No More Learning

Frey
lieh ist ohne Anschauung der Experimente
hier nicht durchzukommen; wie Sie es mit
N
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? 178 GOETHE TO CARI. YLE 1830
der polemischen Abtheilung halten wollen und
ko? nnen, wird sich alsdann ergeben. Ist es mir
mo? glich, so lege, besonders fu? r Sie, ein ein-
leitendes Wort bey.
5. Sagen Sie mir etwa zuna? chst wie Sie die
deutsche Literatur bey den Ihrigen einleiten
wollen ; ich ero? ffne Ihnen gern meine Gedanken
u? ber die Folge der Epochen. Man braucht nicht
u? berall ausfu? hrlich zu seyn: gut aber ist's auf
manches voru? bergehende Interessante wenig-
stens hinzudeuten, um zu zeigen dass man es
kennt. Dr. Eckermann macht mit meinem
Sohn eine Reise gegen Su? den und bedauert,
nicht wie er gewu? nscht hatte, diesmal bey-
hu? lflich seyn zu ko? nnen. Ich werde gern
wie obgesagt seine Rolle vertreten. Diesen
Sommer bleib' ich zu Hause und sehe bis
Michael Gescha? fte genug vor mir.
Gedenken Sie mit Ihrer lieben Gattin
unsrer zum besten und empfangen wiederholten
herzlichen Dank fu? r die scho? ne Sendung. Treu angeho? rig,
J. W. v. GOETHE.
WEIMAR, den 13 Apr. 1830.
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? 1830 GOETHE TO CARLYLE 179
[TRANSLATION. ]
[I3/A April 1830. ] The precious casket, after a long delay in
reaching the Continent owing to the extreme
severity of the winter, at last arrived safely
about the middle of March.
As to its contents, I will mention first the
incomparable lock of hair, which one would
indeed have liked to see along with the dear
head, but which, when it came to light by
itself here, almost alarmed me. The contrast
was too striking; for I did not need to touch
my skull to become aware that only stubble
was left there, nor was it necessary for me
to go to the looking-glass to learn that a long
flight of time had given it a discoloured look.
The impossibility of making the desired return
smote my heart, and forced thoughts upon me
which one usually prefers to banish. In the
end, however, nothing remained for me but to
content myself with the reflection that such
a gift was to be most thankfully received with-
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? 1So GOETHE TO CARLYLE 1830
out hope of any adequate requital. For the
rest it shall be kept sacred in the portfolio
which is worthy of it, and only the most
cherished objects shall bear it company.
The elegant Scotch Bonnet, I can assure you,
has given much pleasure. For many years we
have been visited by inhabitants of the Three
Kingdoms, who like to remain with us for a
time, and enjoy good society. Among these,
indeed, there are comparatively few Scotchmen;
yet there cannot fail to be preserved in some
fair heart here so lively an image of one of your
countrymen that she must regard the splendid
national head-dress, including the thistle, as a
most pleasing ornament; and the kind donor
would certainly be delighted to see the most
charming face in the world peering out from
beneath it. Ottilie sends her most grateful
thanks, and will not fail, as soon as our days of
mourning are over,1 to make a glorious appear-
ance in it.
Let me now announce the despatch of
another parcel in return, which will probably
1 For the Dowager Grand Duchess (died February 1830).
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? 1830 GOETHE TO CARLYLE 181
be put together by June, as the most favourable
time of the year. You will receive :--
1. A copy of the Translation of your Schiller,
embellished with the pictures of your country
dwelling and accompanied by a few pages of
my own, in which I endeavour to procure a
good reception for the little book, and especi-
ally to awaken a more lively intercourse between
the two Countries and their Literatures. I
trust that you may not disapprove of the means
I have employed, in accordance with my know-
ledge of the public, and that you will not regard
the use I have made of some portions of our
correspondence as an indiscretion. Although in
my earlier years I was at all times careful to
avoid publishing matters of the kind, it is fitting
that in my old age I should not despise even
such means. What especially inclined and en-
couraged me towards this course was your
favourable reception of the Schiller Corre-
spondence. Further, you will find enclosed:
2. The four volumes, still wanting, of these
said Letters. May they serve as a magic chariot
to transport you into our circle at that period
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? 182 GOETHE TO CARLYLE 1830
of frank and ingenuous striving, when no one
thought of making claims, but only endeavoured
to be deserving. I have all these years sought
to preserve in me the spirit and feeling of those
days, and I trust that in the future, too, I may
succeed in doing so.
