No More Learning

2 sq. ;
said to have visited Scotland, 506, 510
Palladius, Rutilius Taurus Aemiliams,
Historia Lausiaca of, cited, 499
Palmyra, fortress at, 33; 339
Pamber, 572
Pampeluna, seized by sons of Clovis, 182:
besieged and captured by Charles tº
Great, 604; its fortifications razed, 505
606
Pamphilus, demarch, suspected of treasoe,
286
Pamphylia, 39, 397
Pannonia, outside Roman Empire, is
Lombards in, 19, 35, 194, 225; Lombark
bring herds from, to Italy, 197; Ams
in, 203; Slav and Avar raids in. º.
Avars refuse territory in, 435; 436; Sas
transplanted to, 437; the Franksin, 6. 8


## p. 869 (#901) ############################################

Indea:
869
Pantaleo, praetorian praefect, and Gregory
the Great, 252
Pantellaria, island, taken by Arabs, 381
Papacy, the, and the Henotikon controversy,
1, 5 sq. ; and Justinian, 27, 44 sqq. ; and
the Three Chapters controversy, 47;
humiliation of, in struggle with Justinian,
48; and the Frankish Church, 145 sqq. ,
256; growth of the temporal power of,
231–5; beset by the barbarians, 242; and
the Franks, 258 sq. ; strong position
gained under Gregory the Great, 261;
and the conversion of England, 515; and
the Keltic missionaries, 533; and organ-
isation of missionary effort, 536; and the
church in Scotland, 545; replaces imperial
authority in Rome, 577 sqq. ; and Charles
the Great, 615; 617; ch. xx11 passim;
and the Eastern Emperors, 688–692; and
the Lombards, 692–696; and the Franks,
696; 706
Papal Book, the, cited, 620 sq.
Paphlagonia, Persian army in, 285; 395,
413
Papinian (Aemilius Papinianus), jurist,
work of, 55; 58, 61, 80
Pappua, Mt, Gelimer defeated near, 13
Parades, 166
Paradise Lost, 117
Paris, taken by Clovis, 111; made seat of
government, 115; capital of Childebert,
116, 119; Chilperic at, 121 sq. ; 134, 147,
§ 156 sq. , 163; Augustine at, 255;
2
Paris, Bishop of. See Eusebius
Parma, subjected to Lombards, 201; duke
of, taken prisoner, ib. ; 588, 599
Parrett, River, frontier of Wessex, 552;
564
Paschalis, primicerius notariorum, arranges
the attack on Leo III, 703
Passau, made a see, 538; sends missionaries
to the Avars, 609
Passau, Bishop of. See Wivilo
Passio S. Albani, 497
Pastoral Care of Gregory the Great, 260
Patrick, St (Patricius, 497), incident in life
of, 478; 499; visit to Ireland in boyhood,
502; legends of, 503; 504 sq. ; work
in Ireland, 506 sq.
Patzinaks, the, 423, 428, 443
Paul, St, appears to Constantine in a dream,
585
Paul I, Pope, writes to intercede with Pepin
for Lombard hostages, 217 sq. ; makes a
compact with the Lombards, 218; death,
ib. ; ambassador for Stephen II, 215, 582;
and the Donation of Constantine, 586 and
note; accession, 591, 696; death, ib. ;
694, 700
Paul, Patriarch of Antioch, 398
Paul II, Patriarch of Constantinople, ap-
pointed,392; and Pope Theodore,400 sq. ;
condemned by synod at Rome, 401, 404;
death, 402
Paul III, Patriarch of Constantinople, a
Trullan Council, 408
Paul, Bishop of Numidia, and the Dona-
tists, 253
Paul, Bishop of Thessalonica, deposed, 401
Paul, Monophysite leader, and Heraclius,
398
Paul, jurist, work of, 55, 58, 60
Paul, monk, encourages revolt of Leontius,
409
Paul the Deacon, cited, 241, 244, 443, 692;
History of the Lombards of, cited, 249 sq.
Paulinus, Bishop of York, missionary to
England, 518; made bishop of York,
522; converts Northumbria, 522 sq. ;
flight, 524, 544 sq. ; made bishop of
Rochester, 526; 545, 555
Pauli Sententiae, legal work, 55, 58
Paulus, Exarch of Ravenna, plots to murder
Gregory II, 695
Paulus, general, incites Septimania to re-
bellion, 179; 180
Paulus Afiarta, papal chamberlain, leads
Lombard party in Rome against Christo-
phorus, 218,696; put to death, 219, 702;
696
Paulus Emilius, Chronicle of, cited, 174
Pavia (Ticinum), siege of, 196; Cleph made
king by the Lombards at, 197; 200;
Edictus of Rothari confirmed at, 203;
Catholic church built at, 204; bishop of,
converted to Catholicism, ib. ; election
of Grimoald at, 205; synod held at, 206;
as Lombard capital, 211 sqq. ; Pope
Stephen visits Aistulf at, 215, 233, 584,
695; Aistulf retires to, 216 sq. , 589; be-
sieged, 220, 599, 702; surrenders to
Charles the Great, ib. ; taken by Agilulf,
250; 590, 602, 693
Pax Julia. See Bejar
Peada, King of the Middle Angles, marries
Oswy's daughter, 528; is baptised, ib. ,
529, 546; 545, 547; acquires territory,
551 sq. ; plans a monastery, 552; assassi-
nated, ib.
Peak, the, 544
Pecsaete, the, 544
Pedro del Corral, cited, 184
Peene, River, 614
Pelagianism, flourishes in Britain, 500;
spread of, in Britain, checked, 501
Pelagius, St. , 375
Pelagius I, Pope, election of, 48
Pelagius II, Pope, sends Gregory to Con-
stantinople, 238; fails to obtain help
against Lombards, 239; death, 239 sq. ;
247, 254
Pelagius, heretic, 497; probably British by
birth, 500, 504
Pelagius, legate, and Justinian, 45 sqq.
Pelagius of Covadonga, banished, 182
Peloponnesus, the, Avars and Slavs in,
440, 453
Pelusium, taken by the Persians, 290;
taken by the Arabs, 350


