and, at the same
date,
Although spending their lives with religious ardour and steady perseverance in love and veneration, walking ever in the way of God's Commandments, animated by His graces and the grateful recollection of His supernatural favours ; yet, had the saints found time and opportunity to discharge all necessary obligations and charitable offices towards their fellow-creatures.
date,
Although spending their lives with religious ardour and steady perseverance in love and veneration, walking ever in the way of God's Commandments, animated by His graces and the grateful recollection of His supernatural favours ; yet, had the saints found time and opportunity to discharge all necessary obligations and charitable offices towards their fellow-creatures.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v9
1354, King
wifeof
Edward III. granted that hospital to the Master and Brethren ot the Order of Burton St. Lazar of Jerusalem, in Leicestershire.
there,byMatilda,
HenryI. ,
was erected before a. d. 8q but 854,
church,
by
diet Gononus,in "Vitis Patruum Occidentis,"
iii. , p. 251.
84 See Ward and Lock's "Pictorial Guide
to London," p. 19.
8s See Walter Harrison's "New and
Universal History, Description and Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster,"
&c, book v. , chap, i. , p. 536.
86
See "London," edited by Charles Knight, vol. iii. , sect. Ixvi. , St. Giles's, Past and Present, p. 258.
8? See a plan of St. Giles in the Fields and its connexion with the First St. Giles' Church. when both were regarded as in a suburban position outside the walls in London, in the
lib. iii. ,
79 The hind is represented, likewise, as
the armorial bearing of the city of Saint- Gilles. See Les Petits Bollandistes, "Vies des Saints," tome x. , premier jour de Sep- tembre, p. 405.
80
See Rev. S. Baring-Gould's "Lives of the Saints," vol. ix. , September 1, pp. 9, 10.
81
See "Les Petits Bollandistes," tome x. , ic jour de Septembre, p. 405.
1
In process of time, the village increased so considerably in buildings, that it was con- Stitttted a prebend of St. Paul's Cathedral,
by the appellation of Mora. This preben- dary has the ninth stall on the right side of the choir in St. Paul's Cathedral. See Walter Harrison's "New and Universal Hi>tory, Description and Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, the Borough of Southwark, and their adjacent Parts," book ii. , chap, xvi. , p. 468, and n. ibid.
Si Milton was buried, where his father had been buried before him, in the Church of St. Giles, Cripplegate. See Charles Knight's "Old England," vol. ii. , book vi. , chap.
p. 155.
work just quoted, Hid. , p. 272. 88 "
See Registrum Cartarum Ecclesia'
Sancti Egidii de Edinburgh," edited by the Bannatine Club.
8' See Francis 11. Groome's "Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland : a Survey of Scottish Topography, Statistical, Biographical, and Historical," vol. ii. , p. 515.
9° The original building was probably of small dimensions, but the parish Church of Edinburgh. See Rev. Mackenzie E. C. Walcott's " Scoti-Monasticon : the Ancient Church of Scotland," p. 363.
September i. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
of the twelfth century. Additions of aisles, transepts, chapels and a choir, were subsequently made to it; but, in 1385, it was destroyed by the Duke of Gloucester and the English who invaded
St. Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh.
confirmed its privileges to St. Giles' by charter. 93 It contained several
chapels,94 all of which were destroyed in 1559, by the Earls of Argyle and Glencairn. After episcopacy had been abolished, looms were erected within the aisles, 1560-7,95 and in different ways was St. Giles' afterwards dese-
9t See the history of St. Giles's Church, from the churches in all parts of Scotland,
with illustrations, in Daniel Wilson's "Memorials of Edinburgh in the Olden Time," vol. ii. , chap, xi. , pp. 157 to 176.
"and in Edinburgh was that great idole, Sanct Geyle, first drowned in the North Loch, after burned, which raised no small trouble in the town. " He afterwards gives an account of the tumult, to which allusion has been made, in his " History of the Refor-
92 Through the intervention of the King
of France, after long entreaty on the part of
the clergy and people of Edinburgh. This
relic, embossed in silver, was kept among mation in Scotland," book i. , pp. 256 to 261.
the Church treasures, until the Reformation.
See " The Works of John Knox ;" collected
and edited David Laing, vol. i. , Edin- by
See Arnot's " of History
268.
93 See Maitland's ''History of Edin- burgh, 1864, 8vo.
burgh," p. 272.
94 When the rage of the Scottish Reformers _
Edinburgh," p.
« See Rev. Dr. Mackenzie E. C. Walcott's
"Scoti-Monasticon," Edinburgh, pp. 133,
against images was prevalent, on the 1st of
September, 1558, a wooden image of St.
Giles was destroyed by a mob, when borne
in procession through Edinburgh. John references illustrating its various compart- Knox relates that images were stolen away ments, previous to 1829, in Daniel Wilson's
Scotland, during the reign of King Richard II. In 1387, the re- construction of St. Giles' Church was
and for the most part it was carried out in the Early
commenced,
Gothic
which dis-
style,
tinguished that period,
although much of the
1
In 1393, King Robert III. annexed it to Scone, the Crown and Municipal Council granting sums for its restoration, at various times. The church had been a cell to Dumfermline, until refounded out of consoli- dated chapelries as a collegiate church, in 1446, by the Provost
and Magistrates. In 1454, the arm-bone of St. Giles was obtained
2
for it as a relic. 9
on the 22nd of February, 1466, King James III.
old masonry remained. 9
134-
96 There is an interesting ground plan of
St. Giles's Church, with description and
Again,
24 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [September i
crated. 00 Formerly it had the ordinary cathedral cruciform outline; but, owing to additions, alterations and curtailments, it lost nearly all trace of its original form. ? In 1829 to 1832, under the direction of Mr. Burn, it under-
8
went a very tasteless so-called renovation ;° wasproposedtorestoretheinterior,? andin1872,underthedirectionofMr. \V. Hay, the work was commenced, owing chiefly to the public spirit and
100
generous liberality of the eminent publisher, Dr. William Chambers. When the ecclesiastical changes, consequent on the establishment of Protestantism in the sixteenth century, had put an end to the old Catholic ritual in Edinburgh, and St. Giles' had become a place for plain Presbyterian worship, its long drawn aisles were not thought to be advan- tageous for the preachers of the day, and the interior of the edifice was
consequently partitioned into a number of separate places for worship. The choir was first restored in 1873 ; but, owing to various obstacles, great delay was occasioned before the renovation was finally accomplished in 1883.
