rum, recommended by
Photiiis
(No.
Charles - 1867 - Classical Dictionary
(Diet, of Ant.
, p.
631, b.
) Very
little is known of the events of his life, and his date
is rather uncertain, as some persons reckon him to
have lived in the eleventh century, and others bring
him down as low as the beginning of the fourteenth.
He probably lived towards the end of the thirteenth
century, as one of his works is dedicated to his tu-
tor, Joseph Racendytes, who lived in the reign of
Andronicus II. Pateologus, A. D. 1381-1328. One
of his schoolfellows is supposed to have been Apo-
cauchus, whom he describes (though without na-
ming him) as going upon an embassy to the north.
fDe Meth. Med. , Prasf. in 1, 2, p. 139, 169. )
One of his works is entitled Ilepi 'Evepyeiuv xal
? ? Tladav TOV ifvxlicov Hvev/MTOf, Kai riff HUT" avTO
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? 1414
SUPPLEMENT.
not to have ;>een a regular family-name of the Furia
gens, but only a surname given to this person, ol
which a similar example occurs in the following
article.
C. ACULKO, a Roman knight, who married the
sister of Helvia, the mother of Cicero. He was
surpassed by no one in his day in his knowledge 01
Hhe Roman law, and possessed great acuteness of
mind, but was not distinguished for other attain
mcnts. He was a friend of L. L'icinius Crassus
and was defended by him upon one occasion. Th<
ton of Aculeo was C. Visellius Varro; whence it
would appear that Aculeo was only a surname given
to the father from his acuteness, and that his full
name was C. . Visellius Varro Aculeo. (Cic. , De Or. .
1,43; 2, 1, 65; Brut. , 76. )
ACUMENIIS ('Ajtmy/evof), a physician of Athens,
who lived in the fifth century before Christ, and is
mentioned as the friend and companion of Socrates.
(Plat. , Pkadr. , mil. --Xen. , Mentor. , 3,13, $ 2. ) He
was the father of Eryximachus, who was also a
physician, and who is introduced as one of the
speakers in Plato's Symposium. (Plat. , Protag. ,
p. 315, c. ; Syrnp. , p. 176, c. ) He is also mentioned
in the collection of letters first published by Leo
AUatius, Paris, 1637, 4to, with the title EpisL. So-
cratis et Socraticorum, and again by Orellitis, Lips. ,
1816, 8vo, ep. 14, p. 31.
AD. SUS or ADD^EUS ("AcSofof or 'AJJoiof), a Greek
epigrammatic poet, a native, most probably, of Ma-
cedonia. The epithet Manciovoc. is appended to
his name before the third epigram in the Vat. MS.
(Anth. Gr. , 6, 228); and the subjects of the second,
eighth, ninth, and tenth epigrams agree with this
account of his origin. He lived in the time of Alex-
ander the Great, to whose death he alludes. (Anth.
Gr. , 7, 240. ) The fifth epigram (Anth. Gr. , 7, 305)
is inscribed 'A&tat'ov MirvXifvai'ov, and there was a
Mitylensean of this name, who wrote two prose
works, Hept 'Ayatyaroirotuv, and Ilcpl btadcoeuc. .
(Aihen. , 13, p. 606, A; 11, p. 471, F. j The time
when he lived cannot be fixed with certainty.
Keiske, though on insufficient grounds, believes
these two to be the same person. (Anth. Grccc. ,
6, 228, 258; 7, 51, 238, 240, 305; 10, 20. --Brunei,
Anal. , 2, p. 224. --Jacobs, 13, p. 831. )
ADAMANTIUS ('Aia/jdvTtof), an ancient physician,
hearing the title of lalrosophisla (iorpucuv %>yuv
oojiaTrif ? Socrates, Hist. Eccles. , 7, 13), for the
meaning of which see Diet, of Ant. , p. 628. Little
is known of his personal history, except that he
was by birth a Jew, and that he was one of those
who fled from Alexandrea at the time of the expul-
sion of the Jews from that city by the Patriarch St.
