usually follows the Parti-
ciple, unless special emphasis is intended (as in 5 ?
ciple, unless special emphasis is intended (as in 5 ?
Demosthenese - First Philippic and the Olynthiacs
is 1l'0l0176t,
where the speaker expresses an ungrudging recognition of the
fact ([42] ? 22 ml). of! ? 00v65).
When a speaker in mentioning a fact desires to denote his own opinion
of it, the most emphatic form of approval is that expressed by a principal
111212588111 Xen. C1112 Vii 5, 48 1) Kaolin iwoi-qo'a; . . ipe? 'a; Toll Ae? you, Plato
Phaedo 600 :11 'y' Enable-a; dvmvfia'as n. 6, Lys. 28 ? 8 Irish}; iflolna'cv
017M "Amnimu 12w Blow.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 154 FIRST 0L YNTHIAU I ? 28
When the fact and the opinion have a similar stress laid on both, we
have le priiwipal verbs, 8. 8 in 20 ? 149 I'ENi-pxlp 1rE'v're rdAavT' droSoih/al.
ge? ypagev 0510s . . mi 2am}; e'n-oiei (21 ? 212 quoted above, 25 ? 97, Lys.
2 ? 1 , Aristoph. Ran. 584, Ecol. 804).
Most commonly the opinion is expressed by a participle. This may be
placed a) after the principal verb, as in Plato Rep. 351 c (A) vol. fip xapi-
9mm, )e6 7e at: math, cp. Symp. 174 E MAG>>; ye froth mi, Lac . 102, 13
0,0039 ye m) Myuw, Gorg. 451 n, 511 c, Euthg/d. 273A, Crat. 399 A, Xen. do
re equestri 1, 3, 00? . 16, 2, Antiphon 1 ? 29, Dem. 8 ? 42 of: xaxibs Auyz? 6~
news, 29 ? 18 upwe? e? lievo; (op. 37 ? 23, 58 5 31, Lys. 18 ? 70), Isocr. 5 ? 7
? m4>povo|7vreq, Plato Phil. 19D bpduie 5pdwrs; (Xen. Cyr. iv 4, 6, Isocr.
9 ? 54), Aeschin. 8 ? 232 (pa-ti "Ev E1'ITUXG25' Elval. d); Klll. c'd-re? Kahlil; 1r0|. -
oi'ay-rsf, Lys. 24? 14 oiire {lasts Tori-rip n'1v min-37v e? 'xs're 'yvu'nmv 056' 0510;
VILLV 5U 1rouuv.
The participle may also be placed (1;) before the principal verb. This is
apparently the last stage in the development of this coustmctiun. '21 ? 2
Kala}; xal. ra'. Sixaw. #01. qu 6 Sine; Jipyio'e-r], 57 ? 6 KaMZ); rainfall-res
foils fiSinme? vovs (inavfas o'eo'u'ma-rs, Ep. 1 ? 8 oi. 0:07. u'n'nmv-res' fill! 1re? Mv
chroSedu'mavw f)va Bouhnhrmflm, 18 ? 231 117'; 85 ? u\n. v0pw1rim; (Of Philip)
i'lpeig K. 1r. ('happily') 1m); Kapn'oin; xexe? purQe, cp. 20 ? 110, 23 ? 143, E1).
2 ? 19 and 3 ? 26, Prooem. 86 ? 1 (Rehdantz Index s. v. Partieipium).
The Partieiple and the Principal Verb are both found in [10] ? 88 i; 'l'llX'I',
MIMI); rotor-Iva. iroMii werroinxe 18L xowci . . m'nisqu oiafie? v {npioune'vov 16w
'nis oilm'ae ixe? v-nuv . . oi ydp (inopol. miv-res EpXovral. picfle'fovrcs 1oil1'ou, Kai.
xaMus reunion.
