No More Learning

John,
of this year; amongst these were the Clan Don
nell galloglasses (Mac Donnells), and the Seoaigh
of West Connaught (the Joyces of Connemara);
those sent their moveable properties, their women son of Mac Donnell, namely Donal Gorm and and people, into the strongholds and recesses of Alexander, and Gillespuic, the son of Dongall, son the country; the governor having gone to Ballin of Donogh Cam, son of Gillespuic Mac Cailin, to robe to attack them, sent seven or eight companies gether with several other chiefs besides, and their through West Connaught in pursuit of the insur fame and renown were greater than they actually de gents, and when they did not succeed in taking served. They formed camps abounding with provi the despoilers, they plundered Muinter Murchadh sions in the country on which they landed, and the a-na-dTuagh (the tribe-name of the O'Flahertys idle persons, and those who attended on festival of West Connaught, in Galway), and the people of occasions, and useless strollers of the neighbouring the tribe of Owen O'Flaherty, who, as they them districts, were in the habit of visiting them at that selves considered, were then under the law. Those place, and they left no property, either of corn or (the English), slew women, the common inhabi cattle, after them in Inisowen on that occasion. tants, and helpless people; they hanged Theobald They afterwards proceeded along the Finn and
Modharm (the rivers Finn and Mourne in Donegal),
ecclesiastical, civil and political, literary and scientific, arts, anti
quities, laws, &c. with catalogues and lives of the provincial kings,
princes, and distinguished chiefs, and of archbishops, bishops, and
eminent ecclesiastics, &c. For such works there are abundant
materials in the ancient annals, as those of the Four Masters, of
Ulster, Inisfallen, &c. , and in various Irish MSS. now in progress
of publication. After the Provincial Histories, a series of County
Histories, and separate Ecclesiastical Histories of each Diocese,
would, if well executed, be most important works, and are much
wanted. These Provincial, County, and Diocesan Histories,
would furnish materials for a full and general History of Ireland,
which is yet to be written, all those hitherto published being mise
rably defective. The History of Ireland must be written by im works on Irish history already published, and from the various partial Irishmen, if Milesians so much the better, for every people
O’Tuathalain, a supporter of the indigent, and a
should be the writers of their own history, and the writers must know their native language, and be good Irish scholars, otherwise it is a farce to attempt to write the ancient history of Ireland. It must be written free from party views, and anti-Irish prejudices, on the one hand, and on the other it must avoid excessive eulogies of the ancient Irish, and exaggerations of their former greatness. No full or fair history of Ireland has been yet written; one set of our historians are extravagantly anti-Irish and bigotted, distorting and falsifying every event in modern times, and representing our ancient annals, civil, military, and ecclesiastical, asfables, fictions, and legends, while, on the other hand, most of our native histo rians endeavour to give an undue importance to the history of the Irish people, and exaggerate the greatness of their country in other days, which is very injudicious, for as Ireland had in early ages attained considerable civilization, and eminencein the arts, and was particularly distinguished in her religious and literary fame, there fore, the real rank the country held amongst the European nations, in early times, should be shown, and requires no exaggerated embel lishments. Of all our annalists, the Four Masters are undoubtedly the most impartial, and in the extensive range of events which they
works, annals, &c. , now in progress of publication, ample materials could be collected for a full and general history of Ireland, but
Murrogh, son of Owen O'Flaherty, and after taking him they put him to death, and they then returned back to the governor with much prey and booty.
A Scottish fleet landed at Inisowen, on the es tate of O'Dogherty, in the north-eastern angle of Tirconnell; the chief commanders and head con stables of that fleet were the two sons of James, the son of Alexander, son of John Cathanach, the
record, they give faithful representations of affairs, as far as they go, showing the vices as well as virtues of their countrymen, and
give a fair view of things; but their narrative is too concise, and a more full account of events must be collected from numerous other
sources. Though many of our historians are excessively anti Irish, and others too Irish, yet they all contain immense and important information, and a vast mass of valuable materials,
which could be made available for a History of Ireland, if selected, arranged, and compiled with judgement. All the histories hitherto written are extremely defective, none of them containing a sixth part of the history of Ireland, and what they do contain is full of mistakes and misrepresentations. From the numerous
four large quarto volumes would be required for the purpose, two volumes for the antiquities, arts, military, civil, and political his
tory, and two more for the ecclesiastical, literary, and legal history. In order to execute such a great work, it would be necessary that the undertaking should receive the most extensive public patron age and national support; no one man could ever accomplish such a task, and it would be required to employ, in its execution, at least four of the ablest men who could be got in different depart ments, such as a profound Irish historian, who was at the same time a topographer and antiquary, and also had an extensive knowledge of the ancient history of various nations; secondly, a learned ecclesiastical historian; thirdly, an able Irish scholar, who must have a thorough knowledge of the history and ancient topography of Ireland; and fourthly, a first-rate classic scholar, writer, and critic. Such a work could not be adequately accomplished except at great cost; but if well executed, the pecuniary outlay would be fully
repaid, after some time, by the sale of the work, and it would ultimately produce ample remuneration.
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 561
to Termon Magrath (parish of Templecarne, in those places fora fortnight, without either attacking
the baronies of Tirhugh, and Lurg, in Donegal the other. The Scots prepared depart the and Fermanagh), to Tuath Luirg (barony of beginning wet and very dark night, and they Lurg, in Fermanagh), and to Miodhbulg, (in proceeded north-westerly direction through the barony of Tirhugh, in Donegal), until they Tirerrill, cross the bridge Cul-Maoile (Colloo arrived at the very borders of the Erne. When the ney); there were three companies the governor's forementioned Burkes, who were engaged in the people guarding the bridge that night, and the plundering and insurrection, namely, Richard Scots having encountered them, fierce conflict Burke, the son of Deamhan-an-Chorrain; the sons ensued between them, but the Scots, however, of Edmond Burke, and the Clan Donnell gallo were obliged abandon the bridge, and cross the glasses, received intelligence about the Scots, they ford the west side they went that night quickly sent messengers inviting them to come to Sliabh-Gamh (Ox mountain, the barony them, and stated that they would obtain great Lieny, county Sligo), and the following day booty, and as much estate as they would require Ard-na-Riagh (Ardnaree Ballina). The go in the province of Connaught, if they themselves
could defend it against the people of the sovereign.
tween Dubh and Drobhais (the rivers Duff and much forces could, during which time Drowis, on the borders of Sligo and Leitrim), they had spies and reconnoiterers out after the Scots; commenced spoiling Dartry and Carbury, and when had collected the requisite forces,
were joined there by Richard (Burke), and the marched from the monastery Beand Fhada sons of Edmond. The governor (sir Richard Luighne Connaught (now Banada, village Bingham), proceeded to Sligo to oppose them, the parish Kilmacteige, barony Lieny, county and the Scots having departed from that district,
The Scots proceeded across the Erne with those
guides, and having arrived on the first night be nued through Connaught for fifteen days collecting
proceeded southward of Dartry, along Beanna Bo (Benbo Hill, near Drumlease), in Brefney, and
remained three nights in Dromahaire; from thence
Sligo, where there was ancient monastery), the beginning very dark night harvest,
they proceeded to Braid-Sliabh (Braclieve moun without warning notice being given the Scots. tain, in the barony of Tirerrill, county of Sligo, on The manner which those were before him was
the borders of Leitrim and Roscommon), and did their sleeping places, without fear, and unguarded, not halt till they arrived at Cill-Romain, (parish of just the strange country into which they had Kilronan, barony of Boyle, county of Roscommon), come was their own, without opposition. The first
at which place they arrived on the borders of Bref thing which they were roused from their deep mey, Moylurg, and Hy nOilella (Leitrim, and the slumber was the cry their sentinels, who were baronies of Boyle and Tirerrill, in Roscommon and attacked by the governor's people throughout the
Sligo). The governor came from the west to Bel town; the Scots then quickly arranged themselves am-Atha-fada in Tirerill (Ballinafad, north of the order well they possibly could, combat Curlew mountains, a village on the road from with the governor’s people; that, however, was
Boyle to Sligo), and both parties remained in benefit them, for they had more than dis
A. D. 1586.
1. Battle of Ardnaree. —In 1586, according to Cox, the Burkes
of Mayo collected their forces, and were joined by two thousand Scottish auxiliaries, who had landed in Ulster; with these com bined forces, amounting to about 3000 men, they endeavoured to expel the English out of Connaught, and the Scots having marched forward, they crossed the river Erne, near Ballyshannon; they were followed by the earl of Clamrickard and Richard Bingham, with the English forces, and having marched Sligo, the Irish returned through Leitrim, and over the Curlew mountains, through Roscommon, towards Mayo. Bingham pursued them, and having
marched through Roscommon, came with them, and appears have taken the Scotch and Irish surprise, being quite un
prepared for battle; the forces both sides encamped and fought severeengagement Ard-na-Riagh, Ardnaree, the banks the river Moy, the county Sligo, adjoining Ballina, Mayo. The Irish and Scots were defeated, and 2000 them slain. Sir Richard Bingham, the earl Clanrickard, Bermingham, and O'Kelly, according Cox, soon after marched with their com
bined forces, and having attacked and defeated the Burkes
Mayo, they took from their country prey four thousand cows, which they divided three thousand amongst their men.
