labour, care, and thought in writing it ;-that he
It is doubtful to which family P.
It is doubtful to which family P.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
iv.
524, · AEGYPTUS (Ayuntos), a son of Belus and
&c. ; Paus. ii. 16. & 5. ) After this event Aegisthus Anchinoe or Achiroe, and twin brother of Danaus.
reigned seven years longer over Mycenae, until in (Apollod. ü. l. 4; Tzetz. ad Lycophr. 382,
the eighth Orestes, the son of Agamemnon, re 1155. ) Euripides represented Cepheus and Phi-
turned home and avenged the death of his father neus likewise as brothers of Aegyptus. Belus
by putting the adulterer to death. (Hom. Od. i. assigned to Danaus the sovereignty of Libya, and
28, &c. ; compare AGAMEMNON, CLYTEMNESTRA, to Aegyptus be gave Arabia. The latter also sub-
ORESTES. )
[L. S. )
dued the country of the Melampodes, which he
• AEGLE (A'yan). 1. The most beautiful of the called Aegypt after his own name. Aegyptus by
Naiads, daughter of Zeus and Neaera (Virg. Eclog. his several wives had fifty sons, and it so hap-
vi. 20), by whom Helios begot the Charites pened that his brother Danaus had just as many
(Paus. ix. 35. § 1. )
daughters. (Apollod. ii. 1. 85; Hygin. Fub. 170. )
2. A sister of Phaeton, and daughter of Helios Danaus bad reason to fear the sons of his brother,
and Clymene. (Hygin. Fab. 154, 156. ) In her and filed with his daughters to Argos in Pelopon-
grief at the death of her brother she and her sisters nesus. Thither he was followed by the sons of
were changed into poplars.
Aegyptus, who demanded his daughters for their
3. One of the Hesperides. (Apollod. ii. 5. & 11; wives and promised faithful alliance. Danaus
Serv. ad Aen. iv. 484; comp. HESPERIDES. ) complied with their request, and distributed his
4. A nymph, daughter of Panopeus, who was daughters among them, but to each of them he
beloved by Theseus, and for whom he forsook Arie gave a dagger, with which they were to kill their
adne. (Plut. Thes. 20; Athen. xiii. p. 557. ) (L. S. ] husbands in the bridal night. All the sons of
AEGLE (Axyan), one of the daughters of Aegyptus were thus murdered with the exception
Aesculapius (Plin. H. N. xxxv. 40. § 31) by of Lynceus, who was saved by Hypermnestra.
Lampetia, the daughter of the Sun, according to The Danaids buried the heads of their murdered
Hermippus (ap. Schol. in Aristoph. Plut. 701), or husbands in Lerna, and their bodies outside the
by Epione, according to Suidas. (s. v. 'Hrióv. ) town, and were afterwards purified of their crime
She is said to have derived her name Aegle, by Athena and Hermes at the command of Zeus.
“ Brightness," or Splendour,” either from the Pausanias (ii. 24. & 3), who saw the monument under
beauty of the human body when in good health, which the heads of the sons of Aegyptus were believe
or from the honour paid to the medical profession. ed to be buried, says that it stood on the way to
(J. H. Meibom. Comment. in Hippocr. “ Jusjur. " Larissa, the citadel of Argos, and that their bodies
Lugd. Bat. 1643, 4to. c. 6. & 7, p. 55. ) [W. A. G. ] were buried at Lerna. In Hyginus (Fab. 168)
AEGLE'IS (Aiganls), a daughter of Hyacinthus the story is somewhat different. According to
who had emigrated from Lacedaemon to Athens him, Aegyptus formed the plan of murdering
During the siege of Athens by Minos, in the reign Danaus and his daughters in order to gain posses
of Aegeus, sbe together with her sisters Antheis, I sion of his dominions. When Danaus was in-
Lytaea, and Orthaea, were sacrificed on the tomb formed of this he fled with his daughters to Argos.
