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174. Biog. Brit. ]
solemnised the month May, between the lord Gilford, son the duke Northumber land, and the lady Jane, the duke Suffolk's
more than precise the
would very loth
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the law, place believe
the bishop was committed the King's- bench, where he remained constant until Lent: should not well able stand honestly then was he removed the Counter Bread
thereto. street, and afterward from thence was carried Hales. My lord, am not perfect, but the Fleet. What afterwards befell him, has
may err for lack knowledge. But both been before related. conscience, and such knowledge the law
47. Proceedings against Lady JANE GREY, and Others, for Treason: Mary, 1553. Fox's Acts and Monuments, 13. Bib.
WHAT time, says Fox, king Edward
long sickness began appear more feeble and
weak, the mean while during the time
this his sickness, certain marriage was pro daughter; whose mother being then alive, was vided, concluded, and shortly also upon the same daughter Mary, king Henry's second sister,
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717] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. -and others, for High Treason. [71s
who first was married to the French king, and brother the king, our late sovereign lord, afterward to Charles, duke of Suffolk. But to departed God's mercy; which news how make no long tarriance hereupon, the marriage woeful they unto our heart, only know being ended, and the king waxing every day eth, whose will and pleasure we must, and more sick than other, whereas indeed there humbly submit and our wills. But seemed in him no hope of recovery, it was this lamentable case, that wit, now brought to pass by the consent not only of the after his majesty's departure and death, con nobility, but also of the chief lawyers of the cerning the crown and governance this realm, that the king by his Testament did ap realin England, with the title France, and
int the foresaid lady Jane, daughter to the things thereto belonging, what hath been duke of Suffolk, to be inheretrix unto the crown provided act parliament, and the testa of England, passing over two sisters, Mary ment and last will our dearest father, besides and Elizabeth. To this Order subscribed all other circumstances advancing our right, you the king's Council, and the chief the nobility, know, the realm, and the whole world knoweth, the mayor and city London, and almost the rolls, and records appear the authority the judges and chief lawyers this realin, the king our said father, and the king, our saving only justice Hales Kent, man both, said brother, and the subjects this realm; favouring true religion, and also upright that we verily trust that there good true
judge, any hath been noted this realin, subject, that can, who, giving his consent unto lady Mary, would ignorant thereof: and
case subscribe lady Jane. The causes ourselves caused, and,
would pretend
our part we have
God shall aid and laid against lady Mary, were well for that strengthen us, shall cause our right and title
was feared she would marry with stranger, this behalf published and proclaimed ac and thereby intangle the crown; also that cordingly. And albeit this weighty matter
she would clean alter religion, used both seemeth strange, that our said brother dying king Henry her father, and also king Edward upon Thursday night last past, we hitherto her brother's days, and bring the pope, had knowledge from you thereof, yet we the utter destruction the realm, which in consider your wisdom and prudence such, deed afterward came pass, the course that having eftsoons amongst you debated, and sequel this story may well appear. pondered, and well weighed this present case
Much probable matter they had thus con with our estate, with your own estate, the com jecture her, reason her great stubborn mon-wealth, and our honours, we shall and ness shewed and declared her brother's days, may conceive great hope and trust with much the letters before mentioned, passing be assurance your loyalty and service, and tween her and king Edward, and the council, therefore for the time interpret and take things
may appear. The matter being thus concluded, not the worst; and that will, like noble and after confirmed every man's hand, king men, work the best. Nevertheless we are not Edward, imp great hope, not long after ignorant your consultations undo the pro this departed the vehemency his sickness, visions made for our preferment, nor the
when was years age; with whom also great bands and provisions forcible wherewith
decayed manner the whole flourishing assembled and prepared, whom, and
estate and honour the English nation. what end, God and you know, and nature When king Edward was dead, this Jane was can but fear some evil. But be that some
established the kingdom the nobles con consideration politic, whatsoever thing else sent, and was forthwith published queen hath moved you thereto, yet doubt you not my proclamation London, and other cities lords, but we can take these your doings where was any great resort, and was there gracious part, being also right ready remit taken and named. Between this young dam and fully pardon the same, and that freely,
sel and king Edward there was little difference eschew blood-shed and vengeance against age, though learning and knowledge those that can will intend the same, trusting
the tongues she was not only equal, but also also assuredly you will take and accept this superior unto him, being instructed master grace and virtue good part appertaineth, right nobly learned. her fortune had been and that we shall not be inforced use the
good was her bringing up, joined with service other our true subjects and friends, fineness wit, undoubtedly she might have which this our just and right cause, God, seemed comparable not only the house whom our whole affiance shall send us. Vespasians, Sempronians, and mother the Wherefore my lords, we require you and charge
Gracchies, yea, any other women beside, you, and every you, that your allegiance that deserved high praise for their singular which you owe God and us, and none learning; but also the university-men, which other, for our honour and the surety our
have taken many degrees the schools.
the mean time while these things were
person only imploy yourselves, and forthwith upon receipt hereof, cause our right and title the crown and government this realm
proclaimed our city London and other places, your wisdoms shall seem good, and
this case appertaineth, not failing hereof our very trust you. And thus our letter,
working London. Mary, which had know ledge her brother's death, writeth the lords of the Council forin as followeth
“My lords, we greet you well, and have re seived sure advertisement, that our dearest
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719) STATE TRIALS, 1 MARy, 1553. −Proceedings against Lady Jane Grey, [720
signed with our hand, shall be your sufficient
Gates. W. Peter, W. Cecill, John Cheese, John Mason, Edw. North, Bowes. ”
warrant in this behalf. Given under our signet
at our manor of Kening-hall, the 9th of July, 1553. ”
All these aforesaid, except only the duke Northumberland, and John Gates, after To this Letter of the lady Mary, the lords of ward were either special favour, special
the Council make answer again, as followeth : “Madam, we have received your letters the 9th of this instant, declaring your supposed
general pardon, discharged.
After this Answer received, and the minds
the lords perceived, lady Mary speedeth her title, which you judge yourself to have to the self secretly away from the city, hoping
imperial crown of this realm, and the domi nions thereunto belonging. For answer where this advertise you, that for much our
sovereign lady queen Jane after the death
our sovereign lord Edward the 6th, prince
most noble memory, invested and possessed
with the just and right title the imperial
crown this realm, not only good order
chiefly upon the good will the commons, and
yet perchance not destitute altogether the
secret advertisements some the nobles.
