ge-seah hangian (_the
Ruler of men permitted me to see hanging .
Ruler of men permitted me to see hanging .
Beowulf
uncran
eaferan, 1186.
un-cūð, adj. : 1) _unknown_: nom. sg. stīg . . . eldum uncūð, 2215; acc. sg.
neut. uncūð ge-lād (_unknown ways_), 1411. --2) _unheard-of, barbarous,
evil_: acc. sg. un-cūðne nīð, 276; gen. sg. un-cūðes (_of the foe_,
Grendel), 961.
under, I. prep. w. dat. and acc. : 1) w. dat. , answering question where? =
_under_ (of rest), contrasted with _over_: bāt (wæs) under beorge, 211; þā
cwōm Wealhþēo forð gān under gyldnum bēage (_W. walked forth under a golden
circlet_, i. e. decked with), 1164; siððan hē under segne sine ealgode
(_under his banner_), 1205; hē under rande ge-cranc (_sank under his
shield_), 1210; under wolcnum, 8, 1632; under heofenum, 52, 505; under
roderum, 310; under helme, 342, 404; under here-grīman, 396, 2050, 2606;
so, 711, 1198, 1303, 1929, 2204, 2416, 3061, 3104. --2) w. acc. : a)
answering question whither? = _under_ (of motion): þā secg wīsode under
Heorotes hrōf, 403; siððan ǣfen-lēoht under heofenes hādor be-holen
weorðeð, 414; under sceadu bregdan, 708; flēon under fen-hleoðu, 821; hond
ālegde . . . under gēapne hrōf, 837; tēon in under eoderas, 1038; so, 1361,
1746, 2129, 2541, 2554, 2676, 2745; so, hæfde þā for-sīðod sunu Ecg-þēowes
under gynne grund, 1552 (for-sīðian requires acc. ). b) after verbs of
venturing and fighting, with acc. of object had in view: hē under hārne
stān . . . āna ge-nēðde frēcne dǣde, 888; ne dorste under ȳða ge-win aldre
ge-nēðan, 1470. c) indicating extent, with acc. after expressions of limit,
etc. : under swegles begong (_as far as the sky extends_), 861, 1774; under
heofenes hwealf (_as far as heaven's vault reaches_), 2016.
II. Adv. , _beneath, below_: stīg under læg (_a path lay beneath_, i. e. the
rock), 2214.
undern-mǣl, st. n. , _midday_: acc. sg. , 1429.
un-dyrne, un-derne, adj. , _without concealment, plain, clear_: nom. sg. ,
127, 2001; un-derne, 2912.
un-dyrne, adv. , _plainly, evidently_; un-dyrne cūð, 150, 410.
un-fǣger, adj. , _unlovely, hideous_: nom. sg. lēoht un-fǣger, 728.
un-fǣcne, adj. , _without malice, sincere_: nom. sg. , 2069.
un-fǣge, adj. , _not death-doomed_ or "_fey_": nom. sg. , 2292; acc. sg.
un-fǣgne eorl, 573.
un-flitme, adv. , _solemnly, incontestably_: Finn Hengeste elne unflitme
āðum benemde (_F. swore solemnly to H. with oaths_) [if an adj. , elne un-f.
= _unconquerable in valor_], 1098.
un-forht, adj. , _fearless, bold_: nom. sg. , 287; acc. pl. unforhte (adv. ? ),
444. See Note.
un-from, adj. , _unfit, unwarlike_: nom. sg. , 2189.
un-frōd, adj. , _not aged, young_: dat sg. guman un-frōdum, 2822.
un-gedēfelīce, adv. , _unjustly, contrary to right and custom_, 2436.
un-gemete, adv. , _immeasurably, exceedingly_, 2421, 2722, 2729.
un-gemetes, adv. gen. sg. , the same, 1793.
un-geāra, adv. , (_not old_), _recently, lately_, 933; _soon_, 603.
un-gifeðe, adj. , _not to be granted; refused_: nom. sg. , 2922.
un-glēaw, adj. , _regardless, reckless_: acc. sg. sweord . . . ecgum unglēaw
(of a sharp-edged sword), 2565.
un-hār, adj. , _very gray_: nom. sg. , 357; (_bald_? ).
un-hǣlo, st. f. , _mischief, destruction_: gen. sg. wiht un-hǣlo (_the demon
of destruction_, Grendel), 120.
un-hēore, un-hȳre, adj. , _monstrous, horrible_: nom. sg. m. , weard
un-hīore (the dragon), 2414; neut. wīf un-hȳre (Grendel's mother), 2121;
nom. pl. neut. hand-sporu . . . unhēoru (of Grendel's claws), 988.
