735 Death of Bede (most
probable
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Jackson, T. G. Byzantine and Romanesque Architecture. London. 1921.
Kondakoff
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Kraus, F. X. Geschichte des christlichen Kunst. Vol. 1 and vol. 11, 1 te Abth.
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>
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## p. 646 (#692) ############################################
646
CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE
OF
LEADING EVENTS MENTIONED IN THIS VOLUME
463 Death of St Patrick.
c. 490-583 Cassiodorus.
576-636 Isidore of Seville.
594 Death of Gregory of Tours.
597 Death of Columba.
Augustine's mission in Kent.
604 Death of St Gregory the Great.
615 Death of Columban.
690 Death of Benedict Biscop.
704 Death of Adamnan.
709 Death of Aldhelm.
732 Victory of Charles Martel over the Saracens at Poitiers.
735 Death of Bede (most probable date).
756 'Abd-ar-Raḥmān ibn Muřāwiya, emir of Spain.
c. 787 First landing of the Vikings in England.
796 Death of Offa of Mercia.
c. 800 The invasions of the Northmen begin.
802–825 The Northmen establish themselves in Ireland.
802–839 Reign of Ecgbert as king of Wessex.
804 Death of Alcuin.
814–840 Reign of Louis the Pious.
817 Divisio Imperii. Death of St Benedict of Aniane.
824 Promulgation of the Constitutio Romana.
825 Conquest of Cornwall by Ecgbert.
Collapse of Mercia.
826 St Anskar's first mission to Scandinavia.
827-831 Saracen conquest of Sicily.
833 The Field of Lies.
834 The Norsemen attack the Frankish Empire in force.
835 Resumption of Viking raids upon England.
840 Death of Einhard.
840-855 Reign of Lothar I.
840–876 Reign of Louis the German.
840–877 Reign of Charles the Bald.
841 Battle of Fontenoy (25 June).
841-891 Height of the Viking invasions.
842 Oath of Strasbourg (14 Feb. ).
843 Sack of St Peter's at Rome by the Saracens.
Treaty of Verdun (Aug. ). Division of the Frankish Empire.
844-860 Kenneth Mac Alpin of Scotland
## p. 647 (#693) ############################################
Chronological Table
647
845–882 Hincmar, archbishop of Rheims.
847 Pope Leo IV walls the Leonine City.
c. 850 Pseudo-Isidorian Decretals.
Rurik, the Scandinavian, of Russia.
851 The Danes first winter in Thanet.
855 Death of the Emperor Lothar I and division of his lands.
855-869 Reign of Lothar II in Lorraine.
855-875 Reign of the Emperor Louis II in Italy.
856 Death of Raban Maur.
857 Photius, Patriarch of Constantinople.
858–867 Pope Nicholas I.
859-862 Second expedition of the Norsemen to Spain and the Mediter-
ranean.
864 St Cyril and St Methodius among the Moravians.
867 Schism of East and West in the affair of Photius.
868 Death of Ratramn.
869 Death of Lothar II (8 Aug. ).
Charles the Bald crowned king of Lorraine (6 Oct. ).
Martyrdom of St Edmund.
c. 870 Harold Fairhair founds the kingdom of Norway.
870 Submission of East Anglia to the Northmen.
Partition of Lorraine at Meersen (8 Aug. ).
871 Battle of Ashdown.
871-899 Reign of Alfred the Great.
872–882 Pope John VIII.
874 The Norse begin to settle in Iceland.
875 Death of the Emperor Louis II (12 Aug. ).
Imperial Coronation of Charles the Bald (25 Dec. ).
876 Death of Louis the German (28 Aug. ).
Colonisation of Northumbria by the Danes.
877 Settlement of the Five Boroughs.
Assembly of Quierzy (14 June).
Death of Charles the Bald (6 Oct. ).
878 Battle of Edington.
Peace between Alfred and Guthrum at Chippenham (the so-called
Treaty of Wedmore).
879–887 Boso, king of Provence.
880 Treaty of Ribemont (all Lorraine ceded to Germany).
c. 880 Death of John Scottus (Erigena).
881-887 Charles the Fat as Emperor.
882 Death of Hincmar, archbishop of Rheims (21 Dec. ).
Murder of Pope John VIII. Triumph of Roman nobles.
884 Union of the Frankish kingdoms under the Emperor Charles the
Fat.
885 Recapture of London by Alfred, and Alfred and Guthrum's Peace.
885-887 The Northmen besiege Paris.
887 Final disruption of the Empire of Charles the Great.
887-899 Arnulf, king of Germany.
888-898 Odo, king of France.
888-911 or 912 Rodolph I, king of Jurane Burgundy.
c. 890 The Saracens seize Fraxinetum.
891 King Arnulf defeats the Northmen near Louvain.
895 The Magyars settle in Hungary.
896 Arnulf crowned Emperor.
## p. 648 (#694) ############################################
648
Chronological Table
898–923 Reign of Charles the Simple of France.
