No More Learning

takes up the story, and through the ex-
planations of Dr. Leete and Edith, and
Lº ooking Backward, and Equality, by through his own experiences, he learns
Edward Bellamy. Mr. Bellamy's how the crude ideals of the nineteenth
nationalistic romance, or vagary, (Look- century were realized in the year 2000.
ing Backward,' has had a sale of nearly The first step is substituting democ-
400,000 copies in ten years, and is still racy for monarchy. To establish public
in demand. It recounts the strange schools is next, since public education is
experiences of Julian West, a wealthy | policy for the public welfare. It is fur-
young Bostonian, born in 1857, a favor- ther urged that each citizen be intrusted
ite in the highest social circles, engaged with a share of the public wealth, in
to a beautiful and accomplished lady, the interests of good government. He
Miss Edith Bartlett. West has an ele- will then no longer be a champion of a
gantly furnished subterranean apartment, part against the rest, but will become a
where he is accustomed to retire for guardian of the whole.
privacy and rest. In 1887 he is put into Life is recognized as the basis of the
a hypnotic sleep.
right of property, since inequality of
In the year 2000, Dr. Leete, a retired wealth destroys liberty — private capital
physician, is conducting excavations in being stolen from the public fund.
his garden, when West's chamber is dis- Equality of the sexes is permitted in all
closed. The doctor, assisted by his occupations; even the costumes are simi-
daughter Edith, discovers and resusci- lar, fashion having been dethroned.
tates the young man, who finds himself
The profit system is denounced as
in a regenerated world.
(economic suicide, because it nullifies
The changed appearance of the city, the benefits of common interests, is hos-
the absence of buying and selling, the tile to commerce, and largely diminishes
system of credits, the method of ex- the value of inventions.
changes between nations, the regulation There is a common religion (based
of employment by means of guilds, all upon the doctrine of love); the old sects
overwhelm him with surprise.
are abolished. “If we love one another,
He notes no distinctions of rich and God dwelleth in us," is the keynote of
poor, no poverty, no want, no crime. the new dispensation.
All the people are mustered into an in- There are no more wars; «Old Glory »
dustrial army at the age of 21, and mus- now betokens that nowhere in the land
tered out at 45.
it floats over is there found a human
The national system of dining-rooms, being oppressed or suffering any want
the condition of literary men, the aboli- that human aid can relieve.
tion of middlemen, the saving of waste All questions concerning killing com-
through misdirected energy, matters of petition,«discouraging independence
religion, of love, of marriage, all open and originality,” “threatening liberty,”
up lines of thought and of action new etc. , as well as the Malthusian objec-
and strange to him; and, falling in love tion, seem to be satisfactorily settled in
with Edith, he finds he has fixed his the wonderful success of this great co-
affections upon the great-granddaughter operative commonwealth; which would
of his old love, Edith Bartlett.
be a less futile dream, if the author
He falls asleep, and seems awake and had taken the trouble to abolish (human
finds himself back again in the old Bos- nature in the beginning.
ton, with its monopolies and trusts and
the frenzied folly of its competitive sys- Political Novels, by Anthony Trol
,
tem, with its contrasts of living and its lope. These are: Phineas Finn,'
woe, with all its boundless squalor and (Phineas Redux,' (The Prime Minister,
wretchedness. He dines with his old and "The Duke's Children. Trollope
companions, and endeavors to interest
tells us in his autobiography that in
them in regenerating the world by well- (Phineas Finn? he began a series of
planned co-operative schemes. They de- semi-political tales, because, being de-
nounce him as a pestilent fellow and barred from expressing his opinions in
an anarchist, and he is driven out by the House of Commons, he could thus
them. He awakes from this troubled declare his convictions. He says: “I
dream to find himself in harmony with was conscious that I could not make a


