No More Learning

Sikes, E. W. , Transition of North Carolina from Colony to Common-
wealth (Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies, vol. xvi, nos. 10-11). Balti-
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Silver, J. A. , The Provisional Government of Maryland (1774-1777)
(Johns Hopkins Univ. Studies, vol. xiii, no. 10). Baltimore, 1895.
Smith, C. S. , " The Scarcity of Salt in the Revolutionary War," / M. H.
S. Procs. , vol. xv, pp. 221-227.
Smith, W. R. , "Sectionalism in Pennsylvania during the Revolution,"
Pol. Sci. Quar. , vol. xxiv, pp. 208-235.
, South Carolina as a Royal Province 1719-1776. New York, 1903.
Sparks, J. , The Life of Gouverneur Morris, etc. 3 v. Boston, 1832.
Staples, W. R. , Rhode Island in the Continental Congress. Providence,
1870.
Stille, C. J. , The Life and Times of John Dickinson, 1732-1808 (Hist.
Soc. of Pa. Memoirs, vol. xiii). Philadelphia, 1891.
Trevelyan, G. O. , The American Revolution. 4 v. New York, 1899-
1912.
Tudor, W. , Life of James Otis; Containing Notices of Contemporary
Characters and Events, 1760-1775. Boston, 1823.
Tyler, M. C. , The Literary History of the American Revolution 1763-
1783. 2 v. New York, 1897.
Van Schaack, H. C. , The Life of Peter Van Schaack. New York, 1842.
Wallace, D. D. , The Life of Henry Laurens. New York, 1915.
Weeden, W. B. , Economic and Social History of New England. 2 v.
Boston, 1890.
, Early Rhode Island. New York, 1910.
Wells, W. V. , The Life and Public Services of Samuel Adams. 3 v.
Boston, 1865.
Winsor, J. , ed. , Narrative and Critical History of America. 8 v.
Boston, 1886-1889.
Woodburn, J. A. , Causes of the American Revolution (Johns Hopkins
Univ. Studies, vol. x, no. 12). Baltimore, 1892.
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? ? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-08-19 01:38 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/mdp. 39015011480665 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? INDEX
Acts of trade. Vide: British colo-
nial policy.
Adams, Abigail, on high cost of
living, 589, 590.
Adams, John, on molasses as an in-
gredient of independence, 59;
affairs of, interrupted by Stamp
Act, 70-71; at meeting of Sons
of Liberty, 72; grows tired of
fighting for people's rights, 241,
254; hopes he drank smuggled
tea, 244; journey of. to Phila-
delphia, 405-407; on diversity of
interests in First Continental
Congress, 409, 411; notes of, on
First Continental Congress, 415;
part played by, in First Conti-
nental Congress, 416, 429 n. ;
favors opening of trade by Sec-
ond Continental Congress, 578-
579-
Adams, Samuel, on execution of
non-importation (1769-1770), 183;
warns against dependence on
merchants, 254, 345 n. ; tries to
keep opposition alive, 254-257;
secures establishment of Boston
Committee of Correspondence,
257-258; writes report of Boston
Committee of Correspondence,
258-259; defect of plan of, 260-
261; urges local committees in all
provinces, 261; directs anti-tea
riots in Boston, 283-289, 555;
fails to persuade Boston mer-
chants to adopt non-importation,
318; is present at town meeting
to unseat the committee of cor-
respondence, 321-322; says he
favors an interprovincial con-
gress. 394; leads radicals in First
Continental Congress, 411; mem-
ber of the Sixty-Three at Bos-
ton, 441; favors opening of trade
by Second Continental Congress,
578, 580-581.
Albany, merchants of, adopt non-
importation (1765), 78; mer-
chants of, adopt non-importation
(1769), 125; merchants of, rescind
and renew agreement (1770), 215;
merchants of, rebuke New York
for abandoning agreement, 227;
committee of, protests against
rice exemption, 439.
Andrews, John, reaction of, to
public events, 434 n.
Annapolis, non-importation agree-
ment of inhabitants of (1769),
138; difficulties in, over price of
tea, 211-212; mass meeting at,
adopts non-intercourse resolu-
tions (1774), 360-361; affair of
Peggy Stewart at, 389-392; en-
forcement of non-importation in,
505.
