288 Grapnels,
Etruscan
invention, i.
The history of Rome; tr. with the sanction of the ... v.5. Mommsen, Theodor, 1817-1903
142, 239, 331, 332, 384, 393.
Free from taxation, iv. 157, Obtains
Italian municipal rights, v. 424 Gaditanum /return, iii. 220
Gaesatae, ii. 223 n.
Gaetulia, iii. 404, 406, 410 ; Iv. 94.
Roman merchants in, iii. 260 Gala, ii. 322
Galatas, ii. 222
Galb2. See Sulpicius
Galatia, ii. 450, 512; iii. 234, 276, 281 ; iv. 6, 25, 29, 46. Ceded by Mithradates, iv. 49
Galerii, clan-village, i. 45 Gallaeci. See Callaeci
Galleys in Gaul, v. 15 n.
Galli, priests of Cybcle, iii. 115 Gallia braccata, ii. 59 ; v. 1o Gallia cantata, v. 10
Gitllia togata, iii. 164 n. ; v. 10
Games. See Ludi
Cannicus, leader in Gladiatorial war, iv.
901
Taxation of, v. 96, 364 /. Latin lan guage and coins introduced, v. 97. Colonies in, v. 422yC Celtic inscription found in, v. 10 n. Compare Celts and C. Julius Caesar
Gaulas, ii. 143
Gaurus, battle at Mount, i. 459 n.
Gaza, iv, 316
Gaziura, iv. 348
Geganii, from Alba, i. 128
Gela, i. 166 ; ii. 145, 190
L. Gellius [consul, 682] defeated by
Spartacus, iv. 359, 3B0
Statius Gellius, i. 481
Gelo, king of Syracuse, i. 415
Genava, v. 8
Gens. See Clan
Genthius, ii. 493, 409, 501, 502, 508, 509 ;
iii. 421
Gentile*. See Agnail
Genua, iv. 167. Culture of the vine, iii.
81 «. , 415 «.
Cn. Genucius, tribune of the plebs, i. 359 L. Genucius [consul, 392}, i. 448 Gergovia, v. 81-87
Germans, origin of the word, v. so n. , s1.
First emergence in Roman history, ii. 223 n. ; iii. 430. Relations with the Celts, v. 31 /. Relations with the Romans, v. 33-36. Movements on the Rhine, v. 32-35. Settlements on the left bank of the Rhine, v. 33-36. 1b conflict with Catsar, v. 60-62
Geranium, ii. 283, 285, 287
Getae, ii. 373 n. ; iii. 424 n, \ iv. 14 v.
103/
Glabrio. See Aciliu*
54»
HISTORY OF ROME
Glad1atorial games come into vogue in patriot party, it 494 f. Ift the first Etruria, i. 436. Capuan, i. 457. In Mithradatic war, rv. 35-44. When did
Rome, iii. 42, 126 ; iv. 184, 357 ; v. 384
Gladiatorial war, iv. 357. 364 -
Goat, expiatory, i. 003
Gold takes the first place in dealings, iii. i. 293. Foundation of Rome inter
88. Its relative value to silver, iv. 178 /. In the Roman coinage, ii. 343 ; iii. 88 ; iv. 177f. Depreciated by the con
quest of Gaul, v. 96. Seams of, at Noreia, iii. 4x4; iv. 179. Washings in Gaul, v. 17
Gold ornaments introduced into Italy, i.
•53
Goldsmiths, guild of, i. 249, 253, 307
woven with the cycle of Greek legend,
Gordius, Pontic satrap, iv. 20, 23,
Sicily Ionians and Aeolians from Asia 95 /
i Constantly in close connection with
Oldest Greek influence : in
Gorgasus, ii.
Gortyna, iv. 353
Gracchus. See Sempronius Graocurris, ii.
Minor, i. /, Then colonists of
Graeco- bandry,
170.
123
165
almost all Hellenic stocks, 165
390
/Italians, state of culture, hus
Achaean, Ionian, Doric settlements in Italy, i
Greece become a Roman province T ili.