Cyril, A. D. 415. He went to Constantinople, was
persuaded to embrace Christianity, apparently by
Atticus, the patriarch of that city, and then return-
ed to Alexandrea. (Socrates, I. c. ) He is the au-
thor of a Greek treatise on physiognomy, fyvaioyvu-
uovixd, in two books, which is still extant, and
which is borrowed, in a great measure (as he him-
self confesses, 1, Proasm. , p. 314, ed. Franz. ), from
Polemo's work on the same subject. It is dedi-
cated to Constantius, who is supposed by Fabricius
(Biblixh. Grccca, vol. 1, p. 171; 13, 34, ed. vet. ) to
ne the person who married Placidia, the daughter
of Theodosius the Great, and who reigned for seven
? ? months in conjunction with the Emperor Honorius.
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? S U P P I ? M E N T.
tne oooks upon the work of Theophrastus, entitled
Urpi 'H06v, to which he added a sixth book upon the
\icomachian Ethics of Aristotle. (Alhen. , 15, p.
673. e, with Schweighauser's note. )
ADRANCS CA<Jpaviif), a Sicilian divinity who was
worshipped In all the island, but especially at Adra-
nus, a town near Mount jEtna. (Flat. , Timol, 12.
--Diodor. , 14, 37. ) Hesychius (t. v. HaitKoi) rep-
resents the god as the father of the Palici. Accord-
ing to jElian (Hist. Anim. , 11, 20), about 1000 sa-
cred d. Jgs were kept near his temple. Some modern
critics consider this divinity to be of Eastern origin,
and connect the name Adranus with the Persian
Adar (fire,) and regard him as the same as the
Phoenician Adramelech, and as a personification of
? the sun, or of fire in general. (Bochart, Geograpk.
Sacra, p. 530. )
ADRASTUS ('ASaaaro;), I. a son of Talaus, king o!
Argos, and of Lysimache. (Apollod. , 1, 9, ? 13. )
Pausanias (2, 6, <j 3) calls his mother Lysianassa,
and Hyginus (Fab. , 69) Eurynome. (Comp. Schol. ad
Eurip. , Phan. , 423. ) During a feud between the
most powerful houses in Argos, Talaus was slain
by Amphiaraus, and Adrastus, being expelled from
his dominions, fled to Polybus, then king of Sicyon.
When Polybus died, without heirs, Adrastus suc-
ceeded him on the throne of Sicyon, and during his
reign he is said to have instituted the Nemcan
games (Ham. , U. , 2, 572. --Find. , Nem. , 9, 30, &c.
--Herod. , 5, 67. -- Paus. , 2, 6, t) 3. ) Afterward,
however, Adrastus became reconciled to Amphiara-
ns, gave him his sister Eriphyle in marriage, and
returned to his kingdom of Argos. During the time
he reigned there, it happened that Tydeus of Caly-
don, and Polynices of Thebes, both fugitives from
their native countries, met at Argos, near the pal-
ace of Adrastus, and came to words, and from words
to blows. On hearing the noise, Adrastus hastened
to them and separated the combatants, in whom he
immediately recognised the two men that had been
promised to him by an oracle as the future husbands
of two of his daughters; for one bore on his shield
the figure of a boar, and the other that of a lion, and
the oracle was, that one of his daughters was to
marry a boar, and the other a lion. Adrastus,
therelore, gave his daughter De'ipyle to Tydeus, and
Argeia to Polynices, and at the same time promised
to lead each of these princes back to his own coun-
try. Adrastus now prepared for war against Thebes,
although Amphiaraus foretold that all who should
engage in it should perish, with the exception of
Adrastus. (Apollod. , 3, 6, 4 1, &c. --Hygin. , Fat. ,
69, 70. )
Thus arose the celebrated war of the "Seven
against Thebes," in which Adrastus was joined by
six other heroes, viz. , Polynices, Tydeus, Amphia-
raus, Capaneus, Hippomedon, and Parlhenopxus.
Instead of Tydeus and Polynices, other legends
mention Eteoclos and Mecisteus. This war ended
as unfortunately as Amphiaraus had predicted, and
Adrastus alone was saved by the swiftness of his
horse Aieion, the gift of Hercules. (Horn. , II. , 23,
346, &c. - -Paus. , 8, 25, $ 5. --Apollod. , 3, 6. ) Creon
of Thebes refusing to allow the bodies of the six
heroes to be buried, Adrastus went to Athens and
implored the assistance of the Athenians. Theseus
was persuaded to undertake an expedition against
rhebes: he took the city, and' delivered up the bod-
? ? es of the fallen Heroes to their friends for burial.
