No More Learning

basket out window, avoid the persecution Aretas
And what wisdom and policy used from time time escape the malice enemies,
the Acts the apostles declare. And after
the same sort did the other apostles; albeit, praised, and we doubt not but
when came such point, that they could longer escape danger the persecutors
God's true religion, then they shewed them selves, that they lying before came not fear,
Christ; then they shewed how little they
Christ's own sweet school. Heaven all and
wholly our side; therefore Gaudete Do mino semper, iterum gaudete crultate, Rejoice always the Lord and again, rejoice and glad. Your assured Christ, Rowlax
but godly wisdom more good; and
that they would not rashly without urgent me TAYLoR. ”
cessity offer themselves death, which had
been but temptation God. Yea, when De Tho. Cranmeri Archiepiscopi qui carcere de they were apprehended, and could ionger
avoid, then they stood boldly the profession
Sed revocas lubricos meliora pedes. passed death; how much they feared God Te docuit lapsus magis vestigia firmes,
more than men, how much they loved and pre Atque magis Christo consocière tuo ferred the eternal life come above this short Utdue tuæ melius studeas harescere causae;
and miserable life. Wherefore exhort you well, Christ's commandment, the ex
ample him and apostles, withdraw
Sic mala non raro causa fuere boni.
bene successit; nam ficta adultera turba
Illudens aliis, luditur arte pari.
timebatur palinodia.
TE Cranmere, gravis sontem prope fecerat error;
his
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s37]
STATE TRIALS, I MARY, 1. 553. -for Treason and Heresy. [833
certos actus processerat, ipsum Tho mam super praemissis examinaverat, citatione praedicta, una cum jus legitima executione partibus facta, coram eodem Jacobo cardinali
iudicialiter producta, processu per audien tiam literarum nostrarum contradictarum con
tra eundem Thoman citatum non compa renten decreto, cum processu coram dicto episc. Gloucestrensi contra ipsum Thornam partibus habito coram praefato Jacobo cardinali productus fuisset, idem Thomas, cita tus, contraeum nihil diceret, imo comparere non curaret, prafato Thoma videndum per
reverend Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas ipsum Jacobum cardinalem referri causam Cranmer. referri juramentum supplementum plena:
probationis quantum opus esset, conclu “ PAULUs Episcopus servus servorum Dei dendum audiendum sententian definitivam, charissimo in Christo filio Philippo Regi, & certam tunc expressam diem, horam per charissimae in Christofilia: Mariae Regina An audientiam literarum contradictarun hujus
gliae, Francia, illustribus ac venerabilibus fra modi citato, omnibus actis actitatis causis tribus Londinensi & Eliensi Episcopis salutem, finjusmodi diligenter visis consideratis, cau & apostolicam benedictionem. Dudum per saun ipsam ac omnia pramissis actitata no
bis consistorio nostro secreto sideliter retulit: Qua relatione nobis praefertur facta, causa ipsa cum venerabilibus fratribus nostris sanctae
Nempe pia sic est frustratus frande papismus; Et cessit summo gloria tota Dco.
In mortem D. Cranmeri Cant. Archiepiscopi.
Infortunate est foelix, qui numine la so Cuiusvis gaudet commoditate boni.
Infoelix iile est vero foeliciter, orbi Invisus quisquis tristia fate subit.
Hoc Cranmere probas, vitae praesentis amore Dum quaeris sanctam dissimulare fiden:
Et dum consiliis tandem melioribus usus, Praeponis vitae funera sava tua.
A CoMMIssioN sent from the Pope, with the
SENTENcE definitive toproceed against the
Philippe Rex,
literas vestras charissime
Christiana filia Maria Regina nobis significatur,
quod iniquitatis filius Thomas Cranmerus, olim
Archiepiscopus Cantuariens reses aliaq. Romanae ecclesiae cardinalibus, tunc eodem tam grandia enormia crimina erat prolapsus, consistorio existentibus, plenè discussa, ma
quod non solum regimine ecclesiae Cantuarien ture examinata, cum dilecti filii Petrus Rovili
sis reddiderat indignum, verum etiam majori poenae fecerat obnoxium. Nos praemissis certam notitiam non habentes, tanta crimina
us, Clericus Ippotegiensis, Antonius Massa Gallesio dicta curia causarum, vestrum fili rex filia regina procuratores, quorum
vera essent, impunita, ecclesiamo. ipsam sine procurationis mandato actis causa hujus pastore idoneo derelinquere nolentes, dilecto modi legitimis constare, dignoscitur documen filio nostro Jacobo, tituli Sanctae Mariae via, tis, Alexander Paleotarius, fisci nostri pro tunc sancti Simeonis, presbytero cardinali, curator pro eius iure interesse, ipsius puteo nuncupato, vel praemissis etiam sum Thoma citati non comparentis contumaciam marie, simpliciter, plano sine strepitu causa hujusmodi concludi definitivò pro figura judicii, sine ulla terminorum substan nunciari petiissent, nos pro tribunali, throno tialium vel tela judiciaria observatione, citato justitiae, more Romanorum pontificum praede
dicto Thomase informaret, quicquid inve cessorum nostrorum sedentes, causa hujus nisset nobis referret, per specialem commissi modi conclusimus, nostrain desuper scrip onem manu nostra signatam, dedimus man tis, quam per secretarium nostrum egi pub
datis, sibi attribuentes potestatem curia,
licari mandavimus, quam ipse verbo ad
verbum legit publicavit, deinitivam tulimus promulgavimus sententiam, sub hujusmodi
partes decernendi, per tenore. –Nos Paulus, divina providentia Papa opus esse arbitrarer, quartus, salvatoris Domini nostri Jesus exhibendum jura, sive perhibendum testimo Christi, cujus vices (licet immerito) terris
nium, etiam per censuras ecclesiasticas cogendi, gerimus, nomine invocato, tirono iustitiae compellendi, seu, pro celeriori expeditione pro tribunali sedentes, solum Deum, qui
