heretics that ever were, pretended that they What would you then say this man that had God's word for them; yea, and the
made solemn oath and promise unto God and devil being the father beresies, alledged his Church, and made protestation before God's word for him, saying, Scriptum est,
lemnly, before witness leadeth
he holdeth secretly ilis hand, ture protesteth before one
science at all.
made solemn oath and promise unto God and devil being the father beresies, alledged his Church, and made protestation before God's word for him, saying, Scriptum est,
lemnly, before witness leadeth
he holdeth secretly ilis hand, ture protesteth before one
science at all.
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STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1553–for Treason and Heresy. 782
perjury: also books of heresy, made partly nire, and the law the realm expelled, by him, partly set forth by authority. and the king standeth accursed maintaining And here produce him party principal, his own laws. Therefore consideration that answer your good lordship. the king and queen take their power him,
Thus when Dr. Martin had ended his Ora though God should give them there no tion, the Archbishop beginneth, here fol true subject, unless abrogate, seeing the
loweth -
Cranmer. Shall then make my Answer Martin. you think good, man shall
let you. -
And here the archbishop kneeling down
crown holden him being out the realm. —The bishop Rome contrary God, and
injurious his laws; for God commanded
men diligent the knowledge his
law; and therefore hath appointed one holy both knees towards the west, said first the day the week the least, for the people
Lord's Prayer. Then rising the Articles the Creed.
entereth with his protestation loweth
reciteth come the church and hear the word God
The FAITH and PRofession mer, Archbishop Commissioners.
Which done, form
expounded unto them, and that they might the fol better understand hear their mother tongue which they know. The pope doth con
Doctor Cran trary; for willeth the service had Canterbury, before the the Latin tongue, which they not understand.
God would have perceived the pope will not. When the priest giveth thanks, God
would that the people should too, and God will them confess altogether; the pope will not. —Now concerning the Sacra ment, have taught false doctrine the sacrament the altar: for can proved
any doctor above thousaud years after Martin. Mark master Cranmer how you Christ, that Christ's body there really, will answer for yourself. You refuse and deny him, give over. My book was made seven years
whose laws yet remain life, being ago, and man hath brought any authors otherwise attainted high treason, and but against believe that whoso eateth and dead man the laws this realm. drinketh that sacrament, Christ within them,
Cran. protest before God was trai whole Christ, his nativity, passion, resurrection tor, but indeed confessed more my arraign and ascension; but not that corporally that
profess touching my faith, and make my Protestation, which
desire you note. will never consent that the bishop Rome shall have any jurisdiction within this realm.
CRANMER. This
Story. Take note thereof.
ment than was true.
Martin. That not be reasoned this
present. Ye know were condemned traitor, and Res judicata pro veritate accipitur.
But proceed your matter.
Cran. will never consent the bishop
Rome, for then should give myself the devil; for have made oath the king, and
must obey the king God's laws. By the Scripture the king chief, and foreign per son his own realin above him. There no subject but king. am subject, owe
sitteth heaven. Now Christ commanded all
drink the cup the pope taketh away from the lay men, also yet one saith, that
Christ had died for the devil, that drink thereof. Christ biddeth
king, etiam discolo. The bishop
deth obey him therefore unless be Antichrist, cannot tell what make him. Wherefore should obey him, cannot obey Christ. He like the devil his doings; for the devil said Christ, thou wilt fall down and worship me, will give thee the king doins the world. Thus took upon him give that which was not his own. Even the bishop Rome giveth princes their crowns,
being none his own; for where princes either election, either succession, either in
heritance obtain their crown, saith that they should have from him. —Christ saith, that Antichrist shall be. And who shall he be? Forsooth he that advanceth himself above all other creatures. Now there he none alrea
my fidelity the crown. The pope the crown. cannot obey both
can serve two masters once,
beginning your oration declared and the keys, attributing the keys
and the sword the king. But hath both. Therefore that Rome, and the laws Rome,
contrary for man you the
the sword
the pope, say the king
subject perjured
for the pope's and the judge's laws are contrary,
they are uncertain and confounded. priest
indebted the laws the realm, shall sued
before temporal judge; the pope's laws besides the pope, then -in the mean time let contrary. The pope doth the king injury, him be Antichrist.
that hath his power from the pope. The Story. Pleaseth you make end king head his own realm but the pope Cran. For will the vicar Christ,
claimeth bishops, priests, curates, &c.
the pope every realm hath realm. —Again,
by the laws Rome the benefice must given the bishop the laws the realm,
will dispense with the Old and New Testa ment also, yea and with apostasy. —Now have
declared why cannot with my conscience obey
the pope. speak not this for hatred bear the patron giveth the benefice. Herein the him that now supplieth the room, for know
laws contrary fire and water. No man him not. pray God give him grace not ean the laws Rome proceed Praemu follow ancestors. Neither say this my
that hath advanced himself after such sort
should obey the Rome bid
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785) STATE TRIALS, 1 MARY, 1553–Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [7s,
defence, but to declare my conscience for the argued length. So the last both the zeal that I bear to God's word trodden under Universities agreed, and set their seals, and
foot by the bishop of Rome. I cast fear apart, sent king Henry 8th the court, that for Christ said to his Apostles, that in the lat ought supreme head, and not the pope.
ter days they should suffer much sorrow, and be put to death name's sake: fear them not, saith he, but fear him which when hath killed the body, hath power cast the soul into fire everlasting. Also Christ saith, that he that will live shall die, and that loseth his life for my name's sake, shall find again. Moreover said, confess me before men, and
uot afraid; for you so, will stand with you you shoink from me, will shrink from you. This comfortable and terrible say ing, this maketh me set fear apart.
say therefore the bishop Rome treadeth un der foot God's laws and the king's. --The pope would give bishoprics; would the king. But
the last the king got the upper hand, and
are bishops perjured first the pope, and
then the king. —The crown hath nothing
Whereupon you were then doctor divinity that time, and your consent was there unto,
your hand doth appear. Therefore you misreport me, that was the cause your falling away from the pope, but was your self. All this was bishop Warrham's time, and whilst was alive, that was three quarters year after ere ever had the bi shoprick Canterbury my hands, and be fore might any thing. that here have reported me that which cannot prove, which evil done. —All this while his cap was his head.
Glocest. We come examine you, and you, methink, examine us.
Dr. Story's oratios.
Pleaseth your good lordship, be hath pleased the king and queen’s
judge, the judge shall make process against majesties
him, but not execute any laws. For the hear the examination this man before your
judge should put him execution, then the good lordship, give me leave somewhat king accursed maintaining his own laws. talk that behalf. Although know that
do with the clergy. For clerk come before cause
appoint my companion and me
Srony.
And therefore say that neither true God, neither the king, that first received the pope. But shall heartily pray for such coun sellors, may inform her the truth; for the
talk with heretics there cometh hurt men; for wearieth the stedfast, troubleth the doubt ful, and taketh snare the weak and simple: yet because saith, not bound an swer your lordship sitting for the pope's holi ness, because Premunire, and the word
king and queen, do well.
Martin.
maintain the supremacy Rome, they cannot
maintain England too.
Cran. require you declare the king
they well informed, will
you understand, then they God termeth it; think good somewhat
and queen what have said, and how their
oaths stand with the realm and the pope. will glad hear your most charitable
Gregory saith, that taketh upon him
be head the universal church, worse than the Antichrist. any man can shew me, that not against God's word hold his stirrup when taketh his horse, and kiss his
dealing with him; will they weary
hear the blundering this stubborn heretic. And where alledgeth divinity, mingling fas
néfasque together, should not have been heard. For shall be sufficient for him alledge, the judge not competent Do we not see that the common law not lawful
feet (as kings do) then will kiss his feet also.