vernor departed from Ballinafad another direc tion from them, on the following day,
were not actually pursuit them, and conti
and did not halt, either day night, until ar rived, the mid-day the morrow, Ardnaree",
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562 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1586.
charged the first volley of their darts, when they
were most precipitately routed towards the river which was in front of them, namely, the agreeable
murmuring Moy; men were prostrated while they
were making for the river, and when they arrived at it they did not stop there, but immediately plunged into depth, for they preferred being drowned, rather than slain the governor’s peo ple; but, however, brief, nearly two thousand
mond Burke were not that battle, for they had
gone the day before that defeat search prey for the Scots, and having heard those tidings, they
separated asunder, and the sons Edmond Burke remained the fastnesses of their own estate.
Those the Ultonians that escaped, and the
Scots that were along with them, proceeded pass
into Ulster, and the greater portion these even had been taken. Felim Duv, the son Art,
them were slain that time. The sons of Ed
women were put death, and Edmond Oge, the son Edmond, son Manus Mac Sheehy, and eight the mercenary soldiers the Geraldines, were put death along with him, having been
discovered that they had been with the Scots who were slain at Ardnaree.
Con, the son Art Oge, son Niall son Art, son Con, son Henry, son Owen
(O'Neill), having gone predatory expedition into the territory Maguire, from Lough Erne eastward, the son Maguire, Hugh, the son
Cuchonacht, son Cuchonacht, with small
party cavalry, overtook Con, and fierce con flict took place between them Beal-Atha-Sain redhaigh, and Con, along with the greater part
were either hanged killed every country
through which they passed before they had crossed the Erne. The father the forementioned sons,
namely Edmond, the son Ulick, son Edmond,
was, aged, feeble, and unable obliged them carry him
him the gallows.
son Con O’Neill, territory the tribe
Hugh, the son Mac Sweeney
Bryan Oge, the son 18th May, Maolmurry, son
son Rickard Ui-Chuairsge, was hanged governor after that defeat; the condition
accomplished man the
Art, and his son, were slain Maguire.
Banagh (in Donegal), namely Maolmurry, was slain the
Niall Meirgeach, the son Hugh.
the which move, bier conveying
his people, was slain by the son Maguire, who brought back the prey the people from whom
Hugh, the son
Owen, son Donal
the chief constable
person who then died was hero stature, and
champion bravery.
Alexander, the son Sorley Buighe, son
Alexander, son John Cathanach, the son Mac Donnell Scotland, who was brother the
Inghean Dubh (the Dark haired daughter), the wife O’Donnell, and mother Hugh Roe, son
Hugh, son Manus, was slain captain
Merryman, and Hugh, son the dean O'Gal lagher, the month May precisely. ”
session was held Galway, the month December this year, which many men and
Death Alexander Mac Donnell. —In 1586, Alex
deal nuts this year.
The Parliament of Dublin was concluded this
year, and, above things that were enacted
the heirship the earldom Kildare was ratified
the crown England.
Owen Ultach (O’Dunlevey), the son Donogh,
namely, the Doctor, died, and that Owen was
doctor learning, for was the most accom
plished the medical doctors Ireland the time he lived.
The official Mac Congail (Mac Connell), namely,
Owen Ballach, died the festival day Brid get precisely.
Owen, son
Donal, son
walk
the Victories (Mac Sweeny), Clanrickard, died; and the
galloglass, who took the name Merriman, and fought with ander Mac Donnell, chief commander the Scots Ulster, hav Mac Donnell; after fierce combat, which Mac Donnell was
ing proceeded with his forces attack Strabane, Tyrone, the English, under the command captains Stafford and Merriman,
marched thither oppose them, and both parties having encoun tered, Mac Donnell sent challenge Merriman, the English commander, decide the battle single combat. The English
captain pretended accept the challenge, but, according Cox and Mac Geoghegan, order secure the victory, employed
wounded, Merriman's champion was length slain, on which captain Merriman himself, perceiving Mac Donnell exhausted from his encounter with the swordsman, entered the lists sword
hand. Mac Donnell bravely fought for some time against his fresh antagonist, but being weakened by his former wound, was
length slain, and his head being cut off, was sent Dublin, placed pole, and exposed public view.
on
Cormac, the son Donal Mac Connell, died the 17th of March.
Five hundred Irishmen left Ireland aid the
Wet weather,
unproductive corn, and great
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A. D. 1587
semblance peace and spy and observe, and
maturity, the disturbance the whole island Ireland would arise through him, and through the earl Tyrone, should they engaged the one side, and that they would carry the sway, being
alliance with each other we have before stated that was for these reasons the lord justice and
who had arrived; the merchants said that they had no more wine with them than what was neces
sary for the crew; and that they would let more from them land for any person; but, however, that few chiefs would come them
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 563
queen of England in the war of Flanders, and al Mac Sweeney Fanat, the hereditary marshal though the most of them were lost in that country, the lord Tirconnell. This ship having been their fame and renown spread throughout Europe moored there by her anchors, party the crew as being distinguished for valour and bravery. came land
The son of O’Donnell, i. e. Hugh Roe, the son and they stated that they had wine and strong of Hugh, son of Manus, was taken prisoner by drink with them their ship and when Mac the English, and the manner in which that cap Sweeney and his people received intelligence ture occurred was thus: The English, along with this, they commenced buying and drinking the the lord justice Sir John Perrott, and the council wine until they were intoxicated. When the peo in general, became greatly afraid of the earl ple the adjoining district heard that ship, they O'Neill, i. e. Hugh, the son of Feardorcha, al flocked from quarters The forementioned though he had been submissive to them, through Hugh Roe, who was then his career careless the intrigues and complaints of O’Neill, namely, simplicity, and his youthful visit and amuse Torlogh Luineach, the son of Niall Conallach, ment, happened then the neighbourhood,
who was also in contention with him; and on and the unthinking playfellows who were along
account of Siobhan (Judith), the daughter of with him prevailed him that place; O’Donnell, namely, of Hugh, the son of Manus, his imprudence indeed was excusable that time,
who was the spouse of the earl of Tyrone. At one for had not then completed his fifteenth year, time, however, the fame and renown of the fore and there was none his experienced counsellors, mentioned youth, namely Hugh Roe, the son of his tutors, his professors along with him, Hugh, spread throughout the five provinces of direct him his proceedings, offer him ad Ireland, even before he had arrived at the age of vice. When the spies heard that had come manhood, as being distinguished for wisdom, in the town, they immediately returned back their tellect, personal figure, and noble deeds; and ship; this was perceived by Mac Sweeney, and persons general said that was truly prodigy, the chiefs general, and they sent servants and and that, should allowed arrive the age
their ship, they should get much wine and the English Dublin determined their council strong drink they required. When this infor what kind plot they should adopt respecting mation was communicated Mac Sweeney, was
that circumstance which they dreaded, and the ashamed himself, that the resolution he came
resolution they came was ship, with crew, and cargo
tuous liquors, and send Ireland north eastward,
out Dublin was bring Hugh along with him the ship, wine and spiri and having decided that resolution, they went
the left-hand side into small boat which was the verge the were they went strand, and they rowed over the ship; having
traffic, and take port some harbour the been welcomed, they were conveyed down coasts Tirconnell. The ship afterwards came cabin the middle the ship, without delay with fair wind from the west, without delay ceremony, and they were served and administered impediment, until arrived the old harbour until they were cheerful and merry; while they Suilidh (Lough Swilly, Donegal), exactly oppo were regaled there, the hatch-door was closed be site Rath Maolain (Rathmullen), town which hind them, and their arms having been stolen from had been formerly founded the sea shore them, the young son, Hugh Roe, was made pri
small boat, under the appearance
traffic, and
and they began
bargain with the people who were sent
amity,
sell and them,
attendants for some wine the ship for the guest
it
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564 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1588.
