Generated for (University of
Chicago)
on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl.
Demosthenese - First Philippic and the Olynthiacs
20, 21 FIRST 0L YNTHIAO' 147
181. t'cr'rl. Sfi hourdv ink, 'the only course left (I presume)
is for all of us to contribute ' to a war-tax. From the war-tax
no citizen was exempt (20 ? 18). Gilbert Gk. Cmt. Ant. i
4072 = 364 Eng]. ed. The orator's purpose, in threatening the
citizens with this unpopular tax, is to make them more disposed
to utilise the theoric fund.
182. Av no>>. ch Se? n, wohhe? : the amount of the war-tax
varied according to circumstances; cp. Gilbert pp. 367, 369
Eng]. ed.
183. Sci and (185) sedwwv, 'money must be had: without
money we can do nothing that must be done. '
186. 65v depends on 66715 (re? pos).
187. $05 Eo'rl. Kaipds, now, while there is opportunity; the
relative with a definite antecedent has no effect on the mood of
the verb. Had the exhortation been referred to the future,
we should have had {-'ws 8. 11 Kaipos, so long as there shall be an
opportunity (Goodwin MT. ? 520). amxaawei 're? 'w rpm-
ypd'raw, 'take our public policy in hand,' capessite rempublicam,
Sallust Cat. 52, 3.
? 21 l. 188. 1'6. rpziypwr(u. ): placed in the principal instead
of the subordinate clause, further defined by rd. @l-M'lr'rrov,
which is put in an emphatic position at the end of the sentence,
to introduce a new topic.
191. eirrpemis, 'in very good trim' (K. ), 4 ? 18; 3 ? 13
ebrperrto'at. 6); iv KdMur'r' 5x01: 18 ? 291 mix (I); 8. >>
eiivous Kat Nicolas nohlrns Ecrxe riyv 'ymb/trlv. The ellipse is
supplied in 4 ? 6 e? 'xei, 1('1 ,ue? v the 6. 11 e? llufw TLS' e? 'xot rohe? pip.
192. oli'r' 6v e? fifiveyxe ark, 'nor would he have begun the
war' ; 14 ? 35 e? x? e? pew rbv 1re? 7\e,u. ov.
193. wokepeiv: emphatic, 'really to fight. ' airrdv:
not mihsftov, but Whammy.
194. (is e? mdw: oil-rm dis e? -rrru'iv TL! duarpeirat, primo stat'im
impetu ct aggressu, dis e? }; e? rri8po/riis (Reiske), 'on the first
advance. ' 9 ? 22 (of Philip) e'rrie? r'ra. dis often coalesces with
adverbial phrases such as M17069, e? re? pws, dkkws, rdxos, e? TflTll~
,uwr, 7'71rlws, and it is here similarly used, but in an exceptional
manner, with a participle. Julian p. 273 (I); e? E e? ? 66ou Mil/6-
,uevov (quoted by Blass).
d>>; is, however, hard to explain. Wcil asks whether it means an quelque
sort. Hahn regards s'mdw as Fut. , 'as one who was on the point of attack-
ing,' 'even if he merely threatened an attack ' (Commentationes in honorem
Mommseni p. 695).
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 148 FIRST 0L YNTHIAG I ? 21, 22
167(5): i. e. when he began the war. This implies that the
speech was not delivered at the very beginning of Philip's war
with Olynthus (Weil).
195. dvatpv'la'eo'hi, 'to carry' or 'carry off" (everything).
For another sense see 1. 55.
197. 1'6. 16v Gmake? iv, 'the attitude of the Thessalians,'
'the state of Thessaly. ' In 353 13. 0. Philip had been invited
to aid the Aleuadae against the tyrants of Pherae (? 9, 12;
4 ? 35). The latter, though aided by the Phocians, were
finally defeated by the Macedonian forces and the Thessalian
cavalry in 352 B. 0. Magnesia was occupied by Philip, to enable
him to keep the 'l'hessalian confederation under his control
(? 13, 2 ? 7).
