Kvinnrios,
Kulanviou
netiávov.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - a
ad Theocrit.
xvi.
49; Diet.
Cret.
ii.
12, &c.
; Rome.
(Eustath.
ad Dionys.
Peric.
526 ; Plin.
Ov. Met. xii. 144. ) Ovid adds, that the body of H. N. xxxv. 40. § 26 ; Dion Cass. liji. 27; Urlichs,
Cycnus disappeared and was changed into a swan, Beschr. der Stadt. Rom. iii. 3. p. 114. ) [L. U. ]
when Achilles came to take away his armour. CYDIPPE. [ACONTIUS. ]
3. A son of Ares and Pelopia, challenged Hera- CYDIPPUS (KÚSETTOS) of Mantineia, is men-
cles to single combat at Itone, and was killed in tioned by Clemens of Alexandria (Strom. i. p. 132)
the contest. (Apollod. ii. 7. 87; Hesiod. Scut. among those who had written on inventions (Tepl
Herc. 345, where Cycnus is a son-in-law of Ceyx, eupnuátwv); but nothing further is known about
to whom Heracles is going. )
him.
[L. S. ]
4. A son of Ares and Pyrene, was likewise CYDON (Kúdwv), the founder of the town of
killed by Heracles in single combat. (Apollod. ii. Cydonia in Crete. According to a tradition of
5. $11; Schol. ad Pind. 01. xi. 19. ) At his Tegea, he was a son of Tegeates or of Hermes by
death he was changed by his father Ares into a Acacallis, the daughter of Minos, whereas others
swan. (Eustath. ad Hom. p. 254. ) The last two described him as a son of Apollo by Acacallis.
personages are often confounded with each other, (Paus. viii. 53. & 2; Steph. Byz. s. v. Kudwvía ;
on account of the resern blance existing between Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iv. 1491. ) [L. S. ]
the stories about them. (Schol. ad Pind. Ol. ii. CYDO'NIA (Kvôwvia), a surname of Athena,
147, ad Aristoph. Ran. 963; Hygin. Fab. 31; under which she had a temple at Phrixa in Elis,
Athen. ix. p. 393. )
which was said to have been built by Clymenus of
5. A son of Sthenelus, king of the Ligurians, Cydonia. (Paus. vi. 21. $ 5. )
(L. S. )
and a friend and relation of Phaëton. He was CYDO'NIUS DEMETRIUS. (DEMETRIUS. )
the father of Cinyras and Cupauo. While he was CY'LLARUS (Kútnapos), a beautiful centaur,
lamenting the fate of Phaëton on the banks the who was married to Hylonome, and was killed at
Eridanus, he was metamorphosed by Apollo into a the wedding feast of Peirithous. (Ov. Met. xii.
swan, and placed among the stars. (Ov. Met. ii. 393, &c. ) The horse of Castor was likewise called
366, &c. ; Paus. i. 30. $ 3; Serv. ad Àen. x. 189. ) Cyllarus. (Virg. Georg. iii. 90; Val. Flacc. i. 426;
A sixth personage of the name of Cycnus is men- Suidas, s. v. )
[L. S. ]
tioned by Hyginus. (Fab. 97. ) [L. S. ] CYLLEN (Kvaani), a son of Elatus, from
CYDAS (Kúbas), appears to have been a com- whom mount Cyllene in Arcadia was believed to
mon name at Gortyna in Crete. It is written in have received its name. (Paus. viii. 4. & 3. ) [L. S. ]
various wars in MSS. , but Cydas seems to be the CYLLENE (Kuannwn), a nymph, who became
most correct form. (See Drakenborch, ad Lir. the mother of Lycaon by Pelasgus. (Apollod. iii.
xxxiii. 3, slir. 13. )
8. S 1. ) According to others, she was the wife of
1. The commander of 500 of the Cretan Gorty- Lycaon. (Dionys. Hal. A. R. i. 13. ) [L. S. ]
nii, joined Quinctius Flamininus in Thessaly in CYLLE'NIUS (Kvarnvios), a surname of Her-
B. c. 197. (Liv. xxxiii. 3. ) This Cydas may be mes, which he derived from mount Cyllene in
the same as the Cydas, the son of Anticalces, who Arcadia, where he had a temple (Paus viii. 17.
was cosnus or supreme magistrate at Gortyna, $1), or from the circumstance of Maia having
when a Roman embassy visited the island about given birth to him on that mountain. (Virg. Aen.