St. Giles was also venerated in 101 in Fintray,
102
Moffat,
and in where Elgin,
fairs were held in his honour.
This holy servant of God is commemorated in several Martyrologies and
Calendars; asinsomeadditionstothoseofAdoandoftheVenerableBede,
in the Gallican103 and
in an ancient Franco-Gallic Martyrology, edited by Labbe,105 at the 1st of
108
"Memorials of Edinburgh in the Olden disfigured in like manner. The side chapels Time," vol. ii. , appendix, sect, xviii. , pp. were either demolished, or blocked up with
as, also,
Anglican
10* Kalendars. He
is commemorated,
IO° in a Codex of Corbie 107 and in an ancient
; manuscript
September ;
belonging to the Monastery of Lerins.
original work, the name of Saint ^Egidius does not occur, but it is to be found in many of the more modern additions to Usuard. Through the Kalendar of Sarum, St. Egidius, or Giles, finds his place in the Scottish Kalendar. In the Scottish Kalendar of Hyrdmanistoun, at the 1st of September, St. Egidius, Abbot,100 is commemorated. In Scotland he is
221 to 223.
97 On Sunday, July 23rd, 1637, when the Protestant Bishop of Edinburgh ascended the pulpit of St. Giles to introduce the English Liturgy upon the Presbyterians of Scotland, he was violently assailed by the congregation assembled. Riot after riot followed, until the great National Covenant
nned, and Rebellion succeeded. See Charles Knight's "Old England," vol. ii. , book vi. , chap, i. , pp. 174, 175.
98 The exterior of the building was then newly encased in stone, which only served
the unadorned wood-work of galleries and
pews, as was the case with the historic
Albany Aisle.
" The accompanying illustration, drawn
on the wood and engraved by Gregor Grey, has been copied from an approved etching of St. Giles' Church, before the late restora- tions had been commenced.
still further to obliterate its historic features
;
,01 " See Keith's
Aberdeen," p. 245. IOS "
View of the Diocese of
the stately old tower, surmounted by its
finely proportioned mural crown being at
1 resent the only characteristic of its external
See RegistrumEpiscopatusMoravien- sis," p. 313.
which can
ancient. At the same time, the interior underwent other changes for the worse. The massive octagonal pillars in the nave were sliced down into narrow fluted shafts, alto- gether out of keeping with the general eiiaracter of the architecture. In order t—hat
room might be made for the galleries
rather modern innovation—arches and
tals were ruthlessly cut into, and the whole building made as unlike its former state as possible. The transepts and choir were
,o3 in that of Andrew Especially
aspect,
really
be as regarded
Saussay. 10 * As in those of York and Sarum.
capi-
by Martene, " Thesauri Anecdotorum," col. 1613.
a
tomus
,o8 This has been edited
but, in the year 1867, it
In the genuine copies of Usuard's
I0°
"Memoir of William and Robert Cham- bers," by William Chambers, LL. D. , sup- plementary chapter, 1865— 1883, pp. 357 to
371, Edinburgh and London, 1893, sm- 4l o.
See that most instructive and interesting
,os See " Bibliothecas MSS," tomus ii. , p. 702.
:
,u6 There we read " Eodem die depositio
beati Egidii Abbatis. "
I0? Published in "
by D'Achery Spici-
in
legium,"
ii. , p. 17.
,0? See Bishop Forbes' " Kalendars of Scottish Saints," p. 45.
September i;] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 25 known as St. Giles. Also, in the Kalendars of Culenros110 and De Nova
"
September,
Edinburgh.
quotes he
1. 1 112
See ibid. , p. 75.
abbatis et confessoris.
111
there is a like entry. Again, it is in the Kalendar of Arbuthnot," 1
2
Farina
while in that of Aberdeen, the feast is noted as a minor duplex, *3 and entered likewise in the Martyrology of Aberdeen,"* on the same day. In his " Menologium Scoticum," Thomas Dempster has this saint also entered, at
the 1st of 1 ^ as Patron of
116
For this, he Joannes Molanus, Theologus Lovaniensis. " As Giles, he is entered at t—
11
same date, in the Scottish Kalendar. ? In the ol—Martyrology Tallagh
compiled from various ancient church calendars
for the Abbot 8 at the 1st of Egidius,"
1x
d of
there is noticed a festival
September ; it is entered 9 in the Liber Sancte Trinitatis, Dublin.
and, at the same
date,
Although spending their lives with religious ardour and steady perseverance in love and veneration, walking ever in the way of God's Commandments, animated by His graces and the grateful recollection of His supernatural favours ; yet, had the saints found time and opportunity to discharge all necessary obligations and charitable offices towards their fellow-creatures. Thus they merited that love and veneration, which was bestowed on them by men of good will while they lived, and which transmitted to posterity the
names of so many holy persons, who were eminently deserving respect and honour from succeeding generations.
