) The name of
Linetanus
occurs on a coin of garis (Conon.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - b
ad Hom.
p.
1709; Virg.
Georg.
out of the civil war in the following year, L. Attius iv. 336. )
[L. S. ]
Varus, who had commanded the Pompeian troops LIGUR. The name Ligur or Ligus, without
at Auximum, and had been obliged to fly before any nomen, occurs in Cicero, ad Att. xii. 23, where
Caesar, arrived in Africa, of which province he had he is ironically congratulated with respect to a
been formerly propraetor. Into his hands Ligarius daughter called Gamala.
[C. P. M. ]
resigned the government, although L. Aelius LIGUR, AEʼLIUS, tribune of the plebs, B. C.
Tubero had been appointed to the province by the 57, endeavoured by his veto to prevent the passing
senate; and when Tubero made his appearance off of the decree of the senate for Cicero's recall. He
Utica shortly afterwards, he was not permitted seems to have been an obscure individual, and, ac-
even to land. Ligarius fought under Varus against cording to Cicero, had assumed a surname to which
Curio in the course of the same year (B. C. 49), he had no right. (Cic. pro Sext. 31, 32, 43, pro
and against Caesar himself in B. C. 46. After the Dom. 19, de Harusp. Resp. 3. ) (C. P. M. )
battle of Thapsus, in which the Pompeian army LIGUR, OCTAVIUS. 1. M. a Roman sena-
was defeated, Ligarius was taken prisoner at Adru- tor. During the praetorship of C. Sacerdos he had
His life was spared, but he was banished become possessed of an estate in Sicily by the will
by Caesar. His friends at Rome exerted them- of one C. Sulpicius Olympus. When Verres be-
selves to procure his pardon, but were unable to came praetor, in accordance with one of his edicts
Bucceed at first, notwithstanding the intercession the daughter of the patronus of Sulpicius sued
of his brothers, of his uncle, T. Brocchus, and of Ligur for a sixth part of the estate. Ligur found
Cicero himself, who had an audience with the himself compelled to come to Rome to assert and
dictator on the 23d of September, B. C. 46, for the defend his rights. Verres afterwards demanded
purpose. Meantime, a public accusation was brought money from Ligur for trying the cause.
M. Ligur
against Ligarius by Q. Aelius Tubero, the son of and his brother are set down as tribunes of the
L. Tubero, whom Ligarius had united with Varus plebs in the same year (B. C. 82) by Pighius (vol.
in preventing from landing in Africa. He was iii. p. 266). (Cic. in Verr. i. 48, ii. 7, 48. )
accused on account of his conduct in Africa, and L. The brother of the preceding. During the
his connection with the enemies of the dictator. absence of his brother he defended his interests
The case was pleaded before Caesar himself in the against the unjust proceedings of Verres (B. C. 74).
forum. Cicero defended Ligarius in a speech still He is possibly the same who is mentioned by
extant, in which he maintains that Ligarius had Cicero (ad Att. vii. 18. $ 4). [C. P. M. ]
as much claims to the mercy of Caesar, as Tubero LIGUR, VA'RIUS, a man mentioned once or
and Cicero himself. Ligarius was pardoned by twice by Tacitus. In Annal. iv. 42, he is spoken
Caesar, who was on the point of setting out for the of as the paramour of Aquilia (A. D. 25). Some
Spanish war, and who probably was not sorry to time after he escaped a prosecution by buying off
have this public opportunity of exhibiting his usual the informers. (Annal. vi. 30. ) [C. P. M. ]
mercy. The speech which Cicero delivered in his LIGYRON (Aegúpwv), i. é. the whining, is
defence was subsequently published, and was much said to have been the original name of Achilles,
admired. Ligarius, however, felt no gratitude for and to have been changed into Achilles by Cheiron.
the favour that had been shown him, and eagerly (Apollod. iii. 13. $ 6; comp. ACHILLES. ) [L. S. ]
joined the conspirators, who assassinated Caesar in LILAEA (Nirala), a Naiad, a daughter of Ce-
B. C. 44. (Cic. pro Ligario, passim, ad Fam. vi. phissus, from whom the town of Lilaca in Phocis
13, 14, ad Att. xiii. 12, 19, 20, 44; Auct. Bell. was believed to have derived its name. (Paus. X.