—And you for your part, my lord, are perjured;
for now judge the pope, and yet you for man Westminster ball refuse his
did receive your bishoprick the king. You judge: And shall we dispute contra eun gui
the negal principia Although there here the great company learned men, that know
unmeet do, yet have here plain canon,
Henry 8th, that ought and this you contraire decretis, nec locum deinceps inter made me to do. Sacerdotes habeat, sed exors sancto fiat mini Cranmer. To this answer, said he; you sterio, nec ejus judicio quisquam posthac
report me ill, and say not the truth, and will curam habeat, quin jam damnatus sancta prove here before you all. The truth Apostolica Ecclesia sua inobedientia præ that my predecessor, bishop Warrham, gave sumptione quoquam esse non dubitetur. the supremacy king Henry 8th, and said Quin majoris excommunicationis dejectione est
that ought have before the bishop abjiciendus, cui sanctae Ecclesiae commissa Rome, and that God's word would bear him. fuerit disciplina, qui non solum jussionibus And upon the same was there sent both the prolatae sanctæ Ecclesiae parere debuit, sed Universities Oxford and Cambridge, know etiam aliis preterirent insinuare. Sitgue
what the word God would touching the alients divinis pontificalibus officiis qui supremacy, and was reasoned upon, and noluerit praeceptis Apostolicis obtemperate. '
have taken oath adversary realm; for the pope's laws are contrary laws of the realm.
Glocester. You were the cause that
did wherein declareth himself convicted
ipso forsake the pope, and did swear that ought facto. The canon this “Sit ergo ruinae suo not supreme head, and gave king dolore prostratus quisquis Apostolicis volverit
say, that men may see how runneth out his race reason into the rage com mon talk, such here trust hath done much good. And the king and queen's majestics
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7s5] STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1553–for Treason and Herey. [786
He hath alleged many matters against the beginneth Dr. Martin again enter speech Supremacy, but maliciously. Ye say that the with the abp. ; which Talk thought here like king in realm supreme head the wise not pass, although the report the
church. Well sir, you wiligrant that there
was perfect catholic church before any king
was cloistened. Then were perfect
church, must needs have head, which must uttermost his diligence, leaving out nothing needs before any king was member thereof; that part, that either was could said for you know Constantius the emperor was the more; again the outer part, how raw and first christened king that ever was. And weak leaveth the matter, easy per
though you are bound (as saint Paul saith) obey your rulers, and kings have rule the
- people, yet doth not follow that they have cure souls for fortiori, the head may that the minister cannot do; but the priest may consecrate, and the king cannot, therefore the king not head. was licensed Christ
every man bring into the sheepfold, and
ceive, who neither comprehendeth that Dr. Cranmer again answered for his defence, nor yet those short speeches which expresseth, seeneth discharge the part sincere and faithful reporter. Notwithstanding such
thought good let the reader understand, who perusing the same, may use therein his own judgment and consideration.
auginent the flock, but not rule, for that
was only given Peter. And where the TALK between Dr. Martin and the Archbishop.
apostles call upon men obey their princes, cui tributum, tributum cut vectigal, vectigal they perceiving that men were bent kind
liberty and disobedience, were enforced exhort then obedience and payment their
tribute, which exhortation extendeth only temporal matters. --And again, where you say that the bishop Rome makesh laws contrary
Martin. Master Cranmer, have told here long glorious tale, pretending some matter
conscience appearance, but verity you have conscience all. You say that you have sworn once king Henry the 8th against the Pope's jurisdiction, and therefore you may never forswear the same; and make great matter conscience the breach the said oath. Here will ask you question
same such, the author thereof sceneth his writing very partial for expresseth the specch lor. Martin full, and the
the saws the realin, that not true; for
this maxim the law; Quod particu two. What made oath harlot,
lari excipitur, non facit universale falsum,_
Now touching that monstrous task your
conscience, that conscience that pro
fess; but, privata scientia, electio and Mart. What you did swear nover lend
poor man one penny, ought you keep it? Cran. think not.
Mart. Herod did swear whatsoever his har
secta. And yet for your glorious babble,
you have not proved God's laws that
ought not answer the pope's holiness. -The
Canons which be received all Christendom
coupel you answer, therefore you are bound her John Baptist's head; did well keep
live with her continual adultery, ought you keep it?
Cran. think no.
lot asked him would give her, and gave do. And although this realm late ing his oath
time, through such schismatics you were, hath exiled and banished the canons, yet that
cannot make for you. For you know your self, that par parem, mec pars totum ali
Cran. think not.
Mart. Jephtha, one the judges Israel, did swear unto God, that would give him victory over his enemies, would offer unto
quid statuere potest. Wherefore this isle, be God the first soul that came forth his house; ing indeed but member the whole, could happened that his own daughter came first, not determine against the whole. That not and he slew her save his oath. Did he well?
withstanding the same laws, being put away
parliament, are now received again par Mart. saith St. Ambrose Officiis. Mi
liament, and have full authority now they serabilis necessitas, quae solvitur parricidio,
Had then, and they will now that answer
the pope's holiness; therefore the laws
this realm are bound answer him. Where
fore, my good lord, that this Thomas Cran ought not mer cannot otherwise term him, considering but
have conscience every oath, just, lawful, and advisedly taken.
Cran.
shall nothing prevail with you, nor take any Mart. That not so, for first was unjust,
his disobedience) hath brought for his defence,
So was that oath.
efect. Require bim therefore answer di for tended the taking away another rectly your good lordship command him man's right. was not lawful, for the laws set aside his trifles, and obedient the God and the Church were against Besides, laws and ordinances of this realm. Take wit was not voluntary; for every man and woman ness here his stubborn contempt against the were compelled take
king and queen's majesties, and compel him Cran. pleaseth you say so.
answer directly such articles we shall here Mart. Let Tay against him, and refusal, your good lord you that pretend
ship excommunicate him. break oath.
the world judge. But, sir,
have such conscience pray you, did you never
As soon Dr. Story had thus ended tale, WOL.
swear and break the same -
Cran. think not.
est. miserable necessity, which paid with particide. Then master Cranmer you can less confess the premises but that you
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7s; STATE TRIALS, IMARY, 1553. -Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [78s
Cran. I remember not. the rest your talk, give judgment: Hinc
Mart. I will help your memory. Did you prima mali labes. Of that your execrable per never swear obedience to the See of Rome? jury, and coloured and too shamefully suf
Cran. Indeed I did once swear unto the sered adultery, came heresy and inischief
sa. e. this realm. —And thus have spoken touch Mart. Yea, that you did twice, as appear ing the conscience you make breaking your
eth by records and writings here ready to be heretical oath made the king. But break she wood. your former oath made two sundry times
Cram But I remen,ber I saved pro oth God and his church, you have no con
tes: lon that made the counsel the best lear, could get that time.
