" And be ye lift up, ye
everlasting
gates.
Augustine - Exposition on the Psalms - v1
What is this ?
Let us see whether it be ---- not thy possession, let us see whether thou dost not claim
it for thyself. I labour for the name of Christ, thou for the
name of Donatus. For if thou look to Christ, Christ is every
where. Thou sayest, Lo, here is Christ: I say, He is through- Mat. 24,
out the world. Praise the Lord, ye servants; praise
Name of the Lord. Wherefrom do they praise ? Where- 1. 3. unto do they praise ? From the rising of the sun unto the
going down thereof, praise ye the Name of the Lord. See the Church which I shew to you, see what Christ hath bought, see what He hath redeemed, see for what He hath given His blood. But what sayest thou ? "
I gather for
Him too. " He that gathereth not with Me, Christ saith, Mat. 12
theP^n3
scattereth. Thou dividest unity, thou seekest thine own30.
And why have they Christ's Name ? Because for the defence of thine own possession thou hast affixed Christ's titles. Do not some do the same with their own houses ? Lest some powerful person should attack his house, he affixes thereon the title of some powerful one, a false title. He would be himself the owner, and would have the front of his house protected by another man's title: that on reading the title one may be scared at the power of the name, and abstain from attacking the house. This they did when they condemned the Maximianists0. They pleaded before judges, and adduced their own council; as it were, shewing their titles, that they might appear to be Bishops. Then the
possessions.
judged asked, " Who is the other Bishop here, of the party of Donatus ? " The official answered, " We know none but Aurelius the Catholic. " In fear of the laws they made answer of one Bishop only. But they, that they might gain the ear of the judge, affixed Christ's Name : on their own
possession they affixed His title. Gracious is the Lord to spare them, and claim that for His own possession, where soever He findeth His title. Powerful is His mercy, Who doeth that for them, Who gathereth together, whomsoever
c ' Propter possessions osculentur
nobis caput et manus et pereant filii
alieni. ' Perhaps, ' so far as possession
is concerned, let our people kiss one of whom is given by St. Augustine, in another, head and hands, and let there Serm. II. on Ps. 37, (Lat. 36. ) ? . 20. be an end of aliens. ' But the meaning See also Labbe, Cone. II. 1089. 1153.
is ohscure,
d The Maximianists were a party
among the Donatists, a fuller account
166 Christ claims to take the house that claims to be His.
Psalm He findeth bearing the name of Christ. And consider, '. Brethren, when any powerful one findeth his title, doth he not justly claim it for his own and say, " He would not
sacra- menta
affix my title, unless it were my property ? He hath affixed my title, it is my property: that, whereon I find my name, is mine. " Does he change the title ? The title is the very same as before : the owner is changed, the title is not changed. So also with those that have the baptism of Christ, if they return to unity, we do not change or destroy their title ; but we acknowledge the title of our King, the title of our Captain. But what do we say? O wretched house, may He own thee, Whose title thou bearest: thou bearest Christ's title ; be not the possession of Donatus.
32. We have spoken at great length, Brethren; but let not that, which is read to-day, depart from your recollec tion. Lo, I repeat it, and often must it be repeated: by this very day, that is, by the mysteries of this day, I adjure you that it go not out of your hearts, All the borders of the earth shall remember themselves, and be turned to the Lord. And all the kindreds of the nations shall worship in His sight. For the kingdom is the Lord's, and He shall rule over the nations. Against so clear and so manifestly proven a possession of Christ, listen not to the words of the wrangler. Whatever they say to gainsay they are men that say
but this God saith.
PSALM XXIII. A Psalm of David himself.
The Church speaks to Christ: (ver. I. ) The Lord feedeth me, and shall lack nothing. The Lord Jesus
Lat. XXII.
Christ my Shepherd, and shall lack nothing.
2. Ver. 2. In a place of pasture there hath He placed me. 1pascua>In place of fresh pasture, leading me to faith there hath
enta. "
He placed me to be nourished. By the water of refreshing hath He brought me up. By the water of baptism, whereby they are refreshed who have lost health and strength, hath He brought me up.
3. Ver. 3. He hath converted my soul He hath led me forth in the paths of righteousness, for His Name's sake.
:
a 1. is
',
I I
it,
it ;
Christ our Shepherd, Guide, and support through death. 167
He hath brought me forth in the narrow ways, wherein few Ver.
walk, of His righteousness ; not for uiy merit's sake, but for
His Name's sake. I 4. Ver. 4. Yea, though
--
walk in the midst
of death. Yea, though I walk in the midst of this life, which
/ will no evil, Thou art fear for
is the shadow of death.
with me. I will fear no evil, for Thou dwellest in my heart by faith : and Thou art now with me, that after the shadow of death I too may be with Thee. Thy rod and Thy staff, they have comforted me. Thy discipline, like a rod for a flock of sheep, and like a staff for children of some size, and growing out of the natural into spiritual life, they have not been grievous to me ; rather have they comforted me : because Thou art mindful of me.