? 22 l. 198. mime: the Thessalians, implied in a T601!
GETTath. On the neuter cp. 4 ? 8. (tn-ma: the
treachery of the Thessalians was proverbial, det 'yz'ip 115.
Ger-raMbv darw-ra (schol. on Aristoph. Plut. 521, and Zenohius
iv 29 Omahibv "mm/m, cp. Voemel's I'roleg. in Phil. p. 89).
23 ? 112 basis ,ue? v . . 0175610. wpoziddiKa-Ts 1rufi1r0're 163v Wham,
Ger-rake! 6' ofide? va. 1ru'11roG' durw' all. Eur. Frag. 422 Hohhot
rapfio'av, dhh' dmo'ra. Gsaaahuiv. Sirlrou, 'as you know. '
199. 4760'" Kai. def, ' by nature and by constant habit ' ;
Diphilus ap. Atheu. 225 A 12 Was: Kal raw-raxofi. KoptSfi,
' exactly,' 'just,' ' quite,' ' perfectly,' 5 ? 25. xopafifi 8(e? ) instead
of dmara. 1%, as though the former clause had begun with (paint
,ue'v Ital dei drwra 'r'7v.
200. I10. ua-as 6. 1raL-re'iv: 2 ? 11. Pagasae, the port of
Pherae, ha been captured by Philip, and was held by a
Macedonian garrison after he had given up Pherae itself. Cp.
? 13.
201. tillnepw'p-e? vou Middle, as in Aristoph. Vesp. 591 e? ? fi<
? w-ra. z. Muyvqa-Cav KeKmXfiKQo-t 'raxtgew, 'prevented'
by diplomatic protests. 2 ? 11 1repl Ma'yvrlalas Mryous rolsi'o'fial.
'I take the latter expression to state the fact with more precision:
the Thessalians ssed a vote to rcmonstmfe with Philip ; it is not probable
that they actual y hindered him. And if he afterwards gcwe to them Mag-
nesia, as we are told in a later oration, delivered 844 3. 0. (Phil. ii 5 22), he
probably gave it with reserve of the fortified ports to himself; since we
now that his ascendency over Thessaly was not only not relaxed, but
became more violent and oppressive,' Grote c. 87 viii 56. Cp. Thirlwall
v 306. If the Second Olymhiac is really the first in order of delivery,
xrwaixaUL would imply that the remonstrances previously expressed by
Ae? yuve n'mrio'eat were successful (Heslop). It was not until the close of
the Sacred War (346 5. 0. ) that Philip surrendered Magnesia, if as much as
? ?
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? I ? ? 22, 23 FIRST 0L YNTHIAC' 149
this is implied in the Ilupf. e? 8i80v (Phil. ii ? 22). Philip III afterwards
placed a permanent garrison there, regarding it as one of the 'keys of
Greece' (Pans. vii 7, O).
202. fikovov: 2 ? 17.
203. Mpe? vas: 2 ? 9. Mooney: the Opt. Fut. is ofteuer
found in Xenophon than in the Attic orators. Cp. however 23
gm, 24 ? ? 155, 15s; 31 ? 2, 36 ? 6, 50 ? ? 44, 50, 56; 52 ? ? s,
22 ; 53 ? 8, 57 ? 16, 59 ? 38 (Rehdantz Index). Goodwin MT.
? 128.
204. Kup'lroiia'om, 'enjoy the revenue of. ' The Thessalians
had granted Philip their harbour and market dues in gratitude
for his services, and in compensation for the cost of his aid
against the tyrants of Pherae. Grote c. 87 viii 55.
205. Mon : independent Opt. continuing the quotation intro-
duced by Cos. Cp. Thuc. ii 72, 3, Xen. Anab. vii 3, 13, Good-
win M T. ? 675.
