specially
by the formation of a powerful fleet.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
Sergius Fidenas, but in conse he himself went to meet the Athenian reinforce-
quence of their private enmity the campaign was a ments. After the battle of Arginusae, by means
disastrous one. The Capenates and Falisci ad- of a stratagem, Eteonicus succeeded in drawing off
vanced to the relief of Veii. The two Roman the land forces to Methymna, while he directed
generals had each the command of a separate camp: the naval forces to make with all speed for Chios,
Sergius was attacked by the allies and a sally from where he found means of rejoining them not long
the town at the same time, and let himself be afterwards. In the course of his stay here, he,
overpowered by numbers, because he would not with considerable energy and promptitude, defeated
ask his colleague for assistance, and Virginius a plot formed by some of the troops under his
would not send it because it was not asked. In command to seize Chios. (Xen. Hell. i. 6. & 26,
consequence of their misconduct, they were forced 36, &c. , ii. 1. § 1, &c. ) It is probably this Éteo-
to resign their office before their year had expired. nicus whom we find mentioned in the Anabasis
In the following year they were brought to trial (vii. 1. 8 12) apparently serving as an officer under
and condemned by the people to pay a heavy fine. Anaxibius at Byzantium. (B. C. 400. ) Eleven
(Liv, v. 8, 9, 11, 12. )
years afterwards (389), he is mentioned as being
d pearfallate
las), published
8 Asticas of
uris, 1684. As
1 work in con
ained in it, it is
omplete. Ose
i is described as
, in duos libros
ita centum con-
rita tiraita, a
Precepts, pub
3 Codex Regalo
, ed. Augsburg
sion of twenty-
published by
de ascetic unit
enice, 1574, and
liotheca Patres.
n one or two
apophthegms of
ore than twenty
Library at Paris
ining of the first;
is said to contain
from those in the
m Ezechielis. A
· Escurial in Spring
ibliotheca Bildboken
Sermores e Drobeta-
“Esaias Abbas. '
probably those mer
## p. 54 (#70) ##############################################
64
EVAEMON.
EVAGORAS.
stationed as harmost in Aegina. (Xen. IIell. v. EVAE'NETUS (Evaivetos), the name of two
1. & 1. )
[C. P. M. ) commentators on the Phaenomena of Aratus, who
ETEOʻNUS ('Etewvós), a descendant of Bocotus are mentioned in the introductory commentary still
and father of Eleon, from whom the Bocotian town extant (p. 117, ed. Victor. ), but conceming whom
of Eteonos derived its name. (Eustath. ad Ilom. p. nothing is known.
(L. S. )
265. )
(L. S. ) EVAENETUS, of Syracuse and Catana, was
ETLEVA. (GENTIUS. )
one of the chief makers of the Sicilian coins. (Mül-
ETRUSCILLA, HERE'NNIA, wife of the ler, Archäol. d. K'unst, p. 428. ) [P. S. )
emperor Decius. The name not being mentioned EVAGES (Evdyas), of Hydrea, was, according
in history, it was a matter of dispute to what to Dionysius (ap. Steph. Byz. το. Υδρεία), an
princess the coins bearing the legend Ilerennia illiterate and quite uneducated shepherd, but yet
Etruscilla Augusta were to be assigned, until a a good comic poet. Meineke thinks this statement
stone was found at Carscoli with the inscription insufficient to give him a place among the Greek
Herenniae. CUPRESSENIAE. ETRUSCILLAE. A 1o. comedians. (Ilist
. Crit. Com. Graec. p. 528. ) (P. S. )
CONIUGI. D. N. DECI. AUG. MATRI. Augg. NN. EVA'GORAS (Evayópas), the name of two
ET. CastroR. S. P. Q. , from which, taken in com- mythical personages. (Apollod. i. 9. § 9, iii. 12.