B. C. 184, and composed the differences which viii. 139, &c. )
[L. S. ]
existed between the inhabitants of Gortyna and CYLLE'NIUS (Kvarnvios), the author of two
Cnossis. (Polyb. xxxiii. 15. )
epigrams in the Greek Anthology (Brunck, Anal.
2. A Cretan, the friend of Eumenes, wo at- ii. p. 282 ; Jacobs, ii. p. 257), of whom nothing
tempted to negotiate a peace between Eumenes more is known. His name is spelt differently in
## p. 911 (#931) ############################################
CYNAEGEIRUS.
911
CYNOSURA.
were very numerous.
the MSS. of the Anthology, KalAviou, KuaAviou, I lands, hangs on by his teeth, and even in his riu.
Kvinnrios, Kulanviou netiávov. (Jacobs, Anth. tilated state fights desperately with the last men-
(irvec. vol. xiii. p. 878. )
[P. S. )
tioned weapons,
* like a rabid wild beast! "
CILON (Kulwv), an Athenian of noble family (llerod. vi. 114; Suid. s. r. Kuvaiyespos; Just. ii.
and commanding presence, won the prize for the 9; Val. Max. iii. 2. § 22; comp. Sueton. Jul.
deuble course (viavaus) at the Olympic games, in 68. ).
(E. E. )
B. C. 610, and married the daughter of Theagenes, OYVAETIUS. (CINAETH US. ]
tyrant of Memur. Excited apparently and en- CYNANE, CYNA, Or CYNNA (Κυνάνη,
couraged by these advantages, and especially by Kúra, Kúrva), was half-sister to Alexander the
his powerful alliance, he conceived the design of Great, and daughter of Philip by Audata, an
making himself tyrant of Athens, and having con- Illyrian woman. ller father gave her in marriage
sulted the Delpliic oracle on the subject, was to her cousin Amyntas, by whose death she was
enjoined to scize the Acropolis at the principal left a widow in B. c. 336. [AMYNTAS, No. 3. ]
festival of Zeus. Imagining that this must seter, In the following year Alexander promised her
not to the Athenian Acaria (see Dict. of Ant. p. hand, as a reward for his services, to Langarus,
333), but to the Olympic games, at which he had king of the Agrianians, but the intended bride-
50 distinguished himself, he made the attempt Eroom was carried off by sickness. Cynane con-
during the celebration of the latter, and gained tinued unmarried, and employed herself in the
posscssion of the citadel with his partizans, who education of her daughter, Adea or Eurydice,
Here, however, they were whom she is said to bave trained, after the manner
closely besieged, the operations against them of her own education, to martial exercises. When
being conducted, according to Thucydides, by the Arrhidaeus was chosen king, B. C. 323, Cynane
nine archons ; according to Herodotus, by the determined to marry Eurydice to him, and crossed
Prytanes of the Naucrari. (See Dict. of Ant. p. over to Asia accordingly. Her influence was pro-
63%; Arnold's Thucydides, vol. i. Append. iii. p. bably great, and her project alarmed Perdiccas
664. ) At length, pressed by famine, they were and Antipater, the former of whom sent her brother
driven to take refuge at the altar of Athena, whence Alcetas to meet her on her way and put her to
they were induced to withdraw by the archon death. Alcetas did so in defiance of the feelings
Megacles, the Alcmaeonid, on a promise that their of his troops, and Cynane met her doom with an
lives should be spared. But their enemies put undaunted spirit. In B. c. 317, Cassander, after
them to death as soon as they had them in their defeating Olympias, buried Cynane with Eurydice
power, some of them being murdered even at the and Arrhidaeus at Aegae, the royal burying-place.
altar of the Eumenides. Plutarch relates besides (Arr. Anab. i. 5, ap. Phot. p. 70, ed. Bekk. ; Satyr.
that the suppliants, by way of keeping themselves op. Athen. xiii p. 557, c. ; Diod. xix. 52 ; Polyaen.