Article II. —St. Neman, Bishop of Cill Bia. There are no entries made in the published Martyrology of Tallagh, from 31st of August until the 4th of September ; and therefore, the present saint's name, with that of other holy persons, is not there found recorded. However, in the copy contained in the Book of Leinster, although entries are given for the missing days, the
name of Neman is not mentioned, at the present date. The Martyrology of 1
Donegal registers a festival, at the 1st of September, in honour of Neman, Bishop, of Cill-Bia, which seems to have been one of the early small sees in Ireland. In the table which follows this record, a commentator observes, that if by him, Nemhan be understood, this name may fairly be interpreted CcdesHtms? In the Introduction to the Martyrology, it is stated, that Cill Bhi is in Connaught ;3 but, this is by no means certain. At present, it seems no easy matter to discover this place/ among the existing parish or townland denominations of Ireland. However, there is a reasonable conjecture, as Cill-Bia and Cill-mbian are not distinct denominations, and while the latter place is said to have been founded by St. Fearghus,* Bishop of Druim-Leath-
1. 0 See ibid. , p. 61.
"9 Thus, " Eodem die
See ibid. , p. 104.
113 See ibid. , p. 120.
114 The Martyrology of Aberdeen states at
the Kl\ Septembris. —"In pago Neuma- James Henthorn Todd, p. 152.
censi Sancti Egidii abbatis. "—" Proceedings
of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland," vol. ii. , p. 267.
"Kalendars of
l
Article 11. — Edited by Drs- Todd and
Reeves, pp. 232, 233.
115 See
Scottish Saints," p. 210.
Bishop
ginal
passage:
ruotfi-an,
Forbes5
" As
116 Adam King, in his Kalendar, gives this distinction at the 1st of September to
"
S. Geles, abot of Arls in Prouance, patron of Edinbourge, under Charles ye greit" See ibid, p. 161.
"7 See ibid. , p. 255.
118
Thus entered e^itm ab.
sancti Egidii, —"The Book of Obits and Martyrology of the Cathedral Church of the Holy Trinity," edited by
John Clarke Crosthwaite, and Rev. Dr.
2
note to this
from viAorh, holy, is Latinized Sanctanus, so tl email, from nerh, 'heaven,' is rendered Ccclestinus" See ibid. , pp. 458, 459.
3 See ibid. , p. xxxix.
4 Cill Bia has not been hitherto clearly identified.
5 His feast occurs on the 30th March, at which date notices of him may be seen, in
"
;
Dr. Reeves appends the following mar-
26 LIVES OE THE IRISH SAINTS.
[September i.
giaise, more commonly called Dun-da-leath-ghlas, or Down ; an ancient graveyard called Killyman, in the townland of Barnamaghery and parish of
Kilmore, in the Diocese of Down, may represent the site of the once impor- tant church of Cill-mbian, mentioned in several of our annals. In that
6
graveyard, at present, there are no remains of a church ;
of stones had been removed from it, to build a bridge over the Glasswater. It might well be expected, that Cill-mBian? —pronounced Killmian—as having been founded by one of the bishops of Down, should remain closely connectedwiththeSee; and,asKillymanwasachapelinthemensalparish of Kilmore, and probably one of seven mentioned as having belonged to it,
not unreasonably it may be regarded as the ancient Cill m-Bian.
8
If such
identification be correct, as the founder, St. Fearghus, Bishop of Downpatrick, died a. d. 583,9 the present St. Neman flourished hardly at an earlier date than the seventh century. How long Cill m-Bian or Cill-Bia continued to be the see of a bishop does not seem to be known ; for we cannot find farther allusion to it in our Irish Annals or Calendars. Neither is the name of Neman one often to be met with, 10 and certainly not in a form, to furnish probable identity with the saint there venerated. Under the head of Cill- Bia, Duald Mac Ferbis enters Nemhan, bishop of Cill-Bia, at the 1st day of September. "
Article III. —St. Cuimmen, Son of Cuanna, or Cuanach, probably AbbotofDruim-Snechta,nowDrumsnat,CountyofMonaghan. To us it seems very probable, that the present holy man was not distinct from a saint bearing the same appellation, and said to have been venerated on
1
the 4th of this month, at Drumsnat, County of Monaghan. The name of
Cuimmen, son of Cuana, or Cuanach, occurs in the Martyrologies of Tal- 2
lagh, of Marianus 0'Gorman,3 and of Donegal,* at the 1st of* September.
Article IV. —St. Sceallan, the Leper, of Armagh, County of
Armagh. Onthisday,thefeastofSt. Sceallanoccursinsomeofournative
1
Martyrologies. His memory is recorded in the Calendar of Marianus
O'Gorman.
Also,
we find entered in the of 2 that Martyrology Donegal,
the Third Volume of this work, Art. ii. I0 A Neman, Abbot of Lismore, died, A. D. The graveyard is exclusively used by 610.
Catholics, and mostly by persons of the name of Murray. It is now in the Catholic parish of Saintfield.
7 In his tract, De Quibtisdam Episcopis,
Duald MacFirbis—apparently referring to
thisChurch—hasit, "Cill-SqanduilnoCill-
bi. ui. Fergus epscop Cille-Sganduil no
bian; agus is nor sin. " Translated : Kill- Leinster, at the Kalends of this month— Sgandail or Kill-Bian: Fergus, bishop of September 1st—is entered the festival
Kill-Sgandail or Kill-Bian, and that is true. "
denominations be into may anglicised
Kilscannel and Kilbcan or Kilmean.
Comem Ab TJnom SneccAi.
* " Acta Iliber- See Colgan's Sanctorum
nke," xii. Januarii, n. 6, p. $9-
* Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
232, 233.