## p. 870 (#902) ############################################

870
Indea:
Pembrokeshire, 473
Penda, King of Mercia, restoresheathenism,
524 sq. ; victories of,525,543sq. ; at Maser-
field, 527, 546; 528; extent of domain,
544 sq. ; defeat and death, 547; lasting
results of reign, ib. ; 549, 551 sq.
Penge, 572
Penn, Wulfhere victorious at, 552; 572
Penrith, 475
Pentapolis, the, 212 sq. , 215; forms a
ducatus, 228; raises men for service
against Phocas, 287; Saracen invasion
of, 351, 366; 380; 598, 603, 691, 694,
700; Desiderius ravages, 701
Pepin I (of Landen), Mayor of the Palace,
rules in Austrasia, 123 sq. ; family of,
126; 136
Pepin II (of Heristal), parentage, 126;
successes, 127 sq. ; and the Church, 128;
and Willibrord, 535; death, 536
Pepin III (the Short), King of the Franks,
118; inherits part of the kingdom, 130;
usurps entire authority, 131; is elected
king, ib. , 575; aids in reform of Frankish
Church, 146; and Liutprand, 211; sup-
ports the Pope against the Lombards,
216 sq. ; “restitutions” of, 233; re-
covers southern Gaul from Arabs, 374 sq. ;
539; and church organisation, 540; a-
nointed by Boniface, 541, 581, 699; his
question to the Pope, 576 sqq. , 580;
rewards his supporters, 581; gains Septi-
mania, 582; subdues the Saxons, ib. ;
invites Pope Stephen II, 583, 695; a-
nointed by the Pope, 584; “Patrician of
the Romans,” 585, 598 and note; 586
note; gets rid of rivals, 587; alleged
donation of, 588, 700; Aistulf submits to,
589 sq. ; holds synods, 592; conquers
Aquitaine, 593; divides the kingdom,
593 sqq. ; death, 594; character, ib. ;
597, 599; forms an alliance with the
Abbasids, 604; and the Duke of Bavaria,
606; requires tribute of the Saxons, 610;
615; and the Church land, 646; 659,
662; postpones the campus martius to
May, 669; 670, 696, 701 sq. ; 706
Pepin, son of Carloman, disinherited by
Charles the Great, 596; captured, 599
Pepin, son of Charles the Great, anointed
King of Italy, 600; conquers the Avars,
609; 624, 659
Perberis, Maximus at, 403
Perétarit, King of the Lombards, quarrels
with his brother, 204; seeks help of
Avars, 205; and of Franks, ib. ; made
king, 206; alliances, ib. ; death, ib. ;
210 sq.
Peredeo, Lombard, conspires against Alboin,
196
Pergamum, taken by Arabs, 396
Périgueux, 125
Persarmenia, in revolt, 270; returns to
Persian allegiance, 274; Tiberius offers
to surrender, 275
Persia, at war with Rome (530-533. 7 sq. -
16, 28 sqq. , (540–545), 29 sqq. , (572–628.
272, 274–299; controls eastern trade, 41;
Roman law in, 58; 263 sqq. ; and the
Turks, 269 sq. , 279; the Holy Crºs
carried into, 290; 330 sq. ; at war with
the Muslims, 338 sq. , 346 sqq. ; Isir
in, 348 sq. ; ascendaney of the Shi'a in-
348 sq. , 364; 353, 359, 500, 690
Persian Gulf, the, 41; Zoroastriani-
prevalent near, 304; 348 -
Persians, in the imperial army, Il; 15; and
war with Rome, 28 sqq. , 242; trade ºf
41; Jews give help to, 174; 266, 274 sq. -:
at the battle of Solochon, 2. 77: 278 sq. ;
successful against Phocas, 285; continue
the war against Heraclius, 288 sq. -
capture Jerusalem, 290; hold Armenia.
291; take Alexandria, 292; defeated sº
sea, ib. ; driven from Asia Minor, 293 sq. ;
defeated, 298; 303; at war with Muslims,
346 sqq. ; and Islām, 364, 376; 338, 443,
689
Perthshire, 512
Perugia (Perusia), taken by Totila. 17:
occupied by Lombards, 201, 244; 213;
besieged by Lombards, 215; ducatiº of.
formed, 228; 693
Perun, Slavonic god, 482
Pessinus, taken by Arabs, 396; 462
Peter, St. , 145; 237, 246 sq. , 249, 252 sq. -
534, 576, 578 sq. ; appears to Constantine,
585; 586 sqq. ; letter to Pepin as frºm.
589, 590 and note, 700; 591, 596 sq. ;
602, 615, 617
Peter, St, tomb of, Desiderius visits, 217 sq. ;
keys offered at, 590; Charles the Gres:
visits, 599; keys of, sent to Charles the
Great, 619, 704; Liutprand at, 695
Peter, Patriarch of Constantinople, and the
“Type,” 402 sq. ; condemned by synod
at Rome, 404
Peter, monk, sent by Augustine to Gregory.
516; first abbot of St Augustine's, 519
Peter, brother of the Emperor Maurice, in-
competent as a general, 280 sq. ; brings
to Constantinople news of the army
revolt, 281; slain, 284
Peter, archdeacon, 260
Peter, patrician and senator, negotiates fºr
peace with Persia, 274
Peter Barsymes, made praetorian
26; corrupt dealings of, 42, 50
Peter the Great, results of capitation-tax of.
422
Peterborough, origin of, 552
Peter's Pence, inauguration of the payment.
565
Petra Justiniana, fortress of, in the second
Persian war, 29 sq. ; 33
Petra Pertusa, destroyed, 198
Petronia, betrays the plot of Germanus, 2S6
Phanagoria, Justinian II at, 4ll
Pharos, island and fortress, taken by
Nicetas, 287


## p. 871 (#903) ############################################

Indea:
871
Phasis, 29, 349, 412
Philae, temple of Isis at, 44
Philagrius, treasurer, banished, 391; 392
Philip, Lombard candidate for the papal
throne, driven out, 218
Philippicus (Wardan), Eastern Emperor,
early career, 413; becomes emperor, ib. ;
character, 414; ecclesiastical policy, ib. ;
inefficient rule, ib. ; blinded, 415
Philippicus, brother-in-law of Maurice, at
the battle of Solochon, 277 sq. ; retreats,
278; superseded in the command, ib. ;
reappointed, and again superseded, 279;
made a priest, 284; commands army in
Armenia, 289; invades Persia, 290
Phisãnitae (Danubians), 432
Phocas, Eastern Emperor, elected, 250;
murders Maurice, ib. ; cordiality of Gregory
the Great to, 250 sq. ; leader of the mal-
contents, 281; emperor, 282; murders
Maurice and his family, ib. ; general
hatred of, 284; his treachery to Narses,
285; plots against, 286 sq. ; killed, 288;
296, 300, 451, 689
Phoenice, the Mardaites invade, 397
Phoenicia, earthquakes in, 51; 278; over-
run by the Persians, 285
Phoenicians, the, 365
Phoenix (Dhāt as-Sawāri), Byzantimes de-
feated at, 353, 393; Arabs cut wood at,
415 sq.
Photeinos, governor of Sicily, defeated by
Saracens, 381
Phrygia, 39
Piacenza, subjected to Lombards, 201; 204
Piasts, the, dynasty of, 449 sq.
Picacho de Weleta, the, 164
Picenum, Roman army occupies, 15; 228
Picts, the, and Palladius, 506; kingdom of,
511; conversion of, 512 sq. ; 526; and
Oswy, 552; Ecgfrith and, 559
Piers Bridge, inscription at, 474
Pillars of Hercules, 14; mark limit of the
Empire, 19, 22
Piragast, 453
Pisa, attacks Sicily, 389
Pisidia, 39, 417
Pius IX, Pope, 701
Plasencia, 166
Plectrude, wife of Pepin II, regent, 128
Pliny, the Elder, cited, 460, 465, 470
Plough Monday, 485
Plumptonwall, inscription at, 475
Pluscarden, priory, 509
Po, River, Franks pillage valley of, 15;
Totila crosses, 16; Romans defend the
line of, against Lombards, 196; 228, 250;
boundary of papal domain, 590, 702; 693
Poeta Saxo, 625 sq.
Poitiers, battle of Wouglé near, 114, 160;
convent founded at, 119; seized by Chil-
peric, 122; resists Arab attack, 129;
battle of (732), ib. , 374 sq. ; 141, 147;
Fortunatus at, 156
Poitiers, Bishopof. SeeWenantiusFortunatus
Poitiers, Gap of, 115, 129
Poland, 454 note
Polesians, the, 424 sq.
Polesie, ch. xrv passim; original home of
the Slavs, 418 sqq. ; described, 419 sq. ;
436; the Dregovichi in, 438
Polimartium, castle of, taken by Liutprand,
213
Polybius, cited, 430
Pomerania, 424, 454 note, 455 and note
Pompeius, nephew of Anastasius, and the
Nika Riot, 8 sq. ; executed, 9
Pompierre, 122
Pontefract, 544
Ponthion, Pope Stephen meets Pepin at, 699
Pontine Islands, the, attacked by Arabs,
381
Pontus steppe, the, 427 sqq.
Pontus Polemoniacus, 396
Ponza, used as a naval base, 385
Popes (Bishops of Rome). See Adeodatus,
Agapetus, Agatho, Benedict I, Boni-
face IV, Boniface V, Celestine I, Con-
stantine, Eugenius, Felix IV, Gregory I,
Gregory II, Gregory III, Gregory VII,
Hadrian I, Honorius, Hormisdas, John I,
John III, John IV, John W, John VI,
John VII, John VIII, John X, Leo I,
Leo II, Leo III, Liberius, Martin I,
Nicolas I, Paul I, Pelagius I, Pelagius II,
Pius IX, Sergius I, Severinus, Silverius,
Sixtus III, Stephen II, Stephen III,
Sylvester I, Theodore, Victor I, Vigilius,
Vitalian, Zacharias, Zephyrinus
Populonia, promised to the Pope, 603
Porta d’Italia, Desiderius awaits Charles at,
220
Portucale. See Oporto
Portugal, 170, 186
Posidonius, 459, 467
Praevalis, Slav and Avar raids in, 296
Pragmatic Sanction (554), 20
Prague, 450
Přemysl, peasant prince of Bohemia, 449 sq.
Přemyslids, the, dynasty of, 449 sq.
Pripet, River, 418 sqq. - -
Priscus, general, soldiers mutiny against,
278; successful against Slavs and Avars,
280 sq. ; 284; marries a daughter of
Phocas, 286; 287; deserts Phocas, 288;
sent against the Persians, ib. ; forced
into a monastery, 289; 300
Priscus, Jew, and King Chilperic, 156
Proconsularis, again included in the Empire,
14
Procopius, general, in Asia Minor, 393
Procopius of Caesarea, historian, cited, 14,
17 sq. , 20, 22 sq. , 31 sqq. , 111, 162,226,
237, 420, 422, 424 sq. , 485
Propontis. See Marmora
Prosper of Aquitaine, cited, 500 sqq. ; career
of, 502
Protadius, Mayor of the Palace, 157
Protasius, Bishop of Aix, and Gregory the
Great, 254


