There was nothing exciting about these lists; they simply had their place and took their course as a public expres- sion of
Imperial
benevolence.
Musil - Man Without Qualities - v1
All this achievement takes is that something imponderable be added, which they call "suspicion.
"
All at once, Ulrich realized that it would take the coolest wit he could muster to extricate himself from the fix his feolishness had got him into. The questioning continued. He tried to imagine their reac- tion if he were to answer that his address was that of a stranger. Or if he replied, in answer to the question why he had done what he had done, that he always did something other than what he was really interested in doing? But outWardly he gave the proper answers as to street and house number, and tried to make up an acceptable version of his conduct. The feebleness of ~is mind's inward authority vis-a- vis the police sergeant's outward authority was acutely embarrassing; nevertheless, he finally glimpsed a chance of saving the situation. Even as he responded to the query "Occupation? " with "Indepen- dent"-he could not have brought himself to say "Engaged in inde- pendent research"-he saw, in the eye that was fix~d on him, the same lackluster expression a,s if he had said "homeless," but then, when in the list of particulars his father's status came up and it ap- peared that his father was a member of the Upper House, the look changed. It was still mistrustful, but something in it immediately
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 6g
170 • THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
gave Ulrich the feeling of a swimmer, tossed this way and that by huge waves, who suddenly feels his big toe scraping solid ground.
With quickening presence of mind he seized his advantage. He instantly qualified everything he had so far admitted; he confronted this authority of ears bound by their oath of office with the express demand to be heard by the Commissioner himself, and when this merely evoked a smile he lied-quite casually, with a happily recov- ered naturalness, prepared to talk himselfout ofit ifthreatened with a noose ofdemands for precise details-and said that he was a friend of Count Leinsdorf's and secretary of the great patriotic campaign one read so much about in the newspapers. He could see immedi- ately that this had the effect, previously un~used, of causing him to be taken seriously as a person, and he pressed his advantage.
The result was that the sergeant now eyed him indignantly, be- cause he did not want to take the responsibility either of detaining this catch or of letting it go. As there was no higher official in the building at this hour he resorted to an expedient that showed, to the simple sergeant's credit, how much he had learned from his superi- ors about handling awkward cases. He made a solemn face and ex- pressed grave misgivings that Ulrich apparently not only had been g u i l t y o f i n s u l t i n g a n o f f i c e r o f t h e 1aw a n d i n t e r f e r i n g w i t h t h e e x e c u - tion of his duty but, considering the position he claimed to hold, also came under suspicion of being involved in obscure, possibly political, machinations and would therefore have to submit to being trans- ferred to the political divis. ion at central police headquarters.
So a few minutes later Ulrich was on his way through the night, in a cab he had been permitted to hire, at his side a plainclothesman not much inclined to conversation. As they approached police headquar- ters the prisoner saw the brightly lit windows on the second floor, where at this late hour an important conference was still going on in the Chief Commissioner's office. This building was no gloomy hole but rather more like a Ministry, and Ulrich was already breathing a more familiar air. He soon noticed, too, that the officer on night duty quickly recognized what an absurd blunder the exasperated periph- eral apparatus had made in arresting Ulrich; still, it was quite inadvis- able to release from the clutches ofthe law someone so reckless as to run into them uninvited. The next-higher official at headquarters also had an iron machine for a face and insisted that the prisoner's
own rashness made it extremely difficult for the police to take re- sponsibility for his release. Ulrich had already twice gone over all the points that had worked so well with the sergeant, but with no effect on this higher official, and he was about to give up hope when sud- denly his judge's face underwent a ·remarkable, almost happy, change. Reading the charge again with care, he asked Ulrich to re- peat his name, made sure of his address, politely asked him to wait a moment, and left the room. Mter ten minutes he came back, looking like a man who had remembered something that pleased him, and with striking courtesy invited the arrested gentleman to follow him. At the door of one of the well-lit rooms on the upper floor he said only: "The Chief Commissioner would like to speak with you person- ally," and the next moment Ulrich found himself facing a gentleman with the muttonchop whiskers he knew so well by now, who had just come from the conference room next door.
He was about to explain, in a tone of gentle reproach, his presence as the consequence ofan error at the local police office but was antic- ipated by the Chief Commissioner, who greeted him with the words: "An unfortunate misunderstanding, my dear Herr Doktor, the In- spector has already told me all about it. All the same, a slight penalty is in order, in view of . . . ,"and he looked at Ulrich roguishly (if such a word may be used at all of the highest police official), as though giving him a chance to guess the answer himself.
Ulrich was totally stumped by the riddle. ·
"His Grace! " the Commissioner offered by way of assistance. "His Grace Count Leinsdorf," he went on, "asked me most ur-
gently for your whereabouts, just a few hours ago. "
Ulrich still did not quite follow.
"You are not in the directory, my dear sir," the Commissioner ex-
plained in a tone of mock reproach, and as though this were Ulrich's only crime.
Ulrich bowed, with a formal smile.
"I gather that you are expected to call on His Grace tomorrow on a matter of great public importance; and I cannot bring myself to pre- vent you from doing so by locking you up," the master of the iron machine concluded his little joke.
It may be assumed that the Chief Commissioner would have re- garded Ulrich's arrest as unwarranted in any case, since the Inspec-
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 71
172 • THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
tor who had happened to recall Ulrich's name coming up the first time at central police headquarters a few hours before had repre- sented the incident to the Chief Commissioner in such a way as to make the conclusion inevitable that no one had actually interfered with the law arbitrarily. His G~ce, incidentally, never heard how Ul- rich had been tracked down. Ulrich felt obliged to pay his call the day following this evening of lese-majeste, and during this visit was im- mediately appointed Honorary Secretary to the great patriotic cam- paign. Count Leinsdorf, had he known how it had all come about, would not have been able to say otherwise than that it was like a miracle.
RACHEL AND DIOTIMA
Shortly afterward the first session ofthe great patriotic campaign was held at Diotima's.
The dining room had been transformed into a conference room. The dining table, fully extended and covered with green baize, occu- pied the center of the room. Sheets of bone-white ministry paper with pencils of varying degrees of hardness were laid at each place. The sideboard had been removed. The corners of the room were empty and austere. The walls were reverently bare but for a portrait of His Majesty hung by Diotima and that of a wasp-waisted lady which Tuzzi in his consular. days had brought home from somewhere and which might pass for an ancestral portrait. Diotima would have loved to put a crucifix at the head of the table, but Tuzzi had laughed her out ofit before tactfully absenting himselffrom his house for the day.
For the Parallel Campaign was to be inaugurated quite privately. No government ministers or official bigwigs appeared, nor any politi- cians. The intention was to start with a small, select group of none
but selfless seJVants of the Idea: The head of the International Bank, Herr von Holtzkopf and Baron Wisnieczky, a few ladies of the high nobility, some well-known figures associated with the city's great charities, and, in accord with Count Leinsdorf's principle of"capital and culture," representatives of the great universities, the art acade- mies, industry, the landowning families, and the Church were ex- pe,cted. The government was represented by a few unobtrusive young ministry officials who fitted into this social circle and enjoyed their chiefs' confidence. This mixture was in keeping with the wishes of Count Leinsdorf, who had dreamed of a spontaneous manifesta- tion arising from the midst of the people but who found it a great relief, after his experience with their reformist zeal, to know with whom one was dealing.
The little maid Rachel (somewhat freely translated by her mistress into a French "Rachelle") had been up. and about since six o'clock that morning. She had extended the big dining table, pushed two card tables up to it, covered the whole with green baize, and dusted with special care, carrying out all these burdensome tasks in great excitement. Diotima had said to her the previous evening: "Tomor- row we may be making world history here! " and Rachel's whole body
'was aglow with happiness at being part of a household where such an event could take place--a great compliment to the event, since Ra- chel's body, beneath its black uniform, was as exquisite as Meissen porcelain.
Rachel was nineteen and believed in miracles. She had been born in a squalid shack in Poland, where a mezuzah hung on the doorpost and the soil came up through the cracks in the floorboards. She had been cursed and driven out of the door, her mother standing. by with a helpless look on her face, her brothers and sisters grinning with fear. She had pleaded for mercy on her knees, her heart strangled with shame, but to no avail. An unscrupulous young fellow had se- duced her; she no longer knew how; she had had to give birth to her child in the house of strangers arid then had left the country. Rachel had traveled; despair rolled along with her under the filthy cart in which she rode until, wept out, she saw the capital city, toward which some instinct had driven her, as some great wall of fire into which she wanted to hurl herself to die. But-:-ah true miracle--this wall parted and took her in. Since then, Rachel had always felt as though
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 73
174 · THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
she were living in the interior ofa golden flame. Chance had brought her to Diotima's house, and Diotima regarded running away from home in Galicia as quite natural, ifit led to her. After they had got to know each other well, Diotima sometimes told the little girl about the famous and important people who regularly visited the house where "Rachelle" had the privilege of seiving; she had even told her a few things about the Parallel Campaign for the pleasure of seei. J:lg Rachel's eyes light up like a pair of golden mirrors radiantly reflect- ing her mistress's image.
For even if she had been cursed by her father because of some unscrupulous fellow, Rachel was an honorable girl and loved simply everything about Diotima: her soft dark hair, which Rachel was al- lowed to brush mornings and evenings; the dresses she helped her into; the Chinese lacqu~rworkand the little carved Indian tables; the books in foreign languages lying about, of which she understood not a word; she also loved Herr Tuzzi and, most recently, the nabob who had paid a call on her mistress the second day after his arrival in town-she made it out to be the first day. Rachel had stared at him in the hall with a rapture worthy of the Christian Savior descending from his golden shrine, and the only thing that vexed her was that he had not bi:ought along his Soliman to pay his respects to her mistress.
But today, with so historic an event in the offing, she felt confident that something wonderful would happen to her too, and she sup- posed that this time Soliman would probably be in attendance, as the solemnity of the occasion demanded. Not that everything hinged on this expectation, but it was a necessary flourish, part of the plot of amorous intrigue present in every novel Rachel read to improve her mind. For Rachel was allowed to read the novels Diotima had put aside, just as she was allowed to cut down and alter for herself Di- otima's discarded lingerie. Rachel sewed well and read fluently- that was her Jewish heritage-but when she was reading a novel Diotima had recommended as a great work of art (these were her favorites) she understood what was ·happening in it only as one per- ceives a lively event from a distance, or in a strange country; she was engrossed and moved by goings-on she did not understand and that she could not influence, and this she enjoyed enormously. She en- joyed in the same way, when sent out on an errand or when distin- guished visitors came to the house, the imposing and exciting
demeanor of an imperial city, its superabundance of brilliant detail, surpassing her understanding, in which she shared simply by being in a privileged place in its midst. She was not at all interested in under. :. standing it better; she had forgotten, in her anger, the basic teachings of her Jewish home, the wise maxims heard there, and felt as little need for them as a flower needs a spoon and fork in order to nourish itself with the juices of earth and air.
So now she collected all the pencils once more and carefully slipped their shiny points into the little machine affixed to the comer ofthe table, which peeled offthe wood so perfectly when you turned the handle that, when you repeated the process, not the tiniest chip fell off. Then she put the pencils back beside the velvety sheets of paper, three different kinds in each place, reflecting that this perfect machine she was allowed to use had been brought over yesterday evening with the pencils and the paper from the Foreign Ministry and the Imperial household by a uniformed messenger. It was now seven o'clock. Rachel quickly cast a general's glance over all the de- tails of the arrangement and hurried out of the room to waken Di- otima, for the meeting was set for a quarter past ten, and Diotima had stayed in bed awhile after the master had left the house.
These mqrnings with Diotima were a special treat for Rachel. The word "love" does not Ht the case; the word "veneration" is closer, if one pictures it in its full meaning, in which the honor conferred so completely penetrates a person that it Hils his inmost being and pushes him, so to speak, out of his own place within himself. From her adventure back home Rachel had a little daughter, now eighteen months old, whom she saw when she regularly took a large portion of her wages to the foster mother on the fust Sunday of every month. But although she did not neglect her duty as a mother, she saw in it only a punishment incurred in the past, and her feelings had again become those of a girl whose chaste body had not yet been opened by love.
She approached Diotima's bed, and her gaze, adoring as that of a mountain climber catching sight of the snowy peak rising out of the morning darkness into the Hrst blue of dawn, glided over Diotima's shoulder before she touched the tender mother-of-pearl warmth of her mistress's skin with her fingers. Then she savored the subtly min- gled scent of the hand that came sleepily out from under the covers
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 7s
176 · THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
to be kissed, smelling of the previous day's colognes but also of the faint steaminess of the night's rest. Rachel held the slipper for . the groping, naked foot and received the awakening glance. But the sen- sual contact with that magnificent female body would not have been so thrilling by far had it not been wholly irradiated by Diotima's moral significance.