Article iv. —1 See Colgan's "Acta Sanc-
1
toncal Account of the Dioceses of Down and
Connor, Ancient and Modern," vol. v. , pp.
39> 4°-
See Very Rev. James O'Laverty's "His-
torum Ilibernke," xvi. Martii, n. 2, p. 628. 9»
SeeDr. O'Donovan's"AnnalsoftheFour Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. Masters," vol. i. , pp. 210, 211, and nn. (c. d. ) 232, 233.
but, a great quantity
"See " Proceedings of the Royal Irish
Academy," Irish MSS. Series, vol. i-, part
i> PP- 94> 95-
Article in. —x See "The Martyrology
of Tallagh," edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xxxiii.
2 In that copy as found in the Book of
September i. ] LIVES OF 1HE IRISH SAINTS. 27
veneration was given to Sceallan, the Leper, of Ard-Macha, or Armagh. The Irish Calendar, belonging to the Ordnance Survey Records, has a
similar entry. 3 By the Bollandists, his festival is noticed, at the 1st of Sep- tember/ This holy man seems to have borne patiently the loathsome disease, once so common in Ireland, and from which his appellation was derived. When he lived does not seem to be known, bat it was probably in the ninth or tenth century. The name of Sceallan, the Leper, of Armagh, is not found in the Martyrology of Tallagh, contained in the Book of Leinster.
Article V. —Reputed Feast of St. Sebaldus, or Sewallus. It
would appear, from the posthumous list of Manuscripts published by Charles 1
Mac Donnell, that Colgan had intended the issue of St. Sebaldus' Acts, at the
1st day of September. Making allusion to a St. Sewall, Bishop of York, in England, at this date, as said to have been noted by the English Martyr-
2 and
a. d. 1256,4 the Bollandists state,5 that he was a different person from Sewall, an Irish bishop, venerated at the 18th of May.
Article VI. —St. Failbhe, Son of Ronan, of Cluain Airbealaigh.
In that copy of the Martyrology of Tallagh, contained in the Book of
Leinster, at the Kalends of September, there is an entry of Failbe Mac
Ronain in Cluain 1 to the of 2 a Arbelaig. According Martyrology Donegal,
festival was celebrated at the 1st of September in honour of Failbhe, son of
Ronan, of Cluain Airbealaigh. He is recorded in the published Martyrology of Tallagh,3 at the 4th of September, as Failbe Mac Ronain, in Cluain Airbelaig. Thisshows,thattheremusthavebeensomeerrorofinsertionin the latter Calendar, owing perhaps to the ignorance of a scribe.
Article VII. —Translation of the Relics of St. Anatolius, at
Salins, France. Besides the festival of St. Anatolius, on the 3rd of
1
February, another is kept on the 1st of September. This latter com-
memorates a translation of his remains, at Salins. During the eleventh century, the body of St, Anatolius was removed from the original tomb, in whichithadbeendeposed. Itwasplacedintheprincipalchurch,atSalins. About 200 years later, Nicholas, who was Bishop of Besancon, from a. d. 1229 to 1235, had it moved on a 1st of September, An elegant shrine, in the same church, was destined for the reception of his remains. These were greatlyvenerated,bythefaithful. Thus200years,afterthefirstexhumation
ology,
by Ferrarias,3
as also mentioned Matthew of Westminster, at by
3 Sge-AllxMi lobA]\ 6 -Arvomaca. Sec
his episcopacy, and not to his cultus " Se-
:
wallus electus in — Eborum, archiepiscopum
consecratur ab episcopo Wigornirc. " " Flores Historiarum. "
"
3 See Acta Sanctorum," tomus i. , Sep-
tembris i. Among the pretermitted Saints, p. 4,
" Common Place
Royal Irish Academy's Library, p. 74.
4 See " Acta tomus Sanctorum,"
tembris i.
i. , Sep- Among the pretermitted Saints,
p- 3-
Article v.
—
2
However, the Bollandists could not find
*
'
Thus: mac Vailbe
Book, F. ,"
now in the
See "
Sanctorum quae MS. habentur, ordine Men-
sium et Dierum. "
such notice in any edition of Wilson's English
Martyrology.
3 In *' Catalogus Generalis Sanctorum. " 4 Matthew of Westminster only alludes to
232, 233.
3 Edited by Re—v. Dr. Kelly, p. xxxiii.
'
Article vii. See at this date, in the
Second Volume of this work, some notices of the present saint, Art. i.
Catalogus
Actuum
Article vi. —
1lon. ain 1 cluAin ^ipbetaij;.
2
Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
28 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
[September t.
and deposition of St. Anatolius' relics, by Hugo, Archbishop of BesancOD, in a magnificent tomb, at which various illustrious miracles had been wrought; Nicholas, Archbishop of Besancon, in the thirteenth century, had them removed, on the Kalends of September, and placed in a precious
2
shrine, prepared for their reception.
saint, blind, lame, mute, deaf, crippled, weak and infirm persons, were frequently restored to health. Once, when St. Anatolius' salt spring sud-
denly went dry, on bringing his sacred head thither, the water immediately
sprang forth again. Fires were extinguished, through his intercession ; demoniacs were cured ; cities were relieved from siege, and victories were obtained over enemies of the French rain and fine weather were alike
j
obtained ; while numbers, placed in imminent danger, were saved through
his invocation. Well may we deem this holy Confessor to be inscribed in
whom the " To Royal Prophet sung,
ArticleVIII. —TheSonsofCaimene. AfestivaltohonourtheSons
1
of Caimene is set down, in the Martyrology of Donegal, at the ist of Sep-
tember. Itseemsprobable,thoseholybrothersflourished,aftertheeighth
century, as they are not contained, in that copy of the Martyrology of Tallaght in the Book of Leinster, at the Kalends of September, nor in that published by the Rev. Dr. Kelly, for which day entries are missing. Their particular names do not seem to be ascertainable.
wifeof
Edward III. granted that hospital to the Master and Brethren ot the Order of Burton St. Lazar of Jerusalem, in Leicestershire.
there,byMatilda,
HenryI. ,
was erected before a. d. 8q but 854,
church,
by
diet Gononus,in "Vitis Patruum Occidentis,"
iii. , p. 251.