271. See Achaean league
Greek legends early diffused in Lafium,
ii. 107-1 1. 1
Greek language, knowledge of, in Italy,
i. 291/, 457; ii. 90/, 116; iii 129,
130/, 132
Greeks known to the Italians, before the
At first in Italy and
later general name of Hellenes came into vogue and replaced the older one
of Graeci, 169. i
the mother -country,
i
i Field measuring, 22-25. -
Family, i. 30. State -organization, i.
30-32. Religion, i. 32-35. Art, i. 35 Graeco more bibert,pcrgraecari, congrae-
i
25 f.
170-176.
f.
In the calendar,
House,
kindling, clothing, weapons, i. 28.
measures and weights, i. 266 In the
i. 26
Meals, fire-
care, iii. 123 Graecostasis, ii.
Originally intended
history, ii Slight intercourse 107-112.
90.
for the Massiliots, ii.
with the Greeks over the Adriatic, i 175 /, Voyages of the Greeks to the west coast of Italy north of Vesuvius, i
46
Graecus, Graicus, Grains, i. 15, 169 n.
Grain, kinds of, hi. 64 «,, 65, 66. Prices
of, ii. 344 f. ; iii. 80-82. Transmarine,
»- 367 ; iii. 77f. Hence bad effect on
Italian agriculture, iii. 78-80. Grain-
revenues of the state, i. 342. /C Requisi
tions on the provincials, iii. 31. In
Spain, ii. 393. Distributions of grain,
iii. 40. Public stores, iii. 344. Distribu the Atlantic, i. 186. In Lower Italy, tion introduced by C Gracchus, iii. 344. struggles with the Sabellian stockis, i Continued after his fall, iii. 373, 375. 419, 454^ Hellenizing of these, 456 Increased by Satuminus, iii. 470. By
Drusus the younger, iii. 485. Restricted in the Social war, iii. 504. Renewed by Cinna, iv. 70. Abolished by Sulla, iv. 11o. Re-established partially in 681, iv. 371. Completely in 691 ; iv. 490. Revived by Caesar, v. 363^ Compare Agriculture
052; ▼• 457/. 51o/
Grammatical ii. 116 n,
Granicus, river, iv. 328
Granius Licinianus explained, iv.
288 Grapnels, Etruscan invention, i. 181 Grauatores, ii. 98
; ii Adhere to jl 91 f.
Rome
in
the
Grammar, Latin, iii. 191 f. ; iv. 214 /. ,
Guras, brother of Tigranes, iv. 341
Gutta, Italian commander in the Social
war, iv. 86
Gyaros, amount of tribute from, iii 071
«. ; iv. 158 Gythium, ii 451, 453
Hadrumbtum, ii. 139, 359; iii 244. Ex empt from tribute, iii. 259.
Greece, relations with Macedonia, ii Haedui, iii 416; v. 13, z6, 19, 25, 41, 77, 996/ Declared free, ii. 436. The 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 93
alphabet, i.
i. 269. 272. In the fine arts, 291-296 ii. 96. In architecture, ii 302-306. In sculpture and design, i. 306 ,/C; ii 12o- 125. In forming myths and writing
i
Gulussa, iii 240, 251, 388
Guardianship,
78,
197. /C
272-278.
i
177 f.
by the natives,
Greeks with the Phoenicians and the natives joining thie latter for the com mand of the sea,
from the western Mediterranean and
Colonies not tolerated there
Hannibalic war, ii. 293^ Ground and water rate, iii a1 Gmmentum, ii 347 ; iii 510
i
182-186. Excluded
178 f.
Wars of the
;
ii. 172, 177
Hamilcar, Carthaginian officer, 3^9-^
Hamilcar B. -ircas, war in Sicily, ii. 19? - Hasdrubal, son of Hanno,
War in Spain, ii. 238 f. Com mander-in-chief, ii. 235. His plans, ii. 236/ Party-position, ii. 237^
185
24a Under the influence
848
INDEX 549
Halaesa. See Alaesa
Haliartus, ii. 498. S°l, 517
Halicarnassus, ii. 406, 446
Halir. yae, ii. 213
Halycus, ii. 145
Halys, 11. 471 ; iiu 280, 281 ; iv. 95, 330,
Harnae, ii. 304
Hamilcar, Carthaginian general in Sicily,
196.
a33
ii. 243-245. Conquers Saguntum, ii. cupies the Carthaginian territory, iii.
death, iii. 241
Hannibal, youth of, ii. 238. Character, 243. Collects an army, iii. 244. Oc
846
Forces and plans of war, ii.