"Did you remember to place the chair with the armrests for His Grace? And the little silver bell for me? Did you put out twelve sheets of paper for the secretary? And six pencils, Raclielle, six, not just three, for him? " was what Diotima said on this occasion. At each of these questions, Rachel inwardly ticked off on her fingers all she had done, with a frightened thrill ofambition, as though her life were at stake. Her mistress had thrown on a dressing gown and went into the conference room. Her way of training "Rachelle" involved re- minding her that it was not enough to regard everything done or un- done as one's personal concern, but to consider its general import. If Rachel broke a glass, "Rachelle" was told that the damage in itself signified nothing but that the transparent glass was a symbol of the daily little duties the eye barely perceived because it gladly dwelled on higher things, which was all the more reason that one had to pay the most particular attention to these duties. To fmd herself treated with such ministerial courtesy could bring remorse and happiness to Rachel's eyes as she swept up the fragments. Her cooks, from whom Diotima expected right thinking and recognition of errors they had committed, had come and gone often enough since Rachel had en- tered her service, but Rachel loved Diotima's sublime phrases with all her heart, just as she loved the Emperor, the state funerals, and the flaming candles in the darkness of the Catholic churches. She might fib a little to get out of a scrape, but she was thoroughly ashamed ofherselfafteiWard. Perhaps she'even took a perverse plea- sure in her little lies because they made her feel how really bad she was, compared with Diotima; but she usually indulged herself in this only when she hoped to be able to tum the falsehood, secretly and quickly, into a truth.
When one human being looks up to another so much in every way, it happens that his body is, so to speak, taken away from him and plunges like a little meteorite into the sun of the other body. Diotima had no fault to fmd with Rachel's performance and kindly patted her
little maid on the shoulder. Then they both went into the bathroom to dress Diotima for the great day. When Rachel tempered the bath- water, lathered the soap, and was permitted to rub Diotima's body down with the bath towel as boldly as though it were her own, it gave her much more pleasure than ifit really were merely her own, which seemed of no account, inspired no confidence; she was far from thinking of it even for comparison,. but felt, in touching Diotima's statuesque abundance, rather like an oafofa recruit who belongedto a dazzling regiment.
So was Diotima girded for the great day.
THE GREA T SESSION
On the minute of the appointed hour, Count Leinsdorf appeared, accompanied by Ulrich. Rachel, already aglow from admitting an uninterrupted stream of guests for whom she had to open the door and help with their coats, recognized Ulrich at once and noted with satisfaction that he, too, had been no casual visitor but a man brought to her mistress's house by a significant' chain of events, as was now demonstrated by his arrival in the company of His Grace. She flut- tered to the door, which she opened ceremmiiously, and then crouched down at the keyhole to see what would now happen inside. It was a large keyhole, and she saw the banker's clean-shaven chin and the prelate Niedomansky's violet neckband, as well as the golden sword knot of General Stumm von Bordwehr, who had been sent by the War Ministry although it really had not been invited; the Minis- try had declared, in a letter to Count Leinsdorf, that it did not wish to be absent on "so highly patriotic" an occasion, . though not directly involved in bringing it about or in the foreseeable course it would take. Diotima had forgotten to mention this to Rachel, who was quite excited by the presence of a general at this gathering but could-make out nothing more, for the present, about what was going on.
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 77
178 · THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
Diotima, meanwhile, had welcomed His Grace, not paying much attention to Ulrich, as she was introducing other guests to the Count, beginning with. Dr. Paul Arnheim. She explained to His Grace that a lucky chance had brought this distinguished friend ofher house, and even though as a non-Austrian he could not expect to take a fonrial part in their conference, she hoped he would be permitted to stay as her personal adviser, because-here she appended a gentle threat- his great experience and connections in the field ofinternational cul- ture and its relations with economic questions were an invaluable support to her, considering that she had so far been obliged to take sole responsibility for covering these areas and could not soon be re- placed even in the future, although she was only too aware of her inadequacy.
Count Leinsdorf found himself ambushed; it was the first time since he had known her that his middle-class friend had surprised him by committing an indiscretion. Arnheim, too, felt taken aback, likea sovereign whose entrance has not been staged with the proper fanfare; he had of course been certain that Count Leinsdorf had known and approved of his being invited. But Diotima, with an obsti- nate look on her flushed face, din not give an inch; like all women with too clear a conscience in the matter of marital fidelity, she could develop an insufferable feminine persistence in a good cause.
She was at that time already in love with Arnheim, who had by this time called on her more than once, but in her inexperience she had no inkling of the nature of her feeling. They talked about what it is that moves the soul, that ennobles the flesh between the sole of the foot and the crown of the head and transforms the confused impres- sions of civilized life into harmonious spiritual vibrations. But even this was a great deal, and because Diotima was inclined to caution and always on guard against compromising herself, this intimacy struck her as too sudden, and she had to mobilize truly great emo- tions, the very greatest, in fact, and where were they most likely to be found? Where everyone has shifted them, to the drama of history. For Diotima and Arnheim, the Parallel Campaign was, so to speak, a safety island in the swelling traffic of their souls. They regarded it as clearly fated that they should have been brought together at such an important moment, arid they could not agree more that the great pa- triotic enterprise was an immense opportunity and responsibility for
intellectual people. Arnheim said so too, though he never forgot to add that it depended primarily upon people with strong personalities who had experience in economics as well as the world ofideas, and only secondarily on the scope of the organization. So in Diotima the Parallel Campaign had become inextricably bound up with Arnheim; the void it had presented to her imagination at the beginning had given way to a copious abundance. Her hope that the great treasures of feeling embodied in the Austrian heritage could be strengthened by Prussian intellectual discipline was now most happily justified, and these impressions were so strong that this normally very correct woman had not realized what a breach of protocol she had commit- ted in undertaking to invite Arnheim to the inaugural conference. Now there was no retreat; anyway, Arnheim, who sensed how it had happened, found it essentially disarming, however annoyed he was at finding himself in a false position; and His Grace was basically too fond ofhis friend Diotima to show his surprise beyond his first, invol- untary, recoil. He met Diotima's explanation with silence and after an awkward little pause amiably held out his hand to Arnheim, assur- ing him in the most civil and complimentary terms that he was wel- come, as in fact he was. Most of the others present had probably noticed the Uttle scene and wondered about Arnheim's presence in- sofar as they knew who he was; but among well-bred people it is gen- erally assumed that there is a sufficient reason for everything, and it is considered poor taste to ask too many prying questions.
Diotima had meanwhile recovered her statuesque impassivity. After a few moments she called the meeting to order and asked His Grace to honor her house by taking a chair.
His Grace made a speech. He had been preparing it for days, and his cast of mind was much too fixed to let him change anything at the last minute; he could only just manage to tone down the most out- spoken allusions to the Prussian needle gun, which (an underhanded trick) had got the better of the Austrian muzzle-loaders in '66.
"What has brought us together," Count Leinsdorf said, "is the shared conviction that a great testimonial arising from the midst of the people themselves must not be left to chance but needs guidance by an influence that sees far into the future from a place with a broad perspective-in other words, from the top. His Majesty, our beloved Emperor and Sovereign, will in the year 1918 celebrate the almost
Pseudoreality Prevails · 179
180 • THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
unique jubilee of the seventieth year since his richly blessed ascent to the throne with 'all the strength and vigor, please God, we have always been accustomed to admire in him. We are certain that this occasion will be celebrated by the grateful people of Austria in a manner to show the world not only our deep love for him, but also that the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy stands together, grouped firm as a rock around its Sovereign. " . .
At this point Count Leinsdorf wavered, wondering whether to mention anything about the signs ofdecay to which this rock, even at a unified celebration of its Emperor and King, was exposed; resist- ance by Hungary, which recognized only a King, had to be reckoned with. This was why His Grace had originally meant to speak of two firm rocks. But somehow this also failed to do justice to his sense of the Austro-Hungarian state.
This sense of the Austro-Hungarian state was so oddly put to- gether ~at it must seem almost hopeless to explain it to anyone who has not experienced it himself. It did not consist of im Austrian part and a Hungarian part that, as one might expect, complemented each other, but of a whole and a part; that is, of a Hungarian and an Aus- tro-Hungarian sense of statehood, the latter to be found in Austria, which in a sense left the Austrian sense of statehood with no country of its own. The Austrian existed only in Hungary, and there as an object of dislike; at home he called himself a national of the king- doms and lands of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy as represented in the Imperial Counc\1, meaning that he was an Austrian plus a Hungarian minus that Hungarian; and he did this not with enthusi-
asm but only for the sake of a concept that was repugnant to him, because he could bear the Hungarians as little as they could bear him, which added still another complication to the whole combina- tion. This led many people to simply call themselves Czechs, Poles, Slovenes, or Germans, and this was the beginning of that further decay and those well-known "unpleasant phenomena of an internal political kind," as Count Leinsdorf called them, which according to him were "the work of irresponsible, callow, sensation-seeking ele- ments" not kept sufficiently in check by the politically unenlightened mass ofinhabitants. As the subject here touched upon has since been. dealt with in many well-informed and clever books, the reader will be glad to be reassured that neither at this point" nor later will any
serious attempt be made to paint a historical canvas and enter into competition with reality. It is fully sufficient to note that the myster- ies ofthis Dualism (the technical term for it) were at the very least as recondite as those of the Trinity, for the historical process nearly ev- erywhere resembles a juridical one, with hundreds of clauses, appen- dices, compromises, and protests, and it is only to this that attention should be drawn. The common man lives and dies among these com- plications all unsuspecting, which is just as well for him, because if he were to realize in what sort of a trial, with what lawyers, costs, and conflicting motives, he was entangled, he might be seized by para- noia no matter what country he lived in. Understanding reality is ex- clusively a matter for the philosopher of political history. For him the present period follows upon the Battle of Mohacs or Lietzen as the roast the soup; he knows all the proceedings and has at every mo- ment the sense of necessity arising out of lawful process. If he is, moreover, like Count Leinsdorf an aristocratic philosopher trained in political history, whose forebears, wielding sword or spindle, had personally played their parts in the preliminaries, he can survey the result as a smoothly ascending line.
And so His Grace Count Leinsdorfhad said to himselfbefore the conference: 'W e must not forget that His Majesty's noble and gener- ous resolve to let the people take part in the conduct of their own affairs, up to a point, has not been in effect long enough to have pro- duced everywhere the kind ofpolitical maturity in every respect wor- thy of the confidence so magnanimously placed in the people by His Majesty. So we will not discern, as does the grudging world beyond our frontiers, signs of senile decay in such execrable demonstrations as we are now unfortunately experiencing, but rather signs of a still immature, hence inexhaustible, youthful strength of the Austrian people. "
He had meant to bring all this up at the meeting, but because Arn- heim was present he did not say everything he had thought out beforehand but contented himself with hinting at the ignorance abroad of true conditions in Austria, leading to exaggeration where certain unpleasant phenomena were concerned. "·For," His Grace concluded, "if we wish to give unmistakable proof of our strength and unity, we do so entirely in the interests of the wider world, since a happy relationship among the European family of nations is based
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 8 1
182 • THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
upon mutual esteem and respect for one another's power. " He then repeated only once more that such a forceful, . Jllunt display of strength must truly come from the midst of the people and hence be directed from above, the purpose of this meeting being to find ways and means of so doing. Considering that only a short time ago Count Leinsdorfhad thought ofnothing more than a list ofnames, to which only the suggestion of a "Year of Austria" had been added from out- side, this could be characterized as great progress, even though His Grace had not even expressed everything in his mind.
After this speech, Diotima took the floor to clarify the chairman's objectives. The great patriotic campaign, she explained, must find a great aim that would emerge, as His Grace had said, from the midst of the people. 'W e who are gathered here today for the first time do not feel called upon to define this aim as of now, but we are assem- bled to create first of all an organization to prepare the way for the framing of suggestions leading toward this aim. " With these words she opened the discussion.
At first there was silence. Shut birds of different species and song patterns, none of whom have any idea what is going to happen to them, together in a cage, and they will initially be silent exactly the same way.
Finally, a professor asked for permission to speak. Ulrich did not know him. His Grace had presumably got his secretary to invite this gentleman at the last moment. He spoke of the path of history. When we look ahead, he said, we see an impenetrable wall. If we look left and right, we see an overwhelming mass of important events without recognizable direction. To cite just a few instances: the present con- flict with Montenegro, the Spanish ordeals in battle in Morocco, the obstructionism of the Ukrainians in the Austrian Imperial Council. But looking back, everything, as if by a miracle, has become order and purpose. . . . Therefore, if he might say so, we experience at every moment the mystery of a miraculous guidance. So he wanted to welcome as a great idea·opening the eyes of a nation, as it were, to this, to let it look consciously into the ways of Providence by calling upon it on a definite occasion of rare sublimity. . . . This was all he had wanted to say. It was much like modem methods of teaching, letting the pupil work out the answers together with the teacher, rather than imposing on him ready-made results.
