riders; so that they were thrown, or nearly so,
and covered from sight with a cloud of earth and sand;
-- and the gunners thought, for some instants, an un-
just, obstinate Kaiser's life was gone; and a pious
Elector's saved. But it proved not so. Kaiser Karl
and Johann George both emerged, in a minute or two,
little the worse; -- Kaiser Karl perhaps blushing some-
what, and flurried this time, I think, in the im-
penetrable eyes; and his Cimburgis lip closed for the
moment; -- and galloped out of shot-range. "I never
forget this little incident," exclaims Smelfungus: "It
is one of the few times I can get, after all my reading
about that surprising Karl V. , I do not say the least
understanding or practical conception of him and his
character and his affairs, but the least ocular view or
imagination of him, as a fact among facts! " Which
is unlucky for Smelfungus. -- Johann George, still
more emphatically, never to the end of his life for-
got this incident. And indeed it must be owned, had
the shot taken effect as intended, the whole course
22*
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 340 THE HOHENZOLLEKNS IN BRANDENBURG. |BOOK nr.
1598.
bf human things would have heen surprisingly al-
tered; -- and for one thing, neither Friedrich the
Great, nor the present History of Friedrich had ever
risen above ground, or troubled an enlightened public
or me!
Of Johann George, this Seventh Elector,* who
proved a good Governor, and carried on the Fa-
mily Affairs in the old style of slow steady success,
I will remember nothing more, except that he had the
surprising number of Three-and-twenty children; one
of them posthumous, though he died at the age of
seventy-three. --
He is Founder of the New Culmbach Line: two
sons of these twenty-three children he settled, one in
Baireuth, the other in Anspach; from whom come all
the subsequent Heads of that Principality, till the last
of them died in Hammersmith in 1806, as above said. **
He was a prudent, thrifty Herr; no mistresses, no
luxuries allowed; at the sight of a new-fashioned coat,
he would fly out on an unhappy youth, and pack him
from his presence. Very strict in point of justice: a
peasant once appealing to him, in one of his inspection-
journeys through the country, "Grant me justice, Durch-
laucht, against So-and-so; I am your Highness's born
subject! " -- "Thou shouldst have it, man, wert thou
a born Turk! " answered Johann George. -- There is
* 1525; 1571-1598.
** Bentsch, p. 475 (Christian to Baireuth; Joachim Ernst to Anspach); --
see Genealogical Diagram, Vol. II, pp. 102. 103,
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? CHaF. XI. ]. SEvENTH KUBI'DRST, JOHANN GEORGE. 341
1598.
something anxious, grave and, as it were, surprised, in
the look of this good Herr. He made the Gera Bond
above spoken of; -- founded the Younger Culmbach
Line, with that important Law of Primogeniture strictly
superadded. A conspicuous thrift, veracity, modest so-
lidity, looks through the conduct of this Herr; -- a
determined Protestant he too, as indeed all the follow-
ing were and are. * ,
Of Joachim Friedrich, his eldest Son, who at one
time was Archbishop of Magdeburg, -- called home
from the wars to fill that valuable Heirloom, which had
suddenly fallen vacant by an Uncle's death, and keep
it warm; --and who afterwards, in due course, carried-
on a lobliche Eegierung of the old style and physiognomy,
as Eighth Kurfiirst, from his fiftieth to his sixtieth
year (1598-1608):** of him we already noticed the fine
"Joachimsthal Gymnasium," or Foundation for learned
purposes, in the old Schloss of Grimnitz, where his
serene Grandmother got lamed; and will notice nothing
farther, in this place, except his very great anxiety to
profit by the Prussian Mitbelehnung, -- that Co-infeftment
in Preussen, achieved by his Grandfather Joachim II. ,
which was now about coming to its full maturity.
Joachim Friedrich had already married his eldest Prince
to the daughter of Albert Friedrich, Second Duke of
? Rentsch, pp. 470, 471.
? ? Born, 1547; Magdeburg, 1566-'98 (when his Third Son got it, -- very
unlucky in the Thirty-Years War afterwards).
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? ill'J TUN ItOIIHNKOU. HKKS IN BRANDENBURG. Tbook
lVouwoit, who it whs by Uiis time evident would
iho \>\M l><<k<< thoro of his Line. Joachim Friedri
i*v*i" hi<<>>! <olf fallen << widower, died next year, thoo
how counting fiftyux -- But it will be better if
e\|d>>in tir>>t, A little, how matters now stood w
rivusso-n.
<<tM> or V. M. I.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? l . v
FItlHTING OFFICE OF THE PUBLISHER.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 342 THE HOHENZOLLERKS IN BRANDENBURG, [book nI.
1598.
Preusscn, who it was by this time evident would be
the last Duke there of his Line. Joachim Friedrich,
having himself fallen a widower, died next year, though
now counting fifty-six -- But it will be better if we
explain first, a little, how matters now stood with
Preussen.
END OF VOL. I.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? PRINTING OFFICE OF THE PUBLISHES.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:13 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. hn6m7y Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust.