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SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
197
a
Poor-Houses in County Cork. Petrollope Doctor Thorne, by Anthony Trollope.
tale pleasing chiefly by politics. If I will probably rest on the characters of
wrote politics for my own sake, I must Plantagenet Palliser and Lady Glen-
put in love, sport, and intrigue, for cora. » This volume was published in
the benefit of my readers. In writing 1876, and the series was finished in 1880
(Phineas Finn) I had constantly before with "The Duke's Children. This opens
me the need of progression in charac- with the death of the duchess, and re-
ter, — of marking the changes naturally lates the further history of her children.
produced by the lapse of years. I got The duke's sons and daughter are
around me a circle of persons as to deep disappointment to him. His heir,
whom I knew not only their present Lord Silverbridge, is dismissed from
characters, but how they would be af- college, and enters Parliament as a Con-
fected by time and circumstance. » servative, whereas the family has always
(Phineas Finn) was completed in May been Liberal. His daughter insists upon
1867, and its sequel, Phineas Redux,) marrying a poor commoner, and his
not until 1873. The former traces the heir upon marrying an American girl,
career of an Irishman, young and at- while his younger son is idle and ex-
tractive, who goes to London to enter travagant. In the end, however, he
Parliament, leaving behind his boyish accepts the choice of his children, and
sweetheart, Mary Flood-Jones. He is the book closes with his return to pol-
admired by many, especially by Lady itics. Phineas Finn and his wife re-
Laura Standish, who is succeeded by appear in these pages, he still devoted
another love, Violet Effingham, and she to politics, and she the faithful friend of
by a charming widow, Marie Max- the duke and his daughter.
Goesler. In time he gives up politics,
of
) a
says: “I was wrong to marry him to country life; and the interest of the book
a girl who could only be an incum- lies in the character studies rather than
brance on his return to the world, and I in the plot. The scene is laid in the
had no alternative but to kill her. » west of England about 1854. The hero-
Phineas Redux goes back to Parliament, ine, Mary Thorne, is a sweet, modest
has more sentimental experiences, and girl, living with her kind uncie, Doctor
makes
still higher reputation. A Thorne, in the village of Greshambury,
political enemy of Phineas is murdered, where Frank Gresham, the young heir
and he is accused of the crime, but of Greshambury Park, falls in love with
is acquitted, largely through the efforts her. The estate is incumbered; and as
of Marie Max-Goesler. (The Prime it is necessary that Frank should marry
Minister) is chiefly devoted to the un- for money, his mother, Lady Arabella,
happy marriage of Emily Wharton and banishes Mary from the society of her
Ferdinand Lopez, a Portuguese advent- daughters, and sends Frank to Courcy
urer, and to the affairs of the prime Castle, where he is expected to win the
minister and his wife. The latter couple affections of Miss Dunstable, a wealthy
are known to readers of Trollope's heiress. He remains true to Mary, how-
earlier novels as Planty Paul and Lady ever; and after a year of enforced absence
Glencora, now Duke and Duchess of abroad, he returns and claims her for
Omnium. The duke is sensitive, proud, his wife in the face of every opposition.
and shy, and feels the burden of his Roger Scatcherd, the brother of Mary's
responsibility, while his wife is forever unfortunate mother, is creditor to Mr.
working for his advancement. He goes Gresham for a sum of money amounting
gladly out of office at last. We hear to the value of the entire estate. After
little of Phineas Finn, save that his his death his entire fortune falls to Mary
second marriage is happy, and that he Thorne; and the story concludes with
is made Secretary for Ireland and then the marriage of Frank and Mary, and a
Lord of the Admiralty. Trollope tells return of prosperity to Greshambury
us that the personages of these books Park.
are more or less portraits, not of living The character of Doctor Thorne stands
men, but of living political characters. out vividly in the book as an independ-
(The Prime Minister) is his ideal states- ent, honest Englishman, offering a pleas-
He says: “If my name be still ing contrast to Lady Arabella with her
known in the next century, my success conventionality and worldliness, and the
a
man.


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198
SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
Cliff
coarse vulgarity of Roger Scatcherd and together what conscientious habits of
his son.
thought and ethical convictions tend to
drive apart. The comments of the con-
Claverings, The, by Anthony Trol-
,
gregation of course have their part in
lope, is a novel of contemporary
promoting the difficulties that follow.
English life, as shown in the fortunes of
The story is well told, and extremely
a country family. The story treats of
interesting, although it confesses itself
the inconstant affections of Harry Clav-
a problem-novel on the very first page.
ering, the rector's son and cousin of the
head of the family. The fickle lover is liff-Dwellers, The, by Henry B.
so agreeable and kind-hearted a young Fuller, is a story of contemporary
fellow that the tale of his fickleness Chicago; a sober arraignment of the sin
wins the reader to friendship. All the and greed of a purely material civiliza-
characters are so typical of the com- tion, The protagonists of the drama take
monplace respectable life that Trollope their title of cliff-dwellers » from their
describes, as to seem like personal ac- occupation of various strata of an enor-
quaintances. The reader is certain of mous office building, owned by the mill-
meeting again Lady Ongar, Florence ionaire Ingles, whose beautiful wife is in
Burton, Lady Clavering, and the rest, reality the central character of the story,
and is pleased with the prospect. The though she is not presented to the reader
book was a great favorite.
till the very last page.
A young East-
erner, George Ogden, a well-bred, aver-
Corleone, by F. Marion Crawford, pub- age man of good intentions, is perhaps
'lished in 1897, is the fourth in the
the hero; as the villain may be identified
(Saracinesca) series of modern Italian
with Erastus Brainerd, a self made man,
stories. The scene is mainly in Sicily.
utterly selfish and hard, who has ridden
The leading character is Don Orsino,
rough-shod over every obstacle, to the
son of Giovanni Saracinesca and hero of
goal of a large fortune. Into the life
(Sant'Ilario. ) The novel takes its title
whose standards are set chiefly by the
from the fact that Vittoria, the Sicilian
unscrupulous successes of Brainerd, and
hero, is of the Corleone race.
The spir-
the æsthetic luxury of the beautiful Mrs.
ited scenes in which the Sicilian peas-
Ingles, all the characters of the story
antry and bandits are leagued against
are brought. The motives of the play
the intruding Romans; the handling of
are envy, ambition, love of ostentation,
the passions of love, hate, jealousy, and
a thorough worship of the material, as
revenge; and the subsidiary scenes of
these characteristics manifest themselves
Roman society life in which the Sara-
in a commercial com ity. There is
cinesca move and have their being, af-
a distinct and well-ordered plot, and
ford Mr. Crawford opportunity for char-
the characters develop consistently from
acteristic work. As a study of Sicilian
within. This clever story is too sincere
character the book is also valuable.
to be called a satire, and too artistic to
be called a photograph; but it is exe-
John Ward, Preacher, a novel by
Margaret Deland, appeared in 1888.
cuted with a merciless faithfulness that
has often elicited both characterizations.
The Presbyterian minister whose name
gives its title to the story has married Delectable Duchy, The, by “Q” (A. T.
Helen Jeffrey. Mr. Ward is a logical Quiller-Couch). A book of stories,
Calvinist, who is assured that belief in studies, and sketches, some gay and some
election and reprobation, eternal pun- tragic, but all brief, concise, and dra-
ishment, and kindred doctrines, is neces- matic. The scene of all is laid in Corn-
sary to salvation; and so preaches them wall (the Delectable Duchy); they are
with force and conviction. While his full of folk-lore, local superstitions and
congregation agrees with him, his wife, expressions. Among the best are (The
who is the niece of a liberal, easy-going Spinster's Maying,' where the old maid
Episcopal rector, entertains decidedly induces the twin brother of her dead lover
broad theological views in general. The to court her every year on May Day;
couple love each other with that single- (When the Sap Rose,) full of the joy
ness of devotion without which the course of springtime; (The Plumpers); Egg-
of the story would be manifestly im- Stealing); (The Regent's Wager,' a mis-
probable; for it depends upon the ques-
take which lost one man his life and an-
tion whether love will be able to hold | other his reason; and (The Conspiracy