Association. Vide: Continental As-
sociation; defense associations;
? ? loyalist association; non-consump-
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? INDEX
tion agreement in, 63, 64, 76;
domestic manufacturing in, 65;
Stamp Act riots in, 71-72; non-
importation agreement at, 78, 80;
petition of merchants of, (1767),
87-88; Customs Board breaks
power of smugglers in, 99, 102-
104; punishment of informer in,
100; adopts non-consumption,
107-109; domestic manufacturing
in, (1767-1770), 109-110, 121, 122-
124; conditional non-importation
agreement of merchants of,
(1768), 114-115; non-importation
agreements of merchants of,
(1768-1770), 120-121; non-con-
sumption of tea in, 121-122;
merchants of, seek to extend
agreement, 131-133; merchants
of, publish Observations, 133-
134; enforcement of non-impor-
tation in, (1769-1770), 156-183,
217; Massacre, 179-181; com-
plaints of high prices at, 212;
merchants of, boycott Rhode
Island and Portsmouth, 215-216;
merchants of, oppose rescinding
of agreement, 219, 221, 227; mer-
chants of, rescind agreement
(1770), 232-233; merchants of,
limit non-importation to dutied
articles, 233; 1mportation of dutierl
tea at, 246, 264-265, 282 n. , 299;
conservative state of public opin-
ion in. 254-255; establishment of
committee of correspondence at,
255-259, 260-261; arguments used
in, to arouse oppos1tion to ship-
ments of East India Company,
265-277; opposition to tea ship-
ments in, 264-265, 281-290; Tea
Party, 287-288; adoption of tea
non-consumption at, 300-301; pas-
sage of act for closing port of,
305; movement for non-inter-
course in, 311-323; adopts cir-
cular letter (May 13, 1774), 3i3;
problem of unemployment in, 314-
315; merchants of. adopt condi-
tional non-importation agreement,
315-316, 318; committee of cor-
respondence of. launches Solemn
League and Covenant, 319-320;
merchants of, oppose Solemn
Lcagu", 320-321, 322-323; efforts
to unseat committee of corres-
pondence of, 321-322; working-
men of, boycott Gage. 386-388;
appoints Committee of Sixty-
Three, 441; enforcement of non-
consumption in, 481-482; commit-
tee of, endorses use of certifi-
cates in coast trade, 534; high
prices in, 590; merchants of, de-
part with troops, 604.
Boston Massacre, preliminaries to,
179-180; occurrence of, 180-181;
effect of, on non-importation
? ? movement in New England, 155,
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? INDEX
633
effects, 19-21; act for collection
of debts (1732), 21, 36; prohibi-
tion of legal tender issues in New
England (1751), 21-22; absence
of colonial dissatisfaction with,
prior to 1760, 22; measures
against smuggling during Fourth
Intercolonial War, 45-48; Gren-
ville acts (1764), 50-54; colonial
opposition to Grenville acts, 54-
65; Stamp Act (1765), 62-63, 65-
66; incidence of Stamp Act, 66-
71; colonial opposition to Stamp
Act. 71-82; modification of Gren-
ville acts (1766), 82-84; recep-
tion of modif1cations in America,
84-90; Townshend acts (1767),
93-95; partial repeal of Town-
shend acts (1770), 212-213, 239;
reception of partial repeal in
America, 213-236, 240, 244-250;
currency act to relieve New York
(1770), 224; currency act (1773),
243-244; tea legislation (1767-
1773),. 249-251, 262-263, 270, 272;
provision for paying Massachu-
setts judges (1772), 255; appoint-
ment of royal commission to in-
vestigate Gaspee affair, 253, 261;
reception of tea act of 1773 in
America, 264-208; coercive acts
0774), 305-300; effect 9f coer-
cive acts on colonial opinion, 305-
311; colonial opposition to coer-
cive acts, 311-536; New England
Restraining Act (1775), 538;
General Restraining Act (1/75),
539; Prohibitory Act (1775), 540,
573, 579?
Brown. William and John, mer-
chants of Norfolk, violate non-
importation (1770), 199; violate
non-importation (1775), 511, 515.
Charleston, important as trading
centre, 34; attitude of people of,
toward Stamp Act, 73-74; non-
importation in, (1765), 82; non-
importation movement in, (1769-
1770), 140-146, 202-208; mass
meeting in. boycotts Georgia and
New York, 209, 229 n. ; mass
meeting in, abandons non-impor-
tation. 235-236; importation of
duticd tea at, 245, 246, 295; argu-
ments used to arouse opposition
to shipments of East India Com-
pany, 265; opposition to tea ship-
ments, 295-298; formation of
Chamber of Commerce of, 296-
297; activity of Chamber of Com-
merce of, in public affairs, 375,
377; non-intercourse movement
1n, (1774), 374-379; appointment
of General Committee, 378; en-
forcement of non-importation in,
525-527,529; enforcement of non-
exportat1on in, 574.
? ? Coercive acts. Vide: Boston Port
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? 634 INDEX
coercive acts upon merchants of,
306-311, 359; combination of
workingmen of, against Gage,
386-388; instructions in, concern-
ing non-intercourse, 308; efforts
to regulate prices in, 585-589.
Committees of correspondence, sys-
tem of, origin of, in Massachu-
setts towns (1/72), 255-261; ap-
pointment of Virginia legislative
committee (1773) and extension
of plan elsewhere, 261-262; estab-
lishment of local committees
in Rhode Island, 304; legislated
against by Parliament, 306; estab-
lishment of local committees in
Connecticut, 326; in New York,
331-332; in Pennsylvania, 347; in
New Jersey, 357; in Maryland,
361. Vide also: colonies and
towns by name.
Connecticut, trade of, 26; non-con-
sumption movement in, (1767-
1768), 112; non-importation move-
ment in, (1769-1770), 150-152,
196; meetings in, boycott New
York, 228-229; Assembly disap-
proves of Solemn League and
Covenant, 325; towns of, endorse
Boston circular letter, 326; com-
mittee of correspondence elects
delegates to First Continental
Congress, 327: ratification of
Continental Association and estab-
lishment of committees in, 444-
447; workings of Continental
Association in, 486-488; adoption
of defense association in, 542;
Assembly lays embargo, 559-560;
resolutions 1n, against exporta-
tion of flaxseed, 571-572; regula-
tion of prices in, 486-487, 588.
