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1175
TRIPTOLEMUS.
COIN OF C. CURIATIUS TRIGEMINUS.
car a
riatius), and below ROMA. (Eckhel, vol. v. p. 199, Rhodos, and the father of Iphimedeia and Erysi-
foll. )
chthon (Apollod. i. 7. § 4 ; Diod. v. 56 ; Steph.
Byz. 8. v. Tpióniov ; Ov. Met. viii. 751); he is also
called the father of Pelasgus. (Paus. ii. 22. $ 2. )
He expelled the Pelasgians from the Dotian plain,
but was himself obliged to emigrate, and went to
Caria, where he founded Cnidus on the Triopian
promontory. (Diod. b c. ; Herod. i 174. ) His son
Erysichthon was punished by Demeter with insa-
ROMA
tiable hunger, because he had violated her sacred
grove (Callim. Hymn in Cor. 25, &c. ); but others
relate the same of Triopas himself. (Hygin. Poet.
Astr. ii. 14; comp. Schol. ad Theocrit. xvii. 69. )
The statue of Triopas with a horse stood at Delphi,
TRIGONEIA or TRITOGENEIA (Tpoyóveia being an offering of the Cuidians. (Paus. x. 11.
or Tpitoyévela), a daughter of Acolus, and the $ 1. )
wife of Minyas, or according to others, the mother
2. A son of Phorbas, an Argive, was the father
of Minyas by Poseidon. (Tzetz. ad Lyc. 873 ; of Iasus, Agenor and Messeve. (Paus. ii. 16. § 1,
Schol. ad Pind. Pyth. iv. 120. ) (L. S. ] iv. 1. & 2. )
(L. S. )
TRIO, L. FULCI'NIUS, a notorious informer TRIPHYLUS (Τρίφυλος), και son of Arcas
under Tiberius (celebre inter accusatores Trionis from whom Tryphylia, a portion of Elis, was be-
ingenium, Tac. Ann. ii. 28), and one of the friends lieved to have derived its name. (Polyb. iv. 77;
and favourites of Tiberius. He is first mentioned Paus. x. 9. & 3. )
[L. S. ]
in A. D. 16, when he was the chief instrument in TRIPTOʻLEMUS (Tpiatbeuos), a
Bon of
procuring the condemnation of the praetor L. Scri- Celeus and Metaneira or Polymnia, or according to
bonius Libo. In A. D. 20 he accused Piso before others, a son of king Eleusis by Cothonea (or
the consuls, and in consequence of that service Cyntinea, or Hyona, Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i. 19;
was allowed by Tiberius to become a candidate Schol. ad Stat. Theb. ii. 382. ) Others again describe
for the higher honours of the state. In A. D. 31 him as a son of Oceanus and Gaea, as a younger
he was consul with P. Memmius Regulus, in which brother or relation of Celeus, as a son of Trochilus
year Sejanus was put to death. Being a friend of by an Eleusinian woman, as a son of Rharus by a
Sejanus, Trio was suspected of favouring his cause, daughter of Amphictyon, or lastly, as
& son of
and vehement disputes arose in consequence be- Dysaules. (Hygin. Fab. 147 ; Apollod. i. 5. § 2 ;
tween the two consuls. By pretending great Paus. i. 14. & 2; Hom. Hymn, in Cer. 153. ) Tri-
anxiety to bring the accomplices of Sejanus to jus- ptolemus was the favourite of Demeter, and the
tice, the fall of Trio was postponed for a short time; inventor of the plough and agriculture, and of
but in a. D. 35, having been accused and thrown civilisation, which is the result of it. He was the
into prison, he did not choose to wait till he was great hero in the Eleusinian mysteries. (Plin. H.
formally condemned, and therefore put an end to N. vii. 56; Callim. Hymn. in Cer. 22; Virg. Georg.