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SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
199
a
a
aboard the Midas,' to make a dying child's and more or less every-day people; no-
last days happy. These stories were pub- table for simplicity and honesty, excel-
lished in 1893, and are the high-water lent as character-studies, and without
mark of the writer's work, though he has striking incident, while a sunny whole-
won reputation as a critic and journalist some philosophy pervades them all.
as well as a story-teller.
Rudder Grange, a humorous story by John Halifax, Gentleman, by Dinah
Maria Muloch Craik. (1856. ) The
Frank R. Stockton, appeared seri-
hero of this story, John Halifax, is one
ally in 1879. It was the first of the au-
of «nature's noblemen, who, beginning
thor's books to establish for him a wide
life as a poor boy, works his way up to
reputation. A slight thread of story prosperity and happiness, by means of
suffices to connect a series of humorous
his high principles, undaunted courage,
episodes which result from the efforts of
and nobility of character. Orphaned at
young couple — Euphemia, and her
the age of eleven years, from that time
husband who tells the story in the first
he is dependent on his own resources.
person — to establish themselves in
He willingly undertakes any kind of
summer home at once desirable and in-
honest work, and for three years gains
expensive. They hit upon the plan of
a livelihood by working for farmers, but
securing an old canal-boat, which they
at the end of that time is taken into
fit up and name Rudder Grange. The
the employ of a Mr. Fletcher, a wealthy
droll sayings and original doings of
tanner. This is the beginning of his
Pomona, the servant; the courting of
better fortune; for Phineas Fletcher, his
Jonas, her lover; the unique experiences master's invalid son, takes a great fancy
of the boarder; the distresses of Eu-
to him and aids him with his education.
phemia and her husband, are told in a
The heroine is Ursula March; and the
manner which is irresistibly funny. The
simple domestic story includes few
same characters reappear in several of
minor characters. The interest lies in
Mr. Stockton's later stories, the longest
the development of character: and the
of which is (Pomona's Travels. )
author's assertion is that true nobility
is of the soul, and does not inhere in
Princess Aline, The, a novelette by
Richard Harding Davis, was pub-
wealth, in learning, or in position; and
lished in 1895. The hero, Morton Carl-
that integrity and loftiness of purpose
ton, is a young artist with an interna-
form the character of a true gentleman.
tional reputation, wealth, and high social
The story is fresh, healthful, and full of
position; altogether, a most fortunate
interest, and gives an ideal picture of
young gentleman. At the time the
home life in England in the past cen-
story opens he takes passage for Eu-
tury.
rope, because he has fallen in love with
the Princess Aline of Hohenwald, or Romance of Dollard, The, by Mary
Hartwell Catherwood, appeared in
rather with a picture of her; and is
1888.
determined to meet her, and by the
It is a romance of New France
in 1660, and breaks new historic ground
help of the gods to woo her.
On the steamer New York, going over,
for romantic treatment. Louis XIV. of
are a Miss Morris and her aunt. Carl-
France has sent out a shipload of stolid
ton finds them very pleasant people,
peasant girls, as wives for the settlers
desirable to know; he confides the object
in New France. In the same ship goes
Mademoiselle Claire de Laval-Montmo.
of his trip to the younger lady. She
is at once in sympathy with the roman-
rency, young and very beautiful. When
tic, impossible project. The three float
she reaches Quebec, she is unable to
around Europe in the wake of the Prin-
explain her purpose in coming out to
The book is written in a clever,
that wild new country quite to the sat-
crisp style, and shows much worldly
isfaction of her uncle, the Bishop of
knowledge.
New France. Pending further exami-
nation by the bishop, she goes to the
Kni
nitters in the Sun, by «Octave marriage market, where the shipload of
Thanet ) (Miss Alice French), is a girls is to be disposed of, to see the
collection of nine short stories, all but strange sight, and to encourage her own
one illustrating the life of the South or maid, who is choose husband.
West. They are tales of every-day life There she finds the Sieur des Ormeaux,
cess.
to
a