206. dronepfic'e-rm: this Fut. is also found in 24 ? 10,
39 ? 11, 40 ? 10. U'T? P'/]0'? TGL occurs in 20 ? 40. (i1roa-rep110-r'1-
O'ETGL has little support in Attic prose, Lys. 12 ? 70 ; in Isocr.
7 ? 34 it is the reading of one MS (I') only. It is sometimes
supposed that Futures in ~1101? aoaai or -w0fio'o,u. az are not Attic.
In the present instance that Fut. is unnecessary, as drowsprj-
(lg/Lat, like drourepofi/sm, has a Perfect sense. Kiihner G'r. Gr.
i 2, 112.
207. sis flevbv . . KG'I'GO'T'fiO'fl'G-L, 'will be straitencd. '
mi. 7115 rpmbfis, ' the means of support. '
208. ge? vms: Dat. after Tpo? 1]"s. [53] ? 29 Tpo? ds [. L'rrrpi, 3
? 20 @505le 101's a'rpa-revo/Le? vms, 4 ? 28 a'vrnpe? o'wv 1"? ) 50111641. ".
? 23 l. 208. ye: often combined with transitional particles,
such as 6M6. pfiv, to emphasise a new point; Kal . . 76 (2
? 10), 006. 4 76 (5 ? ? 16, 24; [7] ? 28). 76V . . Halovu. . .
'rbv 'Mupte? v: the chiefs of Paeonia and Illyria (cp. Tau Kapa.
5 ? 25, 16v Gpfixa 23 ? 133, 6 Kbkxos Herod. i 2, 6 Au56s ib. 80),
and not the tribes themselves (as in Thuc. vi 79 Thu 'AO-qmiov,
106 vaaxoalou, and 81 6 xamaflag). The tribes were doubtless
eager to be afire? voaoi, but could hardly be described (like their
chiefs) as dviflm 100 Kara/coziew TWOS.
209. inrMis, 'in general. ' Toa'rrous: chiefs in Thrace,
Epirus, etc. (Sauppe).
Diodor. xvi 2 (359 13m. ) 01 8E Aouroi. (MastI/es) Ka-rmnsrrkq'ypte'vol. 'ni:
113v 'IAAupuIn/ Swain"; 1repi? oflot KaQew-nixcwav Kal. 1rpr 1i: dianohcpe'iv
691mm; eixov. {ma 6% 761/ 1101511 Kaupbv Haiove; ue? v, rquu-[ov rfie Maxe-
doviaa oixofiwes, e? mipeovv Thy Xuipav, Kararjapovof/vn; 751v Musoe? vmv.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 150 FIRST 0L YNTHIAO I ? 23, 24
211. dfiens 'roi: Kafaxoliew : 21 ? 134, 29 ? 17 (Goodwin MT.
? 798).
212. iaBpw-rfis, 63s duo-w: 4 ? 9.
213. TB ydp e5 wpti'r'rew--ylyvmu 23 ? 113, Thuc. iii 39, 4
ei'wOe 5% T1311 ne? hewv ais 6. 11 ude-ra Kai 61' e? haxio'rou 6. 1rp0066-
my'ros elirpaEia ? )fiy, e? : iifipw Tpe? -rrcw.
214. 111196. Tfiv 6. 56am: 2 ? 8. d? oppfi Mk, 'a source
of infatuation'; Kamiis 4>poveiv, 'folly'; a frequent phrase in
Greek Tragedy. 81. 61119 : 3 ? 19.
(idiopwfi means (1) a starting-plane, u commcmz'menl, a base of operations,
Thuc. i 90 uvaxe? prla-iv 1e mt unpoppall/I hence the cause, occasion, pretext of
a thing, Isocr. 4 ? 61, Eur. H20. 1239 Ae? ymv 6450 uni, Dem. 18 ? 156 6 vii;
4i? opmi? mum: Kai. 76. ; flpb? dd? |$ napaaxdw: 2) the means with which
one begins a thing, 3 ? 33 adaopuais s1ri. 1d e? 'Ew 16w ii-yue?
