Published
at Leipsig, A.
O'Hanlon - Lives of the Irish Saints - v1
540 to 549.
k
cxlviii
INTRonUCTION.
terest for the scholar, since in addition to its books, it contains numbers of
the most rare and vahiable manuscripts'^3 for the illustration especially of
ecclesiastical history. Father John Mabillon has written a description of
this place, and it is accompanied by two fine copperplate engravings of this magnificent monastery; while Father Montfaucon gives some curious ex-
tracts and illustrations, regarding its manuscripts, about the beginning of the
last century. 2^4 Munich. —This chief city of Bavaria contains one of the
finestcollectionsofvaluablebooksontheContinentofEurope. ^'s Munich's
Royal Library comprises a number of rare manuscripts,^'^ in almost every department of literature. ^'7 This latter collection includes some Irish
glosses, on a book of St. Paul's Epistles. ^'^ Various other manuscripts here
are singularly interesting for the student of our ecclesiastical history. ^'9
MuNSTER. —In this Prussian city—which has a Catholic University""—
Miinster city is stated to have been founded byCharlemagne. ^^3 Naples. — The three chief Public Libraries and the archive depositaries of Naples,^'^ besides their vast stores of books, contain several thousand manuscripts. =^^s Oftheselatter,numbersareinestimablyvaluableforanecclesiologist. "^ The Museo Borbonico has a library with 150,000 volumes—4,000 of which be- longt—otheearliestageofprinting—with3,000manuscripts. ^^7 Nurem- berg. In this city of Bavaria, there is a fine public library,"^ which con-
there are some for the Irish "^ interesting manuscripts^^^ hagiographer's study.
" Handbook for Travel- lers in Southern Italy," Route 141, pp.
"
Annales Ordinis S. Benedicti," tomus ii. , lib. xx. , sec. xxxii. , pp. 5610 57, and Montfaucon's "Diarium
Italicum," cap. xxii. , pp. 322 to 333.
=•5 The Rev. T. F. Dibdin gives an ad-
mirable description of the public library here, with some fine illustrations of its trea-
sures, in his "Bibliographical, Antiquaian and Picturesque Tour in France and Ger-
many," vol. iii. , letter xlii. , pp. 257 to 298.
''' See " A," Cooper's Appendix pp.
166 to 179, and "Supplement to Appendix A," pp. 32 to 62,
=»°See "Gazetteer of the World," vol.
ix. , p. 421.
**' See " Archiv der Gesellschaft fur al-
tere deutsche Geschichtkunde. "
^" See Meusel, "Teutsches Kiinstler-
Lexicon," band iii. , p. 461.
""^See M. Malte-Brun's "Universal
Geography, or a Description of all parts of the World, on a new plan,'' &c. , vol. vii. , book cxx. , p. 224.
"* See a notice of these in P. treatises,
"
Voyage Historique, Choro- graphique et Philosophique dans les Prin- cipales Villes de ritalie, in 1811 et 1812,"
tome iii. , chap, iv. , pp. 57, 58.
"s Some notices of these treatises, classical
and ecclesiastical, will be found in Mont-
=13 See
Murray's
30. 31-
"•< See Mabillon's
^^^ Hardt's **
Graecorum Bibliothecae Regis Bavariae" was
published at Munich, A. D. 1806, in five quarto volumes.
"7 A catalogue of the manuscripts be- longing to the Public Library of Munich
was prepared by Joannes Georgius Her-
Catalogus Manuscriptorum
wartus. This was published at Ingolstadt, "
faucon's
"
Diarium Italicum," cap. xxi. ,
A. D. 1600-4. See Struvius, Notitia Rei
pp. 301 to 320.
*=* "
Litterarioe," cap. 4, sec. 5. Also, Ber- "
See Murray's
Sammlungkurtzer Reisebeschrei-
nouilli,
bungen," or, a collection of short de- to 153.
scriptive travels, band or volume ii. , p. 86. *^ See Lady Morgan's
"
Italy," vol. ii. ,
Likewise, Cramer,
"
Haus-Chronik," p. 191. chap. xxiiL, pp. 350, 351.