of Geraestus the Cyclop, for the purpose of avert- Aegyptus then sent out his sons in pursuit of the
ing a pestilence then raging at Athens. (Apollod. fugitives, and enjoined them not to return unless
iii. 15. & 8. )
(L. S. ] they had slain Danaus. The sons of Aegyptus
AEGLEŚ (Ayyans), a Samian athlete, who was laid siege to Argos, and when Danaus saw ibat
dumb, recovered his voice when he made an effort further resistance was useless, he put an end to the
on one occasion to express his indignation at an hostilities by giving to each of the besiegers one of
attempt to impose upon him in a public contest. his daughters. The murder of the sons of Aegyp-
(Gell. v. 9; Val. Max. i. 8, ext. 4. )
tus then took place in the bridal night. There
AEGLEʼTES (Aiyafans), that is, the radiant was a tradition at Patrae in Achaia, according to
god, a surname of Apollo. (Apollon. Rhod. iv. which Aegyptus himself came to Greece, and died
1730; Apollod. i. 9. 8 26 ; Hesych. s. v. ) (L. S. ] at Aroë with grief for the fate of his sons. The
AEGO'BOLUS (Aiyobonos), the goat-killer, a temple of Serapis at Patrae contained a monument
surname of Dionysus, at Potniae in Boeotia of Aegyptus. (Paus. vii. 21. $ 6. ) (L. S. ]
(Paus. ix. 8. $ 1. )
(L. S. ] AEIMNESTUS ('Aeluvnotos), a Spartan, who
AEGO'CERUS (Aiyokepws), a surname of Pan, killed Mardonius in the battle of Plataea, B. C. 479,
descriptive of his figure with the horns of a goat, and afterwards fell himself in the Messenian war.
but is more commonly the name given to one of the (Herod. ix. 64. ) The Spartan who killed Mar-
signs of the Zodiac. (Lucan, ix. 536 ; Lucret. v. donius, Plutarch (Arist. 19) calls Arimnestus
614 ; C. Caes. Germ. in Arat. 213. ) (L. S. ) ('Αρίμνηστος).
AEGOʻPHAGUS (Alyoddyos), the goat-eater, AE'LIA GENS, plebeian, of which the family-
a surname of Hera, under which she was worship names and surnames are Catus, Gallus, Gra-
ped by the Lacedaemonians. (Paus. üü. 15. $ 7; CILIS, LAMIA, LIGUR, PAETUA STAIENUS,
Hesych. and Etym. M. s. r. )
(L. S. ] STILO, TUBERO. On coins this gens is also
AEGUS and ROSCILLUS, two chiefs of the written Ailia, but allia seems to be a distinct
Allobroges, who had served Caesar with great gens. The only family-names and surnames of the
fidelity in the Gallic war, and were treated by Aelia gens upon coins are Bula, Lamia, Paetus,
him with great distinction. They accompanied and Sejanus. Of Bala nothing is known. Soja-
him in his campaigns against Pompey, but having nus is the name of the favorite of Tiberius, who
been reproved by Caesar on account of depriving was adopted by one of the Aelii. (SEJANUS. )
the cavalry of its pay and appropriating the booty | The first member of this gens, who obtained the
to themselves, they deserted to Poinpey in Greece. consulship, was P. Aelius Paelus in B c. 337.
## p. 28 (#48) ##############################################
28
AELIANUS.
AELIANUS.
.
Under the empire the Aelian name became still | end of the work is a concluding chapter (dwl. oyos),
more celebrated. It was the name of the emperor where he states the general principles on which be
Hadrian, and consequently of the Antonines, whom has composed his work :-that he has spent great
he adopted.