84 See Ward and Lock's "Pictorial Guide
to London," p. 19.
8s See Walter Harrison's "New and
Universal History, Description and Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster,"
&c, book v. , chap, i. , p. 536.
86
See "London," edited by Charles Knight, vol. iii. , sect. Ixvi. , St. Giles's, Past and Present, p. 258.
8? See a plan of St. Giles in the Fields and its connexion with the First St. Giles' Church. when both were regarded as in a suburban position outside the walls in London, in the
lib. iii. ,
79 The hind is represented, likewise, as
the armorial bearing of the city of Saint- Gilles. See Les Petits Bollandistes, "Vies des Saints," tome x. , premier jour de Sep- tembre, p. 405.
80
See Rev. S. Baring-Gould's "Lives of the Saints," vol. ix. , September 1, pp. 9, 10.
81
See "Les Petits Bollandistes," tome x. , ic jour de Septembre, p. 405.
1
In process of time, the village increased so considerably in buildings, that it was con- Stitttted a prebend of St. Paul's Cathedral,
by the appellation of Mora. This preben- dary has the ninth stall on the right side of the choir in St. Paul's Cathedral. See Walter Harrison's "New and Universal Hi>tory, Description and Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, the Borough of Southwark, and their adjacent Parts," book ii. , chap, xvi. , p. 468, and n. ibid.
Si Milton was buried, where his father had been buried before him, in the Church of St. Giles, Cripplegate. See Charles Knight's "Old England," vol. ii. , book vi. , chap.
p. 155.
work just quoted, Hid. , p. 272. 88 "
See Registrum Cartarum Ecclesia'
Sancti Egidii de Edinburgh," edited by the Bannatine Club.
8' See Francis 11. Groome's "Ordnance Gazetteer of Scotland : a Survey of Scottish Topography, Statistical, Biographical, and Historical," vol. ii. , p. 515.
9° The original building was probably of small dimensions, but the parish Church of Edinburgh. See Rev. Mackenzie E. C. Walcott's " Scoti-Monasticon : the Ancient Church of Scotland," p. 363.
September i. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
of the twelfth century. Additions of aisles, transepts, chapels and a choir, were subsequently made to it; but, in 1385, it was destroyed by the Duke of Gloucester and the English who invaded
St. Giles' Cathedral, Edinburgh.
confirmed its privileges to St. Giles' by charter. 93 It contained several
chapels,94 all of which were destroyed in 1559, by the Earls of Argyle and Glencairn. After episcopacy had been abolished, looms were erected within the aisles, 1560-7,95 and in different ways was St. Giles' afterwards dese-
9t See the history of St. Giles's Church, from the churches in all parts of Scotland,
with illustrations, in Daniel Wilson's "Memorials of Edinburgh in the Olden Time," vol. ii. , chap, xi. , pp. 157 to 176.
"and in Edinburgh was that great idole, Sanct Geyle, first drowned in the North Loch, after burned, which raised no small trouble in the town. " He afterwards gives an account of the tumult, to which allusion has been made, in his " History of the Refor-
92 Through the intervention of the King
of France, after long entreaty on the part of
the clergy and people of Edinburgh. This
relic, embossed in silver, was kept among mation in Scotland," book i. , pp. 256 to 261.
the Church treasures, until the Reformation.
See " The Works of John Knox ;" collected
and edited David Laing, vol. i. , Edin- by
See Arnot's " of History
268.
93 See Maitland's ''History of Edin- burgh, 1864, 8vo.
burgh," p. 272.
94 When the rage of the Scottish Reformers _
Edinburgh," p.
« See Rev. Dr. Mackenzie E. C. Walcott's
"Scoti-Monasticon," Edinburgh, pp. 133,
against images was prevalent, on the 1st of
September, 1558, a wooden image of St.
Giles was destroyed by a mob, when borne
in procession through Edinburgh. John references illustrating its various compart- Knox relates that images were stolen away ments, previous to 1829, in Daniel Wilson's
Scotland, during the reign of King Richard II. In 1387, the re- construction of St. Giles' Church was
and for the most part it was carried out in the Early
commenced,
Gothic
which dis-
style,
tinguished that period,
although much of the
1
In 1393, King Robert III. annexed it to Scone, the Crown and Municipal Council granting sums for its restoration, at various times. The church had been a cell to Dumfermline, until refounded out of consoli- dated chapelries as a collegiate church, in 1446, by the Provost
and Magistrates. In 1454, the arm-bone of St. Giles was obtained
2
for it as a relic. 9
on the 22nd of February, 1466, King James III.
old masonry remained. 9
134-
96 There is an interesting ground plan of
St. Giles's Church, with description and
Again,
24 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [September i
crated. 00 Formerly it had the ordinary cathedral cruciform outline; but, owing to additions, alterations and curtailments, it lost nearly all trace of its original form. ? In 1829 to 1832, under the direction of Mr. Burn, it under-
8
went a very tasteless so-called renovation ;° wasproposedtorestoretheinterior,? andin1872,underthedirectionofMr. \V. Hay, the work was commenced, owing chiefly to the public spirit and
100
generous liberality of the eminent publisher, Dr. William Chambers. When the ecclesiastical changes, consequent on the establishment of Protestantism in the sixteenth century, had put an end to the old Catholic ritual in Edinburgh, and St. Giles' had become a place for plain Presbyterian worship, its long drawn aisles were not thought to be advan- tageous for the preachers of the day, and the interior of the edifice was
consequently partitioned into a number of separate places for worship. The choir was first restored in 1873 ; but, owing to various obstacles, great delay was occasioned before the renovation was finally accomplished in 1883.