bination with medals, it appears that her designa- $ 5; Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 156. ) [L. S. ]
tion in full was Annia Cupresse nia llercnnia Etrus- EVA GORAS (Evaybpas). 1. King of Salamis
cilla. (Muratori, p. 1036, 4 ; Mnffei, Mus. l'cron. in Cyprus. He was sprung from a family which
p. 102; Eckhel, vol. vii. p. 347. ) (W. R. ] claimed descent from Teucer, the reputed founder
ETRUSCUS, HERE'NNIUS, son of the em- of Salamis; and his ancestors appear to have been
peror Decius, upon whose accession in A. D. 249 he during a long period the hereditary rulers of that
received the appellations of Cacsar and Princeps city under the supremacy of Persia. They had,
Juventutis. In 251 he was consnl, was admitted however, been expelled (at what period we are not
to a participation in the title of Augustus, and to- told) by a Phoenician exile, who obtained the so-
wards the close of the year was slnin along with vereignty for himself, and transmitted it to his
his father in a bloody battle fought against the descendants: one of these held it at the time of
Goths in Thrace. [Decius. ] We gather from the birth of Evagoras, the date of which there is no
coins that his designation at full length was Q. means of fixing with any degree of accuracy; but
Ilerennius Etruscus Messius Trajanus Decius, the he appears to have been grown up, though still a
names llerennius Etruscus being derived from his young man, when one Abdymon, a native of Cit-
mother Herennia Etruscilla, while the rest were tium, conspired against the tyrant, put him to
inherited froin his sire. (Aurel. Vict. de Caes. xxix. death, and established himself in his place. After
Epit. xxix. ; Zonar. xii. 20. ) (W. R. ] this the usurper sought to apprehend Evagoras,
ETRUSCUS ('Etpovo kós), of MESSENE, the probably from jealousy of his hereditary claim to
author of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology. the government, but the latter made his escape to
(Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 307; Jacobs, vol. iii. p. 20. ) Cilicia, and, having there assembled a small band
Nothing more is known of him. Martial (vi. 83, of followers, returned secretly to Salamis, attacked
vii. 39) mentions an Etruscus who was banished the tyrant in his palace, overpowered his guards,
by Domitian. (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. xiii. p. and put him to death. (Isocr. Erag. pp. 191–195;
892. )
[P. S. ] Diod. xiv. 98; Theopomp. ap. Phot. p. 120, a ;
ETUTA. [Gestius. ]
Paus. ii. 29. $ 4. ) After this Evagoras established
ETYMOCLES ('Et vuokaņs) was one of the his authority at Salamis without farther opposition.
three Spartan envoys who, happening to be at If we may trust his panegyrist, Isocrates, his rule
Athens at the time of the incursion of Sphodrias was distinguished for its mildness and equity, and
into Attica (B. C. 378), were arrested by the Athe- he promoted the prosperity of his subjects in every
nians on suspicion of having been privy to the way, while he particularly sought to extend his
attempt Their assurances, however, to the con- relations with Greece, and to restore the influence
trary were believed, and they were allowed to de- of Hellenic customs and civilization, which had
part. Etymocles is mentioned by Xenophon and been in some degree obliterated during the period
Plutarch as a friend of Agesilaus, and we hear of of barbarian rule. (Isocr. Erag. pp. 197—198. )
him again as one of the ambassadors sent to nego- He at the same time greatly increased the power of
tiate an alliance with Athens in B. C. 369. (Xen. his subject city, and strengthened his own resources,
Hell
. v. 4. SS 22, 23, 32, vi. 5. $ 33; Plut. Ayes.
specially by the formation of a powerful fleet.
25. )
[E. E. ) Such was his position in B. C. 405, when, after the
ÉVADNE (Eváðun. ) 1. A daughter of Poseidon defeat at Aegospotami, the Athenian general Conon
and Pitane. Immediately after her birth, she was took refuge at Salamis with his few remaining gal-
carried to the Arcadian king Aepytus, who brought | lies. Evagoras had already received, in return for
She afterwards became by Apollo the mo- some services to Athens, the rights of an Athenian
ther of Jamus. (Pind. Ol. vi. 30; Hygin. Fab. 175. ) citizen, and was on terms of personal friendship
