Exaltation
to Glory, Ps.
Childrens - The Creation
net/2027/hvd.
32044024073470 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www.
hathitrust.
org/access_use#pd-google
? APPENDIX.
393
The Breast-plate of Aaron--Page 96. The first precious stone on the
breast-plate of the High Priest, was the Ruby, or Sardine stone; the last, the
Jasper. And when the glory of the Lord was revealed to John at Patmos,
this is the description,--" And he that sat upon the throne was to look upon
like a Jasper and a Sardine stone," (Rev. iv. 3. ) The whole family of God are
on the heart of the Great High Priest ; and God's glory--the fulness of that
glory--is there manifested. (Eph. iii. 19).
Prophecit of the Church--Page 96. Though this passage doubtless refers
to Israel in the latter days, yet it is equally true of the Church (God's family
on the earth) now. The way in which the Holy Ghost, by St. Paul, quotes
Jer. xxxi. 9, 33, in 2 Cor. vi. 16--18, is a manifest proof of this : for though
no one can question but that Jeremiah's prophecy refers to Israel's final
blessedness; yet the Spirit of God uses it in the passage quoted, in exhorta-
tion to a Church formed principally of Gentiles. Formerly many people,
forgetful of the Jew, applied all the Old Testament prophecies of blessing to
the Church ; and of later years, the extreme view on the other side has been
taken, and the Church has been overlooked, in applying every thing to Israel:
the truth partakes of both views;--the promises belong now to the Church
having the earnest,--the first-fruits of the Spirit; they belong then to the
Jew, who, when the Church shall have been translated, shall be again God's
family--a blessing to the nations. (Isa. xxvii. 6, Micah v. 7, Zech. viii. 13,
Rom. xi. 15. )
Telescopes--Page 114. The great telescope of Dr. Herschel was an iron
tube, thirty-nine feet four inches long. The concave reflecting mirror was
three inches and a half thick, and its polished surface was four feet in diameter.
It weighed upwards of two thousand pounds, and magnified 6,000 times;
and its power was such, that Dr. H. says, that when the star Sirius was
about to enter the field of the telescope, the light was equal to that on the
approach of sun rise, and upon entering the telescope, the star appeared in all
the splendour of the rising sun.
The telescope of the Earl of Rosse, which is now preparing in Parsons-
town, near Birr, his lordship's estate in Ireland, is far beyond that of Dr.
Herschel, both in the diameter and polish of the reflector, and the diameter
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-24 14:34 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. 32044024073470 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 394
APPENDIX.
and length of the tube. The speculum, or reflector, is six feet in diameter,
and so bright, that it reflects clearly a little dial the size of a watch, fifty-
two feet above it. The diameter of the tube is seven feet; its length fifty-
two feet; it is made of wood, hooped together; and, though so large, is capa-
ble, by machinery, of being moved by one man. It is not saying too much of
this wonderful effort of man, that it is in the strictest sense unique--unpa-
ralleled. Workmen of every kind are employed by Lord Rosse in his work-
shop, immediately under his own inspection.
The Planets--Page 117. Those Planets whose names are printed in large
capitals were known to the ancients, those in small capitals are of recent dis-
covery :--Georgium Sidus was discovered in 1781, by Dr. Herschel; and the
four lesser ones,--Ceres, in 1801, by Mr. Piazzi, at Palermo; Pallas, in 1802,
and Vesta, in 1807, by Dr. Olbers, at Bremen ; and Juno, by Mr. Lilienthal,
at Bremen.
TABLE OF THE PLANETS.
Names of the
Miles distant from
Annual time in
Comparative siie
Planeta.
the Sun.
going round.
with the Earth.
MERCURY . .
34,000,000
87 days 23 hrs.
1--10
VENUS. . . .
68,000,000
224
16 ?
9--10
THE EARTH .
94,000,000
365
ii
6?
MARS . . . .
143,000,000
686
0?
1--5
Vesta . . . .
223,000,000
1,335
ii
4?
/ unknown,
V but
\ very small.
Juno
250,000,000
260,135,000
1,591
0?