258. 'roirs iv fiktqu, ' those of military age,' serviceable and
able-bodied men between 18 and 60. Op. 3 ? ? 4, 34; 4 ? 7,
Thuc. vi 24, 2, Xen. Hell. vi 5, 12 and Cyr. vi 2, 37 (ol 6>> 'r'g
UTPGTCUO'l/Mp or o'rpa'nwnky fihudq), 21 ? 95 e? o'Tpa'reupe? l/os 1rdo'as'
rds e? ? ' fihmlas cr'rpa'rcias.
260. (bofiepol. dn'ihakes Kr)>>, 'redoubtable defenders of the
security (or 'integrity') of their country,' champions to keep
their country unviolated by foreign invasion. The oath of the
Ephebi contained a clause--Thu warpioa ae 017:: Adams "meow,
whale: 5e Kal zipelw, 50'1711 a>> rapafie? fw/iai (Stobaeus 43, 48).
In Plato's Laws 760 n f the duty of xe? pav (pi/M116"! is assigned
to citizens between 25 and 30 years of age. 6. xepafov:
proleptic, 4 ? 8. [44] ? 23 (Till! 1ra'rpqiav nooiav) dke? paiov (1:1)th-
roxrres. dxe? paws, purus, sincerus, integer, a prose word used by
Eur. (1)=dmiparos, 'unmixed,' 'uneorrupt,' 'guileless,' 'pure';
(2) 'entire,' 'unharmed,' 'unraoaged,' Herod. iii 146, Thuc. ii
18, 5 Tfis 7? ]: {n szpalou 000-17: (opp. to Tit-17060"). Synonymous
with d1r6p0rrros (oracle in Herod. vii 141 ; applied to Attica in
Eur. Mod. 826). The phrase ? 0Bepot ? 13Mu<es l s olxetas
dxepafou rises above the ordinary level of prose, an happens
to be metrically equivalent to the end of an anapaestic system.
261. 'roirs Myov'ras, robs Mropas, TOl'Ii' rohzreuo/Le? vovs, 3 ? ? 21,
24 ; 6 ? 44, 9 ? 38. Yv' ui--eiime. p48"; ye? vuv'rai, 'that
they may pass a good account of their statesmanship ' (K. )
("Will- is here metaphorical; the reference is to a moral and not
a pecuniary responsibility like that attaching to public officials.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? I ? 28 FIRST OLYNTHIAC' 155
261 f. wiv wewohvrevpivuv and (264) 16w wewpaype? vwv : both
followed by airro'is. With the Perf. (or Pluperf. ) Passive the
place of inre? with Gen. is often taken by the simple Dat. of the
Agent.
In Demosthenes this construction is limited to comparatively few verbs,
especially updr-rw (found 80 times). It occurs 60 times with the Perf.
Participle of that verb, and always in the neuter Plural (similarly in
Aeschines, Lysias, Isocrates, Isaeus). The Dat.
usually follows the Parti-
ciple, unless special emphasis is intended (as in 5 ? 18, 18 ? 79, 19 ? 291,
20 ? 80, 21 ? ? 175, 181; [13] ? 26); the emphasis is sometimes slight, as
with 10611911129 ? 1, [58] ? 19, 21 ? ? 19, 127, 129, and with other Datives
in [58] ? 30, [60] ? 12. 106",>> follows the Participle in 54 ? 37, 19 ? 24, 37
? 19, 21 55 217, 227; 35 ? 55, [58] ? 3. Sometimes the Dat. is emphatic,
although placed after the Participle for special reasons, as in 18 ? 17, 51
? 9, 19 ? ? 32, 67.
With the Perf. Ind. or Inf. the Subject is either a neuter Pronoun in
Plural, as mfna, 61, 111676. , or in Singular, as n', 8, 70910 : or a Pronoun like
0586/, wiivra, woAAci: or an Adjective in neuter Plural 88 ro'wav-rc'a, 8? LV67? P? L
The Verb stands without a Subject in 5 ? 21.