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? 41G
SUPPLEMEM.
rum, recommended by Photiiis (No. 2. ) to beginners,
edited by Dav. Hoeschel, 4to, Aug. Vindel. , 1608,
and among the Critici Sacri, fol. , Loud. , 1660.
. Eacus (Alaxof), a son of Jupiter and ^? gina, a
daughter of the river-god Asopus. He was born in
the island of CEnone or CEnopia, whither . Egina
bad been carried by Jupiter to secure her from the
anger of her parents, and whence this island was
afterward called -Egina. (Apollod. , 3, 12, ? 6. --
Uygin. , Fab. , 52. --Paus. , 2, 29, y 2. --Comp. Nonn,
Dionys. , 6, 212. -- Ovid, Met. , 6, 113; 7, 472,4c. )
According to some accounts, . Eacus was a son of
Jupiter and Europa. Some traditions related that,
at the time when . -Eacus was born, -lEgina was not
yet inhabited, and that Jupiter changed the ants
{/ji/mtiKer) of the island into men (Myrtnidones),
oier whom . Eacus ruled, or that lie made men
grow up out of the earth. (Hcs. , Fragm. , 67, cd.
GotUing. ^Apollod. , 3, 12, $ 6. --Foot. , I. c. ) Ovid
(Met. , 7, 520--Comp. Hygin. , Fab. , bi. --Slrab. , 8,
p. 375), on the other hand, supposes that the isl-
and was not uninhabited at the time of the birth
of . -Eacus, and states that, in the reign of . -Eacus,
Juno, jealous of . Egina, ravaged the island bearing
the name of the latter, by sending a plague or a
tearful dragon into it, by which nearly all its inhab-
itants were carried off, and that Jupiter restored the
copulation by changing the ants Jnto men. These
jegends, as Miiller justly remarks (Mginelica), are
nothing but a mythical account of the colonization
of JEgma, which seems to have been originally in-
habited by Pelasgians, and afterward received col-
onists from Phthiotis, the seat of the Myrmidones,
and from Phlius on the Asopus. . -Earns, while he
reigned in -lEgina, was renowned in all Greece for
his justice and piety, and was frequently called upon
to settle disputes, not only among men, but even
wuong the gods themselves. (Find. , lath. , 8, 48, etc.
--Pousau. , 1, 39, Y 6. ) He was such a favourite
with the latter, that, when Greece was visited by
a drought, in consequence of a murder which had
been committed (Diod. , 4, 60, 61. -- Apollod, 3, 12,
v 6), the oracle of Delphi declared that the calam-
ity would not cease unless . Eacus prayed to the
gods that it might; which he accordingly did, and
it ceased in consequence. -Eacus himself showed
his gratitude by erecting a temple to Zeus Panhel-
lenius on Mount Panhellenion (Pout. , 2, 30, Y 4), and
the ^Eginetans afterward built a sanctuary in their
i aland called iEaceum, which was a square place en-
closed by walls of white marble. . /Eacus was be-
lieved, in later times, to be buried under the altar in
this sacred enclosure. (Paus. , 2, 29, v 6. ) A legend
preserved in Pindar(CW. , 8,39,&c. )relates that Apollo
and Neptune took . Eacus as their assistant in build-
ing the walls of Troy. When the work was comple-
ted, three dragons rushed against the wall, and while
the two of them which attacked those parts of the
wall built by the gods fell down dead, the third
forced its way into the city through the part built
by . <Eacus. Hereupon Apollo prophesied that Troy
would fall through the hands of the . Eaculs. -E;i-
tus was also believed by the jEginetans to have sur-
rounded their island with high cliffs to protect it
against pirates. (Paus. , 2, 29, Y 5. ) Several other
incidents connected with the story of -Eacus are
mentioned by Ovid (Mclam, 7, 506, &c. ; 9, 435,
? ? &c). By Endeis -Earns had two son3, Telamon
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? SUPPLEMENT.
ill?