Ceres . . . .
1,681
12 ?
Pallas . . . .
260,145,000
1,681
ii
17 ?
JUPITER . . .
489,000,000
4,332
14 ?
? ? 1,470
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-24 14:34 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. 32044024073470 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? APPENDIX.
395
tained hourly, by throwing a long line overboard with a triangular piece of
wood fastened to it, and measuring how much line is taken out in a minute,
and then of course it is easy to calculate what would go out in an hour at the
same rate; but this is a most uncertain method, as the wind by which the
ship is impelled so varies : to obviate this, the officer or mate is supposed to
be very observant, making all due allowances for increase or decrease of wind.
A patent instrument is also now used, which, by a moveable index on a fixed
plate, indicates the quantity of space that has been passed over in a given
time; this of course must be the most correct, and yet the old-fashioned log
line, to a sailor at least, seems the most natural.
Eclipses of Jupiter's Satellites--Page 127. Roemer, a Danish astronomer,
found that the eclipses of Jupiter's satellites happened about sixteen minutes
and a quarter earlier when the earth was in one part of her orbit, than when
she was in the opposite part; and the difference of space being one hundred
and ninety millions of miles, the light must travel over this distance in
sixteen minutes and a quarter, at the prodigious velocity of a hundred and
ninety-three thousand miles in a second. --Exercises in Astronomy by the Rev.
G. T. Hall.
Prophecies of the Lord Jesus in the Psalms---Page 139. Promise of his
coming, Ps. xl. 7, 8 ; Exod. xxi. 6; Heb. x. 4, 10. Incarnation, Ps. viii. 5 ;
Heb. ii. 6, 9. Infancy, Ps. xxii. 9, 10 ; Hosea xi. 1 ; Matt. ii. 15. Life,
Ps. lxix. 4, 12, xxxi. xxxv. xxxviii. xli. xci. ; John ii. 17, xv. 25, vii. 5.
Betrayal, Ps. xli. 9, lxix. 26, cix. 8 : John xviii. 1, 18; Acts i. 20. Unjust
Trial, Ps. xxxv. 11, xxvii. 12 ; Matt. xxvi. 59, 61. Crucifixion, Ps. xviii.
1, 4, xxii. xlii. lxix. lxxxviii. ; Matt. xxvii. 46 ; Luke xxiii. 45 ; John xix.
21, xx. 25, 27. The Grave, Ps. xvi. 5, 11; Acts ii. 25, iii. 15. Resurrec-
tion, Ps. ii. 7, xvi. 10, 11, xviii. 16, 24, xlix. 15 ; Matt? xxviii. 2, 4; Eph.
i. 19, 23, ii. 1, 6 ; Rom. vi. 4 ; Acts ii. 31, xiii. 33 ; Phil. ii. 8, 9. Ascen-
sion, Ps. lxviii. 18 ; Eph. iv. 8; Acts i. 9.
Exaltation to Glory, Ps. xxiv. 4,
10, xv. ; John xvii. 4. Welcome to the right hand of Power, Ps. cxl, ii. 8 ;
Acts ii. 34 ; Phil. ii. 9 ; Eph. i. 19, 23 ; Heb. ii. 9. Intercession, Ps. ex. 4 ;
Heb. v. vi. ix. xi. xii. Return to the earth, Ps. 1. 3, 4, xcviii. 9, ex. ; Matt,
xxiv. 31; 1 Thess. iv. 16,17. Marriage of tfie Lamb, Ps. xlv. 14 ; Eph. v. 27 j
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-24 14:34 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. 32044024073470 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 396
APPENDIX.
Rev. xix. 7, xxi. 2. Final reign of the true Solomon, the Prince of Peace,
Ps. lxxii. See also a most invaluable little Companion to the Psalms, pub-
lished by Baisler, Oxford-street, price 3*.