sibivideretur, recipiendum informationem justus est Dominus, iustitia judicat orbe
hujusmodi, aliquem probun virum dignitate terrae, 'pro oculis habentes, per hano nostran
ecclesiastica constitutum partibus istis com definitivam, quam venerabilium fratrum morantem cum simili citandi, inhibendi co nostrorum sanctae Romanae ecclesiae cardina
extra, citandi, soriales, generales
inhibendi, lite compul speciales remissorales,
forma consueta sonas quascundue,
gendi facultate deputandi, subdelegandi: lium consilio ferimus his scriptis, causa sicut exhibita nobis nuper pro parte vestra, causis quae coram dilecto silio nostro Jacobo rex filia regina petitio continebat, dictus Ja tituli sanctae Mariae via, presbytero cardina cobus cardinalis, commissionis huiusmodi vi puteo nuncupato, nobis consistorio gore, citatione partes contra eundem Tho nostro secreto (ut moris est) referenda inter mam vestram, rex filia regina, instan charissimos Christo silios nostros Philippum tiam decreta, venerabilem fratrem nostrum regem Mariam reginam Angliae illustres de episcopum Gloucestrensen, una cum certis
aliis ejus parte collegis, eorum quem
libet solidum informationem super prae
missis recipiendum subdelegavit, eisq. vices
suas praemissis commisit. postouan dic
tus episcopus Gloucestrensis causa hujusmo
nunciatores una, quendam Thomam Cran merun olim archiepiscopum Cantuariensem reum denunciatum super crimine re
aliis excessibus censurisque poenis
propter crimen excessus hujusmodi per dic tum Thomam reutn denunciatum ac confessumi
in
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se se
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de in de in & ut in
S. e in &
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& in in
839] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARY, 1553. -Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [840
& convictum incursis, rebusq. aliis in actis praefato ratione dicti archiepisc. Cantuariens. causa & causarum hujusmodi latius deductis & aliarum praelaturarum si quas obtinuit & ob
ex altera parte in prima instantia vigore spe tinet olim subjectas, a quibuscunque fidelitatis cialis commissionis nostrae versae fuerunt & ver & obedientiae juramentis ei praestitis absolven
tuntur, pronunciamus, sententiamus, decerni das & liberandas fore & esse prout absolvimus mus, & declaramus dictum Thomam tunc Can & liberamus, ac juramenta hujusmodi relaxa tuariensem archiepiscopum, animae suae salutis mus, nec non super omnibus & singulis praedic immemorem, contra regulas & dogmata eccle eidem Thoma, perpetuum silentium imponi
siastica sanctorum patrum nec non apostolicas mus supplentes omnes singulos tam juris
Romanæ ecclesiæ & sacrorum conciliorum tra
ditiones Christianaeq. religionis bactenus in ec
clesia consuetos ritus, praesertim de corporis &
sacri ordinis sacramentis aliter quam sancta causa haeresis per nos fratrum nostrorum mater ecclesia prædicat & observat sentiendo consilio lata appellari non potuerit, dicti & docendo, & sanctae sedis apostolicæ & sum Petrus Antonius Alexander procuratores mi pontificis primatum & authoritatem negan citato per audientian literarum hujusmodi co do, necnon contra processus qui singulis annis ram nobis praefato Thoma videndum decer per predecessores nostros in die coenae domini
more solito celebrati fuerunt, prout & nos dan
te Domino in futurum celebrare intendimus, in
quibus processibus per Romanos Pontifices
predecessores praefatos ad retinendam purita
tem religionis christianae & ipsius unitatem, cutoriales decerni aliquos pralatos qui actu qua in conjunctione membrorum ad unum ca alem ipsius Thomas degradationem faciant put Christum videlicet ejusque vicarium prin eum curiae seculari tradant istis partibus de cipaliter & sanctum fidelium societatem ab of
'fensione servanda consistit, inter alia Wicle fiste & Lutherani & omnes alii hasretici dam
nati & anathematizati fuerunt etiam abjuratam
olim per Berengarium Andagavensem ecclesiæ copi qui actualem ipsius Thoma degradationem diacomum heresin innovando, & tan illam faciatis, facta eum curiae seculari praemis quain etian per damnatae memoria. Johannem taunch ipso actu traditionis incessione ad Wicles, & Martinum Lutherum ha-resiarchas, judicem secularem pro hujusmodi tradendis alias proposita & damnata falsa & haretica per ecclesiam solita fieri tradatis autoritate, dogmata credendo & scquendo & desuper tenore prædictis deputavimus. Quapropter etiam libros scribendo & imprimi faelendo, vos omnes singulos supradictos quibus pre impressosque publicando, in illisque scripta sentes nostra literae diriguntur rogamus, vo etiam in publicis disputationibus defendendo, fratres episcopi per apostolica scripta man acetiam coram subdelegato nostro in respon damus, virtute sanctae obedientiæ sub. sionibus ad positiones sibi factas pertinacitcr suspensionis divinis interdicti ingressus ec asseverando, ac in pertinacia & obstinatione clesiæ sententiis districtius injungimus hujusmodi permanendo, excommunicationis & ulteriorem executionem sententiae nostrae pra:- anathematis necnon privationis archiepiscop. dictæ procedatis. vos rex filia regina, Cantuar, prædicti, allorumque beneficiorum & bona ipsius confiscetis seu per eos quos spec officiorum ecclesiasticorum's qua obtinct, & tat confiscari, ipsum Thomam postguam cu annuarium pensionum si quas super beneficiis ria secularijuxta tenorem presentium traditus
quod juris fuerit, fieri mandetis fa Vos vero fratres episcopi, vel alter ves
ad quoscunque dignitatis & beneficia, & alias dictis exeguamini, nec contra excusationein
ecclesiasticis, assignatas habet, juriumque ac fuerit,
tionum & privilegiorum quorumcunque bono ciatis.
