—'Of the
Ccenobium
D.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v9
In the early Irish Church, as we find from the Felire of Marianus O'Gorman, a feast was held on the 20th of September,
to honour Dionysius.
1
Whether he be the martyr of Phrygia, already
referred to as a companion of St. Privatus' martyrdom, or a martyr so called
at in 2 venerated on this same I am unable to
Perga Pamphylia, day, determine.
Article VI. —Fausta, Martyr. At the 20th of September, Marianus
1
O'Gorman has a special eulogium for the virgin Fausta, whose feast he
celebrates. 2 The martyrdom of this holy virgin, together with that of her companions Evilasius, and perhaps that of Maximinus or Maximus at Cyzicum3 on the Hellespont, is set forth on this date by the Bollandists. *
"
mac Oissin. " See Calendar of Irish
Saints. " p. 30.
*Viz -Ao-oanTTUc
: — Oifpn.
SS. Dionysio et Privato et forte Dorotheo
MM. in Phrygia, p. 150.
3 See ibid. the Saints, Among pretermitted
p. 104.
See Article hi. 'The rann is as follows:—
-AceochAin n4)111454 T_>04ipreC 4|W04lA
1nrvi54n Dopom4 Con4flo5 r*onrn4-04.
this present date by Maurolycus and Cani- sius. while the Roman Martyrology and the Bollandists have his feast at the 21st of August.
the virgins that they guard our assemblies :
" 2
the — Doroma (? ) with her host
Felire Hui Gormain,"
may Queen
protect us. " "Transactions of the Royal
180, 181.
See an account of his Passion in the
page79.
"
vol. i. , part i. On the Calendar of Septembris xx. De SS. Theodoro Philippa
Oengus, by Whitley Stokes, LL. D. , p. Matre ejus, Socrate et Dionysio, MM. , pp.
cxxxviii. 138 to 140. 2'
Irish Academy," Irish Manuscript Series,
Bollandists'
Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. ,
Thus
:
doroma
. i.
uirgo
nomen. Also Article vi. — Thus, "Fausta oebnar
conaslog . i. cxlvi. , ibid.
uirginibus
p.
ogseng,"
Fausta, beautiful,
cum
—"
Article iv. —l In the following form
:
"
translated, " Privatus, a flame which I
Priuait breo asa mbagimm," which is
announce. "~Dr. Whitley Stokes'
"
Felire
Hui Gormain," p. 180, 181.
3 The Bollandists have notices of them at
. u. suis.
See
rendered, modest, virginal, slender. "
8 See Dr. Whitley Stokes' " Felire Hui Gormain, pp. 180, 181.
3 Otherwise known as Spiga, an ancient city of Mysia Minor, between the mouths of the Rhyndac and Esapian rivers.
* See " Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Sep- the 20th of September in their "Acta tembris xx. De S. Fausta, Evilasio et Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Septembris xx. De forte Maximino MM. Cyzici in Helles-
4
This latter Privatus is commemorated at
«
Article v. — The entry is :
"
Dionis fris
pp.
September 21. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 461
ArticleVII. —EvilasiusandEulogius. Onthe20thofSeptember was celebrated in Ireland the festival of Evilais and Eugog, according to the
1
Felire of Marianus O'Gorman.
ing Evilasius, the reader is referred to the previous account of St. Fausta. Eulogius was a priest and a martyr at Cordubia, and whose feast occurs on this day, according to Usuard, although the Roman Martyrology marks it at the nth of March. 2
Article VIII. —Elevation of the Relics of St. Landalin. The
1
Bollandists, at this date, quote Dorgan for a festival commemorating the
Elevation of St. Landolin's Relics, at the 20th of September. They refer to the 15th of June for notices given of him. Also, at the same day, allusion is made to St. Wandelinus or Landalin, in the sixth volume of this work. 2
Article IX. —Reputed Festival of St. Cuthbert, Bishop of Lin- disfarne. According to Greven, as the Bollandists remark,' at the 20th of September, a festival of St. Cuthbert, Bishop of Lindisfarne, was com-
memorated. Already at the 20th of March his life is given, in the Third Volume of this work. 2
Article X. —Vigil of St. Matthew the Apostle. In the Martyr-
1
ology of Marianus O'Gorman, the Vigil of St. Matthew the Apostle is noted
at this date.
" Felire Hui
2 See Art. i.
—
See Art. vi. —
'See "Acta
" :
"
with Eulogius. " — Dr. Whitley Stokes'
Article vii.
la hEugog," which is rendered,
Gormain," pp. 180, 2"
:
Uigilia
See the Bollandists' tomus vi. , Septembris xx.
termitted feasts,
p. 103.
•
Thus entered
tomus vi. ,
181.
Acta Sanctorum,"
Among the pre-
maith
For what has been already stated regard-
Ctoentp--ftj:$t 2Bap of September.
ARTICLE I. —ST. EDILHUN, MONK IN IRELAND. [SEVENTH CENTURY. ]
many of his countrymen, who had desired to render themselves more educated in sacred and as also more in
LIKE
the science of the saints, Edilhun had known how celebrated were the schools and monasteries of our country at a time, when Christianity had just began to take root in the northern parts of Britain. This holy man was an
ponto, pp. 140 to 147. There is a Pre- Article viii. —' See " Acta Sanctorum," vious Commentary in two sections of tomus vi. Septembris xx. Among the
twenty-four paragraphs, with a narrative of their Passion in thirteen paragraphs, with notes.
pretermitted Saints, p. 103.