under the protection of Athena, fastened a line to viii. 60; Perizon. ad Ael. V. 11. xiii. 36. ) [E. E. ]
her statue and held it as they passed from her CYNISCA (Kuvioka), daughter of Archidamus
shrine. When they had reached the temple of 11. king of Sparta, so named after her grandfather
the Eumenides the line broke, and Megacles and Zeuxidamus, who was also called Cyniscus. (Herod.
his colleagues scized on the accident as a proof vi. 71. ) She was the first woman who kept horses
that the goddess had rejected their supplication, for the games, and the first who gained an Olym-
and that they might therefore be massacred in full pian victory. (Paus. iii. 8. $ 1. ) Pausanias men-
accordance with religion. Thucydides and the tions an epigram by an unknown author in her
Scholiast on Aristophanes (Eq. 413) tell us, that honour, which is perhaps the same as the inscrip-
Cylon himself escaped with his brother before the tion he speaks of (vi. 1. $ 2) in his account of her
surrender of his adherents. According to Suidas, monument at Olympia. This was a group of
he was dragged from the altar of the Eumenides, sculpture representing Cynisca with a chariot,
where he had taken refuge, and was murdered. charioteer, and horses, — the work of Apellas.
Herodotus also implies that he was slain with the [APELLAS. ) There were also figures of her borses
rest. His party is said by Plutarch to have re- in brass in the temple of Olympian Zeus (Paus.
covered their strength after his death, and to have v. 12. & 3), and at Sparta she had near the gym-
continued the struggle with the Alcmaeonidae up nasium, called the Platanistas, an heroum. (iii.
to the time of Solon. The date of Cylon's attempt | 15. sl. )
[A. H. C. )
is uncertain. Corsini gives, as a conjecture, B. C. CYNO. [Cyrus. ]
612; while Clinton, also conjecturally, assigns it CYNOBELLI'NUS, one of the kings of Britain
to 620. (Herod. v. 71; Thucyd. i. 126; Suid. s. v. in the reign of Claudius, the capital of whose
Kulúverov ayos ; Plut. Sul. 12; Paus. i. 28, 40, kingdom was Camalodunum. (Colchester or Mal-
(E. E. ) don. ) He was the father of Caractacus, Togo-
CYNA. [CYXANE. ]
dumnus, and Adminius. (Dion Cass. lx. 20, 21;
CYNAEGEI'RUS (Kuvalye:pos), son of Eu- Suet. Cul. 44 ; Oros. vii. 5. )
phorion and brother of the poet Aeschylus, distin- CYNORTES or CYNORTAS (Kuvópons), a
guished himself by his ralour at the battle of son of Amyclas by Diomede, and brother of Hya-
Marathon, B. C. 490. According to Herodotus, cinthus. After the death of his brother Argalus,
when the Persians had fled and were endeavour- he became king of Sparta and father of Oebalus or
ing to escape by sea, Cynaegeirns seized one of of Perieres. His tomb was shown at Sparta not
their ships to keep it back, but fell with his right far from the Scias. (Paus. iii. 1. § 3, 13. $ 1;
hand cut off. The story lost nothing by transmis Apollod. iii. 10. § 3; Schol. ad Eurip. Orest.
sion. The next version related that Cynargeirus, 447. ).
[L. S. ]
on the loss of his right hand, grasped the enemy's CÝNOSLÄRA (Kuvodovká), an Idacan nymph
vessel with his left; and at lengih we arrive at and one of the nurses of Zeus, who placed her
the acme of the ludicrous in the account of Justin. among the stars. (Hygin. Poct. Astr. ii. 2; Arat,
Here the hero, having successively lost both his Phuen. 35 ; Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i. 246. ) [L. S. ]
:
vii. 25. )
## p. 912 (#932) ############################################
912
CYPRIANUS.
CYPRIANUS.
CYNTIIA and CY'NTHIUS (Kuvoia and with his clergy concerning various matters of dis-
Kúre. os), surnames respectively of Artemis and cipline, much of his attention being occupied, as
Apollo, which they derived from mount Cynthus the violence of the persecution began to abate, by
in the island of Delos, their birthplace. (Callim. the fierce controversies which arose with regard to
Hymn. in Del. 10; Hor. Carm.