soner on that occasion. The report of that capture having spread throughout the country in general,
they flocked from parts the harbour, see they could devise any stratagem against those who had committed that treachery, but that was
impossible, for they were the depth the har
the wife that Cumeadhea, namely, the daughter
bour, after having weighed their anchor, and they geach, the son
had neither shipsnorboatsattheircommand re Niall, was slain by Donogh, the son Maolmurry
venged them. Mac Sweeny the Districts, Meirgeach, son Maolmurry, son Niall,
common with all others came the shore; he was foster-father that Hugh, and proffered
other hostages and sureties lieu him, but was no avail him, for there was not hostage
Doirinis, the festival Bridget precisely. The manner which that happened was, that
after Bryan Oge had been slain, we have before
stated, Niall Meirgeach, Donogh and his fol the province Ulster they would take his lowers were expelled into Connaught by Niall also,
stead. With respect the ship, and the crew and having been for some time joined with the which were when they had procured the most English, and for some time with O’Neill, he, after desirable them the inhabitants the country, long distant period, made attack Niall they sailed with full tide until they arrived the Meirgeach, which Niall did not expect, for
sea, and continued the course passage by which hoped that Donogh would not return the coun they had come, and landed the harbour Dub try while should live it; after Donogh had lin. His arrival after that manner was immediately been for three nights the recesses and seques known over they city, and the lord justice and the tered places the country, received intelligence council were delighted his having come, although
juries and troubles, and treating the persecu tions carried against the noble and highborn sons Ireland general. "
Mac Sweeny, was killed party Mac Sweeny, namely Donogh.
Niall Oge the followers
The son Mac Namara,
Clan Cuilein, (barony
namely, Cumeadha, the son
son Cumeadha, son Cumara, son John, died; and his son, were slain by Teige Oge, the son
A. D. 1587.
The capture Red Hugh O'Donnell. —This mentioned follows by Cox and Mac Geoghegan:
sent merchant vessel, under the command
John Bingham, who had board fifty armed men, and cargo wine and other merchandize; having sailed the coast Donegal,
above mentioned the text, they cast anchor Lough Swilly, and having decoyed board young Hugh O'Donnell and some
other chiefs, they treacherously made them prisoners, and carried
the western part Bunratty Clare), John, son Teige,
gal), died.
Donal, the son Niall Roe, son Niall O'Boyle,
circumstance the lord deputy person named
them off Dublin.
years the Castle
soon after retaken
from which finally escaped, about year after,
Edmond, the son
Mac Sweeny
James Mac Pierce, died.
A. D. 1588.
Banagh, namely, Niall Meir Maolmurry, son Hugh, son
indeed was not for love him, and they com
manded have him brought before them; having brought back word
been accordingly brought, they discoursed and come up across the strand the morrow he, conversed with him, scrutinizing and eliciting all with his forces, were prepared attack him, the knowledge him they could for long time; that where they encountered each other was the they length, however, ordered him put forementioned Doirinis (in Donegal), and fierce
strong stone castle which was the city, where conflict having ensued between them, Mac Sweeny,
great number the noble sons the Milesians with great number his followers and the Clan were chains and captivity, well some Sweeny Munster, were slain there; Mac Sweeny the Fionn Ghaill (Normans English), whose was beheaded, and his head was sent Dublin; chief subject conversation both by day and Donogh was then nominated the Mac Sweeny. night was complaining each other their in John Modardha, son Hugh, son
that Mac Sweeny was
the lower part Boylagh, reconnoitre him, and they
and sent spies
Hugh, the son Niall Roe, son
Torlogh Bearmach O'Boyle, tanist Boylagh (in Done
Donogh that would
After being incarcerated for more than three Dublin, O'Donnell made his escape, but was Wicklow, and again imprisoned the Castle, which cir
cumstances full account given the years 1590 and 1592, these Annals.
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 565
Teige, son of Torlogh O'Boyle, on Traigh Sain not consider that honourable, and said he surely readhaigh, in Trian Iochtar, precisely in harvest. would not attack an earl in the darkness of night, Calvach Oge, the son of Con, son of Calvach but that in the full clearness of the light of day he O’Donnell, was slain by a party of the people of would fight a fierce battle with him ; this he ful Donal, the son of Hugh, son of Manus O’Donnell, filled, for he attacked the earl on the morrow, and
namely, by Manus Oge O'Sraithein, near the defeated him, and an earl lost many people, river Finn. together with horses and much property in general,
Maolmurry, the son of Edmond, son of Maol which event took place on the 1st of May.
murry, son of Donogh Mac Sweeny, was slain by Mac Geoghegan, lord of Kinel Fiacha (in West Niall Garv, the son of Con, son of Calvach O’Don meath), namely, Conla, the son of Conor, son of nell. Laigne, son of Conla, son of Hugh, died, and
The earl of Tyrone, namely, Hugh, the son of there was not since the times of old a man of the
Ferdorcha, son of Con Bacach, son of Con, mus race of Fiacha, the son of Niall (Niall of the Nine tered a very great force to march against O’Neill, Hostages), who was more lamented than he ; and
i. e. Torlogh, and the earl did not halt until he came, with his forces, across the rivers Mourne and Derg, and halted at Carraig Leth (in Tyrone). O'Donnell, i. e. Hugh, the son of Manus, came to
his son Bryan, and Niall the son of Rossa, were in
contention with one another about the lordship of the country.
Owen Manntach, the son of Edmond, son of join the earl, his relative by marriage, with a num Flann, son of Conor O'Heyne, lord of Hy Fiachra ber of his forces, but, however, he did not come fully Aidhne Galway), died, and his son, Hugh
prepared. O’Neill, i. e. Torlogh, collected and Buighe, was appointed his successor; the tanist
mustered a great force in opposition to the earl and
O'Donnell; those who joined O'Neill were Art
Oge, his son, with numerous retained troops;
William Mussten (captain Mostin), the son of (160), came the sea from the king Spain this Robert, with a company of soldiers, and a party of year, and some say was their intention take the Clan Sweeny of Munster, with Murrogh-na harbour, and land the coasts England, should Mart (of the Oxen), the son of Maolmurry, son of they obtain opportunity; but that they did Donogh, and many others besides; Niall Garv, not succeed, for the queen's fleet encountered them and Hugh Mac-an Deaganaigh O'Gallagher, com sea, and took four their ships, and the rest
monly called at that time Hugh, the son of the the fleet was scattered and dispersed along the Calvach O'Donnell, with the entire tribe of Cal coasts the neighbouring countries, viz. , the vach, and with their followers, were joined and eastern side England, the north eastern united with O’Neill, and where they were was at shores Scotland, and on the north western coast Caislen-na-Finne (Castlefin, in the barony of Ra Ireland; great number the Spaniards were phoe, county of Donegal). Some of his people were
entreating Hugh to make a nocturnal attack on the earl, for the earl was preying and plundering the
country between those rivers, namely the Finn and Mourne; through pride and magnanimity he did
A. D. 1588,
1. The Spanish Armada. -In 1588 Philip II. , King of Spain,
drowned those quarters, their ships having been completely wrecked, and the smaller portion
who had been married to Mary, queen of England, irritated at the
assistance given by queen Elizabeth to the States of the Nether
lands, in their revolt against Spain, prepared a powerful naval ar engagements with the English and Dutch fleets, but the Spaniards mament for the invasion of England; this immense fleet was were defeated, and having met many disasters, they resolved re called the Invincible Armada, and consisted of 130 or 140 vessels, turn Spain the northern seas, and sailed round the Orkney 65 of which were of great size, and called Galleons. The soldiers, Islands, where the fleet was overtaken by dreadful storms; many
marines, and officers on board this fleet, amounted to about thirty thousand men, and they had on board 2,431 pieces of artillery,
and vast treasures. This immense Armament, commanded the
their vessels were wrecked, and some driven far northwards,
and dashed pieces the rocks Norway. About their ships were driven the shores Ireland, August and Septem
the same country died, namely, Torlogh, the son Roderick, Doire-Ui-Eidhin
large fleet consisting eight score ships
them returned Spain, and some assert that nine thousand of them were lost on that occasion. "
The lord justice Ireland, namely, Sir John
Duke Medina Sidonia, sailed from Lisbon, the latter end May, but was soon after dispersed by violent storm near Cor unna; the fleet, being refitted, again set sail for England, and
having arrived off Calais and Dunkirk, August, they had some
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5 6 6 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1588.