Afr. 89 ; Plut. Cic. 39, Brut. 11 ; Appian, B. C. 33. ♡ 2. )
[L. S. ]
ii. 113. ) Appian speaks of two brothers of the LIMA, a Roman divinity protecting the thresh-
name of Ligarius, who perished in the proscription old (limen, Arnob. adv. Gent. iv. 9); it is, how-
of the triuinsirs in B. c. 43 (B. C. iv. 22), and ever, not impossible that she may be the same as
in the following chapter (c. 23) he mentions a third the dea Limentina. [LIMEYTINUS. ]
[L. S. ]
metum.
## p. 787 (#803) ############################################
LINUS.
707
LINUS.
LIME'NIA, LIMENI'TES, LIMENITIS, \ ii. 19. § 7 ; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1164), or of
and LIMENO'SCOPUS (American Aluevians, Amphimarus by Urania (Paus. ix. 29. § 3). Re-
Aquevitis, AleVOO KOTOS), i. e. the protector or specting his mother Psamathe, the story runs thus :
superintendent of the harbour, occurs as a sumame -When she had given birth to Linus she exposed
of several divinities, such as Zeus (Callimach. the child. He was found by shepherds, who brought
Fragm. 114, 2d ed. Bentl. ), Artemis (Callim. Hymn. bim up, but the child was afterwards torn to pieces
in Dian. 259), Aphrodite (Paus. ii. 34. ♡ Il; by dogs. Psamathe's grief at the occurrence ben
Serv, ad Acn. i. 724), Priapus (Anthol. Palat. x. trayed her misfortune to her father, who condemned
1, 7), and of Pan (Anthol. Palat. x. 10. ) (L. S. ] her to death. A pollo, in his indignation at the
LÍMETA'NUS, C. MAMI'LIUS, tribune of father's cruelty, visited Argos with a plague, and
the plebs. B. c. 110, carried a law for inquiring when his oracle was consulted about the means of
into the cases of all persons who had assisted averting the plague, he answered that the Argives
Jugurtha in his opposition to the senate, and had must propitiate Psamathe and Linus. This was
received bribes from him to neglect their duty to attempted by means of sacrifices, and matrons and
the state. Three quaesitores were appointed under virgins sang dirges which were called aivoi, and
this law, which was the first serious blow given to the month in which this eolemnity was celebrated
the power of the nobility since the death of C. was called αρνειός, and the festival itself αρνίς, be-
Gracchus. Many men of the highest family were cause Linus had grown up among lambs. The
condemned under it, and among them four who had pestilence, however, did not cease until Crotopus
been consuls. (Sall. Jug. 40, 65; Cic. Brul. 33, quitted Argos and settled at Tripodisium, in New
34.
) The name of Linetanus occurs on a coin of garis (Conon. Narrat. 19 ; Paus. i. 43. $ 7 ; Athen.
the Mamilia gens. [Mamilia GENS. )
iii. p. 99). According to a Loeotian tradition
LIMENTI'NUS, the god protecting the thresh- Linus was killed by Apollo, because he had ven-
old (limen) of the house. (Arnob. udv. Gent. i. tured upon a musical contest with the god (Paus.
15, iv. 9, 11; Tertull. Idol. 15; August. de Civ. ix. 29. § 3 ; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1863), and near
Dei, iv. 8, vi. 7. ) Much superstition was con- Mount Helicon his image stood in a hollow rock,
nected among the Romans with the threshold, and formed in the shape of a grotto ; and every year
many persons were very scrupulous in always before sacrifices were offered to the Muses, a funeral
putting the right foot across it first. (Petron. Sat. sacrifice was offered to him, and dirges (Aivoi) were
30. )
[L. S. ] sung in his honour. His tomb was claimed both
LIMNAEA, LIMNEʻTES, LIMNE'GENES by the city of Argos and by Thebes (Paus. l. c. ,
(Λιμναία (ος), Λιμνήτης (ις), Λιμνηγενής), i. e. in- comp. ii. 19. 8 7); but after the battle of Chaeroneia,
habiting or born in a lake or marsh, is a surname of Philip of Macedonia was said to have carried away
several divinities who were believed either to have the remains of Linus from Thebes to Macedonia.