2. A daughter of Iphis, or Philax. (Eurip. Suppls with Conon (Isocr. Erag. p. 199, e. ; Diod. xii.
985; Apollod. ii. 7. 9 1; Hygin. Fab. 256. See 106): hence he zealously espoused the Athenian
CapangUs. ) There are three other mythical per- cause. It is said to have been at his intercession
sonages of the same name. (Apollod. ii. 1. $ 2; Ov. that the king of Persia determined to allow Conon
Amor, iii. 6. 41 ; Diod. iv. 53. ) [L. S. ] the support of the Phoenician fleet, and he com-
EVAECHME (Evalxun), the name of two my- manded in person the squadron with which he
thical personages. (Paus. iv. 2. $1; comp. Alca- joined the fleet of Conon and Pharnabazus at the
THOUS. )
[L. S. ] battle of Cnidus, B. C. 394. (Xen. Hell. ü. I.
EVAEMON (Evaluwr), the name of two my- $ 29; Isocr. Erag. pp. 199, 200, Paus. i. 3. $ 2;
thical personages. (Hom. Il. ii. 736 ; Apollod. iii. Ctesias, ap. Phot. p. 44, b. ) For this distinguished
8. § 1. )
(L. S. ] service a statue of Evagoras was set up by the
her up.
## p. 55 (#71) ##############################################
EVAGORAS.
bb
EVAGRIUS.
Athenians in the Cerameicus, by the side of that of this Evagoras. The latter had obtained from the
Conon. (Paus. i. 3. & 2; Isocr. Evag. p. 200, c. ) Persian king a promise of his father's government
We have very imperfect information concerning in case he could effect its conquest ; but the siege
the relation in which Evagoras stood to the king being protracted, Evagoras by some means incurred
of Persia in the early part of his reign ; but it the displeasure of Artaxerxes, who became recon-
Beems probable that he was regarded from the first ciled to Pnytagoras, and left him in the possession
with suspicion : the tyrants whom he had suc- of Salamis, while he appointed Evagoras to a
ceeded are particularly spoken of as friendly to government in the interior of Asia. Here, how-
Persia (Diod. xiv. 98), and we learn from Ctesias ever, he again gave dissatisfaction, and was accused
(ap. Phot. p. 44, b. ) that his quarrels with one of of maladministration, in consequence of which he
the other petty states of Cyprus had already called fled to Cyprus, where he was seized and put to
for the interference of the great king before the death. (Diod. xvi. 42, 46. ) The annexed coin
battle of Cnidus. The chronology of the succeed-belongs to this Evagoras,
ing events is also very obscure ; but the most con-
sistent view of the matter appears to be that
derived from Theopompus (ap. Phot. p. 120, a. ),
that Artaxerxes had previously determined to make
war upon Evagoras, and had even commenced his
preparations, but was unable to engage with vigour
in the enterprise until after the peace of Antalcidas
(B. C. 387). (See Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. p. 280 ; and
comp. Isocr. Panegyr. p. 70, a. ; Xen. Hell
. iv. 8. $ 3. Of Lacedaemon, remarkable for having gained
24, v. 1. $ 10. ) Meantime Evagoras had not only three victories in the chariot-race at the Olympic
extended his dominion over the greater part of games with the same horses, in consequence of
Cyprus, but had ravaged the coast of Phoenicia which he erected the statue of a quadriga at
with his fleet, prevailed on the Cilicians to revolt Olympia, and honoured his horses with a magni-
from Persia, and even (if we may believe Isocrates ficent funeral. (Herod. vi. 103; Aelian, ist.