3. A fifth instalment of my Works is also
enclosed, in which may be found many a thing
that is entertaining, improving, instructive and
capable of practical application. If you will
admit that there may be idealist Utilitarians
also, I should be very glad to be allowed to
reckon myself as one of them. One more Section
and the intended whole will be complete, a con-
summation which I scarcely allowed myself to
hope I should live to see. There will be no
lack of addenda. My papers are in good order.
4. A copy of my Farbenlehre, with the
plates belonging to it, will accompany the other
books. I wish you would first read the second,
that is, the historical part. You see there the
subject approaching, halting, becoming clear,
and again growing dim; then an attempt to
obtain new light, without any general success.
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? 1830 GOETHE TO CARLYLE 183
After this the first half of the first part, that
is, the didactic, would give you a general idea
of the way in which I wish the matter to be
apprehended. Unless, however, the experi-
ments can be seen, this part cannot be fully
understood. You will then see how you like the
polemic portion, and what you can make of it.
If possible, I will add, for your especial behoof,
some introductory words.
5. Tell me before long how you propose
to introduce German literature amongst your
people, and I will gladly give you my thoughts
on the sequence of its epochs. One does not
need to enter into detail about every matter,
but it is well at least to touch upon many a
thing of transitory interest, to show that one
is aware of it. Dr. Eckermann is making a
journey southwards with my son, and regrets
that he cannot be of use at present, as he had
wished. I will gladly, as I have said, be his
proxy. I am going to remain at home this
summer, and I see before me plenty of work
until Michaelmas.
I beg you and your dear wife to hold us in
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? 184 CARLYLE TO GOETHE 1830
kindliest remembrance, and to accept our re-
peated and cordial thanks for your beautiful
gifts.
With sincere attachment,
J. W. v. GOETHE.
WEIMAR, 13/7* April 1830.
XXVI. --Carlyle to GOETHE.
CRAIGENPUTTOCK, DUMFRIES,
23^ May 1830.
The Weimar letter, now as ever the most
welcome that could arrive here, reached us, in
due course, some two weeks ago. We rejoice
to learn that you are still well and busy, still
gratified with our love for you, and still sending
over the Ocean a kind thought to us in our
remote home. This fair relation and inter-
course with what we have most cause to
venerate on Earth seems one of the strangest
things in our Life; which, however, is all built
on wonder: Ce que f admire le plus cest de ME
VOIR ICI.
I know not whether I should mention the
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? 1830 CARLYLE TO GOETHE 185
sort of hope which has again arisen of our even
seeing you in person one day: that long-
cherished project of a visit to Germany now
assumes some faint shape of possibility; in
which pilgrimage Weimar, the grand Sanctuary,
without which indeed Deutschland were but as
other Lands to us, would nowise be forgotten.
But it is better to check such Day-dreams than
encourage them; the impediments and counter-
chances are so many, as Time, which brings
Roses,1 brings also far other products. Happy
it is, meanwhile, that whether we ever meet in
the body or not, we have already met you in
spirit, which union can never be parted, or
made of no effect. Here in our Mountain
Solitude, you are often an inmate with us; and
can whisper wise lessons and pleasant tales in
the ear of the Lady herself. She spends many
an evening with you, and has done all winter,
greatly to her satisfaction. One of her last
performances was the Deutschen Ausgewan derten, and that glorious Mdhrchen, a true
Universe of Imagination; in regard to the
1 Die Zeit bringt Rosen, is an old German proverb.
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? 186 CARLYLE TO GOETHE 1830
manifold, inexhaustible significance of which
(for the female eye guessed a significance under
it), I was oftener applied to for exposition than
I could give it; and at last, to quiet impor-
tunities, was obliged to promise that I would
some day write a commentary on it, as on one
of the deepest, most poetical things even
Goethe had ever written. 1 Nay, looking abroad,
I can further reflect with pleasure that thou-
sands of my countrymen, who had need enough
of such an acquaintance, are now also beginning
to know you: of late years, the voice of
Dulness, which was once loud enough on this
matter, has been growing feebler and feebler;
so that now, so far as I hear, it is altogether
silent, and quite a new tone has succeeded it.
On the whole, Britain and Germany will not
always remain strangers; but rather, like two
Sisters that have been long divided by distance
and evil tongues, will meet lovingly together,
and find that they are near of Kin.