Euilais
xx.
Septembris termitted feasts, p. 103.
Evilasius
profane learning, perfect
2
Article ix. Sanctorum,
the Among pre-
Article x. — 'Thus "
Matha," rendered (The Apostle) "Matthew's
good vigil. " See Dr. Whitley Stokes
" Felire Hui Gormain," 180, 181. pp.
462 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [September ai,
Anglo-Saxon by birth, which appears to have taken place early in the sixth century. The English Martyrology of John Wilson,1 Father Henry Fitzsimon, and the Anonymous Calendar of Irish Saints, published by
2
the date assigned for it by other hagiologists. As Wilson signifies, he did not find the name of Edilhunus in the old English Martyrology or Calendar ; the Bollandists,3 who insert his commemoration at this date, think that he had not been anciently held up for public veneration in the Church. However, from the eulogium pronounced on him by Venerable Bede, and on trustworthy authority, there can hardly be a doubt, that Edilhun eminently deserved and received that meed of popular approbation, especially ashehadapropheticvisionofhisapproachingdeath. Moreover,thevirtuesof Edilhunus are highly commemorated by Venerable Bede,* who treats about him, in connexion with St. Egbert, whose Acts have been already given at the 24th of April, the day assigned for his festival. s We need scarcely do more than refer to that record, which includes the transactions of both holy companions in friendship and expatriation. Edilhun was of noble birth, and a brother to Ethelwin,6 a man no less beloved by God, who also went over to Ireland for purposes of study, and who, being there well instructed, returned afterwards to his own native country. He became bishop over the province of Lindsey, and long governed that See, in a worthy and creditable manner. Both Egbert and Edilhun were fellow students in a monastery denominated Rathmelsigi/ by Venerable Bede, at a time when the dreadful pestilence of a. d. 664 raged throughout Ireland, and both were attacked by
that disorder, under which they were grievously suffering for some time. Then Edilhun had a vision, in which his own immediate death had been revealed, and also the fact, that his companion should survive him for many long years. This he related to Egbert on awakening from his sleep, and Edilhun was called to his rest on the following night. At the 21st of September, Ferrarius has a festival for Edilhunus. 8 That was the supposed day of his death in Ireland, when he fell a victim to the great pestilence a. d. 664. 9
Article II. —St. Landelinus, Solitary—and Martyr. The Life of this holy man -written about the year 1200 was to be found in a Codex
1
Bodecensis, and from it the Prior,
" Historia de Vita et Martyrio S. Landelini, qui sexto post Nativitatem
Christi seculo, vigessimo primo Septembris passus, Miraculis etiamnum
O'Sullivan Beare, enter St. Edilhun's feast at the 21st day of September,
claret. " It was printed a. d. 1621.
Afterwards, Gamansius, a Jesuit father,
Article —'
For Art. i.
R. P. F. Martinus Stephanus, compiled,
s
he quotes the authority of Venerable Bede's in the Fourth Volume of this work,
2
See "Historic Catholicae Ibernise the day of assignment for his feast in the
Seventh Volume of this work, Art. vi.
7 The precise situation of which is not
known.
8"
See Catalogus Generalis Sanctorum. "
i. In the first
edition,
in which
an account of
him,
see at that
date,
''
Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum," lib. iii. , cap. 27.
6
See a notice of him at the 27th o—
f July
—
Compendium," tomus i. , lib. iv. , cap. xi. , xii. , pp. 5I. S4-
3 See " Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Sep- tembris xxi. Among the pretermitted feasts, p. 185.
9 See Colgan's "Acta Sanctorum Hiber- 4 See " Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis An- niae," ii, Martii. Vita S. Ceddae, n. 5,
glorum," lib. iii. , cap. xxvii. , pp. 380 to 385.
p. 446.
Article ii.
—'Of the Ccenobium D.
Ethonis et S. Landelini.
Seethe Rev.
Works of Venerable Bede," vol. ii.
J.
A. Giles' "Miscellaneous
September 21. ]
LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 463
sent a transcript of that Codex to the Bollandists, in 1641. Both accounts state, that he was a Scotus, and at the assumed period of his mission, the term' means, that he was an Irishman. In his edition of Usuard, Father Soller, S. J. , supposes this saint to have been identified with Landelin, a disciple of St. Autbert of Cambray, abbot and confessor. At the 21st of
Friburg, Switzerland.
residence in that part of Strasburgh diocese, then situated on the confines of Brisgau, and c—alled Ortenau, and which in our times belongs to the diocese of Friburg the majestic Gothic cathedral of which, with its great
Emerson, p. 103. London, Royal 8vo. No date.
6
The accompanying view has been copied from an approved engraving, drawn on the wood and engraved by Gregor Grey.
7 " Viewed from the outside, the nave of the church appears much lower and shorter than it really is, on account of the height and position of the spire, which is placed imme- diately over the principal doorway. This
tower and
the interest and admiration of all visitors. 7 A poor man named Edulph,
surmounting
graceful perforated spire,
2 See " Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Sep- tembris xxi. Among the pretermitted feasts, pp. 182, 183.
3 With this the Benedictine Martyrologies and Ferrarius agree.
4 See, also, at that day, notices in the Sixth Volume of this work, under the head of St. Wandelinus, Wandalius, or Ladalinus, Confessor, Disciple of St. Columban, Art. vi.