The assembled company stared stonily, but with a pleasant expres- sion, at the green tablecloth; even the prelate representing the Arch- bishop reacted to this clerical performance by a layman with the same polite reserve as the gentlemen from the ministries, without allowing his face 'to betray a hint of cordial agreement. It was like the way people feel when someone on the street suddenly begins to ad- dress all and sundry at the top of his voice; everyone, even those who had been thinking of nothing at all, feels suddenly that he is out on serious business, or that someone is making improper use of the street. As he spoke, the professor had been struggling with a sense of embarrassment, squeezing out his words with jerky constraint, as if a strong wind were snatching away his breath; he waited for an answer- ing echo, then slowly withdrew the expectant look from his face, not without dignity.
It w~ a relief to all when the representative of the Imperial Privy Purse came to the rescue by quickly giving them a list of foundations and endowments to be expected, in that jubilee year, from His Maj- esty's private funds. ' It began with the donation of a sum for the building of a pilgrims' church, a foundation for the support of dtta- cons without private means, gifts to the Archduke Karl and Field Marshal Radetzky Veterans' Clubs, to the soldiers' widows and or- phans from the campaigns of '66 and '78, followed by funds for pen- sioned noncommissioned officers, for the Academy of Sciences, and so it went, on and on.
There was nothing exciting about these lists; they simply had their place and took their course as a public expres- sion of Imperial benevolence. The moment they had all been read off a Frau Weghuber, a manufacturer's wife with an impressive rec- ord of charitable works, rose promptly to her feet, quite impervious to any idea that there might be something more pressing than the objects of her concern. She advanced a proposal for a Greater Aus- trian Franz Josef Soup Kitchen, which was received sympathetically. However, the delegate from the Ministry of Public Worship and Ed- ucation pointed out that his own department had received a some- what similar suggestion, namely, the publication ofa monumental work, Emperor Franz Josef I and His Time. But after this happy start silence again prevailed, and most of those present felt trapped in an awkward situation.
Had they been asked on their way to this meeting whether they
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 83
184 · THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
knew what historical events or great events or things of that sort were, they would certainly have replied in the affirmative; but con- fronted with the weighty imperative of making up such an event on the spot, they slowly began to feel faint, and something like rum- blings of a very natural kind stirred inside them.
At this dangerous moment the ever-tactful Diotima, who had pre- pared refreshments, interrupted the meeting.
43
ULRICH MEETS THE GREA T MAN FOR THE FIRST TIME. NOTHING IRRA TIONAL HAPPENS IN WORLD HISTORY, BUT DIOTIMA CLAIMS THAT THE TRUE AUSTRIA IS THE WHOLE WORLD
During the pause for refreshments, Amheim observed that the more all-inclusive the organization, the further the various proposals would diverge from one another. This was a characteristic symptom of its present state of development, based, as it was, only on reason. Yet it was just this that made it a tremendous undertaking, to force a whole people into awareness of the will, inspiration, and all that was basic, which lay far deeper than reason.
Ulrich replied by asking him whether he really believed that any- thing would come of this campaign.
"No doubt about it," Amheim said, "great events are always the expression of a general situation. " The mere fact that a meeting such as this had been possible anywhere was proof of its. profound necessity.
And yet discrimination in such matters seems difficult, Ulrich said. Suppose, for instance, that the composer of the latest worldwide mu- sical hit happened t,o be a political schemer and managed to become
president of the world-which was certainly conceivable, given his enormous popularity-would this be a leap forward in history or an expression of the cultural situation? .
"That's quite impossible! " Amheim said seriously. "Such a com- poser couldn't possibly be either a schemer or a politician-other- wise, his genius for musical comedy would be inexplicable, and nothing absurd happens in world history. "
"But so much that's absurd happens in the world, surely? "
"In world history, never! "
Arnheim was visibly on edge. Diotima and Count Leinsdorf stood
nearby in lively, low-voiced conversation. His Grace had, after all, expressed to his friend his amazement at meeting a Prussian on this markedly Austrian occasion. For reasons of discretion, if nothing else, he regarded it as wholly out of the question to let an alien play a leading part in the Parallel Campaign, although Diotima pointed out the splendid and confidence-inspiring impression such freedom from political. egotism would inevitably make abroad. She then changed her tactics, giving her plan a surprising new dimension. She spoke of a woman's tact, an intuitive certainty deeply immune to so- ciety's·prejudices. If His Grace would only listen, just this once, to that voice. Arnheim was a European, an intellectual force known throughout Europe; precisely because he was not an Austrian, his participation would prove that the intellect as such was at home in Austria. Suddenly she came out with the pronouncement that the True Austria was the whole world. The world, she explained, would find no peace until its nations learned to live together on a higher plane, like the Austrian peoples in their Fatherland. A Greater Austria, a Global Austria-that was the idea His Grace had inspired in her at this happy moment-the crowning idea the Parallel Cam- paign had been missing all along!
Irresistible, commanding her pacifist zeal, the beautiful Diotima stood before her noble friend. Count Lei. risdorf could not yet make up his mind to surrender his objections, but he again admired this woman's fiery idealism and breadth of vision, and pondered whether it might not be more advantageous to sound out Amheim first rather than deal on the spot with suggestions of such weighty consequence.
Arnheim was restless, sensing the nature of this conversation yet
Pseudoreality Prevails · zB5
186 · THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
unable to influence it. He and Ulrich were surrounded by the curi- ous, drawn by the presence of this Croesus, and Ulrich was just saying: r
"There are several thousand occupations in which people lose themselves, where they invest all their wits. But ifyou are looking for the universal human element, for what they all have in common, there are really only three possibilities left: stupidity, money, or, at most, some leftover memory of religion. "
"Quite right, religion! " Arnheim broke in emphatically, and asked Ulrich whether he really believed that it had all died out, down to the roots. He had stressed the word "religion" so loudly that Count Leinsdorfwas bound to hear.
His Grace seemed to· have come to terms, meanwhile, with Di- otima, for led by her he now approached the group, which tactfully made way, and addressed Arnheim.
Ulrich suddenly found himself alone, and bit his lip.
He began, for some reason-perhaps to kill time or not to stand there so awkwardly-to think of the drive to this meeting. As a man who moved with the times, Count Leinsdorf, who had brought him along, owned several cars, but inasmuch as he also dung to tradition, he occasionally used a pair of superb chestnut horses that he kept, together with a coachman and a light carriage; so when his major- domo had come for his instructions, His Grace had decided that it would be fitting to drive these two beautiful, almost historical crea- tures to the inaugural meeting of the Parallel Campaign.
"This one is Pepi, and that one is Hans," Count Leinsdorfhad ex- plained on the way, as they watcheo the dancing brown hillocks of the horses' cruppers and now and then one of the nodding heads moving rhythmically sideways so thatthe foam fleW from its mouth. It was hard-to comprehend what was going on inside the animals; it was a beautiful morning and they moved at a fast trot. Perhaps fod- der and speed were the only passions left to horses, since Pepi and Hans were geldings and knew nothing of love as a tangible desire, but only as a breath and a haze that sometimes· veiled their vision of the world with thin, lucent clouds. The passion for fodder was pre- served in a marble manger full of delicious oats, a hayrack full of fresh hay, the sound ofthe stable halter rubbing on its ring, and, con- centrated in the warm, steamy stable smell, a, spicy, steady aroma
needled with the ammonia-charged strong sense of self: Here are horses! Speed was something else again. In this, the poor soul is still bound to the herd, where motion suddenly takes possession of the lead st8llion, or all of them together, and the lot of them goes gallop- ing off into the wind and the sun; for when the animal is alone and free to charge offto all four points ofthe compass, often a mad shud- der will run through its skull and it will go storming off aimlessly, plunging into a terrible freedom as empty in one <lirection as an- other, until it comes to a bewildered halt and can be lured back with a bucket of oats. Pepi and Hans were well-trained· horses, used to running in harness; they movwd forward eagerly, their hooves beat- ing the sunny street fenced in by houses. People were gray swarms for them, causing them neither joy nor fear; the bright window dis- plays, the women parading in their colorful finery-patches of meadow no good for grazing; hats, neckties, books, diamonds along the street: a desert. Only the two dream-islands of stable and trotting rose up, and sometimes, as though in a dream or in play, Hans and Pepi shied at a shadow, pressed against the shafts, were revived by a flick of the whip, and leaned gratefully into the reins.
Suddenly Count Leinsdorfhad sat up straight in the cushions and asked Ulrich: "Stallburg tells me, Herr Doktor, that you are taking an interest in someone? " Ulrich was so taken by surprise that he did not immediately grasp the connection, and Leinsdorf went on: "Very good of you. I know all about it. I'm afraid there's not much to be done-such a terrible fellow. But that intangible personal something in need of grace, which every Christian has in him, often shows itself in just such an individual. And when a man sets out to do something great, he should think most humbly of the helpless. Perhaps this fel- low can be given another physical examination. "
After Count Leinsdorf had delivered himself of this long speech, sitting upright in the jolting carriage, ·he let himself drop back into the upholstery and added: "But we cannot forget that at this moment we owe all our energies to the realization of a historic event! "
Ulrich really felt a liking for this nai've old aristocrat, who was standing there still talking with Diotima and Arnheim, and felt al- most a twinge ofjealousy. For the conversation seemed to be quite lively; Diotima was smiling; Count Leinsdorf's eyes were popping with alarm as he tried to follow Amheim, who was holding forth with
Pseudorealtty Prevails · 187
188 • THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
noble composure. Ulrich caught the phrase "bringing ideas into the spheres of power. " He could not stand Arnheim, simply as a model of existence, on principle. This combination of intellect, business; good living, and learning was absolutely insufferable. He was con- vinced that Arnheim had organized everything the previous evening so that he would be neither the first nor the last to arrive at the ses- sion this morning; and yet he had certainly not looked at his watch before he left home but had probably done so for the last time before sitting down to breakfast and receiving the report of his secretlli)', who had handed him the mail; then he had transformed the time at his disposal into the precise amount of mental activity he intended to do before he had to leave, and when he dispassionately gave himself up to that activity, he was certain·it would fill up the time exactly; for the right thing and . the time it takes are mysteriously connected, like a sculpture and the space it inhabits; or a javelin thrower and the target he hits without looking at it. Ulrich had already heard a great deal about Amheim and had read some of his works. In one of them, Arnheim had written that a man who inspects his suit in the mirror is incapable of fearless conduct, because the mirror, originally created to give pleasure-as Arnheim explained it-had become an instru- ment of anxiety, like the clock, which is a substitute for the fact that our activities no longer follow a natural sequence.
Ulrich had to force himself to look away in order not to be seen staring rudely at the nearby group, and his eyes came to rest on the little maid who was moving about among the chatting groups, offer_. ing refreshments with respectful glances. But little Rachel did not notice him; she had forgotten him and even neglected to bring her tray over to him. She was approaching Arnheim and presenting her refreshments to him as to a god; she longed to kiss the shorj:, ·master- ful hand that reached out for the lemonade and held the glass ab- senttnindedly, without the nabob's taking a sip. Once this high point was passed she continued on her rounds like a dazed ~ttle robot and made her way as quickly as she could out of this world-historical room, where everything was filled with legs and talk, back into the hall again.
44
CONTINUA TION AND CONCLUSION OF THE GREAT SESSION. ULRICH TAKES A LIKING TO RACHEL, AND RACHEL TO SOLIMAN. THE PARALLEL CAMPAIGN GETS ORGANIZED
Ulrich liked girls like this: ambitious, well-behaved, in their well- trained timidity like little fruit trees whose sweet ripe fruit is des- tined to fall one day into the mouth of some young knight of Cockaigne as soon as he deigns to open his lips. ''They have to be brave and tough," he thought, "like Stone Age women who shared their hunter's bed by night and carried his weapons and household gear on marches by day," although he himself had never gone on such an expedition except in the distant prehistoric age of his awak- ening manhood. With a sigh he sat down again, for the session had resumed. In remembering, he was struck that the black-and-white vestments one put on these maids were the same colors as nuns' h_ab- its; this had never occurred to him before, and he wondered at it. But the divine Diotima was speaking again, saying that the Parallel Cam- paign must culminate in a great symbol. That meant that it would not do to have just any sort of goal, no matter how widely visible, no mat- ter how patriotic. This goal would have to seize the heart of the' world. It could not be just practical, it also had to be a poem. It had to be a landmark. It had to be a mirror in which the world would see itself and blush. And not just blush but, as in a fairy tale, see its own true countenance and never again be able to forget it. His Grace had suggested for this symhoi "Emperor of Peace. "
This being the premise, there could be no mistaking that the suggestions considered thus far had been wide of the mark, Diotima went on. When she spoke of symbols earlier in the meeting, she had naturally meant not soup kitchens but that nothing less was at stake than the need to recover that unity of mankind that had been lost because the disparity of interests in society had grown so great. The
190 • THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
question arises whether at the present time the peoples of today are still at all capable of such great, unifying ide. as? All the suggestions made so far were splendid, of course, but they diverged so widely, which already showed that none of them had unifying power.
