With Thine
Archangel
to go before us
We'll march to battle and win the fight;
In hearts of Satans who triumphed o'er us
We'll plant Thy standard of victor's might!
We'll march to battle and win the fight;
In hearts of Satans who triumphed o'er us
We'll plant Thy standard of victor's might!
Poland - 1881 - Poets and Poetry of Poland
"
Thus reasoned every drop of the rain brotherhood.
*Written during the Vienna Congress, 1815.
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? GO? RECKI. 419
In consequence of this did a fearful drouth succeed,
Till one of the little drops, perceiving the earth's need,
Said: "Whether I'll help or not, I'll make a sacrifice. "
Sodownto earth she dropped from her cloud-home in the skies.
Then the heavens sent after her to the parching plain
Many more; till, drop by drop, there came a cheering rain
That revived the farmer's fields, and saved him from distress,
And made his heart o'erflow with joy and thankfulness.
'Tis noble to give a good example to others,
And make sacrifices for the good of our brothers.
SPARROWS.
A FABLE.
Old sparrows grouping on a tree,
Very learnedly conversed,
Finding fault with ev'ry bird, whate'er it be.
Hoopoo's tuft-head provoked their gossip first.
The jay, thinking he is pretty, is so vain.
The golden oriole, like the thrush, is plain.
The dove pretends modesty, but when she flies
Her aspiring flight her gentle mien belies.
The cuckoo, most selfish all the birds among,
Slips slyly in other neste her helpless young.
The bullfinch alights upon the highest tree,
Goldfinch thinks his song the finest melody.
And a crazy-head, the wagtail he flies,
As soon as the morning's light begins to rise,
Out to each nook and corner -- everywhere,
With turned-up tail and eager, prying air.
But as these birds themselves were only sparrows,
They at others shot their arrows.
But idlers they through summer sweet,
Who but consumed the farmer's wheat.
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? 420 POETS AND POETRY OB^ POLAND.
BALIN? SKI.
Charles Balin? ski was a poet in every sense of the
word. He looked into the future, and wove it into
pains and disappointments, longings and anticipations
of his own life< In this respect he resembles leaves
which, when crushed, give fragrance they could not do
before being thus destroyed.
His poems, modestly entitled "Writings of Balin? -
ski," are very well known wherever the Polish lan-
guage is spoken. Among them are contained some
compositions pertaining to the first epoch of his life,
when he was expelled to Siberia. These poems are of
remarkable beauty. " Faris, the Bard " occupies the
most prominent place. "The Prayer for a Cross" is
equally distinguished for poetic power. His transla-
tions from Calderon secured for him the first rank
among translators. Other original creations of Ba-
lin? ski, as "The Yoice of the Polish People," "A
Brotherly Word to the Songster of Mohort," "The
Cross-Road," "Penned Up," stand high in poetic
merits. The rhythmical construction of the verse and
the beauty of expression remind one of the painstak-
ing and exactness of classic poets.
A year before his death he sent a part of the poem
entitled "The Sufferings of the Redeemer" to the
library of Ossolinskis. This splendid literary produc-
tion, though incomplete, is written on a more extended
poetic scale, well and happily conceived, and rendered
with great harmony in a truly masterly manner -- a
composition which could inspire its author with a just
pride. He also left, in manuscript, sketches of Polish
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? BALIN? SKI. 421
literature, or rather the development of the national
poetic spirit, including specimens of poetic and prosaic
Polish authors.
Balin? ski was born the 27th of May, 1817, in a vil-
lage near the city of Lublin, While at the Lyceum at
Warsaw, and after the death of Arthur Zawisza, one
of the scholars wrote on the blackboard "Exoviare
nostris ex ossibus ultor. "* On account of this verse
the whole school would have been subjected to the
strictest investigation, but the noble youth (Balin? ski),
wishing the scholars of the Lyceum to go unharmed,
took the blame upon himself, and was imprisoned, but
after a thorough investigation released. However, not
long after that occurrence, he was suspected of partici-
pating in certain patriotic doings, was arrested, im-
prisoned, and finally sent to Siberia, where he re-
mained until 1844, but on the birth of the present
successor to the Russian throne he was released.
While in Siberia Charles lost not only his comely
looks, but also his health. The result of this un-
toward event was that his affianced, after seeing such
marked change in his looks, recanted her promise.
In the year 1848, being threatened with another perse-
cution, he fled into Galicia (Austria), then into the
Duchy of Posen, and at last found a shelter in France,
devoting himself to poetry and literary labors. In
1863 he returned to his native land to take care of his
brother, who was severely wounded, and lay very ill
at Cracow From here he went to Lemberg, and
found generous assistance in his literary pursuits.
The columns of "The Annals of Ossolin? skis' Library 1 '
having been opened to him, he continued his poem
"Life and Death of the Redeemer," but death pre-
* May an avenger arise from our bones.
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? 422 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND-
vented its finishing. He died on the 10th of January,
1864. He was a near relative of Balin? ski the histo-
rian.
His "Writings" were published at Posen, 1849;
"A Few Literary Labors, 1 ' Warsaw, 1846; "Tales for
the People,'' Warsaw, 1846; "Brotherly Word," Lon-
don, 1857; "A Collection of Poetry," 1856; "The
Sufferings of the Redeemer," Lemberg, 1864, etc. etc.