labour, care, and thought in writing it ;-that he
It is doubtful to which family P. Aelius be has preferred the pursuit of knowledge to the pur-
longed who was one of the first plebeian quaestors, suit of wealth ; and that, for his part, he found
B. C. 409. (Liv. iv. 54. )
much more pleasure in observing the habits of the
AELIA’NUS was together with Amandus the lion, the panther, and the fox, in listening to the
leader of an insurrection of Gallic peasants, called song of the nightingale, and in studying the mi-
Bagaudae, in the reign of Diocletian. It was put grations of cranes, thao in mere heaping up riches
down by the Caesar Maximianus Herculius. (Eu and being numbered among the great : -- that
trop. ix. 13; Aurel. Vict. de Coes. 39. )
throughout his work he has sought to adhere to
AELIANUS, CASPERIUS, prefect of the the truth. Nothing can be imagined more defcient
Pretorian guards under Domitian and Nerva in arrangement than this work : he goes from one
Jle excited an insurrection of the guards against subject to another without the least link of associ-
Nerva, in order to obtain the punishment of some ation; as (e. g. ) from elephants (xi. 15) to dragons
obnoxious persons, but was killed by Trajan with | (xi. 16), from the liver of mice (ii
. 56) to the uses
his accomplices. (Dion Cass. lxviii. 3, 5. )
of oxen (ü. 57). But this absence of arrangement,
AELIANUS, CLAU'DIUS (KAaúdios Alaia treating things Toukína roiki). ws, be says, is in-
vós), was born according to Suidas (s. v. Ainavos) tentional; he adopted this plan to give variety to
at Praeneste in Italy, and lived at Rome. He the work, and to avoid tedium to the reader. His
calls himself a Roman (V. H. xii. 25), as pos style, which he commends to the indulgence of
Bessing the rights of Roman citizenship. He was critics, though free from any great faul, has no
particularly fond of the Greeks and of Greek lite particular merit The similarity of plan in the two
rature and oratory. (V. II. ix. 32, xii. 25. ) works with other internal evidences, seems to
He studied under Pausanias the rhetorician, and shew that they were both written by the same
imitated the eloquence of Nicostratus and the style Aelian, and not, as Voss and Valckenaer conjec-
of Dion Chrysostom ; but especially admired ture, by two different persons.
Herodes Atticus more than all. He taught rheto in both works he seems desirous to inculcata
ric at Rome in the time of Hadrian, and hence was moral and religious principles (see V. H. vii. 44 ;
called ó copioths. So complete was the command De Anim. vi. 2, vii. 10, 11, ix. 7, and Epilog. );
he acquired over the Greek language that he could and he wrote some treatises erpressly on philoso
speak as well as a native Athenian, and hence was phical and religious subjects, especially one ou
called o ueriyawTTOs or uenipoonyos. (Philost. Vil. Providence (Nedl ripovolas) in three books (Suidas,
Soph. ii. 31. ) That rhetoric, however, was not his s. o. 'Abac avlotous), and one on the Divine Mani-
forte may easily be believed from the style of his festations (niepl Oew 'Evepyew), directed against
works; and he appears to have given up teaching the Epicureans, whom he alludes to elsewhere.
for writing. Suidas calls him 'Apxiepevs (Pontifex). (De Anim. vii. 44. ) There are also attributed to
He lived to above sixty years of age, and had no Aelian twenty letters on busbandry and such-like
children. He did not marry, because he would matters ('AYPOlkikal 'ETIOTOAal), which are by
not have any. There are two considerable works feigned characters, are written in a rhetorical up-
of his remaining : one a collection of miscellaneous real style, and are of no value. The first edition
history (Nookian 'lotopia) in fourteen books, com- of all his works was by Conrad Gesner, 1556, fol. ,
monly called his “Varia Historia," and the other containing also the works of Heraclides, Polemo,
& work on the peculiarities of animals (Tlepl Zuws Adamantius and Melampus. The “Varia Historia”
1816T7TOS) in seventeen books, commonly called his was first edited by Camillus Peruscus, Rome,
“De Animalium Natura. " The former work con- 1545, 4to. ; the principal editions since are by
tains short narrations and anecdotes, historical, Perizonius, Leyden, 1701, 8vo. , by Gronovius,
biographical, antiquarian, &c. , selected from various Leyden, 1731, 2 vols. 4to. , and by Kühn, Leip
authors, generally without their names being given, zig. 1780, 2 vols. 8vo. The De Animalium
and on a great variety of subjects. Its chief value Natura was edited by Gronovius, Lond. 1744,
arises from its containing many passages from 2 vols. 4to. , and by J. G. Schneider, Leipzig,
works of older authors which are now lost. It is 1784, 2 vols. 8vo. The last edition is that is
to be regretted that in selecting from Thucydides, Fr. Jacobs, Jena, 1832, 2 vols. 8vo. This contains
Herodotus, and other writers, he has sometimes the valuable materials which Schmeider had col-
given himself the trouble of altering their language. lected and left for a new edition. The Letters
But he tells us he liked to have his own way and were published apart from the other works bs
to follow his own taste, and so he would seem to Aldus Manutius in his “ Collectio Epistolarum
have altered for the mere sake of putting some Graecarum,” Venice, 1499, 4to.
