No More Learning

lishman and the Scandinavian) (1880); etc.
Metternich, Clemens Wenzel Nepomuk Lo-
thar, Prince (met'ter-nich). A celebrated Aus-
trian statesman; born at Coblentz, May 15,
1773; died at Vienna, July 11, 1859. Managing
Austria's affairs with consummate skill through
the Napoleonic era, he secured for her at the
Congress of Vienna (1814) more than a resto-
ration of the territory Napoleon had stripped
her of, and a more prominent position than ever;
was chancellor of the Austrian empire (1821-
48); and dominated for thirty years the Con-
tinental politics of Europe (1814-44). (Writings,
with autobiography, 8 vols. , Vienna, 1880-84).
Mexican Nun, The - Juana Yñez de la Cruz.
A Mexican poet (1651-95), nun of the convent
of San Gerónimo. She is famous for the beauty
of her stanzas "Learning and Riches); 'Death
in Youth); etc. *
Meyer, Konrad Ferdinand. A distinguished
Swiss poet and novelist; born at Zürich, Oct.
12, 1825. 'His home since 1875 has been at
Kilchberg, near Zürich. Among his works
are : in verse, Ballads! (1867), (Romances
and Pictures) (1870), Hutten's Last Days)
(8th ed. 1891), "Engelberg' (3d ed. 1889); the
novels (The Saint) (12th ed. 1894), (A Boy's
>


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MEYN -- MICKLE
381
a
Suffering) (3d ed. 1889), «The Monk's Wed-
ding) (5th ed. 1893), (The Temptation of Pes-
cara) (4th ed. 1889), Angela Borgia) (5th ed.
1892); etc. Most of the novels are contained
in a collection, the fifth edition of which ap-
peared in 1892. *
Meyn, Antoinette (min). A Norwegian
miscellaneous writer, employing the pseudo-
nyms Marie » and Holger Birch. ) Most of
her works have been translated into Swedish
and German. Among them are: (In the Twi-
light' (3d ed. 1881);( Through Struggles) (1876);
"In the Home Circle) (1878); (The House of
Dyocke) (1885); Dream and Real Life) (1891);
(From Times Gone By' (1893); etc.
Meynell, Alice (Thompson) (mā'nel). An
English poet and essayist; born in London.
She spent much of her childhood in Italy, and
married (1877) Wilfrid Meynell, editor of Merry
England. She has written in verse (Preludes)
(1875; 2d ed. 1893), illustrated by her sister
Lady (Elizabeth) Butler; in prose (Rhythm
of Life' (1893), etc.
Meyr, Melchior (mir). A German novelist,
poet, and philosophical writer; born at Ehr-
ingen, near Nördlingen, Bavaria, June 28, 1810;
died at Munich, April 22, 1871. He resided in
Berlin (1841-52) and Munich (1852—71). His
best-known works were: "Stories from the
Ries) (4th ed. 1892), containing delightful de-
scriptions of peasant life in his native district;
they are among the very best German village
tales. Among the best of his other produc-
tions were Duke Albert' (1852) and Charles
the Bold) (1862). He published also (Poems)
(1857), religious-philosophical writings, trage-
dies, and romances.
Mezeray, François Eudes de (māz-rā'). A
French historian; born at Ruy, near Falaise,
Normandy, 1610; died in Paris, July 10, 1683.
Richelieu made him historiographer, and gave
him a pension. His principal work was a
(History of France (1638–51), published after-
ward in improved form as Chronological Ab-
stract of the History of France) (1668). His
method was a radical departure in historical
writing, and the forerunner of modern histo-
ries, being of the people as well as sovereigns.
Michaud, Joseph François (mē-sho'). A
French journalist, poet, and historian; born at
Albens, Savoy, June 19, 1767; died at Passy,
Sept. 30, 1839. Through the Revolution and
the Napoleonic era he remained a stanch Bour-
bonist. His most popular poem was (An Ex-
ile's Spring (2d ed. 1827). His chief histor-
ical works were: (History of the Empire of
Mysore) (2 vols. , 1801); (History of the Cru-
sades' (3 vols. , 1812-22). With his brother he
edited the Biographie Universelle) (1811-28).