EXILED PRAYER IN THE SPRING
Our Father! Thou hast brought the spring again;
Again Thy hand strews gifts and makes us glad ;
Joyful in rich profusion smiles the plain,
Yet Father, we are sad!
The winter gloom has swiftly winged away,
The heavens above us don their clearest blue;
But with the grass that springs in fresh array
No hopes for us renew.
Earth hears the birds that throng in joyous troops, ,
Reviving dew upon her bosom lies;
Behold the primrose of our hope! it droops --
For lack of dew it dies !
Birds in returning home beyond the sea
Dip wings with tuneful song in ocean's foam ;
But we, poor pilgrims -- when, alas! shall we
Returning find a home?
The new sun lighting up the world to-day
Makes beautiful earth's bosom cold and stark
But for the exiled sheds no cheering ray --
All, all for us is dark!
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? BALIN? SKI. 423
But we, so long as any strength is left,
Will with sad hearts united as in one
Pray with the voice of millions thus bereft,
Give us more sun -- more sun !
WHAT'S THE USE OF DREAMING?
What's the use of our love-dreams
Of plucking roses -- promise beams?
Roses shun our quest;
Now here like the migrating bird
We are on the outpost afterward --
There perchance to rest.
Hearts, cease your dreaming! it is wrong;
Bearing our cross with cheerful song,
As to a dance go;
No more the sword-hilt we shall clasp,
But hands shall say in friendly grasp
God sends joy below.
Pleasure may come to us at last;
Thou knowest, God, the future vast --
What will meet us there;
Thou knowest to whom smiles are dear,
And whose grave in the coming year
Flowers shall make fair.
THE LIVING CORPSE.
Near a city there is a grave;
Sadly Vistula, wave on wave,
By it ripples, but in. the mound,
Look you! a living corpse is found.
Do not wonder -- the world is rife
With life in death and death in life.
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? 424 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
The corpse looks forth and courage takes,
Sees the people pass to and fro;
Friends' kind faces that come and go,
Newly hope in his heart awakes.
They come to see me then, said he,
EvVy one sighs and thinks of me.
But thinking naught about the dead,
Pass the people with rapid tread ;
Life is short -- it were all in vain
To fill their time with thoughts of pain.
Let the dead rest in peace, they say
And let who lives enjoy his day!
At last one comes, nor passes by
He gazes mournfully around,
Throws a flower upon the mound --
His brow is pale and sad his eye,
Yet hastes he on as others do;
Is he afraid of corpses, too?
Then thought the corpse -- oh, thanks to thee
My brother, none have thought of me,
But all have coldly passed me by,
Light of heart, with averted eye,
All save thou alone, moaned he.
Alas! they've all forgotten me. "
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? KORNEL UJEJSKI. 42f)
KORNEL UJEJSKI.
Kornel Ujejski, the bosom friend of one of the
most renowned Polish poets (Julius S? owacki), was
born in 1823 in the county of Czortkow, in Galicia.
He wrote with great perspicuity and finish. His poems
are very chaste and classic. The poem written on the
death of Adam Mickiewicz only increased his celebrity
as a poet. His lt Enamored Bride,'' u The Dreadful
Night," ''The Funeral March, " and the biblical melo-
dies "Rebecca and Jeremiah"; as also the "Plough
and the Sword," are contributions to the Polish litera-
ture of the greatest value. We may also add that he
is the author of 1 ' The Flowers Without Fragrance,"
"The Withered Leaves," -- compositions of great
popularity; but the most popular poetical production
of Ujejski, known and sung as it were in every palace
and cottage, is his "Hymn of Complaint" -- "Z Dy-
mem Poz? aro? w," -- which was written during the ter-
rible uprising of the peasantry, instigated by rascally
officials, in Galicia in 1846, when towns and villages
were burned and sacked by the infuriated mob.
At this present time he occupies the honorable posi-
tion of a member of the Chamber of Deputies in
Vienna, Austria. Mr. Ujejski is a gentleman of high
scholarly attainments, urbane and childlike in manner,
and highly respected by all classes of his countrymen.
Editions of his works in the Polish language have been
published in London, Paris, Leipsic, and Posen.
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? 426 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
HYMN OF COMPLAINT.
(Z Dymem Poz? aro? w).
' With smoke of burning -- with blood outpouring,
O Lord! our voice we raise to-day
In fearful wailing, in last imploring,
In bitter sorrow that turns us gray!
Songs without murmur we have no longer,
Pierced are our temples with thorny bands,
Like Thy monuments of wrath grown stronger,
To Thee imploring we raise our liands!
O Lord! how often Thy hand has scourged us, --
Our red wounds bleeding and yet unhealed ;
We sought Thee vainly when anguish urged us:
Thou art our Father, and Thou shouldst shield.
But when we call Thee with hearts confiding
Then does the mocker, with fury shod,
Trample upon us and ask, deriding,
Where is that Father? where is that God?
We search the heavens for sign or token,
But suns of omen no signs unfold;
The silent azure is only broken
By eagle pinions that soared of old!
Our dreams grow fearful -- with shadows teeming,-
By doubts distracting our souls are stirred;
By hearts that suffer not rash blaspheming,
Judge us, O judge not each frenzied word!
O Lord! what horrors, what woes surround us!
What days of terror upon us come!
The Cains are many whose deeds confound us,
The blood of brothers will not be dumb!
