« You know Gavrila, I suppose, the
carpenter
up in the big
village ?
village ?
Warner - World's Best Literature - v26 - Tur to Wat
M.
, LL.
D.
,
Professor of Hebrew, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, Mass.
9
THOMAS R. LOUNSBURY, LL. D. , L. H. D. ,
Professor of English in the Sheffield Scientific School of
YALE UNIVERSITY, New Haven, Conn.
WILLIAM M. SLOANE, Ph. D. , L. H. D. ,
Professor of History and Political Science,
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY, Princeton, N. J.
BRANDER MATTHEWS, A. M. , LL, B. ,
Professor of Literature, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, New York City.
JAMES B. ANGELL, LL. D. .
President of the UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, Ann Arbor, Mich.
WILLARD FISKE, A. M. , Ph. D. ,
Late Professor of the Germanic and Scandinavian Languages
and Literatures,
CORNELL UNIVERSITY, Ithaca, N. Y.
EDWARD S. HOLDEN, A. M. , LL. D. ,
Director of the Lick Observatory, and Astronomer,
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, Berkeley, Cal.
ALCÉE FORTIER, LIT. D. ,
Professor of the Romance Languages,
TULANE UNIVERSITY, New Orleans, La.
WILLIAM P. TRENT, M. A. ,
Dean of the Department of Arts and Sciences, and Professor of
English and History,
UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH, Sewanee, Tenn.
PAUL SHOREY, Ph. D. ,
Professor of Greek and Latin Literature,
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, Chicago, Ill.
WILLIAM T. HARRIS, LL. D. ,
United States Commissioner of Education,
BUREAU OF EDUCATION, Washington, D. C.
MAURICE FRANCIS EGAN, A. M. , LL. D. ,
Professor of Literature in the xd
CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA, Washington, D. C.
## p. 15080 (#16) ###########################################
## p. 15081 (#17) ###########################################
V
TABLE OF CONTENTS
VOL. XXVI
LIVED
PAGE
15091
IVAN TURGENEFF (Continued from Vol. xxv. )
Byezhin Prairie (A Sportsman's Sketches')
The Singers (same)
A Living Relic (same)
Moses Coit TYLER
1835–
15131
Early Verse-Writing in New England (A History of Amer-
ican Literature')
The Declaration of Independence ('The Literary History
of the American Revolution')
15141
JOHN TYNDALL
1820-1893
The Matterhorn ('Hours of Exercise in the Alps ')
The Claims of Science (Belfast Address')
TYRTÆUS, ARChILOCHUS, AND THEIR SUCCESSORS, IN THE DE-
VELOPMENT OF GREEK LYRIC
700-500 B. C.
15161
BY H. RUSHTON FAIRCLOUGH
Tyrtæus: Marching Song: Elegy
Mimnermus: Old Age
Archilochus: Epigrams; Faith; On Equanimity
Callistratus: On Harmodius and Aristogeiton
Hybrias: Soldiers' Song
Spring Song of the Rhodian Children
Ibycus: Love
Bacchylides: Wine and Love; Pæan to Peace
Johann Ludwig UHLAND
1787-1862
15185
BY CHARLES HARVEY GENUNG
The Shepherd's Song on the
Lord's Day
The Luck of Edenhall
The Minstrel's Curse
## p. 15082 (#18) ###########################################
vi
LIVED
PAGE
JOHANN LUDWIG L'HLAND - Continued :
Entertainment
The Sunken Crown
The Mountain Boy
A Mother's Grave
The Castle by the Sea
The Chapel
The Passage
The Smithying of Sigfrid's
The Nun
Sword
The Serenade
Ichabod: the Glory has De-
To
parted
ARMANDO PALACIO VALDÉS
1853-
15199
BY WILLIAM HENRY BISHOP
The Belle of the Village Store (Señorito Octavio')
Maria's Way to Perfection (Marta y Maria')
A Friendly Argument in the Café de la Marina ('El Cuarto
Poder)
Venturita Wins Away her Sister's Lover (same)
JUAN VALERA
1827-
15220
BY WILLIAM HENRY BISHOP
Youth and Crabbed Age (Pepita Ximenez')
Pepita's Appearance at the Garden Party (same)
A Noonday Apparition in the Glen (same)
The Evenings at Pepita's Tertulia (same)
Pepita's Eyes (same)
The Struggle Between the Interests of Heaven and Earth
(same)
How Young Don Fadrique was Persuaded to Dance (Com-
mander Mendoza')
HENRY VAN DYKE
1852-
15237
Little Rivers ('Little Rivers')
The Malady of Modern Doubt (“The Gospel for an Age
of Doubt')
An Angler's Wish
Tennyson
The Veery
15248
Giorgio VASARI
1512-1574
Raphael Sanzio ('Lives of the Most Eminent Painters,
Sculptors, and Architects')
## p. 15083 (#19) ###########################################
vii
LIVED
PAGE
15257
HENRY VAUGHAN
The Retreate
The Ornament
They are All Gone
1621–1695
The Revival
Retirement
The Palm-Tree
IVAN VAZOFF
1850-
15263
BY LUCY CATLIN BULL
The Pine-Tree: Allegory of the Ancient Kingdom of Bul-
garia
The Sewing-Party at Altinovo (Under the Yoke')
LOPE DE VEGA
1562-1635
15287
BY MAURICE FRANCIS EGAN
Sancho the Brave (Estrella de Sevilla')
GIOVANNI VERGA
1840-
15297
BY NATHAN HASKELL DOLE
Home Tragedy
PAUL VERLAINE
1844-1896
15313
BY VICTOR CHARBONNEL
Clair de Lune
Le Faune
Mandoline
L'Amour Par Terre
The Spell
From Birds in the Night'
Après Trois Ans
Mon Rêve Familier
Le Rossignol
Inspiration
15323
JONES VERY
The Tree
Day
Night
The Dead
Man in Harmony with Na.
ture
1803-1880
The Giants
The Humming-Bird
The Builders
The Wood-Wax
Beauty
The Prayer
Louis VEUILLOT
1813-1883
15330
BY FRÉDÉRIC LOLIÉE
A Remembrance (Çà et Là')
Tigruche (Les Odeurs de Paris')
A Bon-Mot (same)
## p. 15084 (#20) ###########################################
viii
LIVED
PAGE
Louis VEUILLOT — Continued :
Bétinet, Avenger of Letters ('Les Odeurs de Paris')
Hic Aliquis de Gente Hircosa (same)
A Duel (same)
ALFRED DE VIGNY
1797-1863
15341
BY GRACE KING
Moses
Eloa
Laurette, or the Red Seal
15354
PASQUALE VILLARI
1827-
Savonarola ('Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola')
HERSART DE LA VILLEMARQUÉ: THE HEROIC AND LEGENDARY
LITERATURE OF BRITTANY
15377
BY WILLIAM SHARP
The Wine of the Gauls and the Dance of the Sword -
Dialect of Léon
The Tribute of Noménoë - Cornouaille Dialect
The Foster-Brother - Tréguier Dialect
FRANÇOIS VILLON
1431-146-?
15392
From the Greater Testament': Here Beginneth Villon
to Enter upon Matter Full of Erudition and of Fair
Knowledge
Ballad of Old-Time Ladies
Ballad of Old-Time Lords (No. 1)
Ballad of Old-Time Lords (No. 2)
Ballad of the Women of Paris
Ballad that Villon Made at the Request of His Mother,
Wherewithal to Do Her Homage to Our Lady
Lay, or Rather Roundel
Ballad of Villon in Prison
The Epitaph in Ballad Form that Villon Made for Him-
self and His Companions, Expecting no Better than to
be Hanged in Their Company
Ballad of Things Known and Unknown
Ballad Against Those Who Missay of France
Ballad of the Debate of the Heart and Body of Villon
## p. 15085 (#21) ###########################################
ix
LIVED
PAGE
VIRGIL
70-19 B. C.