245. Causes Hasdrubal, son-in-law of Massinissa, to be put to death, iii. 252. Commander-in-chief in the city, iii. 254, 256. Surrenders, iii. 257. State- prisoner in Italy, iii. 257
Harp-players, Asiatic female, In Rome, iii. 123
Hasdrubal, ii. 233, 243
Hasdrubal, son ofGisgo, ii. 322, 327, 330,
355i 356
Hasdrubal, brother of Hannibal, it. 238,
System of warfare, ii. 273
March from Spain to Italy, 251-264.
Allies himself with the Italian Celts, ii.
266. Italian war first campaign, ii.
267-274. Conflict on the Ticino, ii. Hasdrubal, Massinissa's grandson, iii. 268/ On the Trebia, 2707C Second 244, 249, 252. Put to death, iii. 25a campaign, ii. 273-284. Crosses the Hasmonaei. See Jews
Apennines, ii. 275. Battle at the Hasta. See Centumviral court Trasimene lake, ii. 278. Reorganization Hastati, iii. 458
of the Carthaginian infantry after the H atri2. See Atria
Roman model, ii. 279/. Marches and Hebrus, river, ii. 493 iii. 263
248, 290, 308, 322 /, 324. 327-33i- Marches to Italy, ii. 346, 347. Death,
U. 349
Hasdrubal, brother-in-law
of Hannibal, u.
239, 241, 243
Mercenary war, 205 /. „ 208, Hasdrubal, leader of the patriot-party in
Carthage, iii. /
of the Roman party, condemned to
Escapes by flight, iii.
Hecataeus, 108 campaign, ii. 305-299. Battle at Cannae, Hegesianax, ii. 453
conflicts of Fabius", ii. 280-285. Third
ii. 287-291. Fourth campaign, u. 300- Hegesias ofMagnesia, v. 453 304. Alliance with Philip of Macedonia, Heliopolites, iii. 278 «.
ii. 315. Following years of the war, 333-350- Takes Tarentum, ii. 335. Marches on Rome, ii. 338. Returns to Africa, ii. 357^ Battle at Zama, ii.
Reforms the Carthaginian con
stitution after the second Punic war, ii.
378. Is compelled by the Romans to
become an exile, ii. 379. Residence vade Gaul, v. 37/, 41-43. Defeated by
359/
with Antiochus, 449, 451, 454/-. 459-
ture
Helvetii, ii. 371 iii 423 «. , 435. 444. 447
Death, ii. 482/
Hannibal, son of Gisgo, ii. 171, 176
Hannibal Monomachus, ii. 244
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 490], ii. Heniochi, iv. 417
Hera, Lacinian, in Croton, iv. 355
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 492], u. 170 Heraea, ii. 396
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 540], 333, Heraclea in Italy, 167, 456; ii. 33*.
335
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 542],
313-/C
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 547], u. 330 Hanno, son of Bomilcar, ii. 256
Hanno the Great, 233, 235
Hanno, son of Hannibal, ii. 176 Hanaozica, iv. 414
Conquered by Alexander the Molossian, 466. Battle of, ii. 19 Makes peace with Rome, ii. 31. Attitude in
relation to Rome, ii. 43, 53 iii. 24 Heraclea Minoa, ii. 145, 161, 311 Heraclea Pontica, ii. 406. Supports the
Romans in the Social war, iii. 507 n, Besieged in the Mithradatic war, iv.
Hellanicus, ii. 109 Hellenism, iii. 107-109; iv.
191. 195: ▼. 419 Compare Alexandrinism, Comedy, Culture, Education, Litera
v. 19. State of population, v. 47. In
Caesar at Bibracte, v. 43 Driven
back, v. 44
Helvii, iv. 293; v.
C. Helvius Cinna, epic poet, v. 48s
I
ii.
ii.
:
.
ii.
ii.
ii.
ii.
i. ii.
i,
/.
i.
i.
;
;f. /
1
ii.
/. 8
/.
i.
;
/. /
/,
550
HISTORY OF ROME
33°, 333< 44* Colony of Caesar, v. with Rome, 171. Position after tba
425 first Pumic war, ii.