and Diodorus) made himself master of Tyre itself. Anim. xii. 40; Paus. vi. 10. $ 8. )
(Diod. xiv. 98, 110, xv. 2; Isocrat. Evag. p. 201. ) 4. An Achaean of Aegium, accused by Critolaus
At length, however, a great fleet and army were of betraying the counsels of his countrymen to the
assembled under the command of Tiribazus and Romans, B. c. 146. (Polyb. xxxviii. 5. ) [E. H. B. ]
Orontes, and Evagoras having ventured to oppose EVA'GRIUS (Eudyplos). 1. Of Antioch,
them with very inferior forces was totally defeated; was a native of Antioch, the son of a citizen of that
all the rest of Cyprus fell into the hands of the place, named Pompeianus, and a presbyter appa-
satraps, and Evagoras himself was shut up within rently of the church of Antioch. He travelled
the walls of Salamis. But the Persian generals into the west of Europe, and was acquainted with
seem to have been unable to follow up their advan-Jerome, who describes him as a man "acris ac
tage, and notwithstanding this blow the war was ferventis ingenii. ” During the schism in the pa-
allowed to linger for some years. The dissensions triarchate of Antioch, he was chosen by one of the
between his two adversaries at length proved the parties (A. D. 388 or 389) successor to their deceased
safety of Evagoras : Tiribazus was recalled in con- patriarch Paulinus, in opposition to Flavianus, the
sequence of the intrigues of Orontes, and the latter patriarch of the other party. According to Theo-
hastened to conclude a peace with the Cyprian doret, the manner of his election and ordination
monarch, by which he was allowed to retain un- was altogether contrary to ecclesiastical rule. The
controlled possession of Salamis, with the title of historians Socrates and Sozomen state that Evagrius
king. (Diod. xv. 2—4, 8, 9; Theopomp. ap. survived his elevation only a short time; but this
Phot. p. 120, a. ; Isocr. Evag. p. 201, Panegyr. expression must not be too strictly interpreted, as
p. 70. ) This war, which is said to have lasted ten it appears from Jerome that he was living in a. D.
yeas in all, was brought to a close in B. C. 385. 392. He was perhaps the Evagrius who instructed
(Diod. xv. 9; Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. pp. 278-281. ) Chrysostom in monastic discipline, though it is
Evagoras survived it above ten years. He was to be observed that Chrysostom was ordained a
assassinated in 374, together with his eldest son presbyter by Flavianus, the rival of Evagrius in
Pnytagoras, by an eunuch named Thrasydaeus ; the see of Antioch. Evagrius had no successor in
but the murder was caused by revenge for a pri- his see, and ultimately Flavianus succeeded in
vate injury, and he seems to have been succeeded healing the division.
without opposition by his son Nicocles.
quence of their private enmity the campaign was a ments. After the battle of Arginusae, by means
disastrous one. The Capenates and Falisci ad- of a stratagem, Eteonicus succeeded in drawing off
vanced to the relief of Veii. The two Roman the land forces to Methymna, while he directed
generals had each the command of a separate camp: the naval forces to make with all speed for Chios,
Sergius was attacked by the allies and a sally from where he found means of rejoining them not long
the town at the same time, and let himself be afterwards. In the course of his stay here, he,
overpowered by numbers, because he would not with considerable energy and promptitude, defeated
ask his colleague for assistance, and Virginius a plot formed by some of the troops under his
would not send it because it was not asked. In command to seize Chios. (Xen. Hell. i. 6. & 26,
consequence of their misconduct, they were forced 36, &c. , ii. 1. § 1, &c. ) It is probably this Éteo-
to resign their office before their year had expired. nicus whom we find mentioned in the Anabasis
In the following year they were brought to trial (vii. 1. 8 12) apparently serving as an officer under
and condemned by the people to pay a heavy fine. Anaxibius at Byzantium. (B. C. 400. ) Eleven
(Liv, v. 8, 9, 11, 12. )
years afterwards (389), he is mentioned as being
d pearfallate
las), published
8 Asticas of
uris, 1684. As
1 work in con
ained in it, it is
omplete. Ose
i is described as
, in duos libros
ita centum con-
rita tiraita, a
Precepts, pub
3 Codex Regalo
, ed. Augsburg
sion of twenty-
published by
de ascetic unit
enice, 1574, and
liotheca Patres.
n one or two
apophthegms of
ore than twenty
Library at Paris
ining of the first;
is said to contain
from those in the
m Ezechielis. A
· Escurial in Spring
ibliotheca Bildboken
Sermores e Drobeta-
“Esaias Abbas. '
probably those mer
## p. 54 (#70) ##############################################
64
EVAEMON.