ruin quoque & seniorum ecclesiasticorum pa trum,
trimonialium & secularium nec non inhabitatis sed haec oninia idum sub sententiis pre
contra tales personas tam de jure communi aut exceptionem apponere valeatis autoritate quam per literas processuum praedictorum sta nostra, ceremoniis similibus servari solitis tutas poenas non solum tanquain credentem plene observatis, actualem ipsius Thomas degra horeticis prædictis & illorum sequacem, sed dationen faciatis, eumque postea curia secula etian tanquam haresiarcham notorium damna modo praefertur tradatis, contradictores biliter incidisse & incurrisse; proptereaque ip per censurain ecclesiasticam appellatione post sum Thomain excommunicatum anathematiza posita compescendo non obstantibus constitu tum, & archiepiscopatu Cantuariensi aliisque
proclaturis, dignitatibus, beneficiis, o: officiis &
tionibus ordinationibus apostolicis contrariis
nec non pensionibus, juribus, privilegii-, bonis & feudis praedictis privatum, & ad illa ac alia
inhabitem, curite seculari traden um, borroque (jus per eos ad quos spectat
in terdici, suspendi vel excommunicari non possint per literas apostolicas, non facientes plenam
expressam verbo adverbum indulta confiscanda fore & esse prout eum tradi & Gjus hujusmodi mentionem, Datum Rome apud
bona confiscari mandanus & concedimus, om Sanctum Petrum, anno incarnationis Domini, nes quoque & quascunque personas Thomae milesimo, quingentesimo, quinquagesimo, quin
quain facti defectus, qui forsan processu causae hujusmodi intervenerint pronunciavi mus. Cum autem dicta sententia utpote
literas executoriales aliquem praelatum qui actualem ipsius Thoma degradationem fa
ciateumque curite seculari tradat partibus deputari contumaciam dicti Thomas praefertur citati non comparentis literas exe
Putari per nos multa cum instantia postulave rint: nos hujusmodi justis postulationibus an
nuentes literas executoriales praedictas aposto
lica autoritate decrevimus, vos fratres epis
quod alter pro alterose non excuset,
quibuscunque, aliquibus
autsi communiter vel
division eadem sede indultum, quod
& ri
his sa ni tis
ac de
a
&
de
in
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in
ab&itaid&& &
,
sit
in so ea
Et ac
& si
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fili ad&
ad acin ad
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ad & &ut in
ita
841] STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1953–for Train irrey. [842 to. Decimo nono calendas Januarii, pontifi tibi digne subtrahimus, quia ipsam sponsam
Bacile cum baculo candelabrum cum
sanctificandi benedicendi perdas officium effectum.
J. BARENG. Dei Ecclesiam temere violasti.
Quinto, baculo pastorali per unum minis
catus nostri anno primo.
The For degrading Archbishop. tris manus degradandi tradito, illum aufert PRIM publico extra ecclesian paretur degradator, dicendo:—Auferimus baculum aliquis eminens locus congruens spacii, pro de pastoralem, perinde correctionis officium
gradatione fienda. Item, supra eundein ordi quod turbasti non valeas exercere.
netur una credentia simplici tobalea cooperta. Sexto, chirothecis per ministros extractis de Item, supra eandem credentiam ponantur am gradator abradit degradando pollices manus pulla vini ampulla aquae. Item, liber Evan leniter cum cultello aut vitro, dicendo:—Sic geliorum, liber Epistolarum, liber Exorcismo
rum, liber Lectionum, Antiphonarium. Item,
Mantili. Item, unum
gratia, quantum nobis est privamus,
Item, Item,
tis, alba, cingulum, Manipulus, Tunicella, Sto pontificali, quo inhabilises redditus, abdicamus.
spiritualis benedictionis, delibutionis mystica
candela
:- Consecrationem benedictionem acunctionem Superpellicium, Sandalia cum caligis, amic tibi traditam radendo delemus, ab ordine
claves, forfices, calix cum patina.
extincta.
petia
Septimo, caput degradandi cum eodem aut
cultellus seu
vitri.
vitro abradit degradator, leniter dicendo
Paramenta pro Degradando.
la, Dalmatica, Chirothecae, alia stola Planeta, Mitra, Annulus pontificialis, Pallium, Baculus
pastoralis, aliqua vestis habitus secularis. Pro Degradatore Officialibus.
Tum degradando per ministros extrahuntur sandalia.
Degradatio ordine Presbyteratus. Calice cum vino aqua patina hostia,
Item, paretur faldistorium pro pontifice de per ministros manus degradandi traditis, Con radatore. Item, Sedilia pro Officialibus. secrator aufert potestatem celebrandi, dicens: tem, Adsint Ministri pontificis. Item, Judex —Amovemus te, quin potius amota esse os
secularis, cui degradatus committatur. Item, tendimus, potestatem offerendi Deo sacrificium, Notarius qui processum degradationis legat, Missanque celebrandi, tam pro vivis quam pro opus erit, vel Episcopo degradatori placuerit. defunctis.
Item, Barbitonsor. Item, Hora convenienti Pollices manus abradantur sub hac forma: degradandus, habitu suo quotidiano indutus —Potestatem sacrificandi benedicendi quan super dictum locum adducatur, clericis in unctione manuum pollicum recepisti, tibi duantur omnibus paramentis sui ordinis. Item, tollimus hac rasura.
Eo sic inchito, pontifex degradator indutus annictu, alba, cingulo, stola, pluviali rubeis,
mitra simplici, baculum pastoralem sinis
tra manu tenens ascendet locum praedictum, signante merito expoliamus, quia ipsam ibidem sedebit faldistorio, convenienti Onnen innocentlain exulstl.
loco sibi parato versus populum, astante sibi Quarto, stolam aufert, dicens:—Signum Do
judice seculari. -Tunc degradandus omnibus mini per hanc stolam signatum turpiter ab sui ordinis vestibus sacris indutus, singulis or jecisti: ideoque ipsam amovemus, quem namentis ornatus, habens manibus ornamen inhabilein reddimus ad omne sacerdotale offi tum ordinem suum spectans, sideberet cium exercendum.
suo officio ministrare, adducitur ante Ponti ficem, coram quo genuflectit. Tunc Pontifex degradator (sedens supra) populo vulgari notificat degradationis hujusmodi causam.
Degradatio ordine Diaconatus.