"^" "
It also contains, Vita S. Bonefacii. " *^8See G. C. Ranner's Kurzgefasste
Petit-Radel's
Handbook for Travel- lers in Southern Italy," Route 144, pp. 150
INTRonUCTION. cxlix
tains many bibliographical curiosities. ^^9 These have been catalogued,^3° and frequently described, both by Germans^^i and by foreigners. ^3^ Among
the manuscripts here, several have a special interest for Irish hagiographers. '^33 OcHSENHAUSEN. —In this town of Wurtemberg, we are informed, some manuscripts of interest for the Irish hagiologist^34 were to be found. ^35 Th—e rich abbey here was given to Prince Metternich in 1803. ^36 Palermo. The city of Palermo in Sicily has a fine library, at the Liceo, containing 40,000volumes,withmanycuriousoldmanuscripts,whileits Libreriadel Comune contains 70,000 printed volumes, and 2,000 valuable manuscripts, chiefly on Sicilian matters. ='37 An interesting history and description of this ancient city are given by F. Th. FazeUi, of the Dominican Order. ^38 The writers and bocJks, connected with Sicily, are exceedingly numerous, and will repay the bibliographer's and the biographer's study. ^39 Paris. —At Paris, Francis I. laid the foundation of its chief public library, now containing most inestimable treasures of books and manuscripts, in almost every language. ^'° The Jesuits, Benedictines and other reHgious orders had for- merly enriched most of the chief cities and towns, throughout France, with manynoblelibraries,'^''i andwithmostcuriouscollectionsofpricelessmanu-
Beschreibung der Nurnbergischen Stadt-
Bibliotek mit einigen Beylagen und dem
Abdnick einer Handschrift," &c. , or Briefly
collected descriptions of the Town Library
at Nuremberg, with some supplements and
the of a This work was copy manuscript.
published at Nuremberg, A. D. 1821, in 8vo.
tomus ii. , pars, i. , p. 117,
^36 See " Gazetteer of the World," vol.
'38 In the work, ' ' De Rebus Siculis, Prioris
Decadis," lib. viii. De Panormo Vrbe,
cap. i. , pp. 148 to 174. See "Rerum Si-
cularum Scriptores ex Recentioribus prae-
cipui, in unum Corpus nunc primum con-
gesti, diligentique recognitione plurimis in locis emendati. "
This was published at Nuremberg in a l2mo
volume, A. D. 1843. Also, Von Murr's Mongitore, Bibliotheca Sicula, sive, De
"
Beschreibung
wUrdigkeiten in Niirnberg und auf der hohen Schule zu Altdorf. "
"
*3' See Hirsching,
liotheken Teutschlands," or Remarkable serunt, Codices excussi, vel manuscripti Libraries of Germany, vol. iii. , pp. 23 to 41. adnotantur ; verum etiim eorumdem Patria,
"
*3» See Rev. T. F. Dibdin's Bibliogra- . ^tas, Professio, Munia, Dignitates, Me-
phical, Antiquarian and Picturesque Tour , moranda, Obitus & Epitaphia recensentur. " in France and Germany," vol. iii. , Supple- In two folio vslumes. Panormi, A. D. 1708.
" Handbook for Travel- lers in Southern Germany," Route 167, p.
95-
*3° See Saubertus,
*^9 See
Murray's
"
Noribergensis duabus oratiunculis illustrata.
ment, pp. XV. to xliv.
'*>
See Thomas Astle's
"
Origin and
Historia Bibliothecse "
der vornehmsten Merk-
turn turn vetera,
SehenswUrdige Bib-
Auctorum, qui ad haec usque tempora scrip-
*33 See Cooper's "Appendix A," pp. Progress of Writing," Introduction, p. "
181 to 184. Also Supplement to Ap- xviii.
pendix A," pp. 62, 63.
'34 Among these is one designated
"
Trac-
'*' Many of these were dispersed before and about the period of the great French Revolution. Mon. Galvais wrote a valu- able treatise on the libraries of France, in theearlierpartofthelastcentury; andthe learned Father Montfaucon treats about
tatus de veneno Vitiorum, a fratre Malachia
de provincia Ybernise. " See Cooper's
"
AppendixA,"p. 184.