Continental Association, similarity
of. to Virginia Association, 368-
370, 424; evolution of, in First
Continental Congress, 412-421;
passage of, 421-423; analysis of.
423-429; greeted by storm of
protest, 435-439; ratification of, I
and establishment of committees
in separate provinces: Massa-
chusetts, 440-442; New Hamp-
shire, 442-444; Rhode Island,
444; Connecticut, 444-447; New
York, 447-45,; New Jersey, 455;
Pennsylvania, 456-460; Delaware,
460; Maryland, 461; Virginia,
461-462; North Carolina. 462-
464; South Carolina, 464-469;
failure of Georgia to accept, 469-
472; vast importations in antici-
pation of, 473-475; change in
character of, with outbreak of
war, 475-476, 541; generalizations
as to operation of, 476; workings
of, in separate colonies: Massa-
chusetts, 476-483; New Hamp-
shire, 483-485; Rhode Island,
? ? 485-486; Connecticut, 486-488;
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? INDEX
635
in separate colonies: Maryland,
504-505; Virginia, 512; North
Carolina, 522-523; South Caro-
lina, 468, 528-529; Georgia, 549-
Declaratory Act (1766), 83.
Defense associations, adoption of,
542-546; in Georgia. 546-547, 550,
551; action of Newbern commit-
tee respecting, 559; resolution of
Second Cont1nental Congress re-
specting, 564; Van Schaack re-
fuses to sign, 603 n.
Delaware, non-importation move-
ment 1n, (1769-1770), 149-150,
106; convention elects delegates to
First Continental Congress, 357-
358; ratification of Continental
Association and establishment of
committees in, 460; workings of
Continental Association in, 502-
503; enforcement of non-expor-
tation in, 574.
Dick, James, and Stewart, Anthony,
merchants of Annapolis, own
goods imported in Good Intent,
200-201; involved as principals in
Peggy Stewart affair, 389-392;
accede to non-importation, 505.
Dickinson, John, author of Late
Regulations, 54-55, 67; denounces
mob violence, 90; author of Far-
mer's Letters, 114; makes speech
for non-importation, 118; im-
pugns motives of Philadelphia
merchants, 119-120; opposes ship-
ments of East India Company,
269 n. , 275-276; explains meaning
of tea act, 272; is induced to re-
enter public affairs, 341-344; dis-
approves of Boston Tea Party,
342; is chosen chairman of Forty-
Three, 346, 347; is antagonist of
Galloway, 348; takes part in
Pennsylvania convention (1774).
35. 2, 354; is chosen member of
First Continental Congress, 355-
356, 408 n. ; favors holding inter-
provincial congress, 394; is chosen
member of Sixty-Six, 458.
Draytpn, William Henry, character-
ization of, 202; engages in con-
troversy with Gadsden, 202-205;
leaves America as result of boy-
cott. 203, 206; joins radical party
after coercive acts, 310; favors
compensation plan in South Caro-
lina congress, 468; comments on
South Carolina congress, 469; op-
poses landing of horses, 527.
Dulany, Daniel, author of Consid-
erations, 68-69; repelled by Stamp
Act riots, 92.
East India Company, efforts of, to
escape bankruptcy, 250; acts of
Parliament concerning tea, (1767-
1773), 249-251, 262-263; becomes
exporter of tea, 263-264; union
? ? of northern merchants against
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? 636
INDEX
Massachusetts delegates to, 405- j
407; characterization of member-
ship of, 407-410; proceedings of,
410-431; official utterances of, as
to tea troubles, 274, 430-431; sig-
nificance Of radical victory in,
432-435.
Franklin, Benjamin, on incidence
of Stamp Act, 68, 69-70; on rea-
sons for colonial opposition, 83;
pleased with remedial legislation
of 1766, 85; urges continuance of
non-importation (1770), 220; com- I
ments on reluctance of British
merchants to petition Parliament.
238; disapproves of Boston Tea:
Party, 299-300; changes mind as
to Tea Party, 300-310; gives ad-
vice as to non-exportation, 422 n. ;
books of, are permitted to land,
566; takes part in Second Conti-
nental Congress, 576 n. , 583.
Franklin, William, governor of
New Jersey, on trade conditions,
49; reports erection of slitting
mill, 243; views of, on an inter-
provincial congress, 393, 394-395;
on efficacy of Continental Asso-
ciation, 404.
Gads den, Christopher, opposes
Stamp Act, 75, 76; leads non-im-
portation forces (1760-1770), 140,
142, 143, 145; has controversy
with Drayton, 202-206; circulates
agreement for tea non-importa-
tion, 296; leads movement for
non-intercourse (1774), 373; eco-
nomic interests of, 373 n. ; is
chosen delegate to First Conti-
nental Congress, 377, 378; takes
part in First Continental Con-
gress, 414, 417; seeks to have rice
exemption repudiated, 464, 467,
468; opposes landing of horses,
527; takes part in Second Conti-
nental Congress, 569, 578.
Galloway, Joseph, repelled by Stamp
Act violence, 02-93; writes against
non-importation, 116-117; on sig-
nificance of tea act (1773), 263-
264; views of, prior to First Con-
tinental Congress, 347-349; takes
part in election of delegates to
Congress, 349-35O, 35. 4-356; ap-
proves of interprovmcial con-
gress, 393-394; leads minority in
First Cont1nental Congress, 410-
415, 422-423; characterizes Sam-
uel Adams, 411; withdraws from
extra-legal activities, 433, 456;
seeks to win over Assembly
against measures of Continental
Congress, 459-460.