Alar'. Hea, ken good people what this man
saith. He inade protestation one day,
ke, 1,ever whit that which would swear
tle next day; was this the part Christian God; play herein the pharis-es did, man Christian man would bargain with which cried always, “Verbum Domini, Verbum
Tulk, and before maketh his bargain so Domini,' word the Lord, the word
his paper that the Lord, when they meant nothing so. This peradven bettereth not your cause, because you have two, that God's word for you; for Basilides and Photi mindeth not perform whatsoever shall nus the heretics said, that they had God's promise the Turk; say, Christian man word maintain their heresy. So Nestorius, should serve Turk this manner, that the Macedonius, Pelagius, and briefly the Christian man were worse than the Turk.
heretics that ever were, pretended that they What would you then say this man that had God's word for them; yea, and the
made solemn oath and promise unto God and devil being the father beresies, alledged his Church, and made protestation before God's word for him, saying, Scriptum est,
lemnly, before witness leadeth
he holdeth secretly ilis hand, ture protesteth before one
science at all. And now answer another
part your oration, wherein you bring God's
word, that you have your side and
man else, and that the pope hath devised new Scripture contrary the Scriptures
quite contrary; written: said he Christ, Mitte sum, Cron. hat which did, did the best Cast thyself downward, which you applied learned men's advice could get that time. most falsly against the pope. But you mark
Ma, protest before the learned men the devil's language well, agreed with your here, that there earning will save your preceedings most truly. For Mutte orsum, perjury herein; for there two rules the Cast thyself downward, said he, and taught civil law clean contrary against you and you cast things downward. Down with brought forth his rules, which being done,
proceeded further. But will you have the truth the matter. King Henry the 8th even then meant the lamentable change which after
the blessed unity Christ's Church, this fulfill the devil's request, Mitte sum. man made aforesaid protestation; and the And therefore tell not that you have God's other side, letted not make two solemn word. For God hath given his word oaths quite contrary, and why? for otherwise mark know that your teaching proceeded
the laws and canons this realm, could not God, but the devil, and that your not aspire the archbishopric Canterbury. doctrine came not Christ, but Antichrist.
Cran. protest before you all, there was For Christ foresaid, there should come against never man came more unwillingly bishop his church, Lupi rapaces, est, ravening
you see came pass; and further his pitiful
proceedings from the divorcement his most
law wife, the detestable departing from ceedings and preachings tended other, but
ric, than did that. Insomuch that when king Henry did send for me post, that
wolves, and Pseudoapostoli, est, false apos tles. But how should we know them Christ
teacheth us, saying Er fructibus corum cognos
should come over, seven weeks would forgetful
prolonged my iourney the least, thinking that
their fruits shall know
me the mean time. Mart. You declare well the way that the
eos, est,
them. Why, what their fruits Saint Paul
declareth Post carnem concupiscentia,
immunditia umbulant potestaten contemnunt,
&c. After the flesh they walk concupis cence and uncleanness; they contemn potes
tates. Again, diebus novissionis erunt peri culosa tempora, erunt seipsos amantes, copidi,
hereby, compact
ture but that there was be *immo &c.
tween you being then queen Anne's chaplain, and the king; give me the archbishopric
king took you man good conscience,
who could not find within realin any man that would set forth his strange attempts, but was enforced send for you post come out Gormany. What may we conjec
latt, igeri parentibus, proditores,
the latter days there shall perilous times.
Then shall there men loving themselves, Canterbury, and will give you licence live covetous, proud, disobedient parents, trea
the sacrament, down with the mass, down with the altars, down with the arms Christ, and with lion and dog, down with the abbeys, down with chauntries, down with hospitals and colleges, down with fasting and prayer, yeadown with that good and godly All your pro
adultery. son-workers.
Cran. You say not true. your gospel, refer me this worshipful Martin. Let your protestation joined with whether the said gospel began not
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780] STATE TRIALS,
MARY, 1553. −for Treason and Heresy. [700
against the pope's jurisdiction, and the autho rity of the see apostolic. —Touching the first,
ye say you have God's word with you, wea and all the doctors. I would here ask but one
question of you; whether God's word be con trary to itself, and whether the doctors teach doctrine contrary to themselves, or no For
Christ was ascended; was he head Christ's Church
Cran. Nero was Peter's head.
Mart. ask whether Nero was head the church were not, false that you said before, that princes be, and ever were heads the church within their realms.
Cran. Nay, true, for Nero was head the Church, that worldly spect
o
with perjury, proceeded with adultery, was
maintained with heresy, and ended in conspi so racy. —Now sir, two points more I marked in
your raging discourse that you made here: the
one against the holy Sacrament; the other was the mightiest prince the earth after
you master Cranmer have taught in this high
Sacrament of the altar three contrary doctrines,
and yet you pretended in every one so the temporal bodies men, whom the
Doriani.
bum
Church consisteth for beheaded Peter
Cran. Nay, I taught but two contrary doc trines in the same.
Mart. What doctrine taught you when you condemned Lambert the sacramentary in the king's presence in Whitehall
Cran. I maintained then the papists doctrine.
Mart. That is to say, the catholic and uni versal doctrine of Christ's Church. And how
when king Henry died ? did you not translate Justus Jonas book 2
Cran. I did so.
and the apostles. And the Turk too head the church Turkey.
Mart. Then there you defended another
doctrine touching the Sacrament, by the same
token, that you sent to Lynne your printer,
that whereas in the first print there was an as
firmative, that is to say, Christ's body really in being too much partially addicted his mother the Sacrament, you sent then to your printer see Rome favour his faction, di to put in a ‘not,’ whereby it came miracu minish and drive down the other side, cither
lously to pass, that Christ's body was clean not shewing all, conveyed out of the Sacrament. wise than was
reporting the thing other
Mart. this always true and was ever
Christ's Church Cran. was so.
-
Mart. Then what say you Nero
Mert. Then he that beheaded the heads of
the Church, and crucified the apostles, was head Christ's Church and that was never member the Church, head the Church, your new found understanding God's word.
not supposed contrary, but much other matter passed this Communication be tween them, especially the archbishop's be half. Whose answers do not think be so slender, nor altogether the same form words framed, the truth, was, might known but pleased the notary thereof,
the common guise
what side their affection most of my said book, but where the same ‘not was weigheth, their oration commonly inclineth. ut in, I cannot tell. - But proceed further the story this
Cran. I remember there were two printers most writers,
Mart. Then from a Lutheran ye became a in atter. - -
Zuinglian, which is the vilest heresy of the high mystery the Sacrament, and for the
followed then (saith this reporter) when the Archbishop thus had answered, and the
same heresy you did help burn Lambert the
sacramentary, which you now call the catholic the Judges not content with his answers, willed
faith, and God's word.
Cran. grant that then believed other
wise than now, and did, until my lord London, Doctor Ridley, did confer with me,
and suudry persuasions and authorities
doctors drew me quite from my opinion. Mart. Now sir, touching the last part
your oration, you denied that the pope's holi
him answer directly the interrogatories, which Interrogatories articulated against him form law, were these under following.
INTERRod Atop objected the Archbishop, with his ANswers annered the same.
Interrog. First was objected, that the
foresaid Thomas Cranmer, being yet free, and
ness was supreme head the Church Christ. before entered into holy orders, married one
standers began murmur against him
Cran. did so. Joan, surnamed Black Brown, dwelling
Mart. Who say you then supreme head? the sign the Dolphin Cambridge. Answ.