As she spoke, Ulrich was watching Arnheim. His dislike did not attach its~lfto any particular details of that physiognomy but quite simply to the totality. Not that the individual features-the industrial baron's hard Phoenician skull, the sharp face that seemed to be formed of too little material, so that it had a certain flatness, the lordly, English-tailor repbse of the figure, and, at the second place where a man peeks out of his suit, the rather too-short-fingered hands-were not in themselves sufficiently noteworthy. What ir" ritated Ulrich was the harmony in which all of this coexisted. Arn- heim's books also had the same kind ofself-assurance; the world was in order, as soon as Arnheim had given it his due consideration. As he sat watching Arnheim being so dramatically attentive to the foolish- ness they were having to sit through, Ulrich suddenly felt a slum kid's impulse to throw rocks or mud at this man who had grown up in all that wealth and perfection. Arnheim was drinking it all in like a con- noisseur whose face says: Without going overboard, I must say this is a noble vintage!
Diotima had now come to the end of her speech. Right after the intermission, when they had all sat down again, everyone had looked confident that something conclusive was about to occur. Nobody had given it any real thought, but they all had that look of waiting for something important to happen. And now Diotima concluded: So when the question imposed itselfwhether the present time and the peoples of today's world were at all capable of such great, unifying ideas, . it was necessary and proper to add: The idea of the power to redeem. For it was a question of redemption, of a redeeming up- surge. In short: even if we could not yet imagine it in any detail. It must come out of the total community, or it would not come at all. And so she would take it upon herself, after having consulted with His Grace, to conclude today's meeting with the following proposal: As His Grace had rightly observed, the august ministerial depart- ments already represented a division of the world in accordance with its main aspects, such as religion and education, commerce, industry, law, and so on. Ifthose present would therefore agree to set up com-
mittees, each headed by a delegate from a government department, with representatives of the respective institutions and sectors of the population at his side, the resulting organization would already em- body the major moral forces of the world in their proper order and would serve as an instrument through which these forces could flow in and be filtered. The final determination would be made by an ex- ecutive committee, and the entire structure would then need only several special committees and subcommittees, such as a publicity committee, a fund-raising committee, and the like, while she would like to reserve to herself personally the forming of a special commit- tee for the further elaboration of the campaign's fundamental ideas, of course in constant cooperati~nwith all the other committees.
Again there was a general silence, but this time of palpable relief. Count Leinsdorf nodded his head several times. Someone asked as a point of further clarification how the specifically Austrian note would come into the campaign as thus conceived.
In response to this question, General Stumm von Bordwehr rose to speak, even though all the preceding speakers had remained seated. He was well aware, he said, that the. soldier's role in the coun- cil chamber was a modest one. Ifhe spoke nevertheless, it was not to inject his own opinion into the unsurpassable critical remarks and suggestions already made, all of them excellent, but only to offer one more idea at the end, for everyone's indulgent consideration. The planned demonstration was intended to impress the outside world. But what impressed the outside world was the power of a people. And in view of the present situation in the European family of na- tions, as His Grace had said, a demonstration of this kind would cer- tainly not be pointless. The idea of the state was, after all, the idea of power; as Treitschke said, the state is the power of self-preservation in the struggle for national survival. The general was only touching on a well-known sore spot in mentioning the condition of our artil- lery and our navy, both in unsatisfactory condition owing to the apa- thy of Parliament. Which is why he hoped they would consider, in case no other goal should be found, which was still an open question, that a broadly based popular concern with the problems of the army and its equipment would be a decidedly worthy aim. Si vis pacem, para bellum/ Strength in peace wards off war, or at least shortens its span. He could therefore confidently maintain that
Pseudoreality Prevails · I g I
192 • THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
steps taken in that direction would have a conciliatory effect on other nations and would make for an impressive demonstration of peace- able intentions.
At this moment there was a curious feeling in the room. Most of those present had at first felt that this speech was not in keeping with the meeting's real purpose, but as the General became more domi- nant acoustically, the effect on his listeners was like the reassuring tramp ofwell-ordered battalions. The original impulse of the Parallel Campaign, "Better than Prussia," shyly raised its head, as though some distant regimental band were trumpeting the march about Prince Eugene riding against the Turks, or the anthem "God Save the Emperor," . . . though ofcourse ifHis Grace had now stood up to propose-as he was far from intending to do-that they should put their Prussian brother Amheim at the head of the regimental band, they might have believed, in the state of vague exaltation in whic~ they found themselves, that they were hearing the Prussian anthem instead, and would hardly have been able to object.
At the keyhole, "Rachelle" reported: "Now they're talking about war. "
Her quick return to the hall at the end of the intermission owed a little to the fact that this time Amheim had actually brought Soliman in his wake. As bad weather was threatening, the little African boy had followed his master, carrying an overcoat. When Rachel opened the door he had made an impudent face, since he was a spoiled young Berliner who was used to women fussing over him in a way he had not yet learned to take advantage of. But Rachel had assumed that he must be spoken tq in his native African language; it simply never occurred to her to try German. Since she absolutely had to make herself understood, she had put her arm around the sixteen- year-old's shoulder and pointed the way to the kitchen, where she gave him a chair and pushed in front of him whatever cakes and drinks were within reach. She had never done this sort ofthing in her life, and when she straightened up from the table her heart was pounding like sugar being pulverized in a mortar.
'What's your name? " Soliman asked; so he spoke Germani "Rachelle, Rachel," she said, and ran off.
In the kitchen, Soliman made the most of the cake, wine, and hors
d'oeuvres, lit a cigarette, and started a conversation with the cook.
Seeing this when she came back from waiting on the guests gave Ra- chel a stab.
"In there," she said, "they'll be talking about something very im- portant again any minute now. "
But Soliman was not impressed, and the cook, an older woman, laughed.
"It might even mean war! " Rachel added excitedly-and was able to cap this a little later with her news from the keyhole that it had almost reached that point.
Soliman pricked up his ears. "Are there any Austrian generals in there? " pe asked.
"See for yourself," Rachel said. "There's one, at least. " And they went together to the keyhole.
Their glance fell now on some white paper, then on a nose; a big shadow passed by, a ring flashed. Life broke up into bright details. Green baize stretching away like a lawn; a white hand at rest some- where, without a context, pale as in a waxworks; peering in slantwise, one could see the golden tassel of the General's sword gleaming in a comer. Even the pampered Soliman showed some excitement. Seen through the crack of a door and an imagination, life swelled to weird and fairy-tale dimensions. The stooping position made the blood buzz in one's ears, and the voices behind the door now rumbled like falling rocks, now glided as on greased planks. Rachel slowly straight- ened up. The floor seemed to heave under her feet; she was en- veloped by the spirit of the occasion as though she had put her head under one of those black cloths used by conjurors and photogra- phers. Soliman stood up too, and the blood drained fluttering from their heads. The little black boy smiled, and behind his bluish lips his scarlet gums shimmered.
While this instant in the hall, among the hanging overcoats of in- fluential personages, faded slowly like a bugle call, a resolution was being passed in the conference room after Count Leinsdorf had thanked the General for his important and valuable suggestions, though the time had not yet come for examining proposals on their merits, as the organizational groundwork must be laid first. To this end, all that was needed now-apart from suiting the plan to the realities as represented by the ministries-was a final resolution to the effect that those present had unanimously agreed to submit the
Pseudoreality Prevails · 193
194 · THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
wishes of the people, as soon as these could be determined by the Parallel Campaign, to His Majesty, with the most humble petition to be allowed to dispose freely of the means for their material fulfill- ment (which would have to be raised by then) if such were His Maj- esty's most gracious pleasure.
This had the advantage that the people would be placed in the po- sition of setting the worthiest possible aim for themselves, but through the agency of the Sovereign's most gracious will. The resolu- tion was passed at His Grace's special request; for although it was only a matter of form, he considered it important that the people not take action on their own and without the consent of constitutional authority-not even to honor it.
The other participants would not have made such a point of this, but by the same token they had no objection to it. And it was in order, too, that the meeting should end. with the passing of a resolu- tion. For whether one set~ a final period to a brawl with a knife, or ends a musical piece by crashing all ten fingers simultaneously down on the keyboard a few times, or whether the dancer bows to his lady, or whether one passes a resolution, it would be an uncanny world if events simply slunk off, if there were not a final ceremony to assure that they had indeed taken place. And that is why it is done.
45
SILENT ENCOUNTER OF TWO MOUNTAIN PEAKS
When the session was over, Arnheim had quietly maneuvered, at a hint from Diotima, to be left behind, alone. Section ChiefTuzzi was observing a respectful margin of time to be sure of not retUrning home before the end of the session.
In these minutes between the departure of the guests and the set- tling down ofthe house, as her passage from room to room was inter-
rupted by brief, sometimes conflicting, orders, considerations, and the general unrest that a fading great event leaves behind, Arnheim smiled as his eyes followed Diotima's movements. She felt that her domicile was in a state of tremulous movement; all the things that had had to abandon their customary places because of the great event returned piece by piece, like a big wave ebbing from the sand in countless little hollowS and runnels. While Arnheim waited in ur- bane silence until she and the commotion around her settled down again, it struck Diotima that no matter how many people had gone in and out ofher house, no man-other than Section ChiefTuzzi-had ever been so domestically ·alone with her that one palpably felt the mute life of the empty apartment. And suddenly her chaste mind was troubled by a bizarre notion: her empty apartment, in the absence of even her husband, seemed like a pair of trousers Arnheim had just slipped into. There are such moments, when chastity itself may be visited by such abortive flashes from the pit of darkness, and so the wonderful dream of a love in which body and soul are entirely one bloomed in Diotima.
Arnheim had no inkling of this. His trousers made an impeccably perpendicular line to the gleaming parquet; his momingcoat, his cra- vat, his serenely smilirig patrician head, said nothing, so perfect were they. Actually, he had intended to complain to Diotima ·about the incident on his arrival, to make sure that no such thing happened in future. But there was at this moment something that made this man, who hobnobbed with American money magnates as an equal, who had been received by emperors and k;ings, this nabob who could offer any woman her weight in platinum, something that made him, instead ofcomplaining, stare entranced at Diotima, whose name was really Ermelinda, or actually only Hermine Tuzzi, the mere wife of a ranking official. For this something it is here once again necessary to resort to the word "soul. "
The word has already turned up more than once, though not in the clearest contexts; as, for instance, something lost in our time, or in- compatible with civilization; as something at odds with physical urges and connubial habits; something that is moved, and not only to re- pugnance, by a murderer; something that was to be liberated by the Parallel Campaign; as a subject for religious meditations and contem- platio in caligtne divina by Count Leinsdorf; as, with many people, a
Pseudoreality Prevails · 195
196 · THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
love ofmetaphor; and so'on. The most peculiarofall the peculiarities of the word "soul," however, is that young people cannot pronounce it without laughing. Even Diotima and Amheim were shy of using it without a modifier, for it is still possible to speak of having a great, noble, craven, daring, or debased soul, but to come right out with "my soul" is something one simply cannot bring eneself to do. It is distinctly an older person's word, and this can only be understood by assuming that in the course of life people become more and more aware of something for which they urgently need a name they cannot find until they finally resort, reluctantly, to the name they had origi- nally despised.
How to describe it, then? Whether one is ~trest or in motion, what matters is not what lies ahead, what one sees, hears, wants, takes, masters. It forms a horizon, a semicircle before one, but the ends of this semicircle are joined by a string, and the plane of this string goes right through·the middle of the world. In front, the face and hands look out of it; sensations and strivings run ahead of it, and no one doubts that whatever one does·is always reasonable, or at least pas- sionate. In other words, outer circumstances call for us to act in a way everyone can understand; and if, in the toils of passion, we do some- thing incomprehensible, that too is, in its oWii way, understandable. Yet however understandable and self~contained everything seems, this is accompanied by an obscure feeling that it is only half the story. Something is not quite in balance, and a person presses forward, lik-e a tightrope walker, in order not to sway and fall. And as he presses on through life and leaves lived life behind, the life ahead and the life already lived form a wall, and his path in the end resembles the path
of a woodworm: no matter how it corkscrews forward or even back- ward, it always leaves an empty space behind it.