Gas pee, burning of, 252-253; stirs
Virginia to action, 261.
Georgia, economy of, 33-34; atti-
tude of merchants of, toward
? ? Stamp Act, 75; boycotted by
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? INDEX
637
Dickinson, 132; vessels of,, carry
goods debarred by agreement 166,
167-169; entertains friends with
tea, 244; permits dutied tea to be
carried in his ships, 246; cools
toward Samuel Adams, 254-255;
declines membership in commit-
tee of correspondence, 257; part
of, in tea troubles in Boston, 284,
289, 555; member of Sixty-Three,
441.
Henry, Patrick, and Parsons' Case,
38; favors non-importation in
Virginia (1769), 136; influential
in House of Burgesses, 363; takes
part in First Continental Con-
gress, 414.
Hopkins, Stephen, author of Rights
of Colonies, 54; opposes powers
of Gaspee commission, 253.
Hutchinson, Thomas, on Stamp Act
riots, 71, 72 n. ; alienated from
merchants, 92; on merchants and
non-importation, 121, 163, 172,173,
182; relatives of, violate non-
importation, 159, 164;. rebukes
mob, 176; seeks to stop merchants'
meeting, 177; on tea smuggling,
179, 247; promotes an assoc1ation
against non-importation, 'HI; on
popular excesses, 181; on obser-
vation of non - importation in
Rhode Island, 195; on tea prices
in England, 250; seeks to con-
ciliate Hancock, 255; on compo-
sition of town meetings, 256; has
dispute with town meeting over
judges' salaries, 257; expresses
opinion of committee of corres-
pondence, 258, 259, 260; on oppo-
sition of tea traders to act of
1773, 264-265; has interest in
sons' tea business, 282; conduct
of, during tea riots in Boston,
281-289; on public indifference to
loss of East India Company, 289-
200; address to, upon departure
from Boston, 3167317.
Illicit commerce. Vide: smuggling.
Independence, New York commit-
tee suppresses false report of,
557; opening of trade with world
as a step toward. 577, 578, 580-
581; passage of Prohibitory Act
as incentive to, 580; Paine's Com-
mon Sense on, 593; criticized as
visionarv 594; statement of eco-
nomic advantages of, requested,
595-598; economic advantages of,
depicted, 598-602; course adopted
by merchants upon declaration
of, 602-606.
Jefferson, Thomas, on economic
bondage of planters, 36; orders
goods debarred by agreement, 236.
Laurens, Henry, disapproves of
Stamp Act, 74; aroused by vice-
? ? admiralty regulations, 102; pre-
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? 638
INDEX
450; favors relaxing of tea non-
consumption, 582.
Macknight, Thomas, of Currituck
County, N. C. , circumstances sur-
rounding boycott of, 523-524.
Madison, James, leads Princeton
demonstration to protest against
New York's defection (1770),
227; analyzes opposition to pop-
ular measures in Virginia, 364-
Manufactures, superior1ty of Brit-
ish, 16; restraints on colonial, and
effects, 19-21; movement for do-
mestic, (1764-1766), 64-65, 77; de-
cline of, 86; movement for do-
mestic, (1767-1770), 107, 109-111,
121, 122-124, 130-131, 146, 148,
151-152, 243; attempt of East
India Company to suppress, of
chinaware in Philadelphia, 280;
provisions for promot1on of, in
Continental Association, 427, 612;
movement for domestic, (1774-
1776), 482-483, 484, 486, 487, 492,
495, 500-502, 517-518. 524, 528, 553-
554; provisions for promotion of,
by . Second Continental Congress,
564.
Marblehead, merchants of, appoint
committee, 60; non-importation
in, (1765-1766), 80; non-importa-
tion in, (1768-1770), 121, 184-185;
appoints committees of corres-
pondence (1772), 260; endorses
Boston circular letter (1774),
314; appoints committee of ob-
servation, 440-441; enforcement
of non-importation in, (1774-
1775), 479-48o; enforcement of
non-consumption in, 481-483;
suppresses loyalists, 554.