Among the 15 examples of Perf. Ind. with Dat. there are three in
which 6110? . no. 1 rod-rot; stands in an emphatic position before we? wpax-mi,
one in which 101; dMoic is placed for em basis at the end of the clause
and after we'wpaxmi. In passages where t e Dat. is unemphatic, it stands
either before or after the Verb.
ime? is found before wewpaype'va. only in 19 ? 117 16. {mo (Inonpd-rov;
wewp. , and before nenpaype? voig (to avoid the collocation of two Datives)
in 19 ? 9 rots {up' e'avrov wewpa ne'vou; (lb. 95, 36 ? 34; cp. Lys. 14 ? 19,
Isocr. 5 ? 79, 12 ? 184). The at. of Agent follows the Dat. Participle
in 2 ? 10 1'02; wewp. (Di/\iwwop and 41 ? 24 roi; wewp. e'av'rq'ai it precedes in
Lys. 14 ? 17 wpbs 1'02; e'xei'mp wewp. The Dat. Plural has not been found in
this collocation.
The Subject is never a person ; if it is a substantive it is cognate in sense
with wpdrrew, Isocr. 15 ? 76 115v e? 'p-ywv 713v wewp. ail-role, ib. 306 111w
Ep'ywv 115v rfi woken wewp. , Aeschin. 3 ? 343 e'xu'o'np woAMi Kai. Kala. ipya.
we'wpax'nu, 1 ? 37 wspi. ewlrndevnd'rwv Toni-rip wewp. , Dem. 21 ? 19 1'6. wepi.
1:411 e'oprnv Michigan: Toni-Hp wewp.
The Aor. nanOfivai. is rarely found with the Dat. , 36 ? 3 26. wpuXOe'vm
7015119, op. 37 ? ? 6, 9; 23 ? 48 'iv' 6n? wore Tofip'yov e'wpe? XOn 7015119 76. ? 1: rdw
ve? nwv imfip e 85mm, where it is due to a desire for symmetry of form.
The Imp . is found only in 3 ? 26 01'; yap sic weptova'iav e'wpci'r're-r' 0. 67029
16. T1]; we? Aewq, where cl; wcp. shows that the Bat. is akin to a Dat.
cmnmodi.
Among synonyms of wpe? -rrew, woleiv is thus used (in Pcrf. Pass. ) only
in Lys. [6] ? ? 33, 50 (of poetical com sition in Dem. 19 ? 247; of works
of art in [61] ? 16); ep'ydg'ecraat in 8111. 20 ? 87, 21 ? 107, [53] ? 18, Lys.
12 ? ? 1, 37, 89, Isocr. 4 ? 92; woveiv in 5 5 20; e'wl'rn8uiew in Lys.
13 ? 65. Among kindred verbs we have Sloterv, Dem. 22 ? 74, 19
? 22; woALrefietv, as here and in 24 ? 159 7519 oierqu wewohirevpe'vwv, 18
? 59 1'ch incl wewoA. , Isocr. 16 ? 45 111w Tum'q wewoA. , Lys. 21 ? 18 061109
nyofipai p. 01 wewoM-refio'Oal; wpea'Befiew, 19 ? ? 20, 240 his, 242; tiny? i? e~
00m, 57 ? 15, Lys. 12 ? 30 (with inre? in Dem. 19 ? 157, 57 ? 29); dpaprd-
way, 19 5 36,9 5 25, 42 5 10, [17]? 21, [59] ? 44, Lys. 25 519, 31 ? 20, [20]
? 22; duckeiv, Aeschin. 8 ? 88; daefieiv, Lys. [6] ? 5; aw? poveim
Aeschin. 2 ? 4; veavufiuv, Dem. 21 ? 18; Bubvac, 22 ? ? 23, 77; 19
? ? 199, 200, Lys. 16 ? 1. With none of these verbs (except Wig'eo-Om)
does Demosthenes use ime? .