When the Council heard her sudden depar ture and perceived her stoutness, and that
canic not pass they supposed, they ga thered speedily power men together, ap pointing army, and first assigned that the
old ancient laws this realm, but also our duke Suffolk should take that enterprise
late sovereign lord's letters patents signed with hand, and have the leading the band.
his own hand, and sealed with the great seal But afterward altering their minds, they thought
England presence the most part the best send forth the duke Northumber nobles, counsellors, judges, with divers other land, with certain other lords and gentlemen, grave and sage personages, assenting and sub and that the duke Suffolk should keep the scribing the same: we must therefore, Tower, where the lord Gilford and the lady most bound duty and allegiance, assent unto Jane the same time were lodged. the her said grace, and none other, except we which expedition the guard also, albeit they should, which faithful subjects cannot, fall into were much unwilling the first thereunto, yet grievous and unspeakable enormities. Where notwithstanding, through the vehement persua fore we can less do, but for the quiet both sions the lord treasurer, master Chomley,
the realm and you also, advertise you, and other, they were induced assist the duke, that forasmuch the divorce, made between and set forward with him.
the king famous memory, king Henry the 8th, These things thus agreed upon, and the and the lady Catharine your mother, was ne-. duke now being set forward after the best cessary had both the everlasting laws array out London, having notwithstanding
God, and also the ecclesiastical laws, and times prescribed, and journey appoint by the most part the noble and learned uni the council, the intent might not versities Christendom, and confirmed also scem any thing but upon warrant. Mary
the sundry acts parliaments remaining the mean while tossed with much travel yet their force, and thereby you justly made and down, work the surest way for her best illegitimate and unheritable the crown impe advantage, withdrew herself into the quarters rial this realm, and the rules, and dominions, Norfolk and Suffolk, where she understood and possessions the same, you will upon just the duke's name be had much hatred for consideration hereof, and divers other causes the service that had been done there of late
lawful alledged for the same, and for the under king Edward, just inheritance the right line and godly order and there gathering
pretence vex and inolest any our sove folk men; who being always forward pro reign lady queen Jane her subjects from their moting the proceedings the Gospel, pro true faith and allegiance due unto her grace mised her their aid and help, that she would assuring you, that you will for respect shew not attempt the alteration the religion,
yourself quiet and obedient, you ought, you which her brother king Edward had before es shall find and several ready you tablished, laws and orders publicly enacted, any service that we with duty may, and glad and received the consent the whole realm
taken the late king our sovereign lord king commons every side
Edward the oth, and agreed upon the nobles herself close for space within Fremingham and great personages aforesaid, surcease any castle. To whom first of all resorted the Suf
with your quietness preserve the common
state this realm wherein you may other To make the matter short, unto this condi
wise grievous unto us, yourself, and them.
And thus we bid you most heartily well fare.
From the Tower London, this 9th July, made religion, that man would 1553. Your ladyship's friends, shewing your could then have misdoubted her. Which pro self obedient subject, Thomas Canterbury, mise, she had constantly kept, they the marquis Winchester, John Bedford, did willingly preserve her with their bodies and Will. Northampton, Thomas Ely chancellor, weapons, she had done deed both worthy Northumberland, Henry Sulfolk, Henry Arun her blood, and had also made her reign more del, Shrewsbury, Pembroke, Cobham, Rich, stable herself through former tranquility. Huntingdon, Darcy, Cheyney, Cotton, John For though man never Puissant
that behalf.
tion she estsoons agreed, with such proulise made unto them that no innovation should be
subduing the rebels,
her such aid the she might, keeping
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721] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. —and others, for High Treason. [722
power, yet breach of promise is an evil up which was the 25th July, she followed not
, holder of quietness, fear is worse, but cruelty is the worst of all.
Thus Mary being guarded with the power of the Gospellers, did vanquish the duke, and those that came with her. In consideration
whereof was heavy word that she answer
ed the Suffolk men afterwards, which did she took the Tower, whereas the foresaid nake supplication her grace perform her lady Jane with her husband the lord Gilford, promise: Forsomuch, saith she, you being
but ineinbers desire rule your head, you shall
one day well perceive, that members must
obey their head, and not look bear rule over
the same. And not only that, but also adjudged death, was brought forth the cause the more terror unto other, certain scaffold, and there beheaded. Albeit hav
gentleman named master Dobb, dwelling about Wyndham side, for the same cause, that for advertising her humble request her pro
ing promise, and being put hope pardon
(yea, though his head were upon the block) would recant and hear mass, cons, uted mise, was punished, being three sundry times thereto, and denied words that true religion, king Henry oths
set the pillory gazing stock unto in on.
which before time, well days, king Edward's, declared himself both exhorting also the people tholic faith, termed
had ort evidently favour and further:
On the contrary side, the duke Northum
berland having warrant under the broad
seal, with furniture readiness, took
his voyage, and was now forward his way; tion the papists did forthwith publish and set what ado there was, what stirring every side, abroad, rejoicing not little his conversion
long after, being brought the 3d day Au gust London, with the great rejoicing many men, but with greater fear more, and yet with flattery, perativenture most great,
-
Thus coming London, her first lodging
feigned hearts.
little before her coining, were imprisoned where they remained waiting her pleasure al most five months. But the duke, within month after his coming the Tower, being
return the ca Whose recanta
what sending, what riding and posting, what
letters, messages, and instructions went and
fro, what taking among the soldiers, what
heart-burning among the people, what fair pre Palmer on the other side confessed his faith tences outwardly, inwardly what privy practices that had learned the gospel, and lamented there were, what speeding ordinance daily that had not lived inore gospel like) being and hourly out the Tower, what rumours put death; the mean time queen Mary and coming down soldiers from quarters entering thus her reign with the blood these there was world was see, and process men, besides hearing mass herself the Tower,
declare, enough make whole Hins. The gave heavy shew and signi. ication hereby, but greatest help that made for the lady Mary was especially the sudden delivering Steven
the short journeys the duke, which com mission were assigned him before,
abovementioned. For the longer the duke lin
Gardiner out
minded stand
the Tower, that she was not that which she deeply
had promised
gered his voyage, the lady Mary the more cerning the not subverting altering the state
increased puissance, the hearts the people religion, very deed the surmise the being mightily bent unto her. Which after leople was therein nothing deceived.