The Whale--Page 160. The loss of the Essex is a striking proof of the power
of the whale. This vessel was fishing in the Great South Sea, between the main
continent of America and the Marquesas. A boat was out, and had succeeded
in striking a large sperm whale; but in its agony, the animal struck the
boat, and the crew, at once, were obliged to cut away their prize, and to make
all haste for their ship to repair damages. This they succeeded in ; but their
safety was short-lived : for a large whale, probably the same, rose near the
ship, as if challenging her, and with tremendous power, came with its full
force against her. Tlie ship trembled at the concussion ! The whale rose, swam
some distance a-head, and then wheeled round, and came with steady and
determined power, lashing the sea with great violence, and struck the ship
a second time. This was enough ; his victory was complete; and the ship
foundered in a very short time ; and the crew, twenty in number, took to their
boats. The subsequent history is too full of horrors to relate. A few nights
after the wreck, a large fish attacked the boat the captain was in, and well
nigli destroyed it; and, eventually, but five of the twenty men survived. This
is but a specimen of what the whale could do ; but it is an exception to the
general rule, and well calculated to fill the heart with thanksgiving, that it is
but a solitary case; for the whale fishery still goes on, and the fear of man,
and the dread of man, as God promised to Noah, is upon every beast of the
earth, and upon every fowl of the air ; upon all that moveth on the earth,
and upon every fish of the sea ; into his hands are they given. (Gen. ix. 2. )
The Nautilus--Page 192. The navies of the world, here and there, are
all built on the fish model; and the ancients, moreover, supposed mankind
learnt the art of sailing from the beautiful little Nautilus. Pope, in his
" Essay on Man," thus alludes to it:--
" The art of building, from the bee receive ;
Learn of the mole to plough; the worm, to weave :
Learn of the liTTle nauTilus to sail.
Spread the thin oar ; and catch the driving gale. "
Essay iii.
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? APPENDIX.
397
The Pigeon--Page 234. It has been justly said that the whole creation is
filled with life, and yet one finds it impossible to realize the amount, though
we may attempt to do so. Wilson, the great ornithologist, or historian of
birds, speaks of a flight of pigeons in Kentucky, that occupied a mile in
breadth, and 240 miles in length, which he thus numbers :--supposing that
each square yard of this body comprehended three pigeons, the square yards
multiplied by three, would give 2,230,272,000 birds. Again, Captain Flinden
states, in his voyage, that he met a flock of stormy petrels that could not be
less than 151,000,000. And an oflicer who visited South Shetland, in the
Antarctic regions, states that the ground in some parts was covered with
penguins, to the amount of some millions. And that nothing in the vast
creation should be without use, the very dwellings of these, and other birds,
are strewed with a rich manure of exceeding value. Who would have ever
calculated that two English merchantmen should have gone out this very
year, and that their destination should be an island far away on the coast of
Africa, from whence they are to import into this country, hundreds of tons of
this valuable manure. It will be an interesting inquiry some day to enume-
rate the thousands of tons of English shipping that are annually employed in
this and similar service. The consumption of ouano (which is the name of
this article) in this country is very great.
Vivisection--Page 259. The late Sir C. Bell has been referred to as
opposed to this wicked science. To some this may appear strange, as he once
practised it; but he could not go on. In a letter to his brother, he says, in
words never to be forgotten,--" I cannot proceed without experiments, which
are so unpleasant that I defer them. I cannot convince myself that I am
authorized in nature or religion to do those cruelties. "
The Buffalo--Page 319. " The great variety of uses to which the
Indians convert the body, and other parts of the Buffalo, are almost incredible
to the person who has not actually dwelt amongst these people, and closely studied
their modes and customs. Every part of their flesh is converted into food, in one
shape or another ; and on this they entirely subsist. The robes of the animal
are worn by the Indians instead of blankets ; their skins, when tanned, are used
as coverings for their houses, and for their beds ; undressed, they are used for
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? 398
APPENDIX.
constructing canoes ; for saddles, bridles, varrets, lassos, and thongs ; the horns
are shaped into ladles and spoons ; the brains are used for dressing the skins,
and the bones for saddle-trees, war-clubs, and scrapers for graining their robes ;
others are taken for their marrow ; their sinews are used for strings, and backs for
their bows, and for thread to string their beads, and sew their dresses ; the feet,
when boiled, make glue, by which they fasten the heads of their arrows, &c. ;
and the hair from the head and shoulders is twisted and made into halters ;
and the tail itself is used for a fly-brush. "--Catlins Letters on the North Ame-
rican Indians, vol. i. p. 262.