un-hlytme, un-hlitme, adv. (cf. A. S. hlytm = _lot_; O. N. hluti = _part
division_), _undivided, unseparated_, _united_, 1130 [unless = un-flitme,
1098]. See Note.
un-lēof, adj. , _hated_: acc. pl. seah on un-lēofe, 2864.
un-lifigende, pres. part. , _unliving, lifeless_: nom. sg. un-lifigende,
468; acc. sg. un-lyfigendne, 1309; dat. sg. un-lifgendum, 1390; gen. sg.
un-lyfigendes, 745.
un-lȳtel, adj. , _not little, very large_: nom. sg. duguð un-lȳtel (_a
great band of warriors_? or _great joy_? ), 498; dōm un-lȳtel (_no little
glory_), 886; acc. sg. torn un-lȳtel (_very great shame, misery_), 834.
un-murnlīce, adv. , _unpityingly, without sorrowing_, 449, 1757.
unnan, pret. -pres. v. , _to grant, give; wish, will_: pret. -pres. sg. I. ic
þē an tela sinc-gestrēona, 1226; weak pret. sg. I. ūðe ic swīðor þæt þū
hine selfne ge-sēon mōste, 961; III. hē ne ūðe þæt . . . (_he granted not that
. . . _), 503; him god ūðe þæt . . . hē hyne sylfne ge-wræc (_God granted to him
that he avenged himself_), 2875; þēah hē ūðe wēl (_though he well would_),
2856.
ge-unnan, _to grant, permit_: inf. gif hē ūs ge-unnan wile þæt wē hine . . .
grētan mōton, 346; mē ge-ūðe ylda waldend, þæt ic . . .
ge-seah hangian (_the
Ruler of men permitted me to see hanging . . . _), 1662.
un-nyt, adj. , _useless_: nom. sg. , 413, 3170.
un-riht, st. n. , _unright, injustice, wrong_: acc. sg. unriht, 1255, 2740;
instr. sg. un-rihte (_unjustly, wrongly_), 3060.
un-rīm, st. n. , _immense number_: nom. sg. , 1239, 3136; acc. sg. , 2625.
un-rīme, adj. , _countless, measureless_: nom. sg. gold un-rīme, 3013.
un-rōt, adj. , _sorrowing_: nom. pl. un-rōte, 3149.
un-snyttru, st. f. , _lack of wisdom_: dat. pl. for his un-snyttrum (_for
his unwisdom_), 1735.
un-softe, adv. , _unsoftly, with violence_ (_hardly_? ), 2141; _scarcely_,
1656.
un-swȳðe, adv. , _not strongly_ or _powerfully_: compar. (ecg) bāt unswīðor
þonne his þīod-cyning þearfe hæfde (_the sword bit less sharply than the
prince of the people needed_), 2579; fȳr unswīðor wēoll, 2882.
un-synnig, adj. , _guiltless, sinless_: acc. sg. un-synnigne, 2090.
un-synnum, adv. instr. pl. , _guiltlessly_, 1073.
un-tǣle, adj. , _blameless_: acc. pl. un-tǣle, 1866.
un-tȳder, st. m. , _evil race, monster_: nom. pl. un-tȳdras, 111. [Cf.
Ger. un-mensch. ]
un-wāclīc, adj. , _that cannot be shaken; firm, strong_: acc. sg. ād . . .
un-wāclīcne, 3139.
un-wearnum, adv. instr. pl. , _unawares, suddenly_; (_unresistingly_? ), 742.
un-wrecen, pret. part. , _unavenged_, 2444.
up, adv. , _up, upward_, 224, 519, 1374, 1620, 1913, 1921, 2894; (of the
voice), þā wæs . . . wōp up āhafen, 128; so, 783.
up-lang, adj. , _upright, erect_: nom. sg. , 760.
uppe (adj. , ūfe, ūffe), adv. , _above_, 566.
up-riht, adj. , _upright, erect_: nom. sg. , 2093.
uton. See wuton.
Ū
ūð-genge, adj. , _transitory, evanescent, ready to depart_, (_fled_? ): þǣr
wæs Æsc-here . . . feorh ūð-genge, 2124.
ūhte, w. f. , _twilight_ or _dawn_: dat. or acc. on ūhtan, 126.
ūht-floga, w. m. , _twilight-flier, dawn-flier_ (epithet of the dragon):
gen. sg. ūht-flogan, 2761.
ūht-hlem, st. m. , _twilight-cry, dawn-cry_: acc. sg. , 2008.