Cran. Christ. -
Whereunto answered, that whether she was called Black Brown, knew not, but that married there one Joan, that granted. — That after the death the foresaid wife, he Mart. Ah, why told you not king Henry entered into holy orders, and after that was
this when you made him supreme head? and made archbishop the pope. Answ. He re now body This treason against his ceived (he said) certain bull the pope, own person you then made him. which delivered unto the king, and was made Cran. mean not but every king his archbishop him. –3. Ptem, that being
Mart. But whom hath Christ left here earth his vicar and head of his Church
Cran. Nobody.
own realm and dominion
was supreme head Christ England.
supreme head, and holy orders, married another woman his se
the Church cond wife named Anne, and was twice mar ried. Answ. To this granted,—4. Itein,
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701] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. —Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [792
the time of king Henry the 8th, he kept the thing else protested. Answ. Whereunto said wife secretly, and had children by her. answered, that did nothing but the laws Answ. Hereunto also he granted; affirming the realm. — 14. Item, that the said arch that it was better for him to have his own, than bishop Canterbury did not only offend
to do like other priests, holding and keeping the premises, but also taking upon him
other men's wives. —5. Item, in the time of the authority the see Rome, that, king Edward, he brought out the said wife without leave licence from the said see, openly, affirming and professing publicly the consecrated bishops and priests. Answ. same to be his wife. Answ. He denied not He granted, that did execute such things but he so did, and lawfully might do the same,
forasmuch as the laws of the realm did so per
mit him. —6. Item, that he shamed not openly
to glory himself to have had his wife in secret
many years. Answ. And though he so did (he
said) there was no cause why he should be
ashamed thereof—7. Item, that the said Tho the pope's authority, confessed true. mas Cranmer falling afterward into the deep But that erred the same, that denied. bottom of errors, did and refuse the autho —16. Itein, that and singular the premises rity the Church, did hold and follow the true. Answ. That likewise granted, ex heresy concerning the Sacrament the altar, cepting those things whereunto had now
and also did compile, and caused set answered.
abroad divers books. Answ. Whereunto when After had thus answered the Objections
the names of the books were recited him, he aforesaid, and the public notary had entered denied not such books which he was the author the same, the Judges and Commissioners,
of. As touching the treatise Peter Martyr having now accomplished that wherefore they upon the Sacrament, denied that ever came, were about rise and depart. But saw before was abroad, yet did approve the bishop Gloucester thinking not the and well like of the same. As for the Cate best dismiss the people, being somewhat chism, the book Articles, with the other stirred with the words the Archbishop, began book against Winchester, granted the same Oration the hearing the people, thus
this Eramination against Dr. Cranmer, Archbishop Canterbury.
“MASTER Cranmer, cannot otherwise term
the Sacrament, but that was convicted
the same, that denied. —11. Item, when he
persevered still the same, was the and my o: turned into perdition. Who
public censure the university pronounced can save
th
an heretic, and his books
Perditio me satratio
were wont referred the pope, what time was perinitted him the public laws and determination the realm. —15. Itein, that when the whole realm had subscribed
the authority the pope, only still persisted his error. Answ. That he did not admit
his doings. -8. Item, that compelled
many against their wills subscribe the The ORATIon Bishop Brooks, closing
same Articles. Answ. He exhorted (he said)
such were
their wills
somuch
willing subscribe; but against compelled none. —9. Item, for
surceased not
perpetuate
enormous and inordinate crimes, he was there you, considering your obstinacy, am right
fore cast into the Tower, and from thence was sorry, am right heartily sorry hear such
brought Oxford, what time was com words escape your mouth unadvisedly.
monly thought that the parliament there should had conceived right good hope your amend
be holden. Answ. To this said, that ment. supposed that this obstinacy your's
knew no such enormous and inordinate crimes came not vain glory, but rather cor that ever committed. —10. Item, that the rupt conscience, which was the occasion that said city Oxford did openly maintain his hoped well your return. But now per heresy, and there was convicted upon the same. ceive your foolish babble, that far other Answ. defended (he said) there the cause
tua super Israel; tantummodo
tua, Dominus per Prophetam,
dition only upon thyself, Israel; only me thy salvation, saith the Lord his pro phet. You have uttered erroneous talk,
from the catholic church and the see Rome, with such open malice against the pope's holi but also moved the king and subjects this ness, with such open lying against the Church realm the same. Alusic. As touching the Rome, with such open blasphemy against receding, that well granted; but that reced the Sacrament the altar, that mouth ing departing, said he, was only from the sce could have expressed more maliciously, more
Rome, and had matter any schism. lyingly, more
Answ. That not; but that heretical, that
was denounced, was an heretic,
denied his books
Thy per
denied. —12. Item, that was and notoriously infamed with the note schism, who not only himself receded
reason with — 13. Item, that had been twice sworn you, although would myself satisfy this
the pope; and withal Dr. Martin brought audience, yet may not our commission, out the instrument the public notary, wherein neither can find how may with the was contained his protestation made when Scriptures: For the apostle doth command should consecrated, asking had any that such one should not only not talked
to declaim:
wise. Ye are puffed with vain glory, there such cauteria heresy crept into your conscience, that am clean void hope,
at will be lost God would have
heretical. you saved, and you refuse
so. ".
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793] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. —for Treason and Heresy. [794
withal, but also shunned and avoided, saying; the bishop Rome, confess and deny
Harcticum hominem post unum aut alterum, not, and therefore say with the rest this conventum, devita, sciens quod huiusmodi per realm, good and catholic men, the saying versus delinquit, quum proprio judicio the prophet; Peccavimus cum patribus nostris, condemnatus, An heretical person after once injuste egimus, iniquitatem fecimus, We
twice conferring, shun, knowing that have sinned with our fathers, we have done un perverse and sinneth, being his own judg justly and wickedly. Delicta juventutis meat, ment condemned. Ye have been conferred ignorantias meas memineris Domine, withal not once twice, but oftentimes, The sins my youth, and my ignorances,
have oft been lovingly admonished, have Lord not remember. was then young been oft secretly disputed with. And the last man, and young scholar here the uni year the open school, open disputations, versity. —I knew not then what oath did
have been openly convict, have been mean, and yet say the truth, did com openly driven out the school with hisses: pulsed, compulsed say you master Cran your book which brag you made seven years mer, and here were you the author and cause ago, and man answered Marcus Anto Iny perjury, you are blamed herein, nius hath sufficiently detected and confuted, and not Now where you say made two and yet persist still your wonted heresy. — oaths, the one contrary the other, not Wherefore being oft admonished, conferred so, for the oath made the pope's holiness withal, and convicted, deny you the appertaineth only spiritual things: The man whom the apostle moteth, hear then what other oath made the king, pertaineth only
Drigen saith, who wrote above 1300 years ago, and interpreteth the saying the apostle this way, Apologia Pamphili. Hareticus omnis ille habendus, qui Christo cred, pro fitetur, aliter Christi veritate sent quam
your faith, but what end pray you else, men called him, they answered; Some Elias, but cloak that inward heresy rooted you, some prophet, &c. But Christ replied unto that you might blind the poor, simple, and Peter, and said, Whom savest thou Peter that unlearned peoples' eyes? For what will they am Peter answered Tues Christus, filius say think, they not thus say Good Dei and Christ replied, Tu Petrus, super
Lord, what mean these men say that heretic, they are deceived, this
good Christian, believeth we believe. — But this sufficient escape the name
hanc Petram dificabo. Ecclesiam meam. The doctor's interpreting this place, super hanc Pe tram, expounded est, non soum super dum Petri, sed super ł'etre. And why did Christ change his name from Simon Peter, which Latin stone, but only declare that was only the foundation and head
an heretic To the simple and unlearned
sufficient, but for you that have professed
greater knowledge and higher doctrine, not
enough recite your belief. For unless, the church. -Again, where Christ demanded Origen saith, believe things that the Peter, being amongst the rest his apos Church hath decreed besides, you are Chris tles, three times new, Petre, amas me? gave
temporal things; that say, that
acknowledge all my temporal livings pro
ceed only from the king, and from none else. But men may say, you agree this,
agree the rest your opinions. —Now sir, concerning the supremacy which only duc the see Rome, word two. Al though there number places which confirm that Christ appointed Peter head
the church, yet this most evident place.
habet Ecclesiastica traditio. Even now
professed kind Christianity and holiness
unto us, for your beginning you fell down
upon your knees, and said the Lord's Prayer
(God wot like hypocrite) and then stand
ing upon your feet, you rehearsed the articles When Christ demanded his apostles whom
the which because you halt, him charge over his sheep, Pasce oves meas, conformity from hence pasce agnos meos. Which place Chrysostom
tian man.
and will come
forth are
whom we ought neither dispute, neither praepositus caput fratrum tuorum. To con reason, whom we ought rather cschew and clude, when they came that required didrach avoid.