5. Ver. 5. Thou hast prepared a table in my sight, against them that trouble me. Now after the rod, whereby, whilst a little one, and living the natural life, 1 was brought up among the flock in the pastures ; after that rod, I say, when I began to be under the staff, Thou hast prepared a table in my sight, that I should no more be fed as a babe with milk, but being older should take meat, strengthened against them that trouble me. Thou hast fattened my head with oil. Thou hast gladdened my mind with spiritual joy. And Thy in ebriating cup, how excellent is it ! And Thy cup yielding forgetfulness of former vain delights, how excellent is it !
6. Ver. 6. And Thy mercy shall follow me all the days of my life: that is, as long Ias I live in this mortal life, not
1 Cor. 3, "
of the shadow
may dwell in the house the of
Thine, but mine. That
Lord for length of days. Now Thy mercy shall follow me not here only, but also that I may dwell in the house of the Lord for ever.
PSALM XXIV.
A Psalm of David himself, on the first day of the week.
Lat. win.
1. A Psalm of David himself, touching the glorifying and resurrection of the Lord, which took place early in the morning on the first day of the week, which is now called
the Lord's Day.
Psalm TT YT V
2. Ver. 1. The earth is the Lord's, and the fulness thereof, ?
168 Who are they whom Christ shall bring to glory.
? the compass of the world, and all they that dwell therein : when the Lord, being glorified, is announced for the believing of all nations; and the whole compass of the world becomes His Church. (Ver. 2. ) He hath founded it above the seas. He hath most firmly established it above all the waves of this world, that they should be subdued by and should not hurt it. And hath prepared above the rivers. The rivers flow into the sea, and men of lust lapse into the world these also the Church, which, when worldly lusts have been con quered by the grace of God, hath been prepared by love for the reception of immortality, subdues.
3. Ver. 3. Who shall ascend into the mount the Lord Who shall ascend to the height of the righteousness of the Lord Or who shall stand in His holy place Orwho
'al. 'hath shall abide in that place, whither He shall ascend founded e(i, n " above the seas, and prepared above the rivers
Rom. 12,
4. Ver. 4. The innocent of hand, and the pure in heart. Who then shall ascend thither, and abide there, but the guiltless in deed, and pure in thought Who hath not received his soul in vain. Who hath not reckoned his soul among things that pass away, but feeling to be immortal, hath longed for an eternity stedfast and unchangeable. And hath not sworn in deceit to his neighbour. And therefore without deceit, as things eternal are simple and undeceiving, hath so behaved himself to his neighbour.
5. Ver. 5. Tliis man shall receive blessing from the Lord, and mercy from the God of his salvation.
6. Ver. 6. This is the generation of them that seek the Lord. For thus are they born that seek Him. Of them that seek the face of the God of Jacob. Diapsalma. Now they seek the face of God, Who gave the preeminence to the younger born.
7. Ver. 7. Take away your gates, ye princes. All ye, that seek rule among men, remove, that they hinder not, the entrances which ye have made, of desire and fear. And be ye lift up, ye everlasting gates. And be ye lift up, ye entrances of eternal life, of renunciation of the world, and conversion to God. And the King of glory shall come in. And the King, in Whom we may glory without pride, shall
9,
it ?
it,
?
', ?
of
:
?
f
it
Christ the King of Glory. His triumph over Satan. 169
come in : Who having overcome the gates of death, and Ver. having opened for Himself the heavenlyIplaces, fulfilled that _
which He said, Be of good cheer, for world.
8. Ver. 8. Who is this King of glory ? Mortal nature is awe-struck in wonder, and asks, Who is this King of glory ?
The Lord strong and mighty. He, Whom thou didst deem weak and overwhelmed. The Lord mighty in battle. Handle the scars, and thou wilt find them made whole, and human weakness restored to immortality. The glorifying of the Lord, which was owing to earth, where It warred with death, hath been paid.
9. Ver. 9. Take away your gates, ye princes. Let us go
hence straightway into heaven. Again, let the Prophet's trumpet cry aloud, " Take away too, ye princes of the air,
the gates, which ye have in the minds of men who worship 2 Kings
'
10. Ver. 10. Who is this King ofglory? What! dost thou
too, prince of the power of this air, marvel and ask, Who is Eph. 2,2. this King ofglory? The Lord ofpowers, He is the King of
glory. Yea, His Body now quickened, He Who was tempted marches above thee ; He Who was tempted by the angel,
the deceiver, goes above all angels. Let none of yon put himself before us and stop our way, that he may be wor shipped as a god by us: neither principality, nor angel, Rom. 8, nor power, separateth us from the love of Christ. It is good
the host of heaven.