St. Giles was also venerated in 101 in Fintray,
102
Moffat,
and in where Elgin,
fairs were held in his honour.
This holy servant of God is commemorated in several Martyrologies and
Calendars; asinsomeadditionstothoseofAdoandoftheVenerableBede,
in the Gallican103 and
in an ancient Franco-Gallic Martyrology, edited by Labbe,105 at the 1st of
108
"Memorials of Edinburgh in the Olden disfigured in like manner. The side chapels Time," vol. ii. , appendix, sect, xviii. , pp. were either demolished, or blocked up with
as, also,
Anglican
10* Kalendars. He
is commemorated,
IO° in a Codex of Corbie 107 and in an ancient
; manuscript
September ;
belonging to the Monastery of Lerins.
original work, the name of Saint ^Egidius does not occur, but it is to be found in many of the more modern additions to Usuard. Through the Kalendar of Sarum, St. Egidius, or Giles, finds his place in the Scottish Kalendar. In the Scottish Kalendar of Hyrdmanistoun, at the 1st of September, St. Egidius, Abbot,100 is commemorated. In Scotland he is
221 to 223.
97 On Sunday, July 23rd, 1637, when the Protestant Bishop of Edinburgh ascended the pulpit of St. Giles to introduce the English Liturgy upon the Presbyterians of Scotland, he was violently assailed by the congregation assembled. Riot after riot followed, until the great National Covenant
nned, and Rebellion succeeded. See Charles Knight's "Old England," vol. ii. , book vi. , chap, i. , pp. 174, 175.
98 The exterior of the building was then newly encased in stone, which only served
the unadorned wood-work of galleries and
pews, as was the case with the historic
Albany Aisle.
" The accompanying illustration, drawn
on the wood and engraved by Gregor Grey, has been copied from an approved etching of St. Giles' Church, before the late restora- tions had been commenced.
still further to obliterate its historic features
;
,01 " See Keith's
Aberdeen," p. 245. IOS "
View of the Diocese of
the stately old tower, surmounted by its
finely proportioned mural crown being at
1 resent the only characteristic of its external
See RegistrumEpiscopatusMoravien- sis," p. 313.
which can
ancient. At the same time, the interior underwent other changes for the worse. The massive octagonal pillars in the nave were sliced down into narrow fluted shafts, alto- gether out of keeping with the general eiiaracter of the architecture. In order t—hat
room might be made for the galleries
rather modern innovation—arches and
tals were ruthlessly cut into, and the whole building made as unlike its former state as possible. The transepts and choir were
,o3 in that of Andrew Especially
aspect,
really
be as regarded
Saussay. 10 * As in those of York and Sarum.
capi-
by Martene, " Thesauri Anecdotorum," col. 1613.
a
tomus
,o8 This has been edited
but, in the year 1867, it
In the genuine copies of Usuard's
I0°
"Memoir of William and Robert Cham- bers," by William Chambers, LL. D. , sup- plementary chapter, 1865— 1883, pp. 357 to
371, Edinburgh and London, 1893, sm- 4l o.
See that most instructive and interesting
,os See " Bibliothecas MSS," tomus ii. , p. 702.
:
,u6 There we read " Eodem die depositio
beati Egidii Abbatis. "
I0? Published in "
by D'Achery Spici-
in
legium,"
ii. , p. 17.
,0? See Bishop Forbes' " Kalendars of Scottish Saints," p. 45.
September i;] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 25 known as St. Giles. Also, in the Kalendars of Culenros110 and De Nova
"
September,
Edinburgh.
quotes he
1. 1 112
See ibid. , p. 75.
abbatis et confessoris.
111
there is a like entry. Again, it is in the Kalendar of Arbuthnot," 1
2
Farina
while in that of Aberdeen, the feast is noted as a minor duplex, *3 and entered likewise in the Martyrology of Aberdeen,"* on the same day. In his " Menologium Scoticum," Thomas Dempster has this saint also entered, at
the 1st of 1 ^ as Patron of
116
For this, he Joannes Molanus, Theologus Lovaniensis. " As Giles, he is entered at t—
11
same date, in the Scottish Kalendar. ? In the ol—Martyrology Tallagh
compiled from various ancient church calendars
for the Abbot 8 at the 1st of Egidius,"
1x
d of
there is noticed a festival
September ; it is entered 9 in the Liber Sancte Trinitatis, Dublin.
and, at the same
date,
Although spending their lives with religious ardour and steady perseverance in love and veneration, walking ever in the way of God's Commandments, animated by His graces and the grateful recollection of His supernatural favours ; yet, had the saints found time and opportunity to discharge all necessary obligations and charitable offices towards their fellow-creatures. Thus they merited that love and veneration, which was bestowed on them by men of good will while they lived, and which transmitted to posterity the
names of so many holy persons, who were eminently deserving respect and honour from succeeding generations.