Perrott, went to England, and Sir William Fitz daughter william, having come to Ireland, succeeded him O’Donnell, as lord justice. the manner
James Mac Donnell, the wife Hugh, the son Manus;
which she effected that killing O'Deadhadh (O'Dea), i. e. Mahon, the son of was follows: Hugh was alliance with
Loghlin, son of Roderick, son of Murrogh, son of
Mahon Buighe, lord of Kineal Fearmaic (barony of Inchiquin, county of Clare), died.
William, the son of Donal, son of Awlave, i. e.
the doctor, son of Donogh O’Niallain (O’Neillan),
the faithful tribe the Calvach O’Donnell, and they were conjointly alliance with O’Neill, namely, Torlogh Luineach, who was contention with O’Donnell, well with her relative by marriage, the earl O’Neill, i. e. Hugh, the son Ferdorcha; moreover, her dear brother Alexander
was slain at the door of Mainistir Innsi by the sons
of O’Griobhtha, namely, the sons of John, son of had been slain John, son of Teige, son of Loghlin. an-Deaganaigh,
former occasion by Hugh Mac we have before stated; she had
The lord justice of Ireland, Sir William Fitz many other causes
william ; the governor of the two provinces of
Connaught, Sir Richard Bionggam (Bingham),
and the president of the two provinces of Munster,
Sir Thomas Norris, joined by the most of the men
of Ireland except those of the province of Ulster,
marched, with a great army, against O’Rourke
and Mac Sweeney of the Districts, who made
friendship and alliance with a portion of the men
of the Spanish fleet we have before mentioned.
Those forces (the English) spoiled every thing
they found before them not belonging to the without considering his treachery criminality, queen's people, from the river Suck to Drowis (at where she was Moy Gaibhlin (in Donegal); Bundrowis, in Leitrim), and from Drowis to the when had come the place, she spoke her river Finn Donegal); but, however, they neither friends the Scots, and told and entreated them took nor endangered O’Rourke Mac Sweeney fulfil what they had promised; this was performed
that occasion. was that expedition that for her, for they attacked the place which Hugh O’Dogherty, namely, John Oge, the son John, was, shooting him with arrows and balls, until
son Felim, son Conor Carrach, and O’Gal they left him dead the spot, and there were
enmity towards him besides that, and was heart-sickness and sorrow
mind her not revenged him for his pride and arrogance; she complained her troubles
and injury the Scottish soldiers, who were both their service and pay, and attendance her places, that they promised her they would prepared, her command, avenge their en
lagher Sir John, the son Tuathal Balbh, were taken prisoners; the lord justice went Dublin, and the men of Ireland returned their homes.
also slain along with him the most endeared him his faithful people.
The son Mac Namara the eastern part Hugh Mac-an-Deaganaigh O'Gallagher, com Clan Cuilein (barony Tullagh, county Clare),
monly called Hugh, the son the Calvach O’Don namely Teige, the son Donal Riavach, son
nell, was put death the Inghean Dubh, the
ber, and them, which contained 5,394 men, were wrecked the coasts Ulster and Connaught, about the counties Antrim, Donegal, Sligo, Mayo and Galway. According Smith, his History Kerry, them, containing 600 men, were wrecked
Wm. Fitzwilliam. As the Spanish vessels contained much treasure, some which fell into the hands the natives the country, was claimed the queen's prerogative, and the lord deputy Fitz william, says Cox, his Hibernia Anglicana, “wishing have finger the pie” went Ulster November look after
Cumeadha, son Donogh, son Roderick, was
upon, says Cox, grew much enraged, that imprisoned Sir
Owen O'Toole, and O’Dogherty Donegal, both whom were
well affected the state; the former kept prison during his
time, and the other detained two years, until was forced purchase his discharge. Some the Spaniards who were ship
near the mouth the Shannon, and more, with about 800 men, were wrecked near the bays Tralee and Dingle, the coast Kerry. Great numbers the shipwrecked soldiers, various places, were taken prisoners, and about 300 them inhumanly put
wrecked entered into the service Hugh O'Neill, and stated Cox and Mac Geoghegan, that one thousand the Spaniards, under Antonio Leva, were hospitably received and relieved by death, being hanged and beheaded order the lord deputy O'Rourke, lord Leitrim; but Bingham, the governor Con naught, and others the queen's officers, endeavoured compel him give up their protection; however, O'Rourke, and Mac Sweeney Donegal, bravely defended the Spaniards, and would not surrender them, and the Spaniards having embarked return their own country, the ship foundered, and they were all
the great charge the queen and the country; but appears did not succeed getting much the expected plunder, where
drowned, sight the harbour, off the coast Sligo.
mity their enemies whenever they should fall with them. happened unfortunately for Hugh come with arrogant boasting and haughty pride,
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
567
hanged in Galway. The son of O'Connor Roe time a person whose aid was more thought of than (of Roscommon), namely, the son of Teige Oge, that of Donal, for he was of great strength, and a son of Teige Buighe, son of Cathal Roe, was also leader of a battalion; and it was not heard that he hanged in Galway. had ever turned his back to his enemy in any
O'Kennedy Fionn (the Fair), namely, Bryan, country. The commands of those messengers were
the son of Donal, son of Donogh, died; Anthony, not slowly attended to by Donal, for he immedi
the son of Donogh Oge, son of Hugh, son of ately mustered his forces within his controul, Awlave, and the Giolla Dubh, son of Dermod, and sent back the messengers Hugh, de son of Hugh, son of Roderick O'Kennedy (in sire him to meet them at Sciath-Gabhra-an-tSain
*
Ormond) were in contention and strife with each
other about the lordship, so that the manner in
which they made peace was to divide the lord
ship in two between them, and confer the title on Anthony.
A. D. 1589.
Maguire, i. e. Cuchonacht, the son of Cucho
nacht, namely, the coarb, the son ofCuchonacht,
son of Bryan, son of Philip, son of Thomas, died
on the 17th of June; he was a lord in conferring
presents on ecclesiastics, professors, learned men Donal O’Donnell before him when Donal re and poets, and distinguished for his profound ceived intelligence that was Conor who left the learning in Latin and Irish. After the death of notification which we have before mentioned, Maguire, namely Cuchonacht, Conor Roe, the son said that would profit him nothing, and that Hugh of Conor Maguire, considered that the lordship of should be his father’s successor, that was the country belonged to him, in regard to seniority,
but the other party were of opinion that the son
of Maguire, i. e. Hugh, should be the lord after
his father, so that they were in contention with
each other in that manner. Hugh sent messengers
to his kinsman Donal, the son of Hugh, son of Glaisne, died; Bryan, the son Hugh Oge, son Manus O’Donnell, although they had disputed be Hugh, son John Buighe, lord Dartry fore that time, entreating him to come to his aid Oirgiall; Eiver, the son Cu-uladh, lord Far and relief, as was customary with his ancestors, to ney, and the brother the deceased, namely, Hugh assist the tribe of Philip, the son of Thomas Ma Roe, were contention with each other about the guire.
There was not of the Tirconnallians at that
lordship the country. "
county Monaghan, whither his lordship took his journey shortly
A. D. 1589.
Death Mac Mahon. 1588, according Cox, Fynes
Morrison, and Mac Geoghegan, Mac Mahon, that Ross above mentioned the text, lord Monagham, died, who his life time had surrendered into the queen's hands his territory, held under the Irish law Tanistry, and received re-grant
under the broad seal England him and his heirs male, and for default such his brother Hugh Roe Mac Mahon; but Ross, dying without heirs male, his brother, Hugh Roe, came up
after, company with Mac Mahon. “At their first arrival” says Morrison, “the gentleman was clapt bolts, and within two days after indicted, arraigned, and executed, his own house, all done
the council Dublin, that he might
hoping countenanced and cherished
tee, but he found that he could not
promised give 600 cows, for “such” says Morrison, “and other, are the Irish bribes. ” MacMahon, however, was imprisoned, but few days enlarged, with the promise that the lord deputy, sir William Fitzwilliam, would himself go settle him his
freeholders, and them four English soldiers were suffered and come pleasure, but the others, being Irish Kerns, were kept straight and starved ’till they found him guilty. ” The cause, said, for which was condemnedwas, that about two years
before pretended rent was due him out Ferney (Farney, Monaghan), and upon that pretence levied forces, marched into Ferney, and made distress for the same. Mac Mahon's ter ritory was divided between the marshal, sir Henry Bagnall, and captain Henslow, who was made seneschal the county, and got Mac Mahon's chief house; four also the Mac Mahons got some
settled his inheritance, her majesty's paten
admitted 'till had
ridh (Lisnaskea, near Enniskillen, where the Ma guires were inaugurated lords Fermanagh),
expeditiously
without delay (barony Lurg,
could himself proceeded, halting, through Tuath-Luirg Fermanagh), along the margin
Lough Erne, until arrived the foremen tioned place. Conor Roe, with the chiefs the upper part Fermanagh, came the previous day
the same place, and left his notification there, Leathas (documents), order that the title
lord might conferred him the morrow. Hugh came that appointed place, and found
then once his title Flaith (prince chief), was conferred Hugh Maguire Donal O’Don nell and the chiefs his country.