Libro Evangeliorum degradando ma
nus per ministros tradito, degradator aufert
Degradatio ordine Archiepiscopali. Primo, pallium degradator aufert
Stolam auferens humeris degradamdi degra degradator projicit eam post tergum, dicens:–
dando, dicendo:-Praerogativa pontificalis dig nitatis quae pallio designatur eximimus, quia male usus es ea.
Stolam candidam, quam acceperas immacula tam conspectu Domini perferendam, quia non sic cognito mysterio exemplum conversa
Casulam sive planetam per posteriorem par tem captivi accipit degradator, degradandum exuit, dicens:—Weste sacerdotali charitatem
brum, dicens:—Anovemus potestatem le Deinde contra degradandum sententiam fert gendi Evangelium Ecclesia De, quia non
haec verba, sihujusmodi sententialata non sit.
competit nisi dignis.
Dalmaticum aufert dicens:—Levitico or
dine privanus, quia tuum - ministerium non implevisti.
nomine Patris, Filii,
Amen. Quia nos N. Dei gratia Episcopus, &c.
Spiritus Sancti, Apostolicae sedi
Secundo, mitram aufert degradando, dicen tionis tuæ fidelibus praebuisti, plebs dicata
do:—Mitra pontificalis dignitatis, videlicct or
natu, quia eam male praesidendo foedasti, tuum
caput denudamus.
Tertio, librum Evangeliorum degradandi
Epistolarum libro degradando manum quia prædicandi officio, quo spreto Dei gratia tradito, degradator eundem aufert, dicens:–
indignum fecisti, juste privamus. Auferinus tibi potestatem legendi epistolam Quarto, annulum aufert digito degradandi, Ecclesia Dei, quia hoc ministerio indignus dicendo:—Annulum, fidei scillcet signaculum, redditus. *
manibus aufert, dicendo:-Redde Evangelium,
Christi nomini possit exinde imitationem ac quirere, juste amovemus, omne Diacomatus
officium tibi prohibentes.
Degradutio ordine Subdiacoma! us.
es in
li
& &ut
te
In
in in & ad
ac
te
ut
in
1.
3. 2. 1. te
in
a allte
ain &ut
ut
te & &te te
a te
in
ab
& &is,M in of
de à & in ad &
&
a
in
&
&
&
te ac&in&a
an
a in
in
in ab de. . . a
& ab
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-
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and
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IN
*13] STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1833–Proceeding against Archbishop Cranmer, [so
2. Tunicella aufertur, dicendo:—Tunica sub dotii tuo capite amovemus propter regi diacomali te exuimus, cujus cor & corpus timor minis pravitatem.
domini castus & sanctus in atternum permancins Deinde velit Pontifex, dicat:—Quod ore non constrinxit. cantasti, corde non credidisti, nec opere imple
3. Manipulum aufert, dicendo —Depone visti, ideo cantandi officium Ecclesia Dei
miumipulum, quia per fructus bonorum operum
quos designat, non expugnastispiritualis insidias in liiliCl.
4. Amictus aufertur sub hac forma:—Quia
amovemus.
Tum Ministri pontificis exuunt degradatum
veste, habitu clericali, - ipsum induunt habi tu seculari.
degradatus tradi debeat curiae seculari. Pontifex degradator degradatum amplius non 5. Urceolis cum vino & aqua & bacili cum tangit, sed hunc moduin pronunciat, dicens:
vocem tuam non castigasti, ideo amictum a te auscrimus. -
manu-tergio degradando traditis, ea aufert ar —Denunciamus ut hunc exutum omni ordine chidiacon. —Et nihil dicit. privilegio clericali, curia secularis suum
6. Calicem vacuum cum patina traditum in forum recipiat.
manus degradandi, aufert degradator, dicendo; Rogat judicem secularem citra mortis pe Cingulum album & amictum exuunt ministri:— riculum, &c. —Domine judex, rogamus vos Potestatem introcundi sacrarium, tangendi pal cum omni effectu quo possumus, amore Dei, las, vasa & alia indumenta sacra, omneque sub pietatis misericordiae intuitu, nostrorum diaconatus ministerium exercendi à te amove interventu precaminum miserrimo huic nullum Inus. -
Degradatio ab ordine Accolytatus.
Urceolum vacuum in manus degradando tra ditum, aufert degradator, dicens:—Immunde,
vinum & aquam ad Eucharistiam de castero non ministres.
mortis vel mutilationis
inferas.
periculum
The celebrated Mr. Whiston suspected the authenticity the RECANTATIon ascribed Cranmer, and published Tract on the
subject; which being somewhat curious and very scarce, we here reprint, together with
Candelabrum cum cereo extincto degradator
accipit de manibus degradandi, dicens:–Di Strype's Account the Archbishop's Death.
mitte perferendi visibile lumen officium, qui pra bere spirituale moribus neglexisti, ac uni versum Accolytatus officium hic depone.
Degradatio ab ordine Erorcistatus. Librum exorcismorum aufert Pontifex degra
AN EN QUIRY INTO THE Evi DENCE of ARch Bishop CRAN MER's RECANTATION &c.
Before give my Reasons for this suspicion,
shall set down the Copy this Recantation dator, dicens:—Privamus te potestate impo verbatim, from Mr. Fox's Acts and Monuments,
nendi manum super energumenos, & darmones 666, London, 1641, fol. [Here follows the de obsessis corporibus expellendi, omni tibi ex Recantation, given 812. ]—Thus far orcistatus officio interdicto. Mr. Fox's Copy: without the addition
Degradatio ab ordine Lectoratus. date, subscription under the archbishop's Librum Lectionum aufert Pontifex de grada hand, any witnesses that was written
tor, dicens:—In Ecclesia Deinon legas ulte him. The foregoing words indeed are these, rius, neq; cantes, neq; panes aut fructus no ‘the Form which Recantation, made the
vos ullatenus benedicas, quia tuum officium non implevisti fideliter & devote.