But judge not sternly, -- their eyes are blinded,
Nor see the evil they do, O Lord!
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? KORNEL UJEJSKI. 427
O punish instead the baser minded
Who roused the anger that grasped the sword!
In our misfortunes Thou still dost hold us
Close to Thy bosom. We pray for rest
Like birds grown weary: -- Thy pinions fold us,
Thy stars shine over our household nest.
Thy future favor reveal unto us,
Thy hand protecting above us spread;
Let flow'rs of sufFring to slumber woo us,
And sorrow's halo surround the head !
With Thine Archangel to go before us
We'll march to battle and win the fight;
In hearts of Satans who triumphed o'er us
We'll plant Thy standard of victor's might!
Then erring brethren -- of error shriven
At Freedom's symbol their knee shall bow;
To vile blasphemers -- the answer given,
" God is almighty and reigneth now ! "
UNDER THE GROUND.
(Pod Ziemie-- Pod Zicmig. )
Under ground, under ground, -- far away from the crowd,
Let me seek for a peaceable corner;
bis laughter disturbs me -- this voice is too
That sound is like the voice of a mourner.
I would heap on my threshold sharp thorns to repel,
Place neai it a lion for warder;
All alone with my thoughts undisturbed I would dwell,
With only my God for recorder.
Around me this every-day prattling should cease,
All voices of slander and scheming;
Naught to darken the light of my sweet reverie
When, hand on my head, I am dreaming.
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? 428 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
bow happy to rest from this turmoil, away
From cynical sneers, -- a calm sleeper,
Hearing not of the envies -- the feuds of the day,
Or who in the mire has sunk deeper.
1 am happier far in beholding them not,
Our souls are so widely unmated;
That I shame when I look on their nature's foul blot
To be in man's image created.
My hand seldom meets in this sycophant throng
The pressure of. brotherly fingers,
And I feel in my heart while its pride surges strong
That I am the last of God's singers.
Surround me with quiet and stillness, -- surround,
Save but for the kindred outpouring
Of spirits, who soaring on pinions unbound
Break out into tuneful imploring.
Where no one will enter to listen to me,
Where silence around me shall hover:
Six feet under ground let my resting-place be,
With one narrow board for the cover.
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? 1GNATZ IIO? OWLN? SKl. 4l M ,)
IGNATZ HO? O WIN? SK I.
Ignatz Ho? owiN? SKi, Archbishop of Mohilev, and
metropolite? of Roman Catholic churches in the Rus-
sian empire. He was born in 1807, in Volhynia. In
1825 he entered the seminary at Euck, and after finish-
ing his theological studies at Wilno die became a chap-
lain in 1831. In 1839 he made a pilgrimage to the
Holy Land, and in 1842 was made a rector to the
Roman Catholic academy at St. Petersburg. In 1848
he was named a bishop; three years later (1851) lie
was advanced to the high office of Archbishop of
Mohilev. He died 7th of October, 1855.
Among his works we can mention: "Relations of
Philosophy to Religion and Civilization,' 1 and several
poetical compositions of great merit. He was not only
a good poet, but also a distinguished orator. How
deeply and effectively he could work upon the feelings
of his congregation, the orator at his funeral, who
knew him personally, said: "From his lips breathed
the Holy Spirit, and his powerful eloquence bore down
and crushed superstition and unbelief. He softened
the hardest hearts, and awakened from deadly lethargy
the most obdurate sinners. He warmed with his piety,
and those who shed tears he carried them up to
heaven. "
His sermons are the deepest treatises of subjects
he tried to preach, and they were delivered in the
purest and most charming eloquence.
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? 430 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
THE ORPHAN.
Hard, indeed, is the orphan's life.
The orphaned soul has much to dread;
To labor on with heart at strife,
To earn the bitter crust of bread.
Oh, fearful lot with sorrow rife!
Little Josie was left alone
In her fifth year, -- bereaved too young.
She from that time had only known
The charity from strangers wrung.
God! save all beneath Thy heaven
From charity by strangers given.
Though pretty as a flower to see,
Her soul with richest virtue fraught,
What hand is offered helpingly?
Who for the orphan taketh thought?
Whether her face be bright with glee,
Or tears arise from sadd'ning thought,
Poor orphan ! all is wrong, -- for she
Can satisfy or please in naught.
Parents in this God's world below
Caress the children that He gives,
But she for whom no parent lives
Doth grieve for all she must forego.
While all things smile for those around,
In homes by hope, with blossoms crowned.
For her alone the world is drear,
The faces 'round her strange and cold;
What flowers upon her path unfold
She plucks and wets with many a tear.
Love, sympathy, for her are not.
Oh, dreary is the orphan's lot!
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? IGNATZ 110? 0WINSKI. 481
When the world shunn'd her in neglect,
Her soul she raised in fervent prayers, --
In heaven her consolation sought, --
In Him who for the orphan cares,
The only happiness she knew
Her sweetest moments were when she
Would kneel beside her mother's grave
And pray to God most fervently.
And it was then that the white dove
Direct from heaven to her drew near,
Caressed her with its snowy wing,
Coo'd tenderly within her ear.
Driving her sorrows all away,
Until her heart with joy would swell,
And then the bird would gather up
The tears that from her eyelids fell,
And gently fluttering her wings,
Carry them up to paradise.