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200
SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
Adam Dollard, - the commandant of
Montreal. Dollard has loved her in old
France; and, at this unexpected meet-
ing, pursues his wooing to such good
advantage that they are married at
once, before news of the strange pro-
ceeding can reach the ears of the stern
bishop. Accompanied by Claire's maid,
Louise, and Dollard's servant, Jacques,
who had chosen each other in the mar-
riage market, Claire and Dollard go by
canoe to Montreal.
The Iroquois, the dreaded Six Na-
tions, are moving on the settlements:
there are two bands of them; and if
these can be prevented from joining
forces, New France may still be saved.
Adam Dollard, with sixteen others, has
sworn to go out and check them, giving
and taking no quarter. Dollard, heart-
broken at the pain he must cause Claire,
and filled with remorse at having so
selfishly married her and marred her
peace when he knew the fate in store
for him, starts off without telling her.
Then, ashamed of this cowardice, he
returns. She bears the news bravely,
as becomes a daughter of the house of
Montmorency, and begs to go with
him. He cannot grant her prayer; and
leaves her with the nuns of the Hôtel-
in Montreal. from
association with his neighbors, – thrifty
Mrs. Sullivan and her son Willie, a boy
somewhat older than herself, - Gertrude
grows into a happy and beautiful young
girl, the great comfort of Uncle True.
She is befriended by Emily Graham, a
noble Christian character, the beautiful
only daughter of a rich, indulgent father.
Emily is blind as the result of a careless
act of her young brother. Overcome by
remorse, and embittered by his father's
reproaches, this brother has disappeared,
to Emily's great sorrow. Gerty is sent
to school, where she is fitted to teach;
but after Trueman's death she becomes
a member of the Graham family. Wil-
lie Sullivan, the friend of her childhood,
becomes a noble-minded and successful
young man who falls in love with Ger.
trude. In Philip Amory, a high-minded
man whom Emily and Gertrude meet
while traveling, they discover the long-
lost brother; and he proves in the end
to be Gertrude's father, who for years
has been vainly searching for her. The
story is weak in plot and characteriza-
tion; but the idyllic charm of its first
hundred pages or so gave it for a few
years a very extraordinary vogue. It is
now little read.
the convent in the Claighe, tenlithoutásom Queenslangan Warnerjzabethue hither evas
ueechy, by Wetherell »
wippa, an Indian girl, whose father, a written in 1852, and sold by the thou-
Huron, had joined Dollard's expedition. sand in both England and America;
With wonderful courage, they fight being translated into German, French,
their way through the wilderness to the and Swedish. Mrs. Browning admired
little fort which Dollard is defending. it, and wrote of it to a friend: “I
Dollard and his men hold the fort eight think it very clever and characteristic.
days against the horde of the Iroquois; Mrs. Beecher Stowe scarcely exceeds
then the fort is taken, and all per- it, after all her trumpets. The story
ish. This is a story of heroism, sim- takes place chiefly in Queechy, Ver-
ply told; the truth of the main incidents mont. Fleda Ringgan, an orphan, on
is vouched for in a preface by no less a
the death of her grandfather, goes to
historian than Francis Parkman.
her aunt Mrs. Rossiter, in Paris, under
the care of Mrs. Carleton and her son,
Lamplighter, The, by Maria Susanna rich English people. Every man who
Cummins, was the author's first sees Fleda, from the time she is eleven,
book, and appeared in 1854, when she falls in love with her; but she loves
was twenty-seven. This simple home only Carleton, whom she converts to
story secured an immediate popularity. Christianity. The Rossiters lose their
The scene is laid in New York. Gerty, money, and return to Queechy, where
a forlorn and ignorant girl, spends her Fleda farms, cooks, and makes maple-
early years with Nan Grant, a coarse, sugar, to support her family. Carleton
brutal woman who abuses her. Her revisits America, and is always at hand
greatest pleasure is watching old True- to aid Fleda in every emergency; al-
man Flint as he goes his rounds to light though he never speaks of love until
the city lamps. Trueman rescues the they are showed up on a railway jour-
child, and although he is poor himself, ney. He saves her from the persecu-
adopts her. Under his loving care, and in tions of Thorn, a rival lover. His