*3S See Canisius, "Lectiones Antiquae,"
X. , p. 661.
'37 See Murray's
"
Handbook for Travel- lers in Sicily," pp. 67, 68, 70.
'39 See the valuable work of Antonio
*'
Siculis,
recentiorasaecula illustarunt, notitia? locuple-
tissimffi ; in quibus non solum Siculorum
Scriptoribus
qui
cl INTRODUCTION.
scripts. The former Royal or Imperial—now known as the National— Library of Paris contains a vast number of most rare and interesting manu- scripts for the Irish ecclesiastical historian's purpose. '<* The Library of the Arsenal and the Library of St. Genevieve, as also the Mazarine or Institute Library, abound in similar treasures. '*3 These four libraries alone are com- puted to contain over 60,000 manuscripts. "** Other great French cities, we have been informed from many sources, contain numberless acts of Irish Saints—especially as connected with France. Prague. —There is a fine collection of books and manuscripts'^^ in this city,'*^ the seat of a cele- brated ancient university,'*7 and the capital of Bohemia. '*^ Rebdorf. —At this place, there are some antique literary treasures. **' Here are matters of interest for the Irish hagiographer. 'so Ratisbon or Regensbourg. —The books and manuscripts kept in the various libraries here's' are of special value's* ThelearnedMabillonhasallusiontothem,'53andtheyhavebeen frequentlynoticedbybibliographers's*andbytravellers. 'ss TheIrishhistorio-
will even find materials's^ for the furtherance of his grapher —
objects. 'sr Rennes. This town, once the capital of Upper Brittany. 'ss has a public library, containing 30,000 volumes, and many rare manuscripts. '59 This city was anciently called Condate, by the old Celtic inhabitants, while the
them in his " Bibliotheca Bibliothecarum," tomus ii.
»*' See Dibdin's "Bibliographical, Anti- quarian, and Picturesque Tour through France and Germany," vol. ii. , letter xxiv. to letter xxviii. , pp. 122 to 318.
'S' The reader will find an interesting de-
lex I. ibrorum tam ImpressorumquamManu- '*3 See ibid. , letters xxviii. , xxix. , pp. scriptorum," quos collegit E. G. Rinck,
318 to 380.
'*< See Petit-Radel's "Recherches sur les
pars, vi. , pp. loii to 1048.
Published at Leipsig, A. D. 1747, in 8vo.
"53 See " Iter Gtrmanicum," prefixed to
"
Bibliotheques anciennes et modemes " In
an 8vo volume, published at Taris, a. d, the
1819.
"
Sehenswurdige Biblio- theken Teutschlands," band iii. , pp. 192, 199 and 201 to 211. Savigny, "Geschichte
des Romischen Rechtes im Mittelalter," History of the Roman rights or laws in the Middle Ages, band iv. , p. 359.
Vetera Analecta," pp. 9 to ir.
'5* See Pezius, "Dissertatio Isagogica,"
xxxviii.
'55 See Krauss* "Bibliotheca Principalis
and
"
196, Supplement to Appendix A," p. 63.
'« See " Cooper's
188 to 190, and " Supplement to Appendix A,"
p. 63.
'** Hirsching,
Ecclesiae et Monasterii Ordinis S. Bene-
dicti, ad S. Emmeramum Epis. et Martyr. " Published at Ratisbon, in four parts, A. D. 1748, i2mo.
'5* See Cooper's "Appendix A," pp. 197 to 200, and " Supplement to Appendix A," pp. 63 to 65.
'57 See Dr. O'Conor's "Bibliotheca MSS.
Stowensis," vol. i. , pp. 50, 51, vol. ii. , p. 26.
'58 See Mrs. Charles Stothard's "Letters written during a Tour through Normandy,
of in France,
»*' " See Canisius,
and other
Appendix
A,"
pp.
p.
" Handbook for Travel- lers in Southern Germany," Route 265, pp.
453. 454-
»*« See Ennis' "Complete System of Mo-
dem Geography," p. 940.
^^ See
Murray's
Lectiones Antiquse," tomus ii. , pars, i. , p. 99.
parts 1818," Letter xviii. , p. 184.