Whether her mother's spirit bore
These tears to God from out her eyes
Who knows? but after every prayer
This scene, repeated, strengthened her,
For further struggles with her fate
She stronger grew and readier.
But when she reached her sixteenth year
They wearied of her where she dwelt,
And on her coldly shut the door,
So by her mother's grave she knelt,
Dewed it with tears in farewell shed,
Then turning from her native place
She followed where her vision led.
Not far beyond the forest road
There rose a castle grand and gray,
On either side the river flowed,
And further on a village lav.
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? 432 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
With two attendants at his side
Its lord was riding, pensive eyed,
Across the bridge. Though young, a trace
Of sadness lingered on his face.
Then slackening his horse's rein,
In silent thought he seemed to brood;
Slow paced the steed with drooping mane,
As though he shared his master's mood.
And thus, in melancholy-wise
He neared a grove that lay apart
And lifting up his downcast eyes,
Fear took possession of his heart.
For he beheld a stranger maid, --
Who walked with folded hands and prayed,
By white-robed angels circled round,'
And in their midst, with heavenly mien,
One clad in robes of brightest sheen, --
Her brow with starry halo crowned.
The youth gazed, wonderstruck, and saw
How from the maiden's lips, at close
Of every prayer, -- oh, sight of awe! --
Came forth a beautiful red rose.
How with each Ave Maria said
Fell from her lips a lily white,
And these the angels gathered
? And wove into a chaplet bright,
And offered it unto their queen,
Who placed it with a smile serene
Upon the orphan's bended head.
Then passed the vision from his eyes,
With fragrance left of paradise.
The young man fell upon his knees
Before the maiden then, as she,
O'ercome by fear, had turned to flee
Because that she was unaware
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? ignatz ho? owin? ski. 433
Of all these heavenly mysteries
That happened round her while at prayer.
" Oh, do not be alarmed, but stay,"
Cried the abashed and trembling youth.
" God's mercy sent you here this day
A consolation sweet, -- in truth.
Hear me while I recount to you
How two brief years ago it was,
Heaven took my parents hence; I, too,
Up to this hour have mourned, -- alas!
With tears that still mine eyes bedew.
So deeply was the burden laid
On me, my life began to fade.
But listen: last night in a dream
My parents came and said to me:
1 Oh, why oppose God's will supreme
In mourning thus incessantly?
Know then that we are happier here
Than when we lingered on the earth,
That thou didst love us and revere?
God will reward thee; though the maid
That for thy wife He destineth
Is poor and but of humble birth.
His mother, unto whom she prayed,
Will stoop and crown her with a wreath. '
And I indeed nave witnessed how,
Amid an angel band but now,
She placed the wreath upon thy brow. "
Trembling the maiden looked at him,
While blushes dried each falling tear,
Then as from spheres of seraphim
Came down the snowy plumaged dove
To whisper words of peace and love
Into the orphan's listening ear.
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? 434 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
Then Josie raised the youth, who still
Kneeled waiting humbly at her feet,
And faltered in confusion sweet:
" God's will be done if 'tis His will. "
And long before the day was done
Beside the little chapel's shrine
The youth and maid together stood.
God joined forevermore as one.
And Josie to her life's decline
Relieved the wants of orphanhood.
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? KRASZEWSKI.
436
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? KRASZEWSKI. 437
KRASZEWSKI.
Joseph Ignatz Kraszewski, born in 1812, is one of
the most prolific not only of Polish litterateurs, but of
the world. Only Lopez de Yega and Pere Dumas
could approach him in literary fertility. Incredible as
it may appear, over two hundred volumes of his
miscellaneous writings have been published; and still
more astonishing, that all of them are works of great
erudition and merit. The most discriminating critic
could hardly designate which is the best
But that is not all: Kraszewski, who at the present
writing of this biographical sketch resides in Dresden,
? Saxony, is a man of rare qualities of the heart and
mind, respected and honored not only by his own
countrymen, but also by all the literary men of the
world who are personally acquainted with him. His
literary creations always aimed to correct the heart and
the spirit of his nationality, and to lift up the heart
and the spirit of humanity at large. It is for these
reasons that the heart of the Polish Nation justly
swells with pride that Kraszewski is a Pole, and the
son of the same country as themselves.
Kraszewski labored in almost all branches of litera-
ture, and whatever he wrote he wrote upon the founda-
tion of truth; truly it may be said that the famous
Amalthea was always standing by his side with her
" Horn of Plenty," and poured out the poet's thoughts
gracefully and with a generous profusion.
The most extraordinary phenomenon in the history
of Kraszewski's life is the ovation which he received
year before last (1879) in the city of Cracow, on the
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? 438 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
fiftieth anniversary of his great literary labors. Hun-
dreds, and we may say thousands, without distinction
of creeds, parties, or opinions, turned out to greet this
distinguished veteran of literature, and this great na-
tional demonstration lasted for several days. Two
monarchs honored him with tokens of their esteem.
Kraszewski received these congratulations with mod-
esty becoming a great man, representing a great peo-
ple. This great celebration was also participated in
by many distinguished representatives of other nation-
alities; and the interesting fact will go down into his-
tory that the pulse of the Polish national heart beat
in the year 1879 with as much patriotic fervor as in the
days of Poland's glory or her -- misfortunes!