5 See Beeton's "Dictionary of Universal
Information. " Geography, Biography, and false impression, however, vanishes as soon History. New edition, by George R. as we are inside. Suddenly everything
September, the Bol- landists3 have some
noticesofhim; and following the autho-
of the Bruxelles copy of Usuard,
rity
record the Translation, or, as
at the same date,? while they refer to his Life, inserted at the 15th of June/ Directedby a holy zeal to serve God in solitude, he came to Alsace ; one of the old German provinces, afterwards forming the two French
departments of the Upper and Lower
Rhine until 1871, when the victorious Germans annexed it to their Empire. * Afterwards passing the Rhine, he desired to fix his
they
Molanus has
the Elevation of St. Landelin, Abbot,
6 at attracts so much present
it,
464 LIVESOFTHEIRISHSAINTS. [September21 with his wife, lived in that part of the country, and he cultivated some waste
land in the desert. With him Landelin dwelt for a time but ;
desiring stricter retirement, he resolved on penetrating still further into the forests.
He found a little valley watered by a rivulet, and liking the situation, he
erected a hermitage, in which he resided, almost unknown to men. There
he cultivated the practice of many virtues, and spent his life in continuous
acts of prayer and contemplation. However, the wild country around him
was infested with robbers and assassins, who were a terror to all the
peaceably-disposedmembersofthecommunity. Howlongtheholyhermit lived in this solitude is unknown. But, it so happened, that a hunter,
belonging to one of the nobles in the country bordering on the forest, met him in that wilderness. Notwithstanding the innocence and candour which
graced the features of Landelin, he was suspected as being one of the malefactors in disguise. Whereupon the hunter slew him on the spot, and there left his body without sepulture. Hearing no account of the holy hermit for a considerable time, the wife of Edulph set out to seek him in the forest; whengreatwashersurpriseandsorrowtodiscoveronlyhisunburied remains. These she had interred about half a league from his abode, and at a place since known as Munch-weiler. There the tomb of Landelin is preserved behind the high altar of the parochial church. It was rendered famous for the many miracles there wrought in favour of those who sought his intercession. The martyrdom of St. Landelinus is commemorated in the Codex Hagenoyensis Usuardinus, andjby Greven, at the 21st day of Septem- ber. The place of the holy martyr's retreat was afterwards selected for the building of a church, and to it many pilgrims resorted. Several solitaries established themselves in that wilderness, formerly the resort of robbers and outlaws. To favour their pious desires, Bishop Widegeme founded a small monastery near the tomb of St. Landelin for Benedictine monks, and he endoweditwithsomeofhiscathedralrevenues. Itschurchwasdedicatedin honour of the Blessed Virgin, St. John the Baptist, and St. Peter. It got the name Cella monachorum, alias Ettonis-monasterium or " cell of the monks,"8 and which it communicated to the village, which is at the entrance to the Black Forest. Having been somewhat neglected by the successors of Bishop Widegeme, the monastery was restored by Bishop Heddon, who gaveitthenameofEttenheimmunster. Thisreligioushouseformedpartof that territory belonging to the principality of the Bishops of Strasbourg. The Bollandists are surprised, that Etto, the Bishop of Strasbourg, who restored the monastery at Ettenheim, and who enriched it with various gifts, makesnomentioninhiswill10ofSt. Landelin neitherdowriterswhohave
;
treated about that foundation and its restoration. Wherefore they greatly suspect, from the silence of ancient Martyrologies and writers, who have minute accounts of Alsace and Eastern France, that as the relics of Landelin, Abbot in Hannonia, had been brought to some places in Germany, so they might have been conveyed to Ettenheim, and that some one ignorant of Landelin's acts may have called him a martyr, while he was but a confessor, and may have considered him to have been a Scot, instead of his having been
grows to majestic proportions; the grey pillars rise high on every side, and the eye can scarcely take in the whole width from the door to the choir in one glance. "—" The Rhine from its Source to the Sea. " Trans- lated from the German by G. C. T. Bartley,
M. P. , chap, iv. , pp. 63, 64. London, 1888, 4to.
8"
See Gallia Christiana," tomus v. , col.
864.
9 See L'Abbe Hunckler's " Histoire des
Saints d'Alsace. "
,0
This was written in the eleventh year of
King Pipin's reign, A. D. 763. The text is given by Guillimann, in his History of the Bishops of Strasbourg, p. 106-
September 21. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 465
a native of Gaul or Belgium. " However, such conjectures rest on no very solid foundation.
Article III. —St. Saran mac Tiagharnaigh of Lesan, on Mount
Callan,andofCluainda-acrainCheachair. Thename,Saranmac 1
Trenaich, is found in the Martyrology of Tallagh, at the 19th of September; and this entry seems referable to the present date. The O'Clerys state, thatthepresentholymanwasthesonofTighernach,sonofMaenach. At the end of those saints he commemorates at the 21st of September, Marianus O'Gorman2 celebrates with eulogy this holy man, invoking his intercession
:
and that of others in the following manner " Saran,3 the goodley gem,
Tigemach's son/ whom I choose : may they fly with me past tribulation to
"
starry heaven as I ask !
that Sara—n was of Lesan—said to be identical with Lessan, Londonderry County 6 in the Sliabh Callann, and of Cluainda-acra, in Cechair. There is a repetition, at this date, of his name, paternity and places, in the Irish Ordnance Survey Copy of the O'Clerys' Irish Calendar. ? A corresponding account is to be found in a manuscript copy of that Calendar, once in Mr. O'Curry's possession. The foregoing entry in the Martyrology has been extracted to furnish it.
