Notes, and
Companion
to the Play-house).
Dodsley - Select Collection of Old Plays - v1
]
GoD's PROMISEs.
37*
Ther hygh prestes were slayne, ther treasure came to nothyng.
The strength and bewtye of thyne owne heretage.
Thus dedest thu leave then in myserable bondage. Oft had they warnynges, sumtyme by Ezechiel,
And other prophetes, as Esaye and Hieremye, Sumtyme by Daniel, sumtyme by Ose and Johel, By Amos and Abdias, by Jonas and by Sophonye, By Nahum and Micheas, by Agge and by Zacharye, By Malachias, and also by Abacuch,
By Olda the wydowe, and by the prophete Baruch. Remembre Josias, whych toke the abhomynacyon
From the people, then restorynge thy lawes agayne.
Of Rechab consydre the faythfull generacyon,
Whom to wyne-drynkynge no fryndshyppe myght con
strayne.
Remembre Abdemelech, the frynde of truthe certayne, Zorobabel the prynce, whych ded repare the temple,
And Jesus Josedech, of vertu the exemple. Consydre Nehemias, and Esdras the good scrybe,
Mercyfull Tobias, and constaunt Mardocheus. Judith and quene Hester, of the same godly trybe,
Devoute Mathias, and Judas Machabeus.
Have mynde of Eleazar, and then Joannes Hircanus, Waye the ernest faythe of thys godlye companye,
Though the other cleane fall from thy memorye.
Pater calestis. I wyll Johan, I wyll, for as I sayd afore,
Rygour and hardenesse I have now set apart,
Myndynge from hens fourth to wynne man evermore By wonderfull kyndenesse to breake hys stubbeylehart,
And change it from synne. For Christ shall suffre Smart,
In mannys frayle nature for hys inyguyte,
Thys to make open, my massenger shalt thu be.
Johannes baptista. As thy pleasure blessed lorde appoynt me,
For my helthe thu art, and my sowle's felycyte.
Pater caelestis. Longe ere made the, the predes tynate,
I
I
so
is,
38 GoD's PROMISEs.
[ACT v11.
Before thu wert borne I the endued with grace.
In thy mother's wombe wert thu sanctyfycate By my godlye gyft, and so confirmed in place,
A Prophete, to shewe a waye before the face
Of my most dere sonne, whych wyll come: the untyll Applye the apace thyne offyce to fulfyll.
Preache to the people, rebukynge their neglygence,
Doppe them in water, they knowledgynge their offence;
And saye unto them, The kyngedome of God doth cum. Joannes baptista. Unmete, lorde, I am, Quia puer
ego sum.
An other than that, alac, I have no scyence
Fyt foi that offyce, neyther yet cleane eloquence.
Pater calestis. Thu shalt not saye so, for I have geven the grace,
Eloquence and age, to speake in the desart place.
Thu must do therefor as I shall the advyse,
My appoynted pleasure fourth utter in any wyse
My stronge myghtye wordes put I into thy mouthe, Spare not, but speake them to east, west, north and
southe.
Hic extendens Dominus manum, labia Joannis digito tanget, ac ori imponet auream linguam.
Go now thy waye fourth, I shall the never fayle,
The sprete of Helias have I geven the alredye. Persuade the people, that they their synnes bywayle.
And if they repent their customable folye,
Longe shall it not be ere they have remedye. ,
Open thu their hartes, tell them their helth is commynge
voyce. desart,
thynge,
hym amonge -
As a in
se thu declare the thou shalt washe
I P" hem
the
sure,
In Jordane, a floude not farre from Hierusalem. Johannes baptista. Shewe me yet, good lorde, whereby
shall I knowe that man,
In the multytude whych wyll resort to Jordan.
Pater calestis. In thy mother's wombe of hym
haddest thu cognycyon.
Johannes baptista. Yea, that was in sprete. I wolde
now knowe hys person,
Act wil. ]
God's PROMISEs. 39
Pater calestis. Have thu no feare, Johan, hym shalt thu knowe full well,
And one specyall token afore wyll I the tell.
Super quem videris spiritum descendentem & manentem Super eum, hic est qui baptizat spiritu sancto.
Amonge other whom thu shalt baptyse there,
Upon whom thu seyst the Holy Ghost descende shappe dove, restynge upon hys shuldere,
Holde hym for the same, that shall the worlde amende baptym sprete, and also man extende
Most specyall grace. For must repare hys fall, Restorynge agayne the justyce orygynall.
Take now thy journaye, and the advyse. First preache repentaunce, and than the people baptyse. Johannes baptista. Hygh honour, worshypp, and
glorye unto the,
My God eternall, and patrone puryte.
Repent, good people, for synnes that now are past, The kyngdome heaven hande very nye.
The promysed lyght yow approcheth fast,
Have faythe, and applye now recyve him boldelye.
am not the lyght, but beare testymonye hym am sent, that men maye beleve,
That hys bloude wyll for their redemptyon geve. He soch lyght men doth illumyne,
That ever were here, shall after thys.
They that receyve hym, are God's true chyldren playne, sprete regenerate, and grace shall attayne.
Manye recken, that Johan Baptyst ath he, Deceyved are they, and that wyll apere space.
All the worlde made
And yet that rude worlde wyll not knowe what Hys owne enterynge, not regarded hys.
Though come after, yet
We are weake vessels, he hys great goodnesse
By hym are we like have
was longe afore me. the welle grace,
Than ever we had the lawe Moses.
In Moses’ harde lawe we had not els but darkenes,
Fygure and shaddowe. All was not but nyght,
hys myghtye power devyne,
that we have better increes
purchace
els
of
by
to
oras all to allis Iallisbyall to is
of
ahe betoat he of do to
OfIn OfI ByIn is
in we
of
he
do
of of all a be a
he
he is.
he
he
of
all
I
as
40 GoD's PROMISEs.
[ACT v11.
Ponnyshment for synne, much rygour, payne and roughnes.
An hygh change is there, where turned lyght, Grace and remyssyon anon wyll shyne full bryhgt.
Never man lyved that ever God afore,
Whych now our kynde mannys ruyne wyll restore.
Helpe me geve thankes that lorde evermore, Whych am unto Christ cryar’s voyce the desart, To prepare the pathes and hygh wayes hym before,
For hys delyght the poore symple hart.
That innocent lambe from soch wyll never depart, As wyll faythfullye recey've hym with good mynde.
Lete our voyce then sounde 'some swete musycall kynde.
Resona tunc voce Antiphonam incipit, clavis David, quam prosequetur chorus cum organis, prius.
Wel Anglico sermone sic:
perfyght keye David, and hygh scepture the kyndred Jacob, whych openest and man speareth", thu speakest and man openeth; come and delyver thy servaunt mankyude, bound prison, sytting the darknesse synne and bytter dampnacyon.
asketh, enquireth.
So Chaucer's Testament of Creseide.
“Who had been there, and liking for here, “His faconde tonge and termis exquisite,
--
“Of rethorike and practike might lere.
“In brefe sermon preignant sentence write; “Before Cupide valing his cappe lite “Speris the cause that vocacion,
“And he anon shewde his entencion. ”
Again, Douglas's Virgil,
“The seik ground deny
“My fader exhortis
“To Delos, and Apollois ansuere spere,
“Be seiking him succours lere
Again,
“Aneuthir mache him was socht and sperit. ”
140.
iii.