sprung from a lake, or had their temples near a Subsequently, however, the king was induced by a
lake. Instances are, Dionysus at Athens (Eustath. dream to send the remains back to Thebes. Chalcis
ad Hom. p. 871; Callim. Fragm. 280, Bentl. ; in Euboea likewise boasted of possessing the tomb
Thuc. i. 15; Aristoph. Ran. 216 ; Athen. I. p. of Linus, the inscription of which is preserved by
437, xi. p. 465), and Artemis at Sicyon, near Epi- Diogenes Laertius (Prooem. 4 ; comp. Suid. s. º.
daurus (Paus. ii. 7. $ 6, iii. 23. $ 10), on the fron. Aivos). Being regarded as a son of Apollo and a
tiers between Laconia and Messenia (Paus. iii. 2. Muse, he is said to have received from his father
$ 6, 7. $ 4, iv. 4. & 2, 31. § 3, vii. 20. § 7, &c. ; the three-stringed lute, and is himself called the
Strab. viii. p. 361 ; Tac. Ann. iv. 43), near Calamae inventor of new melodies, of dirges (palvos), and
(Paus. iv. 31. & 3), at Tegea (viii. 53. & 11, comp. of songs in general. Hesiod (ap. Clem. Alex,
iii. 14. $ 2), Patrae (vii. 20. § 7); it is also used Strom. i. p. 330) even calls him Tavtoins copins
as a surname of nymphs (Theocrit. v. 17) that bedanka's. It is probably owing to the difficulty
dwell in lakes or marshes.
(L. S. ) of reconciling the different mythuses about Linus,
LIMUS (Aquós), the Latin Fames, or personifi-| that the Thebans (Paus. ix. 29, in fin. ) thought it
cation of hunger. Hesiod (Theog. 227) describes necessary to distinguish between an earlier and later
hunger as the offspring of Eris or Discord. A poet- Linus ; the latter is said to have instructed Heracles
ical description of Fames occurs in Ovid (Met
. in music, but to have been killed by the hero
viü. 800, &c. ), and Virgil (Aen. vi. 276) places it, (comp. Apollod. ii. 4. § 9; Theocrit. xxiv. 103 ;
along with other monsters, at the entrance of Diodor. iii. 67 ; Athen. iv. p. 164). In the time
Orcus.
(L. S. ) of the Alexandrine grammarians people even went
LINAX, artist. (ZENAS. ]
so far as to look upon Linus as an historical per-
LI'NDIA (Awola), a surname of Athena, derived sonage, and to consider him, like Musaeus, Orpheus,
from the town of Lindus, in the island of Rhodus, and others, as the author of apocryphal works
where she had a celebrated temple. (Diod. v. 58; (Diodor. iii. 66), in which he described the ex-
Herod. ii. 182. ; Strab. xiv. p. 655). [L. S. ] ploits of Dionysus ; Diogenes Laertius (Prooem.
LINDINUS, a Latin poet, whose age is quite 3), who calls him a son of Hermes and Urania,
uncertain, but who probably lived at a late period, ascribes to him several poetical productions, such
is the author of a short poem of twelve lines,“ De as a cosmogony on the course of the sun and moon,
Aetate,” in which he assigns the different years of on the generation of animals and fruits, and the
life to different occupations, such as the first ten to like.
play, &c. It is printed in the Anthologia Latina The principal places in Greece which are the
(No. 541, ed. Meyer), and by Wernsdorf (Poetae scenes of the legends about Linus are Argos and
Latini Minores, p. 415).
Thebes, and the legends themselves bear a strong
LINUS (Aivos), the personification of a dirge resemblance to those about Hyacynthus, Narcissus,
or lamentation, and therefore described as a son Glaucus, Adonis, Maneros, and others, all of whom
cf Apollo by a Muse (Calliope, or by Psamathe or are conceived as handsome and lovely youths, and
Chalciope, Apollod. i. 3. & 2; Pauš. i. 43. § 7, | either as princes or as shepherds. They are the
3 E2
## p. 788 (#804) ############################################
788
LITORIUS.