Michel Angelo (mē-kel än'je-lo)- Michel-
agnolo Buonarroti. The eminent Italian sculp-
tor, painter, architect, and poet; born at Ca-
prese, March 6, 1475; died at Rome, Feb. 18,
1564. Of world-wide and lasting renown as an
artist and architect, his claim to literary fame
rests upon his sonnets and letters. The best
edition of his (Poems) was published at Flor.
ence, 1863; an English translation of the son-
nets by Symonds, London, 1892. A volume of
(Letters' was published at Florence, 1865. *
Michelet, Jules (mēsh-lā'). A famous
French historian; born in Paris, Aug. 21, 1798;
died at Hyères, Feb. 9, 1874. He was pro-
fessor of history at the Collège Rollin, 1821-
26; lecturer at the Normal School, 1827; chief
of the historical department of the royal ar-
chives, 1830; professor of history and morals at
the Collège de France, 1838-51. His principal
historical works were : (History of France) (16
vols. , 1833–67); History of the Revolution)
(7 vols. , 1847-53); (Abridgment of Modern His.
tory) (1827); etc. Among his polemical writ-
ings were : (Of the Jesuits) (1843); (Of the
Priest, the Wife, and the Family) (1844); (Of
the People) (1845); ' Poland and Russia) (1851);
etc. He wrote also, assisted by his wife, the
delightful works (The Bird) (1856); (The In-
sect) (1857); "Love) (1858); "Woman' (1859);
etc. *
Michiels, Alfred Joseph Xavier (mē-shi-āl).
A French historian, critic, and miscellaneous
writer; born in Rome, Dec. 25, 1813; died in
Paris, Oct. 28, 1892. He studied law originally.
He wrote (Studies of Germany) (2d ed. 1850);
(History of Literary Ideas in France in the
19th Century) (3d ed. 1862); (Journey of a Vir-
tuoso in England (4th ed. 1872); "History of
Flemish and Dutch Painting' (new ed. 10 vols. ,
1865–76); (Architecture and Painting in Europe)
(3d ed. 1873); (Secret History of the Austrian
Government' (4th ed. 1879); (Count Bismarck)
(1871); the popular (Tales of the Mountains)
(1857); and (Political Dramas) (1865); etc.
Mickiewicz, Adam (mits-kē'ā-vich). A cel.
ebrated Polish poet; born near Novogródek,
Lithuania, Dec. 24, 1798; died at Constanti-
nople, Nov. 26, 1855. He was the greatest of
Slavic poets. Banished from Poland for polit-
ical reasons, he resided principally at Paris
after 1828; was professor of the Slavic lan-
guages and literature at the Collège de France
(1840-44). His great work was the epic (Pan
Tadeusz) (Lord Thaddeus (of Warsaw]: 1834),
a picture of Lithuanian life in 1812; though
another epic, Conrad Wallenrod (1828), writ.
ten while an exile in Russia, is hardly less re-
nowned. Other important works were: a third
epic, (Grazyna) (1822); the ballad Dziady)
(1823); (Crimean Sonnets) (1826); (The Books
of the Polish People and of the Polish Pil-
grimage' (1832); (Lectures on Slavic Litera-
ture, etc. ((Works, latest edition, 4 vols. ,
Lemberg, 1893. ) *
Mickle, William Julius.
A Scottish poet;
born at Langholm, Dumfriesshire, Sept. 28, 1735;
died at Forest Hill, Oct. 28, 1788. He trans-
lated into English the 'Lusiad) (new ed. 1798),
the national epic of Portugal; and wrote (Syr
Martyn) (1778), (Almada Hill (1781), etc.
He is said to have been the author of the


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382
MIDDLETON — MILICEVIC
song (There's Nae Luck aboot the Hoose.
(Poetical Works, with life, 1806. )
Middleton, Conyers. An eminent English
theological and classical writer; born at Rich-
mond, Yorkshire, Dec. 27, 1683; died at Hil-
dersham, July 28, 1750. His life was one of
embittered controversy, in which he gained
immediate opprobrium and material harm, but
enduring intellectual consideration. His princi-
pal writings were : Life of Cicero) (1741), an
acute defense of Cicero as statesman; Intro-
ductory Discourse) (1747); most famous of all,
the (Free Inquiry) (1748),- an argument to
prove that the mediæval miracles were false
because they grew more plentiful as the need
of them grew less.