899-911 Reign of Louis the Child of Germany.
899-925 Reign of Edward the Elder.
900 The Hungarian ravages begin.
901 Louis (the Blind), now king of Italy, receives the Imperial Crown.
910 Foundation of Cluny.
911-918 Conrad I of Germany.
911 Convention of St Clair-sur-Epte, and definitive establishment of the
Northmen in France.
Beginning of the reconquest of the Danelaw.
Charles the Simple gains Lorraine.
912–919 Aethelfeda, Lady of the Mercians.
914-929 Pope John X.
915 Defeat of the Saracens at the Garigliano.
919-938 Henry I (the Fowler), king of Germany.
922 Revolt of France from the Carolingians.
925–939 Reign of Aethelstan.
925 Lorraine finally united to Germany.
926–945 Reign of Hugh of Provence in Italy (d. 948).
927-941 Odo, abbot of Cluny.
928–936 St Wenceslas (Václav), duke of Bohemia.
929 Death of Charles the Simple.
'Abd-ar-Raḥmān III declares himself Caliph in Spain.
c. 931-933 Treaty for the union of Burgundy and Provence.
932–954 Alberic, ruler of Rome.
933 Defeat of the Hungarians at Riade (15 Mar. ).
935 Death of Gorm the Old, king of Denmark.
935–970 Fernan Gonzalez, count of Castile.
936 Carolingian Restoration (Louis d'Outremer) in France.
936–973 Reign of Otto the Great.
937 Battle of Brunanburh.
939 Rebellion of the German dukes.
939–946 Reign of Edmund of England.
943 Dunstan made abbot of Glastonbury.
946-955 Reign of Eadred of England.
947 The Kalbite dynasty of Sicily founded.
950 Berengar II crowned king of Italy.
951-952 First expedition of Otto the Great to Italy.
953-954 Second rebellion of the German dukes.
954 England under one king.
954–994 Maiolus, abbot of Cluny.
954–986 Reign of Lothair in France.
955 Defeat of the Hungarians in the Lechfeld (10 Aug. ).
955-963(4) John XII (Octavian), Pope.
959-975 Reign of Edgar the Peaceable of England.
960 Final establishment of Otto's rule in Germany.
960-988 Dunstan, archbishop of Canterbury.
961-964 Otto's second expedition to Italy.
962 Otto the Great, Emperor of the West.
963 Deposition of Pope John XII (4 Dec. ), and election of Leo VIII, the
Emperor's nominee.
966-972 Otto's third expedition to Italy.
968 Adalbert, first archbishop of Magdeburg, appointed.
969 Conquest of Egypt by the Fatimites.
## p. 649 (#695) ############################################
Chronological Table
649
970–1035 Sancho the Great, king of Navarre.
972 Marriage of Otto II and Theophano.
Capture of Frainet (Fraxinetum).
973-983 Otto II, Emperor of the West.
975-978 Reign of Edward the Martyr of England.
977 War of the three Henries.
978-1002 Almanzor, prime minister in Spain.
978–1016 Reign of Aethelred the Unready.
980 Renewal of Scandinavian invasions of England.
c. 980-1040 Peace of God.
982 Otto II defeated by the Saracens. Revolt of the Wends from Ger-
many.
983 Otto II nominates a Lombard Pope (John XIV), the first to take a
papal name.
983-991 Regency of Theophano.
983–1002 Otto III, Emperor of the West.
985–996(8) Crescentius II, patrician of Rome.
987-996 Hugh Capet, king of France.
c. 989 Vladímir of Russia becomes Christian.
991-1009 Peter Orseolo II, doge of Venice.
992–1025 Boleslav (Bolesław) Chrobry, duke of Poland.
994-1049 Odilo, abbot of Cluny.
996 Otto III nominates a German Pope (Gregory V).
996–1037 Reign of Robert the Pious of France.
999 Otto III nominates a French Pope (Sylvester II).
1000 The Hungarians become Christian under St Stephen.
Foundation of the archbishopric of Gnesen for Poland.
1000–1025 Burchard, bishop of Worms, canonist.
1001 St Stephen crowned king of Hungary.
Foundation of the archbishopric of Gran for Hungary.
1002 Death of the Emperor Otto III (23 Jan. ).
Massacre of St Brice's Day.
Saracens defeated at Bari by the Venetians.
1002–1012 John Crescentius (III), patrician of Rome.
1002–1014 Reign of Ardoin of Ivrea in Italy.
1002–1024 Reign of Henry II, Emperor of the West.
1003 Death of Pope Sylvester II (Gerbert).
1004 Henry II crowned king of the Lombards at Pavia.
Richard, abbot of St Vannes.
1007 Establishment of the see of Bamberg.
1007-1029 Fulbert, bishop of Chartres.
1012 Murder of Archbishop Alphege (Aelfheah).