## p. 872 (#904) ############################################

872
Index
Provence, held by Franks, 15, 19, 109;
war in, 114; 116 sqq. ; Arabs driven
from, 129; conferred on Pepin, 130; titles
of officials in, 137 sq. ; papal authority in,
146; 157; a part included in Ostro-
gothic kingdom, 161; 211; Saracen raids
into, 384; 461; assigned to Carloman,
595
Friim, monastery of, 148
Prussia, 482
Prussians, the, 418, 433 note
PrymneSBUs. See Acroinus
Pseudo-Caesarius of Nazianzus, cited, 421,
432
Pseudo-Nestor, cited, 434, 437
Ptolemy, cited, 435
Pujol, Perez, historian, cited, 188
Pulkava, court-ohronicler to Charles IV,
cited, 449
Punjab, the, Arabs reach, 363
Puy-de-Ddme, Mt, 461
Pylae, Heraclius reaches, 293
Pyrenees Mts, 109; bound kingdom of
Clovis, 114; 119, 122; the Arabs cross
128, 373 sq. ; 159; Franks retreat to
163; Vascons driven beyond, 172; 175
Arabs driven back across, 375; 459, 461
581; become Frankish frontier, 593; 604
Franks defeated in, 605; 606, 615
Pyrrhus, Patriarch of Constantinople, and
the bequest to Martina, 391; flight, 392;
and the Monothelete controversy, 400 sq. ;
deposed, 401; restored, 402; death, ib. ;
condemned by synods at Borne, 401, 404,
690
Quartodecimanism, the British Church
charged with, 520
Quierzy-sur-Oise (Carisiacum, Kiersy), death
of Charles Martel at, 130; Pepin holds a
council at, 584, 595, 699; donation of
Pepin signed at, 588, 599
Quinisextine Council in Trullo. See Trullan
Council
Baab, Biver, 609
BadagaiBUS, 482
Badbod, Frisian king, and Willibrord,
535 sq. ; death, 536
Badegund, wife of Chlotar I, founds Ste Croix
of Poitiers, 119,147; and Fortunatus, 156
Bado, Abbot of St Vaast, chancellor, 662
Badoald, son of Gisulf, Duke of Friuli, 203;
made duke, 204
Badosta, 450
Badzadh, Persian general, defeated and
slain, 298
Baedwald, King of East Anglia, apostasy
of, 521; helps Edwin of Deira, 522; 524;
543
Bagnachar, King of the Salian Franks, 110;
death, 115
Bagnarok, 495
Bagusa, founded by fugitives from Epi-
daurus, 296; trades with Vlakhs, 441
Bagusans, the, and the Vlakhs, 441
Bakka, 357
Bambervillers, origin of name, 152
Ban, daemon of the sea, 488
Raphael Sanzio, 385
Batchis, King of the Lombards, made duke
by Liutprand, 213; made king, 214;
romanising policy gives offence, 215; ab-
dicates, ib. ; becomes a monk, ib. , 695;
again acknowledged king, 217, 590; again
abdicates, 217; makes a truce with Pope
Zacharias, 580
Bathcolpa, connected by tradition with
St Patrick, 506
Batiaria, fort at, 33
Bauching, duke, attacks Brunhild, 122;
cruelty, 149
Bavenna, 2, 6; Witigis holds out in, 15;
capitulates, 16; Belisarius holds, 17; 20;
rebuilt and made a capital, 24; 26, 49;
Fortunatus educated at, 156; Rosamund
and Helmechis flee to, 196; 198; 200 sq. ;
taken and retaken, 213; threatened by
Liutprand, 214; Aistulf established at,
215,695; 218; Desiderius threatens, 219;
residence of exarch, 227; 282; 228; 230;
reorganisation of militia in, 231; diffi-
culties between the archbishop and the
pope, 233; 244, 248 sq. ; imperial au-
thority holds out in, 250; Maximus in
penance at, 254; Louis II at, 386;
Pyrrhus at, 401; authority of the exarch
at, 577; occupied by Lombards, 578, 580,
691; Lombards agree to oede, 589, 700;
the Emperor claims, 590; 597; 686, 692;
Paulus Afiarta put to death at, 702
Bavenna, Bishops and Archbishops of.
See John, Leo, Michael
Bayy, taken by Arabs, 348
Bebais, monastery at, 148
Becared I, King of the Visigoths, son of
Leovigild, given part of kingdom, 166;
suppresses insurrection, 167 sq. ; Beco-
polis named after, 168; at war with the
Franks, 170 sq. ; elected king, 171, 259;
becomes a Catholic, 171 sq. , 259 sq. ;
laws of, 173; punishes Jews, 174; 178,
186, 190, 192; buildings and coins of,
193
Becared II, King of the Visigoths, 175
Beceswinth (Becceswinth), King of the
Visigoths, subdues insurrection, 177; calls
Eighth Council of Toledo, ib. ; persecutes
the Jews, ib. ; code of laws of, 178 sq. ;
death, 179; 187, 192; buildings of, 193
Bechiarius, King of the Sueves, 165
Bechsind, Visigothio noble, 182
Becimir, son of Swinthila, receives part of
kingdom, 175
Becopolis, city named after Becared, 168
Beoulver, Boman remains at, 501; grant of
land to the abbot of, 558 sq.
Bednitz, Biver, 657
Bed Sea, the, trade on, 41; 304, 317
Begensburg, the missionary Rupert in, 533;