181. t'cr'rl. Sfi hourdv ink, 'the only course left (I presume)
is for all of us to contribute ' to a war-tax. From the war-tax
no citizen was exempt (20 ? 18). Gilbert Gk. Cmt. Ant. i
4072 = 364 Eng]. ed. The orator's purpose, in threatening the
citizens with this unpopular tax, is to make them more disposed
to utilise the theoric fund.
182. Av no>>. ch Se? n, wohhe? : the amount of the war-tax
varied according to circumstances; cp. Gilbert pp. 367, 369
Eng]. ed.
183. Sci and (185) sedwwv, 'money must be had: without
money we can do nothing that must be done. '
186. 65v depends on 66715 (re? pos).
187. $05 Eo'rl. Kaipds, now, while there is opportunity; the
relative with a definite antecedent has no effect on the mood of
the verb. Had the exhortation been referred to the future,
we should have had {-'ws 8. 11 Kaipos, so long as there shall be an
opportunity (Goodwin MT. ? 520). amxaawei 're? 'w rpm-
ypd'raw, 'take our public policy in hand,' capessite rempublicam,
Sallust Cat. 52, 3.
? 21 l. 188. 1'6. rpziypwr(u. ): placed in the principal instead
of the subordinate clause, further defined by rd. @l-M'lr'rrov,
which is put in an emphatic position at the end of the sentence,
to introduce a new topic.
191. eirrpemis, 'in very good trim' (K. ), 4 ? 18; 3 ? 13
ebrperrto'at. 6); iv KdMur'r' 5x01: 18 ? 291 mix (I); 8. >>
eiivous Kat Nicolas nohlrns Ecrxe riyv 'ymb/trlv. The ellipse is
supplied in 4 ? 6 e? 'xei, 1('1 ,ue? v the 6. 11 e? llufw TLS' e? 'xot rohe? pip.
192. oli'r' 6v e? fifiveyxe ark, 'nor would he have begun the
war' ; 14 ? 35 e? x? e? pew rbv 1re? 7\e,u. ov.
193. wokepeiv: emphatic, 'really to fight. ' airrdv:
not mihsftov, but Whammy.
194. (is e? mdw: oil-rm dis e? -rrru'iv TL! duarpeirat, primo stat'im
impetu ct aggressu, dis e? }; e? rri8po/riis (Reiske), 'on the first
advance. ' 9 ? 22 (of Philip) e'rrie? r'ra. dis often coalesces with
adverbial phrases such as M17069, e? re? pws, dkkws, rdxos, e? TflTll~
,uwr, 7'71rlws, and it is here similarly used, but in an exceptional
manner, with a participle. Julian p. 273 (I); e? E e? ? 66ou Mil/6-
,uevov (quoted by Blass).
d>>; is, however, hard to explain. Wcil asks whether it means an quelque
sort. Hahn regards s'mdw as Fut. , 'as one who was on the point of attack-
ing,' 'even if he merely threatened an attack ' (Commentationes in honorem
Mommseni p. 695).
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 148 FIRST 0L YNTHIAG I ? 21, 22
167(5): i. e. when he began the war. This implies that the
speech was not delivered at the very beginning of Philip's war
with Olynthus (Weil).
195. dvatpv'la'eo'hi, 'to carry' or 'carry off" (everything).
For another sense see 1. 55.
197. 1'6. 16v Gmake? iv, 'the attitude of the Thessalians,'
'the state of Thessaly. ' In 353 13. 0. Philip had been invited
to aid the Aleuadae against the tyrants of Pherae (? 9, 12;
4 ? 35). The latter, though aided by the Phocians, were
finally defeated by the Macedonian forces and the Thessalian
cavalry in 352 B. 0. Magnesia was occupied by Philip, to enable
him to keep the 'l'hessalian confederation under his control
(? 13, 2 ? 7).