'50 See " A,"
'59 See *' Handbook for Travel- Murray's
lers in France," Route 34, p. 120,
Cooper's Appendix p.
scription
of this city in " Hand- Murray's
book for Travellers in Southern Germany,"
Route 168, pp. 106 to 112.
»i
»S3 ggg Bibliotheca Rinckiana seu Supel-
Brittany,
'*°See M. Malte-Brun's "Universal Geo- graphy," &c. , vol. viii,, book cxliii. , p. 304.
dinal Mezzofanti," &c. By Very Rev.
Charles W. Russell, D. D. , chap, xii. , p.
338.
'** See " Handbook for Rome Murray's
and its Environs," sect. i. The public and private libraries at Rome are noticed. The Vatican, at pp. 217 to 219; Angelica, p. 128 ; Barberini, p. 244; CoUegio Romano, p. 271 ; Sapienza, p. 271 ; Minerva, p. 152; Corsini, p. 254 ; Chigi, 250 ; S. Filippo
»*'See
Travels. Catalog! Manuscriptorum,"
Also Haenel's
Zapf, '*
or
" Reisen,"
INTRODUCTION. cli
Romans afterwards distinguished it as Rhedones. '^ Rheinau or Riche- NAU. —Here were preserved very curious manuscripts. ^^' Richenau is an island, about three miles long and one broad, and it contains a fine Befie- dictine abbey. '*^ Several—coaices of interest for the Irish hagiographer will be found here. '^3 Rome. The Library of the Vatican at Rome, in 1846,'** contained the collected books and manuscripts, which four hundred years of care and expense have enabled the Popes to accumulate from every part of the civilized world, with the addition of many libraries of convents and royal palaces, voluntarily added to its stores. =^s The Greek, Latin and Oriental manuscripts alone number' 24,000. These are admitted to be among the richest and rarest in the world. '^^ In the great Vatican Library. "^^ we are informed, that there is a vellum MS. , of 170 folios, in 4to size, con-
the chronicle of Marianus " the most elaborate historical Scotus,'^^
taining
production of the Middle Ages," and bearing the autograph of its illustrious chronographer. '^9 The chronicle is divided into three books :'7° the first book embraces that period from Adam to Christ fT^ the second is a life of
PP- 734-740.
'''See Coxe's "Travels in Switzerland, and in the Country of the Orisons," vol. i. , Letteriii. , pp. 14, 15.
"'sSee Cooper's 201.
'*
Appendix A," pp. 200,
Neri, p. 156 ; Inquisition, p. 260 ; S. Ca- '^^See J. S. Buckingham's "France, listo, p. 155 ; Casinatense, p. 152 ; S. Croce Piedmont, Italy, Lombardy, and the in Gerusaleme, p. 140. Several other li- Tyrol," vol. ii. , chap, vii. , p. 133. The braries in Rome, however, are there un-
new Vatican Library, and the printing press in the same palace, are among those foun- dations due to Sixtus V. See Charles Isi- dore Hemans' " Historic and Monumental Rome," chap, iii. , p. 115.
noticed.
'*' Pope Nicholas V. may be considered
as its great ibunder, and succeeding Pontiffs, by their munificence, industry and influence, have greatly enriched that inestimable re-
3*5 "The Librarian of the
Vatican,
or as
See Astle's " and Pro- Origin
he is more properly called the " Librarian
of the Roman Church" {Bibliotecario dilla
ChUsa Romana), is always a cardinal, com-
monly the cardinal of state. His duties as
such, however, are, in a great measure,
; manage- ment practically rest with the Ptimo Custode, or Chief Keeper of the Library, who is as- sisted by a second keeper, and seven scrit- toriy or secretaries, among whom are dis- tributed the seven departments - Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, Greek, Latin, Italian, and modern foreign languages—into which the books are classified. "—"The Life of Car-
pository.
gress of Writing," Introduction, p. xvii.
nominal and the details of the
="* See his lile, at the 30lh of Jan. arv.
"
Iste liber pertinet ad Librarium, L. Martini, Mogun-
tiae, 1497. "
"70 At fol. line is "
27, 26, found, Incipit
"
Mariani Scoti Cronaca clara.