Middleton, Thomas. An English dramatist;
born in London (? ) about 1570; died at New-
ington Butts, 1627. He collaborated with Row.
ley, Massinger, Fletcher, and Ben Jonson. He
wrote: (A Mad World, My Masters) (1608);
(The Game of Chess) (1623); (The Spanish
Gipsy) (1653); (Women Beware Women'(1657);
a satire on Prince Charles's unsuccessful woo-
ing of the Spanish Infanta ; etc. (Dramatic
Works,' 8 vols. , London, 1886. )
Mignet, François Auguste Marie (mēn-yā').
A French historian; born at Aix, Provence,
May 8, 1796; died in Paris, March 24, 1884. He
studied law; was director of the archives of
the foreign ministry, Paris, 1830–48. Among
his works were : Life of Franklin (1848);
(History of the French Revolution (13th ed.
1880); (Charles V. (10th ed. 1882); “History of
Marie Stuart) (6th ed. 1884); etc. He wrote
also a drama entitled (Antonio Perez and Philip
II. (5th ed. 1881. )
Mikhaïlov, Mikhail Larionovich (mé-kä'ē.
lof). A Russian journalist and novelist; born
in the Ural Mountains, 1826; died in Siberia,
1865. He was son of a Russian official and a
Khirgiz princess. On his return from traveling
in Europe (1858-61), political considerations
caused his exile. His best novel was: (Adam
Adamovich) (1851). (Works, St. Petersburg,
1859. )
Miklosich, Franz von (mik'lo-zich). The
founder of Slavic philology; born near Lutten-
berg, Styria, Nov. 20, 1813; died at Vienna,
March 7, 1891. He was member of the Reichs-
tag (1848); professor of Slavic philology at
Vienna (1850-86); life member of the Reichstag
(1862). He published: (Comparative Grammar
of the Slavic Languages) (1852–74); Dialects
and Wanderings of the Gipsies of Europe)
(1872–77); “Etymological Dictionary of the
Slavic Languages) (1886); etc.
Mikovec, Ferdinand Bretislav (mik'o-vets).
A Bohemian dramatist and archæologist; born
at Sloup (Pirkstein), Dec. 24, 1826; died at
Prague, Sept. 22, 1862. He took part in the
Bohemian and Servian commotions of 1848;
founded at Prague the Lumir, the only maga-
zine in Bohemia then devoted exclusively
to belles-lettres (1851); also wrote (Bohemian
Antiquities) (1858). He published (The Ex-
tinction of the Premyslides' (1851), and "Dimitri
Ivanovic) (1856), two successful tragedies; and
left two other dramas in MS.
Milá y Fontanals, Manuel (mé-lä' ē fon-ta-
näls'). A Spanish scholar; born near Barce-
lona, May 4, 1818; died at Barcelona, July 16,
1884. He was professor of literature at Barce-
lonia (1845). He devoted himself to history,
especially that of Catalonia and Spain, and
was an authority on the Romance languages
and literatures. Among his works were :
(Catalonian Legends) (2d ed. 1882); (The
Troubadours in Spain (1861); (The Popular
Heroic Poetry of Spain' (1873); Principles of
Spanish Literature (1874); etc.
Milanés, José Jacinto (mē-lä-nās'). A Cu-
ban poet; born in Matanzas, August 1814;
died November 1863. His drama 'El Conde
de Alarcos) at once gave its author fame, as
it contains passages of very passionate poetry.
The drama (A Poet at Court. also met great
success. He published (A Cuban Looker-on,
a series of social sketches (1842). Many of
his poems have been translated into English,
French, and Italian, and nearly all his works
into German.
Milburn, William Henry. A noted Ameri-
can Methodist preacher and lecturer; born in
Philadelphia, Sept. 26, 1823. He has been
widely known as “the blind preacher," and
six times chaplain of the national House of
Representatives, once of the national Senate
(1893). He has written : “Rifle, Axe, and Sad-
dle-Bags) (1857); (Ten Years of Preacher Life!
(1859); (Pioneers and People of the Missis-
sippi Valley) (1860).