15413
BY WILLIAM CRANSTON LAWTON
The First Eclogue
My Heart's Desire (Georgics')
The Fall of Troy (Æneid')
The Curse of Queen Dido (same)
The Vision of the Future (same)
Melchior De VOGUÉ
1848-
15439
BY GRACE KING
Death of William I. of Germany
Realistic Literature and the Russian Novel
VOLTAIRE
1694-1778 15449
BY ADOLPHE COHN
The Irrepressible King (History of Charles XII. , King of
Sweden)
War (Philosophical Dictionary')
Appearances (same)
On the Contradictions of this World (same)
On Reading (same)
The Ignorant Philosopher (same)
Climate (same)
Luxury (same)
Passages from the Pamphlets
Country Life (“Correspondence'): To Madame du Deffand:
To Dupont
Voltaire to Rousseau (same)
The Drama ("Letter to an Italian Nobleman')
To Theuriet
Greatness and Utility (Letters on the English ')
To a Lady
15491
Joost VAN DER VONDEL
1587-1679
To Geeraert Vossius: On the Loss of His Son
From Lucifer
RICHARD WAGNER
1813–1883
15499
BY CHARLES HARVEY GENUNG
Beside the Hearth
The Function of the Artist (Opera and Drama')
From The Art Work of the Future)
## p. 15086 (#22) ###########################################
X
LIVED
PAGE
ALFRED RUSSEL WALLACE
1822-
15517
How the Rajah Took the Census (“The Malay Archi-
pelago')
Life in the Malay Archipelago (same)
A Visit to the Chief (Orang Kaya) of a Borneo Vil-
lage; The Durion; Cat's-Cradle in Borneo; The Trial
of a Thief. in Java; Architecture in the Celebes
1827-
15531
Lewis WALLACE
The Galley Fight (Ben-Hur')
The Chariot Race (same)
EDMUND WALLER
1605–1687 15555
From the Poem of the Danger His Majesty (Being
Prince) Escaped in the Road at St. Andero'
The Countess of Carlisle: Of Her Chamber
On a Girdle
Go, Lovely Rose
From A Panegyric to My Lord Protector)
On Love
At Penshurst
HORACE WALPOLE
1717-1797 15565
Cock-Lane Ghost and Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (“Let-
'ter to Sir Horace Mann')
A Year of Fashion in Walpole's Day (Letter to the Earl
of Hertford')
Funeral of George II. (Letter to George Montagu, Esq. ')
Gossip About the French and French Women (‘Letter to
Mr. Gray)
The English Climate (Letter to George Montagu, Esq. ')
WALTHER VON DER VOGELWEIDE AND His TIMES
Thirteenth Century
15580
BY CHARLES HARVEY GENUNG
Song of Walther von der Vogelweide
Lament of Walther von der Vogelweide
Song of Wolfram von Eschenbach
Blanchefleur at the Tournament (Tristan and Isolde' of
Gottfried von Strassburg)
Song of Heinrich von Veldeche
Song of Heinrich von Morungen (No. 1)
1
## p. 15087 (#23) ###########################################
xi
LIVED
PAGE
WALTHER VON DER VOGELWEIDE AND His TIMES - Continued :
Song of Heinrich von Morungen (No. 2)
Song of Count Kraft von Toggenburg
Song of Steinmar
Song of the Marner »
Absence (Anonymous)
Song of Conrad von Würzburg
Song of Johann Hadloub
IZAAK WALTON
1593–1683
15601
BY HENRY VAN DYKE
From the Life of Mr. Richard Hooker)
From the Life of Mr. George Herbert'
From The Compleat Angler'
ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS WARD
1844-
15623
In the Gray Goth (Men, Women, and Ghosts')
15641
Mrs. HUMPHRY WARD
1851-
Marcella in Peasant Society (Marcella')
David and Elise ('The History of David Grieve')
1732–1799
15665
GEORGE WASHINGTON
Washington's Farewell Address
David Atwood WASSON
1823–1887 15683
The Genius of Woman (Essays; Religious, Social, Polit-
ical)
Social Texture (same)
15692
JOHN WATSON (“Ian Maclaren)
A Triumph in Diplomacy (Days of Auld Lang Syne').
## p. 15088 (#24) ###########################################
## p. 15089 (#25) ###########################################
LIST OF PORTRAITS
IN VOL. XXVI
Vignette
Full page
Full page
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Full page
Moses Coit Tyler
John Tyndall
Johann Ludwig Uhland
Henry Van Dyke
Giorgio Vasari
Ivan Vazoff
Lope de Vega
Paul Verlaine
Jones Very
Louis Veuillot
Alfred de Vigny
François Villon
Virgil
Voltaire
Joost van der Vondel
Richard Wagner
Alfred Russel Wallace
Lewis Wallace
Edmund Waller
Horace Walpole
Walther von der Vogelweide
Izaak Walton
Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward
Mrs. Humphry Ward
George Washington
John Watson (Ian Maclaren
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Full page
Full page
Vignette
Full page
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Full page
Vignette
## p. 15090 (#26) ###########################################
## p. 15091 (#27) ###########################################
15091
IVAN TURGENEFF
[Selections continued from Volume xxv. ]
BYEZHIN PRAIRIE
From (A Sportsman's Sketches)
I
I got
FOUND out at last where I had got to. This plain was well
known in our parts under the name of Byezhin Prairie.
But there was no possibility of returning home, especially
at night; my legs were sinking under me from weariness. I
decided to get down to the fires and to wait for the dawn in
the company of these men, whom I took for drovers.
down successfully; but I had hardly let go of the last branch I
had grasped, when suddenly two large shaggy white dogs rushed
angrily barking upon me. The sound of ringing boyish voices
came from round the fires; two or three boys quickly got up
from the ground. I called back in response to their shouts of
inquiry. They ran up to me, and at once called off the dogs,
who were especially struck by the appearance of my Dianka. I
came down to them.
I had been mistaken in taking the figures sitting round the
fires for drovers. They were simply peasant boys from a neigh-
boring village, who were in charge of a drove of horses. In hot
summer weather with us they drive the horses out at night to
graze in the open country: the flies and gnats would give them
no peace in the daytime; they drive out the drove towards even-
ing, and drive them back in the early morning: it's a great treat
for the peasant boys. Bare-headed, in old fur capes, they bestride
the most spirited nags, and scurry along with merry cries and
hooting and ringing laughter, swinging their arms and legs, and
leaping into the air. The fine dust is stirred up in yellow clouds
and moves along the road; the tramp of hoofs in unison resounds
afar: the horses race along, pricking up their ears; in front of
all, with his tail in the air and thistles in his tangled mane,
prances some shaggy chestnut, constantly shifting his paces as
he goes.
I told the boys I had lost my way, and sat down with
them. They asked me where I came from, and then were silent
## p. 15092 (#28) ###########################################
15092
IVAN TURGENEFF
for a little and turned away. Then we talked a little again. I
lay down under a bush, whose shoots had been nibbled off, and
began to look round. It was a marvelous picture: about the fire
a red ring of light quivered, and seemed to swoon away in the
embrace of a background of darkness; the flame, faring up from
time to time, cast swift flashes of light beyond the boundary of
this circle; a fine tongue of light licked the dry twigs and died
away at once; long thin shadows, in their turn breaking in for
an instant, danced right up to the very fires: darkness was
struggling with light. Sometimes when the fire burnt low and
the circle of light shrank together, suddenly out of the encroach-
ing darkness a horse's head was thrust in, — bay, with striped
markings, or all white,- stared with intent black eyes upon us,
nipped hastily the long grass, and drawing back again, vanished
instantly. One could only hear it still munching and snorting.
From the circle of light it was hard to make out what was
going on in the darkness: everything close at hand seemed shut
off by an almost black curtain; but farther away, hills and for-
ests were dimly visible in long blurs upon the horizon.
Scarcely a sound was to be heard around; only at times, in
the river near, the sudden splash of a big fish leaping, and the
faint rustle of a reed on the bank, swaying lightly as the rip-
ples reached it. The fires alone kept up a subdued crackling.
The boys sat round them; there too sat the two dogs, who had
been so eager to devour me. They could not for long after
reconcile themselves to my presence, and drowsily blinking and
staring into the fire, they growled now and then with an un-
wonted sense of their own dignity; first they growled, and then
whined a little, as though deploring the impossibility of carry-
ing out their desires. There were altogether five boys: Fedya,
Pavlusha, Ilyusha, Kostya, and Vanya. -- From their talk I learnt
their names, and I intend now to introduce them to the reader.
The first and eldest of all, Fedya, one would take to be about
fourteen. He was a well-made boy, with good-looking, delicate,
rather small features, curly fair hair, bright eyes, and a perpetual
half merry, half careless smile. He belonged by all appearances
to a well-to-do family; and had ridden out to the prairie not
through necessity, but for amusement.