it . Egffirn, who compelled Ihe gods to desist from
their intention. (Horn. , II. , 1, 398, &c. ) Accord-
ing to Hesiod (Theog. , 154, &c. , 617, &c. ), ^Egaeon
and his brothers were hated by Uranus from the
time of their birth, in consequence of which they
were concealed in the depth of the earth, where they
remained until the Titans began their war against
Jupiter. On the advice of Gsea, Jupiter delivered
the Uranids from their prison, that they might assist
him. The hundred-armed giants conquered the Ti-
lana by hurling at them three hundred rocks at once,
and secured the victory to Jupiter, who thrust the Ti-
tans into Tartarus, and placed the Hecatoncheires
at its gates, or, according to others, in the depth of
the ocean, to guard them. (Hes. , Theog. , 616, &. C. ,
815, &. c. ) According to a legend in Pausanius (2,
1, $ 6; 2, 4. ? ;> 7), Briareus was chosen as arbitra-
tor in the dispute between Neptune and Helios, and
adjudged the Isthmus to the former, and the Aero-
corinthus to the latter. The scholiast on Apollo-
nius Rhodius (1, 1165) represents JEgeeon as a son
of Gtea and Fontus, and as living as a marine god
in the jEgean Sea. Ovid (Met. , 2, 10) and Philos-
tratus (Vit. Apollon. , 4, 6) likewise regard him as
a marine god, while Virgil (JEn. , 10, 565) reckons
him among the giants who stormed Olympus, and
Callimachus (Hymn, in Del, 141, &c. ), regarding him
in the same light, places him under Mount . /Etna.
The scholiast on Theocritus (Idyll. , 1, 65) calls Bri-
areus one of the Cyclopes. The opinion which re-
gards . Kmnm and his brothers as only personifica-
tions of the extraordinary powers of nature, such as
are manifested in the violent commotions of the
earth, as earthquakes, rolcanic eruptions, and the
like, seems to -explain best the various accounts
about them.
jEoEusII. (Aty<<5f),tKe eponymichero of the phyle
:xlIril thejEgeidse at Sparta, was a son of CEolycus,
ini'. grandson of Theras, the founder of the colony in
There. ' (Herod. , 4, 149. ) All the ^Egeids were be-
Vvn! to be Cadmeans, who formed a settlement at
Sp<i/ta previous to the Dorian conquest. There is
Xily this difference in the accounts, that, according
to some, . . IVriis was the leader of the Cadmean
colonists at Sparta, while, according to Herodotus,
they received their name of jEge'ids from the later
JEgeus, the son of CEolycus. (Find. , Pyth. , 5,101;
IKI/I. . 7, IS, &c. , with the schol. ) There was at
Sparta a heroum of ^Egeus. (Paut. , 3, 15, $ 6. --
Compare 4, 7, $ 3. )
? iEoiMus or -iEoiMius (Alyi/jof or Afyiiuof), one
of the most ancient of the Greek physicians, who is
said by Galen (De Differ. Pult. , 1, 2; 4, 2, 11; vol.
8, p. 498, 716, 752) to have been the first person
who wrote a treatise on the pulse. He was a na-
tive of Velia in Lucania, and is supposed to have
lived before the time of Hippocrates, that is, in the
fifth century before Christ. His work was entitled
Il'/. i ll<<///'. . i', De Palpitationibus (a name which
alone sufficiently indicates its antiquity), and is not
now in existence. Callimachus (. //'. Athcn. , 14, p.
643, e) mentions an author named ^? gimius, who
wrote a work on the art of making cheesecakes
(irhanovvrmowfov avyypa/qia), and Pliny mentions a
person of the same name (H. N. , 7, 49), who was
said to have lived two hundred years; but whether
those are the same or different individuals is quite
? ? uncertain.
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? 1418
SO PPiEMENI
nalium Formulanm Collectio, are inserted by C. G.
Kuhn in his Additam. ad Blench. Med. Vet. a J. A.
Faliricioin "MM. Gr. " Exhib. , and by Bona in his
Traetatus dc Scorbuto, Verona, 1781, 4to. Awaue-
fhv is a word used by the later Greek writers, and
is explained by Du Cange (Gloat. Med. et Infim. Gra-
eit. ) to mean vis, virtus. It is, however, frequently
used in the sense given to it above. See Leo,
Conspcct. Medic, 4,1, 11, ap. Ermerin. , Aneed. Med.
(? rac. , p. 153, 157. Two other of his works are
quoted or mentioned by Hieron. Mercurialis in his
Varix Lectiones, 3, 4; and his work De Venenis el
Mortis Venenosis, 1, 16; 2, 3; and also by Schnei-
der in his Prefaces to Nicander's Thcriaca, p. 11, and
Alexipharmaea, p.
little is known of the events of his life, and his date
is rather uncertain, as some persons reckon him to
have lived in the eleventh century, and others bring
him down as low as the beginning of the fourteenth.