72.
frute and fudis, turn againe our studis
B. v. p.
of of
to in
toof B. a us of
a
se
* i. e.
O
no
in of
is on
is p.
us he in in all
to ;”
is
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to in
ut in of
to
to
ACT W II, God's PROMISEs. 41
BALEUs Prlocutor.
The matters are soch that we have uttered here As ought not to slyde from your memoryall.
For they have opened soch confortable gere, As is to the helthe of this kynde universall,
Graces of the lorde and promyses lyberall,
Whych he hath geven to man for every age,
To knytt hym to Christ, and so clere hym of bondage.
As saynt Paule doth write unto the Corinthes playne,
Our fore fathers were undre the cloud of darkenes,
And unto Christe's dayes ded in the shaddowe remayne :
Yet were they not left, for of hym they had promes,
All they receyved one spirytuall fedynge doubtles.
They dronke of the rocke whych them to lyfe refreshed,
For one savynge helthe, in Christ, they confessed.
the woman's sede was Adam first justyfyed, was faythfull Noah; was just Abraham,
The faythe that sede Moses fourth multyplyed, Lykewyse David and Esaye, that after cam.
And Johan Baptyst, whych shewed the very lam. Though they seafarre, yet they had one justyce,
One Masse (as they call and Christ one sacry
fyce.
-
man can not here God better servyce,
Than thys grounde hys faythe and understand
nge.
For the worlde's synne alone Christ payed the
pryce,
hys onlye deathe was mannys lyfe alwayes restynge,
And not wyll workes, nor yet mennys deservynge, The lyght our faythe make thys thynge evydent, And not the practyse other experiment.
Where now fre wyll, whom the hypocrytes com ment
Whereby they report they maye their owne pleasure
-
at
do
in
:
is
of in
in in
of
in
to
in so all
In
A
SoIn
all
in on
to
it)
all
42 GoD's PROMISEs. ACT WII.
Do good of themselves, though grace and fayth be absent,
And have good intentes their madnesse with to measure.
The wyll of the fleshe is proved here small treasure, And so is mannys will, for the grace of God doth all. More of thys matter conclude hereafter we shall.
Thus endeth thys Tragedy or enterlude, manyfest
ynge the chefe promyses of God unto Man by ages the olde lawe, from the fall Adam, the incar
nacyon the lorde Jesus Christ. Compyled Johan Bayle, Anno Domini 1538.
EDITION.
Tragedy enterlude manyfestyng the chefe pro myses God unto man ages the olde lawe, from the fall Adam the incarnacyon the lorde Jesus Christ. Compyled Johan Bale, Anno
Domini MDXxxv. 111. the worde (which now
called the eternall sonne God) was lyfe from the
begynnynge, and that life was the lyght men. Thys
lyght yet shyneth comprehendeth
The greater part
the darknesse, but the darknesse not. —Joan I*.
this quotatiou torn the only copy
well the date and printer's
known with certainty
exist, name, any were ever appended.
* if
A of
in of
C. is as
In to
by all
of
of
off in
in of
to
it
of
or
in
as of by
to
is
all
of
by
THE FOUR P's.
John HeywooD, or Heewood, one of the most ancient
dramatic writers in the English language, was born in city London", and educated the University
Oxford, the ancient Hostle called Broadgate's,
after left Oxford, and became intimately acquainted
with Sir Thomas More, who lived the neighbour hood+. Here the latter wrote his celebrated work
Aldgate's parish.
He was his time more celebrated for his wit than his learning; and having Some fair possessions North Mims, resided there
called Utopia, and supposed Heywoods the composition
*Wood, his Athenae Oxonienses, vol.
have assisted his Epigrams
149, positively fixes
birth this place. Other writers have made him native North Mims Hertfordshire, but apparently without any autho
ity. Bale, who lived nearest the author's time, calls him Civis Londinensis which words, though they not absolutely
London, yet surely are sufficient warrant any one conclude that
was native that city,
belief that acquired the title Citizen London otherwise
prove that was born matter this uncertainty
-
Peacham's Compleat English Gentleman, 4to. 1627,
Gabriel Harvey’s MS. Note Speyght's Chaucer, Mr. Steevens's Shakspeare, vol.
than birth.
speaks
Bastard, his Chrestoleros, seven bookes Epigrams, Heywood and his reputation this department:
“Ifwitt may make poet, gesse, Heywood with auncient poets may compare.
But thou, word and deed, hast made him lesse his own witt, having yet learning spare.
The goate doth hunt the grasse, the wolfe the goat; The lyon hunts the wolfe proof we see
Heywood sang others downe, but thy sweete note,
WOL. I.
Davis, hath sang him downe, and
Then be not mov’d, nor count such To will thee what thou hast done
would thee. sinn,
him. ”
circumstance appears induce
1598, has the following, addressed Ad Johannem Davis, which
95. quoted
in
in
heof he in
in in
; in
it ina
by I
in
ofdo he
:
In
T. bya
of of at he
of at
a
as to in no
is
at
as I
5. to of
to
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his
in of the St.
in
as p.
to
a
of to
1. p.
of
to in
in in
in
he aheaof$.
Sir Notes
B. 88 his Translation
Wilson,
This would he write, else Harrington quotes one
46
Through Sir Thomas More's means, it is probable our author was introduced to the knowledge of King Henry the Eighth, and of his daughter the Princess, afterwards Queen Mary; by the former of whom, he was held in much esteem for the mirth and quickness of his conceits; and so much" valued by the latter, that he was often, after she came to the throne, admitted to the honour of waiting upon and exercising his fancy before her, even to the time she lay lan guishing on her death bed. His education having been in the Roman Catholic faith, he continued steadily attached to the tenets of that religion; and during the reign f of Edward the Sixth, fell under the suspicion of practising against the government, and
narrowly escaped the halter. After the death of patroness the queen, left the nation, says Woods, for religion's sake, and settled Mechlin Brabant,
where died about the year 15655, leaving several
The subsequent Ad Lectorem the same effect; “Reader, Heywood lived now againe,
Whom time life, hath not praise bereaved; would write, could express his vaine
am deceived. ”.
Heywood's Epigrams the Orlando Furioso; and Thomas his Rhetorique, 1553, speaks Heywood's Proverbs, adding, that his “paynes that behalfe are worthye immortall “prayse. ” Barnaby Googe's Husbandry, “our English Martiall,
“John Heywood,” quoted regarding Essex cheese. would
be goal add several other authors who quote applaud lillo
Athen. Oxon. vol. 149.
“But step backe my teske (though everie place step
“to, yeeldes me sweeter discourse) what thinke you Haywood “that scaped hanging with his mirth; the King being graciously
and (as thinke) truly perswaded, that man that wrate
“pleasant and harmelesse verses, could not have any harmfull con
“ceit against his proceedings, and the honest motion
“gentleman his chamber saved him from the jerke the six “string'd whip. ”
Harington's Metamorphoses Ajax, 1596,
Athen. Oxon. vol. 149.
The subsequent anecdote given Puttenham, his Arte
English Poesie, 1589,
230.
25.
“
§# f*
i.
p.