" And be ye lift up, ye everlasting gates. And be ye lift up, ye doors of everlasting righteousness, of love, and chastity, through which the soul loveth the One True God, and goeth not a whoring with the many, that are called gods. And the King of glory shall come in. And the King of glory shall come in, that He may at the right hand of the Father intercede for us.
'
118 to trust in the Lord, rather than to trust in prince that he9.
? who glorieth, should glory in the Lord. These indeed are 31. powers in the administration of this world, but the Lord of
powers, He is the King of glory.
have overcome the Johnie,
' '
a
;
Ps'
Lat. XXIV.
170 All trust vain but that in God's mercy.
PSALM XXV.
To the end, a Psalm ofDavid himseij.
1 . Christ speaks, but in the person of the Church : for what is said has reference rather to the Christian People turned unto God. I up my soul:
2. Ver. 1. Unto Thee, O Lord, have lift
with spiritual longing have I lift up the soul, that was trodden down on the earth wIith carnal longings. (Ver. 2. )
0 my God, in Thee I trust, shall not be ashamed. O my God, from trusting in myself I was brought even to this weakness of the flesh; and I who on abandoning God wished to be as God, fearing death from the smallest insect, was in derision Iashamed for my pride; now, therefore, in Thee
shall not be ashamed.
3. And let not my enemies mock me. And let them not
mock me, who by ensnaring me with " serpent-like and secret suggestions, and prompting me with, Well done, well done," have brought me down to this. (Ver. 3. ) For all that wait upon Thee shall not be confounded.
4. Let them be confounded who do vain things unrighte
ously. Let them be confounded who act unrighteously for
the acquiring things that pass away. (Ver. 4. ) Make Thy Mat. 7, ways, O Lord, known to me, and teach me Thy paths : not
those which are broad, and lead the many to destruction; but Thy paths, narrow, and known to few, teach Thou me.
1 trust,
5. Ver. 5. In Thy truth guide me: avoiding error. And teach me : for by myself I know nothing, but falsehood. For Thou art the God of my salvation ; and for Thee have
Lukei5, /waited all the day. For dismissed by Thee from Paradise, and having taken my journey into a far country, I cannot by myself return, unless Thou meetest the wanderer : for my return hath throughout the whole tract of this world's time waited for Thy mercy.
6. Ver. 6. Remember Thy compassions, O Lord. Re member the works of Thy mercy, O Lord ; for men deem of Thee as though Thou hadst forgotten. And that Thy mercies are from eternity. And remember this, that Thy mercies
God's mercy and judgment. His ways in Christ. 171
Ver,
are from eternity. For Thou never wast without them,
Who hast subjected even sinful man to vanity indeed, but in i~10' hope; and hast not deprived him of so many and great 20. consolations of Thy creation.
7. Ver. 7. Remember not the offences of my youth, and of my ignorance. The offences of my presumptuous boldness and of my ignorance reserve not for vengeance, but let them be as if forgotten by Thee. According to Thy mercy, be mindful ofme, O God. Be mindful indeed of me, not according to the anger of which I am worthy, but according to Thy mercy which is worthy of Thee. For Thy goodness, O Lord. Not for my deservings, but for Thy goodness, O Lord.
8. Ver. 8. Gracious and upright is the Lord. The Lord is gracious, since even sinners and the ungodly He so pitied, as to forgive all that is past ; but the Lord is upright too, Who after the mercy of vocation and pardon, which is of grace without merit, will require merits meet for the last judgment. Wherefore He will establish a law for them thatfail in the way. For He hath first bestowed mercy to bring them into the way.
9. Ver. 9. He will guide the meek in judgment. He will
guide the meek, and will not confound in the judgment those,
that follow His will, and do not, in withstanding It, prefer
their own. The gentle He will teach His ways. He will teach His ways, not to those that desire to run before, as if
they were better able to rule themselves ; but to those who
do not exalt the neck, nor lift the heel, when the easy yokeMat. 11,
30,
and the light burden is laid upon them.
10. Ver. 10. All the ways of the Lord are mercy and
truth. And what ways will He teach them, but mercy wherein He is placable, and truth wherein He is incorrupt ?
Whereof He hath exhibited the one in forgiving sins, the other in judging deserts. And therefore ' all the ways of the Lord' are the two advents of the Son of God, the one in mercy, the other in judgment. He then attaineth unto Him holding on His ways, who seeing himself freed by no deserts of his own, lays pride aside, and henceforward bewares of the severity of His trial, having experienced the clemency
of His help. testimonies.
To them that seek His testament and His For they understand the Lord as merciful at
172 Pardon of manifold sin. Wholesome fear. Safety in God.
Psalm His first advent, and as the Judge at His second, who in meek- XXVl ness and gentleness seek His testament, when with His Own Blood He redeemed us to a new life; and in the
Prophets and Evangelists, His testimonies.