Article IV. —Feast of St. Caidoc, Abbot of Lanncarvan, in
Wales. TheActsofthisHolyAbbothavebeenalreadygiven,atthe24th
1
of January, which seems to have been the correct date for his festival, in
Great Britain. However, in the diocese of Vennes, in British America, his chief celebration appears to have been assigned to the 21st of September. * St. Cadoc or Cado, styled Bishop and Martyr, is said to have been a son of Gladuse, the daughter of Brecan, and to have had his festival at this date. *
ArticleV. —St. Maninius,orNaninus,Confessor. ASt. Maninius occurs at the 21st of September in the anonymous Calendar of Irish Saints, published by O'Sullivan Beare. 1 We are inclined to believe, that this is the
11 The Bollandists add " Miracula pos-
:
terioribus seculis patrata omnino vera esse possunt, etiamsi commissus credatur error ejusmodi. Priora vero seque ac martyrium et gesta omnia, prout relata sunt, plane suspecta videntur, Suspicionem nostram auget dies, quo martyrio sublatus dicitur
"
acra isin Cechair. Thus rendered into Eng- lish :
Saran, son of Tigernach, son of Maenach, from Lessan in Sliab Callann and Cluain da Acra in the Cechair.
5 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 252, 253.
cum hie sit iile
facta est elevatio Landelini abbatis. "
6
MS. note to William M. Copy.
Landelinus,
ipse dies, quo —
Hennessy's Irish Aca-
Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Septembns
the—
Among pretermitted feasts, p. 183.
Now
7 preserved
in the
Royat
xxi.
Article hi. 'Edited by Rev. Dr.
It runs thus
Safari mac UiaShapnasVi mac
tYlaonaigh, o lefan 1 sliabh Callann acuj* 6 Cluain x—>a acj\A ipn Coacaijv"'
Article iv. In the First Volume of this work, Art. ii.
" See Albert le Grande " De Sanctis »
Do,„
Kelly, p. xxxiv.
2 See Dr. Whitley Stokes' " Felire Hui
Gormain," pp. 180, 181.
3 The following is the Irish text :
"Sanan• rocemm
'CO
P1
n^ „n,»
J-talJ^ *££ par
Guy-
mLn,
Lesan i Sliabh Callann ocus o Cluain da
4 The Irish comment on the text runs:
—
"
See Historiae Catholicoe
Saran mac Tigernaigh meic Maenaigh 6
At this date, we read in the Martyrology of Donegal,*
demy. "
:
Article v.
Iberniae Compendium," tomus i. , lib. iv. , cap. xi. , p. 51.
'
XG
466 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [September 21.
same saint, who has been called Naninus, Confessor, at the same day of the month, in the Carthusian Martyrology, and in Henry Fitzsimon's
2 The Bollandists^ commemorate him on this
Ferrarius,* but they suspect, that the name is a corruption of Ninian, whose Acts had been already given at the 16th of this month. ' As we have seen at the day preceding, Thomas Dempster has given a festival to St. Ninian, and at this date to Naninus, a confessor. 6 But, as the Bollandists remark, he frequently multiplies saints and without authority.
Article VI. —St. Pampil or Pamphilus, Martyr at Rome. —At the 21st of September, Marianus O'Gorman enters the feast of St. Pampil or
Catalogue.
day, following
1 He suffered at and the Bollandists relate Martyrdom Rome,
Pamphilus.
whatever they could collect regarding him, at this same date. 2
Article VII. —St. Alexander, Bishop and Martyr. —In the Martyrology of Marianus O'Gorman, at the 21st of September, is entered
the feast of Alexander
Actsofthis
rendered " Alexander. "1 The conspicuous
airdeirc, holy martyr
Article VIII. —St. Clemeint or Clemens. At the 21st of Septem- ber, Marianus O'Gorman has a feast for Clemeint or Clemens. 1 We find in
no other Calendar a saint of his name, at this date.
Article IX. —Reputed Feast of Ciricc, or Cyricus. At the 21st of September, Marianus O'Gorman has entered " Ciricc caraim," rendered
In no other Calendar, that I know is there of,
but, a St. Cyricus, a Thracian, hermit and con- fessor,—is honoured on the 27th day of March, and a St. Cyricus, a martyr at Rome whose period has not been ascertained—is venerated on the 4th of
are
published by
the
Bollandists,
2 and
interesting
they are preceded by a previous commentary,3 with notes appended, by Father John Perier, S. J. , at this day. He suffered martyrdom under the Emperor Antoninus, and his Acts were written by an eye-witness, the Priest Crisentianus.
whom I love. " 1 such a festival at this date ;
**
Cyricus,
July.
" See ibid. , cap. xii. , p. 56.
3 See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Sep-
tembrisxxi. Amwgthepretermittedfeasts,
p. 183.
4 " Nanius episcopus bis annunciatur apud
Ferrarium, ante in Hibernia, deinde in
Article VI. —'See Dr. Whitley Stokes' " Felire Hui Gormain," pp. 180, 181.
3
See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Septembris xxi. De S. Samphilo Martyre Romse, Sylloge. De Memoria in Martyro- logiis, Cultu et Reliquiis. In five paragraphs, pp. 236, 237.
to honour Dionysius.