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781]
STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1553–for Treason and Heresy. 782
perjury: also books of heresy, made partly nire, and the law the realm expelled, by him, partly set forth by authority. and the king standeth accursed maintaining And here produce him party principal, his own laws. Therefore consideration that answer your good lordship. the king and queen take their power him,
Thus when Dr. Martin had ended his Ora though God should give them there no tion, the Archbishop beginneth, here fol true subject, unless abrogate, seeing the
loweth -
Cranmer. Shall then make my Answer Martin. you think good, man shall
let you. -
And here the archbishop kneeling down
crown holden him being out the realm. —The bishop Rome contrary God, and
injurious his laws; for God commanded
men diligent the knowledge his
law; and therefore hath appointed one holy both knees towards the west, said first the day the week the least, for the people
Lord's Prayer. Then rising the Articles the Creed.
entereth with his protestation loweth
reciteth come the church and hear the word God
The FAITH and PRofession mer, Archbishop Commissioners.
Which done, form
expounded unto them, and that they might the fol better understand hear their mother tongue which they know. The pope doth con
Doctor Cran trary; for willeth the service had Canterbury, before the the Latin tongue, which they not understand.
God would have perceived the pope will not. When the priest giveth thanks, God
would that the people should too, and God will them confess altogether; the pope will not. —Now concerning the Sacra ment, have taught false doctrine the sacrament the altar: for can proved
any doctor above thousaud years after Martin. Mark master Cranmer how you Christ, that Christ's body there really, will answer for yourself. You refuse and deny him, give over. My book was made seven years
whose laws yet remain life, being ago, and man hath brought any authors otherwise attainted high treason, and but against believe that whoso eateth and dead man the laws this realm. drinketh that sacrament, Christ within them,
Cran. protest before God was trai whole Christ, his nativity, passion, resurrection tor, but indeed confessed more my arraign and ascension; but not that corporally that
profess touching my faith, and make my Protestation, which
desire you note. will never consent that the bishop Rome shall have any jurisdiction within this realm.
CRANMER. This
Story. Take note thereof.
ment than was true.
Martin. That not be reasoned this
present. Ye know were condemned traitor, and Res judicata pro veritate accipitur.
But proceed your matter.
Cran. will never consent the bishop
Rome, for then should give myself the devil; for have made oath the king, and
must obey the king God's laws. By the Scripture the king chief, and foreign per son his own realin above him. There no subject but king. am subject, owe
sitteth heaven. Now Christ commanded all
drink the cup the pope taketh away from the lay men, also yet one saith, that
Christ had died for the devil, that drink thereof. Christ biddeth
king, etiam discolo. The bishop
deth obey him therefore unless be Antichrist, cannot tell what make him. Wherefore should obey him, cannot obey Christ. He like the devil his doings; for the devil said Christ, thou wilt fall down and worship me, will give thee the king doins the world. Thus took upon him give that which was not his own. Even the bishop Rome giveth princes their crowns,
being none his own; for where princes either election, either succession, either in
heritance obtain their crown, saith that they should have from him. —Christ saith, that Antichrist shall be. And who shall he be? Forsooth he that advanceth himself above all other creatures. Now there he none alrea
my fidelity the crown. The pope the crown. cannot obey both
can serve two masters once,
beginning your oration declared and the keys, attributing the keys
and the sword the king. But hath both. Therefore that Rome, and the laws Rome,
contrary for man you the
the sword
the pope, say the king
subject perjured
for the pope's and the judge's laws are contrary,
they are uncertain and confounded. priest
indebted the laws the realm, shall sued
before temporal judge; the pope's laws besides the pope, then -in the mean time let contrary. The pope doth the king injury, him be Antichrist.
that hath his power from the pope. The Story. Pleaseth you make end king head his own realm but the pope Cran. For will the vicar Christ,
claimeth bishops, priests, curates, &c.
the pope every realm hath realm. —Again,
by the laws Rome the benefice must given the bishop the laws the realm,
will dispense with the Old and New Testa ment also, yea and with apostasy. —Now have
declared why cannot with my conscience obey
the pope. speak not this for hatred bear the patron giveth the benefice. Herein the him that now supplieth the room, for know
laws contrary fire and water. No man him not. pray God give him grace not ean the laws Rome proceed Praemu follow ancestors. Neither say this my
that hath advanced himself after such sort
should obey the Rome bid
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785) STATE TRIALS, 1 MARY, 1553–Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [7s,
defence, but to declare my conscience for the argued length. So the last both the zeal that I bear to God's word trodden under Universities agreed, and set their seals, and
foot by the bishop of Rome. I cast fear apart, sent king Henry 8th the court, that for Christ said to his Apostles, that in the lat ought supreme head, and not the pope.
ter days they should suffer much sorrow, and be put to death name's sake: fear them not, saith he, but fear him which when hath killed the body, hath power cast the soul into fire everlasting. Also Christ saith, that he that will live shall die, and that loseth his life for my name's sake, shall find again. Moreover said, confess me before men, and
uot afraid; for you so, will stand with you you shoink from me, will shrink from you. This comfortable and terrible say ing, this maketh me set fear apart.
say therefore the bishop Rome treadeth un der foot God's laws and the king's. --The pope would give bishoprics; would the king. But
the last the king got the upper hand, and
are bishops perjured first the pope, and
then the king. —The crown hath nothing
Whereupon you were then doctor divinity that time, and your consent was there unto,
your hand doth appear. Therefore you misreport me, that was the cause your falling away from the pope, but was your self. All this was bishop Warrham's time, and whilst was alive, that was three quarters year after ere ever had the bi shoprick Canterbury my hands, and be fore might any thing. that here have reported me that which cannot prove, which evil done. —All this while his cap was his head.
Glocest. We come examine you, and you, methink, examine us.
Dr. Story's oratios.
Pleaseth your good lordship, be hath pleased the king and queen’s
judge, the judge shall make process against majesties
him, but not execute any laws. For the hear the examination this man before your
judge should put him execution, then the good lordship, give me leave somewhat king accursed maintaining his own laws. talk that behalf. Although know that
do with the clergy. For clerk come before cause
appoint my companion and me
Srony.
And therefore say that neither true God, neither the king, that first received the pope. But shall heartily pray for such coun sellors, may inform her the truth; for the
talk with heretics there cometh hurt men; for wearieth the stedfast, troubleth the doubt ful, and taketh snare the weak and simple: yet because saith, not bound an swer your lordship sitting for the pope's holi ness, because Premunire, and the word
king and queen, do well.
Martin.
maintain the supremacy Rome, they cannot
maintain England too.
Cran. require you declare the king
they well informed, will
you understand, then they God termeth it; think good somewhat
and queen what have said, and how their
oaths stand with the realm and the pope. will glad hear your most charitable
Gregory saith, that taketh upon him
be head the universal church, worse than the Antichrist. any man can shew me, that not against God's word hold his stirrup when taketh his horse, and kiss his
dealing with him; will they weary
hear the blundering this stubborn heretic. And where alledgeth divinity, mingling fas
néfasque together, should not have been heard. For shall be sufficient for him alledge, the judge not competent Do we not see that the common law not lawful
feet (as kings do) then will kiss his feet also.