11. Ver. 11. For Thy Name's sake, O Lord, Thou wilt
be favourable to my sin ; for it is manifold. Thou hast not only forgiven my sins, which 1 committed before I believed ; but also to my sin, which is manifold, since even in the way there is no lack of stumbling, Thou wilt be made favourable by the sacrifice of a troubled spirit.
12. Ver. 12. Who is the man, that feareth the Lord? from which fear he begins to come to wisdom. He shall establish a law for him in the way, which he hath chosen. He shall establish a law for him in the way, which in his free dom he has taken, that he may not sin now with impunity.
13. Ver. 13. 1 lis soul shall dwell in good, and his seed shall, by inheritance, possess the earth. And his work shall possess the stable inheritance of a renewed body.
14. Ver. 14. The Lord is the stay of them that fear Him. Fear seems to belong to the weak, but the Lord is the stay of them that fear Him. And the Name of the Lord, which hath been glorified throughout the whole world, is a stay to them that fear Him. And His testament, that it may be manifested unto them. And He maketh His testament to be manifested unto them, for the Gentiles and the bounds of the earth are-Christ's inheritance. .
15. Ver. 15. Mine eyes are ever unto the Lord; for He shall pluck my feet out of the snare. Nor would I fear the dangers of earth, while I look not upon the earth : for He, upon Whom I look, will pluck my feet out of the snare.
16I. Ver. 16. Look upon me, and have mercy upon me ;
am single and For I a
for poor. am single people,
keeping the lowliness of Thy single Church, which no schisms or heresies possess.
17. Ver. 17. The tribulations of my heart have been
multiplied. The tribulations of my heart have been multi-
Mat. 34, plied by the abounding of iniquity and the waxing cold of love.
12,
O bring Thou me out of my necessities. Since I must needs bear this, that by enduring unto the end I may be saved, bring Thou me out of my necessities.
The Church prays to be freed from enemies, and mixture of evil. 173
18. Ver. 18. See my humility and my travail. See iny Vek. humility, whereby I never, in the boast of righteousness, ~ break off from unity ; and my travail, wherein 1 bear with
the unruly ones that are mingled with me. And forgive all
my sins. And, propitiated by these sacrifices, forgive all my sins, not those only of youth and my ignorance before
1 believed, but those also which, living now
I commit through infirmity, or the darkness of this life.
19. Ver. 19. Consider mine enemies, how they are multi plied. For not only without, but even within, in the Church's very communion, they are not wanting. And with an unrighteous hate they hate me. And they hate me who love them.
they
have put my trust in Thee.
me not be confounded, for
Let me not be confounded, if haply they rise up against me : for not in myself, but in Thee have I put my trust.
same innocence and uprightness cleave to me : for
not fallen away to imitate the evil ; but I have waited for Thee, expecting the winnowing of Thy last harvest.
by faith,
20. Ver. 20. Keep my soul, and deliver me.
soul, that I turn not aside to imitate them ; and draw me out from the confusion wherein I are mingled with me. Let
21. Ver. I21. The innocent and the upright have cleaved
have waited Thee, O Lord. The innocent to me, for for
and the upright, not in bodily presence only, as the evil, are mingled with me, but in the agreement of the heart in the
22. Ver. 22. Redeem Israel, O God, out of all his troubles. Redeem Thy people, O God, whom Thou hast prepared to see Thee, out of his troubles, not those only which he bears without, but those also which he bears within.
PSALM XXVI. Lat. XXV.
FIRST EXPOSITION.
Of David himself .
1 . It may be attributed to David himself, not the Mediator,
the Man Christ Jesus, but the whole Church now perfectly established in Christ.
Keep my
I have
pracro- gas"'
Thou first shewedst me, I have some desert of my innocence, the way whereof 1 have kept. And trusting in the Lord Ishall not be moved. And yet not even so trusting in my self, but in the Lord, I shall abide in Him.
3. Ver. 2. Prove me, O Lord, and try me. Lest, however, any of my secret sins should be hid from me, prove me, 0 Lord, and try me, making me known, not to Thee from Whom nothing is hid, but to myself, and to men. Burn my reins and my heart. Apply a remedial purgation, as it were fire, to my pleasures and thoughts. (Ver. 3. ) For Thy mercy is before mine eyes. For, that I be not consumed by that fire, not my merits, but Thy mercy, whereby Thou hast brought me on to such a life, is before my eyes. And 1 have been pleasing in Thy truth. And since my own falsehood hath been displeasing to me, but Thy truth pleasing, I have myself been pleasing also with it and in it.
174 Cleansing desired, wickedness renounced, to be with God.
I
'innocence. Judge me, O Lord, for, after the mercy which
2. Ver. 1. Judge me, O Lord, for
have walked in my
/
have not sat with the council
vanity.