1.
is 1.
of if
is
is to
p.
to p.
in
orI
he
by
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: of
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of
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in
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so
p. of by orIt I
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of
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47
children; one of whom, Jasper Heywood, translated
three of Seneca's Plays, and wrote several Poems,
printed in the Paradise of Dainty Devises, 4to. 1578. This Jasper Heywood was, according to Fuller, exe
cuted in the reign of Queen Elizabeth; but more pro
bably, as Sir Richard Baker asserts, was among those who were taken in 1585, and sent out of England *.
John Heywood + appears to be the second English
“The like hapned on a time at the Duke of Northumberland’s
“bourd, where merry John Heywood was allowed to sit at the
“table's end. The Duke had a very honourable and noble mynd
“alwayes to pay his debts well, and when he lacked money would
“not stick to sell the greatest part of his plate : so had he done a
“few days before. Heywood being loth to call for his drinke so
“oft as he was dry, turned his eye toward the cupboard and said,
“‘I finde great misse of your Grace's standing cups. ” The Duke “thinking he had spoken it of some knowledge that his plate
“was lately sold, said somewhat sharply, “Why, sir, will not “‘those cuppes serve as good a man as yourself? ' Heywood “readily replied, ‘Yes, if it please your Grace ; but I would have “‘one of them stand still at mine elbow, full of drinke, that I might “‘not be driven to trouble your men so often to call for it. ’ This “pleasant and speedy revers of the former wordes, holpe all the “matter againe, whereupon the Duke became very pleasaunt, and “dranke a bolle of wine to Heywood, and bid a cup should be “alwayes standing by him. ”
This story, in itself of very little worth, serves to shew the sort of terms Heywood was upon with the nobility of his time. C.
* The editor of the last edition of the Biographical Dictionary asserts, but without citing his particular authority for the fact,
that “ after many peregrinations, he died at Naples, January the 9th, 1598. ” C.
# Dr. Palsgrave, whose Play of Acolastus was printed in the year 1529, seems to have been the first. See Ames, 166.
Here is a mistake, which has likewise been fallen into in a note
on Cymbeline, edit. 1778, vol. 9, p. 317. Acolastus was not printed so early as 1529. The original Latin was, I think, produced in that year. Not having the play by me, I cannot exactly account for the misinformation given in that note ; but, if my memory is to be trusted, the original Latin is in verse, the translation in prose; and the title runs thus: Comedia Acolustus dicta, cum ecphrasi Anglica, per Johannem Palsgravium. Lond. per Thomam Bertheletum,
4to. 1540. S.
Ames, whose authority is quoted to prove the existence of the early edition of Acolastus, mentions both that and the later one, as though he had seen each. How far his accuracy is to be relied on, must be left to the reader's judgment.
48
dramatic writer. Oldys” says, he began to write about the year 1530, but that he could not find he published any thing so early.
The following is a List of his Works :
“A Play betwene Johan the Husband, Tyb the “Wife, and Sir Johan the Priest, by John Heywood,
“4to. Imprynted at London, by Willliam Rastall, “ the 12th Day of February, 1533. ” (Oldys's MS.
Notes, and Companion to the Play-house).
“A Mery Play betwene the Pardoner and the “Frere, the Curate, and neybour Pratte, 4to. Im
“prynted by Will" Rastell, 5th of April, 1533. ” Ames, 182. (Oldys's MS. Notes, and Companion to the Playhouse).
“The Playe called the Foure P. P. A newe and a “very mery Enterlude of A Palmer, A Pardoner, A
“Potycary, A Pedler. Made by John Heewood, 4to, “Imprynted at London in fletestreete, at the Sign of “the George, by Wyllyam Myddylton. 4to. no date. ” Also, w
“A Play of Genteelness and Nobilitie. An Inter “lude in two Parts, 4to, no date. ” (Companion to the Playhouse).
“A Play of Love. An Interlude, 4to, 1533. ” (Com panion to the Playhouse).
“A Play of the Weather, called A new and a very “ merry Interlude of manner Weathers, 1553,”
(Companion the Playhouse. Oldys's Ms. ).
Also 12mo, printed Robert Wyer, (Ames, 157) -
“The Spider and the Flie, Parable made “Heywood+. Imprinted Tho. Powell, 1556,”
4to.
date. John
Langbaine.
This parable, apologue allegory, (for one and
MS. Notes
three) not perhaps “dull, tedious, and trifling,” Warton contends;
and without much “fancy,” has both meaning and moral. “the conclusion,” Heywood informs that began the work
twenty years before was finished, and that did nothing
during interval nineteen years. He adds, that was com menced “with the first, and ended with the last,” his poor
of it
“
all
B.
by
no
an
if it
in
he he
it as is
to it
L.
In
isf *
fo.
us
be so
on of it
it
by a
by
of
or
all
to
49
“John Heywood's Woorkes. A Dialogue conteyn “ing the Number of the effectual Proverbes in the “English Tongue, compacte in a matter concerning
“two Maner of Mariages: with one Hundreth of Epi “grammes; and three Hundreth of Epigrammes up
“pon three Hundred Proverbes, and a fifth hundred of “Epigrammes. Whereunto are newly added, a sixte “hundred of Epigrammes, by the said John Heywoode. “Imprinted by Tho. Marshe, 1576,” 4to. B. L.
Another Edition was printed by Felix Kyngston, in 4to. B. L. 1598.
“A Brefe Balet, touching the trayterous takynge of
“Scarborow Castle. Imprinted at London by Thomas “Powel. ” On a broad side of two columns, B. L. (Among the folio volumes of Dyson's Collections, in the Library of the Society of Antiquarians). Tho.
Stafford, who took that Castle 23 April, 1557, and proclaimed himself Protector of the realm, was be headed 28 May following, and three of his accomplices were hanged. Oldys's Ms.
“A Balade of the meeting and marriage of the King “ and Queenes Highness. Imprinted by W. Ryddel. ”
One side of a large half sheet. Oldys. f
Winstanly f hath expressed a doubt, whether the
author of the epigrams and of the plays were not differ ent persons. The following epigram will be sufficient
to set that fact beyond contradiction, and at the same
time exhibit a specimen of the author's manner:—
works. The maid who sweeps down the spider, he explains to mean Queen Mary, in “sense allegoricali,” whom he calls “a mer ciful maiden;” perhaps in “sense allegorical” also. C.
* Thos. Wilson, in his Rhetorique, published in 1558, speaks of Heywood's Proverbs as then in print. They were also repub lished in 1561; and the title-page professes that the work has
been “newly oversene, and somewhat augmented, by the sayde
John Heywood. ” The only copy I have met with is imperfect at
the end, and the title-page does not state who was the printer of “John Heywoodes Woorkes” were printed collectively Henry
Wykes 1566: they consist Proverbs and Epigrams.
vol. the late edition the Royal and Noble Authors,
M. Park, poem praise Queen Mary MS. the British Museum. C.
Lives English Poets, 45. VOL's Is
printed, copied from E.
*
In
a of
in
in
of p.
of of
in
is
f
it.
I. of
by a by
50
Art thou Heywood, with thy mad merry wit? Yea, forsooth, master, that name is even hit.
Art thou Heywood, that appliest mirth more than thrift? Yes, sir, I take merry mirth a golden gift.
Art thou Heywood, that hast made many mad plays? Yea, many plays, few good works in my days.