Free from taxation, iv. 157, Obtains
Italian municipal rights, v. 424 Gaditanum /return, iii. 220
Gaesatae, ii. 223 n.
Gaetulia, iii. 404, 406, 410 ; Iv. 94.
Roman merchants in, iii. 260 Gala, ii. 322
Galatas, ii. 222
Galb2. See Sulpicius
Galatia, ii. 450, 512; iii. 234, 276, 281 ; iv. 6, 25, 29, 46. Ceded by Mithradates, iv. 49
Galerii, clan-village, i. 45 Gallaeci. See Callaeci
Galleys in Gaul, v. 15 n.
Galli, priests of Cybcle, iii. 115 Gallia braccata, ii. 59 ; v. 1o Gallia cantata, v. 10
Gitllia togata, iii. 164 n. ; v. 10
Games. See Ludi
Cannicus, leader in Gladiatorial war, iv.
901
Taxation of, v. 96, 364 /. Latin lan guage and coins introduced, v. 97. Colonies in, v. 422yC Celtic inscription found in, v. 10 n. Compare Celts and C. Julius Caesar
Gaulas, ii. 143
Gaurus, battle at Mount, i. 459 n.
Gaza, iv, 316
Gaziura, iv. 348
Geganii, from Alba, i. 128
Gela, i. 166 ; ii. 145, 190
L. Gellius [consul, 682] defeated by
Spartacus, iv. 359, 3B0
Statius Gellius, i. 481
Gelo, king of Syracuse, i. 415
Genava, v. 8
Gens. See Clan
Genthius, ii. 493, 409, 501, 502, 508, 509 ;
iii. 421
Gentile*. See Agnail
Genua, iv. 167. Culture of the vine, iii.
81 «. , 415 «.
Cn. Genucius, tribune of the plebs, i. 359 L. Genucius [consul, 392}, i. 448 Gergovia, v. 81-87
Germans, origin of the word, v. so n. , s1.
First emergence in Roman history, ii. 223 n. ; iii. 430. Relations with the Celts, v. 31 /. Relations with the Romans, v. 33-36. Movements on the Rhine, v. 32-35. Settlements on the left bank of the Rhine, v. 33-36. 1b conflict with Catsar, v. 60-62
Geranium, ii. 283, 285, 287
Getae, ii. 373 n. ; iii. 424 n, \ iv. 14 v.
103/
Glabrio. See Aciliu*
54»
HISTORY OF ROME
Glad1atorial games come into vogue in patriot party, it 494 f. Ift the first Etruria, i. 436. Capuan, i. 457. In Mithradatic war, rv. 35-44. When did
Rome, iii. 42, 126 ; iv. 184, 357 ; v. 384
Gladiatorial war, iv. 357. 364 -
Goat, expiatory, i. 003
Gold takes the first place in dealings, iii. i. 293. Foundation of Rome inter
88. Its relative value to silver, iv. 178 /. In the Roman coinage, ii. 343 ; iii. 88 ; iv. 177f. Depreciated by the con
quest of Gaul, v. 96. Seams of, at Noreia, iii. 4x4; iv. 179. Washings in Gaul, v. 17
Gold ornaments introduced into Italy, i.
•53
Goldsmiths, guild of, i. 249, 253, 307
woven with the cycle of Greek legend,
Gordius, Pontic satrap, iv. 20, 23,
Sicily Ionians and Aeolians from Asia 95 /
i Constantly in close connection with
Oldest Greek influence : in
Gorgasus, ii.
Gortyna, iv. 353
Gracchus. See Sempronius Graocurris, ii.
Minor, i. /, Then colonists of
Graeco- bandry,
170.
123
165
almost all Hellenic stocks, 165
390
/Italians, state of culture, hus
Achaean, Ionian, Doric settlements in Italy, i
Greece become a Roman province T ili.
271. See Achaean league
Greek legends early diffused in Lafium,
ii. 107-1 1. 1
Greek language, knowledge of, in Italy,
i. 291/, 457; ii. 90/, 116; iii 129,
130/, 132
Greeks known to the Italians, before the
At first in Italy and
later general name of Hellenes came into vogue and replaced the older one
of Graeci, 169. i
the mother -country,
i
i Field measuring, 22-25. -
Family, i. 30. State -organization, i.