? 22 l. 198. mime: the Thessalians, implied in a T601!
GETTath. On the neuter cp. 4 ? 8. (tn-ma: the
treachery of the Thessalians was proverbial, det 'yz'ip 115.
Ger-raMbv darw-ra (schol. on Aristoph. Plut. 521, and Zenohius
iv 29 Omahibv "mm/m, cp. Voemel's I'roleg. in Phil. p. 89).
23 ? 112 basis ,ue? v . . 0175610. wpoziddiKa-Ts 1rufi1r0're 163v Wham,
Ger-rake! 6' ofide? va. 1ru'11roG' durw' all. Eur. Frag. 422 Hohhot
rapfio'av, dhh' dmo'ra. Gsaaahuiv. Sirlrou, 'as you know. '
199. 4760'" Kai. def, ' by nature and by constant habit ' ;
Diphilus ap. Atheu. 225 A 12 Was: Kal raw-raxofi. KoptSfi,
' exactly,' 'just,' ' quite,' ' perfectly,' 5 ? 25. xopafifi 8(e? ) instead
of dmara. 1%, as though the former clause had begun with (paint
,ue'v Ital dei drwra 'r'7v.
200. I10. ua-as 6. 1raL-re'iv: 2 ? 11. Pagasae, the port of
Pherae, ha been captured by Philip, and was held by a
Macedonian garrison after he had given up Pherae itself. Cp.
? 13.
201. tillnepw'p-e? vou Middle, as in Aristoph. Vesp. 591 e? ? fi<
? w-ra. z. Muyvqa-Cav KeKmXfiKQo-t 'raxtgew, 'prevented'
by diplomatic protests. 2 ? 11 1repl Ma'yvrlalas Mryous rolsi'o'fial.
'I take the latter expression to state the fact with more precision:
the Thessalians ssed a vote to rcmonstmfe with Philip ; it is not probable
that they actual y hindered him. And if he afterwards gcwe to them Mag-
nesia, as we are told in a later oration, delivered 844 3. 0. (Phil. ii 5 22), he
probably gave it with reserve of the fortified ports to himself; since we
now that his ascendency over Thessaly was not only not relaxed, but
became more violent and oppressive,' Grote c. 87 viii 56. Cp. Thirlwall
v 306. If the Second Olymhiac is really the first in order of delivery,
xrwaixaUL would imply that the remonstrances previously expressed by
Ae? yuve n'mrio'eat were successful (Heslop). It was not until the close of
the Sacred War (346 5. 0. ) that Philip surrendered Magnesia, if as much as
? ?
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? I ? ? 22, 23 FIRST 0L YNTHIAC' 149
this is implied in the Ilupf. e? 8i80v (Phil. ii ? 22). Philip III afterwards
placed a permanent garrison there, regarding it as one of the 'keys of
Greece' (Pans. vii 7, O).
202. fikovov: 2 ? 17.
203. Mpe? vas: 2 ? 9. Mooney: the Opt. Fut. is ofteuer
found in Xenophon than in the Attic orators. Cp. however 23
gm, 24 ? ? 155, 15s; 31 ? 2, 36 ? 6, 50 ? ? 44, 50, 56; 52 ? ? s,
22 ; 53 ? 8, 57 ? 16, 59 ? 38 (Rehdantz Index). Goodwin MT.
? 128.
204. Kup'lroiia'om, 'enjoy the revenue of. ' The Thessalians
had granted Philip their harbour and market dues in gratitude
for his services, and in compensation for the cost of his aid
against the tyrants of Pherae. Grote c. 87 viii 55.
205. Mon : independent Opt. continuing the quotation intro-
duced by Cos. Cp. Thuc. ii 72, 3, Xen. Anab. vii 3, 13, Good-
win M T. ? 675.
206. dronepfic'e-rm: this Fut. is also found in 24 ? 10,
39 ? 11, 40 ? 10. U'T? P'/]0'? TGL occurs in 20 ? 40. (i1roa-rep110-r'1-
O'ETGL has little support in Attic prose, Lys. 12 ? 70 ; in Isocr.