thing different. The latter work is of the same The Varia Historia has been translated into
kind, scrappy and gossiping. It is partly collected Latin by C. Gesner, and into English by A. Fle
from older writers, and parily the result of his own ming, Lond. 1576, and by Stanley, 1665; this
observations both in Italy and abroad. According last has been reprinted more than once. The De
to Philostratus (in Vit. ) he was scarcely erer out Animalium Natura has been translated into Latin
of Italy; but he tells us himself that he travelled by Peter Gillius (a Frenchman) and by Conrad
as far as Aegypt; and that he saw at Alexandria Gesner. It does not appear to have been translated
an ox with five feet. (De Anim. xi. 40 ; comp. xi. into English.
11. ) This book would appear to have become a There has also been attributed to Aelian a work
popular and standard work on zoology, since in the called Kathyopla Toll Fúvvidos, an attack on an
fourteenth century Manuel Philes, a Byzantine effeminate man, probably meant for Elagabalus.
poet, founded upon it a poem on animals. At the (Suidas, s. r. 'Appev. )
[A. A. )
;
## p. 29 (#49) ##############################################
AELIANUS.
AEMILIA.
129
AELIA’NUS, LU'CIUS, one of the thirty ty- sions. It has been translated into English by
rants (A. D. 259-268) under the Roman empire. Capt. John Bingham, Lond. 1616, fol. , and by
He assumed the purple in Gaul after the death of Lord Dillon, 1874, 4to.
(A. A. )
Postumus, and was killed by his own soldiers, be AELIUS ARISTI'DES. (ARISTIDES. )
cause he would not allow them to plunder Mogun- AELIUS ASCLEPI'ADES. (ASCLEPIADES. ]
tiacum. Trebellius Pollio and others call him AELIUS DIONY'SIUS. [DIONYSIUS. ]
Lollianus ; Eckhel (Doctr. Num. vii. p. 448) thinks AEʻLIUS DONA'TUS. [Donatus. )
that his true name was Laelianus; but there seems AE'LIUS LAMPRI'DIUS. (LAMPRIDIUS. ]
most authority in favour of L. Aelianus. (Eutrop. AEʻLIUS MARCIANUS. [MARCIANUS. ]
ix. 7; Trebell. Poll. Trig. Tyr. 4; Aurel. Vict, de AEʻLIUS MAURUS. (MAURUS. )
Caes. 33, Epit. 32. )
AELIUS PROMOTUS (Αίλιος Προμώτος),
AELIANUS ME'CCIUS ('Alliards MEKKLOS), an ancient physician of Alexandria, of whose per-
an ancient physician, who must have lived in the sonal history no particulars are known, and whoso
second century after Christ, as he is mentioned by date is uncertain. He is supposed by Villoison
Galen (De Theriaca ad Pamphil. init. vol. xiv. (Anecd. Graec. vol. ii. p. 179. note 1) to have
p. 299) as the oldest of his tutors. His father is lived after the time of Pompey the Great, that is,
supposed to have also been a physician, as Aelianus in the first century before Christ; by others he is
is said by Galen (De Dissech. Muscul. c. I. p. 2. considered to be much more ancient ; and by
ed. Dietz) to have made an epitome of his father's Choulant (Handbuch der Bücherkunde für die
anatomical writings. Galen speaks of that part of Aeltere Medicin, Ed. 2. Leipzig, 1840, 8vo. ), on
his work which treated of the Dissection of the the other hand, he is placed as late as the second
Muscles as being held in some repute in his time half of the first century after Christ. He is most
(ilnid. ), and he always mentions his tutor with re probably the same person who is quoted by Galen
spech (ibid. c. 7, 22, pp. 11, 57. ) During the (De Compos. Medicam. secund. Locos, iv. 7, vol.
prevalence of an epidemic in Italy, Aelianus is xii. p. 730) simply by the name of Aelius.