ūht-sceaða, w. m. , _twilight-_ or _dawn-foe_: nom. sg. , 2272.
ūs, pers. pron. dat. and acc. of wē (see wē), _us, to us_, 1822, 2636,
2643, 2921, 3002, 3079; acc. (poetic), ūsic, 2639, 2641, 2642;--gen. ūre:
ūre ǣg-hwylc (_each of us_), 1387; ūser, 2075.
ūser, possess, pron. : nom. sg. ūre man-drihten, 2648; dat. sg. ūssum
hlāforde, 2635; gen. sg. neut. ūsses cynnes, 2814; dat. pl. ūrum . . . bām
(_to us both, two_) (for unc bām), 2660.
ūt, adv. , _out_, 215, 537, 664, 1293, 1584, 2082, 2558, 3131.
ūtan, adv. , _from without, without_, 775, 1032, 1504, 2335.
ūt-fūs, adj. , _ready to go_: nom. sg. hringed-stefna īsig and ūt-fūs, 33.
ūt-weard, adj. , _outward, outside, free_: nom. sg. eoten (Grendel) wæs
ūt-weard, 762.
ūtan-weard, adj. , _without, outward, from without_: acc. sg. hlǣw . . . ealne
ūtan-weardne, 2298.
W
wacian, w. v. , _to watch_: imper. sg. waca wið wrāðum! 661.
wadan, st. v. , (cf. wade, waddle) _to traverse; stride, go_: pret. sg. wōd
þurh þone wæl-rēc, 2662; wōd under wolcnum (_stalked beneath the clouds_),
715.
ge-wadan, _to attain by moving, come to, reach_: pret. part. oð þæt . . .
wunden-stefna ge-waden hæfde, þæt þā līðende land ge-sāwon (_till the ship
had gone so far that the sailors saw land_), 220.
on-wadan, w. acc. , _to invade, befall_: pret. sg. hine fyren on-wōd(? ),
916.
þurh-wadan, _to penetrate, pierce_: pret. sg. þæt swurd þurh-wōd wrǣt-līcne
wyrm, 891; so, 1568.
wāg, st. m. , _wall_: dat. sg. on wāge, 1663; dat. pl. æfter wāgum (_along
the walls_), 996.
wala, w. m. , _boss_: nom. pl. walan, 1032 (cf. Bouterwek in Haupt XI. , 85
seqq.
eaferan, 1186.
un-cūð, adj. : 1) _unknown_: nom. sg. stīg . . . eldum uncūð, 2215; acc. sg.
neut. uncūð ge-lād (_unknown ways_), 1411. --2) _unheard-of, barbarous,
evil_: acc. sg. un-cūðne nīð, 276; gen. sg. un-cūðes (_of the foe_,
Grendel), 961.
under, I. prep. w. dat. and acc. : 1) w. dat. , answering question where? =
_under_ (of rest), contrasted with _over_: bāt (wæs) under beorge, 211; þā
cwōm Wealhþēo forð gān under gyldnum bēage (_W. walked forth under a golden
circlet_, i. e. decked with), 1164; siððan hē under segne sine ealgode
(_under his banner_), 1205; hē under rande ge-cranc (_sank under his
shield_), 1210; under wolcnum, 8, 1632; under heofenum, 52, 505; under
roderum, 310; under helme, 342, 404; under here-grīman, 396, 2050, 2606;
so, 711, 1198, 1303, 1929, 2204, 2416, 3061, 3104. --2) w. acc. : a)
answering question whither? = _under_ (of motion): þā secg wīsode under
Heorotes hrōf, 403; siððan ǣfen-lēoht under heofenes hādor be-holen
weorðeð, 414; under sceadu bregdan, 708; flēon under fen-hleoðu, 821; hond
ālegde . . . under gēapne hrōf, 837; tēon in under eoderas, 1038; so, 1361,
1746, 2129, 2541, 2554, 2676, 2745; so, hæfde þā for-sīðod sunu Ecg-þēowes
under gynne grund, 1552 (for-sīðian requires acc. ). b) after verbs of
venturing and fighting, with acc. of object had in view: hē under hārne
stān . . . āna ge-nēðde frēcne dǣde, 888; ne dorste under ȳða ge-win aldre
ge-nēðan, 1470. c) indicating extent, with acc. after expressions of limit,
etc. : under swegles begong (_as far as the sky extends_), 861, 1774; under
heofenes hwealf (_as far as heaven's vault reaches_), 2016.