30-32. Religion, i. 32-35. Art, i. 35 Graeco more bibert,pcrgraecari, congrae-
i
25 f.
170-176.
f.
In the calendar,
House,
kindling, clothing, weapons, i. 28.
measures and weights, i. 266 In the
i. 26
Meals, fire-
care, iii. 123 Graecostasis, ii.
Originally intended
history, ii Slight intercourse 107-112.
90.
for the Massiliots, ii.
with the Greeks over the Adriatic, i 175 /, Voyages of the Greeks to the west coast of Italy north of Vesuvius, i
46
Graecus, Graicus, Grains, i. 15, 169 n.
Grain, kinds of, hi. 64 «,, 65, 66. Prices
of, ii. 344 f. ; iii. 80-82. Transmarine,
»- 367 ; iii. 77f. Hence bad effect on
Italian agriculture, iii. 78-80. Grain-
revenues of the state, i. 342. /C Requisi
tions on the provincials, iii. 31. In
Spain, ii. 393. Distributions of grain,
iii. 40. Public stores, iii. 344. Distribu the Atlantic, i. 186. In Lower Italy, tion introduced by C Gracchus, iii. 344. struggles with the Sabellian stockis, i Continued after his fall, iii. 373, 375. 419, 454^ Hellenizing of these, 456 Increased by Satuminus, iii. 470. By
Drusus the younger, iii. 485. Restricted in the Social war, iii. 504. Renewed by Cinna, iv. 70. Abolished by Sulla, iv. 11o. Re-established partially in 681, iv. 371. Completely in 691 ; iv. 490. Revived by Caesar, v. 363^ Compare Agriculture
052; ▼• 457/. 51o/
Grammatical ii. 116 n,
Granicus, river, iv. 328
Granius Licinianus explained, iv.
288 Grapnels, Etruscan invention, i. 181 Grauatores, ii. 98
; ii Adhere to jl 91 f.
Rome
in
the
Grammar, Latin, iii. 191 f. ; iv. 214 /. ,
Guras, brother of Tigranes, iv. 341
Gutta, Italian commander in the Social
war, iv. 86
Gyaros, amount of tribute from, iii 071
«. ; iv. 158 Gythium, ii 451, 453
Hadrumbtum, ii. 139, 359; iii 244. Ex empt from tribute, iii. 259.
Greece, relations with Macedonia, ii Haedui, iii 416; v. 13, z6, 19, 25, 41, 77, 996/ Declared free, ii. 436. The 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 93
alphabet, i.
i. 269. 272. In the fine arts, 291-296 ii. 96. In architecture, ii 302-306. In sculpture and design, i. 306 ,/C; ii 12o- 125. In forming myths and writing
i
Gulussa, iii 240, 251, 388
Guardianship,
78,
197. /C
272-278.
i
177 f.
by the natives,
Greeks with the Phoenicians and the natives joining thie latter for the com mand of the sea,
from the western Mediterranean and
Colonies not tolerated there
Hannibalic war, ii. 293^ Ground and water rate, iii a1 Gmmentum, ii 347 ; iii 510
i
182-186. Excluded
178 f.
Wars of the
;
ii. 172, 177
Hamilcar, Carthaginian officer, 3^9-^
Hamilcar B. -ircas, war in Sicily, ii. 19? - Hasdrubal, son of Hanno,
War in Spain, ii. 238 f. Com mander-in-chief, ii. 235. His plans, ii. 236/ Party-position, ii. 237^
185
24a Under the influence
848
INDEX 549
Halaesa. See Alaesa
Haliartus, ii. 498. S°l, 517
Halicarnassus, ii. 406, 446
Halir. yae, ii. 213
Halycus, ii. 145
Halys, 11. 471 ; iiu 280, 281 ; iv. 95, 330,
Harnae, ii. 304
Hamilcar, Carthaginian general in Sicily,
196.
a33
ii. 243-245. Conquers Saguntum, ii. cupies the Carthaginian territory, iii.
death, iii. 241
Hannibal, youth of, ii. 238. Character, 243. Collects an army, iii. 244. Oc
846
Forces and plans of war, ii.