1
Whether he be the martyr of Phrygia, already
referred to as a companion of St. Privatus' martyrdom, or a martyr so called
at in 2 venerated on this same I am unable to
Perga Pamphylia, day, determine.
Article VI. —Fausta, Martyr. At the 20th of September, Marianus
1
O'Gorman has a special eulogium for the virgin Fausta, whose feast he
celebrates. 2 The martyrdom of this holy virgin, together with that of her companions Evilasius, and perhaps that of Maximinus or Maximus at Cyzicum3 on the Hellespont, is set forth on this date by the Bollandists. *
"
mac Oissin. " See Calendar of Irish
Saints. " p. 30.
*Viz -Ao-oanTTUc
: — Oifpn.
SS. Dionysio et Privato et forte Dorotheo
MM. in Phrygia, p. 150.
3 See ibid. the Saints, Among pretermitted
p. 104.
See Article hi. 'The rann is as follows:—
-AceochAin n4)111454 T_>04ipreC 4|W04lA
1nrvi54n Dopom4 Con4flo5 r*onrn4-04.
this present date by Maurolycus and Cani- sius. while the Roman Martyrology and the Bollandists have his feast at the 21st of August.
the virgins that they guard our assemblies :
" 2
the — Doroma (? ) with her host
Felire Hui Gormain,"
may Queen
protect us. " "Transactions of the Royal
180, 181.
See an account of his Passion in the
page79.
"
vol. i. , part i. On the Calendar of Septembris xx. De SS. Theodoro Philippa
Oengus, by Whitley Stokes, LL. D. , p. Matre ejus, Socrate et Dionysio, MM. , pp.
cxxxviii. 138 to 140. 2'
Irish Academy," Irish Manuscript Series,
Bollandists'
Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. ,
Thus
:
doroma
. i.
uirgo
nomen. Also Article vi. — Thus, "Fausta oebnar
conaslog . i. cxlvi. , ibid.
uirginibus
p.
ogseng,"
Fausta, beautiful,
cum
—"
Article iv. —l In the following form
:
"
translated, " Privatus, a flame which I
Priuait breo asa mbagimm," which is
announce. "~Dr. Whitley Stokes'
"
Felire
Hui Gormain," p. 180, 181.
3 The Bollandists have notices of them at
. u. suis.
See
rendered, modest, virginal, slender. "
8 See Dr. Whitley Stokes' " Felire Hui Gormain, pp. 180, 181.
3 Otherwise known as Spiga, an ancient city of Mysia Minor, between the mouths of the Rhyndac and Esapian rivers.
* See " Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Sep- the 20th of September in their "Acta tembris xx. De S. Fausta, Evilasio et Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Septembris xx. De forte Maximino MM. Cyzici in Helles-
4
This latter Privatus is commemorated at
«
Article v. — The entry is :
"
Dionis fris
pp.
September 21. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 461
ArticleVII. —EvilasiusandEulogius. Onthe20thofSeptember was celebrated in Ireland the festival of Evilais and Eugog, according to the
1
Felire of Marianus O'Gorman.
ing Evilasius, the reader is referred to the previous account of St. Fausta. Eulogius was a priest and a martyr at Cordubia, and whose feast occurs on this day, according to Usuard, although the Roman Martyrology marks it at the nth of March. 2
Article VIII. —Elevation of the Relics of St. Landalin. The
1
Bollandists, at this date, quote Dorgan for a festival commemorating the
Elevation of St. Landolin's Relics, at the 20th of September. They refer to the 15th of June for notices given of him. Also, at the same day, allusion is made to St. Wandelinus or Landalin, in the sixth volume of this work. 2
Article IX. —Reputed Festival of St. Cuthbert, Bishop of Lin- disfarne. According to Greven, as the Bollandists remark,' at the 20th of September, a festival of St. Cuthbert, Bishop of Lindisfarne, was com-
memorated. Already at the 20th of March his life is given, in the Third Volume of this work. 2
Article X. —Vigil of St. Matthew the Apostle. In the Martyr-
1
ology of Marianus O'Gorman, the Vigil of St. Matthew the Apostle is noted
at this date.
" Felire Hui
2 See Art. i.
—
See Art. vi. —
'See "Acta
" :
"
with Eulogius. " — Dr. Whitley Stokes'
Article vii.
la hEugog," which is rendered,
Gormain," pp. 180, 2"
:
Uigilia
See the Bollandists' tomus vi. , Septembris xx.
termitted feasts,
p. 103.
•
Thus entered
tomus vi. ,
181.
Acta Sanctorum,"
Among the pre-
maith
For what has been already stated regard-
Ctoentp--ftj:$t 2Bap of September.
ARTICLE I. —ST. EDILHUN, MONK IN IRELAND. [SEVENTH CENTURY. ]
many of his countrymen, who had desired to render themselves more educated in sacred and as also more in
LIKE
the science of the saints, Edilhun had known how celebrated were the schools and monasteries of our country at a time, when Christianity had just began to take root in the northern parts of Britain. This holy man was an
ponto, pp. 140 to 147. There is a Pre- Article viii. —' See " Acta Sanctorum," vious Commentary in two sections of tomus vi. Septembris xx. Among the
twenty-four paragraphs, with a narrative of their Passion in thirteen paragraphs, with notes.
pretermitted Saints, p. 103.
Euilais
xx.
Septembris termitted feasts, p. 103.
