No More Learning

DELPHUS.
1,
whom she became the mother of Diomedes. (Apol- Constantine the Great, he received the title of
lod. i. 8. § 5, 9. $ 13. ) Servius (ad Aen. i. 101) censor, which had lain dormant since the attempt
and Hyginus (Fub. 69) call her Deiphile. (L. S. ] of Decius to revive it in the person of Valerian,
DEI'PYLUS (Antunos), three mythical beings and now appears for the last time among the
concerning whom nothing of interest is related dignities of Rome. Delmatius was entrusted with
(Hom. Il. v. 325; Hygin. Fab. 15, 109. ) (L. S. ) | the task of investigating the charge brought by the
DELIUS and DE’LIA (Arios and Anaia or Arians against Athanasius of having murdered
András), surnames of Apollo and Artemis respec- Arsenius, bishop of Ilypselis (ATHANASIUS, p.
tively, which are derived from the island of Delos, 394], and appears to have died before the year
the birthplace of those two ủivinities. (Virg. Aen. A. D. 335. (Tillemont, Histoire des Empereurs,
vi. 12, Eclog. vii. 29; Val. Flacc. i. 446 ; Orph. vol. iv. p. 288. ) He was the father of
Hymn. 33. 8. ) They are likewise applied, espe- 2. FLAVIUS JULIUS DELMATIUS, who was edu-
cially in the plural, to other divinities that were cated at Narbonne under the care of the rhetorician
worshipped in Delos, viz. Demeter, Aphrodite, Exsuperius; distinguished himself by suppressing
and the nymphs. (Aristoph. Thesm. 333; Callim. the rebellion of Calocerus in Cyprus; was appoint-
Hymn. in Dian. 169, Hymn. in Del. 323; Hom. ed consul A. D. 333 ; two years afterwards was
Ilymn. in Apoll. Del. 157. )
[L. S. ] created Caesar by his uncle, whoin he is said to
Q. DE'LLIUS, a Roman eques, who seems have resembled strongly in disposition ; upon the
to have lived as a negotiator in Asia, where division of the empire received Thrace, Macedonia,
in B. C. 44 he joined Dolabella. Afterwards he together with Achaia, as his portion ; and was put
went over to Cassius and then joined M. Antony, to death by the soldiers in a. D. 337, sharing the
who sent him, in B. C. 41, to Egypt to summon fate of the brothers, nephews, and chief ministers
Cleopatra to appear before him at Tarsus in Cilicia. of Constantine.
Cleopatra, trusting to the power of her personal
charms, obeyed the command and went to Antony,
In C. c. 36, Dellius was engaged on some business
in Judaea, and on that occasion he is said to have
advised Alexandra, the daughter of Hyrcanus and
widow of Alexander, to send the portraits of her
beautiful children to Antony in order to win the
favour of the triumvir. In the same year he ac-
companied Antony on his expedition against the It must be observed that there is frequently
Parthians. In B. C. 34, when Antony marched great difficulty in distinguishing Delmatius the
into Armenia, Dellius was sent before him to Arta- father from Delmatius the son. Many historians
vasdes, to lull him into security by treacherous believe the former to have been the consul of A. D.