''The first and third books were pub-
lished by Heroldus, at Basle, in 1559 ; they were reprinted at Frankfort in 1583 ; and by Struvius in 1720. Voss undertook to publish this work in its integrity, but did
not live to carry out his design. Finally, it was edited by Waitz, in the fifth volume of
'*9 On the first folio is written,
clii INTRODUCTION.
Our Lord, being a Catena of the Gospels fT^ while the third extends from the Ascension to the year 1083. Not forming part of the Chronicle, is
given a list of Irish kings,=73 introduced by a sentence, partly Irish and partly Latin. Severalnoblefamiliesandmostofthereligioushouses,atRome,had formed extensive collections both of books and manuscripts. ^74 in the Barbarini list of manuscripts, relating to Ireland, about thirteen of them refer directly to Irish saints. Among the Palatine manuscripts are two, con- taining the purest text of a collection of Irish canons. ^^s Few other docu- ments of purely national interest seem to be preserved in this large collec- tion of manuscripts. =76 Within the -former Papal States, there were no less than seven universities, namely, those of Ferrara, Bologna, Urbino, Mace- rata,Camerino,PerugiaandRome. Eachoftheseuniversitieswassupplied with an ample library, in some of which were to be found works of great antiquity and of rare value. '^z Rouen. —The public library at Rouen, in Normandy, has several curious manuscripts of an ecclesiastical character. '^s It is mainly composed of books,'79 belonging to the Academy, and spoiled from different monasteries, convents and chateaux, after the great French Revolution. ^^ Thereappeartobekeptheresomemanuscriptsofinterest
the " Monumenta Germaniae Historica. "
Giesebrecht examined the MS. when search-
"
ing for materials for the Life of Gregory
the Seventh. " Owing to their ignorance of the Irish language, however, both he and Waitz committed some blunders.
'7^ It seems somewhat strange that, nei- ther in the old editions nor in that celebrated Collection of Pertz, is there any mention of the second book.
parte eius ; i. , de Leth Chiunn, vegerunt, Chunn Cetchatach co Fland Alac Mailsech- naill. It may thus be translated into Eng-
lish : "These are the Kings of Ireland,
who reigned in one half of it, namely, the portion of Conn (the northern half of Ire-
Graves, the Protestant Bishop of Limerick, who says, these ecclesiastical canons contain among them several laws, that are of a purely civil character, with many allusions to the existing state of society. Among ancient Brehon laws, still exant in the Irish lan- guage, the very same institutions are to be foimd, forming part of a system, which is altogether similar and coherent Thus, the independent testimony of the Canons, whose age is now fully ascertained, demonstrates the genuineness and antiquity of our Brehon laws.
='70 See a letter of Rev. B. MacCarthy,
dated St. Colman's College, Fermoy, July 9th, 1872, headed "Celtic MSS. in the
"
Vatican. It was published in Tlie Tablet
of Saturday, July 20th, 1872.
*73 At folio 15, b, occurs this notice %yycAflathi Hibemiae qui ex dimedia {sic)
:
" Hi
from Conn of the Hundred Battles "77 See Francis "Rome: land), John Maguire's
(a. d. 151), to Flann, son of Maelsechnaill (A. D. 914).
*7* One of the most interesting works, on the subject of the Roman Libraries, is the Very Rev. Jeremiah Donovan's '* Rome : Ancient and Modem, and its Environs. " See vol. i. , chap, ii. , pp. 335, 336 ; vol. ii. , chap, i. , pp. 488 to 503 ; vol. iii. , chap, xi. , PP- 943 to 999. See also an account of the ruins of the ancient Palatine Library in vol. iv. , chap, xvii. , pp. 261 to 266.
'«Allusion is made to them by Dr.
its Ruler and its Institutions," chap, xxv. , pp. 288, 289.
'7* A library belongs to the cathedral here, and a beautiful view of this library stair- case is given in Mrs. Charles Stothard's "Letters written during a Tour through Normandy, Brittany, and other parts of France, in 1818," Letter iii. , p. 26.
'79 The Catalogue contained over 33,OO0 titles of books, in 1835.
=^See Le Vicomte Walsh's "Explora- tions en Normandie," pp. 511 to 514.