All at once, Ulrich realized that it would take the coolest wit he could muster to extricate himself from the fix his feolishness had got him into. The questioning continued. He tried to imagine their reac- tion if he were to answer that his address was that of a stranger. Or if he replied, in answer to the question why he had done what he had done, that he always did something other than what he was really interested in doing? But outWardly he gave the proper answers as to street and house number, and tried to make up an acceptable version of his conduct. The feebleness of ~is mind's inward authority vis-a- vis the police sergeant's outward authority was acutely embarrassing; nevertheless, he finally glimpsed a chance of saving the situation. Even as he responded to the query "Occupation? " with "Indepen- dent"-he could not have brought himself to say "Engaged in inde- pendent research"-he saw, in the eye that was fix~d on him, the same lackluster expression a,s if he had said "homeless," but then, when in the list of particulars his father's status came up and it ap- peared that his father was a member of the Upper House, the look changed. It was still mistrustful, but something in it immediately
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 6g
170 • THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
gave Ulrich the feeling of a swimmer, tossed this way and that by huge waves, who suddenly feels his big toe scraping solid ground.
With quickening presence of mind he seized his advantage. He instantly qualified everything he had so far admitted; he confronted this authority of ears bound by their oath of office with the express demand to be heard by the Commissioner himself, and when this merely evoked a smile he lied-quite casually, with a happily recov- ered naturalness, prepared to talk himselfout ofit ifthreatened with a noose ofdemands for precise details-and said that he was a friend of Count Leinsdorf's and secretary of the great patriotic campaign one read so much about in the newspapers. He could see immedi- ately that this had the effect, previously un~used, of causing him to be taken seriously as a person, and he pressed his advantage.
The result was that the sergeant now eyed him indignantly, be- cause he did not want to take the responsibility either of detaining this catch or of letting it go. As there was no higher official in the building at this hour he resorted to an expedient that showed, to the simple sergeant's credit, how much he had learned from his superi- ors about handling awkward cases. He made a solemn face and ex- pressed grave misgivings that Ulrich apparently not only had been g u i l t y o f i n s u l t i n g a n o f f i c e r o f t h e 1aw a n d i n t e r f e r i n g w i t h t h e e x e c u - tion of his duty but, considering the position he claimed to hold, also came under suspicion of being involved in obscure, possibly political, machinations and would therefore have to submit to being trans- ferred to the political divis. ion at central police headquarters.
So a few minutes later Ulrich was on his way through the night, in a cab he had been permitted to hire, at his side a plainclothesman not much inclined to conversation. As they approached police headquar- ters the prisoner saw the brightly lit windows on the second floor, where at this late hour an important conference was still going on in the Chief Commissioner's office. This building was no gloomy hole but rather more like a Ministry, and Ulrich was already breathing a more familiar air. He soon noticed, too, that the officer on night duty quickly recognized what an absurd blunder the exasperated periph- eral apparatus had made in arresting Ulrich; still, it was quite inadvis- able to release from the clutches ofthe law someone so reckless as to run into them uninvited. The next-higher official at headquarters also had an iron machine for a face and insisted that the prisoner's
own rashness made it extremely difficult for the police to take re- sponsibility for his release. Ulrich had already twice gone over all the points that had worked so well with the sergeant, but with no effect on this higher official, and he was about to give up hope when sud- denly his judge's face underwent a ·remarkable, almost happy, change. Reading the charge again with care, he asked Ulrich to re- peat his name, made sure of his address, politely asked him to wait a moment, and left the room. Mter ten minutes he came back, looking like a man who had remembered something that pleased him, and with striking courtesy invited the arrested gentleman to follow him. At the door of one of the well-lit rooms on the upper floor he said only: "The Chief Commissioner would like to speak with you person- ally," and the next moment Ulrich found himself facing a gentleman with the muttonchop whiskers he knew so well by now, who had just come from the conference room next door.
He was about to explain, in a tone of gentle reproach, his presence as the consequence ofan error at the local police office but was antic- ipated by the Chief Commissioner, who greeted him with the words: "An unfortunate misunderstanding, my dear Herr Doktor, the In- spector has already told me all about it. All the same, a slight penalty is in order, in view of . . . ,"and he looked at Ulrich roguishly (if such a word may be used at all of the highest police official), as though giving him a chance to guess the answer himself.
Ulrich was totally stumped by the riddle. ·
"His Grace! " the Commissioner offered by way of assistance. "His Grace Count Leinsdorf," he went on, "asked me most ur-
gently for your whereabouts, just a few hours ago. "
Ulrich still did not quite follow.
"You are not in the directory, my dear sir," the Commissioner ex-
plained in a tone of mock reproach, and as though this were Ulrich's only crime.
Ulrich bowed, with a formal smile.
"I gather that you are expected to call on His Grace tomorrow on a matter of great public importance; and I cannot bring myself to pre- vent you from doing so by locking you up," the master of the iron machine concluded his little joke.
It may be assumed that the Chief Commissioner would have re- garded Ulrich's arrest as unwarranted in any case, since the Inspec-
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 71
172 • THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
tor who had happened to recall Ulrich's name coming up the first time at central police headquarters a few hours before had repre- sented the incident to the Chief Commissioner in such a way as to make the conclusion inevitable that no one had actually interfered with the law arbitrarily. His G~ce, incidentally, never heard how Ul- rich had been tracked down. Ulrich felt obliged to pay his call the day following this evening of lese-majeste, and during this visit was im- mediately appointed Honorary Secretary to the great patriotic cam- paign. Count Leinsdorf, had he known how it had all come about, would not have been able to say otherwise than that it was like a miracle.
RACHEL AND DIOTIMA
Shortly afterward the first session ofthe great patriotic campaign was held at Diotima's.
The dining room had been transformed into a conference room. The dining table, fully extended and covered with green baize, occu- pied the center of the room. Sheets of bone-white ministry paper with pencils of varying degrees of hardness were laid at each place. The sideboard had been removed. The corners of the room were empty and austere. The walls were reverently bare but for a portrait of His Majesty hung by Diotima and that of a wasp-waisted lady which Tuzzi in his consular. days had brought home from somewhere and which might pass for an ancestral portrait. Diotima would have loved to put a crucifix at the head of the table, but Tuzzi had laughed her out ofit before tactfully absenting himselffrom his house for the day.
For the Parallel Campaign was to be inaugurated quite privately. No government ministers or official bigwigs appeared, nor any politi- cians. The intention was to start with a small, select group of none
but selfless seJVants of the Idea: The head of the International Bank, Herr von Holtzkopf and Baron Wisnieczky, a few ladies of the high nobility, some well-known figures associated with the city's great charities, and, in accord with Count Leinsdorf's principle of"capital and culture," representatives of the great universities, the art acade- mies, industry, the landowning families, and the Church were ex- pe,cted. The government was represented by a few unobtrusive young ministry officials who fitted into this social circle and enjoyed their chiefs' confidence. This mixture was in keeping with the wishes of Count Leinsdorf, who had dreamed of a spontaneous manifesta- tion arising from the midst of the people but who found it a great relief, after his experience with their reformist zeal, to know with whom one was dealing.
The little maid Rachel (somewhat freely translated by her mistress into a French "Rachelle") had been up. and about since six o'clock that morning. She had extended the big dining table, pushed two card tables up to it, covered the whole with green baize, and dusted with special care, carrying out all these burdensome tasks in great excitement. Diotima had said to her the previous evening: "Tomor- row we may be making world history here! " and Rachel's whole body
'was aglow with happiness at being part of a household where such an event could take place--a great compliment to the event, since Ra- chel's body, beneath its black uniform, was as exquisite as Meissen porcelain.
Rachel was nineteen and believed in miracles. She had been born in a squalid shack in Poland, where a mezuzah hung on the doorpost and the soil came up through the cracks in the floorboards. She had been cursed and driven out of the door, her mother standing. by with a helpless look on her face, her brothers and sisters grinning with fear. She had pleaded for mercy on her knees, her heart strangled with shame, but to no avail. An unscrupulous young fellow had se- duced her; she no longer knew how; she had had to give birth to her child in the house of strangers arid then had left the country. Rachel had traveled; despair rolled along with her under the filthy cart in which she rode until, wept out, she saw the capital city, toward which some instinct had driven her, as some great wall of fire into which she wanted to hurl herself to die. But-:-ah true miracle--this wall parted and took her in. Since then, Rachel had always felt as though
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 73
174 · THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
she were living in the interior ofa golden flame. Chance had brought her to Diotima's house, and Diotima regarded running away from home in Galicia as quite natural, ifit led to her. After they had got to know each other well, Diotima sometimes told the little girl about the famous and important people who regularly visited the house where "Rachelle" had the privilege of seiving; she had even told her a few things about the Parallel Campaign for the pleasure of seei. J:lg Rachel's eyes light up like a pair of golden mirrors radiantly reflect- ing her mistress's image.
For even if she had been cursed by her father because of some unscrupulous fellow, Rachel was an honorable girl and loved simply everything about Diotima: her soft dark hair, which Rachel was al- lowed to brush mornings and evenings; the dresses she helped her into; the Chinese lacqu~rworkand the little carved Indian tables; the books in foreign languages lying about, of which she understood not a word; she also loved Herr Tuzzi and, most recently, the nabob who had paid a call on her mistress the second day after his arrival in town-she made it out to be the first day. Rachel had stared at him in the hall with a rapture worthy of the Christian Savior descending from his golden shrine, and the only thing that vexed her was that he had not bi:ought along his Soliman to pay his respects to her mistress.
But today, with so historic an event in the offing, she felt confident that something wonderful would happen to her too, and she sup- posed that this time Soliman would probably be in attendance, as the solemnity of the occasion demanded. Not that everything hinged on this expectation, but it was a necessary flourish, part of the plot of amorous intrigue present in every novel Rachel read to improve her mind. For Rachel was allowed to read the novels Diotima had put aside, just as she was allowed to cut down and alter for herself Di- otima's discarded lingerie. Rachel sewed well and read fluently- that was her Jewish heritage-but when she was reading a novel Diotima had recommended as a great work of art (these were her favorites) she understood what was ·happening in it only as one per- ceives a lively event from a distance, or in a strange country; she was engrossed and moved by goings-on she did not understand and that she could not influence, and this she enjoyed enormously. She en- joyed in the same way, when sent out on an errand or when distin- guished visitors came to the house, the imposing and exciting
demeanor of an imperial city, its superabundance of brilliant detail, surpassing her understanding, in which she shared simply by being in a privileged place in its midst. She was not at all interested in under. :. standing it better; she had forgotten, in her anger, the basic teachings of her Jewish home, the wise maxims heard there, and felt as little need for them as a flower needs a spoon and fork in order to nourish itself with the juices of earth and air.
So now she collected all the pencils once more and carefully slipped their shiny points into the little machine affixed to the comer ofthe table, which peeled offthe wood so perfectly when you turned the handle that, when you repeated the process, not the tiniest chip fell off. Then she put the pencils back beside the velvety sheets of paper, three different kinds in each place, reflecting that this perfect machine she was allowed to use had been brought over yesterday evening with the pencils and the paper from the Foreign Ministry and the Imperial household by a uniformed messenger. It was now seven o'clock. Rachel quickly cast a general's glance over all the de- tails of the arrangement and hurried out of the room to waken Di- otima, for the meeting was set for a quarter past ten, and Diotima had stayed in bed awhile after the master had left the house.
These mqrnings with Diotima were a special treat for Rachel. The word "love" does not Ht the case; the word "veneration" is closer, if one pictures it in its full meaning, in which the honor conferred so completely penetrates a person that it Hils his inmost being and pushes him, so to speak, out of his own place within himself. From her adventure back home Rachel had a little daughter, now eighteen months old, whom she saw when she regularly took a large portion of her wages to the foster mother on the fust Sunday of every month. But although she did not neglect her duty as a mother, she saw in it only a punishment incurred in the past, and her feelings had again become those of a girl whose chaste body had not yet been opened by love.
She approached Diotima's bed, and her gaze, adoring as that of a mountain climber catching sight of the snowy peak rising out of the morning darkness into the Hrst blue of dawn, glided over Diotima's shoulder before she touched the tender mother-of-pearl warmth of her mistress's skin with her fingers. Then she savored the subtly min- gled scent of the hand that came sleepily out from under the covers
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 7s
176 · THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
to be kissed, smelling of the previous day's colognes but also of the faint steaminess of the night's rest. Rachel held the slipper for . the groping, naked foot and received the awakening glance. But the sen- sual contact with that magnificent female body would not have been so thrilling by far had it not been wholly irradiated by Diotima's moral significance.