4. Ver. 4.
it for thyself. I labour for the name of Christ, thou for the
name of Donatus. For if thou look to Christ, Christ is every
where. Thou sayest, Lo, here is Christ: I say, He is through- Mat. 24,
out the world. Praise the Lord, ye servants; praise
Name of the Lord. Wherefrom do they praise ? Where- 1. 3. unto do they praise ? From the rising of the sun unto the
going down thereof, praise ye the Name of the Lord. See the Church which I shew to you, see what Christ hath bought, see what He hath redeemed, see for what He hath given His blood. But what sayest thou ? "
I gather for
Him too. " He that gathereth not with Me, Christ saith, Mat. 12
theP^n3
scattereth. Thou dividest unity, thou seekest thine own30.
And why have they Christ's Name ? Because for the defence of thine own possession thou hast affixed Christ's titles. Do not some do the same with their own houses ? Lest some powerful person should attack his house, he affixes thereon the title of some powerful one, a false title. He would be himself the owner, and would have the front of his house protected by another man's title: that on reading the title one may be scared at the power of the name, and abstain from attacking the house. This they did when they condemned the Maximianists0. They pleaded before judges, and adduced their own council; as it were, shewing their titles, that they might appear to be Bishops. Then the
possessions.
judged asked, " Who is the other Bishop here, of the party of Donatus ? " The official answered, " We know none but Aurelius the Catholic. " In fear of the laws they made answer of one Bishop only. But they, that they might gain the ear of the judge, affixed Christ's Name : on their own
possession they affixed His title. Gracious is the Lord to spare them, and claim that for His own possession, where soever He findeth His title. Powerful is His mercy, Who doeth that for them, Who gathereth together, whomsoever
c ' Propter possessions osculentur
nobis caput et manus et pereant filii
alieni. ' Perhaps, ' so far as possession
is concerned, let our people kiss one of whom is given by St. Augustine, in another, head and hands, and let there Serm. II. on Ps. 37, (Lat. 36. ) ? . 20. be an end of aliens. ' But the meaning See also Labbe, Cone. II. 1089. 1153.
is ohscure,
d The Maximianists were a party
among the Donatists, a fuller account
166 Christ claims to take the house that claims to be His.
Psalm He findeth bearing the name of Christ. And consider, '. Brethren, when any powerful one findeth his title, doth he not justly claim it for his own and say, " He would not
sacra- menta
affix my title, unless it were my property ? He hath affixed my title, it is my property: that, whereon I find my name, is mine. " Does he change the title ? The title is the very same as before : the owner is changed, the title is not changed. So also with those that have the baptism of Christ, if they return to unity, we do not change or destroy their title ; but we acknowledge the title of our King, the title of our Captain. But what do we say? O wretched house, may He own thee, Whose title thou bearest: thou bearest Christ's title ; be not the possession of Donatus.
32. We have spoken at great length, Brethren; but let not that, which is read to-day, depart from your recollec tion. Lo, I repeat it, and often must it be repeated: by this very day, that is, by the mysteries of this day, I adjure you that it go not out of your hearts, All the borders of the earth shall remember themselves, and be turned to the Lord. And all the kindreds of the nations shall worship in His sight. For the kingdom is the Lord's, and He shall rule over the nations. Against so clear and so manifestly proven a possession of Christ, listen not to the words of the wrangler. Whatever they say to gainsay they are men that say
but this God saith.
PSALM XXIII. A Psalm of David himself.
The Church speaks to Christ: (ver. I. ) The Lord feedeth me, and shall lack nothing. The Lord Jesus
Lat. XXII.
Christ my Shepherd, and shall lack nothing.
2. Ver. 2. In a place of pasture there hath He placed me. 1pascua>In place of fresh pasture, leading me to faith there hath
enta. "
He placed me to be nourished. By the water of refreshing hath He brought me up. By the water of baptism, whereby they are refreshed who have lost health and strength, hath He brought me up.
3. Ver. 3. He hath converted my soul He hath led me forth in the paths of righteousness, for His Name's sake.
:
a 1. is
',
I I
it,
it ;
Christ our Shepherd, Guide, and support through death. 167
He hath brought me forth in the narrow ways, wherein few Ver.
walk, of His righteousness ; not for uiy merit's sake, but for
His Name's sake. I 4. Ver. 4. Yea, though
--
walk in the midst
of death. Yea, though I walk in the midst of this life, which
/ will no evil, Thou art fear for
is the shadow of death.
with me. I will fear no evil, for Thou dwellest in my heart by faith : and Thou art now with me, that after the shadow of death I too may be with Thee. Thy rod and Thy staff, they have comforted me. Thy discipline, like a rod for a flock of sheep, and like a staff for children of some size, and growing out of the natural into spiritual life, they have not been grievous to me ; rather have they comforted me : because Thou art mindful of me.