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SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
201
a
a
a
re-
mother takes her to England. They after the arrival of her brother Tom,
are married, and do good for many with his wife and the baby; the roman-
years.
tic Bessie, at what she regards as crit-
ical moments, tragically warns her droll
Jewel in the Lotos, The, by Mary
Agnes Tincker.
This is the poetic
but marplot husband against spoiling
title of a romance, the scene of which
it all. A charming description of
is laid in the Italian town of Sassovivo.
yachting trip to Mt. Desert is intro-
duced; the “log” of which is said to
It relates chiefly to the love-story of
Aurelia,
have been furnished by another hand.
young English girl, who
comes there with her aged guardian,
The finale is in exact accordance with
Glenlyon. Don Leopoldo, an Italian
poetic justice: Miss Laura and Philip
nobleman of questionable reputation but
become engaged.
The story, after
time, attained wide popularity in con-
charming personality, falls violently in
love with her; deserting his fiancée, a
sequence of its breezy situations, spark-
wealthy American, for her sake. Au-
ling conversations, and bright descrip-
relia, at first attracted to him, at length
tions, and has been republished with
realizes his unworthiness, and refuses
illustrations.
him in favor of the young English art-
ist, Robert McLellan. Aurelia's com- Mademoiselle Ixe, by Lanoe Falconer.
This short and vivid story gives
panion, Aurora, daughter of the impov-
erished Countess Emilia, is a true child
a graphic description of an episode in
the life of a Russian Nihilist. Made.
of Italy, with the mercurial tempera-
ment and the artistic nature of her race.
moiselle Ixe, who is the principal fig.
ure in the tale, is first introduced as
Her love-affair is a mere thread of ro-
mance, broken almost before it has be-
governess in an English family by the
gun; and thereafter she devotes herself
name of Merrington, where on account
of her extreme reticence she is
to art, and, as a poet, becomes famous
and beloved. Italian politics, the effect
garded with some distrust. However,
of Catholicism and a powerful priest-
owing to her unquestionable ability,
and her satisfactory management of
hood on a facile-minded people, and the
contrast of characters, formed under dif-
the children, she is retained in the
household. She wins the affection of
ferent environments with opposing hered-
itary instincts, are all touched upon, not
Evelyn Merrington, the eldest daughter,
superficially but as a sincere study.
a pretty and attractive girl, who is just
finishing her studies, and who has a
One
ne Summer, by Blanche Willis How- devoted admirer in Parry Lethbridge,
ard. This light but refreshingly a young fellow of wealth, who is a
humorous little romance opens with the constant visitor at the house. In the
quasi-pathetic picture of Miss Laura course of time the Merringtons give a
Leigh Doane, a city girl, imprisoned by ball, and among the guests is a Rus-
the rain in a New England farm-house, sian count, who is visiting in the neigh-
and suffering from loneliness and ennui. borhood. Before the event Mademoiselle
“I would like to be a man,” she cries, Ixe confides to Evelyn that she has
«just long enough
down a message to deliver to the count, whom
Pratt's for that book; but no longer, oh she has previously known. The clic
no, not a moment longer! ) Unable to max of the story is reached when the
bear the dullness, she finally ventures guests at the ball are startled by a
alone on this errand; and the dark, pistol shot and see the count stagger
while charging against the wind around and fall, while Mademoiselle Ixe stands
a corner, runs into Philip Ogden, and immovable with a smoking pistol in
thrusts the ferule of her umbrella stick her hand. She is immediately secured
into his eye. She leads him home; and in her own chamber while the police
he (assuming that she is a girl of hum- are sent for; but during this interval,
ble station) hands her two dollars. Evelyn persuades her to escape, and is
Chagrined, she demurely takes this pun- assisted by Parry, who drives her in
ishment, having learned that he is an his dog-cart to the next town. Before
old chum of her brother's, also spend- her departure Mademoiselle Ixe explains
ing his vacation here,— but she resolves to Evelyn that it is for love of her
never to forgive him. Many scenes of country, an froi no personal motive,
pleasant comedy ensue, both before and that she has tracked her victim to this
C
to
run
to


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202
SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
1
place, and committed the desperate act.
The count proves to be not seriously
injured, and shortly recovers, and Eve-
lyn some three years later marries her
devoted lover. Soon after her mar-
riage she receives a pathetic letter from
a Russian prison congratulating her on
her well-deserved happiness and signed
simply «X. ) The story is told in a
very interesting vein, and has many inter-
esting character-sketches and a decided
touch of wit and humor running through
the book. It was published in 1891.
Not Like Other Girls, by Rosa Nou-
chette Carey, is an agreeable story
of English country town society. Three
pretty sisters, the belles of Oldfield, find
themselves, through their mother's un-
fortunate investments, suddenly penni-
less, and obliged to earn their own
living. Instead of trying to find situa-
tions as incompetent governesses, which
would break up the family and leave
their mother in solitary lodgings, the
Challoner girls decide to pocket their
pride, and become - what they are ad-
mirably fitted for - dressmakers. In
the neighboring watering-place of Had-
leigh they begin their new life; making
gowns for every one who comes, from
the butcher's wife to the rector's daugh-
ters, and accepting their changed social
position with sunny courage.
Though
they suffer some pangs of mortification,
and some trials, they make and keep
friends really worth the having; and
the story hardly needs the deus ex ma-
china, who appears in the shape of a
rich Australian cousin, to make it end
happily. The implied moral of the book
is the foolishness of conventional stand-
ards of gentility; and the story is so
entertaining that the reader accepts its
dictum as an axiom.
Kentuckians, The, by John Fox, Jr. :
is a study of the two races that
inhabit the State of Kentucky: the pros.
perous and cultured dwellers of the
(blue-grass) region, and the rough, sav-
age, ignorant mountaineers, whose civi-
lization to-day is exactly that of their
ancestors, the early settlers. Hallard,
the mountain leader, and Marshall, the
brilliant townsman, are rivals in the
legislature, and rivals for the love of
Anne Bruce, the governor's daughter;
and the struggle between them forms
the story of the book, which is a
markably brilliant picture of some in-
teresting phases of American life, as
well as a sober statement of certain
social problems which insist on a set-
tlement. Mr. Fox's pages bear their
own assurance of authenticity, not less
in their vividness of portraiture than
in their reserve. Nothing is overstated.
Danvers Jewels, The, and Sir Charles
Danvers, by Mary Cholmondeley.
These stories, first published anonymously,
were so cleverly told that they excited
much interest in the unknown author.
In The Danvers Jewels) Colonel Mid-
dleton relates the adventures of a bag
of priceless jewels, which he is commis-
sioned to carry from India to England,
to Sir John Danvers's heir, Ralph Dan-
A professional thief named Carr
attempts to rob him, but Colonel Mid-
dleton delivers the jewels safely at Stoke
Moreton, the Danvers's country-seat. Pri-
vate theatricals are in progress there, and
another actor being necessary, the Colonel
sends for Carr, whom unsuspectingly he
considers his friend. Shortly after Carr's
arrival the jewels disappear; suspicion
falls on Sir Charles Danvers, Ralph's
charming but unpopular brother. Sir
Charles suspects Carr to be the thief;
who, however, proves to be the beautiful
and fascinating girl to whom Ralph is
engaged. This young woman is really
Carr's wife. On her way to London to
sell the jewels a railroad accident occurs,
and Sir Charles and Ralph find her dead,
with the jewels concealed about her.
Ralph marries his cousin Evelyn; and
the Colonel's story comes to an end.
(Sir Charles Danvers) is written in the
third person; Ruth Deyncourt is the
heroine; a clever, attractive girl, who
fancies that her duty lies in helping
Alfred Dare, a poor foreigner to whom she
becomes secretly engaged. Sir Charles
wooes her, but although she loves him she
remains true to Dare until a woman ar-
rives who claims to be Dare's wife.
Through Reymond Deyncourt, Ruth's
good-for-nothing brother, Sir Charles dis-
covers that the woman's claim is false,
and generously tells Dare. Ruth realizes
her mistaken self-sacrifice at last, and
ends by marrying Sir Charles. Lady
Mary, a worldly old woman, is a delight-
ful character; while Molly Danvers, a
queer little girl who alone would make
the fortune of any story, is one of the
most fascinating children in fiction. Sir
Charles Danvers, with his gentleness and
>
vers.
ܕ ܐ
re-