He wore
a gay print
shirt, with a yellow border; a short new overcoat slung round
his neck was almost slipping off his narrow shoulders; a comb
hung from his blue belt. His boots, coming a little way up the
leg, were certainly his own - not his father's. The second boy,
## p. 15093 (#29) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15093
-
Pavlusha, had tangled black hair, gray eyes, broad cheek-bones,
a pale face pitted with small-pox, a large but well-cut mouth;
his head altogether was large — "a beer-barrel head," as they
say — and his figure was square and clumsy. He was not a
good-looking boy - there's no denying it! - and yet I liked him:
he looked very sensible and straightforward, and there was a
vigorous ring in his voice. He had nothing to boast of in his
attire: it consisted simply of a homespun shirt and patched trou-
sers. The face of the third, Ilyusha, was rather uninteresting:
it was a long face, with short-sighted eyes and a hook nose; it
expressed a kind of dull, fretful uneasiness; his tightly drawn
lips seemed rigid; his contracted brow never relaxed; he seemed
continually blinking from the firelight. His flaxen — almost white
— hair hung out in thin wisps under his low felt hat, which he
kept pulling down with both hands over his ears. He had on
new bast-shoes and leggings; a thick string, wound three times
round his figure, carefully held together his neat black smock.
Neither he nor Pavlusha looked more than twelve years old.
The fourth, Kostya, a boy of ten, aroused my curiosity by his
thoughtful and sorrowful look. His whole face was small, thin,
freckled, pointed at the chin like a squirrel's; his lips were barely
perceptible: but his great black eyes, that shone with liquid
brilliance, produced a strange impression; they seemed trying to
express something for which the tongue - his tongue, at least - -
had no words. He was undersized and weakly, and dressed
rather poorly. The remaining boy, Vanya, I had not noticed at
first: he was lying on the ground, peacefully curled up under a
square rug, and only occasionally thrust his curly brown head out
from under it; this boy was seven years old at the most.
So I lay under the bush at one side and looked at the boys.
A small pot was hanging over one of the fires: in it potatoes
were cooking. Pavlusha was looking after them, and on his knees
he was trying them by poking a splinter of wood into the boiling
water. Fedya was lying leaning on his elbow, and smoothing
out the skirts of his coat. Ilyusha was sitting beside Kostya, and
still kept blinking constrainedly. , Kostya's head drooped despond-
ently, and he looked away into the distance. Vanya did not stir
under his rug.
I pretended to be asleep. Little by little, the
boys began talking again.
At first they gossiped of one thing and another, - the work
of to-morrow, the horses; but suddenly Fedya turned to Ilyusha,
-
## p. 15094 (#30) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15094
and as though taking up again an interrupted conversation, asked
him :-
»
"Come then, so you've seen the domovoy? ”
“No, I didn't see him, and no one ever can see him," an-
swered Ilyusha, in a weak hoarse voice, the sound of which was
wonderfully in keeping with the expression of his face: “I heard
him. Yes, and not I alone. ”
“Where does he live - in your place ? ” asked Pavlusha.
“In the old paper-mill. ”
“Why, do you go to the factory ? ”
« Of course
we do.
My brother Avdushka and I, we are
paper-glazers. ”
"I say — factory hands! ”
"Well, how did you hear it, then ? ” asked Fedya.
"It was like this. It happened that I and my brother Av-
dushka, with Fyodor of Mihyevska, and Ivashka the Squint-
eyed, and the other Ivashka who comes from the Red Hills,
and Ivashka of Suhorukov too, and there were some other boys
there as well, – there were ten of us boys there altogether, -
the whole shift that is, – it happened that we spent the night at
the paper-mill; that's to say, it didn't happen, but Nazarov the
overseer kept us. Why,' said he, should you waste time
going home, boys? There's a lot of work to-morrow; so don't go
home, boys. ' So we stopped, and were all lying down together;
and Avdushka had just begun to say, I say, boys, suppose the
domovoy were to come ? ) And before he'd finished saying so, some
one suddenly began walking over our heads: we were lying down
below, and he began walking up-stairs overhead where the wheel
is. We listened: he walked; the boards seemed to be bending
under him, they creaked so; then he crossed over, above our
heads: all of a sudden the water began to drip and drip over the
wheel; the wheel rattled and rattled and again began to turn,
though the sluices of the conduit above had been let down. We
wondered who could have lifted them up so that the water could
run; anyway, the wheel turned and turned a little, and then
stopped. Then he went to the door overhead, and began coming
down-stairs, and came down like this, not hurrying himself; and
the stairs seemed to groan under him too.
“Well, he came right down to our door, and waited and waited
and all of a sudden the door simply flew open. We were in a
fright; we looked – there was nothing. Suddenly what if the net
-
.
(
## p. 15095 (#31) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15095
on one of the vats didn't begin moving; it got up, and went ris-
ing and ducking and moving in the air as though some one were
stirring with it, and then it was in its place again. Then at
another vat a hook came off its nail, and then was on its nail
again; and then it seemed as if some one came to the door, and
suddenly coughed and choked like a sheep, but so loudly! We
all fell down in a heap and huddled against one another. Just
weren't we in a fright that night! )
"I say! ” murmured Pavel, “what did he cough for ? »
"I don't know: perhaps it was the damp. ”
All were silent for a little.
"Well,” inquired Fedya, "are the potatoes done? ”
Pavlusha tried them.
“No, they are raw. - My, what a splash! ” he added, turning
his face in the direction of the river: “that must be a pike.
And there's a star falling. ”
«I say, I can tell you something, brothers,” began Kostya in
a shrill little voice: “listen what my dad told me the other day. ”
« Well, we are listening,” said Fedya with a patronizing air.
« You know Gavrila, I suppose, the carpenter up in the big
village ? ”
“ Yes, we know him. ”
“And do you know why he is so sorrowful always, never
speaks? do you know? I'll tell you why he's so sorrowful; he
went one day, daddy said, - he went, brothers, into the forest
nutting So he went nutting into the forest and lost his way;
he went on -God only can tell where he got to. So he went
on and on, brothers; but 'twas no good! he could not find the
way: and so night came on out of doors. So he sat down under
a tree. I'll wait till morning,' thought he. He sat down and
began to drop asleep. So as he was falling asleep, suddenly he
heard some one call him. He looked up: there was no one.
He
fell asleep again; again he was called. He looked and looked
again; and in front of him there sat a russalka on a branch,
swinging herself and calling him to her, and simply dying with
laughing, she laughed so. And the moon was shining bright, so
bright, the moon shone so clear,- everything could be seen plain,
brothers. So she called him, and she herself was as bright and
as white sitting on the branch as some dace or roach, or like
some little carp so white and silvery. Gavrila the carpenter
almost fainted, brothers; but she laughed without stopping, and
-
## p. 15096 (#32) ###########################################
15096
IVAN TURGENEFF
>
kept beckoning him to her like this. Then Gavrila was just get-
ting up; he was just going to yield to the russalka, brothers, but
- the Lord put it into his heart, doubtless — he crossed himself,
like this. And it was so hard for him to make that cross, broth-
ers: he said, "My hand was simply like a stone; it would not
move. '— Ugh! the horrid witch. — So when he made the cross,
brothers, the russalka she left off laughing, and all at once how
she did cry.
She cried, brothers, and wiped her eyes with her
hair, and her hair was green as any hemp. So Gavrila looked and
looked at her, and at last he fell to questioning her. Why are
you weeping, wild thing of the woods ? ' And the russalka began
to speak to him like this: “If you had not crossed yourself, man,'
she says, you should have lived with me in gladness of heart to
the end of your days; and I weep, I am grieved at heart, because
you crossed yourself: but I will not grieve alone; you too shall
grieve at heart till the end of your days. ' Then she vanished,
brothers, and at once it was plain to Gavrila how to get out of
the forest. Only since then he goes always sorrowful, as you
see. ”
“Ugh! ” said Fedya after a brief silence; but how can such
an evil thing of the woods ruin a Christian soul? - He did not
listen to her ! »
“And I say! ” said Kostya: “Gavrila said that her voice was
as shrill and as plaintive as a toad's. ”
“Did your father tell you that himself ? » Fedya went on.
Yes. I was lying in the loft. I heard it all. "
"It's a strange thing. Why should he be sorrowful? But I
suppose she liked him, since she called him. ”
“Ay, she liked him! ” put in Ilyusha. “Yes, indeed! she
wanted to tickle him to death, that's what she wanted. That's
what they do, those russalkas. ”
« There ought to be russalkas here too, I suppose,” observed
Fedya.