Maryland, trade of, 32-33; non-
importation in, (1769-1770), 139,
109-202; merchants of, capture
trade of Philadelphia, 218; break-
down of non-1mportation in,
(1770), 233-234; importation of
dutied tea in, 244-245, afi. 389;
county resolutions regarding non-
intercourse (1774), 301; appoint-
ment of delegates to First Conti-
nental Congress in, 362; affair of
Peggy Stewart in, 389-392; ratifi-
cation of Continental Association
and establishment of committees
in, 461; conventions (1774), 361-
362, 461, 507; increased importa-
tion into, in anticipation of Con-
tinental Association, 474 n. ; work-
ings of Continental Association
in, 504-509; restrictions on col-
lection of debts in, 360-361, 504-
505; convention boycotts Georgia,
etc. , 531; decline of importation
as result of Continental Associa-
tion, 535; form of defense asso-
ciation in, 543; committees assist
? ? militia, 553; convention refuses
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? INDEX
British commercial policy, 22;
character of business of, in com-
mercial provinces, 24-27, 40-45;
dominant position of, 27-29; atti-
tude of, toward England, 30-32;
oppose smuggling regulations dur-
ing Last Intercolonial War, 45-49;
enjoy wartime prosperity, 56-57;
experience hard times (1764-
1766), 57-59; affected by stamp
duties, 66-68, 70; partially satis-
fied by acts of 1766, 86-87; posi-
tion of, in early 1767, 91-93; posi-
tion of, after passage of Town-
shend acts, 95; determine upon
orderly resistance, 96; methods of
opposition employed by, 96-97,
105; become discontented with
non-importation, 209-214; become
alienated from radicals, 240-244;
unite in opposition to shipments
of East India Company, 264-265,
279; shocked by Boston Tea
Party, 299; effect of coercive acts
upon, 306-309; only eleven, in
First Continental Congress, 409;
effect of First Continental Con-
gress upon, 432, 433-435; increase
importations in ant1cipation of
Continental Association, 473-475;
depletion of stocks of, 579, 586,
589; accused of forestalling, 585-
586; connection with revolution-
ary movement (1764-1775), 591-
593; position of, on eve of Dec-
laration of Independence, 593-
600; decision of, when independ-
ence declared, 602-606. Vide also:
factors; separate provinces and
chief ports by name.
Middle colonies, commerce of, 26-
27; importance of merchants in,
27-32.
Molasses, act of Parliament (1733),
19, 31-32, 42-43; importance of, as
article of commerce, 25-26, 27, 43;
smuggling of, prior to 1764, 42-
49; reduction of duty on, (1764),
52-53; colonial opinion of act of
1764 concerning, 55-56, 58; as an
ingredient of independence, TO;
reduction of duty on, (1766), 84;
effect of reduction on smuggling
of, 97; reception of news of re-
duction on, in America, 84-85, 87;
importance of duty on, as source
of revenue, 131; effort of Boston
merchants to have duties on, in-
cluded as object of non-importa-
tion, 131-133; trade in, criticized
as violation of taxation principle,
134, 191, 218, 230, 275; decline in
smuggling of, 251; resolutions of
First Continental Congress re-
specting, 421, 425, 608, 612.
Morris, Gouverneur, on rise of rad-
icals in New York, 307-308 n. ;
describes election of Fifty-One,
? ? 330-331.
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? 640
INDEX
dorses Boston circular letter I
(1774), 326; visited by Massachu-
setts delegates, 406; resolves to
boycott Fairfield County deputies,
446.
New Jersey, non-importation move-
ment in, (1769-1770), 150, 196;
meetings in, denounce New York
for defection, 228; Assembly re-
plies to Boston circular letter,
3S6-3S7; movement for non-inter-
course in, (1774), 356-357; con-
vention elects delegates to First
Continental Congress, 357; ratifi-
cation of Continental Association
and establishment of committees
in, 455; workings of Continentil
Association in, 493-495; provin-
cial congress endorses boycott of
Georgia, etc. , 532; adoption of de-
fense association in, 542; provin-
cial congress instructs committees
to apprehend deserters, 553; diffi-
culties over prices in, 587-588, 590.
Newport, important as trading cen-
tre, 25, 27; hard times in, 58;
burning of Liberty at, 101; adopts
non-consumption agreement
(1767), 112; attitude of mer-
chants of, toward non-importa-
tion (1769-1770), 153-155, 195-196,
215-216; adopts non-importation
of tea (1773), 3<>3; endorses Bos-
ton circular letter (1774), 325-
326; appoints committee of obser-
vation, 444; enforcement of non-
importation in, 485; non-exporta-
tion of sheep in, 485.
New York city, important as trad-
ing centre, 26-27; identity of in-
terests of, with leading northern
ports, 32; merchants of, organize
(1764), 6o-61; promotion of man-
ufacturing in, 64, 77; opposition
to Stamp Act in, 73; non-con-
sumption agreement at, (1765-
1766), 76-77; non-importation
agreement at, 78; merchants of,
petition Parliament (1766), 87-
88; punishment of informer in,
loo; mass meeting adopts plan of
retrenchment, 113; merchants of,
adopt conditional non-importation
agreement (1768), 115-116; for-
mation of Chamber of Commerce
of, 116; merchants and tradesmen
adopt non-importation (1768),
124-125; merchants refuse to ex-
tend scope of agreement (1769),
133; merchants boycott Newport,
154-155, 215; enforcement of non-
importation in, (1768-1770), 186-
190; difficulties over price of tea,
211; breakdown of non-importa-
tion in, (1770), 217-218, 220-227;
opposition to rescinding of non-
importation in, 219, 220. 223;
? ? adoption of agreement against
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? INDEX
641
572; merchants petition for relax-
ing of tea non-consumption, 583.
New York province, act of Parlia-
ment to relieve currency shortage
in, 90 n. , 224; appointment of
committees of correspondence in,
331-333; election of delegates to
First Continental Congress in
rural, 340-341; delegates of, in
First Continental Congress op-
posed to measures adopted, 438-
439, 447; establishment of com-
mittees in, 447-452, 454-455. 546;
failure of Assembly to ratify
Continental Association, 452-454;
workings of Continental Associa-
tion in, 489-493; provincial con-
gress requires bond of coast trad-
ers, 535; decline of importations
into, as result of Continental As-
sociation, 535; history of defense
association in, 543-546; resolu-
tions of provincial congress of,
554, 559, 583.