## p. 873 (#905) ############################################

Indea:
873
Emmeran in, 534; diocese formed for,
538
Reggio (Rhegium), Arab pirates attack, 381;
Maximus at, 403; 599
Regnitz, River, Avars on, 436; 438,452 sq.
Regulae Pastoralis Liber of Gregory the
Great, 240
Regulus, said to have brought relics of
St Andrew to Scotland, 510
Remedius, Bishop of Rouen, provides for
the teaching of music to his monks, 591 sq.
Remi (St Remigius), Bishop of Rheims, and
Clovis, 111; establishes bishopric at Laon,
142
Remismund, King of the Sueves, allied
with Theodoric II, 165
Reptilamis, Gepid chief, escapes to Con-
stantinople, 268
Resaina, surrenders to the Persians, 285
Reshtunians, the, 353
Respublica Romana, the, 597, 603, 618,
623
Restitutus, Bishop of London, at the
Council of Arles, 498
Rhaetia, outside Roman Empire, 18, 224;
Alemans in, 113, 118
Rhé, Isle of, 131, 137
Rhegium. See Reggio
Rheims, 110; baptism of Clovis at, 112,
532; capital of Theodoric, son of Clovis,
116; metropolitan see, 145; seat of cloth
manufacture, 155; archbishopric restored,
540; 696
Rheims, Bishops of.
Rheinhesse, 476
Rhiannon (Régantòna), goddess, 477
Rhine, River (and frontier), 110 sq. , 113,
116, 128, 133; embankment made, 144;
Slavs cross, 435; 453,459 sqq. , 533,582,
611; scheme for connecting with the
Danube, 657
Rhiw Fabon. See Ruabon
Rhodes, island, Persians seize, 294; Martina
and her sons banished to, 392; taken by
Arabs, 393; the colossus destroyed, ib. ;
Arab colony in, 397; fleet meets at, 416
Rhodope, Slav and Avar raids in, 296
Rhone, River, 109, 112, 118; boundary of
Septimania, 160, 581; 198
Rhun, son of Urbgen, 523 note
Ribble, River, 476
Ribchester, inscription at, 474
Riccones, 166 and note
Richar, prince of the Salian Franks, mur-
dered, 115
Richborough, probably the landing-place of
Augustine, 516
Ricimer, 705
Ridda War, the, 334 sqq.
Rienz, River, 225
Riesengebirge, the, 435
Riez, baptistery at, 157
Riez, Bishop of. See Faustus
Rignomer, prince of the Salian Franks,
murdered, 115
See Remi, Hincmar
Rimini (Ariminum), Witigis fails to take,
15; residence of the dur of Pentapolis,
228
Riocatus, British bishop, 499
Ripon, Wilfrid at, 530, 554 sq. ; Willibrord
at, 535; 559
Ripuarian Franks, settled about Cologne,
110, 115; accept Clovis as king, 116,
133; 134; date of law of, 138
Risingham, inscriptions at, 474 sq.
Rochester, Justus at, 521 sq. ; burnt, 557;
558; landbooks of, 563
Rochester (Durobrivae), Bishops of. See
Ithamar, Justus
Roderick (Ruderico), last King of the Visi-
goths, defeats Achila, 183; legends of,
ib. ; Arab attack on, 184; defeated at
Lake Janda, 185, 371; probable end of,
186; 187, 372
Rodez, taken by Franks, 114, 160; reverts
to Visigoths, 161
Rodoald, King of the Lombards, reigns, 203;
death, ib.
Rogatus of Africa, 288
Roland [. . . ] Praefect of the Bri-
tannic March, falls at Roncesvalles, 605
Rolandslied, of the Pfaffe Conrad, 605, 625
Roman Duchy, the (ducatus Romae), 228,
233, 577, 580, 582; surrendered to the
Pope, 590, 598; 597; 686, 691, 693 sq. ;
invaded by Liutprand, 695
Romania, name given to the possessions of
the Roman Church, 601
Roman Law, ch. III passim, 193
Romans, the, and the Persian wars, 28–30,
274–300; in Burgundy, laws for, 57; 71;
76, 89 sq. ,97 sqq. , 139,149, 165, 187; and
the Lombards, ch. vi. 1 passim; betray
Christophorus, 218; 244; and Gregory
the Great, 260; claim Suania, 266; and
the Avars, 268 sq. , 451; Iberians join,
270; and the Syrian Arabs, 331; 365,
372; and the Arabs in Asia Minor,
393 sqq. ; 402; destroy Melitene, 406;
defeated, 407; victorious, 410; 412, 414,
417,426, 442, 453 sq. ; 460, 462 sq. ;
466 sq. , 484, 487, 490, 495; in Britain,
496, 504; 520, 538, 583, 617 sq. ; ill-treat
Leo III, 619; with the Franks try the
case of Leo III, 620; 632 sq. , 639,689 sq. ,
693, 696, 706
Romanus, Byzantine general, annexes a
Suevic duchy, 167 sq.
Romanus, chaplain to Eanfled, 528
Romanus, exarch, wins support of a section
of Lombards, 200; death, 201,249; cam-
paign of, 244
Romanus, general, defeats the Persians,
279
Roman Wall, the, 545
Rome (the City), 4; taken by Belisarius,
15; taken by Totila, 17; taken by Byzan-
times, 18; depletion of, 23; granted
privileges by Justinian, 24; Vigilius
fetched from, 47, 689; 48, 54; reception