Insecta--Page 338. The study of insects is called Entomology. This
name is derived from the Greek word entomos, an insect, and logos, the word
or doctrine; and this word logos you will find as the formative word in all
the other classes : thus, Icthyology means the study of fishes; Ornithology, of
birds ; Conchology, of shells ; and Zoology, of animals ; this last, indeed, takes
in the whole animal kingdom. Logos is also used in other sciences : thus we
have Geology, Mineralogy, and many others.
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? HYMN.
O what a bright and blessed world
This groaning earth of ours will be,
When from its throne the tempter hurl'd,
Shall leave it all, O Lord, to Thee!
But brighter far that world above,
Where we, as we are known, shall know
And, in the sweet embrace of love,
Reign o'er this ransom'd earth below.
O blessed Lord! with weeping eyes,
That blissful hour we wait to see;
While every worm or leaf that dies
Tells of the curse, and calls for Thee.
Come, Saviour, then, o'er all below
Shine brightly from Thy throne above;
Bid heaven and earth Thy glory know
And all Creation feel Thy love.
THE END.
R. CLAY, PRINTER, BREAD STREET HILL.
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? BY THE SAME AUTHOR,
The Third Edition* of THE TABERNACLE IN THE WILDERNESS ;
the Shadow of Heavenly Things. --Four Illuminated Engravings, -with copious
Notes, &c, demy folio, bound, 15s.
THE HABITABLE GLOBE: the Frontispiece to "The Creation," printed
on Card-board, with Explanation, 6iL
THE PROGRESS OF CREATION ; forming the Plates to the Six Days, on
good drawing paper, in one sheet; price 1*.
EIGHT AFFECTIONATE ADDRESSES TO THE JEWS: with the
Texts in Hebrew, on Card-board. I. The Passover; 2. Sheaf of First Fruits ; 3. The
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6. Feast of Tabernacles; 7. The Jubilee; 8. Mounts Ebal and Gerizim. Price Is.
And (D. V. ) May 1st, the 2d edit price 6d.
* The Author proposes to publish by Subscription, in royal octavo or quarto, a New
Edition of THE TABERNACLE IN THE WILDERNESS. Subscription 7<<. 6i,
or three Copies 1/. I*.
N. B. --The Plates will be only one-third less than the present size, and equally coloured
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Subscribers' names received by Samuel Bagster and Sons, or Mr. Rhind, Ross, Here-
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? This book should be returned to
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A fine is incurred by retaining it
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Please return promptly.
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? APPENDIX.
393
The Breast-plate of Aaron--Page 96. The first precious stone on the
breast-plate of the High Priest, was the Ruby, or Sardine stone; the last, the
Jasper. And when the glory of the Lord was revealed to John at Patmos,
this is the description,--" And he that sat upon the throne was to look upon
like a Jasper and a Sardine stone," (Rev. iv. 3. ) The whole family of God are
on the heart of the Great High Priest ; and God's glory--the fulness of that
glory--is there manifested. (Eph. iii. 19).
Prophecit of the Church--Page 96. Though this passage doubtless refers
to Israel in the latter days, yet it is equally true of the Church (God's family
on the earth) now. The way in which the Holy Ghost, by St. Paul, quotes
Jer. xxxi. 9, 33, in 2 Cor. vi. 16--18, is a manifest proof of this : for though
no one can question but that Jeremiah's prophecy refers to Israel's final
blessedness; yet the Spirit of God uses it in the passage quoted, in exhorta-
tion to a Church formed principally of Gentiles. Formerly many people,
forgetful of the Jew, applied all the Old Testament prophecies of blessing to
the Church ; and of later years, the extreme view on the other side has been
taken, and the Church has been overlooked, in applying every thing to Israel:
the truth partakes of both views;--the promises belong now to the Church
having the earnest,--the first-fruits of the Spirit; they belong then to the
Jew, who, when the Church shall have been translated, shall be again God's
family--a blessing to the nations. (Isa. xxvii. 6, Micah v. 7, Zech. viii. 13,
Rom. xi. 15. )
Telescopes--Page 114. The great telescope of Dr. Herschel was an iron
tube, thirty-nine feet four inches long. The concave reflecting mirror was
three inches and a half thick, and its polished surface was four feet in diameter.