the council London perceived, and under The 3rd February, the lord Cobham was
stood how the common multitude did with draw their hearts from them stand with her,
committed the Tower, and master Wyat en
tered into Southwark. Who, forsomuch he
could not enter that way into London, return ing another way Kingston with his army,
and that certain noblemen began the
other way, they turned their song, and pro
claimed for queen the lady Mary, eldest daugh came through the streets Ludgate, and
Temple
Clement the court,
Northumberland, being and with him the residue his army, for be council and advice sent forth against her, fore, George Harpar and almost half his was left destitute, and forsaken alone Can men ran away from him Kingston bridge, bridge with some his sons, and few other, were also taken, and about hundred killed, among whom the earl Huntingdon was and they that were taken were had prison,
one who there were arrested and brought and great many them were hanged, and the Tower London, traitors the crown, himself afterward executed the lower hill, notwithstanding that - had there proclaimed and then quartered; whose head after being her queen before. upon Haihill, was thence stolen away, and
Thus have Mary now made queer, and great search made for the same. which the sword authority put into her hand. story shall hear more, the Lord willing, here Therefore when she had been thus advanced after.
the Gospellers, and saw quiet The 12th day Feb. was beheaded the lady means that her enemies were conquered, send Jane, whom was sent master l'eckman, ing the duke captive the Tower before, alias Howman, from the queen, two days before
ter king Henry 8th, and appointed par returning thence, was resisted
liament succeed king Edward dying without Bar, and there yielded himself issue. Parson, and was brought him
And the duke
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then appeared. Northumberland, with sit
John Gates, and
Thomas Palmer, (which
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723] STATE TRIALS, 1 Many, 1553–Proceedings against Lady Jane Grey, [724
her death, to commune with her, and to reduce all, yet we unprofitable servants, and faith her from the doctrine of Christ to Dr. Mary's only Christ's blood saveth us.
religion. The effect of which Communication Feck. How many Sacraments are there
here followeth : Jane. Two. The one the Sacrament of
The Communication had between the Lady Baptism, and the other, the Sacrament the
Lord's Supper.
Peck. No, there are seven.
Pecknam. Madam, I lament your heavy
case, and yet I doubt not, but that you bear
out this sorrow of yours with a constant and But what signified your two Sacraments? patient mind. - - Jane. the sacrament Baptism am
Jane. You are welcome unto me, sir, if your washed with water and regenerated the coming be to give christian exhortation. And spirit, and that washing token me that as for my heavy case, I thank God, I do so lit am the child of God. The Sacrament of the tle lament that rather account the same Lord's Supper offered unto me, sure seal for more manifest declaration God's favour and testimony that am, the blood Christ
toward me, than ever shewed me any which shed for me the cross, made par time before. And therefore there no cause taker the everlasting kingdom.
why either you, will, should lament
thing
other which bear me good grieved with this my profitable for my soul's
Feck. Why? what you receive that
Sacrament? Do you not receive the very body and blood of Christ?
case, being health.
Jane and Fecknam.
Jane. No surely, not believe.
am here come you this pre think that the Supper neither receive flesh sent sent from the queen and her council, nor blood, but bread and wine: which bread
instruct you the true doctrine the right when broken, and the wine when
Fack.
lock. What then required man
Jane. That he should believe
Father, the Son, and the Holy Ghost, three per sons and one God.
his body
Jane. grant saith so; and
am the vine, am the door,’ but the more for the door nor the vine.
Feck. What? there nothing else required looked for Christian, but lieve him
be
Saint Paul say, ‘He calleth things that are not though they were God forbid that should say, that eat the very natural body and blood
whom trust not; how can trust him
whom love not Faith and love both toge ther, and yet love comprehended faith.
Feck. How shall we love our neighbour
Jane. To love our neighbour feed the hungry, cloath the naked, and give drink
eaten and broken, and be born
woman without seed man, walk upon
the sea having body, and other such like mi racles wrought his power only
June. Yes verily; God would have done his Supper any miracle, might have done
but say that then minded work nor miracle, but only break his body, and shed
his blood the cross for our sins. But pray you answer me this one question: where was Christ, when said, ‘Take, eat, this
my body,' Was not the table when he said so? he was that time alive, and suffered not till the next day. What took but bread,
the thirsty, and our selves.
cient only believe.
Jane. deny that, and affirm that faith
only saveth; but meet for Christian, token that he followeth his master Christ, do
him we would
necessary unto sal vation good works also, and not sufi
Feck. Why? then
God the
saith,
never Doth not
Jane. Yes, we must love him with our Christ; for then either should pluck away
heart, and with our soul, and with our mind, and our neighbour ourself.
Feck. Why? then faith justifieth not, nor saveth not.
June. Yes verily, faith, Paul saith, only justifieth.
my redemption, else there were two bodies two Christs. One body was tormented on the cross: and they did eat another body, then had two bodies; his body were
eaten, then was not broken upon the cross, were broken upon the cross, was not
eaten his disciples.
Feck. Why? St. Paul saith, faith without love, nothing.
have
Peck. Why? not possible that Jane. True for how can love him Christ his power could make his body both
good works, yet may we not say that they pro what brake but bread And what gave he fit our salvation. For wu-i, we have done but bread? Look what took, brake and
Jane. By what Scripture find you that?
Feck. Well, we will talk that hereafter.
faith although have great confidence
you, that shall have, trust, little need travail with you much therein.
Jane. Forsooth, heartily thank the queen's highness, which not unmindful her humble subject: and hope likewise that you less
will your duty therein both truly and faith fully, according that you were sent for.
drunken, putteth me remembrance how that for my sins the body Christ was broken, and his blood shed the cross, and with that bread and wine receive the benefits that come by the breaking body, and shedding his blood for our sins on the cross.
Feck. Why? Doth not Christ speak these words, “Take, eat, this my body require
Christian you any plainer words? doth not say
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725] STATE TRIALS, I MARy, 1553. —and others, for High Treason. [726
look what he brake, he gave; and look what And yet though must needs acknowledge,
he gave, they did eal: and yet this while himself was alive; and supper before his disciples, else they were deceived.
that being constrained, and, you wot well enough, continually assayed, taking upon me seemed consent, and therein grievously
Peck. You ground your faith upon such offended the queen and her laws: yet as
authors say and unsay both with and not upon the church whom
breath, ought
suredly trust that this my offence towards God much the less, that being royal
estate was, mine inforced honour blended never with mine innocent heart. And thus, good father, have opened unto you the state wherein presently stand. Whose death hand, although you perhaps may seem right woeful, me there nothing that can be more welcome, than from this vale ini sery aspire that heavenly throne joy and pleasure with Christ our Saviour.
whose steadfast faith may lawful for the daughter write the father) the Lord that hitherto hath strengthened you, con tinue you, that the last may neet hea ven with the Father, the Son, and the Holy
give credit.