Degradatio ab ordine Hostiariatus. Claves Ecclesiae aufert Pontifex degradator, dicens:—Quia in clavibus errasti, claves dimitte,
& quia hostia cordis tui male daemonibus obse rasti, amovemus, a te officium hostiarii, ut non
perchtias cymbalum, non aperias Ecclesian, non sacrarium, non librum amplius prædicanti.
- Degradatio à prima Tonsura.
Superpellicium degradando extrahit Pontifex
degradator, dicens:–Autoritate Dei omnipo tentis, Patris, & Filii, & Spiritus Sancti, acqua
friars and doctors, whereto Cranmer subscribed, was this,' whereby appears that Mr. Fox believed Cranmer did subscribe this entire
form. Yet does add after the form itself,
fungimur in hac parte, tibi auferimus habitum Thomas Cranmer, with solemn subscription. clericalem, & nudamus te religionis ornatu, at Then followed the witnesses of this Recanta
que depomimus, degradamus, spoliamus & exui tion. Henry Sydal, and friar John Villa mus omni ordine, beneficio, & privilegio cleri Gacina. All this while Cranmer was no cali, & velut clericali professione indignum re certain assurance his life; although the same digimus te in servitutem & ignominiam habitus was faithfully promised him the doctors. secularis ac status. But after that they had their purpose, the rest
Eum forficibus tondere incipiat Pontifex de they committed
gradator, & per Barbitonsorem ibidem prosen men that religion
tem totaliter tonderi faciat caput degradandi, now gotten time
dicens:—Te velut ingratum filium a sorte Do ceived his Recantation very gladly; but her mini ad quam vocatus fueras abjicimus, & co purpose put him death she would nothing romain capitis regale quideum signum sacer. relent 813). Mr. Fox.
what makes subscribed put
probable did not believe himself, but that his name was
some those prelates and doctors who were then present. “This Recantation
the archbishop,' says Mr. Fox, ‘was not soon conceived but the doctors and prelates, with
out delay, caused the same imprinted, and set abroad mens hands. Whereunto, for better credit, first was added the name
adventure, became do. The queen having
revenge her old grief, re
tui
:' of to to
Si te
& de
it oror
(p. ;by I&
Soto far
to all
it
a in
to
a
it it
of
in
si
of
in
by
of
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in
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as
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as
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& ut
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hep. &
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845] STATE TRIALS, I MARY, 1553. −for Treason and Heresy. [846
A strange story this; that so solemn a Recan
tation of archbishop Cranmer, primate of
England, should published his own, with
out any other witnesses, than two such obscure
persons Henry Sydal, never, that know
afterward heard of, and friar John Villa Gar
cina, one brought from Spain pervert the this first part the present Recantation, and university Oxford Popery. —Now, nothing else.
this entire copy Recantation, seems indeed not impossible that might me consist two very different parts: the transcribe some copies this entire Recanta
first part, ending with “without which there no salvation,” such nature Cranmer might himself draw and sign, literally true and catholic his opinion: though must be confessed very capable popish sense also. The seconti part about six times
large and such Cranmer could not possibly draw up, nor subscribe, with truth,
any sense whatsoever. Which two parts are
tion, was proposed him the Papists; and those Papists might give out, what they much wished, that was disposed give his consent the whole; and might print and publish the way forgery, Cranmer's own Recantation which we shall see great evidence anon that they really did. And for his permission such copies abroad under his hand, might sorely repent him afterward: the words spoke that stake,
produced hereafter, would incline one
suppose. However, that never did either draw up, really sign this whole pretended Recantation before us, consenting thereto, the following Arguments will render highly
therefore accurately each other, and considered
distinguished from quite different stile and language
views. The former
very like that archbishop Cranmer's; but
the other quite different from The contents, which declare not only his readiness re nounce the errors other people, and cndeavour follow nothing but what was ori ginally true and sound doctrine, very agree able Cranmer also who left all the modern
notions, and most diligently searched into the New Testament, and the primitive writers, for true and pure christianity. (a) which search indeed had been along truly inde fatigable. This confession “one holy and catholic church' Cranmer's own declaration,
probable:
-
stake, and which he allowed, viz. that was express the true and undoubted Profession his Faith, that might take away suspi
cion from men; and that men might under stand that was catholic indeed. ” (p. 818. ) All which passages seem me belong
his Appeal from the pope General When his adversaries reproached him with Council this very time (p. 805): and his de recanting the stake his former Recantation,
claring visible Church confessed,
s was then the protestant notion; we learn
one the other martyr's confessions, and
Cranmer's stiling the, king head the visible
Church, his Answer Dr. Martin (p. 781)
and both about the very same time also. And as to the additional character of that Church
here, that “without,' “out there no
suppose, Cranmer might this time es
pecially since had hopes saving life
such subscription. He might also assure Dr. Cole, who was sent try whether abode
and thereby being guilty falshood and dissi mulation, answered, “Ah, my masters, do
not you take so. Always since lived hi therto have been hater falshood, and lover simplicity; and never before this time
have dissembled. ” 820). And his courage and boldness his confession, was one of the most eminent of all our Reformers.
He was ever one the most open and forward speakers and writers for the protestant religion against Popery others; appears through
whole history. Particularly, when first
perceived himself imminent danger under queen Mary, and her cruel ministers; and was
Salvation,'
take have been the common doctrine all that time, both Protestants and Papists, without exception. —And far,
his declared purpose, that “by God's grace
would daily more confirmed the catholic
faith,’ (p. 813) which catholic faith,
owned himself his death. He might
endeavour please the queen far, because persecution rising: but considering the station she, seems, insisted that “she would have he was in, and the hand had all the Cranmer catholic, else Cranmer
all,” that that his declaring himself ca
tholic, was absolutely necessary his life
and restoration; the friar informed him.
And this suppose was that Dr. Cole re
ferred to, when put Cranmer mind
some promise his, was geing the
(a) Burnet's Hist. Reformat, vol. 171. vol. 250,
changes that were made, thought in decent thing for him fly, that intreaties should ever persuade him it. ”(b) Bishop Ridley also, just before himself was burnt, “Expressed his great joy for what heard Cranmer's godly and fatherly constancy; whose integrity and uprightness, gravity and inno cence was known the whole nation. And
(b) Burnet, vol. 248.