promises. When the war of Actium broke out, 333, and the conqueror of Calocerus, the date of
B. c. 31, Dellius and Amyntas were sent by Antony whose revolt is very uncertain. A few coins of
from Galatia to Macedonia to collect auxiliaries; the younger in gold, silver, and small bruss, are to
but before the fatal battle was fought, Dellius to be found in all large collections, and on these
deserted to Octavian. This step was nothing ex- his name is conjoined with the title of Caesar and
traordinary in a man of his kind, who had suc- Princeps Juventutis, the orthography being for the
cessively belonged to all the parties of the time; | most part Delmatius, although Dalmatius also
but he is said to have been led to this last deser- occasionally appears. (Auson. Prof. 17; Victor,
tion by his fear of Cleopatra, whom he had Epit
. 41, de Caes. 41, Excerpt. l'ales. § 35 ;
offended by ridiculing the meanness she displayed Theophan. Chronograph. p. 282; Tillemont, His-
at her entertainments. After this we hear no toire des Empereurs, vol. iv. pp. 251, 259, 261,
more of himn. Dellius appears to have been a man 313, and his note, p. 664, in which he discusses at
of some talent; he did at least some service to length the dates connected with the history of
literature by writing a history of the war against Delmatius and Hannibalianus. [W. R. ]
the Parthians, in which he himself had fought DELPHI'NIA (Aen Quvia), a surname of Arte-
under Antony: (Strab. xi. p. 523, with Casaubon's mis at Athens. (Pollux, x. 119. ) The masculine
correction. ) This work is completely lost, and we form Delphinius is used as a surname of Apollo,
cannot even say whether it was written in Latin and is derived either from his slaying the dragon
or in Greek; but we have reason for believing that Delphine or Delplıyne (usually called Python)
Plutarch's account of that war (Ant. 37—52) was who guarded the oracle at Pytho, or from his hav-
taken from Dellius, so that probably we possess ing shewn the Cretan colonists the way to Delphi,
at least an abridgement of the work. (Plut. Ant. while riding on a dolphin or metamorphosing him-
59. ) In the time of Seneca (Suas. p. 7) there self into a dolphin. (Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 208. )
existed some letters of Dellius to Cleopatra of a Under this name Apollo had temples at Athens,
lascivious nature, which are now likewise lost. Our Cnossus in Crete, Didyma, and Massilia. (Paus. i.
Q. Dellius is probably the same person as the 19. $ 1; Plut. Thes. 14; Strab. iv. p. 179; Mül-
Dellius to whom Horace addressed the beautiful third ler, Acginet. p. 154. )
(L. S. )
ode of the second book. (Comp. Dion Cass. xlix. DELPHUS (Aencós). 1. A son of Poseidon
39, 1. 13, 23 ; Vell. Pat. ii. 84; Joseph. Ant. Jud. and Melantho, a daughter of Deucalion, from whom
xv. 2. $ 6; Plut. Ant. 25; Zonar. x. 29 ; Senec. the town of Delphi was believed to have derived
de Clement. i. 10. )
[L. S. )
(Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 208; comp. Ov.
DELMA'TICÚS, a surname of L. Caecilius Met. vi. 120. )
Metellus, consul in B. c. 119. [METELLUS. ] 2. A son of Apollo by Celaeno, the daughter of
DELMATIUS or DALMATIUS. 1. Son of Hyamus, and, according to others, by Thyia, the
Constantius Chlorus and his second wife, Flavia daughter of Castalius, or by Melaena, the daughter
Maximiana Theodora. From his half-brother, 1 of Cephissus. Tradition pointed to him also as
its name.


## p. 957 (#977) ############################################

DEMADES.
957
DEMADES.
the person from whom Delphi received its name. / port those who had revolted against Alexander,
He is further said to have had a son, Pythis, who Demades persuaded them to give up that plan by
ruled over the country about mount Parnassus, appealing to their love of pleasure. (Plut. Praecept.
and from whom the oracle received the name of lici Publ. Ger. 25. ) By thus supporting the Ma-
Pytho. (Paus. x. 6. SS 2 and 3. ) (L. S.