Jane. No, ground my faith God's word,
and not upon the Church. For the Church be good Church, the faith the Church must be tried God's word, and not God's word by the Church, either yet my faith. Shall
antiquity
shall give credit the Church that taketh
believe the Church because
away from me the half part the Lord's Supper, and will not any man receive
both kinds? Which thing they deny us,
then deny they part our salvation. And say that evil Church, and not the spouse Christ, but the spouse the devil,
that altereth the Lord's Supper, and both tak Ghost. ”
eth from and addeth To that Church (say God will add plagues, and from that Church will take their part out the book
life: they learn that Saint Paul when he ministered the Corinthians both kinds shall believe this Church God forbid.
Letter written the lady Jane the end the New Testament Greek, the which she
sent unto her sister lady Catherine, the night before she suffered.
“I have here sent you, good sister Cathe Feck. That was done for good intent rine, book, which although not out
the Church avoid heresy that sprang it.
wardly trimmed with gold, yet inwardly more worth than precious stones. the book (dear sister) the law the Lord.
June. Why? shall the Church alter God's
will and ordinance for good intent? How did his testament and last will which bequeathed
king Saul the Lord God defend.
With these and such like persuasions
unto wretches which shall lead you the path eternal joy, and you with good mind read and with earnest mind do purpose follow shall bring you immortal and everlasting life. shall teach you live, and learn you die. shall win you more than you should have gained the possession your worul father's lands. For,
God had prospered him, you should have inherited his lands; you apply diligently
this book, seeking direct your life after you shall inheritor such riches, nei ther the covetous shall withdraw from you, nei ther thief shall steal, neither yet the moths corrupt. Desire with David, good sister, understand the law of the Lord God. Live still die, that you death may purchase eternal life. And trust not that the tenderness
your age shall lengthen your life for hasten my death you, whom my life soon God call) goeth the young the old,
should rather have been lengthened yet can and labour always learn die.
Dety the patiently take yield God more world, deny the devil, and despise the flesh, and
would have had her lean the Church, but would not be. There were many more things whereof they reasoned, but these were the chiefest. After this, Fecknam took his leave, saying, that was sorry for her; for am sure quoth he, that we two shall never mect.
Jane. True (said she) that we shall never
meet, except God turn your heart. For am assured, unless you repent and turn God,
you are
the bowels spirit: for
utterance,
eyes your heart.
evil case and pray God, his mercy, send you his holy
hath given you his great gift
pleased
him
also
open
the
Lady
“FATHER, although hath pleased God
Letter the
Jane sent unto her Father.
hearty thanks, for shortening my woeful days,
than the world had been given unto my possessions with life lengthened my own will.
delight yourself only the Lord. Be penitent your sins, and yet despair not; strong faith, and yet presume hot and desire with
St. Paul dissolved and with whom even death there
the evil servant found sleeping, and lest for lack oil, you found like the five foolish women and like him that had not on the wed
ding garment, and then cast out from the
And albeit am well assured
dolours, redoubled manifold ways, both be wailing your own woe, and especially (as
hear) my unfortunate state, yet my dear father
(if may without offence rejoice my own upon you thief the night, you with
mishaps) me seems this may account my self blessed that washing my hands with the innocency my fact, my guiltless blood may
•ry before the Lord, Mercy the innocent.
your impatient
the good servant, and even
midnight waking, lest when death cometh and stealeth
with Christ, life. Be like
ye
of if
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-
727] STATE TRIALS, I Mary, 1553–Proceedings against Lady Jane Grey, [728
marriage. Itejoice in Christ, as I do. Follow the steps ofyour master Christ, and take up
your cross : lay your sins on his back, and
always embrace him. And as touching my
death, rejoice as I do (good sister) that I shall thou absent? For ever? Oh Lord, hast thou be delivered of this corruption, and put on forgotten gracious, and hast thou shut incorruption. For I am assured, that I shall thy loving kindness displeasure Wilt thou for losing of a mortal life, win an immortal more intreated thy mercy clean gone life, the which I pray God grant you, and send for ever, and thy promise come utterly
you of his grace to live in his fear, and to die in end for evermore Why doest thou make the true Christian faith, from the which (in long tarrying? shall despair thy mercy God's name) I exhort you that you never God Far that from me. am thy work swerve, neither for hope of life, nor for fear of manship created Christ Jesus: give me grace death. For ifyou will deny his truth for to therefore tarry thy leisure, and patiently lengthen your life, God will deny you, and yet bear thy works; assuredly knowing, that shorten your days. And if you will cleave thou canst, thou wilt deliver me, when unto him, he will prolong your days to your shall please thee, nothing doubting mistrust comfort and his glory : to the which glory God ing thy goodness towards me for thou know bring me now, and you hereafter when it pleas est better what good for me than
eth him to call you. Fare you well, good therefore with me things what thou wilt, sister, and put your only trust in God, who and plague me what way thou wilt. Only
only must help you. the mean time arm me beseech thee with
Here followeth a certain effectual Prayer, thy armour, that may stand fast, my loins made by the lady Jane in the time of her being girded about with verity, having the
trouble. breastplate righteousness, and shod with the shoes prepared the gospel peace; above O Lord, thou God and Father of my life, things taking me the shield faith, where hear me poor and desolate woman, which with may able quench the fiery darts
flyeth unto thee only, in troubles and mise the wicked, and taking the helmet salva ries. Thou Lord art the only defender and de tion, and the sword the spirit, which thy liverer those that put their trust thee: most holy word praying always with man and therefore being defiled with sin, encum ner prayer and supplication, that may bered with affliction, unquieted with troubles, refer myself wholly thy will, abiding thy wrapped cares, overwhelmed with miseries, pleasure, and comforting myself those trou vexed with temptations, and grievously tor bles that shall please thee send me: seeing mented with the long imprisonment this vile such troubles profitable for me, and seeing mass clay my sinful body come unto am assuredly persuaded that cannot but thee merciful Saviour) craving thy mercy well all that thou doest. Hear me merciful and I. elp; without the which little hope Father for his sake, whom thou wouldest should deliverance left, that may utterly despair sacrifice for my sins: whom with thee
any liberty. Albeit expedient, that and the IHoly Ghost, honour and glory.