We may add here that the memorable event was
also celebrated by the Poles almost all over the United
States of America. In the city of Chicago especially
the celebration, under the auspices of two Polish socie-
ties -- "Gmina Polska in Chicago,' 7 and "Kos?
Thus reasoned every drop of the rain brotherhood.
*Written during the Vienna Congress, 1815.
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? GO? RECKI. 419
In consequence of this did a fearful drouth succeed,
Till one of the little drops, perceiving the earth's need,
Said: "Whether I'll help or not, I'll make a sacrifice. "
Sodownto earth she dropped from her cloud-home in the skies.
Then the heavens sent after her to the parching plain
Many more; till, drop by drop, there came a cheering rain
That revived the farmer's fields, and saved him from distress,
And made his heart o'erflow with joy and thankfulness.
'Tis noble to give a good example to others,
And make sacrifices for the good of our brothers.
SPARROWS.
A FABLE.
Old sparrows grouping on a tree,
Very learnedly conversed,
Finding fault with ev'ry bird, whate'er it be.
Hoopoo's tuft-head provoked their gossip first.
The jay, thinking he is pretty, is so vain.
The golden oriole, like the thrush, is plain.
The dove pretends modesty, but when she flies
Her aspiring flight her gentle mien belies.
The cuckoo, most selfish all the birds among,
Slips slyly in other neste her helpless young.
The bullfinch alights upon the highest tree,
Goldfinch thinks his song the finest melody.
And a crazy-head, the wagtail he flies,
As soon as the morning's light begins to rise,
Out to each nook and corner -- everywhere,
With turned-up tail and eager, prying air.
But as these birds themselves were only sparrows,
They at others shot their arrows.
But idlers they through summer sweet,
Who but consumed the farmer's wheat.
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? 420 POETS AND POETRY OB^ POLAND.
BALIN? SKI.
Charles Balin? ski was a poet in every sense of the
word. He looked into the future, and wove it into
pains and disappointments, longings and anticipations
of his own life< In this respect he resembles leaves
which, when crushed, give fragrance they could not do
before being thus destroyed.
His poems, modestly entitled "Writings of Balin? -
ski," are very well known wherever the Polish lan-
guage is spoken. Among them are contained some
compositions pertaining to the first epoch of his life,
when he was expelled to Siberia. These poems are of
remarkable beauty. " Faris, the Bard " occupies the
most prominent place. "The Prayer for a Cross" is
equally distinguished for poetic power. His transla-
tions from Calderon secured for him the first rank
among translators. Other original creations of Ba-
lin? ski, as "The Yoice of the Polish People," "A
Brotherly Word to the Songster of Mohort," "The
Cross-Road," "Penned Up," stand high in poetic
merits. The rhythmical construction of the verse and
the beauty of expression remind one of the painstak-
ing and exactness of classic poets.
A year before his death he sent a part of the poem
entitled "The Sufferings of the Redeemer" to the
library of Ossolinskis. This splendid literary produc-
tion, though incomplete, is written on a more extended
poetic scale, well and happily conceived, and rendered
with great harmony in a truly masterly manner -- a
composition which could inspire its author with a just
pride. He also left, in manuscript, sketches of Polish
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? BALIN? SKI. 421
literature, or rather the development of the national
poetic spirit, including specimens of poetic and prosaic
Polish authors.
Balin? ski was born the 27th of May, 1817, in a vil-
lage near the city of Lublin, While at the Lyceum at
Warsaw, and after the death of Arthur Zawisza, one
of the scholars wrote on the blackboard "Exoviare
nostris ex ossibus ultor. "* On account of this verse
the whole school would have been subjected to the
strictest investigation, but the noble youth (Balin? ski),
wishing the scholars of the Lyceum to go unharmed,
took the blame upon himself, and was imprisoned, but
after a thorough investigation released. However, not
long after that occurrence, he was suspected of partici-
pating in certain patriotic doings, was arrested, im-
prisoned, and finally sent to Siberia, where he re-
mained until 1844, but on the birth of the present
successor to the Russian throne he was released.
While in Siberia Charles lost not only his comely
looks, but also his health. The result of this un-
toward event was that his affianced, after seeing such
marked change in his looks, recanted her promise.
In the year 1848, being threatened with another perse-
cution, he fled into Galicia (Austria), then into the
Duchy of Posen, and at last found a shelter in France,
devoting himself to poetry and literary labors. In
1863 he returned to his native land to take care of his
brother, who was severely wounded, and lay very ill
at Cracow From here he went to Lemberg, and
found generous assistance in his literary pursuits.
The columns of "The Annals of Ossolin? skis' Library 1 '
having been opened to him, he continued his poem
"Life and Death of the Redeemer," but death pre-
* May an avenger arise from our bones.
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? 422 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND-
vented its finishing. He died on the 10th of January,
1864. He was a near relative of Balin? ski the histo-
rian.
His "Writings" were published at Posen, 1849;
"A Few Literary Labors, 1 ' Warsaw, 1846; "Tales for
the People,'' Warsaw, 1846; "Brotherly Word," Lon-
don, 1857; "A Collection of Poetry," 1856; "The
Sufferings of the Redeemer," Lemberg, 1864, etc. etc.
EXILED PRAYER IN THE SPRING
Our Father! Thou hast brought the spring again;
Again Thy hand strews gifts and makes us glad ;
Joyful in rich profusion smiles the plain,
Yet Father, we are sad!