&c. ; Paus. ii. 16. & 5. ) After this event Aegisthus Anchinoe or Achiroe, and twin brother of Danaus.
reigned seven years longer over Mycenae, until in (Apollod. ü. l. 4; Tzetz. ad Lycophr. 382,
the eighth Orestes, the son of Agamemnon, re 1155. ) Euripides represented Cepheus and Phi-
turned home and avenged the death of his father neus likewise as brothers of Aegyptus. Belus
by putting the adulterer to death. (Hom. Od. i. assigned to Danaus the sovereignty of Libya, and
28, &c. ; compare AGAMEMNON, CLYTEMNESTRA, to Aegyptus be gave Arabia. The latter also sub-
ORESTES. )
[L. S. )
dued the country of the Melampodes, which he
• AEGLE (A'yan). 1. The most beautiful of the called Aegypt after his own name. Aegyptus by
Naiads, daughter of Zeus and Neaera (Virg. Eclog. his several wives had fifty sons, and it so hap-
vi. 20), by whom Helios begot the Charites pened that his brother Danaus had just as many
(Paus. ix. 35. § 1. )
daughters. (Apollod. ii. 1. 85; Hygin. Fub. 170. )
2. A sister of Phaeton, and daughter of Helios Danaus bad reason to fear the sons of his brother,
and Clymene. (Hygin. Fab. 154, 156. ) In her and filed with his daughters to Argos in Pelopon-
grief at the death of her brother she and her sisters nesus. Thither he was followed by the sons of
were changed into poplars.
Aegyptus, who demanded his daughters for their
3. One of the Hesperides. (Apollod. ii. 5. & 11; wives and promised faithful alliance. Danaus
Serv. ad Aen. iv. 484; comp. HESPERIDES. ) complied with their request, and distributed his
4. A nymph, daughter of Panopeus, who was daughters among them, but to each of them he
beloved by Theseus, and for whom he forsook Arie gave a dagger, with which they were to kill their
adne. (Plut. Thes. 20; Athen. xiii. p. 557. ) (L. S. ] husbands in the bridal night. All the sons of
AEGLE (Axyan), one of the daughters of Aegyptus were thus murdered with the exception
Aesculapius (Plin. H. N. xxxv. 40. § 31) by of Lynceus, who was saved by Hypermnestra.
Lampetia, the daughter of the Sun, according to The Danaids buried the heads of their murdered
Hermippus (ap. Schol. in Aristoph. Plut. 701), or husbands in Lerna, and their bodies outside the
by Epione, according to Suidas. (s. v. 'Hrióv. ) town, and were afterwards purified of their crime
She is said to have derived her name Aegle, by Athena and Hermes at the command of Zeus.
“ Brightness," or Splendour,” either from the Pausanias (ii. 24. & 3), who saw the monument under
beauty of the human body when in good health, which the heads of the sons of Aegyptus were believe
or from the honour paid to the medical profession. ed to be buried, says that it stood on the way to
(J. H. Meibom. Comment. in Hippocr. “ Jusjur. " Larissa, the citadel of Argos, and that their bodies
Lugd. Bat. 1643, 4to. c. 6. & 7, p. 55. ) [W. A. G. ] were buried at Lerna. In Hyginus (Fab. 168)
AEGLE'IS (Aiganls), a daughter of Hyacinthus the story is somewhat different. According to
who had emigrated from Lacedaemon to Athens him, Aegyptus formed the plan of murdering
During the siege of Athens by Minos, in the reign Danaus and his daughters in order to gain posses
of Aegeus, sbe together with her sisters Antheis, I sion of his dominions. When Danaus was in-
Lytaea, and Orthaea, were sacrificed on the tomb formed of this he fled with his daughters to Argos.