Ov. Met. xii. 144. ) Ovid adds, that the body of H. N. xxxv. 40. § 26 ; Dion Cass. liji. 27; Urlichs,
Cycnus disappeared and was changed into a swan, Beschr. der Stadt. Rom. iii. 3. p. 114. ) [L. U. ]
when Achilles came to take away his armour. CYDIPPE. [ACONTIUS. ]
3. A son of Ares and Pelopia, challenged Hera- CYDIPPUS (KÚSETTOS) of Mantineia, is men-
cles to single combat at Itone, and was killed in tioned by Clemens of Alexandria (Strom. i. p. 132)
the contest. (Apollod. ii. 7. 87; Hesiod. Scut. among those who had written on inventions (Tepl
Herc. 345, where Cycnus is a son-in-law of Ceyx, eupnuátwv); but nothing further is known about
to whom Heracles is going. )
him.
[L. S. ]
4. A son of Ares and Pyrene, was likewise CYDON (Kúdwv), the founder of the town of
killed by Heracles in single combat. (Apollod. ii. Cydonia in Crete. According to a tradition of
5. $11; Schol. ad Pind. 01. xi. 19. ) At his Tegea, he was a son of Tegeates or of Hermes by
death he was changed by his father Ares into a Acacallis, the daughter of Minos, whereas others
swan. (Eustath. ad Hom. p. 254. ) The last two described him as a son of Apollo by Acacallis.
personages are often confounded with each other, (Paus. viii. 53. & 2; Steph. Byz. s. v. Kudwvía ;
on account of the resern blance existing between Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iv. 1491. ) [L. S. ]
the stories about them. (Schol. ad Pind. Ol. ii. CYDO'NIA (Kvôwvia), a surname of Athena,
147, ad Aristoph. Ran. 963; Hygin. Fab. 31; under which she had a temple at Phrixa in Elis,
Athen. ix. p. 393. )
which was said to have been built by Clymenus of
5. A son of Sthenelus, king of the Ligurians, Cydonia. (Paus. vi. 21. $ 5. )
(L. S. )
and a friend and relation of Phaëton. He was CYDO'NIUS DEMETRIUS. (DEMETRIUS. )
the father of Cinyras and Cupauo. While he was CY'LLARUS (Kútnapos), a beautiful centaur,
lamenting the fate of Phaëton on the banks the who was married to Hylonome, and was killed at
Eridanus, he was metamorphosed by Apollo into a the wedding feast of Peirithous. (Ov. Met. xii.
swan, and placed among the stars. (Ov. Met. ii. 393, &c. ) The horse of Castor was likewise called
366, &c. ; Paus. i. 30. $ 3; Serv. ad Àen. x. 189. ) Cyllarus. (Virg. Georg. iii. 90; Val. Flacc. i. 426;
A sixth personage of the name of Cycnus is men- Suidas, s. v. )
[L. S. ]
tioned by Hyginus. (Fab. 97. ) [L. S. ] CYLLEN (Kvaani), a son of Elatus, from
CYDAS (Kúbas), appears to have been a com- whom mount Cyllene in Arcadia was believed to
mon name at Gortyna in Crete. It is written in have received its name. (Paus. viii. 4. & 3. ) [L. S. ]
various wars in MSS. , but Cydas seems to be the CYLLENE (Kuannwn), a nymph, who became
most correct form. (See Drakenborch, ad Lir. the mother of Lycaon by Pelasgus. (Apollod. iii.
xxxiii. 3, slir. 13. )
8. S 1. ) According to others, she was the wife of
1. The commander of 500 of the Cretan Gorty- Lycaon. (Dionys. Hal. A. R. i. 13. ) [L. S. ]
nii, joined Quinctius Flamininus in Thessaly in CYLLE'NIUS (Kvarnvios), a surname of Her-
B. c. 197. (Liv. xxxiii. 3. ) This Cydas may be mes, which he derived from mount Cyllene in
the same as the Cydas, the son of Anticalces, who Arcadia, where he had a temple (Paus viii. 17.
was cosnus or supreme magistrate at Gortyna, $1), or from the circumstance of Maia having
when a Roman embassy visited the island about given birth to him on that mountain. (Virg. Aen.