The winter gloom has swiftly winged away,
The heavens above us don their clearest blue;
But with the grass that springs in fresh array
No hopes for us renew.
Earth hears the birds that throng in joyous troops, ,
Reviving dew upon her bosom lies;
Behold the primrose of our hope! it droops --
For lack of dew it dies !
Birds in returning home beyond the sea
Dip wings with tuneful song in ocean's foam ;
But we, poor pilgrims -- when, alas! shall we
Returning find a home?
The new sun lighting up the world to-day
Makes beautiful earth's bosom cold and stark
But for the exiled sheds no cheering ray --
All, all for us is dark!
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? BALIN? SKI. 423
But we, so long as any strength is left,
Will with sad hearts united as in one
Pray with the voice of millions thus bereft,
Give us more sun -- more sun !
WHAT'S THE USE OF DREAMING?
What's the use of our love-dreams
Of plucking roses -- promise beams?
Roses shun our quest;
Now here like the migrating bird
We are on the outpost afterward --
There perchance to rest.
Hearts, cease your dreaming! it is wrong;
Bearing our cross with cheerful song,
As to a dance go;
No more the sword-hilt we shall clasp,
But hands shall say in friendly grasp
God sends joy below.
Pleasure may come to us at last;
Thou knowest, God, the future vast --
What will meet us there;
Thou knowest to whom smiles are dear,
And whose grave in the coming year
Flowers shall make fair.
THE LIVING CORPSE.
Near a city there is a grave;
Sadly Vistula, wave on wave,
By it ripples, but in. the mound,
Look you! a living corpse is found.
Do not wonder -- the world is rife
With life in death and death in life.
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? 424 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
The corpse looks forth and courage takes,
Sees the people pass to and fro;
Friends' kind faces that come and go,
Newly hope in his heart awakes.
They come to see me then, said he,
EvVy one sighs and thinks of me.
But thinking naught about the dead,
Pass the people with rapid tread ;
Life is short -- it were all in vain
To fill their time with thoughts of pain.
Let the dead rest in peace, they say
And let who lives enjoy his day!
At last one comes, nor passes by
He gazes mournfully around,
Throws a flower upon the mound --
His brow is pale and sad his eye,
Yet hastes he on as others do;
Is he afraid of corpses, too?
Then thought the corpse -- oh, thanks to thee
My brother, none have thought of me,
But all have coldly passed me by,
Light of heart, with averted eye,
All save thou alone, moaned he.
Alas! they've all forgotten me. "
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? KORNEL UJEJSKI. 42f)
KORNEL UJEJSKI.
Kornel Ujejski, the bosom friend of one of the
most renowned Polish poets (Julius S? owacki), was
born in 1823 in the county of Czortkow, in Galicia.
He wrote with great perspicuity and finish. His poems
are very chaste and classic. The poem written on the
death of Adam Mickiewicz only increased his celebrity
as a poet. His lt Enamored Bride,'' u The Dreadful
Night," ''The Funeral March, " and the biblical melo-
dies "Rebecca and Jeremiah"; as also the "Plough
and the Sword," are contributions to the Polish litera-
ture of the greatest value. We may also add that he
is the author of 1 ' The Flowers Without Fragrance,"
"The Withered Leaves," -- compositions of great
popularity; but the most popular poetical production
of Ujejski, known and sung as it were in every palace
and cottage, is his "Hymn of Complaint" -- "Z Dy-
mem Poz? aro? w," -- which was written during the ter-
rible uprising of the peasantry, instigated by rascally
officials, in Galicia in 1846, when towns and villages
were burned and sacked by the infuriated mob.
At this present time he occupies the honorable posi-
tion of a member of the Chamber of Deputies in
Vienna, Austria. Mr. Ujejski is a gentleman of high
scholarly attainments, urbane and childlike in manner,
and highly respected by all classes of his countrymen.
Editions of his works in the Polish language have been
published in London, Paris, Leipsic, and Posen.
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? 426 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
HYMN OF COMPLAINT.
(Z Dymem Poz? aro? w).
' With smoke of burning -- with blood outpouring,
O Lord! our voice we raise to-day
In fearful wailing, in last imploring,
In bitter sorrow that turns us gray!
Songs without murmur we have no longer,
Pierced are our temples with thorny bands,
Like Thy monuments of wrath grown stronger,
To Thee imploring we raise our liands!
O Lord! how often Thy hand has scourged us, --
Our red wounds bleeding and yet unhealed ;
We sought Thee vainly when anguish urged us:
Thou art our Father, and Thou shouldst shield.
But when we call Thee with hearts confiding
Then does the mocker, with fury shod,
Trample upon us and ask, deriding,
Where is that Father? where is that God?
We search the heavens for sign or token,
But suns of omen no signs unfold;
The silent azure is only broken
By eagle pinions that soared of old!
Our dreams grow fearful -- with shadows teeming,-
By doubts distracting our souls are stirred;
By hearts that suffer not rash blaspheming,
Judge us, O judge not each frenzied word!
O Lord! what horrors, what woes surround us!
What days of terror upon us come!
The Cains are many whose deeds confound us,
The blood of brothers will not be dumb!
But judge not sternly, -- their eyes are blinded,
Nor see the evil they do, O Lord!
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? KORNEL UJEJSKI. 427
O punish instead the baser minded
Who roused the anger that grasped the sword!