It weighed upwards of two thousand pounds, and magnified 6,000 times;
and its power was such, that Dr. H. says, that when the star Sirius was
about to enter the field of the telescope, the light was equal to that on the
approach of sun rise, and upon entering the telescope, the star appeared in all
the splendour of the rising sun.
The telescope of the Earl of Rosse, which is now preparing in Parsons-
town, near Birr, his lordship's estate in Ireland, is far beyond that of Dr.
Herschel, both in the diameter and polish of the reflector, and the diameter
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-24 14:34 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. 32044024073470 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 394
APPENDIX.
and length of the tube. The speculum, or reflector, is six feet in diameter,
and so bright, that it reflects clearly a little dial the size of a watch, fifty-
two feet above it. The diameter of the tube is seven feet; its length fifty-
two feet; it is made of wood, hooped together; and, though so large, is capa-
ble, by machinery, of being moved by one man. It is not saying too much of
this wonderful effort of man, that it is in the strictest sense unique--unpa-
ralleled. Workmen of every kind are employed by Lord Rosse in his work-
shop, immediately under his own inspection.
The Planets--Page 117. Those Planets whose names are printed in large
capitals were known to the ancients, those in small capitals are of recent dis-
covery :--Georgium Sidus was discovered in 1781, by Dr. Herschel; and the
four lesser ones,--Ceres, in 1801, by Mr. Piazzi, at Palermo; Pallas, in 1802,
and Vesta, in 1807, by Dr. Olbers, at Bremen ; and Juno, by Mr. Lilienthal,
at Bremen.
TABLE OF THE PLANETS.
Names of the
Miles distant from
Annual time in
Comparative siie
Planeta.
the Sun.
going round.
with the Earth.
MERCURY . .
34,000,000
87 days 23 hrs.
1--10
VENUS. . . .
68,000,000
224
16 ?
9--10
THE EARTH .
94,000,000
365
ii
6?
MARS . . . .
143,000,000
686
0?
1--5
Vesta . . . .
223,000,000
1,335
ii
4?
/ unknown,
V but
\ very small.
Juno
250,000,000
260,135,000
1,591
0?
Ceres . . . .
1,681
12 ?
Pallas . . . .
260,145,000
1,681
ii
17 ?
JUPITER . . .
489,000,000
4,332
14 ?
? ? 1,470
Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-24 14:34 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. 32044024073470 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? APPENDIX.
395
tained hourly, by throwing a long line overboard with a triangular piece of
wood fastened to it, and measuring how much line is taken out in a minute,
and then of course it is easy to calculate what would go out in an hour at the
same rate; but this is a most uncertain method, as the wind by which the
ship is impelled so varies : to obviate this, the officer or mate is supposed to
be very observant, making all due allowances for increase or decrease of wind.
A patent instrument is also now used, which, by a moveable index on a fixed
plate, indicates the quantity of space that has been passed over in a given
time; this of course must be the most correct, and yet the old-fashioned log
line, to a sailor at least, seems the most natural.
Eclipses of Jupiter's Satellites--Page 127. Roemer, a Danish astronomer,
found that the eclipses of Jupiter's satellites happened about sixteen minutes
and a quarter earlier when the earth was in one part of her orbit, than when
she was in the opposite part; and the difference of space being one hundred
and ninety millions of miles, the light must travel over this distance in
sixteen minutes and a quarter, at the prodigious velocity of a hundred and
ninety-three thousand miles in a second. --Exercises in Astronomy by the Rev.