—And you for your part, my lord, are perjured;
for now judge the pope, and yet you for man Westminster ball refuse his
did receive your bishoprick the king. You judge: And shall we dispute contra eun gui
the negal principia Although there here the great company learned men, that know
unmeet do, yet have here plain canon,
Henry 8th, that ought and this you contraire decretis, nec locum deinceps inter made me to do. Sacerdotes habeat, sed exors sancto fiat mini Cranmer. To this answer, said he; you sterio, nec ejus judicio quisquam posthac
report me ill, and say not the truth, and will curam habeat, quin jam damnatus sancta prove here before you all. The truth Apostolica Ecclesia sua inobedientia præ that my predecessor, bishop Warrham, gave sumptione quoquam esse non dubitetur. the supremacy king Henry 8th, and said Quin majoris excommunicationis dejectione est
that ought have before the bishop abjiciendus, cui sanctae Ecclesiae commissa Rome, and that God's word would bear him. fuerit disciplina, qui non solum jussionibus And upon the same was there sent both the prolatae sanctæ Ecclesiae parere debuit, sed Universities Oxford and Cambridge, know etiam aliis preterirent insinuare. Sitgue
what the word God would touching the alients divinis pontificalibus officiis qui supremacy, and was reasoned upon, and noluerit praeceptis Apostolicis obtemperate. '
have taken oath adversary realm; for the pope's laws are contrary laws of the realm.
Glocester. You were the cause that
did wherein declareth himself convicted
ipso forsake the pope, and did swear that ought facto. The canon this “Sit ergo ruinae suo not supreme head, and gave king dolore prostratus quisquis Apostolicis volverit
say, that men may see how runneth out his race reason into the rage com mon talk, such here trust hath done much good. And the king and queen's majestics
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7s5] STATE TRIALs, 1 Mary, 1553–for Treason and Herey. [786
He hath alleged many matters against the beginneth Dr. Martin again enter speech Supremacy, but maliciously. Ye say that the with the abp. ; which Talk thought here like king in realm supreme head the wise not pass, although the report the
church. Well sir, you wiligrant that there
was perfect catholic church before any king
was cloistened. Then were perfect
church, must needs have head, which must uttermost his diligence, leaving out nothing needs before any king was member thereof; that part, that either was could said for you know Constantius the emperor was the more; again the outer part, how raw and first christened king that ever was. And weak leaveth the matter, easy per
though you are bound (as saint Paul saith) obey your rulers, and kings have rule the
- people, yet doth not follow that they have cure souls for fortiori, the head may that the minister cannot do; but the priest may consecrate, and the king cannot, therefore the king not head. was licensed Christ
every man bring into the sheepfold, and
ceive, who neither comprehendeth that Dr. Cranmer again answered for his defence, nor yet those short speeches which expresseth, seeneth discharge the part sincere and faithful reporter. Notwithstanding such
thought good let the reader understand, who perusing the same, may use therein his own judgment and consideration.
auginent the flock, but not rule, for that
was only given Peter. And where the TALK between Dr. Martin and the Archbishop.
apostles call upon men obey their princes, cui tributum, tributum cut vectigal, vectigal they perceiving that men were bent kind
liberty and disobedience, were enforced exhort then obedience and payment their
tribute, which exhortation extendeth only temporal matters. --And again, where you say that the bishop Rome makesh laws contrary
Martin. Master Cranmer, have told here long glorious tale, pretending some matter
conscience appearance, but verity you have conscience all. You say that you have sworn once king Henry the 8th against the Pope's jurisdiction, and therefore you may never forswear the same; and make great matter conscience the breach the said oath. Here will ask you question
same such, the author thereof sceneth his writing very partial for expresseth the specch lor. Martin full, and the
the saws the realin, that not true; for
this maxim the law; Quod particu two. What made oath harlot,
lari excipitur, non facit universale falsum,_
Now touching that monstrous task your
conscience, that conscience that pro
fess; but, privata scientia, electio and Mart. What you did swear nover lend
poor man one penny, ought you keep it? Cran. think not.
Mart. Herod did swear whatsoever his har
secta. And yet for your glorious babble,
you have not proved God's laws that
ought not answer the pope's holiness. -The
Canons which be received all Christendom
coupel you answer, therefore you are bound her John Baptist's head; did well keep
live with her continual adultery, ought you keep it?
Cran. think no.
lot asked him would give her, and gave do. And although this realm late ing his oath
time, through such schismatics you were, hath exiled and banished the canons, yet that
cannot make for you. For you know your self, that par parem, mec pars totum ali
Cran. think not.
Mart. Jephtha, one the judges Israel, did swear unto God, that would give him victory over his enemies, would offer unto
quid statuere potest. Wherefore this isle, be God the first soul that came forth his house; ing indeed but member the whole, could happened that his own daughter came first, not determine against the whole. That not and he slew her save his oath. Did he well?
withstanding the same laws, being put away
parliament, are now received again par Mart. saith St. Ambrose Officiis. Mi
liament, and have full authority now they serabilis necessitas, quae solvitur parricidio,
Had then, and they will now that answer
the pope's holiness; therefore the laws
this realm are bound answer him. Where
fore, my good lord, that this Thomas Cran ought not mer cannot otherwise term him, considering but
have conscience every oath, just, lawful, and advisedly taken.
Cran.
shall nothing prevail with you, nor take any Mart. That not so, for first was unjust,
his disobedience) hath brought for his defence,
So was that oath.
efect. Require bim therefore answer di for tended the taking away another rectly your good lordship command him man's right. was not lawful, for the laws set aside his trifles, and obedient the God and the Church were against Besides, laws and ordinances of this realm. Take wit was not voluntary; for every man and woman ness here his stubborn contempt against the were compelled take
king and queen's majesties, and compel him Cran. pleaseth you say so.
answer directly such articles we shall here Mart. Let Tay against him, and refusal, your good lord you that pretend
ship excommunicate him. break oath.
the world judge. But, sir,
have such conscience pray you, did you never
As soon Dr. Story had thus ended tale, WOL.
swear and break the same -
Cran. think not.
est. miserable necessity, which paid with particide. Then master Cranmer you can less confess the premises but that you
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7s; STATE TRIALS, IMARY, 1553. -Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [78s
Cran. I remember not. the rest your talk, give judgment: Hinc
Mart. I will help your memory. Did you prima mali labes. Of that your execrable per never swear obedience to the See of Rome? jury, and coloured and too shamefully suf
Cran. Indeed I did once swear unto the sered adultery, came heresy and inischief
sa. e. this realm. —And thus have spoken touch Mart. Yea, that you did twice, as appear ing the conscience you make breaking your
eth by records and writings here ready to be heretical oath made the king. But break she wood. your former oath made two sundry times
Cram But I remen,ber I saved pro oth God and his church, you have no con
tes: lon that made the counsel the best lear, could get that time.
Alar'. Hea, ken good people what this man
saith. He inade protestation one day,
ke, 1,ever whit that which would swear
tle next day; was this the part Christian God; play herein the pharis-es did, man Christian man would bargain with which cried always, “Verbum Domini, Verbum
Tulk, and before maketh his bargain so Domini,' word the Lord, the word
his paper that the Lord, when they meant nothing so. This peradven bettereth not your cause, because you have two, that God's word for you; for Basilides and Photi mindeth not perform whatsoever shall nus the heretics said, that they had God's promise the Turk; say, Christian man word maintain their heresy. So Nestorius, should serve Turk this manner, that the Macedonius, Pelagius, and briefly the Christian man were worse than the Turk.
heretics that ever were, pretended that they What would you then say this man that had God's word for them; yea, and the
made solemn oath and promise unto God and devil being the father beresies, alledged his Church, and made protestation before God's word for him, saying, Scriptum est,
lemnly, before witness leadeth
he holdeth secretly ilis hand, ture protesteth before one
science at all. And now answer another
part your oration, wherein you bring God's
word, that you have your side and
man else, and that the pope hath devised new Scripture contrary the Scriptures
quite contrary; written: said he Christ, Mitte sum, Cron. hat which did, did the best Cast thyself downward, which you applied learned men's advice could get that time. most falsly against the pope. But you mark
Ma, protest before the learned men the devil's language well, agreed with your here, that there earning will save your preceedings most truly. For Mutte orsum, perjury herein; for there two rules the Cast thyself downward, said he, and taught civil law clean contrary against you and you cast things downward. Down with brought forth his rules, which being done,
proceeded further. But will you have the truth the matter. King Henry the 8th even then meant the lamentable change which after
the blessed unity Christ's Church, this fulfill the devil's request, Mitte sum. man made aforesaid protestation; and the And therefore tell not that you have God's other side, letted not make two solemn word. For God hath given his word oaths quite contrary, and why? for otherwise mark know that your teaching proceeded
the laws and canons this realm, could not God, but the devil, and that your not aspire the archbishopric Canterbury. doctrine came not Christ, but Antichrist.