] cedonian cause, and yet receiving large bribes from
DEMA'DES* (anuáöns), an Athenian states- the opposite party when opportunities offered, he
man and orator, a contemporary of Philip, Alexan- acquired considerable property, which however
der the Great, and Antipiter. He is said to have was squandered by his extravagant and dissolute
been a person of very low origin, and to have at mode of living. His conduct was so bad, and
one time even served as a rower. (Quintil. ii. 17. he so recklessly violated the laws of his country,
$ 12; Sext. Empir. adv. Math. ii. 16; Suidas, s. r. that he was frequently punished with heavy fines,
Anuádns. ) But by his extraordinary talents, his and once even with atimia. But in B. C. 3:22,
demagogic artifices, and treachery, he rose to a when Antipater marched with his army against
very prominent position at Athens; he used his Athens, the people, who were alarmed in the
influence, however, in such a manner, that Plutarch highest degree, and had no one to mediate between
(Phuc. 1) justly terms him the vavá rov, that is, them and Antipater, recalled their sentence of
the shipwreck or ruin of his country. He belonged atimia, and sent Demades, with Phocion and some
to the Macedonian party, and entertained a deadly others, as ambassadors to Antipater, who however
hatred of Demosthenes, against whom he came refused, perhaps on the instigation of Demades, 10
forward as early as the time of the war against grant peace on any other terms than complete sub-
Olynthus, B. c. 349 (Swidas, 1. c. ), and to whom he mission. (Diod. xviii. 18; Paus. vii. 10. § 1. ) In
continued hostile to the last ; for when, on the ar B. c. 318, when Antipater was ill in Macedonia,
proach of Antipater and Craterus, Demosthenes the Athenians, unable to hear the pressure of the
and his friends quitted the city, Demades induced Macedonian garrison in Munychia, sent Demades
the people to pronounce sentence of death upon as ambassador to him with a petition to remove
them. (Plut. Demosth. 28; Phot. Bill. p. 69, ed. the garrison. Antipater was at first inclined to
Bekker. ) In the battle of Chaeroneia he fell into listen to the request; but while Demades was
the hands of the Macedonians; and when Philip, staying with him, Antipater discovered among the
during the revelries with which he celebrated his papers left by Perdiccas some letters addressed to
victory, reviewed the prisoners, Demades frankly him by Demades, in which he urged Perdiccas to
but politely blamed him for his conduct
, and Philip come to Europe and attack Antipater. The latter
was 80 well pleased with the flattery implied in at first kept his discovery secret; but when De-
the censure, that he not only restored Demades to mades pressed him for an answer respecting the
his liberty, but set free all the Athenian prisoners removal of the garrison from Munychia, Antipater,
without ransom, and concluded a treaty of friendship without giving any answer, gave up Demades and
with Athens. (Diod. xvi. 87; Gell. xi. 10 ; Sext. his son, Demeas, who had accompanied his father
Empir. adr. Math. i. 13. ) The manner in which he on this embassy, to the executioners, who forth-
was treated by the king on that occasion, and the rich with put them to death. (Diod. xviii. 48 ; Arrian,
presents he received from him—it is said that he ap. Phot. Bill. p. 70; Athen. xiii. p. 591. ) Plu-
once received the large sum of ten talents—made tarch (Phoc. 30) attributes the execution of De-
him an active champion in the cause of Macedonia, mades to Cassander.
to whose interests he literally sold himself. Demades was a man without character or prin-
pursued the same course towards Alexander, the ciple, and was accessible to bribes from whatever
son and successor of Philip; and his fiattery to- quarter they came, ever ready to betray his coun-
wards the young king went so far, that the Athe-try and his own party. Even the good he did
nians, unable to bear it, inflicted a heavy fine upon sprang from the basest motives. The ancients
him. (delian, V. H. v. 12; Athen. vi. p. 251. ) have preserved many features which illustrate his
But when Harpalus came to Athens, Demades did profligate and dissolute mode of life. (Plut. Phoc.
not scruple to accept his bribes also. (Deinarch. c. 1, 20, 30, Prarc. Rei Publ. Ger. 25 ; Athen. ij. p.