II. Adv. , _beneath, below_: stīg under læg (_a path lay beneath_, i. e. the
rock), 2214.
undern-mǣl, st. n. , _midday_: acc. sg. , 1429.
un-dyrne, un-derne, adj. , _without concealment, plain, clear_: nom. sg. ,
127, 2001; un-derne, 2912.
un-dyrne, adv. , _plainly, evidently_; un-dyrne cūð, 150, 410.
un-fǣger, adj. , _unlovely, hideous_: nom. sg. lēoht un-fǣger, 728.
un-fǣcne, adj. , _without malice, sincere_: nom. sg. , 2069.
un-fǣge, adj. , _not death-doomed_ or "_fey_": nom. sg. , 2292; acc. sg.
un-fǣgne eorl, 573.
un-flitme, adv. , _solemnly, incontestably_: Finn Hengeste elne unflitme
āðum benemde (_F. swore solemnly to H. with oaths_) [if an adj. , elne un-f.
= _unconquerable in valor_], 1098.
un-forht, adj. , _fearless, bold_: nom. sg. , 287; acc. pl. unforhte (adv. ? ),
444. See Note.
un-from, adj. , _unfit, unwarlike_: nom. sg. , 2189.
un-frōd, adj. , _not aged, young_: dat sg. guman un-frōdum, 2822.
un-gedēfelīce, adv. , _unjustly, contrary to right and custom_, 2436.
un-gemete, adv. , _immeasurably, exceedingly_, 2421, 2722, 2729.
un-gemetes, adv. gen. sg. , the same, 1793.
un-geāra, adv. , (_not old_), _recently, lately_, 933; _soon_, 603.
un-gifeðe, adj. , _not to be granted; refused_: nom. sg. , 2922.
un-glēaw, adj. , _regardless, reckless_: acc. sg. sweord . . . ecgum unglēaw
(of a sharp-edged sword), 2565.
un-hār, adj. , _very gray_: nom. sg. , 357; (_bald_? ).
un-hǣlo, st. f. , _mischief, destruction_: gen. sg. wiht un-hǣlo (_the demon
of destruction_, Grendel), 120.
un-hēore, un-hȳre, adj. , _monstrous, horrible_: nom. sg. m. , weard
un-hīore (the dragon), 2414; neut. wīf un-hȳre (Grendel's mother), 2121;
nom. pl. neut. hand-sporu . . . unhēoru (of Grendel's claws), 988.
un-hlytme, un-hlitme, adv. (cf. A. S. hlytm = _lot_; O. N. hluti = _part
division_), _undivided, unseparated_, _united_, 1130 [unless = un-flitme,
1098]. See Note.
un-lēof, adj. , _hated_: acc. pl. seah on un-lēofe, 2864.
un-lifigende, pres. part. , _unliving, lifeless_: nom. sg. un-lifigende,
468; acc. sg. un-lyfigendne, 1309; dat. sg. un-lifgendum, 1390; gen. sg.
un-lyfigendes, 745.
un-lȳtel, adj. , _not little, very large_: nom. sg. duguð un-lȳtel (_a
great band of warriors_? or _great joy_? ), 498; dōm un-lȳtel (_no little
glory_), 886; acc. sg. torn un-lȳtel (_very great shame, misery_), 834.
un-murnlīce, adv. , _unpityingly, without sorrowing_, 449, 1757.
unnan, pret. -pres. v. , _to grant, give; wish, will_: pret. -pres. sg. I. ic
þē an tela sinc-gestrēona, 1226; weak pret. sg. I. ūðe ic swīðor þæt þū
hine selfne ge-sēon mōste, 961; III. hē ne ūðe þæt . . . (_he granted not that
. . . _), 503; him god ūðe þæt . . . hē hyne sylfne ge-wræc (_God granted to him
that he avenged himself_), 2875; þēah hē ūðe wēl (_though he well would_),
2856.
ge-unnan, _to grant, permit_: inf. gif hē ūs ge-unnan wile þæt wē hine . . .
grētan mōton, 346; mē ge-ūðe ylda waldend, þæt ic . . .
ge-seah hangian (_the
Ruler of men permitted me to see hanging . . . _), 1662.
un-nyt, adj. , _useless_: nom. sg. , 413, 3170.
un-riht, st. n. , _unright, injustice, wrong_: acc. sg. unriht, 1255, 2740;
instr. sg. un-rihte (_unjustly, wrongly_), 3060.
un-rīm, st. n. , _immense number_: nom. sg. , 1239, 3136; acc. sg. , 2625.
un-rīme, adj. , _countless, measureless_: nom. sg. gold un-rīme, 3013.
un-rōt, adj. , _sorrowing_: nom. pl. un-rōte, 3149.