## p. 874 (#906) ############################################

874
Index
of Theodosian Code at, 56; law school
at, 61; treatment of slaves at, 62; 69,
93, 95 sq. , 101; Willibrord at, 128, 535;
attacked by Lombards, 130, 212; Carlo-
man takes Orders at, 131; 147, 194;
siege of (579), 198; siege of (593), 201,
244 sq. ; 205,207,213; Aistulf threatens,
215; siege of (756), 216, 217; disputed
papal election at, 218; threatened by
Desiderius, 219; Senate ceases to meet
in, 223; position of the officials in, 225;
ducatus of, 228, 233; the Pope under-
takes care of aqueducts and walls of,
229; provisioning of, 230; 231; 232;
Gregory the Great born in, 235; prae-
fect in, 236; Gregory obliged to remain
in, 237; and shares in governance of,
238; return of Gregory to, 239; the
plague at, 240; influence of Gregory at,
241; administration of Gregory at, 242 sq. ;
miserable condition of, 249 sq. ; 251;
bishop of Aquileia summoned to, 253;
and Phocas, 284, 286; the Saracen attack
on, 385; 387; Constans II at, 394; 399;
imperial army in, 401; arrest of Maximus
at, 402; 403; synod held at, 404; Mono-
theletes banished to, 405; Callinicus
banished to, 411; 412,414, 462, 468 sq. ,
473, 475, 496, 499; modes of calculating
Easter in use at, 501; Prosper at, 502;
515; missionaries to England leave, 516;
517, 529; pilgrims to, 533 sqq. ; Winfrid
at, 536, 538; 537, 555; Wilfrid at, 558,
562; Ceadwalla at, 560; Ine goes to,
563; Benedict Biscop visits, 573; supreme
authority of the Pope in, 577 sqq. ; the
Lombards threaten, 580, 589 sqq. ; 584 sq.
,
588; Stephen II returns to, 589; keys
of surrendered cities brought to, 590;
591; Desiderius at, 596; 597; reception
of Charles the Great at (774), 599, 702;
600 sqq. ; 616 sq. ; Eleutherius at, 618;
rises against Leo III, 619, 703; Leo re-
turns to, 620, 704; Charles crowned
emperor in, ib. ; 621 sq. , 687, 692 sqq. ;
Liutprand in, 695; 696; and the arch-
bishops of Canterbury, 697; 698; ill-
treatment of the Popes at, 701; Pope
Hadrian suppresses disorder at, 702
Rome (the State), 14; position of, 19; 22;
and the eastern tribes, 28; and the
defence of the frontiers, 32; and the
barbarians, 35 sq. ; 50, 71; and the
Visigoths, 109; and the Franks, 110;
and the Teutons, 132 sqq. ; and the
Lombards,207sqq. ; 231,233; exhaustion
of, 263; ideals of Justin II for, 265; and
the Avar embassy, 266; and Persia,
ch. Ix passim; and the Avars, 268 sq. ;
and the Turks, 269 sq. ; policy of
Tiberius II for, 273,277; and Heraclius,
300; colonising power of, 365; 459,
471 sq. , 480, 488, 500, 514, 635, 653;
evil effect of, on nations settled within
the Empire, 702
Rome, Bishops of. See Popes
Rome, Church of, triumphant in Hematiºn
controversy, 5 sq. ; Justinian aims =
reunion with, 27, 44 sq. ; Brunhild anº.
124; and the Franks, 146; Lombards
take possessions of, 197; St Columbans
and, 202; becomes predominant in Lº-
bard Italy, 206: 218; growing power,
229; great wealth, ib. ; chief landowne,
in Italy, 230; opposed to the Empire
231, 236; precedence of, disputed, 245;
under Gregory the Great, 248 sqq. , 251;
supremacy of, acknowledged in Africa.
252 sq. ; growth of authority in Gaº
256 sqq. ; and the Monothelete contrº
versy, 400, 690; and Constans II. 45:
and the Trullan Council, 408, 412,415,
690; differs in custom from Church ºf
Gaul, 518; and of Britain, 519 sq. ; cº-
servance of Easter by, 520; 524; and the
work of Boniface, 536 sqq. ; 545; and
the Iona missionaries, 554; Wilfrid sº
peals to, 556 sq. ; and the Frankish
Church, 576; greatest landed proprietor.
577; relations with Constantinople, 578,
601; relations with Charles the Great.
603 sq. , 615; and the sons of Charlestºs
Great, 624; 686 sq. ; early disputes with
Eastern churches, 688; and Justinian.
689; and the Iconoclasts, 691; positive
of, with regard to the Lombards in Italy,
694; and the conversion of England.
697
Rome, Marinus, Duke of, plots to murdes
Gregory II, 695
— Peter, Duke of, expelled, 414
Romuald, son of Arichis of Beneventº,
envoy to Charles the Great, 601
Romulus, 692
Ronan, monk of Lindisfarne, 528
Roncesvalles, legends and history of the
fight at, 486, 605
Ronda, 164
Rooky Wood, inscription at, 475
Rös, the, 423, 425, 429, 431, 433
Rosamund, daughter of Kunimund, Kingct
the Gepidae, marries Alboin, 195; mur-
ders Alboin, 196; flees to Ravenna, i. ;
death, ib.
Rosas, Leovigild at, 167
Rosellae, promised to the Pope, 603
Rosières, origin of name, 152
Rossano, taken by Totila, 17
Rostafiñski, J. , Polish botanist, his evidence
for the original home of the Balto-Slavs.
cited, 418
Rothari, King of the Lombards, Duke of
Brescia (“King Rother”), made King ºf
the Lombards, 203; policy, ib. ; car-
quests, ib. ; Edictus of, 203 sq. , 208:
Liguria taken by, 228
Rotrud, daughter of Charles the Grea,
sought in marriage for Constantine Wi.
601; 663
Rouen, Brunhild escapes from, 121; metrº-


## p. 875 (#907) ############################################

Index
875
politan see, 145; inscription at, 475;
archbishopric restored, 540
Rouen, Bishops of. See Grimo, Remedius,
Victrioius
Roumanians, the, (Vlasi, Vlakhs), 420; early
history, 440, 441 and note
Rouvray, origin of name, 152
Bouvres, origin of name, 152
Royalty, of the Franks, Merovingian, 133 sq. ,
640 sq. , 656; Carolingian, 620 sq. , 659;
of the Lombards, 208, 210; of the Visi-
goths, 176 sq. ; of the English, 569
Ruabon (Rhiw Fabon), 475
Riigen, Island of, (Ruiana), Slavs on, de-
scribed, 438; viking inhabitants, 456
Rueil, 115
Rngiland, occupied by Lombards, 195
Rupert, St (Rodbert), founds church of
Salzburg, 128, 533
Ruricius, Bishop of Limoges, in exile, 113
Rurik, dynasty of, creates Russian State,
432, 434
Russ, the, Germanic tribe, 434 and note,
443
Russia, spread of Christianity in, 35; trade
in, 41; 421; Slavs in, 423 sqq. ; Oriental
coins found in, 428; rule of the Varan-
gians in, 431; 433 sq. , 438, 450, 493
Russians, the, (White), 420 sqq. , (Little),
420; 437 note
Rustam, Persian general, 339; commands
against Muslims, 346; slain, 347
Rutland, 552
Saale, River, Avars on, 436 sq. ; Croats on,
438; Franks on, 439; 443sq. ; Sorbs on,
451 sqq. , 614
Saarburg in Lorraine, 475
Sabaeans, the, decline in prosperity of, 303
Sabaria, 166
Sabians, name given to disciples of Mahomet,
309 and note
Sabina, the, 603
Sabinus, jurist, 55
Sabor, River, 166
Sacerdos, priest, attends bishops at Council
of Aries, 498
Sa'd ibn Abl Wakkas, general, defeats
Persians, 346 sq. ; at the election of the
caliph, 355
Saeberht, King of the East Saxons, becomes
a Christian, 521; 522
Saethryd, step-daughter of Anna of East
Anglia, enters the monastery of Brie,
525
Saeward, King of Essex, drives Mellitus
from London, 522
Saexred, King of Essex, drives Mellitus
from London, 522
Sagas, the, of Scandinavia, 480 sqq.
Sagiuyne. See Segoyuela
Sahara, the, 35, 368
Sahin, Persian general, occupies Cappadocia,
285; successes of, 289 sq. ; 293; defeated,
294 sq. ; death, 295; 297
Sahrbarfiz, Persian general, enters Mesopo-
tamia, 285; 269; takes Jerusalem, 290;
invades Egypt, ib. ; cuts off corn supply,
291; takes Alexandria, 292; in Cilicia,
293; defeated by Heraclius, ib. ; removes
bridge, 294; before Constantinople, 295
sq. ; 298; treats with Heraclius, 299;
reigns a month, ib.
Saif ibn Omar, cited, 337
St Albans (Verulamium), martyrdom of
St Alban at, 497
St Alban's Abbey, founded by Offa, 565
St Andrew, monastery of, at Rome, founded
by Gregory the Great, 237; abbot of, 240
S. Angelo, castle of, origin of the name,
240
St Asaph's, Bishops of. See Asaph, Kenti-
gem
St Augustine's monastery, Canterbury,
founded, 519
St Benignus, Dijon, monastery of, 147
St Bertin, monastery of, King Childeric
confined in, 131
St Brieuc, 118
Ste Croix, Poitiers, convent of, founded,
119, 147
St Denis, abbey of, Charles Martel buried
at, 130; 576; land awarded to, 581;
council held at, 584; copy of the Dona-
tion of Constantino found at, 586 note;
Pepin dies at, 594
St Erasmus, monastery of, Leo III im-
prisoned at, 619, 703
St Gall, monastery of, 148
St Gall, the Monk of. See. Notker
St Germain-des-Pres, origin of, 119, 147;
157
St Honorat, abbey of, 147
St Judicael, 118
St Lawrence, monastery of, in Bergamo,
644
St Malo, 118
St Marcel, Chalon-sur-Saone, monastery of,
founded by Guntram, 147
St Martin of Tours, abbey of, 147, 157, 662
St Medard, monastery of, at Soissons,
founded by Chlotar I, 147
St Mihiel-sur-Meuse, monastery of, 148
St Olaf'B axe, 482
St Peravy-la-Colombe, Sigismund murdered
at, 117
St Quentin, 127
SS. Stephen and Sylvester, monastery of,
attack made on Leo III at, 703
St Tutwal, 118
St Victor, abbey of, at Marseilles, 147
St Vincent, monastery of, near Paris,
founded, 119, 147, 157, 163
S. Vincenzo, abbot of, ambassador to Ais-
tulf, 215, 582
S. Vincenzo, on the Voltumo, monastery
of, and the Saracens, 386
St Yrieix, monastery of, founded, 147
Saintes, 125
Sakifa, hall of the Banu Sa'ida, 333