Schweitz," or History of Switzerland, band i. , p.
k
cxlviii
INTRonUCTION.
terest for the scholar, since in addition to its books, it contains numbers of
the most rare and vahiable manuscripts'^3 for the illustration especially of
ecclesiastical history. Father John Mabillon has written a description of
this place, and it is accompanied by two fine copperplate engravings of this magnificent monastery; while Father Montfaucon gives some curious ex-
tracts and illustrations, regarding its manuscripts, about the beginning of the
last century. 2^4 Munich. —This chief city of Bavaria contains one of the
finestcollectionsofvaluablebooksontheContinentofEurope. ^'s Munich's
Royal Library comprises a number of rare manuscripts,^'^ in almost every department of literature. ^'7 This latter collection includes some Irish
glosses, on a book of St. Paul's Epistles. ^'^ Various other manuscripts here
are singularly interesting for the student of our ecclesiastical history. ^'9
MuNSTER. —In this Prussian city—which has a Catholic University""—
Miinster city is stated to have been founded byCharlemagne. ^^3 Naples. — The three chief Public Libraries and the archive depositaries of Naples,^'^ besides their vast stores of books, contain several thousand manuscripts. =^^s Oftheselatter,numbersareinestimablyvaluableforanecclesiologist. "^ The Museo Borbonico has a library with 150,000 volumes—4,000 of which be- longt—otheearliestageofprinting—with3,000manuscripts. ^^7 Nurem- berg. In this city of Bavaria, there is a fine public library,"^ which con-
there are some for the Irish "^ interesting manuscripts^^^ hagiographer's study.
" Handbook for Travel- lers in Southern Italy," Route 141, pp.
"
Annales Ordinis S. Benedicti," tomus ii. , lib. xx. , sec. xxxii. , pp. 5610 57, and Montfaucon's "Diarium
Italicum," cap. xxii. , pp. 322 to 333.
=•5 The Rev. T. F. Dibdin gives an ad-
mirable description of the public library here, with some fine illustrations of its trea-
sures, in his "Bibliographical, Antiquaian and Picturesque Tour in France and Ger-
many," vol. iii. , letter xlii. , pp. 257 to 298.
''' See " A," Cooper's Appendix pp.
166 to 179, and "Supplement to Appendix A," pp. 32 to 62,
=»°See "Gazetteer of the World," vol.
ix. , p. 421.
**' See " Archiv der Gesellschaft fur al-
tere deutsche Geschichtkunde. "
^" See Meusel, "Teutsches Kiinstler-
Lexicon," band iii. , p. 461.
""^See M. Malte-Brun's "Universal
Geography, or a Description of all parts of the World, on a new plan,'' &c. , vol. vii. , book cxx. , p. 224.
"* See a notice of these in P. treatises,
"
Voyage Historique, Choro- graphique et Philosophique dans les Prin- cipales Villes de ritalie, in 1811 et 1812,"
tome iii. , chap, iv. , pp. 57, 58.
"s Some notices of these treatises, classical
and ecclesiastical, will be found in Mont-
=13 See
Murray's
30. 31-
"•< See Mabillon's
^^^ Hardt's **
Graecorum Bibliothecae Regis Bavariae" was
published at Munich, A. D. 1806, in five quarto volumes.
"7 A catalogue of the manuscripts be- longing to the Public Library of Munich
was prepared by Joannes Georgius Her-
Catalogus Manuscriptorum
wartus. This was published at Ingolstadt, "
faucon's
"
Diarium Italicum," cap. xxi. ,
A. D. 1600-4. See Struvius, Notitia Rei
pp. 301 to 320.
*=* "
Litterarioe," cap. 4, sec. 5. Also, Ber- "
See Murray's
Sammlungkurtzer Reisebeschrei-
nouilli,
bungen," or, a collection of short de- to 153.
scriptive travels, band or volume ii. , p. 86. *^ See Lady Morgan's
"
Italy," vol. ii. ,
Likewise, Cramer,
"
Haus-Chronik," p. 191. chap. xxiiL, pp. 350, 351.