G. T. Hall.
Prophecies of the Lord Jesus in the Psalms---Page 139. Promise of his
coming, Ps. xl. 7, 8 ; Exod. xxi. 6; Heb. x. 4, 10. Incarnation, Ps. viii. 5 ;
Heb. ii. 6, 9. Infancy, Ps. xxii. 9, 10 ; Hosea xi. 1 ; Matt. ii. 15. Life,
Ps. lxix. 4, 12, xxxi. xxxv. xxxviii. xli. xci. ; John ii. 17, xv. 25, vii. 5.
Betrayal, Ps. xli. 9, lxix. 26, cix. 8 : John xviii. 1, 18; Acts i. 20. Unjust
Trial, Ps. xxxv. 11, xxvii. 12 ; Matt. xxvi. 59, 61. Crucifixion, Ps. xviii.
1, 4, xxii. xlii. lxix. lxxxviii. ; Matt. xxvii. 46 ; Luke xxiii. 45 ; John xix.
21, xx. 25, 27. The Grave, Ps. xvi. 5, 11; Acts ii. 25, iii. 15. Resurrec-
tion, Ps. ii. 7, xvi. 10, 11, xviii. 16, 24, xlix. 15 ; Matt? xxviii. 2, 4; Eph.
i. 19, 23, ii. 1, 6 ; Rom. vi. 4 ; Acts ii. 31, xiii. 33 ; Phil. ii. 8, 9. Ascen-
sion, Ps. lxviii. 18 ; Eph. iv. 8; Acts i. 9.
Exaltation to Glory, Ps. xxiv. 4,
10, xv. ; John xvii. 4. Welcome to the right hand of Power, Ps. cxl, ii. 8 ;
Acts ii. 34 ; Phil. ii. 9 ; Eph. i. 19, 23 ; Heb. ii. 9. Intercession, Ps. ex. 4 ;
Heb. v. vi. ix. xi. xii. Return to the earth, Ps. 1. 3, 4, xcviii. 9, ex. ; Matt,
xxiv. 31; 1 Thess. iv. 16,17. Marriage of tfie Lamb, Ps. xlv. 14 ; Eph. v. 27 j
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-12-24 14:34 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/hvd. 32044024073470 Public Domain, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-google
? 396
APPENDIX.
Rev. xix. 7, xxi. 2. Final reign of the true Solomon, the Prince of Peace,
Ps. lxxii. See also a most invaluable little Companion to the Psalms, pub-
lished by Baisler, Oxford-street, price 3*.
The Whale--Page 160. The loss of the Essex is a striking proof of the power
of the whale. This vessel was fishing in the Great South Sea, between the main
continent of America and the Marquesas. A boat was out, and had succeeded
in striking a large sperm whale; but in its agony, the animal struck the
boat, and the crew, at once, were obliged to cut away their prize, and to make
all haste for their ship to repair damages. This they succeeded in ; but their
safety was short-lived : for a large whale, probably the same, rose near the
ship, as if challenging her, and with tremendous power, came with its full
force against her. Tlie ship trembled at the concussion ! The whale rose, swam
some distance a-head, and then wheeled round, and came with steady and
determined power, lashing the sea with great violence, and struck the ship
a second time. This was enough ; his victory was complete; and the ship
foundered in a very short time ; and the crew, twenty in number, took to their
boats. The subsequent history is too full of horrors to relate. A few nights
after the wreck, a large fish attacked the boat the captain was in, and well
nigli destroyed it; and, eventually, but five of the twenty men survived. This
is but a specimen of what the whale could do ; but it is an exception to the
general rule, and well calculated to fill the heart with thanksgiving, that it is
but a solitary case; for the whale fishery still goes on, and the fear of man,
and the dread of man, as God promised to Noah, is upon every beast of the
earth, and upon every fowl of the air ; upon all that moveth on the earth,
and upon every fish of the sea ; into his hands are they given. (Gen. ix. 2. )
The Nautilus--Page 192. The navies of the world, here and there, are
all built on the fish model; and the ancients, moreover, supposed mankind
learnt the art of sailing from the beautiful little Nautilus. Pope, in his
" Essay on Man," thus alludes to it:--
" The art of building, from the bee receive ;
Learn of the mole to plough; the worm, to weave :
Learn of the liTTle nauTilus to sail.