Milelli, Domenico (mē-lel'lē). An Italian
poet; born at Catanzaro, Calabria, 1841. In-
tended for the priesthood, he adopted instead
literature of the most realistic sort. A prolific
writer, among his works are: In Youth' (1873);
(Gioconda) (1874); "Hiemalia' (1874); Pagan
Odes) (1879); (Song Book) (1884); etc. His
(Rime) (Verses), published under the pseudo-
nym
« Count of Lara,” has been very popular.
Miles, George Henry. An American dram-
atist and story-writer; born in Baltimore, Md. ,
July 31, 1824; died in Thornbrook, Md. , July 23,
1871. His short story Loretto, or the Choice,
won the $50 prize offered by the Baltimore
Catholic Mirror for the best short story. In
1850 his Mohammed' won the $1,000 prize
offered by Edwin Forrest for the best play by
an American author. He wrote many poems,
plays, and sketches; among them Christine, a
Troubadour's Song; and Other Poems) (1866);
and Abou Hassan the Wag, or the Sleeper
Awakened) (1868).
Milicevic, Milan (mil-i-chev'ich). A Ser.
vian geographical, ethnological, and historical
writer, and novelist; born near Belgrade, May
7, 1831. He studied theology; was a teacher
(1850); and secretary of the Servian minister
of education (1861). He has written : (The


## p. 383 (#399) ############################################

MILL- MILLER
383
:
Principality of Servia) (1876); “Servian Peasant
Life) (in the Glasnik : 1867 and 1873); (King-
dom of Servia (1884); the stories of Servian
life (Jurmersa and Fatima,' and 'Winter Even-
ings) (1879); etc.
Mill, James. A noted English philosopher,
historian, and political economist; born in For-
farshire, Scotland, April 6, 1773; died at Kens-
ington, June 23, 1836. He studied originally
for the church. His great work was (An
Analysis of the Phenomena of the Human
Mind) (2 vols. , 1829), which laid the founda-
tion of the association) psychology, since
ably developed by Spencer and Bain. He
published besides a "History of British India)
(3 vols. , 1817-18; new ed. 1872), which got him
a position with the East India Company; (Po-
litical Economy) (1821–22); numerous contri-
butions to the Westminster Review; articles
in the 'Encylopædia Britannica”; etc.
Mill, John Stuart. A celebrated English
philosophical writer, logician, and political econ-
omist, son of James; born in London, May 20,
1806; died at Avignon, France, May 8, 1873.
In early childhood he was educated by his
father after a unique and rigid system. He
became superintendent and proprietor of the
Westminster Review (1836-40); chief examiner
of the India House (1856); Member of Parlia-
ment (1865).
Among his most important works
were : Logic) ( 1843); (Political Economy)
(1848); “Essay on Liberty' (1859); Utilita-
rianism) (1862); “Examination of Sir William
Hamilton's Philosophy) (1865); (Auguste Comte
and Positivism (1865); “On the Subjection of
Women (1869); etc. His Autobiography) ap-
peared in 1873. He was one of the most lucid
expositors of abstract ideas who ever wrote in
English. *
Miller, Cincinnatus Heine, better known
as Joaquin Miller. An American poet; born
in Wabash district, Ind. , Nov. 10, 1841. His
checkered life has included the extremes of
being a California gold-miner, editor of an Ore-
gon newspaper, an Oregon lawyer and judge,
a social lion in London, journalist at Washing.
ton, D. C. , etc. The name of Joaquin ” he
took from Joaquin Murietta, a Mexican brigand,
whom he had once legally defended. His Col-
lected Poems) appeared in 1882. Since then
he has published (Songs of Mexican Seas)
(1887); and (Songs of the Soul) (1896). He
has written also in prose (The Baroness of
New York) (1877); ('49, or The Gold Seekers
of the Sierras) (1884); etc. His novel (The
Danites) (1881) was successfully staged. *
Miller, Mrs. Emily Huntington. An Amer-
ican educator and popular writer for the young;
born in Connecticut, 1833. She is president of
the Woman's College of the Northwestern Uni-
versity, III. Among her works are : (From Ava-
lon and Other Poems); (The Royal Road to
Fortune) (1875); the 'Kirkwood) series; etc.