"Did you remember to place the chair with the armrests for His Grace? And the little silver bell for me? Did you put out twelve sheets of paper for the secretary? And six pencils, Raclielle, six, not just three, for him? " was what Diotima said on this occasion. At each of these questions, Rachel inwardly ticked off on her fingers all she had done, with a frightened thrill ofambition, as though her life were at stake. Her mistress had thrown on a dressing gown and went into the conference room. Her way of training "Rachelle" involved re- minding her that it was not enough to regard everything done or un- done as one's personal concern, but to consider its general import. If Rachel broke a glass, "Rachelle" was told that the damage in itself signified nothing but that the transparent glass was a symbol of the daily little duties the eye barely perceived because it gladly dwelled on higher things, which was all the more reason that one had to pay the most particular attention to these duties. To fmd herself treated with such ministerial courtesy could bring remorse and happiness to Rachel's eyes as she swept up the fragments. Her cooks, from whom Diotima expected right thinking and recognition of errors they had committed, had come and gone often enough since Rachel had en- tered her service, but Rachel loved Diotima's sublime phrases with all her heart, just as she loved the Emperor, the state funerals, and the flaming candles in the darkness of the Catholic churches. She might fib a little to get out of a scrape, but she was thoroughly ashamed ofherselfafteiWard. Perhaps she'even took a perverse plea- sure in her little lies because they made her feel how really bad she was, compared with Diotima; but she usually indulged herself in this only when she hoped to be able to tum the falsehood, secretly and quickly, into a truth.
When one human being looks up to another so much in every way, it happens that his body is, so to speak, taken away from him and plunges like a little meteorite into the sun of the other body. Diotima had no fault to fmd with Rachel's performance and kindly patted her
little maid on the shoulder. Then they both went into the bathroom to dress Diotima for the great day. When Rachel tempered the bath- water, lathered the soap, and was permitted to rub Diotima's body down with the bath towel as boldly as though it were her own, it gave her much more pleasure than ifit really were merely her own, which seemed of no account, inspired no confidence; she was far from thinking of it even for comparison,. but felt, in touching Diotima's statuesque abundance, rather like an oafofa recruit who belongedto a dazzling regiment.
So was Diotima girded for the great day.
THE GREA T SESSION
On the minute of the appointed hour, Count Leinsdorf appeared, accompanied by Ulrich. Rachel, already aglow from admitting an uninterrupted stream of guests for whom she had to open the door and help with their coats, recognized Ulrich at once and noted with satisfaction that he, too, had been no casual visitor but a man brought to her mistress's house by a significant' chain of events, as was now demonstrated by his arrival in the company of His Grace. She flut- tered to the door, which she opened ceremmiiously, and then crouched down at the keyhole to see what would now happen inside. It was a large keyhole, and she saw the banker's clean-shaven chin and the prelate Niedomansky's violet neckband, as well as the golden sword knot of General Stumm von Bordwehr, who had been sent by the War Ministry although it really had not been invited; the Minis- try had declared, in a letter to Count Leinsdorf, that it did not wish to be absent on "so highly patriotic" an occasion, . though not directly involved in bringing it about or in the foreseeable course it would take. Diotima had forgotten to mention this to Rachel, who was quite excited by the presence of a general at this gathering but could-make out nothing more, for the present, about what was going on.
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 77
178 · THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
Diotima, meanwhile, had welcomed His Grace, not paying much attention to Ulrich, as she was introducing other guests to the Count, beginning with. Dr. Paul Arnheim. She explained to His Grace that a lucky chance had brought this distinguished friend ofher house, and even though as a non-Austrian he could not expect to take a fonrial part in their conference, she hoped he would be permitted to stay as her personal adviser, because-here she appended a gentle threat- his great experience and connections in the field ofinternational cul- ture and its relations with economic questions were an invaluable support to her, considering that she had so far been obliged to take sole responsibility for covering these areas and could not soon be re- placed even in the future, although she was only too aware of her inadequacy.
Count Leinsdorf found himself ambushed; it was the first time since he had known her that his middle-class friend had surprised him by committing an indiscretion. Arnheim, too, felt taken aback, likea sovereign whose entrance has not been staged with the proper fanfare; he had of course been certain that Count Leinsdorf had known and approved of his being invited. But Diotima, with an obsti- nate look on her flushed face, din not give an inch; like all women with too clear a conscience in the matter of marital fidelity, she could develop an insufferable feminine persistence in a good cause.
She was at that time already in love with Arnheim, who had by this time called on her more than once, but in her inexperience she had no inkling of the nature of her feeling. They talked about what it is that moves the soul, that ennobles the flesh between the sole of the foot and the crown of the head and transforms the confused impres- sions of civilized life into harmonious spiritual vibrations. But even this was a great deal, and because Diotima was inclined to caution and always on guard against compromising herself, this intimacy struck her as too sudden, and she had to mobilize truly great emo- tions, the very greatest, in fact, and where were they most likely to be found? Where everyone has shifted them, to the drama of history. For Diotima and Arnheim, the Parallel Campaign was, so to speak, a safety island in the swelling traffic of their souls. They regarded it as clearly fated that they should have been brought together at such an important moment, arid they could not agree more that the great pa- triotic enterprise was an immense opportunity and responsibility for
intellectual people. Arnheim said so too, though he never forgot to add that it depended primarily upon people with strong personalities who had experience in economics as well as the world ofideas, and only secondarily on the scope of the organization. So in Diotima the Parallel Campaign had become inextricably bound up with Arnheim; the void it had presented to her imagination at the beginning had given way to a copious abundance. Her hope that the great treasures of feeling embodied in the Austrian heritage could be strengthened by Prussian intellectual discipline was now most happily justified, and these impressions were so strong that this normally very correct woman had not realized what a breach of protocol she had commit- ted in undertaking to invite Arnheim to the inaugural conference. Now there was no retreat; anyway, Arnheim, who sensed how it had happened, found it essentially disarming, however annoyed he was at finding himself in a false position; and His Grace was basically too fond ofhis friend Diotima to show his surprise beyond his first, invol- untary, recoil. He met Diotima's explanation with silence and after an awkward little pause amiably held out his hand to Arnheim, assur- ing him in the most civil and complimentary terms that he was wel- come, as in fact he was. Most of the others present had probably noticed the Uttle scene and wondered about Arnheim's presence in- sofar as they knew who he was; but among well-bred people it is gen- erally assumed that there is a sufficient reason for everything, and it is considered poor taste to ask too many prying questions.
Diotima had meanwhile recovered her statuesque impassivity. After a few moments she called the meeting to order and asked His Grace to honor her house by taking a chair.
His Grace made a speech. He had been preparing it for days, and his cast of mind was much too fixed to let him change anything at the last minute; he could only just manage to tone down the most out- spoken allusions to the Prussian needle gun, which (an underhanded trick) had got the better of the Austrian muzzle-loaders in '66.
"What has brought us together," Count Leinsdorf said, "is the shared conviction that a great testimonial arising from the midst of the people themselves must not be left to chance but needs guidance by an influence that sees far into the future from a place with a broad perspective-in other words, from the top. His Majesty, our beloved Emperor and Sovereign, will in the year 1918 celebrate the almost
Pseudoreality Prevails · 179
180 • THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
unique jubilee of the seventieth year since his richly blessed ascent to the throne with 'all the strength and vigor, please God, we have always been accustomed to admire in him. We are certain that this occasion will be celebrated by the grateful people of Austria in a manner to show the world not only our deep love for him, but also that the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy stands together, grouped firm as a rock around its Sovereign. " . .
At this point Count Leinsdorf wavered, wondering whether to mention anything about the signs ofdecay to which this rock, even at a unified celebration of its Emperor and King, was exposed; resist- ance by Hungary, which recognized only a King, had to be reckoned with. This was why His Grace had originally meant to speak of two firm rocks. But somehow this also failed to do justice to his sense of the Austro-Hungarian state.
This sense of the Austro-Hungarian state was so oddly put to- gether ~at it must seem almost hopeless to explain it to anyone who has not experienced it himself. It did not consist of im Austrian part and a Hungarian part that, as one might expect, complemented each other, but of a whole and a part; that is, of a Hungarian and an Aus- tro-Hungarian sense of statehood, the latter to be found in Austria, which in a sense left the Austrian sense of statehood with no country of its own. The Austrian existed only in Hungary, and there as an object of dislike; at home he called himself a national of the king- doms and lands of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy as represented in the Imperial Counc\1, meaning that he was an Austrian plus a Hungarian minus that Hungarian; and he did this not with enthusi-
asm but only for the sake of a concept that was repugnant to him, because he could bear the Hungarians as little as they could bear him, which added still another complication to the whole combina- tion. This led many people to simply call themselves Czechs, Poles, Slovenes, or Germans, and this was the beginning of that further decay and those well-known "unpleasant phenomena of an internal political kind," as Count Leinsdorf called them, which according to him were "the work of irresponsible, callow, sensation-seeking ele- ments" not kept sufficiently in check by the politically unenlightened mass ofinhabitants. As the subject here touched upon has since been. dealt with in many well-informed and clever books, the reader will be glad to be reassured that neither at this point" nor later will any
serious attempt be made to paint a historical canvas and enter into competition with reality. It is fully sufficient to note that the myster- ies ofthis Dualism (the technical term for it) were at the very least as recondite as those of the Trinity, for the historical process nearly ev- erywhere resembles a juridical one, with hundreds of clauses, appen- dices, compromises, and protests, and it is only to this that attention should be drawn. The common man lives and dies among these com- plications all unsuspecting, which is just as well for him, because if he were to realize in what sort of a trial, with what lawyers, costs, and conflicting motives, he was entangled, he might be seized by para- noia no matter what country he lived in. Understanding reality is ex- clusively a matter for the philosopher of political history. For him the present period follows upon the Battle of Mohacs or Lietzen as the roast the soup; he knows all the proceedings and has at every mo- ment the sense of necessity arising out of lawful process. If he is, moreover, like Count Leinsdorf an aristocratic philosopher trained in political history, whose forebears, wielding sword or spindle, had personally played their parts in the preliminaries, he can survey the result as a smoothly ascending line.
And so His Grace Count Leinsdorfhad said to himselfbefore the conference: 'W e must not forget that His Majesty's noble and gener- ous resolve to let the people take part in the conduct of their own affairs, up to a point, has not been in effect long enough to have pro- duced everywhere the kind ofpolitical maturity in every respect wor- thy of the confidence so magnanimously placed in the people by His Majesty. So we will not discern, as does the grudging world beyond our frontiers, signs of senile decay in such execrable demonstrations as we are now unfortunately experiencing, but rather signs of a still immature, hence inexhaustible, youthful strength of the Austrian people. "
He had meant to bring all this up at the meeting, but because Arn- heim was present he did not say everything he had thought out beforehand but contented himself with hinting at the ignorance abroad of true conditions in Austria, leading to exaggeration where certain unpleasant phenomena were concerned. "·For," His Grace concluded, "if we wish to give unmistakable proof of our strength and unity, we do so entirely in the interests of the wider world, since a happy relationship among the European family of nations is based
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 8 1
182 • THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
upon mutual esteem and respect for one another's power. " He then repeated only once more that such a forceful, . Jllunt display of strength must truly come from the midst of the people and hence be directed from above, the purpose of this meeting being to find ways and means of so doing. Considering that only a short time ago Count Leinsdorfhad thought ofnothing more than a list ofnames, to which only the suggestion of a "Year of Austria" had been added from out- side, this could be characterized as great progress, even though His Grace had not even expressed everything in his mind.
After this speech, Diotima took the floor to clarify the chairman's objectives. The great patriotic campaign, she explained, must find a great aim that would emerge, as His Grace had said, from the midst of the people. 'W e who are gathered here today for the first time do not feel called upon to define this aim as of now, but we are assem- bled to create first of all an organization to prepare the way for the framing of suggestions leading toward this aim. " With these words she opened the discussion.
At first there was silence. Shut birds of different species and song patterns, none of whom have any idea what is going to happen to them, together in a cage, and they will initially be silent exactly the same way.
Finally, a professor asked for permission to speak. Ulrich did not know him. His Grace had presumably got his secretary to invite this gentleman at the last moment. He spoke of the path of history. When we look ahead, he said, we see an impenetrable wall. If we look left and right, we see an overwhelming mass of important events without recognizable direction. To cite just a few instances: the present con- flict with Montenegro, the Spanish ordeals in battle in Morocco, the obstructionism of the Ukrainians in the Austrian Imperial Council. But looking back, everything, as if by a miracle, has become order and purpose. . . . Therefore, if he might say so, we experience at every moment the mystery of a miraculous guidance. So he wanted to welcome as a great idea·opening the eyes of a nation, as it were, to this, to let it look consciously into the ways of Providence by calling upon it on a definite occasion of rare sublimity. . . . This was all he had wanted to say. It was much like modem methods of teaching, letting the pupil work out the answers together with the teacher, rather than imposing on him ready-made results.