un-snyttru, st. f. , _lack of wisdom_: dat. pl. for his un-snyttrum (_for
his unwisdom_), 1735.
un-softe, adv. , _unsoftly, with violence_ (_hardly_? ), 2141; _scarcely_,
1656.
un-swȳðe, adv. , _not strongly_ or _powerfully_: compar. (ecg) bāt unswīðor
þonne his þīod-cyning þearfe hæfde (_the sword bit less sharply than the
prince of the people needed_), 2579; fȳr unswīðor wēoll, 2882.
un-synnig, adj. , _guiltless, sinless_: acc. sg. un-synnigne, 2090.
un-synnum, adv. instr. pl. , _guiltlessly_, 1073.
un-tǣle, adj. , _blameless_: acc. pl. un-tǣle, 1866.
un-tȳder, st. m. , _evil race, monster_: nom. pl. un-tȳdras, 111. [Cf.
Ger. un-mensch. ]
un-wāclīc, adj. , _that cannot be shaken; firm, strong_: acc. sg. ād . . .
un-wāclīcne, 3139.
un-wearnum, adv. instr. pl. , _unawares, suddenly_; (_unresistingly_? ), 742.
un-wrecen, pret. part. , _unavenged_, 2444.
up, adv. , _up, upward_, 224, 519, 1374, 1620, 1913, 1921, 2894; (of the
voice), þā wæs . . . wōp up āhafen, 128; so, 783.
up-lang, adj. , _upright, erect_: nom. sg. , 760.
uppe (adj. , ūfe, ūffe), adv. , _above_, 566.
up-riht, adj. , _upright, erect_: nom. sg. , 2093.
uton. See wuton.
Ū
ūð-genge, adj. , _transitory, evanescent, ready to depart_, (_fled_? ): þǣr
wæs Æsc-here . . . feorh ūð-genge, 2124.
ūhte, w. f. , _twilight_ or _dawn_: dat. or acc. on ūhtan, 126.
ūht-floga, w. m. , _twilight-flier, dawn-flier_ (epithet of the dragon):
gen. sg. ūht-flogan, 2761.
ūht-hlem, st. m. , _twilight-cry, dawn-cry_: acc. sg. , 2008.
ūht-sceaða, w. m. , _twilight-_ or _dawn-foe_: nom. sg. , 2272.
ūs, pers. pron. dat. and acc. of wē (see wē), _us, to us_, 1822, 2636,
2643, 2921, 3002, 3079; acc. (poetic), ūsic, 2639, 2641, 2642;--gen. ūre:
ūre ǣg-hwylc (_each of us_), 1387; ūser, 2075.
ūser, possess, pron. : nom. sg. ūre man-drihten, 2648; dat. sg. ūssum
hlāforde, 2635; gen. sg. neut. ūsses cynnes, 2814; dat. pl. ūrum . . . bām
(_to us both, two_) (for unc bām), 2660.
ūt, adv. , _out_, 215, 537, 664, 1293, 1584, 2082, 2558, 3131.
ūtan, adv. , _from without, without_, 775, 1032, 1504, 2335.
ūt-fūs, adj. , _ready to go_: nom. sg. hringed-stefna īsig and ūt-fūs, 33.
ūt-weard, adj. , _outward, outside, free_: nom. sg. eoten (Grendel) wæs
ūt-weard, 762.
ūtan-weard, adj. , _without, outward, from without_: acc. sg. hlǣw . . . ealne
ūtan-weardne, 2298.
W
wacian, w. v. , _to watch_: imper. sg. waca wið wrāðum! 661.
wadan, st. v. , (cf. wade, waddle) _to traverse; stride, go_: pret. sg. wōd
þurh þone wæl-rēc, 2662; wōd under wolcnum (_stalked beneath the clouds_),
715.
ge-wadan, _to attain by moving, come to, reach_: pret. part. oð þæt . . .
wunden-stefna ge-waden hæfde, þæt þā līðende land ge-sāwon (_till the ship
had gone so far that the sailors saw land_), 220.
on-wadan, w. acc. , _to invade, befall_: pret. sg. hine fyren on-wōd(? ),
916.
þurh-wadan, _to penetrate, pierce_: pret. sg. þæt swurd þurh-wōd wrǣt-līcne
wyrm, 891; so, 1568.
wāg, st. m. , _wall_: dat. sg. on wāge, 1663; dat. pl. æfter wāgum (_along
the walls_), 996.
wala, w. m. , _boss_: nom. pl. walan, 1032 (cf. Bouterwek in Haupt XI. , 85
seqq.