B. C. 184, and composed the differences which viii. 139, &c. )
[L. S. ]
existed between the inhabitants of Gortyna and CYLLE'NIUS (Kvarnvios), the author of two
Cnossis. (Polyb. xxxiii. 15. )
epigrams in the Greek Anthology (Brunck, Anal.
2. A Cretan, the friend of Eumenes, wo at- ii. p. 282 ; Jacobs, ii. p. 257), of whom nothing
tempted to negotiate a peace between Eumenes more is known. His name is spelt differently in
## p. 911 (#931) ############################################
CYNAEGEIRUS.
911
CYNOSURA.
were very numerous.
the MSS. of the Anthology, KalAviou, KuaAviou, I lands, hangs on by his teeth, and even in his riu.
Kvinnrios, Kulanviou netiávov. (Jacobs, Anth. tilated state fights desperately with the last men-
(irvec. vol. xiii. p. 878. )
[P. S. )
tioned weapons,
* like a rabid wild beast! "
CILON (Kulwv), an Athenian of noble family (llerod. vi. 114; Suid. s. r. Kuvaiyespos; Just. ii.
and commanding presence, won the prize for the 9; Val. Max. iii. 2. § 22; comp. Sueton. Jul.
deuble course (viavaus) at the Olympic games, in 68. ).
(E. E. )
B. C. 610, and married the daughter of Theagenes, OYVAETIUS. (CINAETH US. ]
tyrant of Memur. Excited apparently and en- CYNANE, CYNA, Or CYNNA (Κυνάνη,
couraged by these advantages, and especially by Kúra, Kúrva), was half-sister to Alexander the
his powerful alliance, he conceived the design of Great, and daughter of Philip by Audata, an
making himself tyrant of Athens, and having con- Illyrian woman. ller father gave her in marriage
sulted the Delpliic oracle on the subject, was to her cousin Amyntas, by whose death she was
enjoined to scize the Acropolis at the principal left a widow in B. c. 336. [AMYNTAS, No. 3. ]
festival of Zeus. Imagining that this must seter, In the following year Alexander promised her
not to the Athenian Acaria (see Dict. of Ant. p. hand, as a reward for his services, to Langarus,
333), but to the Olympic games, at which he had king of the Agrianians, but the intended bride-
50 distinguished himself, he made the attempt Eroom was carried off by sickness. Cynane con-
during the celebration of the latter, and gained tinued unmarried, and employed herself in the
posscssion of the citadel with his partizans, who education of her daughter, Adea or Eurydice,
Here, however, they were whom she is said to bave trained, after the manner
closely besieged, the operations against them of her own education, to martial exercises. When
being conducted, according to Thucydides, by the Arrhidaeus was chosen king, B. C. 323, Cynane
nine archons ; according to Herodotus, by the determined to marry Eurydice to him, and crossed
Prytanes of the Naucrari. (See Dict. of Ant. p. over to Asia accordingly. Her influence was pro-
63%; Arnold's Thucydides, vol. i. Append. iii. p. bably great, and her project alarmed Perdiccas
664. ) At length, pressed by famine, they were and Antipater, the former of whom sent her brother
driven to take refuge at the altar of Athena, whence Alcetas to meet her on her way and put her to
they were induced to withdraw by the archon death. Alcetas did so in defiance of the feelings
Megacles, the Alcmaeonid, on a promise that their of his troops, and Cynane met her doom with an
lives should be spared. But their enemies put undaunted spirit. In B. c. 317, Cassander, after
them to death as soon as they had them in their defeating Olympias, buried Cynane with Eurydice
power, some of them being murdered even at the and Arrhidaeus at Aegae, the royal burying-place.
altar of the Eumenides. Plutarch relates besides (Arr. Anab. i. 5, ap. Phot. p. 70, ed. Bekk. ; Satyr.
that the suppliants, by way of keeping themselves op. Athen. xiii p. 557, c. ; Diod. xix. 52 ; Polyaen.