"^" "
It also contains, Vita S. Bonefacii. " *^8See G. C. Ranner's Kurzgefasste
Petit-Radel's
Handbook for Travel- lers in Southern Italy," Route 144, pp. 150
INTRonUCTION. cxlix
tains many bibliographical curiosities. ^^9 These have been catalogued,^3° and frequently described, both by Germans^^i and by foreigners. ^3^ Among
the manuscripts here, several have a special interest for Irish hagiographers. '^33 OcHSENHAUSEN. —In this town of Wurtemberg, we are informed, some manuscripts of interest for the Irish hagiologist^34 were to be found. ^35 Th—e rich abbey here was given to Prince Metternich in 1803. ^36 Palermo. The city of Palermo in Sicily has a fine library, at the Liceo, containing 40,000volumes,withmanycuriousoldmanuscripts,whileits Libreriadel Comune contains 70,000 printed volumes, and 2,000 valuable manuscripts, chiefly on Sicilian matters. ='37 An interesting history and description of this ancient city are given by F. Th. FazeUi, of the Dominican Order. ^38 The writers and bocJks, connected with Sicily, are exceedingly numerous, and will repay the bibliographer's and the biographer's study. ^39 Paris. —At Paris, Francis I. laid the foundation of its chief public library, now containing most inestimable treasures of books and manuscripts, in almost every language. ^'° The Jesuits, Benedictines and other reHgious orders had for- merly enriched most of the chief cities and towns, throughout France, with manynoblelibraries,'^''i andwithmostcuriouscollectionsofpricelessmanu-
Beschreibung der Nurnbergischen Stadt-
Bibliotek mit einigen Beylagen und dem
Abdnick einer Handschrift," &c. , or Briefly
collected descriptions of the Town Library
at Nuremberg, with some supplements and
the of a This work was copy manuscript.
published at Nuremberg, A. D. 1821, in 8vo.
tomus ii. , pars, i. , p. 117,
^36 See " Gazetteer of the World," vol.
'38 In the work, ' ' De Rebus Siculis, Prioris
Decadis," lib. viii. De Panormo Vrbe,
cap. i. , pp. 148 to 174. See "Rerum Si-
cularum Scriptores ex Recentioribus prae-
cipui, in unum Corpus nunc primum con-
gesti, diligentique recognitione plurimis in locis emendati. "
This was published at Nuremberg in a l2mo
volume, A. D. 1843. Also, Von Murr's Mongitore, Bibliotheca Sicula, sive, De
"
Beschreibung
wUrdigkeiten in Niirnberg und auf der hohen Schule zu Altdorf. "
"
*3' See Hirsching,
liotheken Teutschlands," or Remarkable serunt, Codices excussi, vel manuscripti Libraries of Germany, vol. iii. , pp. 23 to 41. adnotantur ; verum etiim eorumdem Patria,
"
*3» See Rev. T. F. Dibdin's Bibliogra- . ^tas, Professio, Munia, Dignitates, Me-
phical, Antiquarian and Picturesque Tour , moranda, Obitus & Epitaphia recensentur. " in France and Germany," vol. iii. , Supple- In two folio vslumes. Panormi, A. D. 1708.
" Handbook for Travel- lers in Southern Germany," Route 167, p.
95-
*3° See Saubertus,
*^9 See
Murray's
"
Noribergensis duabus oratiunculis illustrata.
ment, pp. XV. to xliv.
'*>
See Thomas Astle's
"
Origin and
Historia Bibliothecse "
der vornehmsten Merk-
turn turn vetera,
SehenswUrdige Bib-
Auctorum, qui ad haec usque tempora scrip-
*33 See Cooper's "Appendix A," pp. Progress of Writing," Introduction, p. "
181 to 184. Also Supplement to Ap- xviii.
pendix A," pp. 62, 63.
'34 Among these is one designated
"
Trac-
'*' Many of these were dispersed before and about the period of the great French Revolution. Mon. Galvais wrote a valu- able treatise on the libraries of France, in theearlierpartofthelastcentury; andthe learned Father Montfaucon treats about
tatus de veneno Vitiorum, a fratre Malachia
de provincia Ybernise. " See Cooper's
"
AppendixA,"p. 184.
*3S See Canisius, "Lectiones Antiquae,"
X. , p. 661.
'37 See Murray's
"
Handbook for Travel- lers in Sicily," pp. 67, 68, 70.