Non-consumption, in 1764-1765, 63-
64, 76-77; in 1767-1768, 106-109,
111-114; in 1769-1770, 146, 181-
182, 184, 185-186, 194, 196, 209; of
tea (I773-1774), 300-301; in Bos-
ton (1774), 316; in Virginia, 363,
369; resolutions of First Conti-
nental Congress concerning, 414,
426, 609; enforcement of, in sep-
arate provinces: Massachusetts,
481-483; New Hampshire, 484-
485; Connecticut, 486-488; New
York, 492, 493, 581-582; New Jer-
sey, 495; Pennsylvania, 500-501,
582; Delaware, 503; Maryland,
506-507, 508-509; Virginia, 516;
South Carolina, 525-526, 528;
Rhode Island, 581. Vide also:
Continental Association; non-im-
portation; Solemn League and
Covenant.
Non-exportation, of tobacco sug-
gested in Virginia, 136; of leather
in South Carolina, 146; Boston
circular letter proposes. 313; ar-
guments for, in Philadelphia, 350-
351; resolutions in Maryland
favoring, 360-362; resolutions in
Virginia favoring, 366, 369; reso-
lutions in North Carolina favor-
ing, 372 n. ; instructions of dele-
gates of First Continental Con-
gress respecting, 398-399; press
discussion prior to First Conti-
nental Congress concerning, 400;
resolutions of First Continental
Congress concerning, 415-419, 427,
609; enforcement of, of sheep,
480-481, 483, 485-486, 488, 489; of
munitions at Charleston, 525;
adoption of, for military purposes,
559-562; resolutions of Second
Continental Congress respecting,
? ? 565-568; advent of, and its en-
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? 642
INDEX
233. 234, 235-236,236; effect of, on
Great Britain (1769-1770). 236-
239; extent of enforcement of, of
dutied articles, 244-251, 264-265,
282 n. , 295; adoption of new
agreements of, of tea (1773),
281,285-286, 292, 296-297, 302, 303-
304; execution of, of tea against
East India Company (1773), 279-
298; Boston circular letter (1774)
proposing, 313; merchants of Bos-
ton adopt conditional, 315-316,
318; provided by Solemn League
and Covenant, 319-327; argu-
ments over, in Philadelphia, 350-
35-1; resolutions of Pennsylvania
concerning, 351-354; movement
for, (1774). 311-386; instructions
of delegates of First Continental
Congress concerning, 398-399;
press discussion concermng,
(1774). 400-404; resolutions of
First Continental Congress con-
cerning, 413, 420-421, 425-426, 608,
610; enforcement of, facilitated
by large advance importations,
475; enforcement of, in separate
provinces (1774-1775): Massa-
chusetts, 478-480, 534; New Hamp-
shire, 483; Rhode Island, 485,
534; Connecticut, 486; New York,
489-491, 493; New Jersey, 494;
Pennsylvania. 498-499,502; Mary-
land, 505-506, 507-508, 509; Vir-
ginia. 510-511, 514-516, 519, 534;
North Carolina, 520-521, 525;
South Carolina, 526-527, 529;
regulations concerning, in coast
trade, 534-535; decline of trade
resulting from, 535-536; enforce-
ment of, in Geonria, 551; resolu-
tions of Second Continental Con-
gress concerning, $65-568. Vide
also: Continental Association;
Solemn League and Covenant.
North Carolina, economy of, 34;
non-importation movement in,
(1769-1770), 148-149, 208-209;
non-intercourse movement in,
(1774) 370-373; convention
(1774), 3727373; election of dele-
gates to First Continental Con-
gress in, 372; ratification of Con-
tinental Association and establish-
ment of committees in, 462-464;
convention (1775), 463-464; en-
forcement of Continental Asso-
ciation in, 519-525; restrictions on
collection of debts in, 522-523;
decline of importations into, as
result of Cont1nental Association,
535; convention encourages mak-
ing of salt, 584-585.
Otis, James, on writs of assistance,
47; author of Rights. of Colonies,
54; spokesman for merchants, 54
n. ; denounces mob violence, 96;
? ? fights with customs commissioner,
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? INDEX
643
Pennsylvania Journal, 73 n. , 458;
free advertisements in Newport
Mercury, 112; use of, for propa-
gandist purposes recommended,
136; Boston Chronicle, most en-
terprising of, 160, 178; radical
activities of Edes of Boston Ga-
zette, 72 n. , 282; paper for use of,
permitted to land at Wilmington,
521.