## p. 876 (#908) ############################################

-876
Indea:
Saladin, 379
Salado (Wädi Bekka, Guadibeca), 185, 371
Salamanca, province, 186
Saldania (Saldaña), Asturian stronghold,
taken, 167
Salerno, 384; attacked by Saracens, 386;
Duke Arichis at, 601
Salerno, Sikonolf, Prince of, his feud with
Radelchis, 384 sq.
Salian Franks, the, 109, 111, 114, 116
Salic Law, codified by Clovis, 116; modified
by Chilperic, 121; 133 sq. , 137 sq. , 150,
576; prologue to, cited, 618; 675
Salmān the Persian, and the defence of
Medina, 320
Salona, 473
Salona, Bishop of. See Maximus
Salonae, taken by Avars, 296
Saloniki, 440
Salurn, Franks defeated near, 199
Salvius Julianus, lawyer, 54
Salzburg, St Rupert founds church of, 128;
worship of Odin at, 483; diocese of, 538;
sends missionaries to the Avars, 609
Salzburg, Archbishop of. See Arno
Salzkammergut, the missionary Rupert in,
533
Samaritans, revolt of, 44; disabilities of,
108
Samh, Arab general, takes Narbonne, 374
Samnium, overrun by Lombards, 198
Samo, Frankish founder of Slav kingdom,
155, 442, 451 sqq. , 457
Samosata, Heraclius at, 294; 410
Sangro, River, 205
Sanhaja, the, 379
San Juan de Alfarache (Osset), taken by
Leovigild, 170
Saône, River, 109, 118
Sapor, general, sent against the Lombards,
394; rebels, 396; death, 397; 417
Sarablangas, Persian general, slain, 294
Saracens, the, 34, 211; supported by Persia
in claims against Rome, 266 sq. ; 271;
expansion of, chs. XI, XII and xIII
passim; attack Rome, 385; raids of, in
southern Italy, 386; driven from Italy,
387 sq. ; 577 sq. , 581; attack Corsica,
600; 609; 626
Saragossa, expedition of Childebert against,
119, 162; 159; Leovigild at, 167; Sisen-
and at, 175; Froja at, 177; third Council
of, 188; taken by Arabs, 373; Charles
the Great at, 604; 606
Saragossa, Bishops of. See Braulio, Vincent
Sarbar, Persian general, defeated, 294 sq.
Sardica, 33
Sardica, Council of, British bishops at, 498
Sardinia, rebellion against Wandal rule in,
12 sq. ; imperial rule established in, 14;
taken by Totila, 17; restored to Rome,
19; in the praefecture of Africa, 21, 222;
officials of, 224; supplies corn to Rome,
230; estates of the Church in, 242; 248,
375; plundered by Arabs, 381; Saracens
concentrate at, 385; raided by Saraes
388
Sargana (? Sirgan), battle of, 280
Sarmatae, 427; advance of, 428,432
Sarmatae Arcaragantes, 432
Sarmatae Hamaxobii. 432
Sarmatae Liberi. 432
Sarmatae Limigantes, 432
Sarmatae Wagi, 432
Sarthe, inscription at, 474
Sarus, River, 295; Arab frontier reaches.
412
Sassanids, the, 263, 331
Satala, fort at, 33
Satfura, Saracen victory at, 370
Saturn, 463
Sauda, second wife of Mahomet, 315
Saul, Christian foundation at. 506: St Paº-
rick buried at, 507
Save, River, 33; Avars settle on, 35: iº,
276; 609; boundary of the empire ºf
Charles the Great, 615
Savignae, Savignec, Sévigné, Savigner.
original form of name, 151 sq.
Savoy, 109
Sawbridgeworth, 521 note
Saxnot (Saxneat), god, 485
Saxo Grammaticus, history of the legendsry
kings of Denmark by, 480, 483, 488
Saxons, the, piracy of, 110; and Chlotar I
119, 135; and Charles Martel, 129; trº
ditional law of, 138; 141; ally the
selves with Lombards, 196; return frº-
Italy, 198; and the Avars, 439; 44;
and Thor, 481 sq. ; 488; 536, 541, 558;
and Pepin, 582, 592 sq. ; 597, 602, 535,
608; conquered by Charles the Grest,
610 sqq. ; revolt of, 612 sq. ; ally with
Avars, 613; transported, ib. ; 625, 634,
641, 667, 672; Folkright of, put in
writing, 673; 697; 702
Saxony, expeditions of Charles Martel intº,
129; incursions of Carloman and Pepin
into, 131; 444, 450, 453; and the Frank.
ish Church, 537; 609; included in Frank.
ish kingdom, 611 sq. ; inhabitants trans-
planted, 613; 681
Sbeitla (Sufetula), the patricius Gregory
defeated at, 367
Scaevola, jurist, 55
Scalby Castle, inscriptions at, 473,475 sq.
Scandinavia, Oriental coins found in, 438:
heathenism in, ch. xv (c) passim; founds.
tions of society in, ch. xx passim
Scandinavians, the, 482, 489, 495, 634, 64:
Scheldt, River, 534
Schlei, River, 614 sq.
Schleswig-Holstein, 633
Scotia. See Scotland
Scotichronicon, the, 509
Scotland, 53, 499; Palladius possibly in
506; Christianity introduced into, 58-
513; 521, 526, 545, 633
Scotorum Historiae Libri XVII, of Hector
Boethius, 509
*