The same construction is found with the Perf. and Pluperf. of Ae? yw,
clpn'rat, etc. , Dem. [521 $11, 24 ? 4, [as] 5 as, Aeschin. 1 5 3, a 55 9, 24, Lys.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 156 FIRST OLYNTHIAG I ? 28
24? 4, 31 ?
where the speaker expresses an ungrudging recognition of the
fact ([42] ? 22 ml). of! ? 00v65).
When a speaker in mentioning a fact desires to denote his own opinion
of it, the most emphatic form of approval is that expressed by a principal
111212588111 Xen. C1112 Vii 5, 48 1) Kaolin iwoi-qo'a; . . ipe? 'a; Toll Ae? you, Plato
Phaedo 600 :11 'y' Enable-a; dvmvfia'as n. 6, Lys. 28 ? 8 Irish}; iflolna'cv
017M "Amnimu 12w Blow.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 154 FIRST 0L YNTHIAU I ? 28
When the fact and the opinion have a similar stress laid on both, we
have le priiwipal verbs, 8. 8 in 20 ? 149 I'ENi-pxlp 1rE'v're rdAavT' droSoih/al.
ge? ypagev 0510s . . mi 2am}; e'n-oiei (21 ? 212 quoted above, 25 ? 97, Lys.
2 ? 1 , Aristoph. Ran. 584, Ecol. 804).
Most commonly the opinion is expressed by a participle. This may be
placed a) after the principal verb, as in Plato Rep. 351 c (A) vol. fip xapi-
9mm, )e6 7e at: math, cp. Symp. 174 E MAG>>; ye froth mi, Lac . 102, 13
0,0039 ye m) Myuw, Gorg. 451 n, 511 c, Euthg/d. 273A, Crat. 399 A, Xen. do
re equestri 1, 3, 00? . 16, 2, Antiphon 1 ? 29, Dem. 8 ? 42 of: xaxibs Auyz? 6~
news, 29 ? 18 upwe? e? lievo; (op. 37 ? 23, 58 5 31, Lys. 18 ? 70), Isocr. 5 ? 7
? m4>povo|7vreq, Plato Phil. 19D bpduie 5pdwrs; (Xen. Cyr. iv 4, 6, Isocr.
9 ? 54), Aeschin. 8 ? 232 (pa-ti "Ev E1'ITUXG25' Elval. d); Klll. c'd-re? Kahlil; 1r0|. -
oi'ay-rsf, Lys. 24? 14 oiire {lasts Tori-rip n'1v min-37v e? 'xs're 'yvu'nmv 056' 0510;
VILLV 5U 1rouuv.
The participle may also be placed (1;) before the principal verb. This is
apparently the last stage in the development of this coustmctiun. '21 ? 2
Kala}; xal. ra'. Sixaw. #01. qu 6 Sine; Jipyio'e-r], 57 ? 6 KaMZ); rainfall-res
foils fiSinme? vovs (inavfas o'eo'u'ma-rs, Ep. 1 ? 8 oi. 0:07. u'n'nmv-res' fill! 1re? Mv
chroSedu'mavw f)va Bouhnhrmflm, 18 ? 231 117'; 85 ? u\n. v0pw1rim; (Of Philip)
i'lpeig K. 1r. ('happily') 1m); Kapn'oin; xexe? purQe, cp. 20 ? 110, 23 ? 143, E1).
2 ? 19 and 3 ? 26, Prooem. 86 ? 1 (Rehdantz Index s. v. Partieipium).
The Partieiple and the Principal Verb are both found in [10] ? 88 i; 'l'llX'I',
MIMI); rotor-Iva. iroMii werroinxe 18L xowci . . m'nisqu oiafie? v {npioune'vov 16w
'nis oilm'ae ixe? v-nuv . . oi ydp (inopol. miv-res EpXovral. picfle'fovrcs 1oil1'ou, Kai.
xaMus reunion.
258. 'roirs iv fiktqu, ' those of military age,' serviceable and
able-bodied men between 18 and 60. Op. 3 ? ? 4, 34; 4 ? 7,
Thuc. vi 24, 2, Xen. Hell. vi 5, 12 and Cyr. vi 2, 37 (ol 6>> 'r'g
UTPGTCUO'l/Mp or o'rpa'nwnky fihudq), 21 ? 95 e? o'Tpa'reupe? l/os 1rdo'as'
rds e? ? ' fihmlas cr'rpa'rcias.