Miller, Harriet (Mann). f Olive Thorne
Miller. ”] An American writer of children's
stories; born in Auburn, N. Y. , 1831; particularly
distinguished for her descriptive books of birds
and their habits. Included in her publications
are : (A Bird-Lover in the West); (In Nesting
Time); "Little Folks in Feathers and Fur);
(Our Home Pets); and "Little People of Asia. '
Miller, Hugh. A noted Scottish geologist,
whose writings first made geology popularly
known; born at Cromarty, Oct. 10, 1802; died
near Edinburgh, Dec. 2, 1856. Beginning life
as a stone-mason (1819-36), he became bank
accountant at Cromarty (1834), and editor of
an Edinburgh newspaper (1840). His chief
works were : (The Old Red Sandstone) (1841);
(Footprints of the Creator) (1847); (My Schools
and Schoolmasters) (1852); (Testimony of the
Rocks) (1857). He published besides Poems)
(1829); (Scenes and Legends of the North of
Scotland) (1835); etc.
Miller, Joaquin. See Miller, C. H.
Miller, Johann Martin. A German novel-
ist and poet; born at Ulm, Dec. 3, 1750; died
there, June 21, 1814. He was professor at Ulm
(1781); dean and clerical councilor (1810). He
was best known by (Siegwart, a Convent Tale)
(1776). He wrote also in prose: (Contribu-
tion to the History of the Tender Passion)
(1776); “Correspondence between Three Col-
lege Friends) (1776); “Story of Charles of
Burgheim and Emilia of Rosenau (1778); etc. :
while several of his Poems) (1783) became
popular songs.
Miller, Olive Thorno. See Miller, Har-
riet M.
Miller, Orest Fedorovich (mil'er). A Rus-
sian political, archæolo, ical, and critical writer;
born in Reval, 1833. He is one of the lead.
ing Slavophils; teacher of Russian literature
in the University of St. Petersburg (1861). He
has written : (The Slav Question in Life and
Knowledge) (1865); "Lomonosov and the Re-
forms of Peter the Great) (1866); Ilja Muro-
vetz and the Heroes of Kiev' (1869), a study
of Russian popular myths; (The Slav World
and Europe) (1877), his most successful work;
(Lectures on Russian Literature after Gog
(3d ed. 1887); etc.
Miller, Stephen Franks. An American law.
yer and biographical writer; born in North
Carolina about 1810; died 1867. He wrote:
(Bench and Bar of Georgia) (2 vols. , 1858), a
valuable collection of biographies and histor-
ical matter; (Memoir of General Blackshear and
the War in Georgia, 1813-14' (1858); (Wilkins
Wylder) (1860).
Miller, Thomas. An English poet, novelist,
and writer on rural life; born at Gainsborough,
1807; died in London, Oct. 24, 1874. He sup-
ported himself as a basket-maker, till Rogers
the poet enabled him to open a book-store in
London. He wrote: (Royston Gower) (1838),
a novel; (Rural Sketches) (1839), in verse;
(Gideon Giles, the Roper) (1840) and (God-
frey Malvern) (1843), novels; History of the


## p. 384 (#400) ############################################

384
MILLER - MIRABEAU
(
Anglo-Saxons) (1848; four editions since); etc.
With G. W. M. Reynolds, he wrote Vol. v. of
the Mysteries of London.
Miller, William. A Scottish poet; born in
Bridgegate, Glasgow, August 1810; died at
Glasgow, Aug. 20, 1872. Uncertain health pre-
venting his becoming a physician, he adopted
the trade of wood-turning. He has been called
( the laureate of the nursery. ” He wrote:
(Scottish Nursery Songs and Other Poems)
(1863). One of his most popular single poems
was (Wee Willie Winkie. )
Millet, Francis Davis. An American artist,
story-writer, and noted war correspondent; born
at Mattapoisett, Mass. , Nov. 3, 1846. He was
very successful as correspondent of the Lon-
don Daily News in the Turco-Russian war, and
has been a frequent contributor to periodicals.
He has published in book form (A Capillary
Crime, and Other Stories); and (The Danube
from the Black Forest to the Black Sea.