In our misfortunes Thou still dost hold us
Close to Thy bosom. We pray for rest
Like birds grown weary: -- Thy pinions fold us,
Thy stars shine over our household nest.
Thy future favor reveal unto us,
Thy hand protecting above us spread;
Let flow'rs of sufFring to slumber woo us,
And sorrow's halo surround the head !
With Thine Archangel to go before us
We'll march to battle and win the fight;
In hearts of Satans who triumphed o'er us
We'll plant Thy standard of victor's might!
Then erring brethren -- of error shriven
At Freedom's symbol their knee shall bow;
To vile blasphemers -- the answer given,
" God is almighty and reigneth now ! "
UNDER THE GROUND.
(Pod Ziemie-- Pod Zicmig. )
Under ground, under ground, -- far away from the crowd,
Let me seek for a peaceable corner;
bis laughter disturbs me -- this voice is too
That sound is like the voice of a mourner.
I would heap on my threshold sharp thorns to repel,
Place neai it a lion for warder;
All alone with my thoughts undisturbed I would dwell,
With only my God for recorder.
Around me this every-day prattling should cease,
All voices of slander and scheming;
Naught to darken the light of my sweet reverie
When, hand on my head, I am dreaming.
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? 428 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
bow happy to rest from this turmoil, away
From cynical sneers, -- a calm sleeper,
Hearing not of the envies -- the feuds of the day,
Or who in the mire has sunk deeper.
1 am happier far in beholding them not,
Our souls are so widely unmated;
That I shame when I look on their nature's foul blot
To be in man's image created.
My hand seldom meets in this sycophant throng
The pressure of. brotherly fingers,
And I feel in my heart while its pride surges strong
That I am the last of God's singers.
Surround me with quiet and stillness, -- surround,
Save but for the kindred outpouring
Of spirits, who soaring on pinions unbound
Break out into tuneful imploring.
Where no one will enter to listen to me,
Where silence around me shall hover:
Six feet under ground let my resting-place be,
With one narrow board for the cover.
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? 1GNATZ IIO? OWLN? SKl. 4l M ,)
IGNATZ HO? O WIN? SK I.
Ignatz Ho? owiN? SKi, Archbishop of Mohilev, and
metropolite? of Roman Catholic churches in the Rus-
sian empire. He was born in 1807, in Volhynia. In
1825 he entered the seminary at Euck, and after finish-
ing his theological studies at Wilno die became a chap-
lain in 1831. In 1839 he made a pilgrimage to the
Holy Land, and in 1842 was made a rector to the
Roman Catholic academy at St. Petersburg. In 1848
he was named a bishop; three years later (1851) lie
was advanced to the high office of Archbishop of
Mohilev. He died 7th of October, 1855.
Among his works we can mention: "Relations of
Philosophy to Religion and Civilization,' 1 and several
poetical compositions of great merit. He was not only
a good poet, but also a distinguished orator. How
deeply and effectively he could work upon the feelings
of his congregation, the orator at his funeral, who
knew him personally, said: "From his lips breathed
the Holy Spirit, and his powerful eloquence bore down
and crushed superstition and unbelief. He softened
the hardest hearts, and awakened from deadly lethargy
the most obdurate sinners. He warmed with his piety,
and those who shed tears he carried them up to
heaven. "
His sermons are the deepest treatises of subjects
he tried to preach, and they were delivered in the
purest and most charming eloquence.
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? 430 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
THE ORPHAN.
Hard, indeed, is the orphan's life.
The orphaned soul has much to dread;
To labor on with heart at strife,
To earn the bitter crust of bread.
Oh, fearful lot with sorrow rife!
Little Josie was left alone
In her fifth year, -- bereaved too young.
She from that time had only known
The charity from strangers wrung.
God! save all beneath Thy heaven
From charity by strangers given.
Though pretty as a flower to see,
Her soul with richest virtue fraught,
What hand is offered helpingly?
Who for the orphan taketh thought?
Whether her face be bright with glee,
Or tears arise from sadd'ning thought,
Poor orphan ! all is wrong, -- for she
Can satisfy or please in naught.
Parents in this God's world below
Caress the children that He gives,
But she for whom no parent lives
Doth grieve for all she must forego.
While all things smile for those around,
In homes by hope, with blossoms crowned.
For her alone the world is drear,
The faces 'round her strange and cold;
What flowers upon her path unfold
She plucks and wets with many a tear.
Love, sympathy, for her are not.
Oh, dreary is the orphan's lot!
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? IGNATZ 110? 0WINSKI. 481
When the world shunn'd her in neglect,
Her soul she raised in fervent prayers, --
In heaven her consolation sought, --
In Him who for the orphan cares,
The only happiness she knew
Her sweetest moments were when she
Would kneel beside her mother's grave
And pray to God most fervently.
And it was then that the white dove
Direct from heaven to her drew near,
Caressed her with its snowy wing,
Coo'd tenderly within her ear.
Driving her sorrows all away,
Until her heart with joy would swell,
And then the bird would gather up
The tears that from her eyelids fell,
And gently fluttering her wings,
Carry them up to paradise.
Whether her mother's spirit bore
These tears to God from out her eyes
Who knows? but after every prayer
This scene, repeated, strengthened her,
For further struggles with her fate
She stronger grew and readier.