The known Character abp.
Cranmer for sincerity and courage, will not permit easily believe that ever he made such Recan
tation; much less that continued for about month five weeks together, the
present accounts imply. As his known sincerity, take his own words, spake them
his death, and which the general course and conduct his life bear witness be true.
some advised beyond sea; which other cases did not only approve of, but strongly recommend; bishop Burnet in
forms that said, “He would not dissuade others from that course, now that they saw
I
iii. it a of to
p. I
in itat all ;
as
of
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to beof
at
it
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be
as or he all
to
of in as a it. in is
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p.
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as
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in a as it us
go to he it
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a
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at to as by to ‘
go ofatof
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of
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as
in to p. to a
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no so in
it
of ashe to a
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tode ofasas it I
:sois he he in by
to
it as is toto
by his
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of
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ithe
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sł7] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARy, 1553. -Proceedings against Archbi hop Cranmer, [sts
he blessed God that had given, in his reverend and courageous abp. Crai, mer. Nor easily old age, such a man to be the witness of his accountable, how not much the Dean truth. For miserable and hard-hearted was Christ Church, with whom had lately lived
he, whom the godliness and constant confession nor any his canons; nor any
of so worthy, so grave, and so innocent a man the university Oxford where would not move to acknowledge and confess was well known, should appear his truth. "(c) See also Cranmer's large and least hand either this Conversion
solemn Appeal from the Pope to a General or Council, delivered in open court on Feb. 14, when he was degraded : which was but ten
days before the date of the writ ing, and fewer days before the time tended Recantation.
the heads was, and
have the Cranmer,
Bills Papers containing only few words, The tenor and stile of the first clauses little leaf paper, Mr. Fox himself de
this Recantation, are very different from scribes Which well agrees the first small the tenor and stile of the rest the former branch, which suppose have been really
oints are such also might, with strict truth, Cranmer's but not well this intire Re signed any Protestant Catholic Chris cantation, which about seven times long: tian but the latter such could signed, especially not made sort public instru with truth, none but thorough papist ment, and solemnly signed, with Cranmer's
both which differences have been already ob name, and attested two witnesses, pre
served.
This pretended Recantation has date
tended. Nor do the number of these Bills or
Papers written Cranmer, which were several Fox's and Cranmer's own testimonies; and
bishop Burnet truly observes and the
Copy Fox assures Which yet, such fewer than seventeen the testimony of
was
date.
The main parts this pretended Recan Of which many copies might soon be
tation least were drawn up, not Cranmer, written and dispersed him and which but certain papists not only clear might easily write and sign two copies on their contents, but expressly affirmed Mr. the morning was suffer, we are in Fox, these words, already quoted “The formed did; but not easily the larger
form which Recantation, made the friars and doctors, whereto Cranmer subscribed, was
this. ” Nor probable that the same
persons drew the first clauses this Re
cantation who drew the latter: they are with what Mr. Fox relates, happening the
every way unlike one another. Thomas Cranmer's name Fox
the end, his own subscription but beginning only; would naturally
very morning his execution, viz. that “Friar not at John, the witness the former Recantation,
the brought him Paper, with Articles: which Cranmer should openly profess his Recan
form proposed him. Accordingly we shall tation before the people; earnestly desiring soon find, that what agreed was sub him that would write the said Instrument, scribed him his Declaration his real with the Articles, with his own hand; and sign sentiments: but that this was no more than with his name. ” (p. 814). What occasion for the first branch the present form. But of this, they had attested Copy full these observations already. Recantation already printed and published,
What first moved me suspect this whole with his own hand subscribed thereto And matter, was the obscurity, and fewness, and stranger what follows Fox, that “He temper the principal only actors and wit did it. ” And that when the friar desired that
messes therein, Henry Sydal and friar John would write another copy thereof, which Villa Garcina. These two inconsiderable per should remain with him, that did that also.
sons, chiefly the friar (for we never afterward
meet with Henry Sydal this whole process,)
were, seems, able persuade the archbishop,
and that very few days time, such
Recantation, neither cardinal Pole, nor any hopes life and preferment, which hopes
the other bishops, learned doctors pre lates, during his two years and half's im prisonment, could do: and this with such argu ments, set down the Acts and Monuments,
were fitter affright ignorant and timo rous woman, than convince the very learned
(c) Burnet, vol 304.
were now almost gone; and Cranmer had now prepared himself recant any such Re
his Recantation no not so much as to
witnesses his signing All this seems me look very suspiciously.
What Cranmer really signed, was, not
his burn
this pre large and public Recantation but certain
nice cases, does not use form recantation proposed dated but real subscription certainly without such
be omitted. Sanders, all agree with
i.
instru
long
not ment Recantation, which his enemies printed
ought not and published name; but very well this very short bill paper the beginning
Recantation, the friar pretended.
This large Recantation, pretended
signed Cranmer, and published month
five weeks before his death, very agrees
This still more strange, when we re member, that was now month five weeks since his former Recantation was pretended have been made and signed him and that
cantation his death, 10. However,
Mr. Fox informs us. plainly incredible, that execution, Cran
the very morning
mer should write these two copies his large and full Recantation, and sign them with his own hand, the sense own mind; and
one
ii. p.
to
is a to aasor
as
at of is is he by of in
it a of as he in by as I to of
asof
to }. of
6. 5. 4. it,3. ; 2.
to toin
as
as to upit of as all
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in
allit
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noby
a tobe
an
by it
for
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bein by to no
a
so is bea by
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ofby at
in as to by
to ittoup:ofus. as aninorhe as by
a de he
in a
by beA :
Q.
8.