1 "The Tale" was translated, and, with a commentary,
published in Fraser's Magazine, No. XXXIII. , 1832. See
Carlyle's Miscellanies, vol. iv. , Appendix.
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? 1830 CARLYLE TO GOETHE 187
Since you are friendly enough to offer me
help and countenance in my endeavours that
way, let me lose no time in profiting thereby.
In regard to that History of German Literature,
I need not say, for it is plain by itself, that no
word of yours can be other than valuable.
Doubtless it were a high favour, could you
impart to me any summary of that great subject,
in the structure and historical sequence and
coherence it has with you: your views, whether
from my point of vision or not, whether con-
tradictory of mine, or confirmatory, could not
fail to be instructive. For your guidance in
this charitable service, perhaps my best method
will be to explain, as clearly as I can here,
what plan my Book specially follows, so far as
it is yet written, or decidedly shaped in my
thoughts.
Volume First, which was finished and sent
to press a few days ago,1 opens with some
considerations on the great and growing
importance of Literature; the value of Literary
commerce with other nations; therefore of
1 It was not printed. See infra, pp. 207, 208.
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?
188 CARLYLE TO GOETHE 1830
Literary Histories, which forward this: then
some sketch of the method to be followed in a
Literary History of Germany, where so much
is yet altogether unknown to us, and only some
approximation to a History is possible for the
present. Next comes a chapter on the old
Germans of Tacitus, the Northern Immigra-
tions (Volkerwanderung), and the primitive
national character of this People; the chief
features of which are Valour (Tapferkeif) and
meditative Depth; not forgetting, at the same
time, our own Saxon origin, and claims, by
general brotherhood and in virtue of so many
Hengists and Alfreds, to a share in that praise.
Then something of the German Traditions; of
their Language as the most indestructible of
Traditions, whereby Ulfilas and his Bible come
to be mentioned: further, of their ancient
Superstitions, and still existing Volksm&hrchen,
with a little specimen of them. Then of long-
written Traditions; of the Heldenbuch and
Nibelungen Lied, with their old environment
of Fiction, looked at only from afar: especially
a long chapter on the Nibelungen, already an
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? 1830 CARLYLE TO GOETHE 189
object of curiosity here. The last chapter is
entitled the Minnesingers, and looks back
briefly to the time of Charlemagne and forward
to that of Rodolf von Hapsburg; endeavour-
ing to delineate the chivalrous spirit of the
Swabian Era; and to show that here really
was a Poetic Period, though a feeble, simple
and young one; man being now for the first
time inspired with an Infinite Idea, having now
for the first time seen that he was a Man. --
This is all I have yet brought to paper, and I
fear it is worth little.
Next follows what I might denominate a
Didactic Period, wherein figure Hugo von
Trimberg, the author of Reinecke Fuchs, and
Sebastian Brandt: it reaches its culmination
and rises to a poetical degree under Luther
and Hutten; then again sinks, so far as
Literature is concerned, into Theological
Disputation, or mere Grammatical and Super-
ficial Refinement, through many a Thomasius
and Gottsched, down to utter unbelief and
sensualism, when Poetry, except in accidental
tones, foreign in that age, has died away, and
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? 1go CARLYLE TO GOETHE 1830
become impossible. Of such accidental appear-
ances I might reckon Opitz and his School the
principal; in whose poetry, however, I can find
little inspiration; at best some parallel to that
of our own Pope; as Hoffmannswaldau and
Lohenstein, perhaps with far less talent,
resemble our Dryden. How this is to be
grouped into masses, and presented in full
light, I do not yet see clearly: however, I must
force it all into the second volume, and leaving
Bodmer and Breitinger to fight out their
quarrel with Altvater Gottsched as they may,
be prepared to begin my third volume with
Lessing and Wieland.
Lessing I could fancy as standing between
two Periods, an earnest Sceptic, struggling to
work himself into the Region of Spiritual Truth,
and often from some Pisgah-height obtain-
ing brave glimpses of that Promised Land.
Wieland, with many a Hagedorn, Rabener,
Gellert, co-operate, each in their degree; and
so the march proceeds; till under you and
Schiller, I should say, a Third grand Period had
evolved itself, as yet fairly developed in no
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? 1830 CARLYLE TO GOETHE 191
other Literature, but full of the richest pros-
pects for all: namely, a period of new
Spirituality and Belief; in the midst of old
Doubt and Denial; as it were, a new revela-
tion of Nature, and the Freedom and Infinitude
of Man, wherein Reverence is again rendered
compatible with Knowledge, and Art and
Religion are one. This is the Era which
chiefly concerns us of England, as of other
nations; the rest being chiefly remembrance,
but this still present with us. How I am to
bring it out will require all consideration.