But when she reached her sixteenth year
They wearied of her where she dwelt,
And on her coldly shut the door,
So by her mother's grave she knelt,
Dewed it with tears in farewell shed,
Then turning from her native place
She followed where her vision led.
Not far beyond the forest road
There rose a castle grand and gray,
On either side the river flowed,
And further on a village lav.
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? 432 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
With two attendants at his side
Its lord was riding, pensive eyed,
Across the bridge. Though young, a trace
Of sadness lingered on his face.
Then slackening his horse's rein,
In silent thought he seemed to brood;
Slow paced the steed with drooping mane,
As though he shared his master's mood.
And thus, in melancholy-wise
He neared a grove that lay apart
And lifting up his downcast eyes,
Fear took possession of his heart.
For he beheld a stranger maid, --
Who walked with folded hands and prayed,
By white-robed angels circled round,'
And in their midst, with heavenly mien,
One clad in robes of brightest sheen, --
Her brow with starry halo crowned.
The youth gazed, wonderstruck, and saw
How from the maiden's lips, at close
Of every prayer, -- oh, sight of awe! --
Came forth a beautiful red rose.
How with each Ave Maria said
Fell from her lips a lily white,
And these the angels gathered
? And wove into a chaplet bright,
And offered it unto their queen,
Who placed it with a smile serene
Upon the orphan's bended head.
Then passed the vision from his eyes,
With fragrance left of paradise.
The young man fell upon his knees
Before the maiden then, as she,
O'ercome by fear, had turned to flee
Because that she was unaware
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? ignatz ho? owin? ski. 433
Of all these heavenly mysteries
That happened round her while at prayer.
" Oh, do not be alarmed, but stay,"
Cried the abashed and trembling youth.
" God's mercy sent you here this day
A consolation sweet, -- in truth.
Hear me while I recount to you
How two brief years ago it was,
Heaven took my parents hence; I, too,
Up to this hour have mourned, -- alas!
With tears that still mine eyes bedew.
So deeply was the burden laid
On me, my life began to fade.
But listen: last night in a dream
My parents came and said to me:
1 Oh, why oppose God's will supreme
In mourning thus incessantly?
Know then that we are happier here
Than when we lingered on the earth,
That thou didst love us and revere?
God will reward thee; though the maid
That for thy wife He destineth
Is poor and but of humble birth.
His mother, unto whom she prayed,
Will stoop and crown her with a wreath. '
And I indeed nave witnessed how,
Amid an angel band but now,
She placed the wreath upon thy brow. "
Trembling the maiden looked at him,
While blushes dried each falling tear,
Then as from spheres of seraphim
Came down the snowy plumaged dove
To whisper words of peace and love
Into the orphan's listening ear.
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? 434 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
Then Josie raised the youth, who still
Kneeled waiting humbly at her feet,
And faltered in confusion sweet:
" God's will be done if 'tis His will. "
And long before the day was done
Beside the little chapel's shrine
The youth and maid together stood.
God joined forevermore as one.
And Josie to her life's decline
Relieved the wants of orphanhood.
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? KRASZEWSKI.
436
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? KRASZEWSKI. 437
KRASZEWSKI.
Joseph Ignatz Kraszewski, born in 1812, is one of
the most prolific not only of Polish litterateurs, but of
the world. Only Lopez de Yega and Pere Dumas
could approach him in literary fertility. Incredible as
it may appear, over two hundred volumes of his
miscellaneous writings have been published; and still
more astonishing, that all of them are works of great
erudition and merit. The most discriminating critic
could hardly designate which is the best
But that is not all: Kraszewski, who at the present
writing of this biographical sketch resides in Dresden,
? Saxony, is a man of rare qualities of the heart and
mind, respected and honored not only by his own
countrymen, but also by all the literary men of the
world who are personally acquainted with him. His
literary creations always aimed to correct the heart and
the spirit of his nationality, and to lift up the heart
and the spirit of humanity at large. It is for these
reasons that the heart of the Polish Nation justly
swells with pride that Kraszewski is a Pole, and the
son of the same country as themselves.
Kraszewski labored in almost all branches of litera-
ture, and whatever he wrote he wrote upon the founda-
tion of truth; truly it may be said that the famous
Amalthea was always standing by his side with her
" Horn of Plenty," and poured out the poet's thoughts
gracefully and with a generous profusion.
The most extraordinary phenomenon in the history
of Kraszewski's life is the ovation which he received
year before last (1879) in the city of Cracow, on the
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? 438 POETS AND POETRY OF POLAND.
fiftieth anniversary of his great literary labors. Hun-
dreds, and we may say thousands, without distinction
of creeds, parties, or opinions, turned out to greet this
distinguished veteran of literature, and this great na-
tional demonstration lasted for several days. Two
monarchs honored him with tokens of their esteem.
Kraszewski received these congratulations with mod-
esty becoming a great man, representing a great peo-
ple. This great celebration was also participated in
by many distinguished representatives of other nation-
alities; and the interesting fact will go down into his-
tory that the pulse of the Polish national heart beat
in the year 1879 with as much patriotic fervor as in the
days of Poland's glory or her -- misfortunes!
We may add here that the memorable event was
also celebrated by the Poles almost all over the United
States of America. In the city of Chicago especially
the celebration, under the auspices of two Polish socie-
ties -- "Gmina Polska in Chicago,' 7 and "Kos?