Art thou Heywood, that hath made men merry long? Yea, and will, if I be made merry among.
Art thou Heywood, that wouldst be made merry now? Yes, sir, help me to it now, I beseech you. Winstanly and Philips ascribe to him, I think,
falsely, the Pinner of Wakefield* and Philotus, printed at Edinburgh, 1603.
Dr. Fullert mentions a book written by our author, intitled, Monumenta literaria ; which are said to be
Non tam labore condita, quan lepore condita.
* Vol. III. # Worthies, p. 221.
DRAMATIS PERSONAE.
A PALMER, A PARDoNER, A PotIcARY,
A PEDLER.
THE FOUR P's #.
Palmer. Now God be here; who kepeth this place? Now by my fayth, I crye you mercy;
Of reason I must sew for grace,
My rewdnes sheweth met so homely. Wherof your pardon axt and wonne,
I sew you”, as curtesy doth me bynde,
To tell this whiche shalbe begonne,
In order as may come beste in mynde. I am a Palmer, as ye”
Whiche my lyfe muche part have“ spent many fayre and farre” cuntrie,
Although more pains than usual were bestowed tion this piece, yet, was printed originally
the colla Dodsley
from the most corrupt the old copies, many the errors and few interpolations were allowed the subsequent editor re main. The orthography also, professed observed, was very
frequently abandoned. -
Palmer] “The difference between pilgrim and palmer was “thus; The pilgrim had some home dwelling place; but the
“Palmer had none. The pilgrim travelled some certain de “signed place places; but the palmer all. The pilgrim went “at his own charges; but the palmer professed wilful poverty, and “went upon alms. The pilgrim might give over his profession,
and return home; but the palmer must constant till had “obtained the palm, that victory over spiritual enemies,
“and life “staff, Staveley's
death, and thence his name Palmer, else from boughs palm, which always carried along him. ” Raman Horseleech, 1769, 93.
The first edition gives this line, “My rewdnes sheweth me
and that 1569 has
“My rudenes sheweth me not
homely,
- The negative certainly seems have been inserted mistake.
sew you] sue now, edition 1569. you, edit. 1569.
have] hath, 1st edit. fayre and farre] far and faire, edit, 1569.
homely. ”
** “ a In t1*
*
to
3 ye
be to be all to
by
on by
of
or
of it.
C.
it
p. he
by
by
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se,
no ora so so
to
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to
or
of as
of
54 THE You R P's.
As pilgryms do of good intent. At Hiernsalem" have I bene
Before Chryste's blessed sepulture:
The mount of Calvery have I sene’
A holy place ye may be sure.
To Josaphat and Olyvete"
On fote, god wote, I wenteryght bare : Many a salte tere dyd I swete,
* Hierusalem], Jerusalem. edit, 1569. edit. 1569.
7 have II I have,
* To Josaphat and Olyvete, Maundevile thus mentions these places. “And towards the Est syde, withoute the walles of the
“cytee Jerusalem) “to the walles, thoughe
the vale Josaphathe, that touchethe were large dyche. And anen that the cytee, the chirche Seynt “Stevene, where was stoned dethe. ” Voiage and Travaile, 8vo.
1725, 96, “And above the vale, the mount Olyvete; and “it cleped so, for the plentee olyves, that growen there.
“That mount more highe than the cytee Jerusalem is; and therefore may men upon that mount, see many the stretes the
“cytee. And betwene that mount and the cytee, not but “vale Josaphathe, that not fulle large. And fro that mount, “steighe oure Lord Jesu Christ hevene, upon Ascencioun-day:
and there schewethe the schapp his left foot- the ston. ” Voiage and Travaile, 8vo. 1725, 116.
“vale Josaphathe out
Dr. Audrew Borde's Introduction
Knowledge, 1542, Sign. that writer, who had been pilgrimage Jerusalem, says.
and that there great confluence pylgrims the holy pulchre, and many holy places, will wushe somewhat that
“doo know, and have sene the place. Whosoever that dothe “pretende Jerusalem, let him prepare himselfe
“forth England after Easter dayes,” &c. He then rects the route traveller ought take, and adds, “when you
come Jerusalem, the friers which called cordaline, they saynct Fraunces, other they wyl receave you with devocion
and brynge you the sepulchre: the holy sepulchre wythin “the church, and the mount Calvery, where Jesu Christ
did suffer his passions. The churche rounde lyke temple, “is more larger than anye temple that have sene amonges “Jues. The sepulchre grated rounde aboute wyth yrone, than “no man shall great pycke out any stones. The sepulchre
lyke lytle house, the which masons was dyged out “rocke stone. There maye stonde wythin the sepulchre ax “xii parsons, but few none dothe into the sepulcre, except “they singulerly beloved, and then they night wyth
“great feare and reverence. ”
be ofa
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of
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THE Four P's 55
Before thys carkes coulde” come thare Yet have I bene at Rome also,
And gone the statyons” arow: Saynt peter's shryne and many mo,
Than told know.
Except that there any suche,
That hath ben there, and diligently Hath taken hede, and marked muche, Then can they speke muche
Then the Rodes” also was And rounde about Amias
Saynt Toncomber and Saynt Tronion”:
Saynt Bothulph" and Saynt Anne Buckston
coulde] would, edit. 1569.
the statyons (stationes, jurnee)] Answered the stages be
tween London and Rome, Holy Land; which there map
Ms. Math. Paris Roy. Libr.
and Pl. VII. Brit. Topog. vol. 85.
In Borde's Introduction (before quoted) said, and foras much there may bee many that hath wrytten the holy lands, the stacyons and the jurney way, doo passe over speake
forther this matter, &c.
. ** Rodes] Rhodes, island which the Knights Hospitallers,
now Knights Malta, retired, being driven out Jerusalem. Amias]. Probably Emaus, near Jerusalem.
Saint Toncomber and Saynt Tronion] Of these saints, places,
can give account.
Mr. Steevens letter the printer the Saint James's
Chronicle, points out the following mention Saint Tronion,
Geffrey Fenton's Tragical Discourses, 4to. 1567 fo. 114 “He re
“turned haste his lodgynge, where attended the approche “of his hower appointment wyth lesse devocyon, than the “Papistes France performe their ydolatrous pilgrimage the “ydoll, Saynt Tronyon, upon the mount Avyon, besides Roan. ” Regarding Saint Toncomber,
any thing.
This worthy also noticed Virginia 1575. Sign.
“Nay, softe, my maisters,
professes unable add the following terms Apius and
saincte Thomas Trunions.
“I
disposed buy
Saynt Bothulph] Saint Bothulph said have been born
Cornwall, and was eminent for working miracles about the time Lucius. He was buried Boston Lincolnshire.
Saynt Anne Buckston] “Within the parish Bacwell, ‘‘Derbyshyre, chappel (somtyme dedicated St. Annc),
am not
your
onions. ”
VII. and Benet. Coll.
is
I of ix. in * *”**a*
At At
at
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2. an to
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56 THE Four P's.
On the hylles of Armony, where I see” Noe's arke"; With holy Job, and saynt George in Southwarke”;
At Waltam” and at Walsyngham";
“ place called Bucston, wheare is a hotte bathe, of such like qualities “as those mentioned in Bathe be. Hyther they weare wont to run on “pilgrimage, ascribinge to St. Anne miraculously, that thinge which
“is in that and sondrye other waters naturally. ” Lombarde's Dic tionarium, p. 48.