Amen.
After these things thus declared, remaineth
now, coming the end this virtuous lady, thy flock no, and also know thee and our next infer the manner her Execution, with selves the better: yet thou that saidest thou the words and behaviour of her the time of
seeing our life standeth upon trying, we should visited sometime with some adversity,
whereby we might both tried whether
wouldest not suffer tempted above our her death.
power, merciful unto me now miserable wretch beseech thee which with Solomon
Words and Behaviour the lady Jane upon the Scaffold.
do cry unto thee, humbly desiring thee, that
may neither too much pulled with pros Frnst when she mounted upon the scaffold,
perity, neither too much pressed down with she said the people standing thereabout adversity lest being too fall, should deny thee Good people, am come hither die, and by my Go being too low brought should des law am condemned the same. The fact pair, and blaspheme thee my Lord and Saviour. against the queen's highness was unlawful, and
merciful God, consider my misery best the consenting thereunto me but touching known unto thee, and thou now unto me the procurement and desire thereof me strong tower defence humbly require thee. my behalf, wash my hands thereof Suifer me not be tempted above my power, innocency before God, and the face you, but either be thou dei unto me out good Christian people, this day: and therewith this great misery, either else give me grace pa she wrung her hands, wherein she had her book. tiently bear thy heavy hand and sharp cor Then said she, pray you good Christian rection. was thy right hand that defivered people, bear me witness that die true the people Israel out the hands Pha Christian woman, and that look be raoh, which for the space 400 years did saved other mean, but only the mercy oppress them, and keep them bondage. Let God the blood his only son Jesus
therefore likewise seem good thy fatherly Christ: and confess, that when did know
goodness, deliver me, sorrowful wretch (for whom thy son Christ shed precious blood the cross) out this miserable captivity and
bondage, wherein am now. How long wilt
it
9
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, STATE TRIALS, MARy, 1553. −and others, for High Treason. [730
720)
the word of God, I neglected the same, loved the lady Jane, and with her also the lord Guil
myself and the world, and therefore this plague ford Dudley her husband, one the duke
and punishment is happily and worthily hap Northumberland's sons, two innocents com
pened unto me for my sins: and yet I thank parison them that upon them, For they
God of his goodness, that he hath thus given did but ignorantly accept that which the others
me a time and respite to repent : and now, had willingly devised, and open proclama
good people, while I a. m alive, I pray you assist tion consented take from others and give
me with your prayers. And then kneeling them. And not long after the death the
down, she turned her to Fecknam, saying: lady Jane upon the 21st the same nonth,
Shall I say this psalm ? and he said, Yea. Then was Henry duke Suffolk her father also be.
said she the psalm of Miserere mei Deus in Eng headed the Tower Hill, the 4th day after his
lish, in most devout manner throughout to the condemnation: about which time also were
end, and then she stood up, and gave her mai condemned this conspiracy many gentlemen den mistress Eisen her gloves and handkerchief, and yeomen, whereof some were executed
and her book to master Bruges, and then she London and some the country. the untied her gown, and the hangman pressed number whom was also lord Thomas Gray, upon her to help her off with but she de brother the said duke, being apprehended siring him her alone, turned towards her not long after North Wales and executed for two gentlewomen, who helped her off there the same. Nicholas Throgmorton very
with, and also with her frowes, paaft and neck
erchief, giving her fair handkerchief knit
about her eyes. —Then the hangman kneeled
down and asked her forgiveness, whom she for
gave most willingly. Then willed her
stand upon the straw: which doing, she saw marquis Dorset, Frances Brandon, daugh the block. Then she said, pray you dispatch
me quickly. Then she knecled down, saying:
Will you take before lay me down and
the hangman said, No, madan. Then tied she
the handkerchief about her eyes, and feeling quickness and comprehension mind. Under for the block she said: What shall do? where Harding and Aylmer, her father's chaplains,
it? where One the standers she improved herself the various branches guiding her thereunto, she laid her head down learning; and became such proficient lan upon the block, and then stretched forth her guages, that she spoke and wrote with astonish
body, and said Lord, into thy hands
com ing facility, the French, Italian, Latin, and
said the Greek; and was well skilled Ile
mend my spirit, and
finished her life.
brew, Arabic, and Chaldee. To these high ac quirements literature, were united great
beauty, the mildest manners, and the most cap tivating virtues humility, benevolence and modesty. Regardless the pleasures and fri volous occupations the great, she sought for gratification reading and meditation, and
she observed her tutor, Ascham, who found her reading Plato while the rest the family
were hunting the park, that the sport which they were enjoying, was but shadow com
pared the pleasure which she received from the sublime author. The alliances of her fa
mily, however, and their aubition, were too powerful suffer her live her beloved se
clusion. No sooner was the declining health the 6th Edward perceived his courtiers, than Dudley, duke Northumberland, prevailed upon the unsuspecting monarch, settle the
Certain
pretty
written
the said
lady
De
Jana,
Laurentii Humfredi decastichon. crown his relation, lady Jane, whose attach
Verses
Jane with pin.
Non aliena putes homini, quae obtingere possunt: Sors hodiei na nihi, tuncerit illa tibi.
juvante, Jane Dudley. nil mocet livor malus:
Deo
Et non juvante, nil juvat labor gravis.
Post tenebras spero lucern.
Certain Epitaphs written commendation the worthy lady Jane Gray.
De Jama Graia Joan. Pankhursti Carmen. Miraris Janam Graio sermone valere
Quo primuin mata est tempore, Graia suit.
In historiam Janao.
Tu, quibus ista legas incertum est lector, ocellis. Ipse equidem siccis scribere non potui.
Jana incet sovo non aequaevolmere mortis, Nobilis ingenio, sanguine, martyrio.
Ingenium Latiis ornavit foemina musis, Foemina virgimeo tota dicata choro.