Cran. protest before you all, there was For Christ foresaid, there should come against never man came more unwillingly bishop his church, Lupi rapaces, est, ravening
you see came pass; and further his pitiful
proceedings from the divorcement his most
law wife, the detestable departing from ceedings and preachings tended other, but
ric, than did that. Insomuch that when king Henry did send for me post, that
wolves, and Pseudoapostoli, est, false apos tles. But how should we know them Christ
teacheth us, saying Er fructibus corum cognos
should come over, seven weeks would forgetful
prolonged my iourney the least, thinking that
their fruits shall know
me the mean time. Mart. You declare well the way that the
eos, est,
them. Why, what their fruits Saint Paul
declareth Post carnem concupiscentia,
immunditia umbulant potestaten contemnunt,
&c. After the flesh they walk concupis cence and uncleanness; they contemn potes
tates. Again, diebus novissionis erunt peri culosa tempora, erunt seipsos amantes, copidi,
hereby, compact
ture but that there was be *immo &c.
tween you being then queen Anne's chaplain, and the king; give me the archbishopric
king took you man good conscience,
who could not find within realin any man that would set forth his strange attempts, but was enforced send for you post come out Gormany. What may we conjec
latt, igeri parentibus, proditores,
the latter days there shall perilous times.
Then shall there men loving themselves, Canterbury, and will give you licence live covetous, proud, disobedient parents, trea
the sacrament, down with the mass, down with the altars, down with the arms Christ, and with lion and dog, down with the abbeys, down with chauntries, down with hospitals and colleges, down with fasting and prayer, yeadown with that good and godly All your pro
adultery. son-workers.
Cran. You say not true. your gospel, refer me this worshipful Martin. Let your protestation joined with whether the said gospel began not
Whether these not the fruits
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780] STATE TRIALS,
MARY, 1553. −for Treason and Heresy. [700
against the pope's jurisdiction, and the autho rity of the see apostolic. —Touching the first,
ye say you have God's word with you, wea and all the doctors. I would here ask but one
question of you; whether God's word be con trary to itself, and whether the doctors teach doctrine contrary to themselves, or no For
Christ was ascended; was he head Christ's Church
Cran. Nero was Peter's head.
Mart. ask whether Nero was head the church were not, false that you said before, that princes be, and ever were heads the church within their realms.
Cran. Nay, true, for Nero was head the Church, that worldly spect
o
with perjury, proceeded with adultery, was
maintained with heresy, and ended in conspi so racy. —Now sir, two points more I marked in
your raging discourse that you made here: the
one against the holy Sacrament; the other was the mightiest prince the earth after
you master Cranmer have taught in this high
Sacrament of the altar three contrary doctrines,
and yet you pretended in every one so the temporal bodies men, whom the
Doriani.
bum
Church consisteth for beheaded Peter
Cran. Nay, I taught but two contrary doc trines in the same.
Mart. What doctrine taught you when you condemned Lambert the sacramentary in the king's presence in Whitehall
Cran. I maintained then the papists doctrine.
Mart. That is to say, the catholic and uni versal doctrine of Christ's Church. And how
when king Henry died ? did you not translate Justus Jonas book 2
Cran. I did so.
and the apostles. And the Turk too head the church Turkey.
Mart. Then there you defended another
doctrine touching the Sacrament, by the same
token, that you sent to Lynne your printer,
that whereas in the first print there was an as
firmative, that is to say, Christ's body really in being too much partially addicted his mother the Sacrament, you sent then to your printer see Rome favour his faction, di to put in a ‘not,’ whereby it came miracu minish and drive down the other side, cither
lously to pass, that Christ's body was clean not shewing all, conveyed out of the Sacrament. wise than was
reporting the thing other
Mart. this always true and was ever
Christ's Church Cran. was so.
-
Mart. Then what say you Nero
Mert. Then he that beheaded the heads of
the Church, and crucified the apostles, was head Christ's Church and that was never member the Church, head the Church, your new found understanding God's word.
not supposed contrary, but much other matter passed this Communication be tween them, especially the archbishop's be half. Whose answers do not think be so slender, nor altogether the same form words framed, the truth, was, might known but pleased the notary thereof,
the common guise
what side their affection most of my said book, but where the same ‘not was weigheth, their oration commonly inclineth. ut in, I cannot tell. - But proceed further the story this
Cran. I remember there were two printers most writers,
Mart. Then from a Lutheran ye became a in atter. - -
Zuinglian, which is the vilest heresy of the high mystery the Sacrament, and for the
followed then (saith this reporter) when the Archbishop thus had answered, and the
same heresy you did help burn Lambert the
sacramentary, which you now call the catholic the Judges not content with his answers, willed
faith, and God's word.
Cran. grant that then believed other
wise than now, and did, until my lord London, Doctor Ridley, did confer with me,
and suudry persuasions and authorities
doctors drew me quite from my opinion. Mart. Now sir, touching the last part
your oration, you denied that the pope's holi
him answer directly the interrogatories, which Interrogatories articulated against him form law, were these under following.
INTERRod Atop objected the Archbishop, with his ANswers annered the same.
Interrog. First was objected, that the
foresaid Thomas Cranmer, being yet free, and
ness was supreme head the Church Christ. before entered into holy orders, married one
standers began murmur against him
Cran. did so. Joan, surnamed Black Brown, dwelling
Mart. Who say you then supreme head? the sign the Dolphin Cambridge. Answ.
Cran. Christ. -
Whereunto answered, that whether she was called Black Brown, knew not, but that married there one Joan, that granted. — That after the death the foresaid wife, he Mart. Ah, why told you not king Henry entered into holy orders, and after that was
this when you made him supreme head? and made archbishop the pope. Answ. He re now body This treason against his ceived (he said) certain bull the pope, own person you then made him. which delivered unto the king, and was made Cran. mean not but every king his archbishop him. –3. Ptem, that being
Mart. But whom hath Christ left here earth his vicar and head of his Church
Cran. Nobody.
own realm and dominion
was supreme head Christ England.