his own life, after first making his will, in which i. 19. ) According to Apollodorus, who makes
he attacked in the severest terms Macro and the Triptolemus & son of Celeus and Metaneira, De-
principal freedmen of Tiberius, as well as the meter, on her arrival at Eleusis in Attica, undertook
emperor himself. (Tac. Ann. ii. 28, 30, iii. 10, as nurse the care of Demophon, a brother of
19, v. ll, vi. 4, 38 ; Dion Cass. Iviii. 9, 25. )
Triptolemus, who had just been born. In order to
TRIO, LUCRETIUS, known only from coins, make the child immortal, Demeter at night put
on which we find Cn. Lucretius Trio and L. Lu him into a fire, but as Metaneira on discovering
cretius Trio. The specimen annexed has on the the proceeding, screamed out, the child was con-
obverse the head of the Sun, and on the reverse sumed by the flames. As a compensation for this
the Moon surrounded by the seven Triones, or the bereavement, the goddess gave to Triptolemus a
constellation of the Great Bear. (See Dict. of chariot with winged dragons and seeds of wheat.
Antiq. p. 147, 2d ed. ) These devices, like many According to others Triptolemus first sowed barley
in modern heraldry, are a kind of punning on in the Rharian plain, and thence spread the culti-
the name. The Sun and Moon give the greatest vation of grain all over the earth ; and in later
light (luc-em), and thus have reference to the times an altar and threshing floor of Triptolemus
gentile name Lucretius; while the seven Triones
were shown there. (Paus. i. 38. § 6. ) In the
are an evident allusion to the surname. (Eckhel, Homeric hymn on Demeter, Triptolemus is described
vol. v. p. 239. )
as one of the chief men of the country, who like
other nobles is instructed by Demeter in her sacred
worship (123, 474, &c. ); but no mention is
made of any relationship between him and Celeus.
TRIO
In the tradition related by Hyginus, who makes
Triptolemus a son of Eleusis, Triptolemus himself
was the boy whom the goddess wished to make im-
LLUCRETI
mortal. Eleusis, who was watching her, was dis-
oore. . . .
covered by her and punished with instant death.
(Ov. Trist. iii. 8. 2. ) Triptolemus, after having
received the dragon-chariot, rode in it all over the
COIN OF L. LUCRETIUS TRIO.
earth, making man acquainted with the blessings
TRI'OPAS (Tpónas or Tploy). 1. A son of of agriculture. (Comp. Paus. vii. 18. & 2, viii. 4.
Poseidon and Canace, a daughter of Aeolus (Schol. § 1; Ov. Met. v. 646, &c. ) On his return to
ad Callim. Hymn, in Cer. 100) or of Helios and | Attica, king Celeus wanted to kill him, but by the
this
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1176
TRITON.
TROILUS.
command of Demeter be was obliged to give up his mouth, with the teeth of animals, sea-green eyes,
country to Triptolemus, which he now called after hands rough like the surface of a shell, and instead
his father Eleusis. He now established the worship of feet, a tail like that of dolphins. (Comp. Orph.
of Demeter, and instituted the Thesmophoria Hymn. 23. 4; Plin. H. N. xvi. 4, 7. ) The chief
(Hygin. Fab. 147; comp. Dionys. Hal. i. 12; 0v. characteristic of Tritons in poetry as well as in
Fast. iv. 507, &c. ) He bad temples and statues works of art is a trumpet consisting of a shell
both at Eleusis and Athens (Paus. i. 14. § 1, 38. | (concha), which the Tritons blow at the command
$ 6. ) Triptolemus is represented in works of art of Poseidon, to soothe the restless waves of the
as a youthful hero, sometimes with the petasus, on sea (Ov. Me. i. 333), and in the fight of the
a chariot drawn by dragons, and holding in his Gigantes this trumpet served to frighten the ene
hand a sceptre and corn ears. (See Müller, Anc. mies. (Hygin. Poet. Astr. ii. 23; comp. Paus. viii.
Art. and its Rem. $ 358. )
(L. S. ) 2. & 3; Mosch. ii. 20 ; Virg. Aen. 4. 209, &c. ; Os.