7. inso
in to :
to ;
ofofby ;beof
of
itif he at ; of
it to is
is all an orhis by so as :
of toby a so of asto a so to
his
his in atby it. he
of
oftohe
is it
by
; or
as
as as of
:
of to to a is as
;
of as
to
to
ofto
in s
of: of
he
in
of a
ill a
of
as
it. or to
849] STATE TRIALS, I MARY, 1553–for Treason and Heresy. [850
yet, “At the very same time, secretly put what law did the queen sign such writ? another paper into his bosom, containing his And what law did the mayor and bailiffs Prayer for the stake, and Exhortation Oxford execute All ecclesiastical proceed the people; when designed declare his ings against heretics still allowing Recan abhorrence any thing like such Recan tation and doing penance, always sufficient tation:” which yet Mr. Fox's account for the offender's preservation. The constant this place. This too vile, and impious, and method, even queen, Mary's time, was this,
That such heretics must either turn before any coinn, Christian much less the most hand, burn; but farther. Nay, ex open-hearted, and sincere, and upright, and tensive was this practice then, that though the religious abp. Cranmer. Whether the two pretended heretics had been obstinate until
they came the very stake, (e) yet was there
the former clauses which had given pretended had.
15. Which demonstration still farther
confirmed, what bishop Burnet (f)found the Council Book itself, relating this pre tended Recantation: where we have this most
desperate, and jesuitical supposed
Papers that Cranmer said have transcribed and signed with his hand, the morning his
pardon ready for them that they would but there make Recan that this signing, and sending, and extant, and only signed true copy what executing the writ for the burning Cranmer, was proposed him, but had never con little less than demonstration that he had sented or, whether were more than never made such Recantation as friar John
execution, the earnest desire the Spanish
friar, contained the intire Recantation still tation.
out his real belief, cannot certainly deter
mine; but suspect they were these small clauses, and other. Although the friar,
who said have procured these copies, and perhaps some other the Papists also, were
authentic Account; that, the 13th very willing they should confounded. As March, (almost three weeks after the date
frequently stake,
indeed they have been most fatally confounded this very day.
11. This Spanish friar, the principal actor this whole tragedy, when Cranmer, the
expected
the Writ for burning Cranmer, obstinate heretic,) and eight days before was burnt,
the Privy-council were concerned when they heard Cranmer's Paper Recantation was printed. Rydall and Copland, two printers, were required deliver Cawood, the queen's printer, the Books his Itecantation, be
his pro but
stake, declared himself, according
mises, die the catholic faith
sense very different from what
raged, and foamed, and was almost out his burned him. ” Now since “the doctors and wits, always having this mouth, Non prelates,” Mr. Fox was informed, “caused fecisti Did'st thou not (p. 821). As this Recantation printed As also that, Cranmer did not then own the making such “the queen received that Recantation very
Recantation, had ascribed him. gladly:” this had been really true, how 12. Although Mr. Fox was made believe comes the queen's Privy-council dislike it? that the queen knew this full Recantation Nay, order the remaining copies this Re
Cranmer's, and received very gladly, and cantation itself delivered the queen's this before Feb. 24th, 1555, when she signed printer burnt Had the Privy-council
the Writ for his burning; that follow been satisfied that this Recantation was genu him have also supposed; yet does (d), bishop ine, this procedure seems not little absurd
Burnet find hard believe, that such Re and incredible.
much more likely that be burnt known
made him when the the Council ordered
and therefore sup forgery; and capable
cantation could
danger was remote
poses not done
sent down Oxford for his burning, directly they should believe Cranmer was become contrary Mr. Fox, Dr. Cole's Sermon thorough Roman Catholic, and yet was be his burning, and Sander's History. The burnt as an obstinate Protestant Heretic. reason this difficulty obvious but the 16. Dr. Cole, his Funeral Sermon, though foundation the difficulty only this, that supposes that Cranmer was become Ca Cranmer did make that Recantation. Which tholic, and would own himself
after the Writ was finally compassion and indignation
raising groundless the people; when
confess seems me not little incredible.
Catholic Faith, had declared clauses this Paper; which there
13. The very Writ for burning Cranmer
gives power burn him but ‘perti
naciously holding and defending' his heretical
opinions. Which seems authentic evi
dence that the court knew nothing that
large and full Recantation, the friar pretended
he had signed his presence, before the date but also most earnest defender of heretical of that writ for his execution.
14. Had this Recantation been known be
genuine that time, and made before the going out the writ for burning Cranmer,
(d) Burnet, vol. 300, 334,399. *OL. I.
with “having been not secret favourer only; opinions, even the end his life. ” Nor
the the first little rea son doubt but did really write, and really sign; yet does not pretend had made any
such full and particular Recantation hitherto. Nay, the contrary, then charges him
(e) See Burnet, vol. 302, 303. 307, 308. 312. 314. 318. 328. 331. 333. 337. 347.
364, 365.
(f) Burnet, vol. 249.
die
3
ii. p.
to is
till beto to ;
he
of it
of of Iit,it
is
is ; is
he
iii.
p. a
he
it is to
be of
to
ii. he p. of he
inof
to
of
to ais be ;
by it in as
be
as
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as of
: toto ofa to
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in
to
he
in
is
by
at
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no
atto :
of to to
of oftosoit in to atonof
in toto
as
no to
he
a
of in at of if ;a
of of
all his he;
heno of be
to
Itoto by aonoftoby ifor
he as to to to i. as in It be to
aa
it
if as be all
by he
Soato
in
“
to aup:” asonis
as
is a toto hean of of in as of to a a
ina to a
to
at so
a
a
of of
of
he
his
no
would declare himself to be of at his death al
low us to suppose he had so long ago, and that very morning also, signed such an intire Recan tation.