5. Ver. 5. Thou hast prepared a table in my sight, against them that trouble me. Now after the rod, whereby, whilst a little one, and living the natural life, 1 was brought up among the flock in the pastures ; after that rod, I say, when I began to be under the staff, Thou hast prepared a table in my sight, that I should no more be fed as a babe with milk, but being older should take meat, strengthened against them that trouble me. Thou hast fattened my head with oil. Thou hast gladdened my mind with spiritual joy. And Thy in ebriating cup, how excellent is it ! And Thy cup yielding forgetfulness of former vain delights, how excellent is it !
6. Ver. 6. And Thy mercy shall follow me all the days of my life: that is, as long Ias I live in this mortal life, not
1 Cor. 3, "
of the shadow
may dwell in the house the of
Thine, but mine. That
Lord for length of days. Now Thy mercy shall follow me not here only, but also that I may dwell in the house of the Lord for ever.
PSALM XXIV.
A Psalm of David himself, on the first day of the week.
Lat. win.
1. A Psalm of David himself, touching the glorifying and resurrection of the Lord, which took place early in the morning on the first day of the week, which is now called
the Lord's Day.
Psalm TT YT V
2. Ver. 1. The earth is the Lord's, and the fulness thereof, ?
168 Who are they whom Christ shall bring to glory.
? the compass of the world, and all they that dwell therein : when the Lord, being glorified, is announced for the believing of all nations; and the whole compass of the world becomes His Church. (Ver. 2. ) He hath founded it above the seas. He hath most firmly established it above all the waves of this world, that they should be subdued by and should not hurt it. And hath prepared above the rivers. The rivers flow into the sea, and men of lust lapse into the world these also the Church, which, when worldly lusts have been con quered by the grace of God, hath been prepared by love for the reception of immortality, subdues.
3. Ver. 3. Who shall ascend into the mount the Lord Who shall ascend to the height of the righteousness of the Lord Or who shall stand in His holy place Orwho
'al. 'hath shall abide in that place, whither He shall ascend founded e(i, n " above the seas, and prepared above the rivers
Rom. 12,
4. Ver. 4. The innocent of hand, and the pure in heart. Who then shall ascend thither, and abide there, but the guiltless in deed, and pure in thought Who hath not received his soul in vain. Who hath not reckoned his soul among things that pass away, but feeling to be immortal, hath longed for an eternity stedfast and unchangeable. And hath not sworn in deceit to his neighbour. And therefore without deceit, as things eternal are simple and undeceiving, hath so behaved himself to his neighbour.
5. Ver. 5. Tliis man shall receive blessing from the Lord, and mercy from the God of his salvation.
6. Ver. 6. This is the generation of them that seek the Lord. For thus are they born that seek Him. Of them that seek the face of the God of Jacob. Diapsalma. Now they seek the face of God, Who gave the preeminence to the younger born.
7. Ver. 7. Take away your gates, ye princes. All ye, that seek rule among men, remove, that they hinder not, the entrances which ye have made, of desire and fear. And be ye lift up, ye everlasting gates. And be ye lift up, ye entrances of eternal life, of renunciation of the world, and conversion to God. And the King of glory shall come in. And the King, in Whom we may glory without pride, shall
9,
it ?
it,
?
', ?
of
:
?
f
it
Christ the King of Glory. His triumph over Satan. 169
come in : Who having overcome the gates of death, and Ver. having opened for Himself the heavenlyIplaces, fulfilled that _
which He said, Be of good cheer, for world.
8. Ver. 8. Who is this King of glory ? Mortal nature is awe-struck in wonder, and asks, Who is this King of glory ?
The Lord strong and mighty. He, Whom thou didst deem weak and overwhelmed. The Lord mighty in battle. Handle the scars, and thou wilt find them made whole, and human weakness restored to immortality. The glorifying of the Lord, which was owing to earth, where It warred with death, hath been paid.
9. Ver. 9. Take away your gates, ye princes. Let us go
hence straightway into heaven. Again, let the Prophet's trumpet cry aloud, " Take away too, ye princes of the air,
the gates, which ye have in the minds of men who worship 2 Kings
'
10. Ver. 10. Who is this King ofglory? What! dost thou
too, prince of the power of this air, marvel and ask, Who is Eph. 2,2. this King ofglory? The Lord ofpowers, He is the King of
glory. Yea, His Body now quickened, He Who was tempted marches above thee ; He Who was tempted by the angel,
the deceiver, goes above all angels. Let none of yon put himself before us and stop our way, that he may be wor shipped as a god by us: neither principality, nor angel, Rom. 8, nor power, separateth us from the love of Christ. It is good
the host of heaven.