Though the most familiar to me of any other department, I can yet see only that it will fill
my last two Volumes, and to good purpose, if I
can handle it well; but the divisions, and
subordination and co-ordination of such a
multiplicity of objects: the Sorrows of Werther
with the Kraftmiinner, the Critical Philosophy,
the Xenien and what not, will occasion no little
difficulty; or rather, in the long run, I shall be
obliged to stop where means fail, and so to
leave much unrepresented, and the rest com-
bined in what order it can get into.
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? 192 CARLYLE TO GOETHE 1830
By this long description you will see how
matters stand with me, and where a helpful
word would most profit. Innumerable ques-
tions I could ask; for example, about the
Xenienkrieg, and your Nicolais and other
Utilitarians with their fortune among you;
which sect, though under a British shape, is
at this day boisterous enough here; whose
downfall, sure to come by and by, it were
pleasant to prophesy. But perhaps some out-
line of your own General Scheme of German
Literary History, and the succession of its
epochs, would in the limits we are here con-
fined to, prove most available. It is almost
shameful to occupy your time with poor work
of mine: otherwise, as I said, no word that you
could speak on this matter could be useless.
We expect, not without impatience, that pro-
mised Packet, in which so many interesting
matters and kind memorials are to lie for us.
My wife unites with me in friendliest wishes to
you and yours. May the Summer which is
now, after the wild snow-months, opening its
blossoms, even in these mountains, find you
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? 1830 GOETHE TO CARLYLE 193
happy, and leave you happy! Friends you will
have in many countries and in many centuries:
few men have been permitted to finish such a
task as yours. --Believe me ever, affectionately
your Scholar and Servant,
THOMAS CARLYLE.
XXVI1. --GOETHE TO CARLYLE.
WEIMAR, den 6 Juni 1830.
Ihr werther Brief, mein Theuerster, vom
23 May, hat gerade nur 14 Tage gelaufen um
zu mir zu kommen, wodurch ich aufgeregt
werde alsobald zu antworten, weil ich hoffen
kann der meinige werde Sie an einem scho? nen
Junitage begru? ssen. Es ist wirklich ho? chst
erfreulich dass die Einrichtungen unsrer gesit-
teten Welt, nach und nach, die Entfernung
zwischen Gleichgesinnten, Wohldenkenden ge-
scha? ftig vermindern, wogegen wir derselben
manches nachsehen ko? nnen.
Zuvo? rderst also will ich aussprechen, dass an
dem Plane, wie Sie die Geschichte der deutschen
Literatur zu behandeln gedenken, nichts zu
o
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? 194 GOETHE TO CARLYLE 1830
erinnern ist, und dass ich nur hie und da
einige Lu? cken finde, auf die ich Ihre Auf-
merksamkeit zu richten gedenke. Durchaus
aber werden Sie Sich u? berzeugen dass die
erste Edition eines solchen Werkes nur als
Concept zu betrachten ist, welches in den Fol-
genden immer mehr gereinigt und bereichert
hervortreten soll; Sie haben Ihr ganzes Leben
daran zu thun, und erfreuen Sich gewiss
eines entschiedenen Vortheils fu? r Sich und
andere.
Zu Fo? rderung dieses Ihres Zweckes, werde
ich die Absendung eines intentionirten Ka? st-
chens sogleich besorgen, welches die gute
Jahreszeit bald genug Ihnen zubringen wird.
Es entha? lt:
1. Vorlesungen u? ber die Geschichte der
deutschen National-Literatur von Dr. Ludwig
Wachler, 2 Theile, 1818.
Dieses Werk schenkt' ich, als ho? chst brauch-
bar, im Jahre 1824 dem guten Dr. Eckermann;
dieser, der so eben mit meinem Sohne nach
Su? den gereist ist, la? sst mir solches als eine
Gabe fu? r Sie zuru? ck, mit den besten Gru? ssen
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? 183o GOETHE TO CARLYLE 195
und Segnungen. Ich sende es, mit um so mehr
Zufriedenheit, weil ich u? berzeugt bin dass Sie,
diesem Faden folgend, nicht irren ko? nnen. Von
dem meisten Einzelnen haben Sie Sich ja schon
eigene Ueberzeugungen ausgebildet, mo? gen Sie
u? ber dieses und jenes nachfragen, so werde
suchen treulich Antwort zu geben.