supreme head, and holy orders, married another woman his se
the Church cond wife named Anne, and was twice mar ried. Answ. To this granted,—4. Itein,
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701] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. —Proceedings against Archbishop Cranmer, [792
the time of king Henry the 8th, he kept the thing else protested. Answ. Whereunto said wife secretly, and had children by her. answered, that did nothing but the laws Answ. Hereunto also he granted; affirming the realm. — 14. Item, that the said arch that it was better for him to have his own, than bishop Canterbury did not only offend
to do like other priests, holding and keeping the premises, but also taking upon him
other men's wives. —5. Item, in the time of the authority the see Rome, that, king Edward, he brought out the said wife without leave licence from the said see, openly, affirming and professing publicly the consecrated bishops and priests. Answ. same to be his wife. Answ. He denied not He granted, that did execute such things but he so did, and lawfully might do the same,
forasmuch as the laws of the realm did so per
mit him. —6. Item, that he shamed not openly
to glory himself to have had his wife in secret
many years. Answ. And though he so did (he
said) there was no cause why he should be
ashamed thereof—7. Item, that the said Tho the pope's authority, confessed true. mas Cranmer falling afterward into the deep But that erred the same, that denied. bottom of errors, did and refuse the autho —16. Itein, that and singular the premises rity the Church, did hold and follow the true. Answ. That likewise granted, ex heresy concerning the Sacrament the altar, cepting those things whereunto had now
and also did compile, and caused set answered.
abroad divers books. Answ. Whereunto when After had thus answered the Objections
the names of the books were recited him, he aforesaid, and the public notary had entered denied not such books which he was the author the same, the Judges and Commissioners,
of. As touching the treatise Peter Martyr having now accomplished that wherefore they upon the Sacrament, denied that ever came, were about rise and depart. But saw before was abroad, yet did approve the bishop Gloucester thinking not the and well like of the same. As for the Cate best dismiss the people, being somewhat chism, the book Articles, with the other stirred with the words the Archbishop, began book against Winchester, granted the same Oration the hearing the people, thus
this Eramination against Dr. Cranmer, Archbishop Canterbury.
“MASTER Cranmer, cannot otherwise term
the Sacrament, but that was convicted
the same, that denied. —11. Item, when he
persevered still the same, was the and my o: turned into perdition. Who
public censure the university pronounced can save
th
an heretic, and his books
Perditio me satratio
were wont referred the pope, what time was perinitted him the public laws and determination the realm. —15. Itein, that when the whole realm had subscribed
the authority the pope, only still persisted his error. Answ. That he did not admit
his doings. -8. Item, that compelled
many against their wills subscribe the The ORATIon Bishop Brooks, closing
same Articles. Answ. He exhorted (he said)
such were
their wills
somuch
willing subscribe; but against compelled none. —9. Item, for
surceased not
perpetuate
enormous and inordinate crimes, he was there you, considering your obstinacy, am right
fore cast into the Tower, and from thence was sorry, am right heartily sorry hear such
brought Oxford, what time was com words escape your mouth unadvisedly.
monly thought that the parliament there should had conceived right good hope your amend
be holden. Answ. To this said, that ment. supposed that this obstinacy your's
knew no such enormous and inordinate crimes came not vain glory, but rather cor that ever committed. —10. Item, that the rupt conscience, which was the occasion that said city Oxford did openly maintain his hoped well your return. But now per heresy, and there was convicted upon the same. ceive your foolish babble, that far other Answ. defended (he said) there the cause
tua super Israel; tantummodo
tua, Dominus per Prophetam,
dition only upon thyself, Israel; only me thy salvation, saith the Lord his pro phet. You have uttered erroneous talk,
from the catholic church and the see Rome, with such open malice against the pope's holi but also moved the king and subjects this ness, with such open lying against the Church realm the same. Alusic. As touching the Rome, with such open blasphemy against receding, that well granted; but that reced the Sacrament the altar, that mouth ing departing, said he, was only from the sce could have expressed more maliciously, more
Rome, and had matter any schism. lyingly, more
Answ. That not; but that heretical, that
was denounced, was an heretic,
denied his books
Thy per
denied. —12. Item, that was and notoriously infamed with the note schism, who not only himself receded
reason with — 13. Item, that had been twice sworn you, although would myself satisfy this
the pope; and withal Dr. Martin brought audience, yet may not our commission, out the instrument the public notary, wherein neither can find how may with the was contained his protestation made when Scriptures: For the apostle doth command should consecrated, asking had any that such one should not only not talked
to declaim:
wise. Ye are puffed with vain glory, there such cauteria heresy crept into your conscience, that am clean void hope,
at will be lost God would have
heretical. you saved, and you refuse
so. ".
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793] STATE TRIALS, 1 Mary, 1553. —for Treason and Heresy. [794
withal, but also shunned and avoided, saying; the bishop Rome, confess and deny
Harcticum hominem post unum aut alterum, not, and therefore say with the rest this conventum, devita, sciens quod huiusmodi per realm, good and catholic men, the saying versus delinquit, quum proprio judicio the prophet; Peccavimus cum patribus nostris, condemnatus, An heretical person after once injuste egimus, iniquitatem fecimus, We
twice conferring, shun, knowing that have sinned with our fathers, we have done un perverse and sinneth, being his own judg justly and wickedly. Delicta juventutis meat, ment condemned. Ye have been conferred ignorantias meas memineris Domine, withal not once twice, but oftentimes, The sins my youth, and my ignorances,
have oft been lovingly admonished, have Lord not remember. was then young been oft secretly disputed with. And the last man, and young scholar here the uni year the open school, open disputations, versity. —I knew not then what oath did
have been openly convict, have been mean, and yet say the truth, did com openly driven out the school with hisses: pulsed, compulsed say you master Cran your book which brag you made seven years mer, and here were you the author and cause ago, and man answered Marcus Anto Iny perjury, you are blamed herein, nius hath sufficiently detected and confuted, and not Now where you say made two and yet persist still your wonted heresy. — oaths, the one contrary the other, not Wherefore being oft admonished, conferred so, for the oath made the pope's holiness withal, and convicted, deny you the appertaineth only spiritual things: The man whom the apostle moteth, hear then what other oath made the king, pertaineth only
Drigen saith, who wrote above 1300 years ago, and interpreteth the saying the apostle this way, Apologia Pamphili. Hareticus omnis ille habendus, qui Christo cred, pro fitetur, aliter Christi veritate sent quam
your faith, but what end pray you else, men called him, they answered; Some Elias, but cloak that inward heresy rooted you, some prophet, &c. But Christ replied unto that you might blind the poor, simple, and Peter, and said, Whom savest thou Peter that unlearned peoples' eyes? For what will they am Peter answered Tues Christus, filius say think, they not thus say Good Dei and Christ replied, Tu Petrus, super
Lord, what mean these men say that heretic, they are deceived, this
good Christian, believeth we believe. — But this sufficient escape the name
hanc Petram dificabo. Ecclesiam meam. The doctor's interpreting this place, super hanc Pe tram, expounded est, non soum super dum Petri, sed super ł'etre. And why did Christ change his name from Simon Peter, which Latin stone, but only declare that was only the foundation and head
an heretic To the simple and unlearned
sufficient, but for you that have professed
greater knowledge and higher doctrine, not
enough recite your belief. For unless, the church. -Again, where Christ demanded Origen saith, believe things that the Peter, being amongst the rest his apos Church hath decreed besides, you are Chris tles, three times new, Petre, amas me? gave
temporal things; that say, that
acknowledge all my temporal livings pro
ceed only from the king, and from none else. But men may say, you agree this,
agree the rest your opinions. —Now sir, concerning the supremacy which only duc the see Rome, word two. Al though there number places which confirm that Christ appointed Peter head
the church, yet this most evident place.
habet Ecclesiastica traditio. Even now
professed kind Christianity and holiness
unto us, for your beginning you fell down
upon your knees, and said the Lord's Prayer
(God wot like hypocrite) and then stand
ing upon your feet, you rehearsed the articles When Christ demanded his apostles whom
the which because you halt, him charge over his sheep, Pasce oves meas, conformity from hence pasce agnos meos. Which place Chrysostom
tian man.
and will come
forth are
whom we ought neither dispute, neither praepositus caput fratrum tuorum. To con reason, whom we ought rather cschew and clude, when they came that required didrach avoid.