Philadelphia, important as trading
centre, 26-27; merchant-aristoc-
racy of, 28; identity of interests
of, with leading northern ports,
32; merchants of, organize (1764),
61; non-consumption agreement
in, 64, 76-77; opposition to Stamp
Act in, 73; domestic manufactur-
ing in, (1765-1766), 77; non-im-
portation agreement in, 79, 81;
trouble over smuggled wine at,
101; meeting in, fails to adopt
non-consumption (1768), 113;
merchants of, fail . to adopt non-
importation, 116-120; merchants
of, adopt non-importation (1769),
125-130; domestic manufacturing
in, (1769-1771), 130-131; mer-
chants of, refuse to extend scope
of agreement, 132-133, 230; mer-
chants of, threaten to boycott
Newport, 154-155; enforcement of
non-1mportation in, 191-194; diffi-
culties over price of tea in, 211;
boycott of Rhode Island by, 215-
216; breakdown of non-importa-
tion in, (1770), 218-220, 229-232;
opposes alteration of agreement,
agreement aeainst dutied articles
222, 223; mass meeting of. boy-
cotts New York, 227; adoption of
agreement against dutied articles
in, 231; observation of boycott of
tea in, 246-248, 251; smuggling of
tea jn, 247-251; mob in, rescues
detained vessel, 252; arguments
used to arouse opposition to East
India Company in, 265-277; oppo-
sition to tea shipments in, 264-
? 6S, 279-281, 290-291; public opin-
ion of, veers in favor of Boston,
309-310; movement for non-inter-
course in, 341-356; election of
Nineteen, 344; Nineteen replies to
Boston circular letter (1774),
344; election of Forty-Three, 347;
election of delegates to First
Continental Congress in, 349-356;
merchants of, refuse supplies to
Gage, 388; election of Sixty-Six,
456-458; increased importation
into, in anticipation of Continental
Association, 473; enforcement of
non-importation in, 498-499, 502;
regulat1on of prices in, 499-500,
586-587; promotion of manufac-
turing in, 501-502; enforcement
? ? of non-consumption in, 500-501;
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? 644
INDEX
I77o), 13SI active in agitation
against Parliament (1774), 359-
360; asked to support independ-
ence on basis of self-interest, 600-
602.
Portsmouth, non-importation in,
(1770), 104-195, 216-217; non-im-
portation of tea in, (1773-1774),
302-303; committee sends out
Solemn League, 325; appoints
Forty-Five, 443; enforcement of
Continental Association in, 483-
484.
Prices, regulation of, provided in
Continental Association. 426, 427,
610; in Connecticut, 486-487; in
New York, 491-492; in Pennsyl-
vania, 409-500; in Maryland, 507;
in Virginia, 516-517; in North
Carolina, 521; in South Carolina,
525; of tea provided by Second
Continental Congress, 584; of salt
in plantation provinces, 584-585;
of salt provided by Second Con-
tinental Congress, 585; in com-
mercial provinces, 585-589; aban-
doned by Second Continental
Congress, 589; results of aban-
donment of, 500; of salt revived
by Congress, 590-591.
Providence, adopts non-importation
agreement (1767), 111-112; non-
importation movement in, (1769-
1770), 153; rescinds and renews
agreement (1770), 215-216; burn-
ing of Gaspee near, 252-253; en-
dorses Boston circular letter
(1774), 325-326; proposes holding;
of interprovincial congress. 326,
393; appoints committee of ob-
servation, 444; enforcement of
non-importation in, 485, 534; en-
forcement of non-exportation in,
485; enforcement of non-con-
sumption in, 486, 581; stops ex-
portation of flaxseed. 572; regu- j
lalion of prices in, 589.
Quakers of Pennsylvania, favor
non-importation during Stamp
Act. 191, 497; warn members
against non-importation (1769),
191-192; member of. skeptical of
patriotism. 212; help form slate
of candidates, 346; are chief
source of opposition to Conti-
nental Association, 456, 460, 495-
498; oppose demonstrations
against Boston Port Act, 496;
oppose independence, 603-604.
Randolph, Peyton, connives at smug-
gling, 42; favors non-importation
in Virginia, 136, 198; presides
over ex-burgesses (1774), 363,
364; is chosen president of First
Continental Congress, 412; thanks
Williamsburg merchants, 509; an-
swers complaint regarding mer-
? ? cantile credits, 511.
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? INDEX
645
from boycott by Second Conti-
nental Congress, 532; influence
of, in Georgia congress 0775),
549-
Salem, merchants of, employ Otis
in writs case, 47; merchants of,
appoint committee, 60; non-im-
portation in, (1765-1766), 80; non-
1mportation in, (1768-1770), 121,
184, 185; endorses Boston circular
letter (1774), 314; appoints com-
mittee of observation, 441; en-
forcement of non-importation in,
(1774-1775), 479, 48o; enforce-
ment of non-exportation in, 480-
481; committee corrects Newport
as to interpretation of Continen-
tal Association, 486; committee
issues certificates, 534.
Savannah, non-importat1on in, (1769-
1770), 147-148; importation of
dutied tea in, 246; a centre of
radicalism, 380; protest of inhabi-
tants of, against provincial con-
vention, 383-384; radicals of, dif-
fer with those of St. John's Par-
ish, 470; caucus at, 547-548; meet-
ing at, appoints committee of ob-
servation, 548.
Second Continental Congress, boy-
cotts Georgia, Quebec, etc. , 532,
550-551; regulates trade with
Nantucket, 561-562; difficulties
confronting. 562-563; becomes de
facto government, 563; increases
functions of committees of obser-
vation, 563-564; encourages man-
ufacturing, 564; elaborates Conti-
nental Association, 565-566; re-
peals rice exemption, 566; author-
izes mumtions trade, 566-568; re-
solves to ignore parliamentary
exemption, 560-570; passes reso-
lutions respecting non-exporta-
tion, 573-574, 575; debates open-
ing of trade with world, 576-580;
opens trade with world, 580; de-
c1des to relax regulation for non-
consumption of tea, 582-584, 589;
provides for regulation of price
of salt, 585: removes restraints
on. prices, $89; authorizes regu-
lation of pr1ce of salt, 590-591.