TRITAEA (Tpítala), a daughter of Triton, a Met. ii. 8; Plin. H. N. ix. 5. ) Tritons were some
priestess of Athena, by whom Ares became the times represented with two horse's feet instead of
father of Melanippus, who gave to a town in Achaia arms, and they were then called Centaur-Tritens
the name of his mother. Sacrifices were offered or Ichthyocentaurs. (Tzetz. ad Lyc. 34,886, 892. )
there to Ares and Tritaea in the temple of Athena. Their figures are frequently mentioned in works of
(Paus. vii. 22. & 5, &c. )
(L. S. ) art, as in the sanctuary of Poseidon on the Corin-
TRITANNUS, a man distinguished for his thian isthmus (Paus. ii. 1. $ 7), in the temple of
remarkable strength. (Cic. de Fin. i. 3; Plin. Dionysus at Tanagra (ix. 20. § 4 ; comp. Aelian,
H. N. vii. 19. s. 20; Solin, c. 4. )
H. A. xii. 21), in the pediment of the temple of
TRITANTAECHMES (Tpitavtalguns). 1. Saturn at Rome. (Macrob. Sat. i. 8; comp. Hirt,
A Persian satrap of Babylon, son of Artabazus. Mythol. Billerb. p. 152; Müller, Anc. Art, and its
(Herod. i. 192. )
Rem. § 402. )
2. A son of Artabanus (No. 1), and a cousin 2. The god of lake Tritonis in Libya, is, like
therefore of Xerxes, was one of the commanders of Glaucus, a marine divinity connected with the story
the Persian infantry when the barbarians invaded of the Argonauts. (Apollon. Rhod. iv. 1552, &c. ;
Greece in B. C. 480. After the battle of Thermo-
Orph. Argon. 337 ; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 34, 754 ;
pylae, when the Persians had been informed by Herod. iv. 179. )
[L. S. ]
some Arcadian deserters of the contests at Olympia TRITOʻNIS (Tpitwvis). 1. A nymph of lake
for no other prize than a simple olive-crown, Tri- Tritonis in Libya, who according to an ancient
tantaechmes exclaimed that men who thus strove, tradition was the mother of Athena by Poseidon.
not for gain, but for glory, could not be attacked (Herod. iv. 180; Pind. Pyth. iv. 20. ) By Amphi-
with much chance of success, a sentiment which themis she became the mother of Nasamon and
Xerxes ascribed to cowardice. (Herod. vii. 82, Caphaurus. (Apollon. Rhod. iv. 1495. )
121, viii. 26. )
(E. E. ] 2. A surname of Athena, like Tritogeneia and
TRITO or TRITOGENEIA (Tpitb or Tpito Tritonia. (Apollon. Rhod. i. 72, 109; Virg. Aen.
gévela and Tpitoyevns), a surname of Athena i. 171. )
[L. S. )
(Hom. I. iv. 515, Od. iii. 378 ; Hes. Theog. 924), TROEZEN (Tpouchy), a son of Pelops, and
which is explained in different ways. Some derive founder of the town of Troezen or Troezene. He
it from lake Tritonis in Libya, near which she is was the father of Anaphlystus and Sphettus. (Paus.
said to have been born (Eurip. Ion, 872; Apollod. ii. 30. § 8, &c. ; Parthen. Erot. 31. ) (L. S. )
i. 3. § 6; comp. Herod. iv. 150, 179); others from TROGUS, C. MA'RIUS, a triumvir of the
the stream Triton near Alalcomenae in Boeotia, mint under Augustus, occurs only on coins, a spe-
where she was worshipped, and where according cimen of which is annexed. On the obverse is the
to some statements she was also born (Paus. ix. head of Augustus, and on the reverse two men
33. $ 4; comp. Hom. N. iv. 8); the grammarians, standing, with the legend C. MARIVS C. F. TRO. III.
lastly, derive the name from tpitó which, in the vir. (Eckhel, vol. v. p.