Mac Mahon, Rossa, the son Art, son Bryan-na-Moicheirghe, son Redmond, son
such officers the lord deputy brought with him for that pur pose was found guilty by jury soldiers, but gentlemen
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568 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1589.
Elenor, the daughter of the earl of Desmond, i. e. of James, the son of John, son of Thomas, son of James, son of Gerald, who had been the wife of O’Rourke, and the wife of the son of the earl of Ormond, namely, of Edward, the son of James, son of Pierce Roe, son of James, son of Edmond, died.
The countess of the county of Clare, namely,
Una, the daughter of Torlogh, the son of Murtogh,
son of Donal, son of Teige, son of Torlogh, son of English and Irish soldiers, proceeded command Murrogh-na-Raithnighe (O’Brien), the wife ofthe
earl of Thomond, i. e. of Conor, the son of Donogh,
son of Conor, son of Torlogh, son of Teige O'Brien,
died in Great Clare.
Donal Mac Congail (or Mac Connell, called
Donat Magonail in Ware), bishop of Raphoe, died -
on the 29th of September.
Torlogh, the son of Teige, son of Conor, son of
Torlogh, son of Teige O'Brien, of Bel-Atha-an
Chomhraic (in Clare), died; and the person who there died was much lamented.
Teige-an-Dunaidh, the son of Donogh, son of Murtogh, son of Donogh, son of Murtogh, son of the Ballach, the senior representative of Tuath-na Fearna, i. e. of Corcabaiscinn (Mac Mahon of
Clare), and of the tribe of the Ballach, died; there did not exist in his time so valiant a man in his neighbourhood.
Cormac, the son of Teige, son of Dermod, son of Cormac (Mac Carthy of Cork), of Moy Laithimh, died.
Manus, the son of Con, son of Calvach, son of Manus, son of Hugh Duv O’Donnell, was killed
near the river Finn, on the 20th of September, by John, the son of Manus Oge, son of Manus, son of Hugh Duv O’Donnell.
the lands, under yearly rent the queen, and each them had pay for their shares large bribes the deputy Fitzwiliam, according Cox, which they made complaint the council
England. Morrison says, that Mac Mahon's execution,
heartburnings and loathings the English government began
grow the northern lords, and they shunned much they could admit any sheriffs any English live among them,
fearing similar practices; and also states that Evir Mac Colla Mac Mahon offered the lord deputy Fitzwilliam seven thousand cows make him chief Monaghan. Cox says, that from hence forward the Irish loathed sheriffs, fearing that time they might follow the fate Mac Mahon, and, therefore, the great treaty near Dundalk, January, 1595, they
exempted from garrisons, sheriffs, and other officers.
Maguire Fermanagh. --About this period,
after, Hugh Maguire, lord Fermanagh, learning that sheriff was sent into his county, desired the lord deputy Fitz
were defeated, and himself was beheaded, to
gether with Donal O'Daly, agentleman who had the
command someofthe soldiers; and Redmond Oge, the son Redmond, son John Burke-na-Beinne,
desired
Tireragh the Moy; they were joined
the Clan Donnell galloglasses; Murrogh the Battle-axes, son Teige, son Murrogh O'Fla herty, together with the O'Flahertys and Joyces; so that there was not one of note from the western point Erris Mayo), Traigh Eothuile (near Ballysadare Sligo), Machaire Luighne, Cor ran (both Sligo), and the Plain Connaught
Roscommon), that did not unite opposition
the governor (Bingham). Those insurgents
continued devastate the province Con naught day and night, during the spring.
william let him know his Eric, that might levy the fine his people, for that they would certainly kill the sheriff. But appears, from Cox and Mac Geoghegan, that sheriff was after wards sent into Maguire's county, though Maguire alleged that had paid 300 beeves the lord deputy, Fitzwilliam, bribe free Fermanagh from sheriff during his time, but that, neverthe less, one captain Willis was appointed sheriff, and kept 200 followers, soldiers, idle women and boys, who preyed and plundered the entire country. Maguire rose arms, routed them, and drove them all into church, where, says Cox, would have murdered them, but for the earl Tyrone (Hugh O'Neill), who got their lives spared condition that they should depart from the country. When Maguire expelled the sheriff and his followers, the lord deputy, says Morrison, sent the queen's forces Fermanagh,
took the castle Enniskillen from Maguire, and proclaimed him traitor.
few years
Donal, the son of Owen of the Lake Mac
Sweeny, the constable of Muskerry Cork), died;
the deceased was man good surety, and kept open house hospitality, and was generally praised by the English and Irish.
The Lower Burkes, from Tyrawly westward (in Mayo), went their guard, after having refused under the controul the governor Richard
Bingham. Master Brown, with great number
the governor across Bealach-an-Diotruibhe
westward, attack those Burkes; the Burkes
made attack upon them, and when Master
Brown came close engagement, his soldiers
and also great number the soldiers along with them. The power and pride the Burkes in creased through that victory, and they became more violent their insurrection account
the tribe Oliver, the son John Burke Ty rawly, went alliance with them, and the O’Dowds
to be
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It was at that time that two sons of Murrogh of the Battle-axes O'Flaherty, namely, Teige and Urun,
galloglasses, they could,
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 569
the Burkes Mayo), and the Clan Donnell
mustered and collected the people we have before mentioned, the the winter this year, that pedition to the borders of Conmaicne and Machaire there was not one of note from Corrsliabh-na
and a brother's son of Murrogh, i. e. Donal, the
son of Roderick O'Flaherty, went on a hostile ex harvest, and
Riavach (in Galway), on Easter night precisely; Seaghsa (the Curlew mountains, the borders there were two or three hundred Diolmuineachs Roscommon and Sligo), the western point
(hired soldiers), on that expedition, and they began
to seize on much plunder and booty throughout
the country, in the early part of Easter Sunday,
and the people of the country in directions
went pursuit them. On the night previous earl Thomond, namely, Donogh, the son
that one two companies soldiers came
privately and unperceived guard the country,
and having heard the loud report the ordnance,
and the clamour the armed forces, on the fol formed numerous and clamorous camp Kerns lowing day they proceeded narrow pass, Cunga (Cong, Mayo). The Burkes were which could not easily taken avoided, where encamped opposite them the western side, and they lay ambush for the Irish forces; they conferences were held between them, during found Teige O'Flaherty advancing towards them, fortnight, but they could not pacified during
the front the force, and his people close rank that time. At the end that period the go about him; the soldiers having fired volleys balls vernor and the earl proceeded, with ten twelve the van the Irish force,Teige O'Flaherty, toge companies, across Beilgibh inwards, visit
ther with Urun O'Flaherty, Teige Oge, the son Tyrawley and Erris; the Burkes marched Teige O'Flaherty, and great number his sup parallel direction with them, and contemplated
son Dermod, son
Limerick (Cornelius
Conor, i. e. the bishop O'Dea, bishop Limerick
1426, see Ware's Bishops), son
from 1400
Murrogh-an-Dana O'Dea, died, and was buried
Disert-Tola (Dysert O'Dea, the barony Inch iquin, county Clare), his own town Triochad
Cead Kinel Fermaic, the south Dalgais.
A. D. 1590
The Burcaigh Iochtaracha (the Lower Burkes
Iorras, and Umhal (the baronies Erris, Bur rishoole, and Murrisk, Mayo), that did not join
that alliance.