Spread the thin oar ; and catch the driving gale. "
Essay iii.
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? APPENDIX.
397
The Pigeon--Page 234. It has been justly said that the whole creation is
filled with life, and yet one finds it impossible to realize the amount, though
we may attempt to do so. Wilson, the great ornithologist, or historian of
birds, speaks of a flight of pigeons in Kentucky, that occupied a mile in
breadth, and 240 miles in length, which he thus numbers :--supposing that
each square yard of this body comprehended three pigeons, the square yards
multiplied by three, would give 2,230,272,000 birds. Again, Captain Flinden
states, in his voyage, that he met a flock of stormy petrels that could not be
less than 151,000,000. And an oflicer who visited South Shetland, in the
Antarctic regions, states that the ground in some parts was covered with
penguins, to the amount of some millions. And that nothing in the vast
creation should be without use, the very dwellings of these, and other birds,
are strewed with a rich manure of exceeding value. Who would have ever
calculated that two English merchantmen should have gone out this very
year, and that their destination should be an island far away on the coast of
Africa, from whence they are to import into this country, hundreds of tons of
this valuable manure. It will be an interesting inquiry some day to enume-
rate the thousands of tons of English shipping that are annually employed in
this and similar service. The consumption of ouano (which is the name of
this article) in this country is very great.
Vivisection--Page 259. The late Sir C. Bell has been referred to as
opposed to this wicked science. To some this may appear strange, as he once
practised it; but he could not go on. In a letter to his brother, he says, in
words never to be forgotten,--" I cannot proceed without experiments, which
are so unpleasant that I defer them. I cannot convince myself that I am
authorized in nature or religion to do those cruelties. "
The Buffalo--Page 319. " The great variety of uses to which the
Indians convert the body, and other parts of the Buffalo, are almost incredible
to the person who has not actually dwelt amongst these people, and closely studied
their modes and customs. Every part of their flesh is converted into food, in one
shape or another ; and on this they entirely subsist. The robes of the animal
are worn by the Indians instead of blankets ; their skins, when tanned, are used
as coverings for their houses, and for their beds ; undressed, they are used for
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? 398
APPENDIX.
constructing canoes ; for saddles, bridles, varrets, lassos, and thongs ; the horns
are shaped into ladles and spoons ; the brains are used for dressing the skins,
and the bones for saddle-trees, war-clubs, and scrapers for graining their robes ;
others are taken for their marrow ; their sinews are used for strings, and backs for
their bows, and for thread to string their beads, and sew their dresses ; the feet,
when boiled, make glue, by which they fasten the heads of their arrows, &c. ;
and the hair from the head and shoulders is twisted and made into halters ;
and the tail itself is used for a fly-brush. "--Catlins Letters on the North Ame-
rican Indians, vol. i. p. 262.
Insecta--Page 338. The study of insects is called Entomology. This
name is derived from the Greek word entomos, an insect, and logos, the word
or doctrine; and this word logos you will find as the formative word in all
the other classes : thus, Icthyology means the study of fishes; Ornithology, of
birds ; Conchology, of shells ; and Zoology, of animals ; this last, indeed, takes
in the whole animal kingdom. Logos is also used in other sciences : thus we
have Geology, Mineralogy, and many others.
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? HYMN.
O what a bright and blessed world
This groaning earth of ours will be,
When from its throne the tempter hurl'd,
Shall leave it all, O Lord, to Thee!
But brighter far that world above,
Where we, as we are known, shall know
And, in the sweet embrace of love,
Reign o'er this ransom'd earth below.
O blessed Lord! with weeping eyes,
That blissful hour we wait to see;
While every worm or leaf that dies
Tells of the curse, and calls for Thee.
Come, Saviour, then, o'er all below
Shine brightly from Thy throne above;
Bid heaven and earth Thy glory know
And all Creation feel Thy love.
THE END.
R. CLAY, PRINTER, BREAD STREET HILL.
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? BY THE SAME AUTHOR,
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