under the protection of Athena, fastened a line to viii. 60; Perizon. ad Ael. V. 11. xiii. 36. ) [E. E. ]
her statue and held it as they passed from her CYNISCA (Kuvioka), daughter of Archidamus
shrine. When they had reached the temple of 11. king of Sparta, so named after her grandfather
the Eumenides the line broke, and Megacles and Zeuxidamus, who was also called Cyniscus. (Herod.
his colleagues scized on the accident as a proof vi. 71. ) She was the first woman who kept horses
that the goddess had rejected their supplication, for the games, and the first who gained an Olym-
and that they might therefore be massacred in full pian victory. (Paus. iii. 8. $ 1. ) Pausanias men-
accordance with religion. Thucydides and the tions an epigram by an unknown author in her
Scholiast on Aristophanes (Eq. 413) tell us, that honour, which is perhaps the same as the inscrip-
Cylon himself escaped with his brother before the tion he speaks of (vi. 1. $ 2) in his account of her
surrender of his adherents. According to Suidas, monument at Olympia. This was a group of
he was dragged from the altar of the Eumenides, sculpture representing Cynisca with a chariot,
where he had taken refuge, and was murdered. charioteer, and horses, — the work of Apellas.
Herodotus also implies that he was slain with the [APELLAS. ) There were also figures of her borses
rest. His party is said by Plutarch to have re- in brass in the temple of Olympian Zeus (Paus.
covered their strength after his death, and to have v. 12. & 3), and at Sparta she had near the gym-
continued the struggle with the Alcmaeonidae up nasium, called the Platanistas, an heroum. (iii.
to the time of Solon. The date of Cylon's attempt | 15. sl. )
[A. H. C. )
is uncertain. Corsini gives, as a conjecture, B. C. CYNO. [Cyrus. ]
612; while Clinton, also conjecturally, assigns it CYNOBELLI'NUS, one of the kings of Britain
to 620. (Herod. v. 71; Thucyd. i. 126; Suid. s. v. in the reign of Claudius, the capital of whose
Kulúverov ayos ; Plut. Sul. 12; Paus. i. 28, 40, kingdom was Camalodunum. (Colchester or Mal-
(E. E. ) don. ) He was the father of Caractacus, Togo-
CYNA. [CYXANE. ]
dumnus, and Adminius. (Dion Cass. lx. 20, 21;
CYNAEGEI'RUS (Kuvalye:pos), son of Eu- Suet. Cul. 44 ; Oros. vii. 5. )
phorion and brother of the poet Aeschylus, distin- CYNORTES or CYNORTAS (Kuvópons), a
guished himself by his ralour at the battle of son of Amyclas by Diomede, and brother of Hya-
Marathon, B. C. 490. According to Herodotus, cinthus. After the death of his brother Argalus,
when the Persians had fled and were endeavour- he became king of Sparta and father of Oebalus or
ing to escape by sea, Cynaegeirns seized one of of Perieres. His tomb was shown at Sparta not
their ships to keep it back, but fell with his right far from the Scias. (Paus. iii. 1. § 3, 13. $ 1;
hand cut off. The story lost nothing by transmis Apollod. iii. 10. § 3; Schol. ad Eurip. Orest.
sion. The next version related that Cynargeirus, 447. ).
[L. S. ]
on the loss of his right hand, grasped the enemy's CÝNOSLÄRA (Kuvodovká), an Idacan nymph
vessel with his left; and at lengih we arrive at and one of the nurses of Zeus, who placed her
the acme of the ludicrous in the account of Justin. among the stars. (Hygin. Poct. Astr. ii. 2; Arat,
Here the hero, having successively lost both his Phuen. 35 ; Serv. ad Virg. Georg. i. 246. ) [L. S. ]
:
vii. 25. )
## p. 912 (#932) ############################################
912
CYPRIANUS.
CYPRIANUS.
CYNTIIA and CY'NTHIUS (Kuvoia and with his clergy concerning various matters of dis-
Kúre. os), surnames respectively of Artemis and cipline, much of his attention being occupied, as
Apollo, which they derived from mount Cynthus the violence of the persecution began to abate, by
in the island of Delos, their birthplace. (Callim. the fierce controversies which arose with regard to
Hymn. in Del. 10; Hor. Carm.