of Geraestus the Cyclop, for the purpose of avert- Aegyptus then sent out his sons in pursuit of the
ing a pestilence then raging at Athens. (Apollod. fugitives, and enjoined them not to return unless
iii. 15. & 8. )
(L. S. ] they had slain Danaus. The sons of Aegyptus
AEGLEŚ (Ayyans), a Samian athlete, who was laid siege to Argos, and when Danaus saw ibat
dumb, recovered his voice when he made an effort further resistance was useless, he put an end to the
on one occasion to express his indignation at an hostilities by giving to each of the besiegers one of
attempt to impose upon him in a public contest. his daughters. The murder of the sons of Aegyp-
(Gell. v. 9; Val. Max. i. 8, ext. 4. )
tus then took place in the bridal night. There
AEGLEʼTES (Aiyafans), that is, the radiant was a tradition at Patrae in Achaia, according to
god, a surname of Apollo. (Apollon. Rhod. iv. which Aegyptus himself came to Greece, and died
1730; Apollod. i. 9. 8 26 ; Hesych. s. v. ) (L. S. ] at Aroë with grief for the fate of his sons. The
AEGO'BOLUS (Aiyobonos), the goat-killer, a temple of Serapis at Patrae contained a monument
surname of Dionysus, at Potniae in Boeotia of Aegyptus. (Paus. vii. 21. $ 6. ) (L. S. ]
(Paus. ix. 8. $ 1. )
(L. S. ] AEIMNESTUS ('Aeluvnotos), a Spartan, who
AEGO'CERUS (Aiyokepws), a surname of Pan, killed Mardonius in the battle of Plataea, B. C. 479,
descriptive of his figure with the horns of a goat, and afterwards fell himself in the Messenian war.
but is more commonly the name given to one of the (Herod. ix. 64. ) The Spartan who killed Mar-
signs of the Zodiac. (Lucan, ix. 536 ; Lucret. v. donius, Plutarch (Arist. 19) calls Arimnestus
614 ; C. Caes. Germ. in Arat. 213. ) (L. S. ) ('Αρίμνηστος).
AEGOʻPHAGUS (Alyoddyos), the goat-eater, AE'LIA GENS, plebeian, of which the family-
a surname of Hera, under which she was worship names and surnames are Catus, Gallus, Gra-
ped by the Lacedaemonians. (Paus. üü. 15. $ 7; CILIS, LAMIA, LIGUR, PAETUA STAIENUS,
Hesych. and Etym. M. s. r. )
(L. S. ] STILO, TUBERO. On coins this gens is also
AEGUS and ROSCILLUS, two chiefs of the written Ailia, but allia seems to be a distinct
Allobroges, who had served Caesar with great gens. The only family-names and surnames of the
fidelity in the Gallic war, and were treated by Aelia gens upon coins are Bula, Lamia, Paetus,
him with great distinction. They accompanied and Sejanus. Of Bala nothing is known. Soja-
him in his campaigns against Pompey, but having nus is the name of the favorite of Tiberius, who
been reproved by Caesar on account of depriving was adopted by one of the Aelii. (SEJANUS. )
the cavalry of its pay and appropriating the booty | The first member of this gens, who obtained the
to themselves, they deserted to Poinpey in Greece. consulship, was P. Aelius Paelus in B c. 337.
## p. 28 (#48) ##############################################
28
AELIANUS.
AELIANUS.
.
Under the empire the Aelian name became still | end of the work is a concluding chapter (dwl. oyos),
more celebrated. It was the name of the emperor where he states the general principles on which be
Hadrian, and consequently of the Antonines, whom has composed his work :-that he has spent great
he adopted.