GoD's PROMISEs.
37*
Ther hygh prestes were slayne, ther treasure came to nothyng.
The strength and bewtye of thyne owne heretage.
Thus dedest thu leave then in myserable bondage. Oft had they warnynges, sumtyme by Ezechiel,
And other prophetes, as Esaye and Hieremye, Sumtyme by Daniel, sumtyme by Ose and Johel, By Amos and Abdias, by Jonas and by Sophonye, By Nahum and Micheas, by Agge and by Zacharye, By Malachias, and also by Abacuch,
By Olda the wydowe, and by the prophete Baruch. Remembre Josias, whych toke the abhomynacyon
From the people, then restorynge thy lawes agayne.
Of Rechab consydre the faythfull generacyon,
Whom to wyne-drynkynge no fryndshyppe myght con
strayne.
Remembre Abdemelech, the frynde of truthe certayne, Zorobabel the prynce, whych ded repare the temple,
And Jesus Josedech, of vertu the exemple. Consydre Nehemias, and Esdras the good scrybe,
Mercyfull Tobias, and constaunt Mardocheus. Judith and quene Hester, of the same godly trybe,
Devoute Mathias, and Judas Machabeus.
Have mynde of Eleazar, and then Joannes Hircanus, Waye the ernest faythe of thys godlye companye,
Though the other cleane fall from thy memorye.
Pater calestis. I wyll Johan, I wyll, for as I sayd afore,
Rygour and hardenesse I have now set apart,
Myndynge from hens fourth to wynne man evermore By wonderfull kyndenesse to breake hys stubbeylehart,
And change it from synne. For Christ shall suffre Smart,
In mannys frayle nature for hys inyguyte,
Thys to make open, my massenger shalt thu be.
Johannes baptista. As thy pleasure blessed lorde appoynt me,
For my helthe thu art, and my sowle's felycyte.
Pater caelestis. Longe ere made the, the predes tynate,
I
I
so
is,
38 GoD's PROMISEs.
[ACT v11.
Before thu wert borne I the endued with grace.
In thy mother's wombe wert thu sanctyfycate By my godlye gyft, and so confirmed in place,
A Prophete, to shewe a waye before the face
Of my most dere sonne, whych wyll come: the untyll Applye the apace thyne offyce to fulfyll.
Preache to the people, rebukynge their neglygence,
Doppe them in water, they knowledgynge their offence;
And saye unto them, The kyngedome of God doth cum. Joannes baptista. Unmete, lorde, I am, Quia puer
ego sum.
An other than that, alac, I have no scyence
Fyt foi that offyce, neyther yet cleane eloquence.
Pater calestis. Thu shalt not saye so, for I have geven the grace,
Eloquence and age, to speake in the desart place.
Thu must do therefor as I shall the advyse,
My appoynted pleasure fourth utter in any wyse
My stronge myghtye wordes put I into thy mouthe, Spare not, but speake them to east, west, north and
southe.
Hic extendens Dominus manum, labia Joannis digito tanget, ac ori imponet auream linguam.
Go now thy waye fourth, I shall the never fayle,
The sprete of Helias have I geven the alredye. Persuade the people, that they their synnes bywayle.
And if they repent their customable folye,
Longe shall it not be ere they have remedye. ,
Open thu their hartes, tell them their helth is commynge
voyce. desart,
thynge,
hym amonge -
As a in
se thu declare the thou shalt washe
I P" hem
the
sure,
In Jordane, a floude not farre from Hierusalem. Johannes baptista. Shewe me yet, good lorde, whereby
shall I knowe that man,
In the multytude whych wyll resort to Jordan.
Pater calestis. In thy mother's wombe of hym
haddest thu cognycyon.
Johannes baptista. Yea, that was in sprete. I wolde
now knowe hys person,
Act wil. ]
God's PROMISEs. 39
Pater calestis. Have thu no feare, Johan, hym shalt thu knowe full well,
And one specyall token afore wyll I the tell.
Super quem videris spiritum descendentem & manentem Super eum, hic est qui baptizat spiritu sancto.
Amonge other whom thu shalt baptyse there,
Upon whom thu seyst the Holy Ghost descende shappe dove, restynge upon hys shuldere,
Holde hym for the same, that shall the worlde amende baptym sprete, and also man extende
Most specyall grace. For must repare hys fall, Restorynge agayne the justyce orygynall.
Take now thy journaye, and the advyse. First preache repentaunce, and than the people baptyse. Johannes baptista. Hygh honour, worshypp, and
glorye unto the,
My God eternall, and patrone puryte.
Repent, good people, for synnes that now are past, The kyngdome heaven hande very nye.
The promysed lyght yow approcheth fast,
Have faythe, and applye now recyve him boldelye.
am not the lyght, but beare testymonye hym am sent, that men maye beleve,
That hys bloude wyll for their redemptyon geve. He soch lyght men doth illumyne,
That ever were here, shall after thys.
They that receyve hym, are God's true chyldren playne, sprete regenerate, and grace shall attayne.
Manye recken, that Johan Baptyst ath he, Deceyved are they, and that wyll apere space.
All the worlde made
And yet that rude worlde wyll not knowe what Hys owne enterynge, not regarded hys.
Though come after, yet
We are weake vessels, he hys great goodnesse
By hym are we like have
was longe afore me. the welle grace,
Than ever we had the lawe Moses.
In Moses’ harde lawe we had not els but darkenes,
Fygure and shaddowe. All was not but nyght,
hys myghtye power devyne,
that we have better increes
purchace
els
of
by
to
oras all to allis Iallisbyall to is
of
ahe betoat he of do to
OfIn OfI ByIn is
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of
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do
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he is.
he
he
of
all
I
as
40 GoD's PROMISEs.
[ACT v11.
Ponnyshment for synne, much rygour, payne and roughnes.
An hygh change is there, where turned lyght, Grace and remyssyon anon wyll shyne full bryhgt.
Never man lyved that ever God afore,
Whych now our kynde mannys ruyne wyll restore.
Helpe me geve thankes that lorde evermore, Whych am unto Christ cryar’s voyce the desart, To prepare the pathes and hygh wayes hym before,
For hys delyght the poore symple hart.
That innocent lambe from soch wyll never depart, As wyll faythfullye recey've hym with good mynde.
Lete our voyce then sounde 'some swete musycall kynde.
Resona tunc voce Antiphonam incipit, clavis David, quam prosequetur chorus cum organis, prius.
Wel Anglico sermone sic:
perfyght keye David, and hygh scepture the kyndred Jacob, whych openest and man speareth", thu speakest and man openeth; come and delyver thy servaunt mankyude, bound prison, sytting the darknesse synne and bytter dampnacyon.
asketh, enquireth.
So Chaucer's Testament of Creseide.
“Who had been there, and liking for here, “His faconde tonge and termis exquisite,
--
“Of rethorike and practike might lere.
“In brefe sermon preignant sentence write; “Before Cupide valing his cappe lite “Speris the cause that vocacion,
“And he anon shewde his entencion. ”
Again, Douglas's Virgil,
“The seik ground deny
“My fader exhortis
“To Delos, and Apollois ansuere spere,
“Be seiking him succours lere
Again,
“Aneuthir mache him was socht and sperit. ”
140.
iii.