LIVIA.
favourites of the gods ; and in the midst of the haps, have lived in the fourth or fifth century after
enjoyment of their happy youth, they are carried Christ. A few fragments of his writings, which
off by a sudden or violent death ; but their remem- are all that remain, are to be found in the collection
brance is kept alive by men, who celebrate their of writers on veterinary surgery, first published in
inemory in dirges and appropriate rites, and seek Latin by Jean de la Ruelle, Paris 1530, fol. , and
the vanished youths generally about the middle of afterwards in Greek by Simon Grynaeus, Basil,
summer, but in vain. The feeling which seems to 1537, 4to.
(W. A. G. ]
have given rise to the stories about these person- LITYERSES (Alt vépons), a natural son of
nges, who form a distinct class by themselves in Midas, lived at Celaenae in Phrygin, engaged in
Greek mythology, is deeply felt grief at the cata- rural pursuits, and hospitably received all strangers
strophes observable in nature, which dics away that passed his house, but he then compelled them to
under the influence of the burning sun (Apollo) assist him in the harvest, and whenever they allowed
boon after it has developed all its fairest beauties themselves to be surpassed by him in their work,
Those popular dirges, therefore, originally the ex- he cut off their heads in the evening, and concealed
pression of grief at the premature death of nature their bodies in the sheaves, accompanying his deed
through the heat of the sun, were transformed into with songs. Heracles, however, slew him, and
lamentations of the deaths of youths, and were threw his body into the Macander. The Phrygian
bung on certain religious occasions. They were reapers used to celebrate his memory in a harvest.
afterwards considered to have been the productions song which bore the name of Lityerses (Schol. ud
of the very same youths whose momory was cele- Theocrit
. x. 41 ; Athen. x. p. 615, xiv. p. 619;
brated in them. The whole class of songs of this Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1164; Hesych. , Phot. , Suid.
kind was called Spñvoi olKtot, and the most celes. v. ; Pollux, iv.
out of the civil war in the following year, L. Attius iv. 336. )
[L. S. ]
Varus, who had commanded the Pompeian troops LIGUR. The name Ligur or Ligus, without
at Auximum, and had been obliged to fly before any nomen, occurs in Cicero, ad Att. xii. 23, where
Caesar, arrived in Africa, of which province he had he is ironically congratulated with respect to a
been formerly propraetor. Into his hands Ligarius daughter called Gamala.
[C. P. M. ]
resigned the government, although L. Aelius LIGUR, AEʼLIUS, tribune of the plebs, B. C.
Tubero had been appointed to the province by the 57, endeavoured by his veto to prevent the passing
senate; and when Tubero made his appearance off of the decree of the senate for Cicero's recall. He
Utica shortly afterwards, he was not permitted seems to have been an obscure individual, and, ac-
even to land. Ligarius fought under Varus against cording to Cicero, had assumed a surname to which
Curio in the course of the same year (B. C. 49), he had no right. (Cic. pro Sext. 31, 32, 43, pro
and against Caesar himself in B. C. 46. After the Dom. 19, de Harusp. Resp. 3. ) (C. P. M. )
battle of Thapsus, in which the Pompeian army LIGUR, OCTAVIUS. 1. M. a Roman sena-
was defeated, Ligarius was taken prisoner at Adru- tor. During the praetorship of C. Sacerdos he had
His life was spared, but he was banished become possessed of an estate in Sicily by the will
by Caesar. His friends at Rome exerted them- of one C. Sulpicius Olympus. When Verres be-
selves to procure his pardon, but were unable to came praetor, in accordance with one of his edicts
Bucceed at first, notwithstanding the intercession the daughter of the patronus of Sulpicius sued
of his brothers, of his uncle, T. Brocchus, and of Ligur for a sixth part of the estate. Ligur found
Cicero himself, who had an audience with the himself compelled to come to Rome to assert and
dictator on the 23d of September, B. C. 46, for the defend his rights. Verres afterwards demanded
purpose. Meantime, a public accusation was brought money from Ligur for trying the cause.