The governor, Sir Richard Bingham, and the
Conor, son Donogh O’Brien, marched with all
their forces, the first month this year, i. e. the month January, attack the Burkes, and they
porters the chiefs Joyce’s Country, and the
Clan Donogh, who were about him, were killed
that discharge, and such the Irish forces were
not slain the first volley, returned, without run ning being alarmed,and were not followed beyond
that place. Edmond, the son Murrogh the Battle-axes O'Flaherty, who was imprisoned Galway, was hanged three days after Teige had been killed; and those sons Murrogh the Battle-axes O'Flaherty had not fallen, conse quence their plundering and insurrection against the sovereign England, their death after that
encounter them Bearnaigh-na-Gaoithe (the Windy Gap, the parish Addergoole, barony Tyrawley, county Mayo); but, however, they did not so, and the pass was let free the go
vernor and the earl; was that expedition that the foot, out from the joint, was taken off Mac
William Burke. The governor returned back Cong, and himself, the Burkes, and Clan Don
nell, made peace with each other; and they de
livered their hostages into the hands the gover nor, and the governor went the town Athlone,
and the men Connaught returned their homes. The governor marched with very great force,
the month March, attack O’Rourke; that army was great, that the governor sent im
mense number his captains, and his companies, Slieve Cairpre, the upper end Muintir Eo
luis (in Leitrim), and another portion the officers his army proceeded the bridge Sligo,
the western side, towards Brefney, and those forces began burn and devastate, kill, and destroy
before them the country general, until they met each other. O’Rourke was expelled that expedition, and received neither shelternor
manner would have been Dermod Oge, the son
great loss.
Dermod, son Denis,
4 D
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of
of
.
570 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1590.
protection until he arrived in the Tuatha to Mac Tirconnell opposition her son, Hugh Roe, Sweeney-na-dTuath (of the Districts, in Donegal), who was then imprisoned Dublin, whenever
namely Owen Oge, the son of Owen, son of Owen, God might allow him return from his incarcera
son of Donal, and he remained with him to the end tion, that was on that account she mustered
of this year; and such of his people as did not go those the Tirconnallians who were faithfully into banishment came in and submitted to the obedient her, namely O’Dogherty and his forces;
governor. Donal, the son of Teige, son of Bryan Mac Sweeney the Districts, Owen Oge, with O’Rourke, and Hugh Oge, the son of Hugh Gall his force; Mac Sweeney Fanat and his forces, da, were aiding the English to expel and banish together with great number the Scots. O'Rourke. The country, both waste and inha When Donal O’Donnell received intelligence bited, was under the controul of the governor, to those forces being mustered march against him, the following festival of St. Michael, until Tiarnan he collected his force meet them those who
Baun, the son of Bryan, son of Owen O’Rourke, and Bryan Oge-na-Samthach, the son of that O'Rourke, who had been expelled, came to the country about Michaelmas; these, and the tribes of Brefney and Muintir Eoluis (the Mac Rannalls of Leitrim), and the O’Rourkes, who were before them in the country, went in opposition to the governor, and they continued spoiling that was
under the power the English, every direction they went, the end this year. great fortress, the like of which had not been constructed for long time, was made the governor, between Loch-Ce and Loch-Arbhach (Loch Kea, Ros common, and Loch Arrow Sligo).
The son O’Neill, i. e. Hugh Geimhleach, the son John Dongaileach, son Con Bacach, son Con, son Henry, son Owen, was hanged the earl Tyrone, namely, by Hugh, the son
Feardorcha, son Con Bacach; there was not man his age for long time, the race
joined with him were Mac Sweeney Banagh, namely Donogh, the son Maolmurry, and party the Clan Sweeney Munster, together with the three sons Owen, the son Maol murry, son Donogh, son Torlogh, (Mac Sweeney), with their forces, and O'Boyle, i. e. Teige Oge, the son Teige, son Torlogh, with
fighting, that was slain there Doire Lea Eogan, son Niall, who was more lamented than than (Derrylaghan), near the harbour Teiliond
that Hugh. The son
(Telen Harbour, Donegal). Seldom ever, before that time, had his enemies been victorious, al though the persons by whom was slain had not been actually his enemies until they encountered
Donal, the son Hugh Duv, son
Bundrowes, Leitrim), the people Boylagh together with two hundred the side Donal. and Banagh (the O'Boyles Boylagh, and Mac Walter Ciotach Burke, the son John, son Sweeneys Banagh). was great tribulation Oliver, died, after having made peace with the
O’Donnell, Manus, son
Hugh, son
Hugh Roe, son Niall Garv, son Torlogh the
Wine, began supersede his father, after had on that occasion; and although that Donal was become feeble and helpless, and after his other son
had been imprisoned Dublin, that Donal
brought those from the mountain westward,
Tirconnell, under his power and controul, viz. from
Barnus Drowis (from Barnusmore mountain Owen, the son Maolmurry, son Donogh,
and torment mind the daughter James Mac Donnell, that Donal should have made that declaration, lest might assume the government
English.
Mac Coghlan (of King's county), i. e. John, the
son Art, son Cormac, died; and there was
his forces.
happened
(Banagh),
The place where the son O’Donnell
was the west the eastern side
Tir Boghaine
Gleann. Banagh), with
(Glencolumkille, the barony
those chiefs along with him. The other party did
not halt until they came oppose them that
place, and fierce battle was fought between them;
the Scots shot forth shower of arrows from their
flexible bows, with which immense
pierced and wounded them, the
tember, and those was the son
himself, which was disabled from using arms
not the rightful heir the patrimony, would dishonour for Tirconnell appoint him over
had been ceded him. There were slain that conflict, along with Donal, those three sons
number was 14th Sep O’Donnell
of
it,be or no
all of so
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be of of
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of at C. C.
of
not a man of his estate, of the race of Cormac Cas, whose mansions, castles, and good dwelling houses,
were better arranged, or more comfortable than
his ; and his son, John Oge, was appointed his Successor.
Maolroona, the son of Calvach, son of Donogh, son of John O'Carroll, died.
Fitz-Maurice of Kerry," i. e. Thomas, the son of Edmond, son of Thomas, son of Edmond, died ;
goods, of any man of his rank and patrimony in the most part of Leath-Mogha at that time; and Pa trick, his heir, was then in imprisonment in Dublin.
O'Loghlin (of Burren, in Clare), i. e. Anthony, the son of Malachy, son of Roderick, son of Ana, died; and his son Rossa, and his grandson An thony, were in contention with each other about succeeding him.
REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 57. 1
Sorley Buighe, the son of Alexander, son of John he was the best purchaser of wine, horses, and Cathanach Mac Donnell, died. *
A. D. 1590.
1. Fitzmaurice of Kerry. —An account has been given at pp. 180, 528 of the Fitzmaurices, earls of Kerry, who were descended from Raymond le Gros, the celebrated Anglo-Norman warrior who came to Ireland with Strongbow. Thomas Fitzmaurice, above mentioned, according to Lodge's Peerage, was son of Ed mond, the 10th baron of Lixnaw, in Kerry, by Una, or Winnifred, daughter of Teige or Torlogh Mac Mahon, lord of Corcabascin in Clare. After several of his brothers and relatives had beenbarons, he succeeded as the 16th lord of Lixnaw. When a young man he served at Milan, and other parts of Italy, under the emperors of Germany; on the death of his brother Gerald, the 15th baron, another Gerald Fitzmaurice, supposed to be the next heir male, took possession of the lordship, and held it about a year, when Joan Harman, who had been nurse to the lord Thomas, though then very old, resolved to go in search of him, and, accompanied by her daughter, took ship at Dingle, sailed to France, and, pro ceeding to Milan, she acquainted lord Thomas of her errand, and died on her return home. Lord Thomas came to Ireland, and after some opposition, succeeded to his title and estates in 1552, and was styled lord of Kerry, and captain of his nation. In 1581, he for some time was joined with Gerald, earl of Desmond, in the war against Elizabeth, but afterwards became reconciled to the government; he died at Lixnaw, on the 16th of December, 1500, in the 80th year of his age, and was buried in the toinb of bishop Philip Stack, in the cathedral of Ardfert, as governor John Zouch, who then kept a garrison in the abbey, refused him burial in the tomb of his ancestors. This Thomas Fitzmaurice was a man of great valour and accomplishments, and, according to Lodge, he was the handsomest man of that age, and of such great strength, that not three men could be found in Kerry able to bend his bow. His son, Patrick Fitzmaurice, by a daughter of James, earl of Desmond, succeeded as baron of Lixnaw, and joined the Munster chiefs in the war against Elizabeth ; he died in 1600, and was succeeded by his son Thomas, by Jane, daughter of David Itoche, lord of Fermoy. This Thomas, baron of Lixnaw, and lord of Kerry, was a commander of note in Munster in the war against Elizabeth, and joined the forces of Red Hugh O'Donnell, who came to assist the Spaniards at the siege of Kinsale.