72.
frute and fudis, turn againe our studis
B. v. p.
of of
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toof B. a us of
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se
* i. e.
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to
ACT W II, God's PROMISEs. 41
BALEUs Prlocutor.
The matters are soch that we have uttered here As ought not to slyde from your memoryall.
For they have opened soch confortable gere, As is to the helthe of this kynde universall,
Graces of the lorde and promyses lyberall,
Whych he hath geven to man for every age,
To knytt hym to Christ, and so clere hym of bondage.
As saynt Paule doth write unto the Corinthes playne,
Our fore fathers were undre the cloud of darkenes,
And unto Christe's dayes ded in the shaddowe remayne :
Yet were they not left, for of hym they had promes,
All they receyved one spirytuall fedynge doubtles.
They dronke of the rocke whych them to lyfe refreshed,
For one savynge helthe, in Christ, they confessed.
the woman's sede was Adam first justyfyed, was faythfull Noah; was just Abraham,
The faythe that sede Moses fourth multyplyed, Lykewyse David and Esaye, that after cam.
And Johan Baptyst, whych shewed the very lam. Though they seafarre, yet they had one justyce,
One Masse (as they call and Christ one sacry
fyce.
-
man can not here God better servyce,
Than thys grounde hys faythe and understand
nge.
For the worlde's synne alone Christ payed the
pryce,
hys onlye deathe was mannys lyfe alwayes restynge,
And not wyll workes, nor yet mennys deservynge, The lyght our faythe make thys thynge evydent, And not the practyse other experiment.
Where now fre wyll, whom the hypocrytes com ment
Whereby they report they maye their owne pleasure
-
at
do
in
:
is
of in
in in
of
in
to
in so all
In
A
SoIn
all
in on
to
it)
all
42 GoD's PROMISEs. ACT WII.
Do good of themselves, though grace and fayth be absent,
And have good intentes their madnesse with to measure.
The wyll of the fleshe is proved here small treasure, And so is mannys will, for the grace of God doth all. More of thys matter conclude hereafter we shall.
Thus endeth thys Tragedy or enterlude, manyfest
ynge the chefe promyses of God unto Man by ages the olde lawe, from the fall Adam, the incar
nacyon the lorde Jesus Christ. Compyled Johan Bayle, Anno Domini 1538.
EDITION.
Tragedy enterlude manyfestyng the chefe pro myses God unto man ages the olde lawe, from the fall Adam the incarnacyon the lorde Jesus Christ. Compyled Johan Bale, Anno
Domini MDXxxv. 111. the worde (which now
called the eternall sonne God) was lyfe from the
begynnynge, and that life was the lyght men. Thys
lyght yet shyneth comprehendeth
The greater part
the darknesse, but the darknesse not. —Joan I*.
this quotatiou torn the only copy
well the date and printer's
known with certainty
exist, name, any were ever appended.
* if
A of
in of
C. is as
In to
by all
of
of
off in
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to
it
of
or
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to
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of
by
THE FOUR P's.
John HeywooD, or Heewood, one of the most ancient
dramatic writers in the English language, was born in city London", and educated the University
Oxford, the ancient Hostle called Broadgate's,
after left Oxford, and became intimately acquainted
with Sir Thomas More, who lived the neighbour hood+. Here the latter wrote his celebrated work
Aldgate's parish.
He was his time more celebrated for his wit than his learning; and having Some fair possessions North Mims, resided there
called Utopia, and supposed Heywoods the composition
*Wood, his Athenae Oxonienses, vol.
have assisted his Epigrams
149, positively fixes
birth this place. Other writers have made him native North Mims Hertfordshire, but apparently without any autho
ity. Bale, who lived nearest the author's time, calls him Civis Londinensis which words, though they not absolutely
London, yet surely are sufficient warrant any one conclude that
was native that city,
belief that acquired the title Citizen London otherwise
prove that was born matter this uncertainty
-
Peacham's Compleat English Gentleman, 4to. 1627,
Gabriel Harvey’s MS. Note Speyght's Chaucer, Mr. Steevens's Shakspeare, vol.
than birth.
speaks
Bastard, his Chrestoleros, seven bookes Epigrams, Heywood and his reputation this department:
“Ifwitt may make poet, gesse, Heywood with auncient poets may compare.
But thou, word and deed, hast made him lesse his own witt, having yet learning spare.
The goate doth hunt the grasse, the wolfe the goat; The lyon hunts the wolfe proof we see
Heywood sang others downe, but thy sweete note,
WOL. I.
Davis, hath sang him downe, and
Then be not mov’d, nor count such To will thee what thou hast done
would thee. sinn,
him. ”
circumstance appears induce
1598, has the following, addressed Ad Johannem Davis, which
95. quoted
in
in
heof he in
in in
; in
it ina
by I
in
ofdo he
:
In
T. bya
of of at he
of at
a
as to in no
is
at
as I
5. to of
to
§ in : f
his
in of the St.
in
as p.
to
a
of to
1. p.
of
to in
in in
in
he aheaof$.
Sir Notes
B. 88 his Translation
Wilson,
This would he write, else Harrington quotes one
46
Through Sir Thomas More's means, it is probable our author was introduced to the knowledge of King Henry the Eighth, and of his daughter the Princess, afterwards Queen Mary; by the former of whom, he was held in much esteem for the mirth and quickness of his conceits; and so much" valued by the latter, that he was often, after she came to the throne, admitted to the honour of waiting upon and exercising his fancy before her, even to the time she lay lan guishing on her death bed. His education having been in the Roman Catholic faith, he continued steadily attached to the tenets of that religion; and during the reign f of Edward the Sixth, fell under the suspicion of practising against the government, and
narrowly escaped the halter. After the death of patroness the queen, left the nation, says Woods, for religion's sake, and settled Mechlin Brabant,
where died about the year 15655, leaving several
The subsequent Ad Lectorem the same effect; “Reader, Heywood lived now againe,
Whom time life, hath not praise bereaved; would write, could express his vaine
am deceived. ”.
Heywood's Epigrams the Orlando Furioso; and Thomas his Rhetorique, 1553, speaks Heywood's Proverbs, adding, that his “paynes that behalfe are worthye immortall “prayse. ” Barnaby Googe's Husbandry, “our English Martiall,
“John Heywood,” quoted regarding Essex cheese. would
be goal add several other authors who quote applaud lillo
Athen. Oxon. vol. 149.
“But step backe my teske (though everie place step
“to, yeeldes me sweeter discourse) what thinke you Haywood “that scaped hanging with his mirth; the King being graciously
and (as thinke) truly perswaded, that man that wrate
“pleasant and harmelesse verses, could not have any harmfull con
“ceit against his proceedings, and the honest motion
“gentleman his chamber saved him from the jerke the six “string'd whip. ”
Harington's Metamorphoses Ajax, 1596,
Athen. Oxon. vol. 149.
The subsequent anecdote given Puttenham, his Arte
English Poesie, 1589,
230.
25.
“
§# f*
i.
p.