Article II. —St. Neman, Bishop of Cill Bia. There are no entries made in the published Martyrology of Tallagh, from 31st of August until the 4th of September ; and therefore, the present saint's name, with that of other holy persons, is not there found recorded. However, in the copy contained in the Book of Leinster, although entries are given for the missing days, the
name of Neman is not mentioned, at the present date. The Martyrology of 1
Donegal registers a festival, at the 1st of September, in honour of Neman, Bishop, of Cill-Bia, which seems to have been one of the early small sees in Ireland. In the table which follows this record, a commentator observes, that if by him, Nemhan be understood, this name may fairly be interpreted CcdesHtms? In the Introduction to the Martyrology, it is stated, that Cill Bhi is in Connaught ;3 but, this is by no means certain. At present, it seems no easy matter to discover this place/ among the existing parish or townland denominations of Ireland. However, there is a reasonable conjecture, as Cill-Bia and Cill-mbian are not distinct denominations, and while the latter place is said to have been founded by St. Fearghus,* Bishop of Druim-Leath-
1. 0 See ibid. , p. 61.
"9 Thus, " Eodem die
See ibid. , p. 104.
113 See ibid. , p. 120.
114 The Martyrology of Aberdeen states at
the Kl\ Septembris. —"In pago Neuma- James Henthorn Todd, p. 152.
censi Sancti Egidii abbatis. "—" Proceedings
of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland," vol. ii. , p. 267.
"Kalendars of
l
Article 11. — Edited by Drs- Todd and
Reeves, pp. 232, 233.
115 See
Scottish Saints," p. 210.
Bishop
ginal
passage:
ruotfi-an,
Forbes5
" As
116 Adam King, in his Kalendar, gives this distinction at the 1st of September to
"
S. Geles, abot of Arls in Prouance, patron of Edinbourge, under Charles ye greit" See ibid, p. 161.
"7 See ibid. , p. 255.
118
Thus entered e^itm ab.
sancti Egidii, —"The Book of Obits and Martyrology of the Cathedral Church of the Holy Trinity," edited by
John Clarke Crosthwaite, and Rev. Dr.
2
note to this
from viAorh, holy, is Latinized Sanctanus, so tl email, from nerh, 'heaven,' is rendered Ccclestinus" See ibid. , pp. 458, 459.
3 See ibid. , p. xxxix.
4 Cill Bia has not been hitherto clearly identified.
5 His feast occurs on the 30th March, at which date notices of him may be seen, in
"
;
Dr. Reeves appends the following mar-
26 LIVES OE THE IRISH SAINTS.
[September i.
giaise, more commonly called Dun-da-leath-ghlas, or Down ; an ancient graveyard called Killyman, in the townland of Barnamaghery and parish of
Kilmore, in the Diocese of Down, may represent the site of the once impor- tant church of Cill-mbian, mentioned in several of our annals. In that
6
graveyard, at present, there are no remains of a church ;
of stones had been removed from it, to build a bridge over the Glasswater. It might well be expected, that Cill-mBian? —pronounced Killmian—as having been founded by one of the bishops of Down, should remain closely connectedwiththeSee; and,asKillymanwasachapelinthemensalparish of Kilmore, and probably one of seven mentioned as having belonged to it,
not unreasonably it may be regarded as the ancient Cill m-Bian.
8
If such
identification be correct, as the founder, St. Fearghus, Bishop of Downpatrick, died a. d. 583,9 the present St. Neman flourished hardly at an earlier date than the seventh century. How long Cill m-Bian or Cill-Bia continued to be the see of a bishop does not seem to be known ; for we cannot find farther allusion to it in our Irish Annals or Calendars. Neither is the name of Neman one often to be met with, 10 and certainly not in a form, to furnish probable identity with the saint there venerated. Under the head of Cill- Bia, Duald Mac Ferbis enters Nemhan, bishop of Cill-Bia, at the 1st day of September. "
Article III. —St. Cuimmen, Son of Cuanna, or Cuanach, probably AbbotofDruim-Snechta,nowDrumsnat,CountyofMonaghan. To us it seems very probable, that the present holy man was not distinct from a saint bearing the same appellation, and said to have been venerated on
1
the 4th of this month, at Drumsnat, County of Monaghan. The name of
Cuimmen, son of Cuana, or Cuanach, occurs in the Martyrologies of Tal- 2
lagh, of Marianus 0'Gorman,3 and of Donegal,* at the 1st of* September.
Article IV. —St. Sceallan, the Leper, of Armagh, County of
Armagh. Onthisday,thefeastofSt. Sceallanoccursinsomeofournative
1
Martyrologies. His memory is recorded in the Calendar of Marianus
O'Gorman.
Also,
we find entered in the of 2 that Martyrology Donegal,
the Third Volume of this work, Art. ii. I0 A Neman, Abbot of Lismore, died, A. D. The graveyard is exclusively used by 610.
Catholics, and mostly by persons of the name of Murray. It is now in the Catholic parish of Saintfield.
7 In his tract, De Quibtisdam Episcopis,
Duald MacFirbis—apparently referring to
thisChurch—hasit, "Cill-SqanduilnoCill-
bi. ui. Fergus epscop Cille-Sganduil no
bian; agus is nor sin. " Translated : Kill- Leinster, at the Kalends of this month— Sgandail or Kill-Bian: Fergus, bishop of September 1st—is entered the festival
Kill-Sgandail or Kill-Bian, and that is true. "
denominations be into may anglicised
Kilscannel and Kilbcan or Kilmean.
Comem Ab TJnom SneccAi.
* " Acta Iliber- See Colgan's Sanctorum
nke," xii. Januarii, n. 6, p. $9-
* Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
232, 233.
Article iv. —1 See Colgan's "Acta Sanc-
1
toncal Account of the Dioceses of Down and
Connor, Ancient and Modern," vol. v. , pp.