260. (bofiepol. dn'ihakes Kr)>>, 'redoubtable defenders of the
security (or 'integrity') of their country,' champions to keep
their country unviolated by foreign invasion. The oath of the
Ephebi contained a clause--Thu warpioa ae 017:: Adams "meow,
whale: 5e Kal zipelw, 50'1711 a>> rapafie? fw/iai (Stobaeus 43, 48).
In Plato's Laws 760 n f the duty of xe? pav (pi/M116"! is assigned
to citizens between 25 and 30 years of age. 6. xepafov:
proleptic, 4 ? 8. [44] ? 23 (Till! 1ra'rpqiav nooiav) dke? paiov (1:1)th-
roxrres. dxe? paws, purus, sincerus, integer, a prose word used by
Eur. (1)=dmiparos, 'unmixed,' 'uneorrupt,' 'guileless,' 'pure';
(2) 'entire,' 'unharmed,' 'unraoaged,' Herod. iii 146, Thuc. ii
18, 5 Tfis 7? ]: {n szpalou 000-17: (opp. to Tit-17060"). Synonymous
with d1r6p0rrros (oracle in Herod. vii 141 ; applied to Attica in
Eur. Mod. 826). The phrase ? 0Bepot ? 13Mu<es l s olxetas
dxepafou rises above the ordinary level of prose, an happens
to be metrically equivalent to the end of an anapaestic system.
261. 'roirs Myov'ras, robs Mropas, TOl'Ii' rohzreuo/Le? vovs, 3 ? ? 21,
24 ; 6 ? 44, 9 ? 38. Yv' ui--eiime. p48"; ye? vuv'rai, 'that
they may pass a good account of their statesmanship ' (K. )
("Will- is here metaphorical; the reference is to a moral and not
a pecuniary responsibility like that attaching to public officials.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? I ? 28 FIRST OLYNTHIAC' 155
261 f. wiv wewohvrevpivuv and (264) 16w wewpaype? vwv : both
followed by airro'is. With the Perf. (or Pluperf. ) Passive the
place of inre? with Gen. is often taken by the simple Dat. of the
Agent.
In Demosthenes this construction is limited to comparatively few verbs,
especially updr-rw (found 80 times). It occurs 60 times with the Perf.
Participle of that verb, and always in the neuter Plural (similarly in
Aeschines, Lysias, Isocrates, Isaeus). The Dat.
usually follows the Parti-
ciple, unless special emphasis is intended (as in 5 ? 18, 18 ? 79, 19 ? 291,
20 ? 80, 21 ? ? 175, 181; [13] ? 26); the emphasis is sometimes slight, as
with 10611911129 ? 1, [58] ? 19, 21 ? ? 19, 127, 129, and with other Datives
in [58] ? 30, [60] ? 12. 106",>> follows the Participle in 54 ? 37, 19 ? 24, 37
? 19, 21 55 217, 227; 35 ? 55, [58] ? 3. Sometimes the Dat. is emphatic,
although placed after the Participle for special reasons, as in 18 ? 17, 51
? 9, 19 ? ? 32, 67.
With the Perf. Ind. or Inf. the Subject is either a neuter Pronoun in
Plural, as mfna, 61, 111676. , or in Singular, as n', 8, 70910 : or a Pronoun like
0586/, wiivra, woAAci: or an Adjective in neuter Plural 88 ro'wav-rc'a, 8? LV67? P? L
The Verb stands without a Subject in 5 ? 21.