Mills, Abraham. An American prose-writer;
born in Dutchess County, N. Y. , in 1796; died
in New York city, July 8, 1867. He published
(Literature and Literary Men of Great Brit-
ain and Ireland) (2 vols. , 1851); (Outlines of
Rhetoric and Belles-Lettres) (1854); Poets
and Poetry of the Ancient Greeks) (1854);
“Compendium of the History of the Ancient
Hebrews) (1856).
Milman, Henry Hart. A distinguished Eng.
lish clergyman, historian, and poet ; born in
London, Feb. 10, 1791 ; died near Ascot, Sept.
24, 1868. He was professor of poetry at Ox.
ford, 1821-31; Bampton lecturer 1827; canon of
Westminster 1835; dean of St. Paul's 1849. His
(History of the Jews) (1830) excited intense
antagonism, being the first attempt to apply
secular historical methods to the sacred history,
though not irreverently. In 1838 he edited
Gibbon's (Decline and Fall of the Roman Em-
pire,' and in 1839 published a Life of Gibbon.
He wrote History of Christianity under the
Empire' (1840), and published in 1855 his most
important work, «The History of Latin Christ-
ianity down to the Death of Pope Nicholas V. !
In verse he produced (Samor) (1818), an epic;
(Fall of Jerusalem) (1820); etc. The drama
(Fazio) (1815), written while he was at Ox-
ford, was performed in 1818 by Charles Kem-
ble and Miss O'Neill, and by Madame Ristori
in 1856. He also wrote a history of St. Paul's
Cathedral. His (Essays and Memoirs) were
collected by his son in 1870.
Milnes, Richard Monckton (milz). See
Houghton.
Milton, John. One of the greatest of Eng.
lish poets; born in London, Dec. 9, 1608; died
there, Nov. 8, 1674. He graduated at Cambridge
in 1629; traveled in Italy, 1638; was Latin sec-
retary of the Commonwealth, 1649; became to-
tally blind in 1652. His greatest works were the
famous epics Paradise Lost' (1666) and (Para-
dise Regained' (1671); the tragedy (Samson
Agonistes) (1671); the poems Comus (1634),
Lycidas) (1637), L'Allegro) (1645), Il Pen-
seroso' (1645); and his various sonnets. Of his
prose writings the most renowned were Areo-
pagitica' (1644), advocating freedom of the
press ; (The Tenure of Kings and Magistrates)
(1649), justifying the execution of Charles I. ;
and the Defence of the English People
(1654). *
Mines, John Flavel. (“Felix Oldboy. ”] An
American journalist, descriptive writer, and
writer of verse ; born in Paris, 1835; died 1891.
Originally a student of theology, he entered
the army as chaplain in 1861; but afterward
abandoned the ministry, received a commis-
sion, and was mustered out as lieutenant-colonel
in 1865. He published: (Heroes of the Last
Lustre' (1858), verse; “Tour around New York,
by Mr. Felix Oldboy) (1888).
Minghetti, Marco (min-get'tē). An Italian
statesman, journalist, and miscellaneous writer;
born at Bologna, Nov. 8, 1818; died at Rome,
Dec. 10, 1886. A conspicuous political figure in
his day, he occupied for a number of years the
highest positions, and was very influential in
the government. He wrote: (Relation of Pub.
lic Economy to Morality and Right) (2d ed.
1868), his most remarkable work ;(Literary and
Economic Pamphlets) (1872); Italian Ladies
in the Fine Arts) (1877); Church and State'
(1878); Raphael (1885), a biography; My
Recollections) (1888-91); etc.
Minot, Laurence. An English lyric poet;
born 1300 (? ); died 1352 (? ). Scarcely anything
is known of his life. His poetry expressed
the militant England of his time, being devoted
to the triumph of England over the French and
Scots. First printed in 1795; latest edition,
edited by Joseph Hall, Clarendon Press, 1887.
Minto, William. A Scottish scholar and
miscellaneous writer; born in Alford, Aber-
deenshire, Oct. 10, 1845; died at Aberdeen,
March 1, 1893. He was editor of the Lon-
don Examiner, 1874-78; professor of logic and
English literature at the University of Aber-
deen, 1880. Besides several novels, articles in
the "Encyclopædia Britannica, contributions
to reviews, etc. , he published (English Prose
Writers) (1872); and (English Poets) (1874).