2. The Mac Donnells of Antrim. —An account has beengiven at pp. 22, 417, in these notes, of the Mac Donnells of Antrim and the Hebrides, who were originally descended from the Irish race in Ulster, called Clan Colla; some of their ancestors, of the tribe of Clan Colla, having gone from Ulster in remote times, settled in Scotland, chiefly in Argyle, and the Hebrides, and, according to Lodge's Peerage on the Mac Donnells earls of Antrim, they became the most numerous and powerful clan in the Highlands of Scotland, where they were generally called Mac Donalds. In the reign of Malcolm IV. , king of Scotland, in the 12th century, Somerled, Samhairle, or Sorley Mac Donnell, was Thane of Argyle, and his descendants were styled lords of the Isles or Hebrides, and lords of Cantyre, and were allied by intermarriages with the Norwegian earls of the Orkneys, Hebrides, and Isle of Man. The Mac Don nells continued for many centuries to make a conspicuous figure in the history of Scotland, as one of the most valiant and powerful clans in that country. Some chiefs of these Mac Donnells came to Ireland, in the beginning of the 13th century; the first of them mentioned in these Annals being the sons of Randal, sonof Somer
led, the Thane of Argyle above mentioned, and they, accompanied
by Thomas Mac Uchtry, a chief from Galloway, came, in A. D. 1211, with 76 ships and powerful forces, to Derry; they plun
dered several parts of Derry and Donegal, and fresh forces of these Scots having arrived at various periods, they made some settle ments in Antrim, and continued their piratical expeditions along the coasts of Ulster. The Mac Donnells settled chiefly in those districts called the Routes and Glynnes, in the territory of ancient Dalriada, in Antrim, and they had their chief fortress at Dunluce. They became very powerful, and formed alliances by marriage with the Irish princes and chiefs of Ulster, as the O’Neills of Tyrone and Clannaboy, the O'Donnells of Donegal, the O’Kanes of Derry, the Mac Mahons of Monaghan, &c. The Mac Dounells carried on long and fierce contests with the Mac Quillans, power ful chiefs in Antrim, whom they at length totally vanquished in
the 16th century, and seized on their lands, and their chief fortress of Dunseverick, near the Giant's Causeway Many distinguished chieftains of the Mac Donnells are mentioned in the course of these Annals; they were celebrated commanders of galloglasses in Ulster and Connaught, and make a remarkable figure in Irish history, in the various wars and battles, from the 13th to the 17th century, and particularly in the reign of Elizabeth ; they are some times called Clan Donnells, and by some of the English writers Mac Connells. The Mac Alustrums, or Mac Allisters, of Scotland and Ireland, were a branch of the Mac Donnells, and took their name from one of their chiefs named Alastrum, or Alexander; and as the name Sandy, or Saunders, is a contraction of Alexan der, some of them have anglicised their names to Saunderson. The Mac Sheehys, according to Lodge, were also a branch of the Mac Donnells, who came from Scotland to Ireland, and they also were ceiebrated commanders of galloglasses, particularly in Mun ster, under the Fitzgeralds, earls of Desmond. The Mac Don nells generally fought in alliance with the Irish, as the O'Neills, O'Donnells, &c. , and also along with the Burkes of Connaught, against the English, but very frequently there were fierce contests between the Mac Donnells and the Irish chiefs. The Sorley Buighe, above mentioned, was son of Alexander Mac Donnell, by a daugh ter of O’Kane, and Sorley makes a remarkable figure in Ulster for a period of about 20 years; he was mostly joined with the Irish chiefs in the war against Elizabeth, but he afterwards became re conciled to the government, and his son, sir Randal, was created earl of Antrim by king James I. , and that title has been since held by the family of Mac Donnell. The following passage is taken from a document which has beenkindly furnished by W. D. Ferguson, Esq. , barrister, Dublin, a learned gentleman; it is en titled A Discourse made by Mr. Tremayne, in the reign of king James touching grants lands made by queen Elizabeth the
Scots the Glynnes and Routes Antrim :—“It very dangerous matter, for granted that
the Scots the head and maintenance rebellion
what can more perilous than plant them that place along the sea coast that most apt and the very receptacle receive them thither. If, therefore, they must needs placed thcre, were good they were divided sundry septs, and not too much granted any one; that there were many freeholders and strait
covenants devised against the receiving any number Scots into that territory. ”
thought
all the access that realm,
of 4
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572 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1590.
Owen Mac Andeaganaigh (a family name an that they began call them the people who
glicised to Dean), died.
Hugh Roe O'Donnell, having been incarcerated
in Dublin for three years and three months, was greatly grieved in mind at being in cruel captivity
lived the houses opposite the door the other side the street, and when those came that call, they took out the piece wood which was the chain, and let open the door the people the
after that manner; and it was not on his own ac castle, who, along with great party the citizens, count, but on account of the dire bondage in which went pursuit those persons who had escaped his country and native land, his friends and rela from them; but that was avail them, for tives, were placed, in every quarter throughout they had been outside the walls the town before
Ireland; he was also meditating in his mind on they were missed,
the gates the regal city
what means of escape he could find, but that was
not an easy matter for him, for he was put every
night into a gloomy cell in the castle, to be secured
until the following morning. That castle was so
situated, that it was completely surrounded with a
broad and very deep trench full of water, over
which was a narrow wooden bridge, directly before
the door of the fortress, and a stern party of the journey and flight. As they were wearied and
English inside and outside about the door, strictly
guarding that none could come out
without permission; but, however, there
guarding that advantage may not ultimately did not think safe stop the wood, they
obtained
panions, were,
the beginning
Hugh, with number his com were dread being pursued; but, however,
tached them
wood,
the door, for persons pull out shutting and they thrust strong piece thick filled the hand, through the
the protect
the end winter precisely, night, together, before they had
Hugh was not able proceed with his companions, for his fair and tender feet were torn by the furze
the mountain, his shoes had fallen off, after they were completely ripped the wet, which
they did not receive till then. was great grief his companions that they could not bring him
been put into the strong cells which they were
every night, and they took with them very long
rope, the window which was accessible them,
by which the fugitives descended, until they
alighted the bridge which was before the door
any further with them, and they bade him farewell, and left their blessings with him. He sent his servant certain gentleman the clans the province Leinster, who lived castle neighbourhood, try would defend
the fortress. There was thick iron chain at
chain prevent them from coming out the for tress, pursue them suddenly. There was
him his name was Felim O'Toole, and
was thought, young man Hugh’s faithful people waiting for had gone visit him one time the
for their escape, who met them when they came out,
prison which was Dublin, and they res
pectively confirmed their friendship with each other. The messenger proceeded Felim’s place,
and was experienced battle, and subduer would every good his power for Hugh conflict. As the guards, they did not the but, however, his friends and relatives did not re time notice the escape, but when they discovered commend him conceal him, being dread
they immediately rushed fast they possibly the punishment the English. was afterwards could the door the castle, for they hoped discovered those who had gone pursuit encounter them conflict; after they had come him, we have before stated, that was the the door, they found impossible open wood, and those pursuers having heard that, went
and had two well tempered swords under his gar
ment, which delivered into the hands Hugh,
who gave one these swords brave warrior
the Lagenians, Art Cavenagh, who was near, received him friendly manner, and promised
friend Hugh previous that,
that time, and they had ar the mountain which lay before
were open them
rived the foot
them, viz. , the Slieve Roe (the Red Mountain,
the borders Dublin and Wicklow); fear did not permit them proceed the common road, and they did not stop their course until they crossed the forementioned Slieve Roe, after fatiguing
tired, they proceeded thick sequestered wood,
which lay before them, which they remained till morning, when they prepared depart, for they
and related him the cause his coming, and
it
in
in
of
as it,
a
as to
a
a to
as
he ;
at
in
of
in
to
he
to to
in
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to
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to
of
a
YI. , afterwards James England, who then appeared be on friendly terms with the Irish, violation the rights hospi tality, says Mac Geoghegan, ordered O'Rourke seized, and had him. sent prisoner England, conciliate the favour Queen Elizabeth. O'Rourke, after being confined some time
REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
573
in pursuit of him with their troops. As Felim was conveyed him to England, and to London, where sure that he would be found, the resolution that he remained imprisoned for some time till the fol he and his kinsmen came to was, that they them lowing November Term ; having been tried by selves should take him prisoner, and bring him law, he was condemned to death, and was back to the council in the city; they accordingly hanged beheaded, and quartered. The death
did so, and when they came to Dublin, the council of that Bryan was one of the greatest losses the
were rejoiced at their coming to them, and they Irish sustained, for there had not lived of his family considered it of little avail and consequence that the for a long time a person more eminent for bounty,
other hostages and prisonershadescaped from them; good hospitality, excellence, giving rewards for he was put into the same prison again, and iron laudatory poems, liberality, conviviality, mildness, fetters were bound on him as tightly as possible, circumspection, maintaining the field of battle, and they watched and guarded him as closely as defending his patrimony, and protecting strangers, they could. His escape, after that manner, and till his death on that occasion. "
his recapture, was generally heard of throughout the entire land of Ireland, and a great gloom came over the Irish on account of that event (See notes at A. D. 1587 and 1592).