## p. 203 (#239) ############################################

SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
203
strength, his reserved but sympathetic
nature, and his delightful sense of humor,
is, however, rightly entitled to the place
of hero. In The Danvers Jewels) the
The book holds the interest of the
reader throughout; and the descriptions
of the storm and battle are very vivid.
interest centres in a well-told piot; and Bravo, The, by James Fenimore Cooper,
in (Sir Charles Danvers) the charm lies
in the character studies, and in the de-
scriptions of English country life.
on
a
century, full of mystery and intrigue, and
the high-sounding language which fifty
years ago was thought the natural utter-
ance of romance. Don Camillo Monforte,
a Paduan noble, has a right by inherit-
ance to a place in the Venetian Senate.
He becomes obnoxious to the Council,
and a bravo is set on his track to kill
him. He has fallen in love with Violetta,
a young orphan heiress designed for the
son of an important senator; and she
consents to elope with him. A priest
marries them; but by a trick she is sep-
arated from him and carried off. The
Bravo, sick of his horrible trade, has re-
fused to take a hand in the kidnapping
of Violetta; and confesses to Don Camillo
all he knows of it, promising to help him
recover his bride. Jacopo, the Bravo,
finds her in prison, and contrives her es-
cape to her husband; but is himself de-
nounced to the Council of Three, and
pays for his treachery to them with his
head. The romance is of an antiquated
fashion; and has not the genuineness and
personal force of Cooper's sea stories and
Leatherstocking Tales,' which grew out
of an honest love for his subjects.
a
a
Red Rover, The, by James Fenimore
Cooper. (1827. ) This story relates
to the days before the Revolutionary
War; and is one of Cooper's most ex-
citing sea tales. Henry Ark, a lieuten-
ant
his Majesty's ship Dart, is
desirous of distinguishing himself by
aiding in the capture of the notorious
pirate, the Red Rover. With this in
view he goes to Newport, disguised as
common sailor under the name of
Wilder, and joins the Rover's ship, the
Dolphin, which is anchored there await-
ing the departure of a merchantman,
the Caroline. The captain of the Car-
oline meets with an accident and Wil.
der is sent by the Rover to take
his place; shortly after he puts to sea
followed by the Dolphin. A storm
arises, and the Caroline is lost; the
only survivors being Wilder, Miss Ger-
trude Grayson, a passenger, and Mrs.
Wyllys, her governess, who are rescued
by the Dolphin. Not long after,
royal cruiser is sighted. This proves to
be the Dart; and the Rover, going on
board of her in the guise of an officer
in the royal navy, learns by accident
of Wilder's duplicity. He returns
the Dolphin, and summoning his first
mate accuses him of treachery; Wilder
confesses the truth of the charge, and
the Rover, in a moment of generosity,
sends him back to his ship unharmed,
together with the two ladies, without
whom Wilder refuses to
stir. The
Rover then attacks the Dart, and takes
it after a hard fight. He is about to
have Wilder hanged, when it appears
that he is a son of Mrs. Wyllys whom
she has supposed drowned in infancy;
and the Rover, unable to separate the
new-found son from his mother, sets
them all off in a pinnace, in which
they reach shore safely. After the close
of the Revolutionary War a
man is
brought to the old inn at Newport in
a dying condition: he proves to be the
Red Rover, who, having reformed, has
served through the with credit
and distinction.
Cooper, James Fenimore, by Thomas
Ř. Lounsbury. This biography, pub-
lished in the American Men of Letters)
series in 1883, is especially valuable as
the only authentic history of the novel-
ist, who when dying enjoined his fam-
ily to allow no authorized biography to
be prepared. His private life, therefore,
is almost unknown; and we are indebted
to the researches of Professor Lounsbury
for this narrative of the public career of
a much misunderstood man.
In summing up Cooper's work, Profes-
sor Lounsbury says that Leatherstocking
is perhaps the only great original char-
acter American fiction has added to the
literature of the world. Though the
faults of style are serious, they are more
than counterbalanced by the vividness
of description and vigor of narration,
which give the author a high and per-
manent literary place.
oswell's Life of Johnson was pub-
lished in 1791; Johnson's own Jour-
nal of a Tour to the Hebrides ) (1786) is
usually included in editions of the Life. )
Bos
war