Evilasius
profane learning, perfect
2
Article ix. Sanctorum,
the Among pre-
Article x. — 'Thus "
Matha," rendered (The Apostle) "Matthew's
good vigil. " See Dr. Whitley Stokes
" Felire Hui Gormain," 180, 181. pp.
462 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [September ai,
Anglo-Saxon by birth, which appears to have taken place early in the sixth century. The English Martyrology of John Wilson,1 Father Henry Fitzsimon, and the Anonymous Calendar of Irish Saints, published by
2
the date assigned for it by other hagiologists. As Wilson signifies, he did not find the name of Edilhunus in the old English Martyrology or Calendar ; the Bollandists,3 who insert his commemoration at this date, think that he had not been anciently held up for public veneration in the Church. However, from the eulogium pronounced on him by Venerable Bede, and on trustworthy authority, there can hardly be a doubt, that Edilhun eminently deserved and received that meed of popular approbation, especially ashehadapropheticvisionofhisapproachingdeath. Moreover,thevirtuesof Edilhunus are highly commemorated by Venerable Bede,* who treats about him, in connexion with St. Egbert, whose Acts have been already given at the 24th of April, the day assigned for his festival. s We need scarcely do more than refer to that record, which includes the transactions of both holy companions in friendship and expatriation. Edilhun was of noble birth, and a brother to Ethelwin,6 a man no less beloved by God, who also went over to Ireland for purposes of study, and who, being there well instructed, returned afterwards to his own native country. He became bishop over the province of Lindsey, and long governed that See, in a worthy and creditable manner. Both Egbert and Edilhun were fellow students in a monastery denominated Rathmelsigi/ by Venerable Bede, at a time when the dreadful pestilence of a. d. 664 raged throughout Ireland, and both were attacked by
that disorder, under which they were grievously suffering for some time. Then Edilhun had a vision, in which his own immediate death had been revealed, and also the fact, that his companion should survive him for many long years. This he related to Egbert on awakening from his sleep, and Edilhun was called to his rest on the following night. At the 21st of September, Ferrarius has a festival for Edilhunus. 8 That was the supposed day of his death in Ireland, when he fell a victim to the great pestilence a. d. 664. 9
Article II. —St. Landelinus, Solitary—and Martyr. The Life of this holy man -written about the year 1200 was to be found in a Codex
1
Bodecensis, and from it the Prior,
" Historia de Vita et Martyrio S. Landelini, qui sexto post Nativitatem
Christi seculo, vigessimo primo Septembris passus, Miraculis etiamnum
O'Sullivan Beare, enter St. Edilhun's feast at the 21st day of September,
claret. " It was printed a. d. 1621.
Afterwards, Gamansius, a Jesuit father,
Article —'
For Art. i.
R. P. F. Martinus Stephanus, compiled,
s
he quotes the authority of Venerable Bede's in the Fourth Volume of this work,
2
See "Historic Catholicae Ibernise the day of assignment for his feast in the
Seventh Volume of this work, Art. vi.
7 The precise situation of which is not
known.
8"
See Catalogus Generalis Sanctorum. "
i. In the first
edition,
in which
an account of
him,
see at that
date,
''
Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum," lib. iii. , cap. 27.
6
See a notice of him at the 27th o—
f July
—
Compendium," tomus i. , lib. iv. , cap. xi. , xii. , pp. 5I. S4-
3 See " Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Sep- tembris xxi. Among the pretermitted feasts, p. 185.
9 See Colgan's "Acta Sanctorum Hiber- 4 See " Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis An- niae," ii, Martii. Vita S. Ceddae, n. 5,
glorum," lib. iii. , cap. xxvii. , pp. 380 to 385.
p. 446.
Article ii.
—'Of the Ccenobium D.
Ethonis et S. Landelini.
Seethe Rev.
Works of Venerable Bede," vol. ii.
J.
A. Giles' "Miscellaneous
September 21. ]
LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 463
sent a transcript of that Codex to the Bollandists, in 1641. Both accounts state, that he was a Scotus, and at the assumed period of his mission, the term' means, that he was an Irishman. In his edition of Usuard, Father Soller, S. J. , supposes this saint to have been identified with Landelin, a disciple of St. Autbert of Cambray, abbot and confessor. At the 21st of
Friburg, Switzerland.
residence in that part of Strasburgh diocese, then situated on the confines of Brisgau, and c—alled Ortenau, and which in our times belongs to the diocese of Friburg the majestic Gothic cathedral of which, with its great
Emerson, p. 103. London, Royal 8vo. No date.
6
The accompanying view has been copied from an approved engraving, drawn on the wood and engraved by Gregor Grey.
7 " Viewed from the outside, the nave of the church appears much lower and shorter than it really is, on account of the height and position of the spire, which is placed imme- diately over the principal doorway. This
tower and
the interest and admiration of all visitors. 7 A poor man named Edulph,
surmounting
graceful perforated spire,
2 See " Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Sep- tembris xxi. Among the pretermitted feasts, pp. 182, 183.
3 With this the Benedictine Martyrologies and Ferrarius agree.
4 See, also, at that day, notices in the Sixth Volume of this work, under the head of St. Wandelinus, Wandalius, or Ladalinus, Confessor, Disciple of St. Columban, Art. vi.