M. Ligur
against Ligarius by Q. Aelius Tubero, the son of and his brother are set down as tribunes of the
L. Tubero, whom Ligarius had united with Varus plebs in the same year (B. C. 82) by Pighius (vol.
in preventing from landing in Africa. He was iii. p. 266). (Cic. in Verr. i. 48, ii. 7, 48. )
accused on account of his conduct in Africa, and L. The brother of the preceding. During the
his connection with the enemies of the dictator. absence of his brother he defended his interests
The case was pleaded before Caesar himself in the against the unjust proceedings of Verres (B. C. 74).
forum. Cicero defended Ligarius in a speech still He is possibly the same who is mentioned by
extant, in which he maintains that Ligarius had Cicero (ad Att. vii. 18. $ 4). [C. P. M. ]
as much claims to the mercy of Caesar, as Tubero LIGUR, VA'RIUS, a man mentioned once or
and Cicero himself. Ligarius was pardoned by twice by Tacitus. In Annal. iv. 42, he is spoken
Caesar, who was on the point of setting out for the of as the paramour of Aquilia (A. D. 25). Some
Spanish war, and who probably was not sorry to time after he escaped a prosecution by buying off
have this public opportunity of exhibiting his usual the informers. (Annal. vi. 30. ) [C. P. M. ]
mercy. The speech which Cicero delivered in his LIGYRON (Aegúpwv), i. é. the whining, is
defence was subsequently published, and was much said to have been the original name of Achilles,
admired. Ligarius, however, felt no gratitude for and to have been changed into Achilles by Cheiron.
the favour that had been shown him, and eagerly (Apollod. iii. 13. $ 6; comp. ACHILLES. ) [L. S. ]
joined the conspirators, who assassinated Caesar in LILAEA (Nirala), a Naiad, a daughter of Ce-
B. C. 44. (Cic. pro Ligario, passim, ad Fam. vi. phissus, from whom the town of Lilaca in Phocis
13, 14, ad Att. xiii. 12, 19, 20, 44; Auct. Bell. was believed to have derived its name. (Paus. X.
Afr. 89 ; Plut. Cic. 39, Brut. 11 ; Appian, B. C. 33. ♡ 2. )
[L. S. ]
ii. 113. ) Appian speaks of two brothers of the LIMA, a Roman divinity protecting the thresh-
name of Ligarius, who perished in the proscription old (limen, Arnob. adv. Gent. iv. 9); it is, how-
of the triuinsirs in B. c. 43 (B. C. iv. 22), and ever, not impossible that she may be the same as
in the following chapter (c. 23) he mentions a third the dea Limentina. [LIMEYTINUS. ]
[L. S. ]
metum.
## p. 787 (#803) ############################################
LINUS.
707
LINUS.
LIME'NIA, LIMENI'TES, LIMENITIS, \ ii. 19. § 7 ; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1164), or of
and LIMENO'SCOPUS (American Aluevians, Amphimarus by Urania (Paus. ix. 29. § 3). Re-
Aquevitis, AleVOO KOTOS), i. e. the protector or specting his mother Psamathe, the story runs thus :
superintendent of the harbour, occurs as a sumame -When she had given birth to Linus she exposed
of several divinities, such as Zeus (Callimach. the child. He was found by shepherds, who brought
Fragm. 114, 2d ed. Bentl. ), Artemis (Callim. Hymn. bim up, but the child was afterwards torn to pieces
in Dian. 259), Aphrodite (Paus. ii. 34. ♡ Il; by dogs. Psamathe's grief at the occurrence ben
Serv, ad Acn. i. 724), Priapus (Anthol. Palat. x. trayed her misfortune to her father, who condemned
1, 7), and of Pan (Anthol. Palat. x. 10. ) (L. S. ] her to death. A pollo, in his indignation at the
LÍMETA'NUS, C. MAMI'LIUS, tribune of father's cruelty, visited Argos with a plague, and
the plebs. B. c. 110, carried a law for inquiring when his oracle was consulted about the means of
into the cases of all persons who had assisted averting the plague, he answered that the Argives
Jugurtha in his opposition to the senate, and had must propitiate Psamathe and Linus. This was
received bribes from him to neglect their duty to attempted by means of sacrifices, and matrons and
the state. Three quaesitores were appointed under virgins sang dirges which were called aivoi, and
this law, which was the first serious blow given to the month in which this eolemnity was celebrated
the power of the nobility since the death of C. was called αρνειός, and the festival itself αρνίς, be-
Gracchus. Many men of the highest family were cause Linus had grown up among lambs. The
condemned under it, and among them four who had pestilence, however, did not cease until Crotopus
been consuls. (Sall. Jug. 40, 65; Cic. Brul. 33, quitted Argos and settled at Tripodisium, in New
34.