EVAGORAS.
stationed as harmost in Aegina. (Xen. IIell. v. EVAE'NETUS (Evaivetos), the name of two
1. & 1. )
[C. P. M. ) commentators on the Phaenomena of Aratus, who
ETEOʻNUS ('Etewvós), a descendant of Bocotus are mentioned in the introductory commentary still
and father of Eleon, from whom the Bocotian town extant (p. 117, ed. Victor. ), but conceming whom
of Eteonos derived its name. (Eustath. ad Ilom. p. nothing is known.
(L. S. )
265. )
(L. S. ) EVAENETUS, of Syracuse and Catana, was
ETLEVA. (GENTIUS. )
one of the chief makers of the Sicilian coins. (Mül-
ETRUSCILLA, HERE'NNIA, wife of the ler, Archäol. d. K'unst, p. 428. ) [P. S. )
emperor Decius. The name not being mentioned EVAGES (Evdyas), of Hydrea, was, according
in history, it was a matter of dispute to what to Dionysius (ap. Steph. Byz. το. Υδρεία), an
princess the coins bearing the legend Ilerennia illiterate and quite uneducated shepherd, but yet
Etruscilla Augusta were to be assigned, until a a good comic poet. Meineke thinks this statement
stone was found at Carscoli with the inscription insufficient to give him a place among the Greek
Herenniae. CUPRESSENIAE. ETRUSCILLAE. A 1o. comedians. (Ilist
. Crit. Com. Graec. p. 528. ) (P. S. )
CONIUGI. D. N. DECI. AUG. MATRI. Augg. NN. EVA'GORAS (Evayópas), the name of two
ET. CastroR. S. P. Q. , from which, taken in com- mythical personages. (Apollod. i. 9. § 9, iii. 12.
bination with medals, it appears that her designa- $ 5; Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. i. 156. ) [L. S. ]
tion in full was Annia Cupresse nia llercnnia Etrus- EVA GORAS (Evaybpas). 1. King of Salamis
cilla. (Muratori, p. 1036, 4 ; Mnffei, Mus. l'cron. in Cyprus. He was sprung from a family which
p. 102; Eckhel, vol. vii. p. 347. ) (W. R. ] claimed descent from Teucer, the reputed founder
ETRUSCUS, HERE'NNIUS, son of the em- of Salamis; and his ancestors appear to have been
peror Decius, upon whose accession in A. D. 249 he during a long period the hereditary rulers of that
received the appellations of Cacsar and Princeps city under the supremacy of Persia. They had,
Juventutis. In 251 he was consnl, was admitted however, been expelled (at what period we are not
to a participation in the title of Augustus, and to- told) by a Phoenician exile, who obtained the so-
wards the close of the year was slnin along with vereignty for himself, and transmitted it to his
his father in a bloody battle fought against the descendants: one of these held it at the time of
Goths in Thrace. [Decius. ] We gather from the birth of Evagoras, the date of which there is no
coins that his designation at full length was Q. means of fixing with any degree of accuracy; but
Ilerennius Etruscus Messius Trajanus Decius, the he appears to have been grown up, though still a
names llerennius Etruscus being derived from his young man, when one Abdymon, a native of Cit-
mother Herennia Etruscilla, while the rest were tium, conspired against the tyrant, put him to
inherited froin his sire. (Aurel. Vict. de Caes. xxix. death, and established himself in his place. After
Epit. xxix. ; Zonar. xii. 20. ) (W. R. ] this the usurper sought to apprehend Evagoras,
ETRUSCUS ('Etpovo kós), of MESSENE, the probably from jealousy of his hereditary claim to
author of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology. the government, but the latter made his escape to
(Brunck, Anal. vol. ii. p. 307; Jacobs, vol. iii. p. 20. ) Cilicia, and, having there assembled a small band
Nothing more is known of him. Martial (vi. 83, of followers, returned secretly to Salamis, attacked
vii. 39) mentions an Etruscus who was banished the tyrant in his palace, overpowered his guards,
by Domitian. (Jacobs, Anth. Graec. vol. xiii. p. and put him to death. (Isocr. Erag. pp. 191–195;
892. )
[P. S. ] Diod. xiv. 98; Theopomp. ap. Phot. p. 120, a ;
ETUTA. [Gestius. ]
Paus. ii. 29. $ 4. ) After this Evagoras established
ETYMOCLES ('Et vuokaņs) was one of the his authority at Salamis without farther opposition.