Sanguine clara fuit, regali storpe creata, Ipsague Regima mobilitate throno.
ment the Reformation was indubitable; and
pass over his sisters Mary and Elizabeth. When this was effected, the artful favourite
Bis Grala est, pulchre Grails nutrita camoenis, Et prisco Graúm sanguine creta ducum.
But while approaching
Bis Martyr, sacrae fidei verissima testis: Atque vacans regui crimine, Janajacet.
Thus the 12th day February was beheaded Northumberland, she refused the proffered dig
hardly escaped.
a
Further Particulars respecting the lady Jane Grey. -
Lady Jane Crey was daughter Henry Grey,
ter Mary, dowager France, younger daugh
ter Henry 7th, and sister Henry 8th. She was born 1537, Bradgate-hall, Leicester
shire, and from her very infancy shewed great
married his son Guilford Dudley queen, and thus paved the way
his own family the throne.
others rejoiced these plans
greatness, Jane alone seemed unconcerned, and
when, last, Edward's death, she was hail queen her ambitious father-in-law,
the future the elevation
of
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a I
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In at
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--
731] STATE TRIALS, I Mary, 1553. —Proceedings against Lady Jane Grey, [732
nity, the authority her father the duke opinion the judges, who had over-ruled their Suffolk, and the entreaties husband whom plea that what they did was obedience
she tenderly loved, prevailed upon her reluc the supreme authority then subsisting: but tantly consent. She was usual, conveyed whatever hopes lady Jane and her husband
the Tower, preparatory
and she was proclaimed queen
her coronation, might entertain, whatever ease they might en the city, and joy, were quickly taken away unhappy royalty. This event, which was impossible for them fore
honoured with the marks
sunshine prosperity, was, however, but tran see, and which not much pretend sitory; her rival Mary proved more powerful, cd that either of them had the least hand. and the kingdom seemed espouse her cause There was great spirit raised the nation with such loyalty, that Northumberland and against the queen's marriage with Philip Suffolk yielded the popular voice, and lady Spain; and upon this general insurrection Jane, after being treated queen for few was concerted, which, had been executed days, descended again, and with exultation, with any degree that prudence shewn the
rivacy. But misfortunes accompanied her fall. planning rather the Providence She saw her father-in-law and his family; her God had not interposed, could scarce have own father and his numerous adherents, brought failed succeeding; Tho. Wiat Kent,
the Tower, and last expire under the man great estate and greater influence, hand the executioner, and she herself, to managed those who were afraid, under colour
would deliver foreign prince and his partizans. The Compilers the Biographia Britannica, Sir Peter Carew, Cornwall, dealt with such who have taken great pains collecting and were desirous seeing the princess Eliza
arranging from the several historians the beth upon the throne, and the arms time, the particulars relating this most ex Courteney, whom the queen had lately re
gether
bloody tragedy.
husband,
were
complete
- the
marriage, kingdom this the
with her
stored the title Devonshire, and the duke Suffolk, whom danger had vain preach discretion, and who could not learn loyalty Guilford Dudley, remaining still confine even from mercy, made use that great in
cellent person, conclude their account her these words:
Lady Jane, and her husband the lord
ment, were, the 3rd Nov. 1553, carried from the Tower Guildhall, and with arch
bishop Cranmer and others arraigned and con victed high-treason before judge Morgan, who pronounced them sentence death, the remembrance of which afterwards affected him far, that died raving. From this time the unfortunate lady Jane, and her
less unhappy husband, lived the very shadow death, and yet not without some gleams comfort. For the month December, the marquis Northampton, who the same
cause had fallen into the like circumstances, was pardoned and discharged and the same time the strictness of their confinement mitigated, permission granted take the air the queen's garden, and other little in dulgences, that would however have been many acts cruelty, the queen had then
intended what she afterwards thought
inflict. But this, the consent our best historians, allowed altogether impro
terest which his large estates gave him, though held them the queen's favour, mislead her subjects from their duty, and take up arms against her person. What the real view
this design was even time has not discover
bable; and that there are good reasons be
lieve the queen would have spared lady Jane, tingdon, whom himself and his brother lord
since she had already pardoned her father who
was much more guilty, and that she would have
extended her mercy lord Guilford Dudley
well his elder brothers. However, the
first parliament her reign, act was passed
for establishing the validity such private con came but his trial and his death. This tracts, were dated during Jane's nine, days weak and managed business gave the minis administration, with proviso, that public ters opportunity persuading the queen, acts, grants lands, the like, any such that her safety could otherwise provided there were, should be void. Another act like for, than putting lady Jane and her husband wise passed for confirming the attainders death which, learned prelate assures Northumberland, Canterbury, and the rest, the queen was not wrought without much who had been convicted high treason, which difficulty; and very remarkable, that San perhaps was thought necessary, confirm the ders makes the very same observation, that,
ed; but
those
duke
and lord Tho. Grey, were arms, and with body three hundred horse presented them selves before the city Coventry, which they had strong party; but the queen having sent down the earl Huntingdon, secured that place, and Suffolk finding design abor
tive, and with many house his
people dropping away, retired,
could keep about him, Leicestershire, where, having
rashness, and misintelligence
the head miscarried. The Suffolk, with his brothers lord John
distributed what money had those who
were the companions his fortune,
them shift for themselves, trusting the
promises one Underwood his park-keeper, who undertook conceal, and who suspect
have betrayed him the earl Hun
John being apprehended, were carried Co ventry, and after some stay there, sent Lon
don, under guard, where they did not arrive until the 10th Feb. and were then commit
ted the Tower, out which the duke never
advised
of to
of be
an of in
as to to of of as a
so
toto of
to
in to in
it is
to
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or of it
of
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733] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARy, 1553. —and others, for High Treason. [734
the truth of it can hardly be called in question. The news of this fatal resolution made no great impression upon this excellent lady; the bitter ness of death was passed, she had expected it long, and was so well prepared to meet her fate, that she was very little discomposed. But the queen's charity hurt her more than her jus tice. The day first fixed for her death was Friday February the 9th, and she had in some measure taken leave of the world, by writing a letter to her unhappy father, who she heard was more disturbed with the thoughts of his being the author of her death, than with the apprehension of his own ". In this serene frame of mind, Dr. Feckenham, Abbot of West minster, came to her from the queen, who was very desirous she should follow her father in
law's example, and be reconciled to the church of Rome. He was indeed a very instrument (if any had been fit) for this purpose; for had acute wit, very plausible manner
well remit this interview the other world; that there indeed friendships were happy and unions indissolvable, and that theirs would be eternal their souls carried nothing with them
terrestrial, which might hinder them from rejoicing. All she could was give him farewell out window passed toward the place his dissolution, which suffered on the scaffold on Tower-Hill with much
Christian meekness. His dead body being laid car and his head wrapped
linen cloth, were carried the chapel within the Tower, the way which, they were
pass under the window the lady Jane; which sad spectacle she likewise beheld, but her
pared upon the green over-against the White Lady Jane received him with much civility, Tower. said that the court had once
speaking, and great tenderness his nature.