"No," answered Kostya: “this is a holy open place. There's
one thing, though: the river's near. ”
All were silent. Suddenly from out of the distance came a
prolonged, resonant, almost wailing sound,- one of those inex-
plicable sounds of the night, which break upon a profound still-
ness, rise upon the air, linger, and slowly die away at last. You
listen: it is as though there was nothing, yet it echoes still. It
is as though some one had uttered a long, long cry upon the
»
(
c
## p. 15097 (#33) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15097
(
very horizon; as though some other had answered him with shrill
harsh laughter in the forest: and a faint, hoarse hissing hovers
over the river. The boys looked round about, shivering.
“Christ's aid be with us! » whispered Ilyusha.
"Ah, you craven crows! ” cried Pavel, “what are you fright-
ened of? Look, the potatoes are done. ” (They all came up to
the pot and began to eat the smoking potatoes; only Vanya did
not stir. ) “Well, aren't you coming ? ” said Pavel.
But he did not creep out from under his rug. The pot was
soon completely emptied.
“Have you heard, boys,” began Ilyusha, “what happened with
us at Varnavitsi ? »
«Near the dam ? ” asked Fedya.
“Yes, yes, near the dam, the broken-down dam. That is a
haunted place, such a haunted place, and so lonely. All round
there are pits and quarries, and there are always snakes in
pits. ”
“Well, what did happen ? Tell us. ”
"Well, this is what happened. You don't know, perhaps,
Fedya, but there a drowned man was buried; he was drowned
long, long ago, when the water was still deep: only his grave
can still be seen, though it can only just be seen – like this — a
little mound. So one day the bailiff called the huntsman Yer-
mil, and says to him, “Go to the post, Yermil. Yermil always
goes to the post for us. He has let all his dogs die: they never
will live with him, for some reason, and they have never lived
with him, though he's a good huntsman, and every one liked him.
So Yermil went to the post, and he stayed a bit in the town; and
when he rode back, he was a little tipsy. It was night,-a fine
night; the moon was shining. So Yermil rode across the dam:
his way lay there. So as he rode along, he saw on the drowned
man's grave a little lamb, so white and curly and pretty, running
about. So Yermil thought, I will take him;' and he got down
and took him in his arms. But the little lamb didn't take any
notice. So Yermil goes back to his horse, and the horse stares
at him, and snorts and shakes his head; however, he said whoa
to him and sat on him with the lamb, and rode on again; he
held the lamb in front of him. He looks at him; and the lamb
looks him straight in the face, like this. Yermil the huntsman
felt upset. I don't remember,' he said, 'that lambs ever look
at any one like that;' however, he began to stroke it like this
>
-
## p. 15098 (#34) ###########################################
15098
IVAN TURGENEFF
on its wool, and to say, 'Chucky! chucky! And the lamb sud-
denly showed its teeth and said too, Chucky! chucky! ) »
The boy who was telling the story had hardly uttered this
last word, when suddenly both dogs got up at once, and barking
convulsively, rushed away from the fire and disappeared in the
darkness. All the boys were alarmed. Vanya jumped up from
under his rug. Pavlusha ran shouting after the dogs. Their
barking quickly grew fainter in the distance. There was the
noise of the uneasy tramp of the frightened drove of horses.
Pavlusha shouted aloud, "Hey Gray! Beetle! ” In a few minutes
the barking ceased; Pavel's voice sounded still in the distance.
A little time more passed; the boys kept looking about in
perplexity, as though expecting something to happen. Suddenly
the tramp of a galloping horse was heard; it stopped short at
the pile of wood, and hanging on to the mane, Pavel sprang
nimbly off it. Both the dogs also leaped into the circle of light,
and at once sat down, their red tongues hanging out.
“What was it? what was it? " asked the boys.
“Nothing," answered Pavel, waving his hand to his horse; "I
suppose the dogs scented something. I thought it was a wolf,”
he added, calmly drawing deep breaths into his chest.
I could not help admiring Pavel. He was very fine at that
moment. His ugly face, animated by his swift ride, glowed with
hardihood and determination. Without even a switch in his hand,
he had, without the slightest hesitation, rushed out into the night
alone to face a wolf. “What a splendid fellow! ” I thought,
looking at him. ,
« Have you seen any wolves, then ? ” asked the trembling
Kostya.
“There are always a good many of them here,” answered
Pavel; “but they are only troublesome in the winter. ”
He crouched down again before the fire. As he sat down
on the ground, he laid his hand on the shaggy head of one of
the dogs. For a long while the flattered brute did not turn his
head, gazing sidewise with grateful pride at Pavlusha.
Vanya lay down under his rug again.
“What dreadful things you were telling us, Ilyusha! ” began
Fedya; whose part it was, as the son of a well-to-do peasant, to
lead the conversation. (He spoke little himself, apparently afraid
of lowering his dignity. ) "And then some evil spirit set the
dogs barking. Certainly I have heard that place was haunted. ”
## p. 15099 (#35) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15099
-
(
>>>
>
«Varnavitsi ? I should think it was haunted! More than
once, they say, they have seen the old master there — the late
master. He wears, they say, a long-skirted coat, and keeps
groaning like this, and looking for something on the ground.
Once grandfather Trofimitch met him. What,' says he, your
Honor, Ivan Ivan'itch, are you pleased to look for on the
ground? ) »
“He asked him ? ” put in Fedya in amazement.
“Yes, he asked him. ”
«Well, I call Trofimitch a brave fellow after that. Well,
what did he say? ”
« I am looking for the herb that cleaves all things,' says
he. But he speaks so thickly, so thickly. —'And what, your
Honor, Ivan Ivan'itch, do you want with the herb that cleaves all
things ? '— 'The tomb weighs on me; it weighs on me, Trofim-
itch: I want to get away-
away. '
“My word! " observed Fedya: “he didn't enjoy his life enough,
I suppose. ”
«What a marvel! ” said Kostya. "I thought one could only
see the departed on All Hallows' day. ”
“One can see the departed any time,” Ilyusha interposed with
conviction. From what I could observe, I judged he knew the
village superstitions better than the others. “But on All Hal-
lows' day you can see the living too; those, that is, whose turn it
is to die that year.
You need only sit in the church porch, and
keep looking at the road. They will come by you along the road;
those, that is, who will die that year. Last year old Ulyana went
to the porch. "
“Well, did she see any one ? ” asked Kostya inquisitively.
« To be sure she did. At first she sat a long, long while,
and saw no one, and heard nothing; only it seemed as if some
dog kept whining and whining like this, somewhere. Suddenly she
looks up: a boy comes along the road with only a shirt on.
looked at him. It was Ivashka Fedosyev. ”
“He who died in the spring ? ” put in Fedya.
"Yes, he. He came along and never lifted up his head.
But
Ulyana knew him. And then she looks again: a woman came
along. She stared and stared at her. Ah, God Almighty! it was
herself coming along the road; Ulyana herself. ”
« Could it be herself? ” asked Fedya,
“Yes, by God, herself. ”
>
»
## p. 15100 (#36) ###########################################
15100
IVAN TURGENEFF
>
(
"Well, but she is not dead yet, you know?
"But the year is not over yet. And only look at her: her life
hangs on a thread. ”
All were still again. Pavel threw a handful of dry twigs
on to the fire. They were soon charred by the suddenly leaping
flame; they cracked and smoked, and began to contract, curling
up their burning ends. Gleams of light in broken flashes glanced
in all directions, especially upwards. Suddenly a white dove
flew straight into the bright light, fluttered round and round in
terror, bathed in the red glow, and disappeared with a whir of
its wings.
“It's lost its home, I suppose,” remarked Pavel. “Now it will
fly till it gets somewhere where it can rest till dawn. ”
"Why, Pavlusha,” said Kostya, "might it not be a just soul
flying to heaven ? »
Pavel threw another handful of twigs on to the fire.
"Perhaps," he said at last.
"But tell us, please, Pavlusha,” began Fedya, "what was seen
in your parts at Shalamovy at the heavenly portent ?
« When the sun could not be seen? Yes, indeed. ”
"Were you frightened then? ”
Yes; and we weren't the only ones. Our master, though he
talked to us beforehand, and said there would be a heavenly por-
tent, yet when it got dark, they say he himself was frightened
out of his wits. And in the house-serfs' cottage, the old woman,
directly it grew dark, broke all the dishes in the oven with the
poker. Who will eat now? ' she said: (the last day has come. '
So the soup was all running about the place. And in the village
there were such tales about among us: that white wolves would
run over the earth, and would eat men; that a bird of prey would
pounce down on us; and that they would even see Trishka. ” +
«What is Trishka ? ” asked Kostya.
“Why, don't you know ?
Professor of Hebrew, HARVARD UNIVERSITY, Cambridge, Mass.