labour, care, and thought in writing it ;-that he
It is doubtful to which family P. Aelius be has preferred the pursuit of knowledge to the pur-
longed who was one of the first plebeian quaestors, suit of wealth ; and that, for his part, he found
B. C. 409. (Liv. iv. 54. )
much more pleasure in observing the habits of the
AELIA’NUS was together with Amandus the lion, the panther, and the fox, in listening to the
leader of an insurrection of Gallic peasants, called song of the nightingale, and in studying the mi-
Bagaudae, in the reign of Diocletian. It was put grations of cranes, thao in mere heaping up riches
down by the Caesar Maximianus Herculius. (Eu and being numbered among the great : -- that
trop. ix. 13; Aurel. Vict. de Coes. 39. )
throughout his work he has sought to adhere to
AELIANUS, CASPERIUS, prefect of the the truth. Nothing can be imagined more defcient
Pretorian guards under Domitian and Nerva in arrangement than this work : he goes from one
Jle excited an insurrection of the guards against subject to another without the least link of associ-
Nerva, in order to obtain the punishment of some ation; as (e. g. ) from elephants (xi. 15) to dragons
obnoxious persons, but was killed by Trajan with | (xi. 16), from the liver of mice (ii
. 56) to the uses
his accomplices. (Dion Cass. lxviii. 3, 5. )
of oxen (ü. 57). But this absence of arrangement,
AELIANUS, CLAU'DIUS (KAaúdios Alaia treating things Toukína roiki). ws, be says, is in-
vós), was born according to Suidas (s. v. Ainavos) tentional; he adopted this plan to give variety to
at Praeneste in Italy, and lived at Rome. He the work, and to avoid tedium to the reader. His
calls himself a Roman (V. H. xii. 25), as pos style, which he commends to the indulgence of
Bessing the rights of Roman citizenship. He was critics, though free from any great faul, has no
particularly fond of the Greeks and of Greek lite particular merit The similarity of plan in the two
rature and oratory. (V. II. ix. 32, xii. 25. ) works with other internal evidences, seems to
He studied under Pausanias the rhetorician, and shew that they were both written by the same
imitated the eloquence of Nicostratus and the style Aelian, and not, as Voss and Valckenaer conjec-
of Dion Chrysostom ; but especially admired ture, by two different persons.
Herodes Atticus more than all. He taught rheto in both works he seems desirous to inculcata
ric at Rome in the time of Hadrian, and hence was moral and religious principles (see V. H. vii. 44 ;
called ó copioths. So complete was the command De Anim. vi. 2, vii. 10, 11, ix. 7, and Epilog. );
he acquired over the Greek language that he could and he wrote some treatises erpressly on philoso
speak as well as a native Athenian, and hence was phical and religious subjects, especially one ou
called o ueriyawTTOs or uenipoonyos. (Philost. Vil. Providence (Nedl ripovolas) in three books (Suidas,
Soph. ii. 31. ) That rhetoric, however, was not his s. o. 'Abac avlotous), and one on the Divine Mani-
forte may easily be believed from the style of his festations (niepl Oew 'Evepyew), directed against
works; and he appears to have given up teaching the Epicureans, whom he alludes to elsewhere.
for writing. Suidas calls him 'Apxiepevs (Pontifex). (De Anim. vii. 44. ) There are also attributed to
He lived to above sixty years of age, and had no Aelian twenty letters on busbandry and such-like
children. He did not marry, because he would matters ('AYPOlkikal 'ETIOTOAal), which are by
not have any. There are two considerable works feigned characters, are written in a rhetorical up-
of his remaining : one a collection of miscellaneous real style, and are of no value. The first edition
history (Nookian 'lotopia) in fourteen books, com- of all his works was by Conrad Gesner, 1556, fol. ,
monly called his “Varia Historia," and the other containing also the works of Heraclides, Polemo,
& work on the peculiarities of animals (Tlepl Zuws Adamantius and Melampus. The “Varia Historia”
1816T7TOS) in seventeen books, commonly called his was first edited by Camillus Peruscus, Rome,
“De Animalium Natura. " The former work con- 1545, 4to. ; the principal editions since are by
tains short narrations and anecdotes, historical, Perizonius, Leyden, 1701, 8vo. , by Gronovius,
biographical, antiquarian, &c. , selected from various Leyden, 1731, 2 vols. 4to. , and by Kühn, Leip
authors, generally without their names being given, zig. 1780, 2 vols. 8vo. The De Animalium
and on a great variety of subjects. Its chief value Natura was edited by Gronovius, Lond. 1744,
arises from its containing many passages from 2 vols. 4to. , and by J. G. Schneider, Leipzig,
works of older authors which are now lost. It is 1784, 2 vols. 8vo. The last edition is that is
to be regretted that in selecting from Thucydides, Fr. Jacobs, Jena, 1832, 2 vols. 8vo. This contains
Herodotus, and other writers, he has sometimes the valuable materials which Schmeider had col-
given himself the trouble of altering their language. lected and left for a new edition. The Letters
But he tells us he liked to have his own way and were published apart from the other works bs
to follow his own taste, and so he would seem to Aldus Manutius in his “ Collectio Epistolarum
have altered for the mere sake of putting some Graecarum,” Venice, 1499, 4to.