Mira de Mescua or Amescua, Antonio (më'.
rä dā mā'-skwä). A Spanish poet and dram-
atist; born at Guadix, about 1570; died at Ma-
drid, 1635. He was court chaplain at Granada,
and afterward chaplain of honor to Philip IV.
at Madrid. Calderon and Corneille borrowed
from his works. A few of his lyrics can be
seen in Vol. xiii. , five of his plays in Vol. xiv. ,
of Rivadeneyra's Library of Spanish Authors.
Mirabeau, Gabriel Honoré de Riquetti,
Count of (mē-rä-bo'). A famous French ora-
tor and revolutionist; born at Bignon, March
9, 1749; died in Paris, April 2, 1791. He rose
to the rank of captain in the army; in 1789
was delegate of the Third Estate to the conven-
tion of the States-General, where his eloquence
made him a power; president of the Jacobin


## p. 385 (#401) ############################################

MIRANDOLA – MIVART
385
*
а
Club in 1790, of the National Assembly in 1791.
Among his writings were : (The Friend of Men'
(1755); Rural Philosophy) (1763); (The Prus-
sian Monarchy' (1788), his chief work; (Secret
History of the Court of Berlin (1789); etc.
He was the one large statesman of the French
Revolution. ("Works,' best edition,- though
lacking the Prussian Monarchy,' -- by Blanch-
ard, 10 vols. , 1822. ) *
Mirandola (mē-rän'do-lä). See Pico.
Mirecourt, Eugène de (mēr-kör'). A French
novelist and miscellaneous writer; born at Mire-
court, Nov. 19, 1812; died in Tahiti, Feb. 13,
1880. Among his novels were : Confessions
of Marion Delorme) (1848): Memoirs of Ni-
non de Lenclos' ( 1852 ); (The Marchioness de
Courcelles) (1859). His name was originally
Jacquot Mirecourt.
Mistral, Frederi (mēs-träl'). A celebrated
Provençal poet; born at Maillane, Bouches-du-
Rhône, Sept. 8, 1830. After studying law, he
devoted himself to establishing the Provençal
dialect as a literary tongue, and became one
of the originators of the renowned society of
Félibrige (1854), founded for that purpose
His most famous works are the poems (Mi-
rèio' (1858; several editions, and translated into
a number of languages); Calendau) (1867);
and Nerto) (1883). He has published also
Lis Isclo d'Oro) (1875), a collection of fugi-
tive poems; (The Poem of the Rhône) (1897);
two volumes of Lou Tresor dou Felibrige)
(1878–86); a Provençal-French dictionary; etc. *
Mitchel, Frederick Augustus. An Ameri.
can novelist and biographer; born 1839. He
has written: 'Chattanooga) and (Chicka-
mauga, two romances of the Civil War; and
Ormsby Macknight Mitchel, Astronomer and
General (1887), a biography of his father.
Mitchel, Ormsby Macknight. An American
astronomer and soldier ; born in Union County,
Ky. , in 1809 or 1810; died in Beaufort, S. C. ,
of yellow fever, Oct. 30, 1862. He graduated
at West Point in 1829; became professor of
mathematics and astronomy at Cincinnati Col.
lege, O. , 1834, and was largely instrumental in
building and equipping the observatory there;
and was director of the Dudley Observatory,
Albany, N. Y. , 1859. He was made brigadier-
general in the Federal service, 1861; won the
battle of Huntsville, Ala. , April 1862; was pro-
moted to major-general and commander of the
Department of the South. He delivered many
popular lectures on astronomy, and published
(Planetary and Stellar Worlds ); (The Orbs of
Heaven); Elementary Treatise on the Sun);
and Astronomy of the Bible. '
V Mitchell, Donald Grant. (“Ik Marvel. ” ]
A noted American essayist and novelist; born
at Norwich, Conn. , April 1822. Originally a
lawyer, he was consul at Venice 1853–55; he
has since lived on his estate Edgewood, near
New Haven, Conn. His best-known works
are : (Reveries of a Bachelor) (1850); Dream
Life' (1851); “ My Farm of Edgewood’ (1863);
(Wet Days at Edgewood' (1864). He has
written also : ( Doctor Johns) (1866), a novel ;
Bound Together) (1884); (English Lands, Let-
ters, and Kings) (1889–90); etc.