The assembled company stared stonily, but with a pleasant expres- sion, at the green tablecloth; even the prelate representing the Arch- bishop reacted to this clerical performance by a layman with the same polite reserve as the gentlemen from the ministries, without allowing his face 'to betray a hint of cordial agreement. It was like the way people feel when someone on the street suddenly begins to ad- dress all and sundry at the top of his voice; everyone, even those who had been thinking of nothing at all, feels suddenly that he is out on serious business, or that someone is making improper use of the street. As he spoke, the professor had been struggling with a sense of embarrassment, squeezing out his words with jerky constraint, as if a strong wind were snatching away his breath; he waited for an answer- ing echo, then slowly withdrew the expectant look from his face, not without dignity.
It w~ a relief to all when the representative of the Imperial Privy Purse came to the rescue by quickly giving them a list of foundations and endowments to be expected, in that jubilee year, from His Maj- esty's private funds. ' It began with the donation of a sum for the building of a pilgrims' church, a foundation for the support of dtta- cons without private means, gifts to the Archduke Karl and Field Marshal Radetzky Veterans' Clubs, to the soldiers' widows and or- phans from the campaigns of '66 and '78, followed by funds for pen- sioned noncommissioned officers, for the Academy of Sciences, and so it went, on and on.
There was nothing exciting about these lists; they simply had their place and took their course as a public expres- sion of Imperial benevolence. The moment they had all been read off a Frau Weghuber, a manufacturer's wife with an impressive rec- ord of charitable works, rose promptly to her feet, quite impervious to any idea that there might be something more pressing than the objects of her concern. She advanced a proposal for a Greater Aus- trian Franz Josef Soup Kitchen, which was received sympathetically. However, the delegate from the Ministry of Public Worship and Ed- ucation pointed out that his own department had received a some- what similar suggestion, namely, the publication ofa monumental work, Emperor Franz Josef I and His Time. But after this happy start silence again prevailed, and most of those present felt trapped in an awkward situation.
Had they been asked on their way to this meeting whether they
Pseudoreality Prevails · 1 83
184 · THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
knew what historical events or great events or things of that sort were, they would certainly have replied in the affirmative; but con- fronted with the weighty imperative of making up such an event on the spot, they slowly began to feel faint, and something like rum- blings of a very natural kind stirred inside them.
At this dangerous moment the ever-tactful Diotima, who had pre- pared refreshments, interrupted the meeting.
43
ULRICH MEETS THE GREA T MAN FOR THE FIRST TIME. NOTHING IRRA TIONAL HAPPENS IN WORLD HISTORY, BUT DIOTIMA CLAIMS THAT THE TRUE AUSTRIA IS THE WHOLE WORLD
During the pause for refreshments, Amheim observed that the more all-inclusive the organization, the further the various proposals would diverge from one another. This was a characteristic symptom of its present state of development, based, as it was, only on reason. Yet it was just this that made it a tremendous undertaking, to force a whole people into awareness of the will, inspiration, and all that was basic, which lay far deeper than reason.
Ulrich replied by asking him whether he really believed that any- thing would come of this campaign.
"No doubt about it," Amheim said, "great events are always the expression of a general situation. " The mere fact that a meeting such as this had been possible anywhere was proof of its. profound necessity.
And yet discrimination in such matters seems difficult, Ulrich said. Suppose, for instance, that the composer of the latest worldwide mu- sical hit happened t,o be a political schemer and managed to become
president of the world-which was certainly conceivable, given his enormous popularity-would this be a leap forward in history or an expression of the cultural situation? .
"That's quite impossible! " Amheim said seriously. "Such a com- poser couldn't possibly be either a schemer or a politician-other- wise, his genius for musical comedy would be inexplicable, and nothing absurd happens in world history. "
"But so much that's absurd happens in the world, surely? "
"In world history, never! "
Arnheim was visibly on edge. Diotima and Count Leinsdorf stood
nearby in lively, low-voiced conversation. His Grace had, after all, expressed to his friend his amazement at meeting a Prussian on this markedly Austrian occasion. For reasons of discretion, if nothing else, he regarded it as wholly out of the question to let an alien play a leading part in the Parallel Campaign, although Diotima pointed out the splendid and confidence-inspiring impression such freedom from political. egotism would inevitably make abroad. She then changed her tactics, giving her plan a surprising new dimension. She spoke of a woman's tact, an intuitive certainty deeply immune to so- ciety's·prejudices. If His Grace would only listen, just this once, to that voice. Arnheim was a European, an intellectual force known throughout Europe; precisely because he was not an Austrian, his participation would prove that the intellect as such was at home in Austria. Suddenly she came out with the pronouncement that the True Austria was the whole world. The world, she explained, would find no peace until its nations learned to live together on a higher plane, like the Austrian peoples in their Fatherland. A Greater Austria, a Global Austria-that was the idea His Grace had inspired in her at this happy moment-the crowning idea the Parallel Cam- paign had been missing all along!
Irresistible, commanding her pacifist zeal, the beautiful Diotima stood before her noble friend. Count Lei. risdorf could not yet make up his mind to surrender his objections, but he again admired this woman's fiery idealism and breadth of vision, and pondered whether it might not be more advantageous to sound out Amheim first rather than deal on the spot with suggestions of such weighty consequence.
Arnheim was restless, sensing the nature of this conversation yet
Pseudoreality Prevails · zB5
186 · THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
unable to influence it. He and Ulrich were surrounded by the curi- ous, drawn by the presence of this Croesus, and Ulrich was just saying: r
"There are several thousand occupations in which people lose themselves, where they invest all their wits. But ifyou are looking for the universal human element, for what they all have in common, there are really only three possibilities left: stupidity, money, or, at most, some leftover memory of religion. "
"Quite right, religion! " Arnheim broke in emphatically, and asked Ulrich whether he really believed that it had all died out, down to the roots. He had stressed the word "religion" so loudly that Count Leinsdorfwas bound to hear.
His Grace seemed to· have come to terms, meanwhile, with Di- otima, for led by her he now approached the group, which tactfully made way, and addressed Arnheim.
Ulrich suddenly found himself alone, and bit his lip.
He began, for some reason-perhaps to kill time or not to stand there so awkwardly-to think of the drive to this meeting. As a man who moved with the times, Count Leinsdorf, who had brought him along, owned several cars, but inasmuch as he also dung to tradition, he occasionally used a pair of superb chestnut horses that he kept, together with a coachman and a light carriage; so when his major- domo had come for his instructions, His Grace had decided that it would be fitting to drive these two beautiful, almost historical crea- tures to the inaugural meeting of the Parallel Campaign.
"This one is Pepi, and that one is Hans," Count Leinsdorfhad ex- plained on the way, as they watcheo the dancing brown hillocks of the horses' cruppers and now and then one of the nodding heads moving rhythmically sideways so thatthe foam fleW from its mouth. It was hard-to comprehend what was going on inside the animals; it was a beautiful morning and they moved at a fast trot. Perhaps fod- der and speed were the only passions left to horses, since Pepi and Hans were geldings and knew nothing of love as a tangible desire, but only as a breath and a haze that sometimes· veiled their vision of the world with thin, lucent clouds. The passion for fodder was pre- served in a marble manger full of delicious oats, a hayrack full of fresh hay, the sound ofthe stable halter rubbing on its ring, and, con- centrated in the warm, steamy stable smell, a, spicy, steady aroma
needled with the ammonia-charged strong sense of self: Here are horses! Speed was something else again. In this, the poor soul is still bound to the herd, where motion suddenly takes possession of the lead st8llion, or all of them together, and the lot of them goes gallop- ing off into the wind and the sun; for when the animal is alone and free to charge offto all four points ofthe compass, often a mad shud- der will run through its skull and it will go storming off aimlessly, plunging into a terrible freedom as empty in one <lirection as an- other, until it comes to a bewildered halt and can be lured back with a bucket of oats. Pepi and Hans were well-trained· horses, used to running in harness; they movwd forward eagerly, their hooves beat- ing the sunny street fenced in by houses. People were gray swarms for them, causing them neither joy nor fear; the bright window dis- plays, the women parading in their colorful finery-patches of meadow no good for grazing; hats, neckties, books, diamonds along the street: a desert. Only the two dream-islands of stable and trotting rose up, and sometimes, as though in a dream or in play, Hans and Pepi shied at a shadow, pressed against the shafts, were revived by a flick of the whip, and leaned gratefully into the reins.
Suddenly Count Leinsdorfhad sat up straight in the cushions and asked Ulrich: "Stallburg tells me, Herr Doktor, that you are taking an interest in someone? " Ulrich was so taken by surprise that he did not immediately grasp the connection, and Leinsdorf went on: "Very good of you. I know all about it. I'm afraid there's not much to be done-such a terrible fellow. But that intangible personal something in need of grace, which every Christian has in him, often shows itself in just such an individual. And when a man sets out to do something great, he should think most humbly of the helpless. Perhaps this fel- low can be given another physical examination. "
After Count Leinsdorf had delivered himself of this long speech, sitting upright in the jolting carriage, ·he let himself drop back into the upholstery and added: "But we cannot forget that at this moment we owe all our energies to the realization of a historic event! "
Ulrich really felt a liking for this nai've old aristocrat, who was standing there still talking with Diotima and Arnheim, and felt al- most a twinge ofjealousy. For the conversation seemed to be quite lively; Diotima was smiling; Count Leinsdorf's eyes were popping with alarm as he tried to follow Amheim, who was holding forth with
Pseudorealtty Prevails · 187
188 • THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
noble composure. Ulrich caught the phrase "bringing ideas into the spheres of power. " He could not stand Arnheim, simply as a model of existence, on principle. This combination of intellect, business; good living, and learning was absolutely insufferable. He was con- vinced that Arnheim had organized everything the previous evening so that he would be neither the first nor the last to arrive at the ses- sion this morning; and yet he had certainly not looked at his watch before he left home but had probably done so for the last time before sitting down to breakfast and receiving the report of his secretlli)', who had handed him the mail; then he had transformed the time at his disposal into the precise amount of mental activity he intended to do before he had to leave, and when he dispassionately gave himself up to that activity, he was certain·it would fill up the time exactly; for the right thing and . the time it takes are mysteriously connected, like a sculpture and the space it inhabits; or a javelin thrower and the target he hits without looking at it. Ulrich had already heard a great deal about Amheim and had read some of his works. In one of them, Arnheim had written that a man who inspects his suit in the mirror is incapable of fearless conduct, because the mirror, originally created to give pleasure-as Arnheim explained it-had become an instru- ment of anxiety, like the clock, which is a substitute for the fact that our activities no longer follow a natural sequence.
Ulrich had to force himself to look away in order not to be seen staring rudely at the nearby group, and his eyes came to rest on the little maid who was moving about among the chatting groups, offer_. ing refreshments with respectful glances. But little Rachel did not notice him; she had forgotten him and even neglected to bring her tray over to him. She was approaching Arnheim and presenting her refreshments to him as to a god; she longed to kiss the shorj:, ·master- ful hand that reached out for the lemonade and held the glass ab- senttnindedly, without the nabob's taking a sip. Once this high point was passed she continued on her rounds like a dazed ~ttle robot and made her way as quickly as she could out of this world-historical room, where everything was filled with legs and talk, back into the hall again.
44
CONTINUA TION AND CONCLUSION OF THE GREAT SESSION. ULRICH TAKES A LIKING TO RACHEL, AND RACHEL TO SOLIMAN. THE PARALLEL CAMPAIGN GETS ORGANIZED
Ulrich liked girls like this: ambitious, well-behaved, in their well- trained timidity like little fruit trees whose sweet ripe fruit is des- tined to fall one day into the mouth of some young knight of Cockaigne as soon as he deigns to open his lips. ''They have to be brave and tough," he thought, "like Stone Age women who shared their hunter's bed by night and carried his weapons and household gear on marches by day," although he himself had never gone on such an expedition except in the distant prehistoric age of his awak- ening manhood. With a sigh he sat down again, for the session had resumed. In remembering, he was struck that the black-and-white vestments one put on these maids were the same colors as nuns' h_ab- its; this had never occurred to him before, and he wondered at it. But the divine Diotima was speaking again, saying that the Parallel Cam- paign must culminate in a great symbol. That meant that it would not do to have just any sort of goal, no matter how widely visible, no mat- ter how patriotic. This goal would have to seize the heart of the' world. It could not be just practical, it also had to be a poem. It had to be a landmark. It had to be a mirror in which the world would see itself and blush. And not just blush but, as in a fairy tale, see its own true countenance and never again be able to forget it. His Grace had suggested for this symhoi "Emperor of Peace. "
This being the premise, there could be no mistaking that the suggestions considered thus far had been wide of the mark, Diotima went on. When she spoke of symbols earlier in the meeting, she had naturally meant not soup kitchens but that nothing less was at stake than the need to recover that unity of mankind that had been lost because the disparity of interests in society had grown so great. The
190 • THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
question arises whether at the present time the peoples of today are still at all capable of such great, unifying ide. as? All the suggestions made so far were splendid, of course, but they diverged so widely, which already showed that none of them had unifying power.