thing different. The latter work is of the same The Varia Historia has been translated into
kind, scrappy and gossiping. It is partly collected Latin by C. Gesner, and into English by A. Fle
from older writers, and parily the result of his own ming, Lond. 1576, and by Stanley, 1665; this
observations both in Italy and abroad. According last has been reprinted more than once. The De
to Philostratus (in Vit. ) he was scarcely erer out Animalium Natura has been translated into Latin
of Italy; but he tells us himself that he travelled by Peter Gillius (a Frenchman) and by Conrad
as far as Aegypt; and that he saw at Alexandria Gesner. It does not appear to have been translated
an ox with five feet. (De Anim. xi. 40 ; comp. xi. into English.
11. ) This book would appear to have become a There has also been attributed to Aelian a work
popular and standard work on zoology, since in the called Kathyopla Toll Fúvvidos, an attack on an
fourteenth century Manuel Philes, a Byzantine effeminate man, probably meant for Elagabalus.
poet, founded upon it a poem on animals. At the (Suidas, s. r. 'Appev. )
[A. A. )
;
## p. 29 (#49) ##############################################
AELIANUS.
AEMILIA.
129
AELIA’NUS, LU'CIUS, one of the thirty ty- sions. It has been translated into English by
rants (A. D. 259-268) under the Roman empire. Capt. John Bingham, Lond. 1616, fol. , and by
He assumed the purple in Gaul after the death of Lord Dillon, 1874, 4to.
(A. A. )
Postumus, and was killed by his own soldiers, be AELIUS ARISTI'DES. (ARISTIDES. )
cause he would not allow them to plunder Mogun- AELIUS ASCLEPI'ADES. (ASCLEPIADES. ]
tiacum. Trebellius Pollio and others call him AELIUS DIONY'SIUS. [DIONYSIUS. ]
Lollianus ; Eckhel (Doctr. Num. vii. p. 448) thinks AEʻLIUS DONA'TUS. [Donatus. )
that his true name was Laelianus; but there seems AE'LIUS LAMPRI'DIUS. (LAMPRIDIUS. ]
most authority in favour of L. Aelianus. (Eutrop. AEʻLIUS MARCIANUS. [MARCIANUS. ]
ix. 7; Trebell. Poll. Trig. Tyr. 4; Aurel. Vict, de AEʻLIUS MAURUS. (MAURUS. )
Caes. 33, Epit. 32. )
AELIUS PROMOTUS (Αίλιος Προμώτος),
AELIANUS ME'CCIUS ('Alliards MEKKLOS), an ancient physician of Alexandria, of whose per-
an ancient physician, who must have lived in the sonal history no particulars are known, and whoso
second century after Christ, as he is mentioned by date is uncertain. He is supposed by Villoison
Galen (De Theriaca ad Pamphil. init. vol. xiv. (Anecd. Graec. vol. ii. p. 179. note 1) to have
p. 299) as the oldest of his tutors. His father is lived after the time of Pompey the Great, that is,
supposed to have also been a physician, as Aelianus in the first century before Christ; by others he is
is said by Galen (De Dissech. Muscul. c. I. p. 2. considered to be much more ancient ; and by
ed. Dietz) to have made an epitome of his father's Choulant (Handbuch der Bücherkunde für die
anatomical writings. Galen speaks of that part of Aeltere Medicin, Ed. 2. Leipzig, 1840, 8vo. ), on
his work which treated of the Dissection of the the other hand, he is placed as late as the second
Muscles as being held in some repute in his time half of the first century after Christ. He is most
(ilnid. ), and he always mentions his tutor with re probably the same person who is quoted by Galen
spech (ibid. c. 7, 22, pp. 11, 57. ) During the (De Compos. Medicam. secund. Locos, iv. 7, vol.
prevalence of an epidemic in Italy, Aelianus is xii. p. 730) simply by the name of Aelius.