He probably lived towards the end of the thirteenth
century, as one of his works is dedicated to his tu-
tor, Joseph Racendytes, who lived in the reign of
Andronicus II. Pateologus, A. D. 1381-1328. One
of his schoolfellows is supposed to have been Apo-
cauchus, whom he describes (though without na-
ming him) as going upon an embassy to the north.
fDe Meth. Med. , Prasf. in 1, 2, p. 139, 169. )
One of his works is entitled Ilepi 'Evepyeiuv xal
? ? Tladav TOV ifvxlicov Hvev/MTOf, Kai riff HUT" avTO
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? 1414
SUPPLEMENT.
not to have ;>een a regular family-name of the Furia
gens, but only a surname given to this person, ol
which a similar example occurs in the following
article.
C. ACULKO, a Roman knight, who married the
sister of Helvia, the mother of Cicero. He was
surpassed by no one in his day in his knowledge 01
Hhe Roman law, and possessed great acuteness of
mind, but was not distinguished for other attain
mcnts. He was a friend of L. L'icinius Crassus
and was defended by him upon one occasion. Th<
ton of Aculeo was C. Visellius Varro; whence it
would appear that Aculeo was only a surname given
to the father from his acuteness, and that his full
name was C. . Visellius Varro Aculeo. (Cic. , De Or. .
1,43; 2, 1, 65; Brut. , 76. )
ACUMENIIS ('Ajtmy/evof), a physician of Athens,
who lived in the fifth century before Christ, and is
mentioned as the friend and companion of Socrates.
(Plat. , Pkadr. , mil. --Xen. , Mentor. , 3,13, $ 2. ) He
was the father of Eryximachus, who was also a
physician, and who is introduced as one of the
speakers in Plato's Symposium. (Plat. , Protag. ,
p. 315, c. ; Syrnp. , p. 176, c. ) He is also mentioned
in the collection of letters first published by Leo
AUatius, Paris, 1637, 4to, with the title EpisL. So-
cratis et Socraticorum, and again by Orellitis, Lips. ,
1816, 8vo, ep. 14, p. 31.
AD. SUS or ADD^EUS ("AcSofof or 'AJJoiof), a Greek
epigrammatic poet, a native, most probably, of Ma-
cedonia. The epithet Manciovoc. is appended to
his name before the third epigram in the Vat. MS.
(Anth. Gr. , 6, 228); and the subjects of the second,
eighth, ninth, and tenth epigrams agree with this
account of his origin. He lived in the time of Alex-
ander the Great, to whose death he alludes. (Anth.
Gr. , 7, 240. ) The fifth epigram (Anth. Gr. , 7, 305)
is inscribed 'A&tat'ov MirvXifvai'ov, and there was a
Mitylensean of this name, who wrote two prose
works, Hept 'Ayatyaroirotuv, and Ilcpl btadcoeuc. .
(Aihen. , 13, p. 606, A; 11, p. 471, F. j The time
when he lived cannot be fixed with certainty.
Keiske, though on insufficient grounds, believes
these two to be the same person. (Anth. Grccc. ,
6, 228, 258; 7, 51, 238, 240, 305; 10, 20. --Brunei,
Anal. , 2, p. 224. --Jacobs, 13, p. 831. )
ADAMANTIUS ('Aia/jdvTtof), an ancient physician,
hearing the title of lalrosophisla (iorpucuv %>yuv
oojiaTrif ? Socrates, Hist. Eccles. , 7, 13), for the
meaning of which see Diet, of Ant. , p. 628. Little
is known of his personal history, except that he
was by birth a Jew, and that he was one of those
who fled from Alexandrea at the time of the expul-
sion of the Jews from that city by the Patriarch St.