Demosth. $ 89, c. Aristog. $ 15. ) When Alexander 44; Aelian, V. H. xiii. 12. ) He owed his in-
subsequently demanded the surrender of the Athe-fluence in the public affairs of Athens to his
nian orators who had instigated the people against natural skill and his brilliant oratorical powers,
him, Demades was bribed by the friends of Demos which were the pure gift of nature, and which he
thenes with five talents to use his influence to nerer cultivated according to the rules of art. He
save him and the other patriots. He accordingly always spoke extempore, and with such irresistible
framed a cunning decree, in which the people ex- force and abundance of wit, that he was a perfect
cused the orators, but promised to surrender them, match for Demosthenes himself, and Quintilian
if they should be found guilty. The decree was does not hesitate to place him by the side of
passed, and Demades with a few others was sent Pericles. (Cic. Orat. 26, Brut. 9 ; Plut. Demosth.
as ambassador to Alexander, and prevailed upon 8, 10, 11, Apophth. p. 181 ; Quintil. ii. 17. § 12,
the king to pardon the Athenians and their ora- xii. 10. § 49. ) Both Cicero and Quintilian ex-
tors. (Diod. xvii. 15; Plut. Demosth. 23. ) In pressly state, that Demades left no written orations
B. C. 331 Demades had the administration of a part behind him. But from a passage in Tzetzes (Chil.
of the public money at Athens, which Böckh vi. 36), it is clear that the rhetorician, from whom
(Publ. Écon. of Athen. p. 169, &c. , 2nd edit. ) has he copied, possessed orations which were attributed
shewn to have been the theoricon; and when the to Demades. There is extant a large fragment of
people demanded of him a sum of money to sup- an oration bearing the name of Demades (nepl own
Dekaerías), which must have been delivered in B. C.
* The name is a contraction of Anueádns. (Ety- 320, and in which he defends his conduct during
mol. M. p. 210 13, 205. 12, ed. Sylburg; Pris- the period of Alexander's reign. It was found by
cian, ii. 7. )
I. Bekker in no less than six MSS. , and is printed
He


## p. 958 (#978) ############################################

958
DEMARATUS.
DEMARATU'S.
in the collections of the Attic orators, but its by robbing him of his affianced bride, l'ercaillis,
genuineness is still doubtful. Suidas attributes to daughter of Cheilon. (llerodoi. vi. 61, 65. )
Demades also a history of Delos and of the birth The birth of Demaratus had been as follows :-
of Leto's children, but this work can scarcely have King Ariston had twice married without issue.
been the production of our Demades, and we know While his second wife was still alive, cither in
of no other person of this name to whom it can anxiety for an heir or out of mere passion, he
be ascribed. " (Ruhnken, Hist. Crit. Orat. Gr. p. sought and by a curious artifice obtained as his
71, &c. ; J. G. Hauptmann, Disputatio qua De- third the wife of his friend Agetus, a woman of
mad. et illi tributum. fragm. orat. consideratur, remarkable beauty. Ile enticed the husband into
Gera, 1768, 4to. , reprinted in Reiske’s Oratores, an agreement, that each should give the other
iv. p. 243, &c. ; H. Lhardy, Dissertatio de Demade whatever he asked; and when Agetus had chosen
Oratore Atheniensi, Berlin, 1834, 8vo. ; Wester- his gift, Ariston demanded in return that he should
mann, Gesch. d. griech. Beredtsamk. $ 54, notes 11 give him his wife. A son was born. Ariston
-16. )
(L. S. ] was sitting in judgment with the cpliors when the
DEMAE'NETUS (Anualvetos), a surname of tidings were brought, and counting the monthis on
Asclepius, derived from the name of a temple of his fingers, said in their presence, “ It cannot be
his on the Alpheius. (Paus. vi. 21. & 4. ) [L. S. ) mine. " His doubts, however, appeared no further :
DEMA'GORAS (Anuayópas ), of Samos, is he owned the child, and gave ii, in allusion to the
mentioned by Dionysius of Halicarnassus (A. R. public prayer that had been made by the Spartans
i. 7. 2), together with Agathyllus, as a writer who for an heir to his house, the name of Demaratus.
agreed with Cephalon respecting the date of the (Ibid. vi. 61-64. )
foundation of Rome. But whether Demagoras The father's expression was now brought up
was a poet like Agathyllus or not is uncertain.