As she spoke, Ulrich was watching Arnheim. His dislike did not attach its~lfto any particular details of that physiognomy but quite simply to the totality. Not that the individual features-the industrial baron's hard Phoenician skull, the sharp face that seemed to be formed of too little material, so that it had a certain flatness, the lordly, English-tailor repbse of the figure, and, at the second place where a man peeks out of his suit, the rather too-short-fingered hands-were not in themselves sufficiently noteworthy. What ir" ritated Ulrich was the harmony in which all of this coexisted. Arn- heim's books also had the same kind ofself-assurance; the world was in order, as soon as Arnheim had given it his due consideration. As he sat watching Arnheim being so dramatically attentive to the foolish- ness they were having to sit through, Ulrich suddenly felt a slum kid's impulse to throw rocks or mud at this man who had grown up in all that wealth and perfection. Arnheim was drinking it all in like a con- noisseur whose face says: Without going overboard, I must say this is a noble vintage!
Diotima had now come to the end of her speech. Right after the intermission, when they had all sat down again, everyone had looked confident that something conclusive was about to occur. Nobody had given it any real thought, but they all had that look of waiting for something important to happen. And now Diotima concluded: So when the question imposed itselfwhether the present time and the peoples of today's world were at all capable of such great, unifying ideas, . it was necessary and proper to add: The idea of the power to redeem. For it was a question of redemption, of a redeeming up- surge. In short: even if we could not yet imagine it in any detail. It must come out of the total community, or it would not come at all. And so she would take it upon herself, after having consulted with His Grace, to conclude today's meeting with the following proposal: As His Grace had rightly observed, the august ministerial depart- ments already represented a division of the world in accordance with its main aspects, such as religion and education, commerce, industry, law, and so on. Ifthose present would therefore agree to set up com-
mittees, each headed by a delegate from a government department, with representatives of the respective institutions and sectors of the population at his side, the resulting organization would already em- body the major moral forces of the world in their proper order and would serve as an instrument through which these forces could flow in and be filtered. The final determination would be made by an ex- ecutive committee, and the entire structure would then need only several special committees and subcommittees, such as a publicity committee, a fund-raising committee, and the like, while she would like to reserve to herself personally the forming of a special commit- tee for the further elaboration of the campaign's fundamental ideas, of course in constant cooperati~nwith all the other committees.
Again there was a general silence, but this time of palpable relief. Count Leinsdorf nodded his head several times. Someone asked as a point of further clarification how the specifically Austrian note would come into the campaign as thus conceived.
In response to this question, General Stumm von Bordwehr rose to speak, even though all the preceding speakers had remained seated. He was well aware, he said, that the. soldier's role in the coun- cil chamber was a modest one. Ifhe spoke nevertheless, it was not to inject his own opinion into the unsurpassable critical remarks and suggestions already made, all of them excellent, but only to offer one more idea at the end, for everyone's indulgent consideration. The planned demonstration was intended to impress the outside world. But what impressed the outside world was the power of a people. And in view of the present situation in the European family of na- tions, as His Grace had said, a demonstration of this kind would cer- tainly not be pointless. The idea of the state was, after all, the idea of power; as Treitschke said, the state is the power of self-preservation in the struggle for national survival. The general was only touching on a well-known sore spot in mentioning the condition of our artil- lery and our navy, both in unsatisfactory condition owing to the apa- thy of Parliament. Which is why he hoped they would consider, in case no other goal should be found, which was still an open question, that a broadly based popular concern with the problems of the army and its equipment would be a decidedly worthy aim. Si vis pacem, para bellum/ Strength in peace wards off war, or at least shortens its span. He could therefore confidently maintain that
Pseudoreality Prevails · I g I
192 • THE MAN WITHOUT QUALITIES
steps taken in that direction would have a conciliatory effect on other nations and would make for an impressive demonstration of peace- able intentions.
At this moment there was a curious feeling in the room. Most of those present had at first felt that this speech was not in keeping with the meeting's real purpose, but as the General became more domi- nant acoustically, the effect on his listeners was like the reassuring tramp ofwell-ordered battalions. The original impulse of the Parallel Campaign, "Better than Prussia," shyly raised its head, as though some distant regimental band were trumpeting the march about Prince Eugene riding against the Turks, or the anthem "God Save the Emperor," . . . though ofcourse ifHis Grace had now stood up to propose-as he was far from intending to do-that they should put their Prussian brother Amheim at the head of the regimental band, they might have believed, in the state of vague exaltation in whic~ they found themselves, that they were hearing the Prussian anthem instead, and would hardly have been able to object.
At the keyhole, "Rachelle" reported: "Now they're talking about war. "
Her quick return to the hall at the end of the intermission owed a little to the fact that this time Amheim had actually brought Soliman in his wake. As bad weather was threatening, the little African boy had followed his master, carrying an overcoat. When Rachel opened the door he had made an impudent face, since he was a spoiled young Berliner who was used to women fussing over him in a way he had not yet learned to take advantage of. But Rachel had assumed that he must be spoken tq in his native African language; it simply never occurred to her to try German. Since she absolutely had to make herself understood, she had put her arm around the sixteen- year-old's shoulder and pointed the way to the kitchen, where she gave him a chair and pushed in front of him whatever cakes and drinks were within reach. She had never done this sort ofthing in her life, and when she straightened up from the table her heart was pounding like sugar being pulverized in a mortar.
'What's your name? " Soliman asked; so he spoke Germani "Rachelle, Rachel," she said, and ran off.
In the kitchen, Soliman made the most of the cake, wine, and hors
d'oeuvres, lit a cigarette, and started a conversation with the cook.
Seeing this when she came back from waiting on the guests gave Ra- chel a stab.
"In there," she said, "they'll be talking about something very im- portant again any minute now. "
But Soliman was not impressed, and the cook, an older woman, laughed.
"It might even mean war! " Rachel added excitedly-and was able to cap this a little later with her news from the keyhole that it had almost reached that point.
Soliman pricked up his ears. "Are there any Austrian generals in there? " pe asked.
"See for yourself," Rachel said. "There's one, at least. " And they went together to the keyhole.
Their glance fell now on some white paper, then on a nose; a big shadow passed by, a ring flashed. Life broke up into bright details. Green baize stretching away like a lawn; a white hand at rest some- where, without a context, pale as in a waxworks; peering in slantwise, one could see the golden tassel of the General's sword gleaming in a comer. Even the pampered Soliman showed some excitement. Seen through the crack of a door and an imagination, life swelled to weird and fairy-tale dimensions. The stooping position made the blood buzz in one's ears, and the voices behind the door now rumbled like falling rocks, now glided as on greased planks. Rachel slowly straight- ened up. The floor seemed to heave under her feet; she was en- veloped by the spirit of the occasion as though she had put her head under one of those black cloths used by conjurors and photogra- phers. Soliman stood up too, and the blood drained fluttering from their heads. The little black boy smiled, and behind his bluish lips his scarlet gums shimmered.
While this instant in the hall, among the hanging overcoats of in- fluential personages, faded slowly like a bugle call, a resolution was being passed in the conference room after Count Leinsdorf had thanked the General for his important and valuable suggestions, though the time had not yet come for examining proposals on their merits, as the organizational groundwork must be laid first. To this end, all that was needed now-apart from suiting the plan to the realities as represented by the ministries-was a final resolution to the effect that those present had unanimously agreed to submit the
Pseudoreality Prevails · 193
194 · THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
wishes of the people, as soon as these could be determined by the Parallel Campaign, to His Majesty, with the most humble petition to be allowed to dispose freely of the means for their material fulfill- ment (which would have to be raised by then) if such were His Maj- esty's most gracious pleasure.
This had the advantage that the people would be placed in the po- sition of setting the worthiest possible aim for themselves, but through the agency of the Sovereign's most gracious will. The resolu- tion was passed at His Grace's special request; for although it was only a matter of form, he considered it important that the people not take action on their own and without the consent of constitutional authority-not even to honor it.
The other participants would not have made such a point of this, but by the same token they had no objection to it. And it was in order, too, that the meeting should end. with the passing of a resolu- tion. For whether one set~ a final period to a brawl with a knife, or ends a musical piece by crashing all ten fingers simultaneously down on the keyboard a few times, or whether the dancer bows to his lady, or whether one passes a resolution, it would be an uncanny world if events simply slunk off, if there were not a final ceremony to assure that they had indeed taken place. And that is why it is done.
45
SILENT ENCOUNTER OF TWO MOUNTAIN PEAKS
When the session was over, Arnheim had quietly maneuvered, at a hint from Diotima, to be left behind, alone. Section ChiefTuzzi was observing a respectful margin of time to be sure of not retUrning home before the end of the session.
In these minutes between the departure of the guests and the set- tling down ofthe house, as her passage from room to room was inter-
rupted by brief, sometimes conflicting, orders, considerations, and the general unrest that a fading great event leaves behind, Arnheim smiled as his eyes followed Diotima's movements. She felt that her domicile was in a state of tremulous movement; all the things that had had to abandon their customary places because of the great event returned piece by piece, like a big wave ebbing from the sand in countless little hollowS and runnels. While Arnheim waited in ur- bane silence until she and the commotion around her settled down again, it struck Diotima that no matter how many people had gone in and out ofher house, no man-other than Section ChiefTuzzi-had ever been so domestically ·alone with her that one palpably felt the mute life of the empty apartment. And suddenly her chaste mind was troubled by a bizarre notion: her empty apartment, in the absence of even her husband, seemed like a pair of trousers Arnheim had just slipped into. There are such moments, when chastity itself may be visited by such abortive flashes from the pit of darkness, and so the wonderful dream of a love in which body and soul are entirely one bloomed in Diotima.
Arnheim had no inkling of this. His trousers made an impeccably perpendicular line to the gleaming parquet; his momingcoat, his cra- vat, his serenely smilirig patrician head, said nothing, so perfect were they. Actually, he had intended to complain to Diotima ·about the incident on his arrival, to make sure that no such thing happened in future. But there was at this moment something that made this man, who hobnobbed with American money magnates as an equal, who had been received by emperors and k;ings, this nabob who could offer any woman her weight in platinum, something that made him, instead ofcomplaining, stare entranced at Diotima, whose name was really Ermelinda, or actually only Hermine Tuzzi, the mere wife of a ranking official. For this something it is here once again necessary to resort to the word "soul. "
The word has already turned up more than once, though not in the clearest contexts; as, for instance, something lost in our time, or in- compatible with civilization; as something at odds with physical urges and connubial habits; something that is moved, and not only to re- pugnance, by a murderer; something that was to be liberated by the Parallel Campaign; as a subject for religious meditations and contem- platio in caligtne divina by Count Leinsdorf; as, with many people, a
Pseudoreality Prevails · 195
196 · THE MAN WITH0UT QUALITIES
love ofmetaphor; and so'on. The most peculiarofall the peculiarities of the word "soul," however, is that young people cannot pronounce it without laughing. Even Diotima and Amheim were shy of using it without a modifier, for it is still possible to speak of having a great, noble, craven, daring, or debased soul, but to come right out with "my soul" is something one simply cannot bring eneself to do. It is distinctly an older person's word, and this can only be understood by assuming that in the course of life people become more and more aware of something for which they urgently need a name they cannot find until they finally resort, reluctantly, to the name they had origi- nally despised.
How to describe it, then? Whether one is ~trest or in motion, what matters is not what lies ahead, what one sees, hears, wants, takes, masters. It forms a horizon, a semicircle before one, but the ends of this semicircle are joined by a string, and the plane of this string goes right through·the middle of the world. In front, the face and hands look out of it; sensations and strivings run ahead of it, and no one doubts that whatever one does·is always reasonable, or at least pas- sionate. In other words, outer circumstances call for us to act in a way everyone can understand; and if, in the toils of passion, we do some- thing incomprehensible, that too is, in its oWii way, understandable. Yet however understandable and self~contained everything seems, this is accompanied by an obscure feeling that it is only half the story. Something is not quite in balance, and a person presses forward, lik-e a tightrope walker, in order not to sway and fall. And as he presses on through life and leaves lived life behind, the life ahead and the life already lived form a wall, and his path in the end resembles the path
of a woodworm: no matter how it corkscrews forward or even back- ward, it always leaves an empty space behind it.