) The name of Linetanus occurs on a coin of garis (Conon. Narrat. 19 ; Paus. i. 43. $ 7 ; Athen.
the Mamilia gens. [Mamilia GENS. )
iii. p. 99). According to a Loeotian tradition
LIMENTI'NUS, the god protecting the thresh- Linus was killed by Apollo, because he had ven-
old (limen) of the house. (Arnob. udv. Gent. i. tured upon a musical contest with the god (Paus.
15, iv. 9, 11; Tertull. Idol. 15; August. de Civ. ix. 29. § 3 ; Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1863), and near
Dei, iv. 8, vi. 7. ) Much superstition was con- Mount Helicon his image stood in a hollow rock,
nected among the Romans with the threshold, and formed in the shape of a grotto ; and every year
many persons were very scrupulous in always before sacrifices were offered to the Muses, a funeral
putting the right foot across it first. (Petron. Sat. sacrifice was offered to him, and dirges (Aivoi) were
30. )
[L. S. ] sung in his honour. His tomb was claimed both
LIMNAEA, LIMNEʻTES, LIMNE'GENES by the city of Argos and by Thebes (Paus. l. c. ,
(Λιμναία (ος), Λιμνήτης (ις), Λιμνηγενής), i. e. in- comp. ii. 19. 8 7); but after the battle of Chaeroneia,
habiting or born in a lake or marsh, is a surname of Philip of Macedonia was said to have carried away
several divinities who were believed either to have the remains of Linus from Thebes to Macedonia.
sprung from a lake, or had their temples near a Subsequently, however, the king was induced by a
lake. Instances are, Dionysus at Athens (Eustath. dream to send the remains back to Thebes. Chalcis
ad Hom. p. 871; Callim. Fragm. 280, Bentl. ; in Euboea likewise boasted of possessing the tomb
Thuc. i. 15; Aristoph. Ran. 216 ; Athen. I. p. of Linus, the inscription of which is preserved by
437, xi. p. 465), and Artemis at Sicyon, near Epi- Diogenes Laertius (Prooem. 4 ; comp. Suid. s. º.
daurus (Paus. ii. 7. $ 6, iii. 23. $ 10), on the fron. Aivos). Being regarded as a son of Apollo and a
tiers between Laconia and Messenia (Paus. iii. 2. Muse, he is said to have received from his father
$ 6, 7. $ 4, iv. 4. & 2, 31. § 3, vii. 20. § 7, &c. ; the three-stringed lute, and is himself called the
Strab. viii. p. 361 ; Tac. Ann. iv. 43), near Calamae inventor of new melodies, of dirges (palvos), and
(Paus. iv. 31. & 3), at Tegea (viii. 53. & 11, comp. of songs in general. Hesiod (ap. Clem. Alex,
iii. 14. $ 2), Patrae (vii. 20. § 7); it is also used Strom. i. p. 330) even calls him Tavtoins copins
as a surname of nymphs (Theocrit. v. 17) that bedanka's. It is probably owing to the difficulty
dwell in lakes or marshes.