7 ? 34 it is the reading of one MS (I') only. It is sometimes
supposed that Futures in ~1101? aoaai or -w0fio'o,u. az are not Attic.
In the present instance that Fut. is unnecessary, as drowsprj-
(lg/Lat, like drourepofi/sm, has a Perfect sense. Kiihner G'r. Gr.
i 2, 112.
207. sis flevbv . . KG'I'GO'T'fiO'fl'G-L, 'will be straitencd. '
mi. 7115 rpmbfis, ' the means of support. '
208. ge? vms: Dat. after Tpo? 1]"s. [53] ? 29 Tpo? ds [. L'rrrpi, 3
? 20 @505le 101's a'rpa-revo/Le? vms, 4 ? 28 a'vrnpe? o'wv 1"? ) 50111641. ".
? 23 l. 208. ye: often combined with transitional particles,
such as 6M6. pfiv, to emphasise a new point; Kal . . 76 (2
? 10), 006. 4 76 (5 ? ? 16, 24; [7] ? 28). 76V . . Halovu. . .
'rbv 'Mupte? v: the chiefs of Paeonia and Illyria (cp. Tau Kapa.
5 ? 25, 16v Gpfixa 23 ? 133, 6 Kbkxos Herod. i 2, 6 Au56s ib. 80),
and not the tribes themselves (as in Thuc. vi 79 Thu 'AO-qmiov,
106 vaaxoalou, and 81 6 xamaflag). The tribes were doubtless
eager to be afire? voaoi, but could hardly be described (like their
chiefs) as dviflm 100 Kara/coziew TWOS.
209. inrMis, 'in general. ' Toa'rrous: chiefs in Thrace,
Epirus, etc. (Sauppe).
Diodor. xvi 2 (359 13m. ) 01 8E Aouroi. (MastI/es) Ka-rmnsrrkq'ypte'vol. 'ni:
113v 'IAAupuIn/ Swain"; 1repi? oflot KaQew-nixcwav Kal. 1rpr 1i: dianohcpe'iv
691mm; eixov. {ma 6% 761/ 1101511 Kaupbv Haiove; ue? v, rquu-[ov rfie Maxe-
doviaa oixofiwes, e? mipeovv Thy Xuipav, Kararjapovof/vn; 751v Musoe? vmv.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-27 05:10 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/uc1. 31175009758841 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 150 FIRST 0L YNTHIAO I ? 23, 24
211. dfiens 'roi: Kafaxoliew : 21 ? 134, 29 ? 17 (Goodwin MT.
? 798).
212. iaBpw-rfis, 63s duo-w: 4 ? 9.
213. TB ydp e5 wpti'r'rew--ylyvmu 23 ? 113, Thuc. iii 39, 4
ei'wOe 5% T1311 ne? hewv ais 6. 11 ude-ra Kai 61' e? haxio'rou 6. 1rp0066-
my'ros elirpaEia ? )fiy, e? : iifipw Tpe? -rrcw.
214. 111196. Tfiv 6. 56am: 2 ? 8. d? oppfi Mk, 'a source
of infatuation'; Kamiis 4>poveiv, 'folly'; a frequent phrase in
Greek Tragedy. 81. 61119 : 3 ? 19.
(idiopwfi means (1) a starting-plane, u commcmz'menl, a base of operations,
Thuc. i 90 uvaxe? prla-iv 1e mt unpoppall/I hence the cause, occasion, pretext of
a thing, Isocr. 4 ? 61, Eur. H20. 1239 Ae? ymv 6450 uni, Dem. 18 ? 156 6 vii;
4i? opmi? mum: Kai. 76. ; flpb? dd? |$ napaaxdw: 2) the means with which
one begins a thing, 3 ? 33 adaopuais s1ri. 1d e? 'Ew 16w ii-yue?