9
THOMAS R. LOUNSBURY, LL. D. , L. H. D. ,
Professor of English in the Sheffield Scientific School of
YALE UNIVERSITY, New Haven, Conn.
WILLIAM M. SLOANE, Ph. D. , L. H. D. ,
Professor of History and Political Science,
PRINCETON UNIVERSITY, Princeton, N. J.
BRANDER MATTHEWS, A. M. , LL, B. ,
Professor of Literature, COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY, New York City.
JAMES B. ANGELL, LL. D. .
President of the UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, Ann Arbor, Mich.
WILLARD FISKE, A. M. , Ph. D. ,
Late Professor of the Germanic and Scandinavian Languages
and Literatures,
CORNELL UNIVERSITY, Ithaca, N. Y.
EDWARD S. HOLDEN, A. M. , LL. D. ,
Director of the Lick Observatory, and Astronomer,
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, Berkeley, Cal.
ALCÉE FORTIER, LIT. D. ,
Professor of the Romance Languages,
TULANE UNIVERSITY, New Orleans, La.
WILLIAM P. TRENT, M. A. ,
Dean of the Department of Arts and Sciences, and Professor of
English and History,
UNIVERSITY OF THE SOUTH, Sewanee, Tenn.
PAUL SHOREY, Ph. D. ,
Professor of Greek and Latin Literature,
UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO, Chicago, Ill.
WILLIAM T. HARRIS, LL. D. ,
United States Commissioner of Education,
BUREAU OF EDUCATION, Washington, D. C.
MAURICE FRANCIS EGAN, A. M. , LL. D. ,
Professor of Literature in the xd
CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY OF AMERICA, Washington, D. C.
## p. 15080 (#16) ###########################################
## p. 15081 (#17) ###########################################
V
TABLE OF CONTENTS
VOL. XXVI
LIVED
PAGE
15091
IVAN TURGENEFF (Continued from Vol. xxv. )
Byezhin Prairie (A Sportsman's Sketches')
The Singers (same)
A Living Relic (same)
Moses Coit TYLER
1835–
15131
Early Verse-Writing in New England (A History of Amer-
ican Literature')
The Declaration of Independence ('The Literary History
of the American Revolution')
15141
JOHN TYNDALL
1820-1893
The Matterhorn ('Hours of Exercise in the Alps ')
The Claims of Science (Belfast Address')
TYRTÆUS, ARChILOCHUS, AND THEIR SUCCESSORS, IN THE DE-
VELOPMENT OF GREEK LYRIC
700-500 B. C.
15161
BY H. RUSHTON FAIRCLOUGH
Tyrtæus: Marching Song: Elegy
Mimnermus: Old Age
Archilochus: Epigrams; Faith; On Equanimity
Callistratus: On Harmodius and Aristogeiton
Hybrias: Soldiers' Song
Spring Song of the Rhodian Children
Ibycus: Love
Bacchylides: Wine and Love; Pæan to Peace
Johann Ludwig UHLAND
1787-1862
15185
BY CHARLES HARVEY GENUNG
The Shepherd's Song on the
Lord's Day
The Luck of Edenhall
The Minstrel's Curse
## p. 15082 (#18) ###########################################
vi
LIVED
PAGE
JOHANN LUDWIG L'HLAND - Continued :
Entertainment
The Sunken Crown
The Mountain Boy
A Mother's Grave
The Castle by the Sea
The Chapel
The Passage
The Smithying of Sigfrid's
The Nun
Sword
The Serenade
Ichabod: the Glory has De-
To
parted
ARMANDO PALACIO VALDÉS
1853-
15199
BY WILLIAM HENRY BISHOP
The Belle of the Village Store (Señorito Octavio')
Maria's Way to Perfection (Marta y Maria')
A Friendly Argument in the Café de la Marina ('El Cuarto
Poder)
Venturita Wins Away her Sister's Lover (same)
JUAN VALERA
1827-
15220
BY WILLIAM HENRY BISHOP
Youth and Crabbed Age (Pepita Ximenez')
Pepita's Appearance at the Garden Party (same)
A Noonday Apparition in the Glen (same)
The Evenings at Pepita's Tertulia (same)
Pepita's Eyes (same)
The Struggle Between the Interests of Heaven and Earth
(same)
How Young Don Fadrique was Persuaded to Dance (Com-
mander Mendoza')
HENRY VAN DYKE
1852-
15237
Little Rivers ('Little Rivers')
The Malady of Modern Doubt (“The Gospel for an Age
of Doubt')
An Angler's Wish
Tennyson
The Veery
15248
Giorgio VASARI
1512-1574
Raphael Sanzio ('Lives of the Most Eminent Painters,
Sculptors, and Architects')
## p. 15083 (#19) ###########################################
vii
LIVED
PAGE
15257
HENRY VAUGHAN
The Retreate
The Ornament
They are All Gone
1621–1695
The Revival
Retirement
The Palm-Tree
IVAN VAZOFF
1850-
15263
BY LUCY CATLIN BULL
The Pine-Tree: Allegory of the Ancient Kingdom of Bul-
garia
The Sewing-Party at Altinovo (Under the Yoke')
LOPE DE VEGA
1562-1635
15287
BY MAURICE FRANCIS EGAN
Sancho the Brave (Estrella de Sevilla')
GIOVANNI VERGA
1840-
15297
BY NATHAN HASKELL DOLE
Home Tragedy
PAUL VERLAINE
1844-1896
15313
BY VICTOR CHARBONNEL
Clair de Lune
Le Faune
Mandoline
L'Amour Par Terre
The Spell
From Birds in the Night'
Après Trois Ans
Mon Rêve Familier
Le Rossignol
Inspiration
15323
JONES VERY
The Tree
Day
Night
The Dead
Man in Harmony with Na.
ture
1803-1880
The Giants
The Humming-Bird
The Builders
The Wood-Wax
Beauty
The Prayer
Louis VEUILLOT
1813-1883
15330
BY FRÉDÉRIC LOLIÉE
A Remembrance (Çà et Là')
Tigruche (Les Odeurs de Paris')
A Bon-Mot (same)
## p. 15084 (#20) ###########################################
viii
LIVED
PAGE
Louis VEUILLOT — Continued :
Bétinet, Avenger of Letters ('Les Odeurs de Paris')
Hic Aliquis de Gente Hircosa (same)
A Duel (same)
ALFRED DE VIGNY
1797-1863
15341
BY GRACE KING
Moses
Eloa
Laurette, or the Red Seal
15354
PASQUALE VILLARI
1827-
Savonarola ('Life and Times of Girolamo Savonarola')
HERSART DE LA VILLEMARQUÉ: THE HEROIC AND LEGENDARY
LITERATURE OF BRITTANY
15377
BY WILLIAM SHARP
The Wine of the Gauls and the Dance of the Sword -
Dialect of Léon
The Tribute of Noménoë - Cornouaille Dialect
The Foster-Brother - Tréguier Dialect
FRANÇOIS VILLON
1431-146-?
15392
From the Greater Testament': Here Beginneth Villon
to Enter upon Matter Full of Erudition and of Fair
Knowledge
Ballad of Old-Time Ladies
Ballad of Old-Time Lords (No. 1)
Ballad of Old-Time Lords (No. 2)
Ballad of the Women of Paris
Ballad that Villon Made at the Request of His Mother,
Wherewithal to Do Her Homage to Our Lady
Lay, or Rather Roundel
Ballad of Villon in Prison
The Epitaph in Ballad Form that Villon Made for Him-
self and His Companions, Expecting no Better than to
be Hanged in Their Company
Ballad of Things Known and Unknown
Ballad Against Those Who Missay of France
Ballad of the Debate of the Heart and Body of Villon
## p. 15085 (#21) ###########################################
ix
LIVED
PAGE
VIRGIL
70-19 B. C.