## p. 877 (#909) ############################################

Indea:
877
Scots (Scoti), the, 510, 513, 521; , Oswald
among, 526; 528, 545; Oswy rules over,
552; 554; Ecgfrith fights, 559
Scultenna, River, 203
Scythia, Huns invade, 31; limites in, 32;
Baduarius commands in, 268
Scythians, the, 427 sq. , 437, 509
Sebaste, fort at, 33; Persian and Roman
armies meet near, 274
Sebastia, Heraclius at, 295; Arabs occupy,
407, 414
Sebastian of Salamanca, cited, 186
Sebastopolis, battle of, 407
Sebbi, East Saxon sub-king, 529
Seben. See Brixen
Sebeos, Armenian historian, cited, 285
Sebocthes, Persian ambassador, demands
the tribute, 271
Sebu, River, Berbers defeat Arabs at, 377
Seckau, inscription at, 475
Secret History, the, account of Justinian im,
2; description of Africa and Italy in,
22 sq. ; of Theodora, 25
Securisca, fort at, 33, 281
Sedulius, poet, 121
Segga, count, conspires against Recared, 172
Segomo, god, 473
Segoyuela (Sagiuyne), battle of,185 note, 186
Segura, 164
Sein, Isle of, 466, 469 sq.
Seine, River, 115, 460, 462
Selimbria (Selymbria), at end of Long Wall. ”
33, 288; Maximus at, 403
Selsey, made a bishopric, 561
Selsey Abbey, founded, 531, 558 sq.
Selwood, forest of, 552, 561
Selwoodshire, 561
Selwyn, G. A. , 697
Semites, the, detest Roman rule, 345; 348
Senate of Constantinople, the, opposes treaty
with Chosroes II, 280; 287; treats with
Chosroes II, 290; 292; persecutes Martina
and her sons, 392; tries Pope Martin,
401; tries Maximus, 402; 405; Theo-
dosius III confers with, 417
Senate of Rome, the, 55, 87; extinction of,
223,577
Senomes, monastery of, 148
Sens, 142; metropolitan see, 145; arch-
bishopric restored, 540
Sens, Archbishop of. See Jeremiah
Septem. See Ceuta
Septimania, Visigoths in, 19, 118; captured
by Franks and Burgundians, 114; re-
captured by Ostrogoths, ib. ; 116; seized
by Arabs, 128; recovered, 129; alone re-
mains to Wisigoths, 160, 164; war in,
162 sq. , 170; invaded by Guntram,171 sq. ;
rebels against Wamba, 179; the Franks
occupy, 581 sq. , 593; 605
Serbo-Croatians, the, 444
Serbs, the (Serbi), settled within the Em-
pire, 297; 437 and note; on the Adriatic,
438; 439; found a state, 440; 444,
446 sq. ; revolt of, 451
Seremus, Bishop of Marseilles, and Gregory
the Great, 257
Serf, St, legendary history of, 510
Serfdom, Roman, 65 sq. ; Slavonic, 422
Sergius I, Pope, sanctions mission of Willi-
brord, 128; repudiates the Acts of the
Trullan Council, 408, 690; and Cead-
walla, 560
Sergius, Patriarch of Constantinople, crowns
Heraclius, 288; keeps Heraclius in the
capital, 291; takes charge of the city,
292 sq. ; negotiates with Avars, 295;
holds the city, 296; and the Monothelete
controversy, 398 sqq. ; death, 400; con-
demned at Rome, 401, 404, 690
Sergius, Bishop of Cyprus, supports John IV,
400
Sergius, envoy of Sapor, wins support of
Mu‘āwiya, 396; killed, 397
Sergius, patrician, betrays Lazica to the
Arabs, 410
Sergius, patricius of Caesarea, defeated and
slain, 340
Sergius, priest, envoy to Charles Martel,
130
Sergius, sacellarius, ejects the Anti-pope
Constantine, 696; maltreated, ib. ; 702
Serinda, silkworms brought from, 41
Servia, 297, 437, 440, 445
Servians, the, 444
Severianus, Pelagian bishop, in Britain,
501
Severinus, St, influence of, 534
Severinus, Pope, rejects the Ekthesis, 400;
deferred consecration, ib. ; death, ib.
Severn, River, 474, 519, 543, 551
Severus, M. Aurelius Alexander, Emperor,
60 sq.
Severus, Lucius Septimius, Emperor, 69,
72, 87, 509 sq. , 523
Severus, Bishop of Antioch, deposed, 5; at
Constantinople, 45; 192
Severus, Patriarch of Aquileia, summoned
to Rome, 253
Severus, Bishop of Trèves, on a mission to
Britain, 500
Severus, Sulpicius, cited, 498
Severyans, the, 438
Seville, assassination of Theudis and Theu-
degesil in, 163; Hermenegild proclaimed
at, 168, 259; 169; siege of, 170; taken
by Arabs, 185, 372; revolts, 186; Olmund
settled at, ib. ; 373; residence of Arab
sub-prefects, 376
Seville, Bishops of. See Isidore, Leander,
Oppas
Shakespeare, William, 476
Shamanism, 425
Shancough, church founded at, 506
Shannon, River, Danes sail up, 508
Shaweh Shah, deals treacherously with
Persia, 279
Sheffield, 544
Shehrizār, 299
Sherborne, made a bishopric, 561


## p. 878 (#910) ############################################

878
Indea:
Sherborne, Bishop of. See Aldhelm
Shi'a, the, 349; in Persia, 364, 376
Shi'ism, 359; in the Idrisid kingdom, 378
Shiites, the, insurrection of, 361; 379
Shropshire, part of Mercia, 544; 546, 553,
557
Shurahbil ibn Hasana, general, 340; re-
duces Palestine, 345
Sicca Weneria. See Kef
Sicilians, the, and Arab pirates, 381 sq. ;
attack Italy, 385 sq. ; 389
Sicily, Belisarius in, 13 sqq. ; Theodahad
offers to cede, 15; Totila conquers, 17;
restored to Rome, 19; government of,
20; forms with Dalmatia a province, 21;
Wigilius at, 47; Constans II murdered in,
205; special praetor for, 224, 226; sup-
plies corn to Rome, 230; separate ad-
ministration of, 232 sq. ; 234; Gregory
the Great founds monasteries in, 236;
estates of the Church in, 242, 248;
Saracen attack on, 367; 370, 375; Sara-
cen raids on, 378 sqq. ; conquered,
381 sqq. ; 384, 387; under Fātimite rule,
388; end of Saracen rule in, 389 sq. ;
Constans II in, 394 sq. ; death of Olym-
pius in, 401; 405; placed under the
Patriarch of Constantinople, 578; under
a Greek Patricius, 601; 685, 693
Sidnacaester, made a bishop's see, 556
Sidonius Apollinaris, Bishop of Clermont,
160
Sidonius, Bishop of Mainz, builds an em-
bankment along the Rhine, 144
Sierra de Francia, 186
Sierra de Gata, 186
Sierra Nevada, 167
Siffin, battle of, 357, 376
Sigebert, King of East Anglia, restores
Christianity in East Anglia, 524; slain,
525
Sigebert II, the Good, King of Essex,
baptised, 529
Sigebert, King of Metz, son of Chlotar I,
marries Brunhild, 120,164; murdered, ib. ;
133; eulogised by Fortunatus, 156; 168,
259; and the Avars, 266, 268, 436; 271
Sigebert, King of the Ripuarian Franks,
113; death, 116
Sigebert, son of Dagobert, king of Austrasia,
125
Sigebert, monk of St Denis, brings papal
gifts to Charles Martel, 130
Sigfried, King of Denmark, helps the
Saxons, 613
Sighere, East Saxon sub-king, 529
Sigiburg, taken by the Franks, 610; centre
of Frankish power, 611
Sigismund, King of Burgundy, 117
Sijilmäsa, the Banū Midrār in, 378
Silchester (Calleva Atrebatum), early Chris-
tian relics at, 501
Silesia, the Slavs in, 435
Siling, Silingia (Silengū), 435
Silingians, 435
Silistria (Durostorum), fort at. 33
Silos, monk of, cited, 183 sq. -
Silverius, Pope, appointed, 46; deposed ºf
exiled, ib. ; 48
Silziboulos, the great Mo-kan, 263
Simeon Stylites, 156
Sinai, 398
Sindered, Bishop of Toledo, and Wism
182
Singidunum. See Belgrade
Sinigaglia, taken by Desiderius, 219; sº
rendered by Aistulf, 590
Sinope, promontory, 413
Sipontum, 204
Sippe, of the Wisigoths, 192
Sirak, 297
Sirmium, Avars attack, 268; 273; takeaº
Baian, 276
Sirmium, Bishop of, treats with the Avars,
268
Siroes, King of Persia, accession, 299
Sirona, Keltic goddess, 462
Sisebert, Bishop of Toledo, conspires agains
Wamba, 179 sq. ; conspiring agains
Egica is punished, 181; 185
Sisebut, King of the Visigoths, successa
against Eastern Empire, 173; persecules
* Jews, 174; death, 175; 176, 178
1
Sisenand, King of the Visigoths, deposes
Swinthila, 175; summons Fourth Courº
* of Toledo, ib. ; death, ib. ; 193
Sisium, Arabs defeated at, 410; taken by
Arabs, 412
Sistova (Novae), fort at, 33
Sixtus III, Pope, 502
Skye, St Columba at, 513
Slack (Cambodunum), 473; 523
Slaney, River, 507
Slavery, Roman, 62 sq. ; Frankish, 149
Slavia, varied climate and soil of, 427
Slavs, the, 11; on the Danube, 30; pillage
Roman provinces, 31, 36; fight tº
Bavarians and Alemans, 203; 204; help
Arnefrit of Friuli, 205; defeated by
Pemmo of Friuli, 213; settle south of
the Danube, 263; raid Thrace and Thes:
saly, 276; 280; roam over imperial
territory, 291; enter Crete, 294; attack
Constantinople, 295 sq. ; ravages of, 295;
Heraclius and, 297; 300; settled in Asia
Minor, 406; massacre of, 407; 411; ex-
pansion of, ch. xIV passim; original home
of, 418; described, 420 sqq. ; origin of
name, 421; occupations, 422 sq. ; chs.
racter, 423 sq. ; religion, 424 sq. ; as
slaves, 429; conquered, 431 sqq. ; e.
pansion in Old Germania, 435 sq. ; under
Avar control, 438 and note, 439 sqq. ; as
pirates, 440; language, 443; # ºpers
among, 444 sqq. ; peasant states of,448-
451; defensive warfare of, 454; 597,608,
and the Franks, 613 sqq. ; and Charles
the Great, 625; 633
Slºz'. See Zobtenberg