" And be ye lift up, ye everlasting gates. And be ye lift up, ye doors of everlasting righteousness, of love, and chastity, through which the soul loveth the One True God, and goeth not a whoring with the many, that are called gods. And the King of glory shall come in. And the King of glory shall come in, that He may at the right hand of the Father intercede for us.
'
118 to trust in the Lord, rather than to trust in prince that he9.
? who glorieth, should glory in the Lord. These indeed are 31. powers in the administration of this world, but the Lord of
powers, He is the King of glory.
have overcome the Johnie,
' '
a
;
Ps'
Lat. XXIV.
170 All trust vain but that in God's mercy.
PSALM XXV.
To the end, a Psalm ofDavid himseij.
1 . Christ speaks, but in the person of the Church : for what is said has reference rather to the Christian People turned unto God. I up my soul:
2. Ver. 1. Unto Thee, O Lord, have lift
with spiritual longing have I lift up the soul, that was trodden down on the earth wIith carnal longings. (Ver. 2. )
0 my God, in Thee I trust, shall not be ashamed. O my God, from trusting in myself I was brought even to this weakness of the flesh; and I who on abandoning God wished to be as God, fearing death from the smallest insect, was in derision Iashamed for my pride; now, therefore, in Thee
shall not be ashamed.
3. And let not my enemies mock me. And let them not
mock me, who by ensnaring me with " serpent-like and secret suggestions, and prompting me with, Well done, well done," have brought me down to this. (Ver. 3. ) For all that wait upon Thee shall not be confounded.
4. Let them be confounded who do vain things unrighte
ously. Let them be confounded who act unrighteously for
the acquiring things that pass away. (Ver. 4. ) Make Thy Mat. 7, ways, O Lord, known to me, and teach me Thy paths : not
those which are broad, and lead the many to destruction; but Thy paths, narrow, and known to few, teach Thou me.
1 trust,
5. Ver. 5. In Thy truth guide me: avoiding error. And teach me : for by myself I know nothing, but falsehood. For Thou art the God of my salvation ; and for Thee have
Lukei5, /waited all the day. For dismissed by Thee from Paradise, and having taken my journey into a far country, I cannot by myself return, unless Thou meetest the wanderer : for my return hath throughout the whole tract of this world's time waited for Thy mercy.
6. Ver. 6. Remember Thy compassions, O Lord. Re member the works of Thy mercy, O Lord ; for men deem of Thee as though Thou hadst forgotten. And that Thy mercies are from eternity. And remember this, that Thy mercies
God's mercy and judgment. His ways in Christ. 171
Ver,
are from eternity. For Thou never wast without them,
Who hast subjected even sinful man to vanity indeed, but in i~10' hope; and hast not deprived him of so many and great 20. consolations of Thy creation.
7. Ver. 7. Remember not the offences of my youth, and of my ignorance. The offences of my presumptuous boldness and of my ignorance reserve not for vengeance, but let them be as if forgotten by Thee. According to Thy mercy, be mindful ofme, O God. Be mindful indeed of me, not according to the anger of which I am worthy, but according to Thy mercy which is worthy of Thee. For Thy goodness, O Lord. Not for my deservings, but for Thy goodness, O Lord.
8. Ver. 8. Gracious and upright is the Lord. The Lord is gracious, since even sinners and the ungodly He so pitied, as to forgive all that is past ; but the Lord is upright too, Who after the mercy of vocation and pardon, which is of grace without merit, will require merits meet for the last judgment. Wherefore He will establish a law for them thatfail in the way. For He hath first bestowed mercy to bring them into the way.
9. Ver. 9. He will guide the meek in judgment. He will
guide the meek, and will not confound in the judgment those,
that follow His will, and do not, in withstanding It, prefer
their own. The gentle He will teach His ways. He will teach His ways, not to those that desire to run before, as if
they were better able to rule themselves ; but to those who
do not exalt the neck, nor lift the heel, when the easy yokeMat. 11,
30,
and the light burden is laid upon them.
10. Ver. 10. All the ways of the Lord are mercy and
truth. And what ways will He teach them, but mercy wherein He is placable, and truth wherein He is incorrupt ?
Whereof He hath exhibited the one in forgiving sins, the other in judging deserts. And therefore ' all the ways of the Lord' are the two advents of the Son of God, the one in mercy, the other in judgment. He then attaineth unto Him holding on His ways, who seeing himself freed by no deserts of his own, lays pride aside, and henceforward bewares of the severity of His trial, having experienced the clemency
of His help. testimonies.
To them that seek His testament and His For they understand the Lord as merciful at
172 Pardon of manifold sin. Wholesome fear. Safety in God.
Psalm His first advent, and as the Judge at His second, who in meek- XXVl ness and gentleness seek His testament, when with His Own Blood He redeemed us to a new life; and in the
Prophets and Evangelists, His testimonies.