## p. 204 (#240) ############################################

204
SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
in strikingly interesting revelations of
Johnson's character, habits, learning,
wit, sincere piety, tenderness of sym-
pathy, unaffected goodness, and end-
lessly active intellect. Equally rich in
literary and in human interest, in many
of its pages delightfully picturesque, it
worthily completes Dr. Birkbeck Hill's
monument to the great master, of whom
the world cannot know too much.
son.
The result of the association of Bos-
well, the born reporter, and Dr. Johnson,
the eighteenth-century great man, was a
biography unsurpassed in literature. It
has gone through many editions; it has
been revised by many editors. It be-
came at once a classic. Why this is so
is not easy of explanation, since the man
who wrote it was only Boswell. But in
him hero-worship took on the proportions
of genius. He merged himself in John-
The Doctor looms large in every
sentence of this singular work, written in
the very hypnotism of admiration. Every
word is remembered; no detail of speech
or manner is forgotten. Boswell begins
with Johnson's first breath (drawn, it
seems, with difficulty), and will not let
him draw a later breath without full
commentary.
“We dined at Elgin, and saw the noble
ruins of the Cathedral. Though it rained,
Dr. Johnson examined them with the
most patient attention. ” Mr. Grant hav-
ing prayed, Dr. Johnson said his prayer
was a very good one. ” Next Sunday,
July 31st, I told him I had been at a meet-
ing of the people called Quakers, where
I had heard a woman preach. Johnson:
(Sir, a woman's preaching is like a dog's
walking on his hind legs. It is not
done well, but you are surprised to find
it done at all. ) » The best-known edition
is Croker's, upon which Macaulay poured
out the vials of his wrath; but the new
edition of Mr. George Birkbeck Hill is
likely to supersede all others, its ad-
mirable taste and scholarship.
Johnsonian Miscellanies, arranged
and edited by George Birkbeck Hill.
(2 vols. , 1897. ) A work supplementing
Mr. Hill's six volumes of the Life,' and
two volumes of the Letters,' of the
famous Dr. Johnson. The first volume
includes: (1) A collection of prayers and
meditations; (2) Annals of his life to
his eleventh year, written by himself;
(3) The Piozzi collection of anecdotes
of the last twenty years of his life; and
(4) An essay on the life and genius
of Johnson, by Arthur Murphy, origi-
nally published as an introduction
the twelve-volume edition of the com-
plete works brought out in 1792. The
second volume is largely concerned with
anecdotes, recollections, studies by Sir
Joshua Reynolds of Johnson's character
and influence, and a considerable variety
of Johnson's letters. The work abounds
Bewick, Thomas, and his Pupils, by
Austin Dobson. This informal bi.
ography, in the poet's charmingly famil-
iar style, is further enlivened by extracts
from the great engraver's autobiography,
prepared for his daughter, and in its de-
scriptions of nature almost striking the
note of English poetry. Born in 1753,
when the art of wood-engraving was at
its lowest ebb, Bewick falsified the say-
ing of Horace Walpole that the world
would “scarcely be persuaded to return to
wooden cuts. It would be easy to draw
a parallel between this son of a Northum-
berland farmer and his contemporary the
Japanese Hokusai. Both were pioneers,
indefatigable workers, lovers of nature
from early childhood, acute observers of
all objects, and artists whose best work
is unrivaled, though their field lay in the
prints displayed in the homes of the peo-
ple. Both the efforts and the escapades
of the English lad are spicy reading. He
had never heard of the word drawing,
and knew no other paintings than the
King's Arms in Ovingham Church, and
a few public signs. Without patterns,
and for coloring having recourse to bram-
bleberry juice, he went directly to the
birds and beasts of the fields for his sub-
jects. He covered the margins of his
books, then the grave-stones of Ovingham
Church and the floor of its porch; then
the flags and hearth of Cherryburn, the
farm-house where he was born. Soon
the neighbors' walls were ornamented
with his rude productions, at a cheap rate.
He was always angling, and knew the
history and character of wild and domes-
tic animals; but did not become so ab-
sorbed in them as to ignore the villa-
gers, their Christmas festivities and other
features of their life. After serving his
apprenticeship to an engraver in Newcas-
tle, he went to London; but pined for the
country, and though he abhorred war,
said that he would rather enlist than re.
main. He opened a shop in Newcastle,
where for nearly fifty years he carried on