5 See Beeton's "Dictionary of Universal
Information. " Geography, Biography, and false impression, however, vanishes as soon History. New edition, by George R. as we are inside. Suddenly everything
September, the Bol- landists3 have some
noticesofhim; and following the autho-
of the Bruxelles copy of Usuard,
rity
record the Translation, or, as
at the same date,? while they refer to his Life, inserted at the 15th of June/ Directedby a holy zeal to serve God in solitude, he came to Alsace ; one of the old German provinces, afterwards forming the two French
departments of the Upper and Lower
Rhine until 1871, when the victorious Germans annexed it to their Empire. * Afterwards passing the Rhine, he desired to fix his
they
Molanus has
the Elevation of St. Landelin, Abbot,
6 at attracts so much present
it,
464 LIVESOFTHEIRISHSAINTS. [September21 with his wife, lived in that part of the country, and he cultivated some waste
land in the desert. With him Landelin dwelt for a time but ;
desiring stricter retirement, he resolved on penetrating still further into the forests.
He found a little valley watered by a rivulet, and liking the situation, he
erected a hermitage, in which he resided, almost unknown to men. There
he cultivated the practice of many virtues, and spent his life in continuous
acts of prayer and contemplation. However, the wild country around him
was infested with robbers and assassins, who were a terror to all the
peaceably-disposedmembersofthecommunity. Howlongtheholyhermit lived in this solitude is unknown. But, it so happened, that a hunter,
belonging to one of the nobles in the country bordering on the forest, met him in that wilderness. Notwithstanding the innocence and candour which
graced the features of Landelin, he was suspected as being one of the malefactors in disguise. Whereupon the hunter slew him on the spot, and there left his body without sepulture. Hearing no account of the holy hermit for a considerable time, the wife of Edulph set out to seek him in the forest; whengreatwashersurpriseandsorrowtodiscoveronlyhisunburied remains. These she had interred about half a league from his abode, and at a place since known as Munch-weiler. There the tomb of Landelin is preserved behind the high altar of the parochial church. It was rendered famous for the many miracles there wrought in favour of those who sought his intercession. The martyrdom of St. Landelinus is commemorated in the Codex Hagenoyensis Usuardinus, andjby Greven, at the 21st day of Septem- ber. The place of the holy martyr's retreat was afterwards selected for the building of a church, and to it many pilgrims resorted. Several solitaries established themselves in that wilderness, formerly the resort of robbers and outlaws. To favour their pious desires, Bishop Widegeme founded a small monastery near the tomb of St. Landelin for Benedictine monks, and he endoweditwithsomeofhiscathedralrevenues. Itschurchwasdedicatedin honour of the Blessed Virgin, St. John the Baptist, and St. Peter. It got the name Cella monachorum, alias Ettonis-monasterium or " cell of the monks,"8 and which it communicated to the village, which is at the entrance to the Black Forest. Having been somewhat neglected by the successors of Bishop Widegeme, the monastery was restored by Bishop Heddon, who gaveitthenameofEttenheimmunster. Thisreligioushouseformedpartof that territory belonging to the principality of the Bishops of Strasbourg. The Bollandists are surprised, that Etto, the Bishop of Strasbourg, who restored the monastery at Ettenheim, and who enriched it with various gifts, makesnomentioninhiswill10ofSt. Landelin neitherdowriterswhohave
;
treated about that foundation and its restoration. Wherefore they greatly suspect, from the silence of ancient Martyrologies and writers, who have minute accounts of Alsace and Eastern France, that as the relics of Landelin, Abbot in Hannonia, had been brought to some places in Germany, so they might have been conveyed to Ettenheim, and that some one ignorant of Landelin's acts may have called him a martyr, while he was but a confessor, and may have considered him to have been a Scot, instead of his having been
grows to majestic proportions; the grey pillars rise high on every side, and the eye can scarcely take in the whole width from the door to the choir in one glance. "—" The Rhine from its Source to the Sea. " Trans- lated from the German by G. C. T. Bartley,
M. P. , chap, iv. , pp. 63, 64. London, 1888, 4to.
8"
See Gallia Christiana," tomus v. , col.
864.
9 See L'Abbe Hunckler's " Histoire des
Saints d'Alsace. "
,0
This was written in the eleventh year of
King Pipin's reign, A. D. 763. The text is given by Guillimann, in his History of the Bishops of Strasbourg, p. 106-
September 21. ] LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. 465
a native of Gaul or Belgium. " However, such conjectures rest on no very solid foundation.
Article III. —St. Saran mac Tiagharnaigh of Lesan, on Mount
Callan,andofCluainda-acrainCheachair. Thename,Saranmac 1
Trenaich, is found in the Martyrology of Tallagh, at the 19th of September; and this entry seems referable to the present date. The O'Clerys state, thatthepresentholymanwasthesonofTighernach,sonofMaenach. At the end of those saints he commemorates at the 21st of September, Marianus O'Gorman2 celebrates with eulogy this holy man, invoking his intercession
:
and that of others in the following manner " Saran,3 the goodley gem,
Tigemach's son/ whom I choose : may they fly with me past tribulation to
"
starry heaven as I ask !
that Sara—n was of Lesan—said to be identical with Lessan, Londonderry County 6 in the Sliabh Callann, and of Cluainda-acra, in Cechair. There is a repetition, at this date, of his name, paternity and places, in the Irish Ordnance Survey Copy of the O'Clerys' Irish Calendar. ? A corresponding account is to be found in a manuscript copy of that Calendar, once in Mr. O'Curry's possession. The foregoing entry in the Martyrology has been extracted to furnish it.