Cyril, A. D. 415. He went to Constantinople, was
persuaded to embrace Christianity, apparently by
Atticus, the patriarch of that city, and then return-
ed to Alexandrea. (Socrates, I. c. ) He is the au-
thor of a Greek treatise on physiognomy, fyvaioyvu-
uovixd, in two books, which is still extant, and
which is borrowed, in a great measure (as he him-
self confesses, 1, Proasm. , p. 314, ed. Franz. ), from
Polemo's work on the same subject. It is dedi-
cated to Constantius, who is supposed by Fabricius
(Biblixh. Grccca, vol. 1, p. 171; 13, 34, ed. vet. ) to
ne the person who married Placidia, the daughter
of Theodosius the Great, and who reigned for seven
? ? months in conjunction with the Emperor Honorius.
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? S U P P I ? M E N T.
tne oooks upon the work of Theophrastus, entitled
Urpi 'H06v, to which he added a sixth book upon the
\icomachian Ethics of Aristotle. (Alhen. , 15, p.
673. e, with Schweighauser's note. )
ADRANCS CA<Jpaviif), a Sicilian divinity who was
worshipped In all the island, but especially at Adra-
nus, a town near Mount jEtna. (Flat. , Timol, 12.
--Diodor. , 14, 37. ) Hesychius (t. v. HaitKoi) rep-
resents the god as the father of the Palici. Accord-
ing to jElian (Hist. Anim. , 11, 20), about 1000 sa-
cred d. Jgs were kept near his temple. Some modern
critics consider this divinity to be of Eastern origin,
and connect the name Adranus with the Persian
Adar (fire,) and regard him as the same as the
Phoenician Adramelech, and as a personification of
? the sun, or of fire in general. (Bochart, Geograpk.
Sacra, p. 530. )
ADRASTUS ('ASaaaro;), I. a son of Talaus, king o!
Argos, and of Lysimache. (Apollod. , 1, 9, ? 13. )
Pausanias (2, 6, <j 3) calls his mother Lysianassa,
and Hyginus (Fab. , 69) Eurynome. (Comp. Schol. ad
Eurip. , Phan. , 423. ) During a feud between the
most powerful houses in Argos, Talaus was slain
by Amphiaraus, and Adrastus, being expelled from
his dominions, fled to Polybus, then king of Sicyon.
When Polybus died, without heirs, Adrastus suc-
ceeded him on the throne of Sicyon, and during his
reign he is said to have instituted the Nemcan
games (Ham. , U. , 2, 572. --Find. , Nem. , 9, 30, &c.
--Herod. , 5, 67. -- Paus. , 2, 6, t) 3. ) Afterward,
however, Adrastus became reconciled to Amphiara-
ns, gave him his sister Eriphyle in marriage, and
returned to his kingdom of Argos. During the time
he reigned there, it happened that Tydeus of Caly-
don, and Polynices of Thebes, both fugitives from
their native countries, met at Argos, near the pal-
ace of Adrastus, and came to words, and from words
to blows. On hearing the noise, Adrastus hastened
to them and separated the combatants, in whom he
immediately recognised the two men that had been
promised to him by an oracle as the future husbands
of two of his daughters; for one bore on his shield
the figure of a boar, and the other that of a lion, and
the oracle was, that one of his daughters was to
marry a boar, and the other a lion. Adrastus,
therelore, gave his daughter De'ipyle to Tydeus, and
Argeia to Polynices, and at the same time promised
to lead each of these princes back to his own coun-
try. Adrastus now prepared for war against Thebes,
although Amphiaraus foretold that all who should
engage in it should perish, with the exception of
Adrastus. (Apollod. , 3, 6, 4 1, &c. --Hygin. , Fat. ,
69, 70. )
Thus arose the celebrated war of the "Seven
against Thebes," in which Adrastus was joined by
six other heroes, viz. , Polynices, Tydeus, Amphia-
raus, Capaneus, Hippomedon, and Parlhenopxus.
Instead of Tydeus and Polynices, other legends
mention Eteoclos and Mecisteus. This war ended
as unfortunately as Amphiaraus had predicted, and
Adrastus alone was saved by the swiftness of his
horse Aieion, the gift of Hercules. (Horn. , II. , 23,
346, &c. - -Paus. , 8, 25, $ 5. --Apollod. , 3, 6. ) Creon
of Thebes refusing to allow the bodies of the six
heroes to be buried, Adrastus went to Athens and
implored the assistance of the Athenians. Theseus
was persuaded to undertake an expedition against
rhebes: he took the city, and' delivered up the bod-
? ? es of the fallen Heroes to their friends for burial.