15413
BY WILLIAM CRANSTON LAWTON
The First Eclogue
My Heart's Desire (Georgics')
The Fall of Troy (Æneid')
The Curse of Queen Dido (same)
The Vision of the Future (same)
Melchior De VOGUÉ
1848-
15439
BY GRACE KING
Death of William I. of Germany
Realistic Literature and the Russian Novel
VOLTAIRE
1694-1778 15449
BY ADOLPHE COHN
The Irrepressible King (History of Charles XII. , King of
Sweden)
War (Philosophical Dictionary')
Appearances (same)
On the Contradictions of this World (same)
On Reading (same)
The Ignorant Philosopher (same)
Climate (same)
Luxury (same)
Passages from the Pamphlets
Country Life (“Correspondence'): To Madame du Deffand:
To Dupont
Voltaire to Rousseau (same)
The Drama ("Letter to an Italian Nobleman')
To Theuriet
Greatness and Utility (Letters on the English ')
To a Lady
15491
Joost VAN DER VONDEL
1587-1679
To Geeraert Vossius: On the Loss of His Son
From Lucifer
RICHARD WAGNER
1813–1883
15499
BY CHARLES HARVEY GENUNG
Beside the Hearth
The Function of the Artist (Opera and Drama')
From The Art Work of the Future)
## p. 15086 (#22) ###########################################
X
LIVED
PAGE
ALFRED RUSSEL WALLACE
1822-
15517
How the Rajah Took the Census (“The Malay Archi-
pelago')
Life in the Malay Archipelago (same)
A Visit to the Chief (Orang Kaya) of a Borneo Vil-
lage; The Durion; Cat's-Cradle in Borneo; The Trial
of a Thief. in Java; Architecture in the Celebes
1827-
15531
Lewis WALLACE
The Galley Fight (Ben-Hur')
The Chariot Race (same)
EDMUND WALLER
1605–1687 15555
From the Poem of the Danger His Majesty (Being
Prince) Escaped in the Road at St. Andero'
The Countess of Carlisle: Of Her Chamber
On a Girdle
Go, Lovely Rose
From A Panegyric to My Lord Protector)
On Love
At Penshurst
HORACE WALPOLE
1717-1797 15565
Cock-Lane Ghost and Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (“Let-
'ter to Sir Horace Mann')
A Year of Fashion in Walpole's Day (Letter to the Earl
of Hertford')
Funeral of George II. (Letter to George Montagu, Esq. ')
Gossip About the French and French Women (‘Letter to
Mr. Gray)
The English Climate (Letter to George Montagu, Esq. ')
WALTHER VON DER VOGELWEIDE AND His TIMES
Thirteenth Century
15580
BY CHARLES HARVEY GENUNG
Song of Walther von der Vogelweide
Lament of Walther von der Vogelweide
Song of Wolfram von Eschenbach
Blanchefleur at the Tournament (Tristan and Isolde' of
Gottfried von Strassburg)
Song of Heinrich von Veldeche
Song of Heinrich von Morungen (No. 1)
1
## p. 15087 (#23) ###########################################
xi
LIVED
PAGE
WALTHER VON DER VOGELWEIDE AND His TIMES - Continued :
Song of Heinrich von Morungen (No. 2)
Song of Count Kraft von Toggenburg
Song of Steinmar
Song of the Marner »
Absence (Anonymous)
Song of Conrad von Würzburg
Song of Johann Hadloub
IZAAK WALTON
1593–1683
15601
BY HENRY VAN DYKE
From the Life of Mr. Richard Hooker)
From the Life of Mr. George Herbert'
From The Compleat Angler'
ELIZABETH STUART PHELPS WARD
1844-
15623
In the Gray Goth (Men, Women, and Ghosts')
15641
Mrs. HUMPHRY WARD
1851-
Marcella in Peasant Society (Marcella')
David and Elise ('The History of David Grieve')
1732–1799
15665
GEORGE WASHINGTON
Washington's Farewell Address
David Atwood WASSON
1823–1887 15683
The Genius of Woman (Essays; Religious, Social, Polit-
ical)
Social Texture (same)
15692
JOHN WATSON (“Ian Maclaren)
A Triumph in Diplomacy (Days of Auld Lang Syne').
## p. 15088 (#24) ###########################################
## p. 15089 (#25) ###########################################
LIST OF PORTRAITS
IN VOL. XXVI
Vignette
Full page
Full page
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Full page
Moses Coit Tyler
John Tyndall
Johann Ludwig Uhland
Henry Van Dyke
Giorgio Vasari
Ivan Vazoff
Lope de Vega
Paul Verlaine
Jones Very
Louis Veuillot
Alfred de Vigny
François Villon
Virgil
Voltaire
Joost van der Vondel
Richard Wagner
Alfred Russel Wallace
Lewis Wallace
Edmund Waller
Horace Walpole
Walther von der Vogelweide
Izaak Walton
Elizabeth Stuart Phelps Ward
Mrs. Humphry Ward
George Washington
John Watson (Ian Maclaren
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Full page
Full page
Vignette
Full page
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Vignette
Full page
Vignette
## p. 15090 (#26) ###########################################
## p. 15091 (#27) ###########################################
15091
IVAN TURGENEFF
[Selections continued from Volume xxv. ]
BYEZHIN PRAIRIE
From (A Sportsman's Sketches)
I
I got
FOUND out at last where I had got to. This plain was well
known in our parts under the name of Byezhin Prairie.
But there was no possibility of returning home, especially
at night; my legs were sinking under me from weariness. I
decided to get down to the fires and to wait for the dawn in
the company of these men, whom I took for drovers.
down successfully; but I had hardly let go of the last branch I
had grasped, when suddenly two large shaggy white dogs rushed
angrily barking upon me. The sound of ringing boyish voices
came from round the fires; two or three boys quickly got up
from the ground. I called back in response to their shouts of
inquiry. They ran up to me, and at once called off the dogs,
who were especially struck by the appearance of my Dianka. I
came down to them.
I had been mistaken in taking the figures sitting round the
fires for drovers. They were simply peasant boys from a neigh-
boring village, who were in charge of a drove of horses. In hot
summer weather with us they drive the horses out at night to
graze in the open country: the flies and gnats would give them
no peace in the daytime; they drive out the drove towards even-
ing, and drive them back in the early morning: it's a great treat
for the peasant boys. Bare-headed, in old fur capes, they bestride
the most spirited nags, and scurry along with merry cries and
hooting and ringing laughter, swinging their arms and legs, and
leaping into the air. The fine dust is stirred up in yellow clouds
and moves along the road; the tramp of hoofs in unison resounds
afar: the horses race along, pricking up their ears; in front of
all, with his tail in the air and thistles in his tangled mane,
prances some shaggy chestnut, constantly shifting his paces as
he goes.
I told the boys I had lost my way, and sat down with
them. They asked me where I came from, and then were silent
## p. 15092 (#28) ###########################################
15092
IVAN TURGENEFF
for a little and turned away. Then we talked a little again. I
lay down under a bush, whose shoots had been nibbled off, and
began to look round. It was a marvelous picture: about the fire
a red ring of light quivered, and seemed to swoon away in the
embrace of a background of darkness; the flame, faring up from
time to time, cast swift flashes of light beyond the boundary of
this circle; a fine tongue of light licked the dry twigs and died
away at once; long thin shadows, in their turn breaking in for
an instant, danced right up to the very fires: darkness was
struggling with light. Sometimes when the fire burnt low and
the circle of light shrank together, suddenly out of the encroach-
ing darkness a horse's head was thrust in, — bay, with striped
markings, or all white,- stared with intent black eyes upon us,
nipped hastily the long grass, and drawing back again, vanished
instantly. One could only hear it still munching and snorting.
From the circle of light it was hard to make out what was
going on in the darkness: everything close at hand seemed shut
off by an almost black curtain; but farther away, hills and for-
ests were dimly visible in long blurs upon the horizon.
Scarcely a sound was to be heard around; only at times, in
the river near, the sudden splash of a big fish leaping, and the
faint rustle of a reed on the bank, swaying lightly as the rip-
ples reached it. The fires alone kept up a subdued crackling.
The boys sat round them; there too sat the two dogs, who had
been so eager to devour me. They could not for long after
reconcile themselves to my presence, and drowsily blinking and
staring into the fire, they growled now and then with an un-
wonted sense of their own dignity; first they growled, and then
whined a little, as though deploring the impossibility of carry-
ing out their desires. There were altogether five boys: Fedya,
Pavlusha, Ilyusha, Kostya, and Vanya. -- From their talk I learnt
their names, and I intend now to introduce them to the reader.
The first and eldest of all, Fedya, one would take to be about
fourteen. He was a well-made boy, with good-looking, delicate,
rather small features, curly fair hair, bright eyes, and a perpetual
half merry, half careless smile. He belonged by all appearances
to a well-to-do family; and had ridden out to the prairie not
through necessity, but for amusement.