11. Ver. 11. For Thy Name's sake, O Lord, Thou wilt
be favourable to my sin ; for it is manifold. Thou hast not only forgiven my sins, which 1 committed before I believed ; but also to my sin, which is manifold, since even in the way there is no lack of stumbling, Thou wilt be made favourable by the sacrifice of a troubled spirit.
12. Ver. 12. Who is the man, that feareth the Lord? from which fear he begins to come to wisdom. He shall establish a law for him in the way, which he hath chosen. He shall establish a law for him in the way, which in his free dom he has taken, that he may not sin now with impunity.
13. Ver. 13. 1 lis soul shall dwell in good, and his seed shall, by inheritance, possess the earth. And his work shall possess the stable inheritance of a renewed body.
14. Ver. 14. The Lord is the stay of them that fear Him. Fear seems to belong to the weak, but the Lord is the stay of them that fear Him. And the Name of the Lord, which hath been glorified throughout the whole world, is a stay to them that fear Him. And His testament, that it may be manifested unto them. And He maketh His testament to be manifested unto them, for the Gentiles and the bounds of the earth are-Christ's inheritance. .
15. Ver. 15. Mine eyes are ever unto the Lord; for He shall pluck my feet out of the snare. Nor would I fear the dangers of earth, while I look not upon the earth : for He, upon Whom I look, will pluck my feet out of the snare.
16I. Ver. 16. Look upon me, and have mercy upon me ;
am single and For I a
for poor. am single people,
keeping the lowliness of Thy single Church, which no schisms or heresies possess.
17. Ver. 17. The tribulations of my heart have been
multiplied. The tribulations of my heart have been multi-
Mat. 34, plied by the abounding of iniquity and the waxing cold of love.
12,
O bring Thou me out of my necessities. Since I must needs bear this, that by enduring unto the end I may be saved, bring Thou me out of my necessities.
The Church prays to be freed from enemies, and mixture of evil. 173
18. Ver. 18. See my humility and my travail. See iny Vek. humility, whereby I never, in the boast of righteousness, ~ break off from unity ; and my travail, wherein 1 bear with
the unruly ones that are mingled with me. And forgive all
my sins. And, propitiated by these sacrifices, forgive all my sins, not those only of youth and my ignorance before
1 believed, but those also which, living now
I commit through infirmity, or the darkness of this life.
19. Ver. 19. Consider mine enemies, how they are multi plied. For not only without, but even within, in the Church's very communion, they are not wanting. And with an unrighteous hate they hate me. And they hate me who love them.
they
have put my trust in Thee.
me not be confounded, for
Let me not be confounded, if haply they rise up against me : for not in myself, but in Thee have I put my trust.
same innocence and uprightness cleave to me : for
not fallen away to imitate the evil ; but I have waited for Thee, expecting the winnowing of Thy last harvest.
by faith,
20. Ver. 20. Keep my soul, and deliver me.
soul, that I turn not aside to imitate them ; and draw me out from the confusion wherein I are mingled with me. Let
21. Ver. I21. The innocent and the upright have cleaved
have waited Thee, O Lord. The innocent to me, for for
and the upright, not in bodily presence only, as the evil, are mingled with me, but in the agreement of the heart in the
22. Ver. 22. Redeem Israel, O God, out of all his troubles. Redeem Thy people, O God, whom Thou hast prepared to see Thee, out of his troubles, not those only which he bears without, but those also which he bears within.
PSALM XXVI. Lat. XXV.
FIRST EXPOSITION.
Of David himself .
1 . It may be attributed to David himself, not the Mediator,
the Man Christ Jesus, but the whole Church now perfectly established in Christ.
Keep my
I have
pracro- gas"'
Thou first shewedst me, I have some desert of my innocence, the way whereof 1 have kept. And trusting in the Lord Ishall not be moved. And yet not even so trusting in my self, but in the Lord, I shall abide in Him.
3. Ver. 2. Prove me, O Lord, and try me. Lest, however, any of my secret sins should be hid from me, prove me, 0 Lord, and try me, making me known, not to Thee from Whom nothing is hid, but to myself, and to men. Burn my reins and my heart. Apply a remedial purgation, as it were fire, to my pleasures and thoughts. (Ver. 3. ) For Thy mercy is before mine eyes. For, that I be not consumed by that fire, not my merits, but Thy mercy, whereby Thou hast brought me on to such a life, is before my eyes. And 1 have been pleasing in Thy truth. And since my own falsehood hath been displeasing to me, but Thy truth pleasing, I have myself been pleasing also with it and in it.
174 Cleansing desired, wickedness renounced, to be with God.
I
'innocence. Judge me, O Lord, for, after the mercy which
2. Ver. 1. Judge me, O Lord, for
have walked in my
/
have not sat with the council
vanity.
4. Ver. 4.