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? 41G
SUPPLEMEM.
rum, recommended by Photiiis (No. 2. ) to beginners,
edited by Dav. Hoeschel, 4to, Aug. Vindel. , 1608,
and among the Critici Sacri, fol. , Loud. , 1660.
. Eacus (Alaxof), a son of Jupiter and ^? gina, a
daughter of the river-god Asopus. He was born in
the island of CEnone or CEnopia, whither . Egina
bad been carried by Jupiter to secure her from the
anger of her parents, and whence this island was
afterward called -Egina. (Apollod. , 3, 12, ? 6. --
Uygin. , Fab. , 52. --Paus. , 2, 29, y 2. --Comp. Nonn,
Dionys. , 6, 212. -- Ovid, Met. , 6, 113; 7, 472,4c. )
According to some accounts, . Eacus was a son of
Jupiter and Europa. Some traditions related that,
at the time when . -Eacus was born, -lEgina was not
yet inhabited, and that Jupiter changed the ants
{/ji/mtiKer) of the island into men (Myrtnidones),
oier whom . Eacus ruled, or that lie made men
grow up out of the earth. (Hcs. , Fragm. , 67, cd.
GotUing. ^Apollod. , 3, 12, $ 6. --Foot. , I. c. ) Ovid
(Met. , 7, 520--Comp. Hygin. , Fab. , bi. --Slrab. , 8,
p. 375), on the other hand, supposes that the isl-
and was not uninhabited at the time of the birth
of . -Eacus, and states that, in the reign of . -Eacus,
Juno, jealous of . Egina, ravaged the island bearing
the name of the latter, by sending a plague or a
tearful dragon into it, by which nearly all its inhab-
itants were carried off, and that Jupiter restored the
copulation by changing the ants Jnto men. These
jegends, as Miiller justly remarks (Mginelica), are
nothing but a mythical account of the colonization
of JEgma, which seems to have been originally in-
habited by Pelasgians, and afterward received col-
onists from Phthiotis, the seat of the Myrmidones,
and from Phlius on the Asopus. . -Earns, while he
reigned in -lEgina, was renowned in all Greece for
his justice and piety, and was frequently called upon
to settle disputes, not only among men, but even
wuong the gods themselves. (Find. , lath. , 8, 48, etc.
--Pousau. , 1, 39, Y 6. ) He was such a favourite
with the latter, that, when Greece was visited by
a drought, in consequence of a murder which had
been committed (Diod. , 4, 60, 61. -- Apollod, 3, 12,
v 6), the oracle of Delphi declared that the calam-
ity would not cease unless . Eacus prayed to the
gods that it might; which he accordingly did, and
it ceased in consequence. -Eacus himself showed
his gratitude by erecting a temple to Zeus Panhel-
lenius on Mount Panhellenion (Pout. , 2, 30, Y 4), and
the ^Eginetans afterward built a sanctuary in their
i aland called iEaceum, which was a square place en-
closed by walls of white marble. . /Eacus was be-
lieved, in later times, to be buried under the altar in
this sacred enclosure. (Paus. , 2, 29, v 6. ) A legend
preserved in Pindar(CW. , 8,39,&c. )relates that Apollo
and Neptune took . Eacus as their assistant in build-
ing the walls of Troy. When the work was comple-
ted, three dragons rushed against the wall, and while
the two of them which attacked those parts of the
wall built by the gods fell down dead, the third
forced its way into the city through the part built
by . <Eacus. Hereupon Apollo prophesied that Troy
would fall through the hands of the . Eaculs. -E;i-
tus was also believed by the jEginetans to have sur-
rounded their island with high cliffs to protect it
against pirates. (Paus. , 2, 29, Y 5. ) Several other
incidents connected with the story of -Eacus are
mentioned by Ovid (Mclam, 7, 506, &c. ; 9, 435,
? ? &c). By Endeis -Earns had two son3, Telamon
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? SUPPLEMENT.
ill?