three Spartan envoys who, happening to be at If we may trust his panegyrist, Isocrates, his rule
Athens at the time of the incursion of Sphodrias was distinguished for its mildness and equity, and
into Attica (B. C. 378), were arrested by the Athe- he promoted the prosperity of his subjects in every
nians on suspicion of having been privy to the way, while he particularly sought to extend his
attempt Their assurances, however, to the con- relations with Greece, and to restore the influence
trary were believed, and they were allowed to de- of Hellenic customs and civilization, which had
part. Etymocles is mentioned by Xenophon and been in some degree obliterated during the period
Plutarch as a friend of Agesilaus, and we hear of of barbarian rule. (Isocr. Erag. pp. 197—198. )
him again as one of the ambassadors sent to nego- He at the same time greatly increased the power of
tiate an alliance with Athens in B. C. 369. (Xen. his subject city, and strengthened his own resources,
Hell
. v. 4. SS 22, 23, 32, vi. 5. $ 33; Plut. Ayes.
specially by the formation of a powerful fleet.
25. )
[E. E. ) Such was his position in B. C. 405, when, after the
ÉVADNE (Eváðun. ) 1. A daughter of Poseidon defeat at Aegospotami, the Athenian general Conon
and Pitane. Immediately after her birth, she was took refuge at Salamis with his few remaining gal-
carried to the Arcadian king Aepytus, who brought | lies. Evagoras had already received, in return for
She afterwards became by Apollo the mo- some services to Athens, the rights of an Athenian
ther of Jamus. (Pind. Ol. vi. 30; Hygin. Fab. 175. ) citizen, and was on terms of personal friendship
2. A daughter of Iphis, or Philax. (Eurip. Suppls with Conon (Isocr. Erag. p. 199, e. ; Diod. xii.
985; Apollod. ii. 7. 9 1; Hygin. Fab. 256. See 106): hence he zealously espoused the Athenian
CapangUs. ) There are three other mythical per- cause. It is said to have been at his intercession
sonages of the same name. (Apollod. ii. 1. $ 2; Ov. that the king of Persia determined to allow Conon
Amor, iii. 6. 41 ; Diod. iv. 53. ) [L. S. ] the support of the Phoenician fleet, and he com-
EVAECHME (Evalxun), the name of two my- manded in person the squadron with which he
thical personages. (Paus. iv. 2. $1; comp. Alca- joined the fleet of Conon and Pharnabazus at the
THOUS. )
[L. S. ] battle of Cnidus, B. C. 394. (Xen. Hell. ü. I.
EVAEMON (Evaluwr), the name of two my- $ 29; Isocr. Erag. pp. 199, 200, Paus. i. 3. $ 2;
thical personages. (Hom. Il. ii. 736 ; Apollod. iii. Ctesias, ap. Phot. p. 44, b. ) For this distinguished
8. § 1. )
(L. S. ] service a statue of Evagoras was set up by the
her up.
## p. 55 (#71) ##############################################
EVAGORAS.
bb
EVAGRIUS.