and behaved towards him with so much calm ness and sweetness temper, that could
uot help being overcome with her distress;
that either mistaking pretending mistake
her meaning, procured respite her exe
cution until the 12th. Yet did not gain this execution should performed within the any thing upon her regard the design up Tower. She was attended and upon the on which was sent; the contrary, though
she heard him patiently, yet she answered
his arguments with such strength, such clear
ness, and such steadiness mind, shewed which she had her hand, after some short plainly that religion had been her principal
care, and that the hopes being happy
future state, from acting according the dic
own accord, and not either some, without any colour ated, design, and with
accident,
truth, have insinu
view increase About hour after the death her husband, she was led out the lieutenant the scaffold that was pre
the weight her afflictions.
taken resolution have her beheaded on
tates of her conscience this, had fortified her not only against the fears death, but against all doubts apprehensions whatever. On the
Sunday evening, which was the last she was spend this world, she wrote letter the
recollection she saluted those who were pre sent with countenance perfectly composed then taking leave Dr. Feckenham, she said,
Greek tongue, some say
the blank leaves the same language,
legacy
God will abundantly requite you, good sir,
for your humanity me, though your dis
courses gave me more uneasiness than the
terrors my approaching death. ” She next
addressed herself the spectators plain
and short speech. Then kneeling down she
said the Miserere English, after which she stood up, and gave her women, Mrs. Elizabeth Tilney and Mrs. Helen, her gloves and her handkerchief; and the lieutenant the Tower, whom Heylin calls John Gage, but
the end Testament
which she bequeathed
the lady Catherine; which piece
had other left, would sufficient
her memory immortal, and therefore the sub
stance English inserted (see 726). Holinshed, Bridges, her prayer-book. When The fatal morning being come, the lord Guil she untied her gown, the executioner offered ford earnestly desired the officers that might assist her, but she desired him let her take his last farewell her. Which though alone; and turning her women, they un
her sister hers, we
render
they willingly permitted, yet upon notice she dressed, and gave her handkerchief bind advised the contrary, assuring him, that such about her eyes. The executioner kneeling, meeting would rather add his afflictions, desired her pardon which she answered than increase that quiet where with they had “most willingly. ” He desiring her stand possessed their souls for the stroke death; upon the straw, which bringing her within sight that demanded lenitive which would put the block, she said, pray dispatch me fire into the wound, and that was sear quickly; adding presently after, Will you take ed her presence would rather weaken than before lay me down the executioner
strengthen him that ought take courage said, No madam upon this, the handkerchief
from his reason, and derive constancy from his being bound close over her eyes, she began own heart; that his soul were not firm and feel for the block, which she was guided
settled, she could not settle confirm her words; that
See 725.
her eyes nor one the spectators; when she felt she should stretched herself forward and said, Lord into thy hands commend my spirit, and immedi
the same scaffold with her husband; but con sidering how much they were both pitied, and how generally lady Jane was beloved, was determined, prevent any commotions, that
scaffold Feckenham, but she was observed not give much heed his discourses, keep ing her eyes steadily fixed book prayers
ately, one stroke, her head was divided from
at
of
a by a if a by It of
it
of it
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ofto
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it
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to in of of a all
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an
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ofto
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on
to asdo
to
a
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to he
to
735) STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1553–proceedings against Lady Jane Grey, (136
her body. Her fate was universally deplored, vorces from Catharine Arragon, and Anne even by those who were best affected to queen Bullen the Acts Parliament confirming Mary; and as she is allowed to have been a those divorces; other subsequent Acts, which princess of great piety, it must certainly have seemed repeal what the first had ordained given her much disquiet to begin her reign the power given the king, appoint his with such an unusual effusion of blood; and, successors, and place them what order
in the present case, of her near reiation, one pleased; and his last Will itself, formerly honoured with her friendship and fa the affair the succession, that vour, who had indeed usurped, but without de obscurity and contradiction.
embroiled was left full
For the siring or enjoying, the royal diadem, which she makers these new laws were not swayed assumed, by the constraint of an ambitious with justice and equity, and calculated, merely
father and an imperious mother; and which, gratify the ambition and schemes prince, at the first motion, she chearfully and willingly who would have taken vengeance those resigned. This made her exceedingly lamented that should act opposition his directions,
at home and abroad, the fame of her learning was not possible act such emergencies and virtue having reached over Europe, so as according the ancient laws and customs
to excite many commendations, and some ex the realm. —He, after cohabiting with Catha
press panegyrics in different nations and in rine Arragon years, and having several different languages. But whereas, some of children her, obliged the archbishop Can our own writers seem to doubt whether she terbury pronounce him divorced from her, was with child or not at the time of her decease, and his marriage with her null and void; and foreigners have improved this into a direct but not before he had contracted second assertion, that she was five months gone, it marriage with Ann Bullen, which also seems to be improbable, since there were at grew weary; and, accusing his second queen that time so many busy and inquisitive people, adultery, ordered her beheaded, that if the fact had been true it must have after had been also publicly divorced from been known, and would have been perpetually her. —His next step was obtain act repeated in those pieces that were every day parliament, 1536, confirm both these divor sent abroad, in order to exasperate the nation ces, and declare Mary and Elisabeth, the against the queen and her ministers. On the children these two marriages, illegitimate, twenty-first of the same month, the father of and incapable succeeding the crown, queen Jane, Henry Grey duke of Suffolk, lost without special will and appointment. But his head upon Tower-hill neither was the act, made 1544, Mary and Elisabeth jealousy excited by king Edward's appoint were declared successively inherit the crown ment, and their nearness in blood to the royal after Edward, still allowing the king impose line, so fully extinguished by the blood of so conditions these two princesses, without many victims, but that it revived in the suc which they could have right succeed. ceeding reign, and proved a new source of dis And Henry made his last Will and Testament quiet to the sad remains of this unhappy fami the same manner; which preferring Ed
We have treated this article the more ward immediate successor, left largely, because hitherto, excepting Heylin, his opinion, that his daughters were illegiti none our historians have represented the mate. —Thus far the succession was much dis
public and private life this admirable person turbed; but what still conduced embroil
with any tolerable degree distinctness; but
more, was the not mentioning, Will, the issue Margaret queen Scotland, Henry's
eldest sister, and placing the children his younger sister, Mary, queen dowager France,
hurry over her short pos had been an or
and speak
general terms
geration some and suppression circumstances, put out the power
have been content session the crown, dinary insurrection,
her death exag
Right
known hold
her Claim, and her and therefore whatever methods were taken
the Crown.