(L. S. ) of reconciling the different mythuses about Linus,
LIMUS (Aquós), the Latin Fames, or personifi-| that the Thebans (Paus. ix. 29, in fin. ) thought it
cation of hunger. Hesiod (Theog. 227) describes necessary to distinguish between an earlier and later
hunger as the offspring of Eris or Discord. A poet- Linus ; the latter is said to have instructed Heracles
ical description of Fames occurs in Ovid (Met
. in music, but to have been killed by the hero
viü. 800, &c. ), and Virgil (Aen. vi. 276) places it, (comp. Apollod. ii. 4. § 9; Theocrit. xxiv. 103 ;
along with other monsters, at the entrance of Diodor. iii. 67 ; Athen. iv. p. 164). In the time
Orcus.
(L. S. ) of the Alexandrine grammarians people even went
LINAX, artist. (ZENAS. ]
so far as to look upon Linus as an historical per-
LI'NDIA (Awola), a surname of Athena, derived sonage, and to consider him, like Musaeus, Orpheus,
from the town of Lindus, in the island of Rhodus, and others, as the author of apocryphal works
where she had a celebrated temple. (Diod. v. 58; (Diodor. iii. 66), in which he described the ex-
Herod. ii. 182. ; Strab. xiv. p. 655). [L. S. ] ploits of Dionysus ; Diogenes Laertius (Prooem.
LINDINUS, a Latin poet, whose age is quite 3), who calls him a son of Hermes and Urania,
uncertain, but who probably lived at a late period, ascribes to him several poetical productions, such
is the author of a short poem of twelve lines,“ De as a cosmogony on the course of the sun and moon,
Aetate,” in which he assigns the different years of on the generation of animals and fruits, and the
life to different occupations, such as the first ten to like.
play, &c. It is printed in the Anthologia Latina The principal places in Greece which are the
(No. 541, ed. Meyer), and by Wernsdorf (Poetae scenes of the legends about Linus are Argos and
Latini Minores, p. 415).
Thebes, and the legends themselves bear a strong
LINUS (Aivos), the personification of a dirge resemblance to those about Hyacynthus, Narcissus,
or lamentation, and therefore described as a son Glaucus, Adonis, Maneros, and others, all of whom
cf Apollo by a Muse (Calliope, or by Psamathe or are conceived as handsome and lovely youths, and
Chalciope, Apollod. i. 3. & 2; Pauš. i. 43. § 7, | either as princes or as shepherds. They are the
3 E2
## p. 788 (#804) ############################################
788
LITORIUS.
LIVIA.
favourites of the gods ; and in the midst of the haps, have lived in the fourth or fifth century after
enjoyment of their happy youth, they are carried Christ. A few fragments of his writings, which
off by a sudden or violent death ; but their remem- are all that remain, are to be found in the collection
brance is kept alive by men, who celebrate their of writers on veterinary surgery, first published in
inemory in dirges and appropriate rites, and seek Latin by Jean de la Ruelle, Paris 1530, fol. , and
the vanished youths generally about the middle of afterwards in Greek by Simon Grynaeus, Basil,
summer, but in vain. The feeling which seems to 1537, 4to.
(W. A. G. ]
have given rise to the stories about these person- LITYERSES (Alt vépons), a natural son of
nges, who form a distinct class by themselves in Midas, lived at Celaenae in Phrygin, engaged in
Greek mythology, is deeply felt grief at the cata- rural pursuits, and hospitably received all strangers
strophes observable in nature, which dics away that passed his house, but he then compelled them to
under the influence of the burning sun (Apollo) assist him in the harvest, and whenever they allowed
boon after it has developed all its fairest beauties themselves to be surpassed by him in their work,
Those popular dirges, therefore, originally the ex- he cut off their heads in the evening, and concealed
pression of grief at the premature death of nature their bodies in the sheaves, accompanying his deed
through the heat of the sun, were transformed into with songs. Heracles, however, slew him, and
lamentations of the deaths of youths, and were threw his body into the Macander. The Phrygian
bung on certain religious occasions. They were reapers used to celebrate his memory in a harvest.
afterwards considered to have been the productions song which bore the name of Lityerses (Schol. ud
of the very same youths whose momory was cele- Theocrit
. x. 41 ; Athen. x. p. 615, xiv. p. 619;
brated in them. The whole class of songs of this Eustath. ad Hom. p. 1164; Hesych. , Phot. , Suid.
kind was called Spñvoi olKtot, and the most celes. v. ; Pollux, iv.