Athenians in the Cerameicus, by the side of that of this Evagoras. The latter had obtained from the
Conon. (Paus. i. 3. & 2; Isocr. Evag. p. 200, c. ) Persian king a promise of his father's government
We have very imperfect information concerning in case he could effect its conquest ; but the siege
the relation in which Evagoras stood to the king being protracted, Evagoras by some means incurred
of Persia in the early part of his reign ; but it the displeasure of Artaxerxes, who became recon-
Beems probable that he was regarded from the first ciled to Pnytagoras, and left him in the possession
with suspicion : the tyrants whom he had suc- of Salamis, while he appointed Evagoras to a
ceeded are particularly spoken of as friendly to government in the interior of Asia. Here, how-
Persia (Diod. xiv. 98), and we learn from Ctesias ever, he again gave dissatisfaction, and was accused
(ap. Phot. p. 44, b. ) that his quarrels with one of of maladministration, in consequence of which he
the other petty states of Cyprus had already called fled to Cyprus, where he was seized and put to
for the interference of the great king before the death. (Diod. xvi. 42, 46. ) The annexed coin
battle of Cnidus. The chronology of the succeed-belongs to this Evagoras,
ing events is also very obscure ; but the most con-
sistent view of the matter appears to be that
derived from Theopompus (ap. Phot. p. 120, a. ),
that Artaxerxes had previously determined to make
war upon Evagoras, and had even commenced his
preparations, but was unable to engage with vigour
in the enterprise until after the peace of Antalcidas
(B. C. 387). (See Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. p. 280 ; and
comp. Isocr. Panegyr. p. 70, a. ; Xen. Hell
. iv. 8. $ 3. Of Lacedaemon, remarkable for having gained
24, v. 1. $ 10. ) Meantime Evagoras had not only three victories in the chariot-race at the Olympic
extended his dominion over the greater part of games with the same horses, in consequence of
Cyprus, but had ravaged the coast of Phoenicia which he erected the statue of a quadriga at
with his fleet, prevailed on the Cilicians to revolt Olympia, and honoured his horses with a magni-
from Persia, and even (if we may believe Isocrates ficent funeral. (Herod. vi. 103; Aelian, ist.
and Diodorus) made himself master of Tyre itself. Anim. xii. 40; Paus. vi. 10. $ 8. )
(Diod. xiv. 98, 110, xv. 2; Isocrat. Evag. p. 201. ) 4. An Achaean of Aegium, accused by Critolaus
At length, however, a great fleet and army were of betraying the counsels of his countrymen to the
assembled under the command of Tiribazus and Romans, B. c. 146. (Polyb. xxxviii. 5. ) [E. H. B. ]
Orontes, and Evagoras having ventured to oppose EVA'GRIUS (Eudyplos). 1. Of Antioch,
them with very inferior forces was totally defeated; was a native of Antioch, the son of a citizen of that
all the rest of Cyprus fell into the hands of the place, named Pompeianus, and a presbyter appa-
satraps, and Evagoras himself was shut up within rently of the church of Antioch. He travelled
the walls of Salamis. But the Persian generals into the west of Europe, and was acquainted with
seem to have been unable to follow up their advan-Jerome, who describes him as a man "acris ac
tage, and notwithstanding this blow the war was ferventis ingenii. ” During the schism in the pa-
allowed to linger for some years. The dissensions triarchate of Antioch, he was chosen by one of the
between his two adversaries at length proved the parties (A. D. 388 or 389) successor to their deceased
safety of Evagoras : Tiribazus was recalled in con- patriarch Paulinus, in opposition to Flavianus, the
sequence of the intrigues of Orontes, and the latter patriarch of the other party. According to Theo-
hastened to conclude a peace with the Cyprian doret, the manner of his election and ordination
monarch, by which he was allowed to retain un- was altogether contrary to ecclesiastical rule. The
controlled possession of Salamis, with the title of historians Socrates and Sozomen state that Evagrius
king. (Diod. xv. 2—4, 8, 9; Theopomp. ap. survived his elevation only a short time; but this
Phot. p. 120, a. ; Isocr. Evag. p. 201, Panegyr. expression must not be too strictly interpreted, as
p. 70. ) This war, which is said to have lasted ten it appears from Jerome that he was living in a. D.
yeas in all, was brought to a close in B. C. 385. 392. He was perhaps the Evagrius who instructed
(Diod. xv. 9; Clinton, F. H. vol. ii. pp. 278-281. ) Chrysostom in monastic discipline, though it is
Evagoras survived it above ten years. He was to be observed that Chrysostom was ordained a
assassinated in 374, together with his eldest son presbyter by Flavianus, the rival of Evagrius in
Pnytagoras, by an eunuch named Thrasydaeus ; the see of Antioch. Evagrius had no successor in
but the murder was caused by revenge for a pri- his see, and ultimately Flavianus succeeded in
vate injury, and he seems to have been succeeded healing the division.
without opposition by his son Nicocles.