Slaves, non-importation of, in Vir-
ginia (1769), 137; action against
importation of, in South Carolina
(1769-1770), 143, 146, 207; non-
importation of, in Georgia, 148;
action against purchase of, in
North Carolina, 149; resolutions
in Virginia against importation
of (1774), 366-367, 369; resolu-
tions in North Carolina against
importation of, 371, 372 n. ; non-
importation of. provided by Con-
tinental Association, 426, 428, 608,
609; enforcement of non-impor-
? ? tation of, 515, 521-522; non-im-
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? 646
INDEX
warn merchants to observe non-
importation, 208; misconceive
purpose of merchant-reformers,
210; Association of, at New York,
292; superseded by Committee of
'Mechanics in New York, 330.
South Carolina, economy of, 33-34;
non-importation movement in,
(1769-1770), 140-147, 202-208;
General Committee urges South
Carolina association on other
provinces, 214; breakdown of
non-importation in, 235-236; non-
intercourse movement in, (1774),
373-374; convention O774J, 375-
378; appointment of General
Committee in, 3/8-379; delegates
of, in First Continental Congress
seek to protect rice and indigo
interests, 417-419, 421-422; ratifi-
cation of Continental Association
and establishment of committees
in, 464-469; congress (1775), 4^7-
469; restrictions on collection of
debts in, 527-528; enforcement of
Association in, 525-529; General
Committee boycotts Georgia, 529-
530; decline of importations into,
as result of Continental Associa-
tion, 535; form of defense asso-
ciation in, 543; resolutions of
provincial congress of, 561, 584.
Stamp Act, passage of, 62-63, 65-66;
classes affected by, 66-71, 230;
violent opposition to, 71-75; Con-
gress, 23-24, 75-76; economic op-
position to, 76-82; repeal of, 83.
Sugar Act (1764). Vide: Grenville
acts.
Tea, non-consumption of, (1767-
1770). 108-109, 121, 181-182, 184,
185-186, 194, 196, 209; importation
of dutied, at Boston, 178; open
sale of smuggled, 179; regulation
of price of, (1770), 211-212; limi-
tation of non-importation to
dutied, etc. . 236-227, 231, 233, 234,
235-236, 236; popular acquiescence
in duty on, (I77O-I773), 244-246,
264-265, 274, 282 n. , 295, 389; ob-
servance of boycott of, in New
York and Philadelphia, 246-247;
smuggling of, after 1770, 247-251;
acts of Parliament concerning,
(1767-1773). 94, 07-98, 249-251,
262-263, 270, 272; effect of act of
1773 upon private trade in, 264-
265; arguments used to arouse
opposition to East India Com-
pany's shipments of, 265-277; op-
pos1tion to shipments of, at chief
ports: Philadelphia, 279-281, 290-
291; Boston, 281-290; New York,
291-294; Charleston, 295-298;
agreements against smuggling of,
297, 300-301; adoption of new
agreements against, (1773), 281,
? ? 285-286. 292, 296-297, 300-301, 302,
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? INDEX
647
131; partial repeal of, 212-213,
239-
Virginia, trade of, 32-33; debtors'
acts and Parsons' Case in, 37-38;
whigism of planters of, due to
debts, 39; hard times in, (1764),
62, 74; non-importation move-
ment in, (1769-1771), 135-138, 198-
199, 236; importation of dutied
tea in, 246; establishment of com-
mittee of correspondence of, 261-
262; public opinion of, veers in
favor of Boston, 311; non-inter-
course movement in, 362-370; con-
vention (1774), 368-370; election
of delegates to First Continental
Congress in, 368; efforts of dele-
gates of, in First Continental
Congress to protect tobacco in-
terests, 416-417; ratification of
Continental Association and estab-
lishment of committees in, 461-
462; convention (1775), 462; in-
creased importation into, in an-
ticipation of Continental Associa-
tion, 474 n. ; hostility of factors
of, to Continental Association,
500-511, 513, 516-517; restrictions
on collection of debts in, 512; en-
forcement of Continental Asso-
ciation in, 513-519, 534; House of
Burgesses boycotts Georgia, etc. ,
532; decline of importations into,
as result of Continental Associa-
tion, 535; committees of, super-
vise enlistments, 553; convention
passes war resolutions, 554, 560-
561, 584-585; enforcement of non-
exportation in, 574; economic ad-
vantages assured to, by independ-
ence, 600-602.
Washington, George, complains of
poor crops, 62; works for non-
1mportation in Virginia, 135-138;
violates non-importation agree-
ment, 197 n.
Wine, duties on, (1764), 53; smug-
gling of, 98, 101; importance of
duties on, as source of revenue,
131; non-importation of, in South
Carolina, 144, 146; non-importa-
tion of, in Georgia, 148; efforts
of Boston merchants to include
duties on, as object of non-impor-
tation, 131-133; trade in, criti-
cised as violation of taxation
principle, 191, 218, 230, 275; de-
cline 1n smuggling of, 251; reso-
lutions of First Continental Con-
gress concerning, 421, 425, 426,
608, 612; enforcement of non-
importation of, 499, 505.
Workingmen, colomal, dependence
of, on merchants, 28; organized
as Sons of Liberty, 72, 92; enter
into politics in Charleston, 140;
protest against Drayton's asper-
? ? sions, 204; declare for continu-
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?