39> 4°-
See Very Rev. James O'Laverty's "His-
torum Ilibernke," xvi. Martii, n. 2, p. 628. 9»
SeeDr. O'Donovan's"AnnalsoftheFour Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. Masters," vol. i. , pp. 210, 211, and nn. (c. d. ) 232, 233.
but, a great quantity
"See " Proceedings of the Royal Irish
Academy," Irish MSS. Series, vol. i-, part
i> PP- 94> 95-
Article in. —x See "The Martyrology
of Tallagh," edited by Rev. Dr. Kelly, p. xxxiii.
2 In that copy as found in the Book of
September i. ] LIVES OF 1HE IRISH SAINTS. 27
veneration was given to Sceallan, the Leper, of Ard-Macha, or Armagh. The Irish Calendar, belonging to the Ordnance Survey Records, has a
similar entry. 3 By the Bollandists, his festival is noticed, at the 1st of Sep- tember/ This holy man seems to have borne patiently the loathsome disease, once so common in Ireland, and from which his appellation was derived. When he lived does not seem to be known, bat it was probably in the ninth or tenth century. The name of Sceallan, the Leper, of Armagh, is not found in the Martyrology of Tallagh, contained in the Book of Leinster.
Article V. —Reputed Feast of St. Sebaldus, or Sewallus. It
would appear, from the posthumous list of Manuscripts published by Charles 1
Mac Donnell, that Colgan had intended the issue of St. Sebaldus' Acts, at the
1st day of September. Making allusion to a St. Sewall, Bishop of York, in England, at this date, as said to have been noted by the English Martyr-
2 and
a. d. 1256,4 the Bollandists state,5 that he was a different person from Sewall, an Irish bishop, venerated at the 18th of May.
Article VI. —St. Failbhe, Son of Ronan, of Cluain Airbealaigh.
In that copy of the Martyrology of Tallagh, contained in the Book of
Leinster, at the Kalends of September, there is an entry of Failbe Mac
Ronain in Cluain 1 to the of 2 a Arbelaig. According Martyrology Donegal,
festival was celebrated at the 1st of September in honour of Failbhe, son of
Ronan, of Cluain Airbealaigh. He is recorded in the published Martyrology of Tallagh,3 at the 4th of September, as Failbe Mac Ronain, in Cluain Airbelaig. Thisshows,thattheremusthavebeensomeerrorofinsertionin the latter Calendar, owing perhaps to the ignorance of a scribe.
Article VII. —Translation of the Relics of St. Anatolius, at
Salins, France. Besides the festival of St. Anatolius, on the 3rd of
1
February, another is kept on the 1st of September. This latter com-
memorates a translation of his remains, at Salins. During the eleventh century, the body of St, Anatolius was removed from the original tomb, in whichithadbeendeposed. Itwasplacedintheprincipalchurch,atSalins. About 200 years later, Nicholas, who was Bishop of Besancon, from a. d. 1229 to 1235, had it moved on a 1st of September, An elegant shrine, in the same church, was destined for the reception of his remains. These were greatlyvenerated,bythefaithful. Thus200years,afterthefirstexhumation
ology,
by Ferrarias,3
as also mentioned Matthew of Westminster, at by
3 Sge-AllxMi lobA]\ 6 -Arvomaca. Sec
his episcopacy, and not to his cultus " Se-
:
wallus electus in — Eborum, archiepiscopum
consecratur ab episcopo Wigornirc. " " Flores Historiarum. "
"
3 See Acta Sanctorum," tomus i. , Sep-
tembris i. Among the pretermitted Saints, p. 4,
" Common Place
Royal Irish Academy's Library, p. 74.
4 See " Acta tomus Sanctorum,"
tembris i.
i. , Sep- Among the pretermitted Saints,
p- 3-
Article v.
—
2
However, the Bollandists could not find
*
'
Thus: mac Vailbe
Book, F. ,"
now in the
See "
Sanctorum quae MS. habentur, ordine Men-
sium et Dierum. "
such notice in any edition of Wilson's English
Martyrology.
3 In *' Catalogus Generalis Sanctorum. " 4 Matthew of Westminster only alludes to
232, 233.
3 Edited by Re—v. Dr. Kelly, p. xxxiii.
'
Article vii. See at this date, in the
Second Volume of this work, some notices of the present saint, Art. i.
Catalogus
Actuum
Article vi. —
1lon. ain 1 cluAin ^ipbetaij;.
2
Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp.
28 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS.
[September t.
and deposition of St. Anatolius' relics, by Hugo, Archbishop of BesancOD, in a magnificent tomb, at which various illustrious miracles had been wrought; Nicholas, Archbishop of Besancon, in the thirteenth century, had them removed, on the Kalends of September, and placed in a precious
2
shrine, prepared for their reception.
saint, blind, lame, mute, deaf, crippled, weak and infirm persons, were frequently restored to health. Once, when St. Anatolius' salt spring sud-
denly went dry, on bringing his sacred head thither, the water immediately
sprang forth again. Fires were extinguished, through his intercession ; demoniacs were cured ; cities were relieved from siege, and victories were obtained over enemies of the French rain and fine weather were alike
j
obtained ; while numbers, placed in imminent danger, were saved through
his invocation. Well may we deem this holy Confessor to be inscribed in
whom the " To Royal Prophet sung,
ArticleVIII. —TheSonsofCaimene. AfestivaltohonourtheSons
1
of Caimene is set down, in the Martyrology of Donegal, at the ist of Sep-
tember. Itseemsprobable,thoseholybrothersflourished,aftertheeighth
century, as they are not contained, in that copy of the Martyrology of Tallaght in the Book of Leinster, at the Kalends of September, nor in that published by the Rev. Dr. Kelly, for which day entries are missing. Their particular names do not seem to be ascertainable.