He wore
a gay print
shirt, with a yellow border; a short new overcoat slung round
his neck was almost slipping off his narrow shoulders; a comb
hung from his blue belt. His boots, coming a little way up the
leg, were certainly his own - not his father's. The second boy,
## p. 15093 (#29) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15093
-
Pavlusha, had tangled black hair, gray eyes, broad cheek-bones,
a pale face pitted with small-pox, a large but well-cut mouth;
his head altogether was large — "a beer-barrel head," as they
say — and his figure was square and clumsy. He was not a
good-looking boy - there's no denying it! - and yet I liked him:
he looked very sensible and straightforward, and there was a
vigorous ring in his voice. He had nothing to boast of in his
attire: it consisted simply of a homespun shirt and patched trou-
sers. The face of the third, Ilyusha, was rather uninteresting:
it was a long face, with short-sighted eyes and a hook nose; it
expressed a kind of dull, fretful uneasiness; his tightly drawn
lips seemed rigid; his contracted brow never relaxed; he seemed
continually blinking from the firelight. His flaxen — almost white
— hair hung out in thin wisps under his low felt hat, which he
kept pulling down with both hands over his ears. He had on
new bast-shoes and leggings; a thick string, wound three times
round his figure, carefully held together his neat black smock.
Neither he nor Pavlusha looked more than twelve years old.
The fourth, Kostya, a boy of ten, aroused my curiosity by his
thoughtful and sorrowful look. His whole face was small, thin,
freckled, pointed at the chin like a squirrel's; his lips were barely
perceptible: but his great black eyes, that shone with liquid
brilliance, produced a strange impression; they seemed trying to
express something for which the tongue - his tongue, at least - -
had no words. He was undersized and weakly, and dressed
rather poorly. The remaining boy, Vanya, I had not noticed at
first: he was lying on the ground, peacefully curled up under a
square rug, and only occasionally thrust his curly brown head out
from under it; this boy was seven years old at the most.
So I lay under the bush at one side and looked at the boys.
A small pot was hanging over one of the fires: in it potatoes
were cooking. Pavlusha was looking after them, and on his knees
he was trying them by poking a splinter of wood into the boiling
water. Fedya was lying leaning on his elbow, and smoothing
out the skirts of his coat. Ilyusha was sitting beside Kostya, and
still kept blinking constrainedly. , Kostya's head drooped despond-
ently, and he looked away into the distance. Vanya did not stir
under his rug.
I pretended to be asleep. Little by little, the
boys began talking again.
At first they gossiped of one thing and another, - the work
of to-morrow, the horses; but suddenly Fedya turned to Ilyusha,
-
## p. 15094 (#30) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15094
and as though taking up again an interrupted conversation, asked
him :-
»
"Come then, so you've seen the domovoy? ”
“No, I didn't see him, and no one ever can see him," an-
swered Ilyusha, in a weak hoarse voice, the sound of which was
wonderfully in keeping with the expression of his face: “I heard
him. Yes, and not I alone. ”
“Where does he live - in your place ? ” asked Pavlusha.
“In the old paper-mill. ”
“Why, do you go to the factory ? ”
« Of course
we do.
My brother Avdushka and I, we are
paper-glazers. ”
"I say — factory hands! ”
"Well, how did you hear it, then ? ” asked Fedya.
"It was like this. It happened that I and my brother Av-
dushka, with Fyodor of Mihyevska, and Ivashka the Squint-
eyed, and the other Ivashka who comes from the Red Hills,
and Ivashka of Suhorukov too, and there were some other boys
there as well, – there were ten of us boys there altogether, -
the whole shift that is, – it happened that we spent the night at
the paper-mill; that's to say, it didn't happen, but Nazarov the
overseer kept us. Why,' said he, should you waste time
going home, boys? There's a lot of work to-morrow; so don't go
home, boys. ' So we stopped, and were all lying down together;
and Avdushka had just begun to say, I say, boys, suppose the
domovoy were to come ? ) And before he'd finished saying so, some
one suddenly began walking over our heads: we were lying down
below, and he began walking up-stairs overhead where the wheel
is. We listened: he walked; the boards seemed to be bending
under him, they creaked so; then he crossed over, above our
heads: all of a sudden the water began to drip and drip over the
wheel; the wheel rattled and rattled and again began to turn,
though the sluices of the conduit above had been let down. We
wondered who could have lifted them up so that the water could
run; anyway, the wheel turned and turned a little, and then
stopped. Then he went to the door overhead, and began coming
down-stairs, and came down like this, not hurrying himself; and
the stairs seemed to groan under him too.
“Well, he came right down to our door, and waited and waited
and all of a sudden the door simply flew open. We were in a
fright; we looked – there was nothing. Suddenly what if the net
-
.
(
## p. 15095 (#31) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15095
on one of the vats didn't begin moving; it got up, and went ris-
ing and ducking and moving in the air as though some one were
stirring with it, and then it was in its place again. Then at
another vat a hook came off its nail, and then was on its nail
again; and then it seemed as if some one came to the door, and
suddenly coughed and choked like a sheep, but so loudly! We
all fell down in a heap and huddled against one another. Just
weren't we in a fright that night! )
"I say! ” murmured Pavel, “what did he cough for ? »
"I don't know: perhaps it was the damp. ”
All were silent for a little.
"Well,” inquired Fedya, "are the potatoes done? ”
Pavlusha tried them.
“No, they are raw. - My, what a splash! ” he added, turning
his face in the direction of the river: “that must be a pike.
And there's a star falling. ”
«I say, I can tell you something, brothers,” began Kostya in
a shrill little voice: “listen what my dad told me the other day. ”
« Well, we are listening,” said Fedya with a patronizing air.
« You know Gavrila, I suppose, the carpenter up in the big
village ? ”
“ Yes, we know him. ”
“And do you know why he is so sorrowful always, never
speaks? do you know? I'll tell you why he's so sorrowful; he
went one day, daddy said, - he went, brothers, into the forest
nutting So he went nutting into the forest and lost his way;
he went on -God only can tell where he got to. So he went
on and on, brothers; but 'twas no good! he could not find the
way: and so night came on out of doors. So he sat down under
a tree. I'll wait till morning,' thought he. He sat down and
began to drop asleep. So as he was falling asleep, suddenly he
heard some one call him. He looked up: there was no one.
He
fell asleep again; again he was called. He looked and looked
again; and in front of him there sat a russalka on a branch,
swinging herself and calling him to her, and simply dying with
laughing, she laughed so. And the moon was shining bright, so
bright, the moon shone so clear,- everything could be seen plain,
brothers. So she called him, and she herself was as bright and
as white sitting on the branch as some dace or roach, or like
some little carp so white and silvery. Gavrila the carpenter
almost fainted, brothers; but she laughed without stopping, and
-
## p. 15096 (#32) ###########################################
15096
IVAN TURGENEFF
>
kept beckoning him to her like this. Then Gavrila was just get-
ting up; he was just going to yield to the russalka, brothers, but
- the Lord put it into his heart, doubtless — he crossed himself,
like this. And it was so hard for him to make that cross, broth-
ers: he said, "My hand was simply like a stone; it would not
move. '— Ugh! the horrid witch. — So when he made the cross,
brothers, the russalka she left off laughing, and all at once how
she did cry.
She cried, brothers, and wiped her eyes with her
hair, and her hair was green as any hemp. So Gavrila looked and
looked at her, and at last he fell to questioning her. Why are
you weeping, wild thing of the woods ? ' And the russalka began
to speak to him like this: “If you had not crossed yourself, man,'
she says, you should have lived with me in gladness of heart to
the end of your days; and I weep, I am grieved at heart, because
you crossed yourself: but I will not grieve alone; you too shall
grieve at heart till the end of your days. ' Then she vanished,
brothers, and at once it was plain to Gavrila how to get out of
the forest. Only since then he goes always sorrowful, as you
see. ”
“Ugh! ” said Fedya after a brief silence; but how can such
an evil thing of the woods ruin a Christian soul? - He did not
listen to her ! »
“And I say! ” said Kostya: “Gavrila said that her voice was
as shrill and as plaintive as a toad's. ”
“Did your father tell you that himself ? » Fedya went on.
Yes. I was lying in the loft. I heard it all. "
"It's a strange thing. Why should he be sorrowful? But I
suppose she liked him, since she called him. ”
“Ay, she liked him! ” put in Ilyusha. “Yes, indeed! she
wanted to tickle him to death, that's what she wanted. That's
what they do, those russalkas. ”
« There ought to be russalkas here too, I suppose,” observed
Fedya.