Among the 15 examples of Perf. Ind. with Dat. there are three in
which 6110? . no. 1 rod-rot; stands in an emphatic position before we? wpax-mi,
one in which 101; dMoic is placed for em basis at the end of the clause
and after we'wpaxmi. In passages where t e Dat. is unemphatic, it stands
either before or after the Verb.
ime? is found before wewpaype'va. only in 19 ? 117 16. {mo (Inonpd-rov;
wewp. , and before nenpaype? voig (to avoid the collocation of two Datives)
in 19 ? 9 rots {up' e'avrov wewpa ne'vou; (lb. 95, 36 ? 34; cp. Lys. 14 ? 19,
Isocr. 5 ? 79, 12 ? 184). The at. of Agent follows the Dat. Participle
in 2 ? 10 1'02; wewp. (Di/\iwwop and 41 ? 24 roi; wewp. e'av'rq'ai it precedes in
Lys. 14 ? 17 wpbs 1'02; e'xei'mp wewp. The Dat. Plural has not been found in
this collocation.
The Subject is never a person ; if it is a substantive it is cognate in sense
with wpdrrew, Isocr. 15 ? 76 115v e? 'p-ywv 713v wewp. ail-role, ib. 306 111w
Ep'ywv 115v rfi woken wewp. , Aeschin. 3 ? 343 e'xu'o'np woAMi Kai. Kala. ipya.
we'wpax'nu, 1 ? 37 wspi. ewlrndevnd'rwv Toni-rip wewp. , Dem. 21 ? 19 1'6. wepi.
1:411 e'oprnv Michigan: Toni-Hp wewp.
The Aor. nanOfivai. is rarely found with the Dat. , 36 ? 3 26. wpuXOe'vm
7015119, op. 37 ? ? 6, 9; 23 ? 48 'iv' 6n? wore Tofip'yov e'wpe? XOn 7015119 76. ? 1: rdw
ve? nwv imfip e 85mm, where it is due to a desire for symmetry of form.
The Imp . is found only in 3 ? 26 01'; yap sic weptova'iav e'wpci'r're-r' 0. 67029
16. T1]; we? Aewq, where cl; wcp. shows that the Bat. is akin to a Dat.
cmnmodi.
Among synonyms of wpe? -rrew, woleiv is thus used (in Pcrf. Pass. ) only
in Lys. [6] ? ? 33, 50 (of poetical com sition in Dem. 19 ? 247; of works
of art in [61] ? 16); ep'ydg'ecraat in 8111. 20 ? 87, 21 ? 107, [53] ? 18, Lys.
12 ? ? 1, 37, 89, Isocr. 4 ? 92; woveiv in 5 5 20; e'wl'rn8uiew in Lys.
13 ? 65. Among kindred verbs we have Sloterv, Dem. 22 ? 74, 19
? 22; woALrefietv, as here and in 24 ? 159 7519 oierqu wewohirevpe'vwv, 18
? 59 1'ch incl wewoA. , Isocr. 16 ? 45 111w Tum'q wewoA. , Lys. 21 ? 18 061109
nyofipai p. 01 wewoM-refio'Oal; wpea'Befiew, 19 ? ? 20, 240 his, 242; tiny? i? e~
00m, 57 ? 15, Lys. 12 ? 30 (with inre? in Dem. 19 ? 157, 57 ? 29); dpaprd-
way, 19 5 36,9 5 25, 42 5 10, [17]? 21, [59] ? 44, Lys. 25 519, 31 ? 20, [20]
? 22; duckeiv, Aeschin. 8 ? 88; daefieiv, Lys. [6] ? 5; aw? poveim
Aeschin. 2 ? 4; veavufiuv, Dem. 21 ? 18; Bubvac, 22 ? ? 23, 77; 19
? ? 199, 200, Lys. 16 ? 1. With none of these verbs (except Wig'eo-Om)
does Demosthenes use ime? .
The same construction is found with the Perf. and Pluperf. of Ae? yw,
clpn'rat, etc. , Dem. [521 $11, 24 ? 4, [as] 5 as, Aeschin. 1 5 3, a 55 9, 24, Lys.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 156 FIRST OLYNTHIAG I ? 28
24? 4, 31 ?