## p. 879 (#911) ############################################

Indea:
879
Sleza. See Lohe
Sligo, county, spread of Christianity in,
506
0
Slovénin (Slovène, Slovenes, Sloviens),
original form of Slav name, 421 and
notes, 434; #upans among, 444 sqq. ; 449
Smaragdus, exarch, concludes armistices
with the Lombards, 199 sqq. ; 250
Smyrna, taken by Arabs, 396; 397
Social systems, the Roman, 62 sqq. ;
Frankish, 149; Visigothic, 191; Lom-
bard, 209 sq. ; Slavonic, 421 sq. ; English,
566 sq. ; Teutonic and Scandinavian,
ch. xx passim. See Feudalism, Marriage,
Slavery, etc.
Socrates, legendary early British saint, 498
Sogdiana, oases of, 41
Soissons, 109; battle of, 110 sq. ; capital
of Chlotar, 116; Chlotar buried at, 117;
Galswintha at, 120; victory of Charles
Martel at, 128; election of Pepin at, 131;
147; synod for Neustria meets at, 540;
synods meet regularly at, 592; story of
the chalice of, 640; 696
Solachos, Avar ambassador, demands the
evacuation of Sirmium, 276
Solinus, cited, 476
Solochon, battle of, 277 sq.
Solomon, patrician, commands in Africa,
13, 20
Solway Firth, 511 --
Somerset, 504; attacked by Mercians, 552;
560, 562, 564
Somerton, 564
Somme, River, 109
Song of Beowulf, the, cited, 551, 631, 642;
565; described, 574
Song of Roland, the, cited, 486
Sophia, wife of Justin II, 263; contrives
murder of the general Justin, 267; treats
with Persia, 272; and Tiberius II, 273
Sophronius, Patriarch of Jerusalem, 341;
appointed, 399; and Sergius, ib. ; 400; 403
Soracte, Mount, monastery founded on, 131;
Carloman leaves, 583; Pope Sylvester on,
586; 699
Sorbs, the, 437 and note, 444 sq. , 450,
452 sq. ; names of clans among, 454 note;
612; and the Franks, 614; 667
Sorb-Serbs, the, 437 sq.
Souanians, 35
Southampton Water, Jutes settled near,
560
Southminster, 558
South Saxons, the, conversion of, 530;
Selsey made a bishopric for, 561
South Shields, 473
Sozomen, Byzantine historian, cited, 485
Sozopetra, occupied by Arabs, 393
Spain, Byzantine intervention in, 18 sq. ;
province acquired in, 19; use of Theo-
dosian Code in, 57; use of Lea: Visi-
gothorum in, 58; Visigothic kingdom in,
109, 118, 125, 159, 164 sq. ; 119; Arab
conquest of, 128; 156; under the Wisi-
goths, ch. VI passin; under Theodoric
the Ostrogoth, 161; under Leovigild,
166 sqq. ; under Recared, 171; persecution
of Jews in, 174 sqq. , 181; Gothic and
Roman laws in, 178; Muslims invade,
179, 371 sq. ; 182; end of Visigothic
kingdom in, 183 sqq. , 373; land law in,
187; long survival of Gothic influence
in, 190; Byzantine influence in, 191;
192; relics of Visigothic art in, 193;
227, 252, 256; growing unity of the
Church in, 259; Church of, independent
of the Papacy, 260; 263, 283; indepen-
dent of the Empire, 300; 329, 353, 363;
370, 375; disturbances of Berbers in,
376 sq. ; becomes a separate Arab state,
377 sq. ; 379; end of Islám in, 390; 433,
435; 459, 565, 582, 593; invaded by
Franks under Charles the Great, 604 sqq. ;
611, 615; Adoptianism in, 616; 636,667,
702
Spalato, founded by fugitives from Salonae,
296
Spaniards, the, 190, 384
Spanish March, the, extent of, 606
Spanish-Romans, the, 171 sqq. , 177 sq. ,
187, 191
Spartel, Cape, 371
Spoleto, city, taken by Lombards, 198,244;
Arian bishop at, 198; 204; Aistulf holds,
215 sq. ; taken by Desiderius, 217; 218;
Pope Leo III in, 619
Spoleto, duchy of, founded, 198; independent
government of duke in, 209; 211; Liut-
prand appoints Hilderich duke of, 213;
Transamund returns to, 214; Lupus re-
places Transamund, ib. ; chooses Alboin
as duke, 217; awarded by Pepin to the
Pope, 588, 599; rises in revolt, 590;
subdued, 591, 597, 602; encroaches on
neighbouring territory, 693; 694
Spoleto, Agiprand, Duke of, nephew of
Liutprand, appointed, 214
Alboin, Duke of, swears allegiance
to the Pope and the Frankish king, 217
— Ariulf, Duke of, threatens Rome,
201, 244; makes peace with Gregory,
245 sq.
—Faroald, Duke of (576), occupies duchy,
198; driven from Classis, 199
— Faroald, Duke of (727), 212
— Hildebrand, Duke of, involved in a
conspiracy against Charles the Great,
600
— Hilderich, Duke of, appointed by Liut-
prand, 213
— Lupus, Duke of, appointed by Ratchis,
214; death, 215
— Thrasamund I, Duke of, made duke
by Grimoald, 205
— Thrasamund II, Duke of, defeated,
takes refuge at Rome, 130, 213; re-
instated, 213; driven out, 214; restored,
ib. ; allied with Gregory II, 695; and
with Gregory III, ib.


## p. 880 (#912) ############################################

880
Index
Spoleto, Winichis, Duke of, protects Pope
Leo HI, 619, 704
Stablicianus, Lombard ambassador to Con-
stantinople, 202
Stablo, the Abbot of, 619
Staditzi, 450
Staffordshire, 557
Stainmoor, inscription at, 474
Stamford (Lines), Wilfrid made abbot at, 554
Stanmer, 572
Stanwix, 475
States of the Church, the, Pepin promises
to procure for the Pope, 598
Stavelot, monastery of, 148
Stephanus, commander of Byzantine fleet,
389
Stephanus, legendary early British saint,
498
Stephanus, Bishop of Cyzicus, blesses
Hemclius, 288
Stephanus, general, defends Monokarton,
277 note
Stephanus, patricius et dux, at Borne, sole
holder of the title, 232
Stephanus, cousin of Heraclius, sent as
hostage to the Avars, 292
Stephen II (III), Pope, visits Aistulf at
Pavia, 215, 583 sq. , 695; 217; negotiates
with Aistulf, 582, 695; appeals to Con-
stantinople for help, 582, 597; negotiates
with Pepin, 583 sq. , 585 and note, 695;
and the Donation of Constantino, 586 and
note; promises of Pepin to, 587 sqq.