"No," answered Kostya: “this is a holy open place. There's
one thing, though: the river's near. ”
All were silent. Suddenly from out of the distance came a
prolonged, resonant, almost wailing sound,- one of those inex-
plicable sounds of the night, which break upon a profound still-
ness, rise upon the air, linger, and slowly die away at last. You
listen: it is as though there was nothing, yet it echoes still. It
is as though some one had uttered a long, long cry upon the
»
(
c
## p. 15097 (#33) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15097
(
very horizon; as though some other had answered him with shrill
harsh laughter in the forest: and a faint, hoarse hissing hovers
over the river. The boys looked round about, shivering.
“Christ's aid be with us! » whispered Ilyusha.
"Ah, you craven crows! ” cried Pavel, “what are you fright-
ened of? Look, the potatoes are done. ” (They all came up to
the pot and began to eat the smoking potatoes; only Vanya did
not stir. ) “Well, aren't you coming ? ” said Pavel.
But he did not creep out from under his rug. The pot was
soon completely emptied.
“Have you heard, boys,” began Ilyusha, “what happened with
us at Varnavitsi ? »
«Near the dam ? ” asked Fedya.
“Yes, yes, near the dam, the broken-down dam. That is a
haunted place, such a haunted place, and so lonely. All round
there are pits and quarries, and there are always snakes in
pits. ”
“Well, what did happen ? Tell us. ”
"Well, this is what happened. You don't know, perhaps,
Fedya, but there a drowned man was buried; he was drowned
long, long ago, when the water was still deep: only his grave
can still be seen, though it can only just be seen – like this — a
little mound. So one day the bailiff called the huntsman Yer-
mil, and says to him, “Go to the post, Yermil. Yermil always
goes to the post for us. He has let all his dogs die: they never
will live with him, for some reason, and they have never lived
with him, though he's a good huntsman, and every one liked him.
So Yermil went to the post, and he stayed a bit in the town; and
when he rode back, he was a little tipsy. It was night,-a fine
night; the moon was shining. So Yermil rode across the dam:
his way lay there. So as he rode along, he saw on the drowned
man's grave a little lamb, so white and curly and pretty, running
about. So Yermil thought, I will take him;' and he got down
and took him in his arms. But the little lamb didn't take any
notice. So Yermil goes back to his horse, and the horse stares
at him, and snorts and shakes his head; however, he said whoa
to him and sat on him with the lamb, and rode on again; he
held the lamb in front of him. He looks at him; and the lamb
looks him straight in the face, like this. Yermil the huntsman
felt upset. I don't remember,' he said, 'that lambs ever look
at any one like that;' however, he began to stroke it like this
>
-
## p. 15098 (#34) ###########################################
15098
IVAN TURGENEFF
on its wool, and to say, 'Chucky! chucky! And the lamb sud-
denly showed its teeth and said too, Chucky! chucky! ) »
The boy who was telling the story had hardly uttered this
last word, when suddenly both dogs got up at once, and barking
convulsively, rushed away from the fire and disappeared in the
darkness. All the boys were alarmed. Vanya jumped up from
under his rug. Pavlusha ran shouting after the dogs. Their
barking quickly grew fainter in the distance. There was the
noise of the uneasy tramp of the frightened drove of horses.
Pavlusha shouted aloud, "Hey Gray! Beetle! ” In a few minutes
the barking ceased; Pavel's voice sounded still in the distance.
A little time more passed; the boys kept looking about in
perplexity, as though expecting something to happen. Suddenly
the tramp of a galloping horse was heard; it stopped short at
the pile of wood, and hanging on to the mane, Pavel sprang
nimbly off it. Both the dogs also leaped into the circle of light,
and at once sat down, their red tongues hanging out.
“What was it? what was it? " asked the boys.
“Nothing," answered Pavel, waving his hand to his horse; "I
suppose the dogs scented something. I thought it was a wolf,”
he added, calmly drawing deep breaths into his chest.
I could not help admiring Pavel. He was very fine at that
moment. His ugly face, animated by his swift ride, glowed with
hardihood and determination. Without even a switch in his hand,
he had, without the slightest hesitation, rushed out into the night
alone to face a wolf. “What a splendid fellow! ” I thought,
looking at him. ,
« Have you seen any wolves, then ? ” asked the trembling
Kostya.
“There are always a good many of them here,” answered
Pavel; “but they are only troublesome in the winter. ”
He crouched down again before the fire. As he sat down
on the ground, he laid his hand on the shaggy head of one of
the dogs. For a long while the flattered brute did not turn his
head, gazing sidewise with grateful pride at Pavlusha.
Vanya lay down under his rug again.
“What dreadful things you were telling us, Ilyusha! ” began
Fedya; whose part it was, as the son of a well-to-do peasant, to
lead the conversation. (He spoke little himself, apparently afraid
of lowering his dignity. ) "And then some evil spirit set the
dogs barking. Certainly I have heard that place was haunted. ”
## p. 15099 (#35) ###########################################
IVAN TURGENEFF
15099
-
(
>>>
>
«Varnavitsi ? I should think it was haunted! More than
once, they say, they have seen the old master there — the late
master. He wears, they say, a long-skirted coat, and keeps
groaning like this, and looking for something on the ground.
Once grandfather Trofimitch met him. What,' says he, your
Honor, Ivan Ivan'itch, are you pleased to look for on the
ground? ) »
“He asked him ? ” put in Fedya in amazement.
“Yes, he asked him. ”
«Well, I call Trofimitch a brave fellow after that. Well,
what did he say? ”
« I am looking for the herb that cleaves all things,' says
he. But he speaks so thickly, so thickly. —'And what, your
Honor, Ivan Ivan'itch, do you want with the herb that cleaves all
things ? '— 'The tomb weighs on me; it weighs on me, Trofim-
itch: I want to get away-
away. '
“My word! " observed Fedya: “he didn't enjoy his life enough,
I suppose. ”
«What a marvel! ” said Kostya. "I thought one could only
see the departed on All Hallows' day. ”
“One can see the departed any time,” Ilyusha interposed with
conviction. From what I could observe, I judged he knew the
village superstitions better than the others. “But on All Hal-
lows' day you can see the living too; those, that is, whose turn it
is to die that year.
You need only sit in the church porch, and
keep looking at the road. They will come by you along the road;
those, that is, who will die that year. Last year old Ulyana went
to the porch. "
“Well, did she see any one ? ” asked Kostya inquisitively.
« To be sure she did. At first she sat a long, long while,
and saw no one, and heard nothing; only it seemed as if some
dog kept whining and whining like this, somewhere. Suddenly she
looks up: a boy comes along the road with only a shirt on.
looked at him. It was Ivashka Fedosyev. ”
“He who died in the spring ? ” put in Fedya.
"Yes, he. He came along and never lifted up his head.
But
Ulyana knew him. And then she looks again: a woman came
along. She stared and stared at her. Ah, God Almighty! it was
herself coming along the road; Ulyana herself. ”
« Could it be herself? ” asked Fedya,
“Yes, by God, herself. ”
>
»
## p. 15100 (#36) ###########################################
15100
IVAN TURGENEFF
>
(
"Well, but she is not dead yet, you know?
"But the year is not over yet. And only look at her: her life
hangs on a thread. ”
All were still again. Pavel threw a handful of dry twigs
on to the fire. They were soon charred by the suddenly leaping
flame; they cracked and smoked, and began to contract, curling
up their burning ends. Gleams of light in broken flashes glanced
in all directions, especially upwards. Suddenly a white dove
flew straight into the bright light, fluttered round and round in
terror, bathed in the red glow, and disappeared with a whir of
its wings.
“It's lost its home, I suppose,” remarked Pavel. “Now it will
fly till it gets somewhere where it can rest till dawn. ”
"Why, Pavlusha,” said Kostya, "might it not be a just soul
flying to heaven ? »
Pavel threw another handful of twigs on to the fire.
"Perhaps," he said at last.
"But tell us, please, Pavlusha,” began Fedya, "what was seen
in your parts at Shalamovy at the heavenly portent ?
« When the sun could not be seen? Yes, indeed. ”
"Were you frightened then? ”
Yes; and we weren't the only ones. Our master, though he
talked to us beforehand, and said there would be a heavenly por-
tent, yet when it got dark, they say he himself was frightened
out of his wits. And in the house-serfs' cottage, the old woman,
directly it grew dark, broke all the dishes in the oven with the
poker. Who will eat now? ' she said: (the last day has come. '
So the soup was all running about the place. And in the village
there were such tales about among us: that white wolves would
run over the earth, and would eat men; that a bird of prey would
pounce down on us; and that they would even see Trishka. ” +
«What is Trishka ? ” asked Kostya.
“Why, don't you know ?