2. Ein ho? chst wichtiges Heftchen, unter
dem Titel: Ueber Werden und Wirken der
Literatur, zuna? chst auf Deutschlands Literatur
unserer Zeit, von Dr. Ludwig Wachler, Breslau
1829. Es giebt zu mancherley Betrachtungen
Anlass wie derselbe Mann, nach 10 Jahren,
sich wieder u? ber Gegensta? nde ku? rzlich aus-
dru? ckt, deren Betrachtung er sein ganzes Leben
gewidmet. Durch obengemeldete zwey Ba? nde
werden Sie volkommen in den Stand gesetzt,
das was er hier gewollt und ausgesprochen,
aufzunehmen und zu benutzen.
3. Vier Ba? nde meiner Correspondenz mit
Schiller, und also das Ganze abgeschlossen.
Dabey sey Ihnen vo? llig u? berlassen es, nach
Ihrer reinen und wohl empfindenden Weise
sich zuzueignen und den Freunden, die sich
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? 196 GOETHE TO CARLYLE 1830
hier unterhalten, noch immer na? her zu treten.
In der Folge sende ich manches von der freund-
lichen und ho? chstsinnigen Aufnahme, welcher
diese Ba? nde in Deutschlandsich erfreuen; auch
wird Ihnen daraus zu Ihren Zwecken gar
manches deutlich werden.
4. Zwey Ba? nde meiner Farbenlehre, mit
einem Hefte Tafeln. Auch diese werden
Ihnen nicht ohne Frucht seyn. Das Werk ist
gar zu sehr Fleisch von meinem Fleisch und
Bein von meinem Bein, als dass es Ihnen
nicht anmuthen sollte. Sagen Sie mir einiges
daru? ber. Das Allgemeine passt gewiss in
Ihre Denkweise, wu? nschten Sie wegen des
Besondern einige Aufkla? rung, so will ich
suchen sie zu geben.
5. Sie finden ferner in dem Ka? stchen den
Abschluss der Uebersetzung Ihres Leben
Schillers; die Herausgabe hat sich verzo? gert,
und ich wollte, dem Verleger so wie der Sache
zu Nutz, das Werklein eigens aufputzen; dem
Publicum hab ich es gewiss recht gemacht,
wenn Sie es nur verzeihen.
Das Titelkupfer stellt Ihre Wohnung dar in
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? 1830 GOETHE TO CARLYLE 197
der Na? he, die Titelvignette dasselbe [sie] in der
Ferne. Nach den gesandten Zeichnungen,
wie ich hoffe, so gestochen dass es auch in
England nicht missfallen kann. Aussen auf
dem Hefte sieht man vorn Schillers Wohnung
in Weimar, auf der Ru? ckseite ein Garten-
ha? uschen, das er sich selbst erbaute, um sich
von seiner Familie, von aller Welt zu trennen.
Wenn er sich daselbst befand, durfte Niemand
herantreten. Es war auch kaum fu? r einen
Schreibtisch Platz. Sehr leicht gebaut, drohte
es in der Folge zu verfallen und ward
abgetragen; versteht sich nachdem er den
Garten weggegeben und nach Weimar gezo-
gen war. 1
Nun aber wa? re noch manches zu sagen von
einem Vorwort das ich dazu geschrieben, doch
wird es besser seyn Sie selbst, wenn Sie es
gelesen, empfinden und urtheilen zu lassen, ob
ich des Guten zu viel gethan, oder ob mir das
Zweckma? ssige gelungen sey. In jedem Falle
war no? thig zu interessiren und aufzuregen.
Was weiter erfolgen kann, erwarten wir, was
1 See infra, p. 204 <<.
? ? Generated for (University of Chicago) on 2014-11-14 09:12 GMT / http://hdl. handle. net/2027/mdp. 39015030186517 Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized / http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
? 198 GOETHE TO CARLYLE 1830
weiter zu thun ist, seh ich ziemlich schon
voraus.
Ihrer lieben Gattin das Allerfreundlichste!
Durch die u? bersendete Silhuette [sie] ist sie uns
schon viel na? her getreten; so viel vermag der
genaue Schatten des edlen Wirklichen! Mo? ge
Sie nun auch uns das Bildniss Ihres Gemahls
auf gleiche Weisse [sie] senden.