245. Causes Hasdrubal, son-in-law of Massinissa, to be put to death, iii. 252. Commander-in-chief in the city, iii. 254, 256. Surrenders, iii. 257. State- prisoner in Italy, iii. 257
Harp-players, Asiatic female, In Rome, iii. 123
Hasdrubal, ii. 233, 243
Hasdrubal, son ofGisgo, ii. 322, 327, 330,
355i 356
Hasdrubal, brother of Hannibal, it. 238,
System of warfare, ii. 273
March from Spain to Italy, 251-264.
Allies himself with the Italian Celts, ii.
266. Italian war first campaign, ii.
267-274. Conflict on the Ticino, ii. Hasdrubal, Massinissa's grandson, iii. 268/ On the Trebia, 2707C Second 244, 249, 252. Put to death, iii. 25a campaign, ii. 273-284. Crosses the Hasmonaei. See Jews
Apennines, ii. 275. Battle at the Hasta. See Centumviral court Trasimene lake, ii. 278. Reorganization Hastati, iii. 458
of the Carthaginian infantry after the H atri2. See Atria
Roman model, ii. 279/. Marches and Hebrus, river, ii. 493 iii. 263
248, 290, 308, 322 /, 324. 327-33i- Marches to Italy, ii. 346, 347. Death,
U. 349
Hasdrubal, brother-in-law
of Hannibal, u.
239, 241, 243
Mercenary war, 205 /. „ 208, Hasdrubal, leader of the patriot-party in
Carthage, iii. /
of the Roman party, condemned to
Escapes by flight, iii.
Hecataeus, 108 campaign, ii. 305-299. Battle at Cannae, Hegesianax, ii. 453
conflicts of Fabius", ii. 280-285. Third
ii. 287-291. Fourth campaign, u. 300- Hegesias ofMagnesia, v. 453 304. Alliance with Philip of Macedonia, Heliopolites, iii. 278 «.
ii. 315. Following years of the war, 333-350- Takes Tarentum, ii. 335. Marches on Rome, ii. 338. Returns to Africa, ii. 357^ Battle at Zama, ii.
Reforms the Carthaginian con
stitution after the second Punic war, ii.
378. Is compelled by the Romans to
become an exile, ii. 379. Residence vade Gaul, v. 37/, 41-43. Defeated by
359/
with Antiochus, 449, 451, 454/-. 459-
ture
Helvetii, ii. 371 iii 423 «. , 435. 444. 447
Death, ii. 482/
Hannibal, son of Gisgo, ii. 171, 176
Hannibal Monomachus, ii. 244
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 490], ii. Heniochi, iv. 417
Hera, Lacinian, in Croton, iv. 355
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 492], u. 170 Heraea, ii. 396
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 540], 333, Heraclea in Italy, 167, 456; ii. 33*.
335
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 542],
313-/C
Hanno [Carthaginian general, 547], u. 330 Hanno, son of Bomilcar, ii. 256
Hanno the Great, 233, 235
Hanno, son of Hannibal, ii. 176 Hanaozica, iv. 414
Conquered by Alexander the Molossian, 466. Battle of, ii. 19 Makes peace with Rome, ii. 31. Attitude in
relation to Rome, ii. 43, 53 iii. 24 Heraclea Minoa, ii. 145, 161, 311 Heraclea Pontica, ii. 406. Supports the
Romans in the Social war, iii. 507 n, Besieged in the Mithradatic war, iv.
Hellanicus, ii. 109 Hellenism, iii. 107-109; iv.
191. 195: ▼. 419 Compare Alexandrinism, Comedy, Culture, Education, Litera
v. 19. State of population, v. 47. In
Caesar at Bibracte, v. 43 Driven
back, v. 44
Helvii, iv. 293; v.
C. Helvius Cinna, epic poet, v. 48s
I
ii.
ii.
:
.
ii.
ii.
ii.
ii.
i. ii.
i,
/.
i.
i.
;
;f. /
1
ii.
/. 8
/.
i.
;
/. /
/,
550
HISTORY OF ROME
33°, 333< 44* Colony of Caesar, v. with Rome, 171. Position after tba
425 first Pumic war, ii.