before, after the young king's death, se
cure and settle Jane on the throne, and the left drawing and pullishing the following pro
compassion, with
and duchess Elisabeth.
Suffolk, next his daughter And,-To compleat this confusion the crown, Edward 6th confirmed
[Whoever reads the latter part the life Henry 8th, will soon convinced, that
other
claims
the reader form just notion the whole the act, which declared Mary and Elisabeth
transaction. ” illegitimate; abrogated, his own authority,
the act which gave his father power settle The following curious Document, together the succession, and, his own Will, excluded with the Introduction, taken from the So Mary, Elisabeth, and the queen Scotland
mers' Tracts, 4th Col. vol. 174:
from the throne, and conveyed the crown
The INSTRUMENT, proclaimed Queen
. . forth the Iteasons
which Queen JANE was England, &c. setting
Jane Grey, the duke
the importunity and ambition Northumberland, who was
Edward's council subjection:
the succession the crown disputable, that 'clamation, must looked upon the act and could only owing the hand Provi deed the said duke, and not be ascribed dence, that the nation had not, for ever after, the council. —This was the state of affairs.
been distratted with contrary clains. —His di when Edward 6th was removed death, and
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737] STATE TRIALS, 1 Marr, 1553–and others, for High Treason. [738
by this short recapitulation it may easily be she would lose such pastime the park? Smil perceived, what a door of divisions and civil ing, she answered me, know, their sport wars was opened by Henry 8th and his succes the park but shadow that find
sor. For, according to their acts and wills, Plato: Alas! good folk, they never felt what true and letters patents, Mary, Elisabeth, the queen pleasure meant. And how came you, madam;
ofScotland, and Jane Grey, four princesses, quoth this deep knowledge, and what did could claim the crown after Edward's death, chiefly allure you unto seeing not any wo and each of these princesses could find in these men, but very few men have attained thereun very acts, &c. arguments to oppose the claim will tell you, saith she, and tell you
of her competitors. Yet only Jane, who, truth, which perchance you will marvel at. though by the youngest, was not less en One the greatest benefits, that ever God
dowed with the gifts nature, and preferable gave me, that all her adversaries the endowments of were parents, and
her mind, and least tainted with the ambitious For, when am
desire crown, was forced the importu mother, whether
nity her relations accept
thereby fell sacrifice their ambition
sent me sharp and se gentle schoolmaster.
excellently well related Dr. Heylin,
else, must were, such weight, these words his History the Reformation. measure, and number, even perfectly,
She was eldest daughter duke Suffolk. Her Frances, daughter, and,
Henry lord Grey, God made the world; else am sharply mother was the lady taunted, cruelly threatened, yea présently
fine, one the co sometimes, with pinches, nips, and bobs, and
will not for the ho folk, Mary his wife, queen dowager nour bear them) without measure misor Lewis 12th France, and youngest daughter dered, that think myself hell, till the time king Henry 7th. She seemed have been come that must Mr. Elmer who
born with those attractions, which seat sove teacheth me gently, pleasantly, with such reignty the face most beautiful persons; fair allurements learning, that think all yet was her mind endued with more excellent the time nothing, whilst am with him. And charms, than the attractions her face; mo when am called from him, fall weeping,
dest and mild disposition, courteous car because whatsoever else, but learning,
riage, and such affable deportment, might full grief, trouble, fear, and whole misliking
entitle her the name queen hearts, be unto me. And thus my book hath been fore she was designed for queen over any sub much my pleasure, and bringeth daily me
jects. These her native and obliging graces, more pleasure and more, that respect
heirs Charles Brandon, the late duke Suf other ways name,
noble and worthy lady. Thus far Mr. Aschaun. ercises their sex, she wholly gave her mind —By this eminent proficiency parts
to good arts and sciences, much furthered that pursuit the loving care Mr. Elmer,
learning, and agreeableness disposition, she became very dear the young king Ed
ward; whom Fox not only makes her equal, but doth acknowledge her also his supe
rior, those noble studies. And for orna ment superadded her other perfections, she
was most zealously affected the true protes tant religion, then law established which she embraced, not out any outward compli
charge
proficiency, that she spake the Latin and
uo
had been natural and native her ex actly skilled the liberal sciences, and per fectly well studied both kinds philosophy. Take, here story out Mr. Ascham's
nder whose
she came such Greek tongues, with sweet fluency,
large
Schoolm. 11.
Ple, whether love
child, for virtue
Port; which may heard with some pleasure,
and followed with more profit. Before went
into Germany, came Broadgate Leices
tershire, take my leave that noble lady, ments, till she came unto the years mar
Jane Grey, whom was exceeding much be riage, when she, that never found herself the holding. Her parents, the duke and the du least spark ambition, was made the most
chess, with the houshold, gentlemen and unhappy instrument another man's. The gentlewomen, were hunting the park; proud and aspiring duke Northumberland found her her chamber, reading Phaedon treats with the duke Suffolk, about mar Platonis Greek, and that with much de riage between the lord Guilford Dudley, his light, some gentlemen would read merry fourth son, and the lady Jane. The marriage tale Boccace. After salutation, and duty concluded, and, Northumberland's policy,
done, with some other talk, asked her, Why the crown transferred from king Edward, WQL,
his own words: One exam fear doth work more
ance with the present current the times, but because her own most excellent judgment had
learning, will gladly re
been fully satisfied the truth and purity thereof. All which did endear her the
presence either father speak, keep silence, sit, drink, merry, sad be sowing, playing, dancing, doing any thing
and stand, eat,
gladly, both because
.