Murrogh, the son of Conor, son of Torlogh, son of Teige, son of Torlogh, son of Bryan of the Bat
Nenagh O’Brien, died Cathair Miomain, the 25th February, and was buried Kilfe
nora (in Clare).
Margaret, the daughter Donal, the son
A. D. 1591.
O’Rourke, i. e. Bryan-na-Murtha, the son of Conor, son Torlogh, son Teige, son Tor
Bryan Ballach, son of Owen, son of Tiarnan, son logh, son Bryan the Battle
of Teige, son of Tiarnan More, had been expelled, the wife Torlogh, the son
as before stated, into Tirconnell, to the Tuatha, Donogh Mac Mahon, died
(Districts), where he remained upwards of a year (Kilmacduane, Clare), and was buried Inis with Mac Sweeny, i. e. Owen Oge. He went cathaidh (Inniscattery Island, near the mouth after that to Scotland, in the hope of receiving the Shannon); and her sister Aine, the wife protection or relief from the king of Scotland; a Torlogh Roe, the son Teige, son Murrogh, party of the queen's people, having taken him, son Teige Roe Mac Mahon, died.
A. D. 1591.
Death O'Rourke—The above mentioned Bryan O'Rourke, lord West Brefney Leitrim, was called the Irish Brian na-Murtha, signifying Bryan the Bulwarks, from some fortresses
had erected during his battles with the English. He was celebrated chieftain, distinguished for his fine person, valour, mu nificence, and hospitality; during period many years maintained his independence, and fought various battles with the English forces, under Nicholas Malby and Richard Bing han, governors Connaught. He was particularly remarkable
his protection the Spaniards, who had been wrecked the
Armada, before mentioned, the year 1588, and this drew
him the vengeance the governor Bingham, who made many
charges impeachment against him, amongst others that had
caused the picture queen Elizabeth tied horse's tail,
and dragged derision through his territory. After many con
flicts with the English under Bingham, who was assisted the
earl Clanrickard, O'Rourke's forces, and those ally Mac
Sweeney Donegal, were length defeated, and, unable main
tain his position, O'Rourke went Scotland, with the hope
Faising some auxiliaries recover territory; but king James ferred British settlers; Williers, duke Buckingham, and the
Scottish family Hamilton, got the principal part O’Rourke's
lands. the great insurrection 1641, sir Owen O'Rourke, at tempting recover the estates his ancestors, had many engage
ments with the English settlers, and seized several their castles; but the Cromwellian confiscations, the ancient race O'Rourke lost the remaining portion the lands their ancestors. At 76, the note Brefney, account has beengiven several
the Tower, was tried Westminster, 1591, and being con
demned for treason, was hanged and beheaded Tyburn,
displaying his execution the most undaunted courage, firmness, the Counts O'Rourke, distinguished the military service and magnanimity. Bryan O'Rourke was the last prince Brefney, France, Austria, Russia and Poland.
for though other chiefs note came after him, none them was able exercise power and authority ancient times; lived his castle Dromahaire, style great munifi
cence, and hospitality, and his memory was long celebrated the
Irish Bards. Many distinguished chiefs the O'Rourkes, princes
and lords West Brefney, Leitrim, are mentioned the course
these Annals. Teige O'Rourke, son the above Bryan, was
commander note the war against Elizabeth, and, 1599,
fought with great bravery conjunction with Red Hugh O'Don
nell, and other chiefs, the battle the Curlew Mountains,
Roscommon, where the English forces were defeated with great loss, and their commander, sir Conyers Clifford, slain. Teige died
about the year 1606, and was succeeded his son Bryan, who, about the year 1615, being summoned appear before the privy
council submit
Hampton Court, the duke Buckingham required him the plantation his estates, that have them British settlers; O'Rourke refused so, which
colonised was sent
the Tower, where was confined upwards 30 years, during which time his estates were confiscated, and trans
Nenagh O'Brien, Bryan, son Kill-Mec-Dubhain
at
of ofas
of at
to for be
his
in
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he
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heat to to
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F
| 574 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1592.
Donogh, the son of Murrogh Roe, son of Bryan, son of Teige, son of Torlogh, son of Bryan of the Battle of Nenagh, died on the 8th of February.
William Burke, the son of John, son of Oliver, son of John, was killed by a gentleman of his own
month, namely, John-na-nSeimhleadh (of the Chains), Mac Namara, the son of Mahon, son of Hugh.
More, the daughter of Donogh, the son of John, son of Maolroona-na-Fesoige (of the Beard), son adherents, namely, by Alexander, the son of Hugh of Teige O'Carroll, the wife of Mac I-Brien of
Buighe Mac Donnell.
The son of Mac William Burke, namely, Wal
ter of the Blows, the son of Rickard, son of John
of the Termon, son of Myler, was killed in a noc
turnal attack by a party of his own near relatives
Ara (in Tipperary), died; she was a woman who spent her time well, and departed the world with out reproach or rebuke.
Cathaleen, the daughter of Donal, the son of Fingin, son of Dermod-an-Dunaidh Mac Carthy,
and kindred, aided by some of the Clan Don the wife of Teige, the son of Cormac Oge, son of
nells.
O'Boyle, i. e. Torlogh Roe, the son of Niall,
son of Torlogh, the most eminent of any that lived of his tribe for a long time, the supporting pillar of
Cormac, son of Teige Mac Carthy, a sensible,
pious, charitable and hospitable woman, died after
having gained the victory over the world and the devil.
The son of O’Meagher, i. e John of the Glen,
learned men and strangers, a man who increased
the lands of the church and professors, the Guaire the son of Thomas, died.
of his tribe in generosity and hospitality, the maintainer of the indigent and helpless, died in his
own fortress, about the festival of St. Bridget, and was buried with solemnity at Donegal, in the burial place of his ancestors.
A. D. 1592. - O'Conor Roe, i. e. Teige Oge, the son of Teige Buighe, son of Cathal Roe, was hanged at the
session of Roscommon, in the month of January, on account of the crimes of his sons, who were engaged in plundering and insurrection against the crown of England; and he was at that time in an aged, feeble, and blind condition, although he got his death after that manner.
Mac Dermott of Moylurg, namely Bryan, the son of Roderick, son of Teige, son of Dermod, died in the month of November, and the death of that man was the more to be lamented, as there was not
the like of him of the Clan Maolroona (the tribe name of the Mac Dermotts, princes of Moylurg, in Roscommon), to assume the government as his
SuccessOr.
All the Burkes in alliance with Mac William,
and their adherents, went on their guard, and the governor, Sir Richard Bingham, having received intelligence of proceeded into the county Mayo, that the castles the country, both perfect and dismantled, were under his controul, viz. , Dun-na-Mona (Dunnamone, the barony Carra), Cuil-na-gs'aisiol (in the barony Kil maine), An-Ghaoisideacht (in Carra), and Cluain in. The Burkes attacked the governor Cuil na-goaisiol, but they, their return, sustained more loss than the governor. The governor after that sent large forces companies English and Irish search those Burkes, who were insur rection and plundering, along the rugged-topped hills, and the bushy, close, and intricate woods; they had not been long that search, when they returned the governor with great booty, and capture prisoners, women and men, and great number cows and horses.