it . Egffirn, who compelled Ihe gods to desist from
their intention. (Horn. , II. , 1, 398, &c. ) Accord-
ing to Hesiod (Theog. , 154, &c. , 617, &c. ), ^Egaeon
and his brothers were hated by Uranus from the
time of their birth, in consequence of which they
were concealed in the depth of the earth, where they
remained until the Titans began their war against
Jupiter. On the advice of Gsea, Jupiter delivered
the Uranids from their prison, that they might assist
him. The hundred-armed giants conquered the Ti-
lana by hurling at them three hundred rocks at once,
and secured the victory to Jupiter, who thrust the Ti-
tans into Tartarus, and placed the Hecatoncheires
at its gates, or, according to others, in the depth of
the ocean, to guard them. (Hes. , Theog. , 616, &. C. ,
815, &. c. ) According to a legend in Pausanius (2,
1, $ 6; 2, 4. ? ;> 7), Briareus was chosen as arbitra-
tor in the dispute between Neptune and Helios, and
adjudged the Isthmus to the former, and the Aero-
corinthus to the latter. The scholiast on Apollo-
nius Rhodius (1, 1165) represents JEgeeon as a son
of Gtea and Fontus, and as living as a marine god
in the jEgean Sea. Ovid (Met. , 2, 10) and Philos-
tratus (Vit. Apollon. , 4, 6) likewise regard him as
a marine god, while Virgil (JEn. , 10, 565) reckons
him among the giants who stormed Olympus, and
Callimachus (Hymn, in Del, 141, &c. ), regarding him
in the same light, places him under Mount . /Etna.
The scholiast on Theocritus (Idyll. , 1, 65) calls Bri-
areus one of the Cyclopes. The opinion which re-
gards . Kmnm and his brothers as only personifica-
tions of the extraordinary powers of nature, such as
are manifested in the violent commotions of the
earth, as earthquakes, rolcanic eruptions, and the
like, seems to -explain best the various accounts
about them.
jEoEusII. (Aty<<5f),tKe eponymichero of the phyle
:xlIril thejEgeidse at Sparta, was a son of CEolycus,
ini'. grandson of Theras, the founder of the colony in
There. ' (Herod. , 4, 149. ) All the ^Egeids were be-
Vvn! to be Cadmeans, who formed a settlement at
Sp<i/ta previous to the Dorian conquest. There is
Xily this difference in the accounts, that, according
to some, . . IVriis was the leader of the Cadmean
colonists at Sparta, while, according to Herodotus,
they received their name of jEge'ids from the later
JEgeus, the son of CEolycus. (Find. , Pyth. , 5,101;
IKI/I. . 7, IS, &c. , with the schol. ) There was at
Sparta a heroum of ^Egeus. (Paut. , 3, 15, $ 6. --
Compare 4, 7, $ 3. )
? iEoiMus or -iEoiMius (Alyi/jof or Afyiiuof), one
of the most ancient of the Greek physicians, who is
said by Galen (De Differ. Pult. , 1, 2; 4, 2, 11; vol.
8, p. 498, 716, 752) to have been the first person
who wrote a treatise on the pulse. He was a na-
tive of Velia in Lucania, and is supposed to have
lived before the time of Hippocrates, that is, in the
fifth century before Christ. His work was entitled
Il'/. i ll<<///'. . i', De Palpitationibus (a name which
alone sufficiently indicates its antiquity), and is not
now in existence. Callimachus (. //'. Athcn. , 14, p.
643, e) mentions an author named ^? gimius, who
wrote a work on the art of making cheesecakes
(irhanovvrmowfov avyypa/qia), and Pliny mentions a
person of the same name (H. N. , 7, 49), who was
said to have lived two hundred years; but whether
those are the same or different individuals is quite
? ? uncertain.
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? 1418
SO PPiEMENI
nalium Formulanm Collectio, are inserted by C. G.
Kuhn in his Additam. ad Blench. Med. Vet. a J. A.
Faliricioin "MM. Gr. " Exhib. , and by Bona in his
Traetatus dc Scorbuto, Verona, 1781, 4to. Awaue-
fhv is a word used by the later Greek writers, and
is explained by Du Cange (Gloat. Med. et Infim. Gra-
eit. ) to mean vis, virtus. It is, however, frequently
used in the sense given to it above. See Leo,
Conspcct. Medic, 4,1, 11, ap. Ermerin. , Aneed. Med.
(? rac. , p. 153, 157. Two other of his works are
quoted or mentioned by Hieron. Mercurialis in his
Varix Lectiones, 3, 4; and his work De Venenis el
Mortis Venenosis, 1, 16; 2, 3; and also by Schnei-
der in his Prefaces to Nicander's Thcriaca, p. 11, and
Alexipharmaea, p.