1.
is 1.
of if
is
is to
p.
to p.
in
orI
he
by
by
of
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: of
in
of
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in
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so
p. of by orIt I
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47
children; one of whom, Jasper Heywood, translated
three of Seneca's Plays, and wrote several Poems,
printed in the Paradise of Dainty Devises, 4to. 1578. This Jasper Heywood was, according to Fuller, exe
cuted in the reign of Queen Elizabeth; but more pro
bably, as Sir Richard Baker asserts, was among those who were taken in 1585, and sent out of England *.
John Heywood + appears to be the second English
“The like hapned on a time at the Duke of Northumberland’s
“bourd, where merry John Heywood was allowed to sit at the
“table's end. The Duke had a very honourable and noble mynd
“alwayes to pay his debts well, and when he lacked money would
“not stick to sell the greatest part of his plate : so had he done a
“few days before. Heywood being loth to call for his drinke so
“oft as he was dry, turned his eye toward the cupboard and said,
“‘I finde great misse of your Grace's standing cups. ” The Duke “thinking he had spoken it of some knowledge that his plate
“was lately sold, said somewhat sharply, “Why, sir, will not “‘those cuppes serve as good a man as yourself? ' Heywood “readily replied, ‘Yes, if it please your Grace ; but I would have “‘one of them stand still at mine elbow, full of drinke, that I might “‘not be driven to trouble your men so often to call for it. ’ This “pleasant and speedy revers of the former wordes, holpe all the “matter againe, whereupon the Duke became very pleasaunt, and “dranke a bolle of wine to Heywood, and bid a cup should be “alwayes standing by him. ”
This story, in itself of very little worth, serves to shew the sort of terms Heywood was upon with the nobility of his time. C.
* The editor of the last edition of the Biographical Dictionary asserts, but without citing his particular authority for the fact,
that “ after many peregrinations, he died at Naples, January the 9th, 1598. ” C.
# Dr. Palsgrave, whose Play of Acolastus was printed in the year 1529, seems to have been the first. See Ames, 166.
Here is a mistake, which has likewise been fallen into in a note
on Cymbeline, edit. 1778, vol. 9, p. 317. Acolastus was not printed so early as 1529. The original Latin was, I think, produced in that year. Not having the play by me, I cannot exactly account for the misinformation given in that note ; but, if my memory is to be trusted, the original Latin is in verse, the translation in prose; and the title runs thus: Comedia Acolustus dicta, cum ecphrasi Anglica, per Johannem Palsgravium. Lond. per Thomam Bertheletum,
4to. 1540. S.
Ames, whose authority is quoted to prove the existence of the early edition of Acolastus, mentions both that and the later one, as though he had seen each. How far his accuracy is to be relied on, must be left to the reader's judgment.
48
dramatic writer. Oldys” says, he began to write about the year 1530, but that he could not find he published any thing so early.
The following is a List of his Works :
“A Play betwene Johan the Husband, Tyb the “Wife, and Sir Johan the Priest, by John Heywood,
“4to. Imprynted at London, by Willliam Rastall, “ the 12th Day of February, 1533. ” (Oldys's MS.
Notes, and Companion to the Play-house).
“A Mery Play betwene the Pardoner and the “Frere, the Curate, and neybour Pratte, 4to. Im
“prynted by Will" Rastell, 5th of April, 1533. ” Ames, 182. (Oldys's MS. Notes, and Companion to the Playhouse).
“The Playe called the Foure P. P. A newe and a “very mery Enterlude of A Palmer, A Pardoner, A
“Potycary, A Pedler. Made by John Heewood, 4to, “Imprynted at London in fletestreete, at the Sign of “the George, by Wyllyam Myddylton. 4to. no date. ” Also, w
“A Play of Genteelness and Nobilitie. An Inter “lude in two Parts, 4to, no date. ” (Companion to the Playhouse).
“A Play of Love. An Interlude, 4to, 1533. ” (Com panion to the Playhouse).
“A Play of the Weather, called A new and a very “ merry Interlude of manner Weathers, 1553,”
(Companion the Playhouse. Oldys's Ms. ).
Also 12mo, printed Robert Wyer, (Ames, 157) -
“The Spider and the Flie, Parable made “Heywood+. Imprinted Tho. Powell, 1556,”
4to.
date. John
Langbaine.
This parable, apologue allegory, (for one and
MS. Notes
three) not perhaps “dull, tedious, and trifling,” Warton contends;
and without much “fancy,” has both meaning and moral. “the conclusion,” Heywood informs that began the work
twenty years before was finished, and that did nothing
during interval nineteen years. He adds, that was com menced “with the first, and ended with the last,” his poor
of it
“
all
B.
by
no
an
if it
in
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49
“John Heywood's Woorkes. A Dialogue conteyn “ing the Number of the effectual Proverbes in the “English Tongue, compacte in a matter concerning
“two Maner of Mariages: with one Hundreth of Epi “grammes; and three Hundreth of Epigrammes up
“pon three Hundred Proverbes, and a fifth hundred of “Epigrammes. Whereunto are newly added, a sixte “hundred of Epigrammes, by the said John Heywoode. “Imprinted by Tho. Marshe, 1576,” 4to. B. L.
Another Edition was printed by Felix Kyngston, in 4to. B. L. 1598.
“A Brefe Balet, touching the trayterous takynge of
“Scarborow Castle. Imprinted at London by Thomas “Powel. ” On a broad side of two columns, B. L. (Among the folio volumes of Dyson's Collections, in the Library of the Society of Antiquarians). Tho.
Stafford, who took that Castle 23 April, 1557, and proclaimed himself Protector of the realm, was be headed 28 May following, and three of his accomplices were hanged. Oldys's Ms.
“A Balade of the meeting and marriage of the King “ and Queenes Highness. Imprinted by W. Ryddel. ”
One side of a large half sheet. Oldys. f
Winstanly f hath expressed a doubt, whether the
author of the epigrams and of the plays were not differ ent persons. The following epigram will be sufficient
to set that fact beyond contradiction, and at the same
time exhibit a specimen of the author's manner:—
works. The maid who sweeps down the spider, he explains to mean Queen Mary, in “sense allegoricali,” whom he calls “a mer ciful maiden;” perhaps in “sense allegorical” also. C.
* Thos. Wilson, in his Rhetorique, published in 1558, speaks of Heywood's Proverbs as then in print. They were also repub lished in 1561; and the title-page professes that the work has
been “newly oversene, and somewhat augmented, by the sayde
John Heywood. ” The only copy I have met with is imperfect at
the end, and the title-page does not state who was the printer of “John Heywoodes Woorkes” were printed collectively Henry
Wykes 1566: they consist Proverbs and Epigrams.
vol. the late edition the Royal and Noble Authors,
M. Park, poem praise Queen Mary MS. the British Museum. C.
Lives English Poets, 45. VOL's Is
printed, copied from E.
*
In
a of
in
in
of p.
of of
in
is
f
it.
I. of
by a by
50
Art thou Heywood, with thy mad merry wit? Yea, forsooth, master, that name is even hit.
Art thou Heywood, that appliest mirth more than thrift? Yes, sir, I take merry mirth a golden gift.
Art thou Heywood, that hast made many mad plays? Yea, many plays, few good works in my days.
Art thou Heywood, that hath made men merry long? Yea, and will, if I be made merry among.
Art thou Heywood, that wouldst be made merry now? Yes, sir, help me to it now, I beseech you. Winstanly and Philips ascribe to him, I think,
falsely, the Pinner of Wakefield* and Philotus, printed at Edinburgh, 1603.