Article IV. —Feast of St. Caidoc, Abbot of Lanncarvan, in
Wales. TheActsofthisHolyAbbothavebeenalreadygiven,atthe24th
1
of January, which seems to have been the correct date for his festival, in
Great Britain. However, in the diocese of Vennes, in British America, his chief celebration appears to have been assigned to the 21st of September. * St. Cadoc or Cado, styled Bishop and Martyr, is said to have been a son of Gladuse, the daughter of Brecan, and to have had his festival at this date. *
ArticleV. —St. Maninius,orNaninus,Confessor. ASt. Maninius occurs at the 21st of September in the anonymous Calendar of Irish Saints, published by O'Sullivan Beare. 1 We are inclined to believe, that this is the
11 The Bollandists add " Miracula pos-
:
terioribus seculis patrata omnino vera esse possunt, etiamsi commissus credatur error ejusmodi. Priora vero seque ac martyrium et gesta omnia, prout relata sunt, plane suspecta videntur, Suspicionem nostram auget dies, quo martyrio sublatus dicitur
"
acra isin Cechair. Thus rendered into Eng- lish :
Saran, son of Tigernach, son of Maenach, from Lessan in Sliab Callann and Cluain da Acra in the Cechair.
5 Edited by Drs. Todd and Reeves, pp. 252, 253.
cum hie sit iile
facta est elevatio Landelini abbatis. "
6
MS. note to William M. Copy.
Landelinus,
ipse dies, quo —
Hennessy's Irish Aca-
Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Septembns
the—
Among pretermitted feasts, p. 183.
Now
7 preserved
in the
Royat
xxi.
Article hi. 'Edited by Rev. Dr.
It runs thus
Safari mac UiaShapnasVi mac
tYlaonaigh, o lefan 1 sliabh Callann acuj* 6 Cluain x—>a acj\A ipn Coacaijv"'
Article iv. In the First Volume of this work, Art. ii.
" See Albert le Grande " De Sanctis »
Do,„
Kelly, p. xxxiv.
2 See Dr. Whitley Stokes' " Felire Hui
Gormain," pp. 180, 181.
3 The following is the Irish text :
"Sanan• rocemm
'CO
P1
n^ „n,»
J-talJ^ *££ par
Guy-
mLn,
Lesan i Sliabh Callann ocus o Cluain da
4 The Irish comment on the text runs:
—
"
See Historiae Catholicoe
Saran mac Tigernaigh meic Maenaigh 6
At this date, we read in the Martyrology of Donegal,*
demy. "
:
Article v.
Iberniae Compendium," tomus i. , lib. iv. , cap. xi. , p. 51.
'
XG
466 LIVES OF THE IRISH SAINTS. [September 21.
same saint, who has been called Naninus, Confessor, at the same day of the month, in the Carthusian Martyrology, and in Henry Fitzsimon's
2 The Bollandists^ commemorate him on this
Ferrarius,* but they suspect, that the name is a corruption of Ninian, whose Acts had been already given at the 16th of this month. ' As we have seen at the day preceding, Thomas Dempster has given a festival to St. Ninian, and at this date to Naninus, a confessor. 6 But, as the Bollandists remark, he frequently multiplies saints and without authority.
Article VI. —St. Pampil or Pamphilus, Martyr at Rome. —At the 21st of September, Marianus O'Gorman enters the feast of St. Pampil or
Catalogue.
day, following
1 He suffered at and the Bollandists relate Martyrdom Rome,
Pamphilus.
whatever they could collect regarding him, at this same date. 2
Article VII. —St. Alexander, Bishop and Martyr. —In the Martyrology of Marianus O'Gorman, at the 21st of September, is entered
the feast of Alexander
Actsofthis
rendered " Alexander. "1 The conspicuous
airdeirc, holy martyr
Article VIII. —St. Clemeint or Clemens. At the 21st of Septem- ber, Marianus O'Gorman has a feast for Clemeint or Clemens. 1 We find in
no other Calendar a saint of his name, at this date.
Article IX. —Reputed Feast of Ciricc, or Cyricus. At the 21st of September, Marianus O'Gorman has entered " Ciricc caraim," rendered
In no other Calendar, that I know is there of,
but, a St. Cyricus, a Thracian, hermit and con- fessor,—is honoured on the 27th day of March, and a St. Cyricus, a martyr at Rome whose period has not been ascertained—is venerated on the 4th of
are
published by
the
Bollandists,
2 and
interesting
they are preceded by a previous commentary,3 with notes appended, by Father John Perier, S. J. , at this day. He suffered martyrdom under the Emperor Antoninus, and his Acts were written by an eye-witness, the Priest Crisentianus.
whom I love. " 1 such a festival at this date ;
**
Cyricus,
July.
" See ibid. , cap. xii. , p. 56.
3 See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Sep-
tembrisxxi. Amwgthepretermittedfeasts,
p. 183.
4 " Nanius episcopus bis annunciatur apud
Ferrarium, ante in Hibernia, deinde in
Article VI. —'See Dr. Whitley Stokes' " Felire Hui Gormain," pp. 180, 181.
3
See "Acta Sanctorum," tomus vi. , Septembris xxi. De S. Samphilo Martyre Romse, Sylloge. De Memoria in Martyro- logiis, Cultu et Reliquiis. In five paragraphs, pp. 236, 237.