17. There is still extant a Letter of Cardi
nal Pole's to Cranmer, of which you have some
account in bishop Burnet, which if it were sent
to him, as some think, (g) “a very little while
before his Execution,' as he informs us, is sufi without mercy,
cient evidence that then the Cardinal neither
knew nor expected the least Recantation from him.
much
*
851] STATE TRIALS, IMARy, 1553–Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [852
does the great and uncertain expectation of conceal from him, when went see him both Protestants and Papists what religion he Nay, Why did he, upon Cranmer's owning
18. We have not the least evidence, that I Dr. Cole, cry out, soon they perceived
Protestant, Martyrs queen Mary's reign did acknow “Stop the heretic's mouth, and take him ledge that Cranmer ever had made such Re away this History informs us? think cantation. They still reckon him one, nay have great reason suspect that this bar
usually the principal their glorious Martyrs, barity and haste and hurry sudden execu upon occasions. the papists also still tion was intended conceal somewhat which
reckon him among the notorious heretics. Of was not made public; and that was which we have many instances later than done purpose that sincere and honest Cran
know that any the Protestant Confessors Cranmer had declared himself
|.
which the Spanish Frier pretendet.
his death, and still without the least intimation mer's pretended Recantation, might still
believed real; and that the poor man might have opportunity clear his inno
cence any farther this matter. And indeed, one would almost wonder that Mr. Fox did not
himself suspect this fraud and forgery; since informs that “the Papists secretly and
that he had ever made such Recantation
had money, present him then, and not till then, with fifteen crowns, give the poor whom would, when was just going
die? Why did the Spanish friar attempt
get two copies Recantation under Cran mer's hand the very same morning And all
this without any intimation that immediately Why was
was die left destitute,
one friend faithful wit
support advise him,
him And why did some the Papists, particularly this
ness what was then said done
any them. Which intire silence both arties no small evidence that was not then
had made that real Recantation,
Mr. Fox was in sorely repented
19. Cranmer himself, formed, when the stake some small “bills,
ever made this real Recantation, charged upon uttermost him the Spanish friar. For Mr. Fox as Sentence
sures us, that when that time his enemies N.
ceased not object unto him his falshood and posed only pretended one, and forgery dissimulation, because, after all, died zea the papists. For this was not the first time lous Protestant, answered that accusa that Cranmer was scandalized this manner. tion, the words already set down. “Ah! We find that bishop Bonner (i) himself believ my masters, quoth he, Do not you take so. was become very humble the begin Always, since lived hitherto,
hater falshood, and lover
and never before this time have
Which very agrees with what the Friar pre
tended, that had continued the grossest
hypocrisy and falshood for four five weeks
together, ever since made that intire Rccan tation.
papers, which had sent abroad, which
slightly suborned certain men, which when writing they could not expugn him arguments and
owns he truth which thought with his heart, and wrote for
disputation, should intreaty, and fair pro mises, any other means allure him Re cantation. That the wily Papists flocked about
had written with his hand, contrary
fear death, and save his life, night be, him, with threatening, flattering, intreating, since his Degradation, wherein had written and promising, and other means, especially many things untrue,” (p. 820,) yet did he, Henry Sydal, and Friar John, Spaniard the same time, almost directly deny that had Villa Garcina, the end drive him the
20. there were not here some knavery
forgery the case, why was not the queen's cantation before may possibly old resolution (h) have him burnt notified these early rumours. For Sanders affirms
him few days, however several hours, be that (1) Cranmer feigned himself catholic, fore was die? Why was Dr. Cole who and signed his retractation seventeen times had been before appointed preach his Fune with his own hand, before his condemnation. ral Sermon March 21st, obliged keep Whereas this form the owns himself be the day silent Why did the same Dr. Cole, late archbishop Canterbury only which
the very morning Cranmer was
(g) Burnet, vol. 244. (h) See Fox, 608, 009, 670.
die, still
(i) Burnet, vol. 248.
(k) Burnet, vol. 249. (l) Ibid, 399,
their possibility from his former Recantation. ” 811).
This Recantation may well sup
have been ning queen Mary's reign, and ‘ready sub simplicity; mit himself things, without any real
dissembled. ”
foundation. We find also, about the same time, the report was current that had himself consented set the mass Can terbury, and that had undertaken sing mass before the queen (k), that was obliged vindicate himself public paper, still extant. Nay the main parts this Re
*
,
p.
p.
or to
to
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at
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p.
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to
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to
853] STATE TRIALS, 1 MARY, 1553. −for Treason and Heresy. [854
would never have allowed till after Feb. 14th, mer's own hand But that was ever proved 1555-6, when he was degraded : as the such, saith not. Nor easily be other evidence already produced does also as lieve Cranmer would ever sign such gross, sure us. They who have mind compare and tedious, and wild Recantation this
one popish forgery with another, may look What Recantation Cranmer owned the Mr. Fox, and there find such another Recant stake, and repented was not the signing ation, ascribed the famous lord Cobham, one two large open Recantations; but,
the days Henry 5th (m). Ouly with this we have seen already, and honest Roman difference, that the lord Cobham's Recanta catholic there present gives the Account
tion seems never have been much as seen set down presently, Setting forth writings
him which we cannot certainly say contrary the truth. Things written with this ascribed abp. Cranmer; though both, hand contrary the truth. All such Bills suppose, equally spurious and jesuitical forge which had written signed with his own
les. hand contrary the truth, since his degrada
not here quite unworthy our remark, tion: Wherein had written many things that Cranmer's peculiar punishment burning untrue. ” Which small bills excellently well his right hand, before the rest his body; that agree with the five suspicious small bulls, set right hand which wrote the several Bills Pa down Mr. Fox and Mr. Strype, said Mr. pers whereby gave occasion the report Fox ‘contain only few words, little that he had made real and intire Recanta leaf paper,' but very with one two
tion; seems more accountable the supposi other pretended full and large and express Re tion that was rather the many Bills Papers cantations the protestant religion. And he had incautiously written transcribed with what makes this somewhat the more probable his right hand; than any one two full Re this; that immediately adds, the stake, cantations, which had wickedly consented retractation the worst thing those with his mind, which occasioned that unusual little bills: when
experiment signal detestation. And
any suppose that the consumption, first
right hand, and then the rest his body Whose supremacy yet, owned king,
the fire, while yet his heart, agree, re mained unburnt, was extraordinary, and provi dential; the natural consequence that while his right hand was, after sort, guilty, writing; yet was not his heart, the emblem
queen, and parliament least, not farther, he had owned and submitted himself
pope refused him, his Antichrist, with
The very publishers those four other ungodly Recantation. WILL. Whistox. short Bills ltecantations own, that one of
his mind, properly guilty consenting any
Lyndon, Rutland, Oct.