## p. 205 (#241) ############################################

SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
205
We see
his work. His serious work begins with and notable events, biographies, anec-
his illustrations to a work called (Select dotes, historical sketches, and oddities of
Fables. His cut for Poor Honest Puss) human life and character, as well as ar-
is worthy of a Landseer in little. Bewick ticles on popular archæology tending to
considered his Chillingham Bull, drawn illustrate the progress of civilization, man-
with difficulty from the living model, his ners, and literature, besides many fugi-
masterpiece; and its rarity, owing to the tive bits and odd incidents. The editor
accidental destruction of the original in bringing out this work expressed a
block, enhances its value. But he reached desire to make it both entertaining and
his high-water mark in birds.
instructive, and in this effort he has
them as he saw them,-alive; for he had admirably succeeded.
an eye-memory like that of Hogarth.
One of the last things he ever did was Books
ks and their Makers, A. D. 476-
to prepare a picture and a biography, in
1709; by George Haven Putnam,
A. M.
some seven hundred words, of a broken-
(2 vols. , 1896. ) A history of the
down horse, dedicating the work to the
production and distribution of the books
that constitute literature, from the fall
Society for the Prevention of Cruelty
to Animals. This forerunner of Black
of the Roman Empire to the close of the
Beauty) was entitled “Waiting for Death. )
seventeenth century, when copyright
His own death occurred in 1828,' before
law, in an English statute of 1710, first
the head of the old horse had been en-
recognized the writings of an author
tirely engraved. Among many delightful
as property to be protected. In an ear-
lier work, Authors and their Public in
passages, this life contains an interesting
Ancient Times, Mr. Putnam covers the
account of the visit that the naturalist
Audubon paid him in 1827. Although
whole ground of the making and circu-
lation of books down to the fall of the
Bewick was responsible for the revival
of wood engraving, he had no (school »
Roman Empire. The three volumes ad-
in the conventional sense. Mr. Dobson
mirably tell the story of books, from their
explains the marked differences between
beginnings in Babylonia, Egypt, India,
Bewick's method and that of Dürer and
Persia, China, Greece, and Rome, to the
Holbein, and credits him with several
age of the printed in place of the manu-
inventions.
script book; and then the immensely
expanded story from Gutenberg's produc-
tion of a working printing-press to the
Book of Days, The, edited by Robert
Chambers. These two large vol-
«Act of Queen Anne. It would be hard
umes (which have for their sub-title (A
to find a more entertaining or a more
Miscellany of Popular Antiquities in con-
delightfully instructive story than that
nection with the Calendar)) contain a
here drawn from wide resources of schol-
arly research, critical discernment, and
curious and interesting collection of what
its editor calls old fireside ideas. This
broadly sympathetic appreciation of every
encyclopedic work was published in Ed-
phase of a great theme, and handled with
inburgh in 1863; and in bringing it out,
happy literary skill. The history of the
the editor expressed a desire to preserve
making of manuscript books in the mon-
interest in what is poetical, elevated,
asteries, and later in the universities,
honest, and of good report, in the old
and of some libraries of such books; and
national life," — recognizing the histori-
the further history of the great printer-
cal, and even the ethical, importance of
publishers after the revival of learning,
keeping this active and progressive age
and of some of the greatest authors, such
in touch with obsolescent customs, man-
as Erasmus and Luther, is a record of
ners, and traditions. Beginning with
that pathway through twelve centuries
January first, each day of the year has
which has more of light and life than
any other we can follow.
its own curious or appropriate selection,
By readers
who value literature as bread of life and
and its allowance of matters connected
with the Church Calendar, - including
source of light to mankind, Mr. Put-
the popular festivals, saints' days, and
nam's volumes will have a first place.
holidays,— with illustrations of Christian
Bostonians, The, a novel of the present
antiquities in general. There is also day, by Henry James, was published
much folk-lore of the United Kingdom, in 1886. Written in a satirical vein, it
embracing popular notions and observ- presents with unpleasant fidelity a strong-
ances connected with times and seasons; minded Boston woman possessed by a


## p. 206 (#242) ############################################

206
SYNOPSES OF NOTED BOOKS
cause
of the most conspicuous and remarkable
scholars in law and founders of legal
practice in American history. A profes-
sor of law in Columbia College in 1796;
judge of the Supreme Court of the State
in 1798; Chief Justice in 1804; Chancel-
lor in 1814-23. On retiring from the
bench in 1823, Kent resumed the work
of a Columbia professor, and gave lect-
ures which grew into the Commenta-
ries); the wide and accurate learning of
which, with their clearness of exposi-
tion, have given him a high and perma-
nent place among the greatest teachers
of law. His decisions as Chancellor,
published 1816–24, almost created Amer.
ican chancery law: and he added to his
great work a (Commentary on Interna-
tional Law,' 1866; Abdy's Edition, 1877.
A notable edition of the Commenta-
ries) is that edited by O. W. Holmes, Jr. ,
1873.
«mission. ” Olive Chancellor, a pale,
nervous, intense Bostonian, who takes
life hard,” is never so happy as when
struggling, striving, suffering in a cause.
The
to which she is devoted
throughout the novel is the emancipa-
tion of women. Living in a one-sex
universe of her own creation, she takes
no account of men, or regards them as
monsters and tyrants. When the book
opens she discovers, or believes she dis-
covers, a kindred soul, - Verena Tarrant,
the daughter of a mesmeric healer, a
beautiful red-haired impressionable girl;
a singularly attractive prey for the mon-
ster man, but possessed nevertheless of
gifts invaluable to the cause of women's
rights, if properly utilized. Certain phases
of Boston life-as women's club meet-
ings, intellectual séances, and lectures —
are depicted with great cleverness; and
the characters are delineated with his
wonted shrewdness and humor. The
novel abounds in epigrammatic sentences.
Olive's smile is likened to a thin ray
of moonlight resting upon the wall of a
prison. ” The smile of Miss Birdseye, a
worn philanthropist, was “a mere sketch
of a smile,- a kind of installment, or pay-
ment on account; it seemed to say that
she would smile more if she had time. )
Miss Chancellor was not old - she was
sharply young. ”
Copyright, The Question of. Compris-
ing the Text of the Copyright Law
of the United States, A Summary of the
Copyright Laws at present in force in the
chief countries of the world, together
with a Report of the Legislation pending
in Great Britain, a Sketch of the contest
in the United States (1837-88), in be-
half of International Copyright, and cer-
tain papers on the development of the
conception of literary property, and on
the results of the American Act of 1891.
Compiled by George Haven Putnam. (2d
Ed. Revised, 1896. ) The full and exact
account on the title-page, and the name of
the scholarly publisher who has prepared
the work, are a guarantee that nothing
more could be desired for an arsenal of
argument on copyright and a handbook
of information absolutely complete.
Cºmme
ommentaries on American Law, by
James Kent.