Dr. Fullert mentions a book written by our author, intitled, Monumenta literaria ; which are said to be
Non tam labore condita, quan lepore condita.
* Vol. III. # Worthies, p. 221.
DRAMATIS PERSONAE.
A PALMER, A PARDoNER, A PotIcARY,
A PEDLER.
THE FOUR P's #.
Palmer. Now God be here; who kepeth this place? Now by my fayth, I crye you mercy;
Of reason I must sew for grace,
My rewdnes sheweth met so homely. Wherof your pardon axt and wonne,
I sew you”, as curtesy doth me bynde,
To tell this whiche shalbe begonne,
In order as may come beste in mynde. I am a Palmer, as ye”
Whiche my lyfe muche part have“ spent many fayre and farre” cuntrie,
Although more pains than usual were bestowed tion this piece, yet, was printed originally
the colla Dodsley
from the most corrupt the old copies, many the errors and few interpolations were allowed the subsequent editor re main. The orthography also, professed observed, was very
frequently abandoned. -
Palmer] “The difference between pilgrim and palmer was “thus; The pilgrim had some home dwelling place; but the
“Palmer had none. The pilgrim travelled some certain de “signed place places; but the palmer all. The pilgrim went “at his own charges; but the palmer professed wilful poverty, and “went upon alms. The pilgrim might give over his profession,
and return home; but the palmer must constant till had “obtained the palm, that victory over spiritual enemies,
“and life “staff, Staveley's
death, and thence his name Palmer, else from boughs palm, which always carried along him. ” Raman Horseleech, 1769, 93.
The first edition gives this line, “My rewdnes sheweth me
and that 1569 has
“My rudenes sheweth me not
homely,
- The negative certainly seems have been inserted mistake.
sew you] sue now, edition 1569. you, edit. 1569.
have] hath, 1st edit. fayre and farre] far and faire, edit, 1569.
homely. ”
** “ a In t1*
*
to
3 ye
be to be all to
by
on by
of
or
of it.
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it
p. he
by
by
a of
or
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is,
se,
no ora so so
to
he a
to
or
of as
of
54 THE You R P's.
As pilgryms do of good intent. At Hiernsalem" have I bene
Before Chryste's blessed sepulture:
The mount of Calvery have I sene’
A holy place ye may be sure.
To Josaphat and Olyvete"
On fote, god wote, I wenteryght bare : Many a salte tere dyd I swete,
* Hierusalem], Jerusalem. edit, 1569. edit. 1569.
7 have II I have,
* To Josaphat and Olyvete, Maundevile thus mentions these places. “And towards the Est syde, withoute the walles of the
“cytee Jerusalem) “to the walles, thoughe
the vale Josaphathe, that touchethe were large dyche. And anen that the cytee, the chirche Seynt “Stevene, where was stoned dethe. ” Voiage and Travaile, 8vo.
1725, 96, “And above the vale, the mount Olyvete; and “it cleped so, for the plentee olyves, that growen there.
“That mount more highe than the cytee Jerusalem is; and therefore may men upon that mount, see many the stretes the
“cytee. And betwene that mount and the cytee, not but “vale Josaphathe, that not fulle large. And fro that mount, “steighe oure Lord Jesu Christ hevene, upon Ascencioun-day:
and there schewethe the schapp his left foot- the ston. ” Voiage and Travaile, 8vo. 1725, 116.
“vale Josaphathe out
Dr. Audrew Borde's Introduction
Knowledge, 1542, Sign. that writer, who had been pilgrimage Jerusalem, says.
and that there great confluence pylgrims the holy pulchre, and many holy places, will wushe somewhat that
“doo know, and have sene the place. Whosoever that dothe “pretende Jerusalem, let him prepare himselfe
“forth England after Easter dayes,” &c. He then rects the route traveller ought take, and adds, “when you
come Jerusalem, the friers which called cordaline, they saynct Fraunces, other they wyl receave you with devocion
and brynge you the sepulchre: the holy sepulchre wythin “the church, and the mount Calvery, where Jesu Christ
did suffer his passions. The churche rounde lyke temple, “is more larger than anye temple that have sene amonges “Jues. The sepulchre grated rounde aboute wyth yrone, than “no man shall great pycke out any stones. The sepulchre
lyke lytle house, the which masons was dyged out “rocke stone. There maye stonde wythin the sepulchre ax “xii parsons, but few none dothe into the sepulcre, except “they singulerly beloved, and then they night wyth
“great feare and reverence. ”
be ofa
is
p. of (i. e.
go in
of
by
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in
of is
or
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by go
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THE Four P's 55
Before thys carkes coulde” come thare Yet have I bene at Rome also,
And gone the statyons” arow: Saynt peter's shryne and many mo,
Than told know.
Except that there any suche,
That hath ben there, and diligently Hath taken hede, and marked muche, Then can they speke muche
Then the Rodes” also was And rounde about Amias
Saynt Toncomber and Saynt Tronion”:
Saynt Bothulph" and Saynt Anne Buckston
coulde] would, edit. 1569.
the statyons (stationes, jurnee)] Answered the stages be
tween London and Rome, Holy Land; which there map
Ms. Math. Paris Roy. Libr.
and Pl. VII. Brit. Topog. vol. 85.
In Borde's Introduction (before quoted) said, and foras much there may bee many that hath wrytten the holy lands, the stacyons and the jurney way, doo passe over speake
forther this matter, &c.
. ** Rodes] Rhodes, island which the Knights Hospitallers,
now Knights Malta, retired, being driven out Jerusalem. Amias]. Probably Emaus, near Jerusalem.
Saint Toncomber and Saynt Tronion] Of these saints, places,
can give account.
Mr. Steevens letter the printer the Saint James's
Chronicle, points out the following mention Saint Tronion,
Geffrey Fenton's Tragical Discourses, 4to. 1567 fo. 114 “He re
“turned haste his lodgynge, where attended the approche “of his hower appointment wyth lesse devocyon, than the “Papistes France performe their ydolatrous pilgrimage the “ydoll, Saynt Tronyon, upon the mount Avyon, besides Roan. ” Regarding Saint Toncomber,
any thing.
This worthy also noticed Virginia 1575. Sign.
“Nay, softe, my maisters,
professes unable add the following terms Apius and
saincte Thomas Trunions.
“I
disposed buy
Saynt Bothulph] Saint Bothulph said have been born
Cornwall, and was eminent for working miracles about the time Lucius. He was buried Boston Lincolnshire.
Saynt Anne Buckston] “Within the parish Bacwell, ‘‘Derbyshyre, chappel (somtyme dedicated St. Annc),
am not
your
onions. ”
VII. and Benet. Coll.
is
I of ix. in * *”**a*
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at
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2. an to
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to
b. to
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no
; as he of I.
of
I
56 THE Four P's.
On the hylles of Armony, where I see” Noe's arke"; With holy Job, and saynt George in Southwarke”;
At Waltam” and at Walsyngham";
“ place called Bucston, wheare is a hotte bathe, of such like qualities “as those mentioned in Bathe be. Hyther they weare wont to run on “pilgrimage, ascribinge to St. Anne miraculously, that thinge which
“is in that and sondrye other waters naturally. ” Lombarde's Dic tionarium, p. 48.