'39 See the valuable work of Antonio
*'
Siculis,
recentiorasaecula illustarunt, notitia? locuple-
tissimffi ; in quibus non solum Siculorum
Scriptoribus
qui
cl INTRODUCTION.
scripts. The former Royal or Imperial—now known as the National— Library of Paris contains a vast number of most rare and interesting manu- scripts for the Irish ecclesiastical historian's purpose. '<* The Library of the Arsenal and the Library of St. Genevieve, as also the Mazarine or Institute Library, abound in similar treasures. '*3 These four libraries alone are com- puted to contain over 60,000 manuscripts. "** Other great French cities, we have been informed from many sources, contain numberless acts of Irish Saints—especially as connected with France. Prague. —There is a fine collection of books and manuscripts'^^ in this city,'*^ the seat of a cele- brated ancient university,'*7 and the capital of Bohemia. '*^ Rebdorf. —At this place, there are some antique literary treasures. **' Here are matters of interest for the Irish hagiographer. 'so Ratisbon or Regensbourg. —The books and manuscripts kept in the various libraries here's' are of special value's* ThelearnedMabillonhasallusiontothem,'53andtheyhavebeen frequentlynoticedbybibliographers's*andbytravellers. 'ss TheIrishhistorio-
will even find materials's^ for the furtherance of his grapher —
objects. 'sr Rennes. This town, once the capital of Upper Brittany. 'ss has a public library, containing 30,000 volumes, and many rare manuscripts. '59 This city was anciently called Condate, by the old Celtic inhabitants, while the
them in his " Bibliotheca Bibliothecarum," tomus ii.
»*' See Dibdin's "Bibliographical, Anti- quarian, and Picturesque Tour through France and Germany," vol. ii. , letter xxiv. to letter xxviii. , pp. 122 to 318.
'S' The reader will find an interesting de-
lex I. ibrorum tam ImpressorumquamManu- '*3 See ibid. , letters xxviii. , xxix. , pp. scriptorum," quos collegit E. G. Rinck,
318 to 380.
'*< See Petit-Radel's "Recherches sur les
pars, vi. , pp. loii to 1048.
Published at Leipsig, A. D. 1747, in 8vo.
"53 See " Iter Gtrmanicum," prefixed to
"
Bibliotheques anciennes et modemes " In
an 8vo volume, published at Taris, a. d, the
1819.
"
Sehenswurdige Biblio- theken Teutschlands," band iii. , pp. 192, 199 and 201 to 211. Savigny, "Geschichte
des Romischen Rechtes im Mittelalter," History of the Roman rights or laws in the Middle Ages, band iv. , p. 359.
Vetera Analecta," pp. 9 to ir.
'5* See Pezius, "Dissertatio Isagogica,"
xxxviii.
'55 See Krauss* "Bibliotheca Principalis
and
"
196, Supplement to Appendix A," p. 63.
'« See " Cooper's
188 to 190, and " Supplement to Appendix A,"
p. 63.
'** Hirsching,
Ecclesiae et Monasterii Ordinis S. Bene-
dicti, ad S. Emmeramum Epis. et Martyr. " Published at Ratisbon, in four parts, A. D. 1748, i2mo.
'5* See Cooper's "Appendix A," pp. 197 to 200, and " Supplement to Appendix A," pp. 63 to 65.
'57 See Dr. O'Conor's "Bibliotheca MSS.
Stowensis," vol. i. , pp. 50, 51, vol. ii. , p. 26.
'58 See Mrs. Charles Stothard's "Letters written during a Tour through Normandy,
of in France,
»*' " See Canisius,
and other
Appendix
A,"
pp.
p.
" Handbook for Travel- lers in Southern Germany," Route 265, pp.
453. 454-
»*« See Ennis' "Complete System of Mo-
dem Geography," p. 940.
^^ See
Murray's
Lectiones Antiquse," tomus ii. , pars, i. , p. 99.
parts 1818," Letter xviii. , p. 184.
'50 See " A,"
'59 See *' Handbook for Travel- Murray's
lers in France," Route 34, p. 120,
Cooper's Appendix p.
scription
of this city in " Hand- Murray's
book for Travellers in Southern Germany,"
Route 168, pp. 106 to 112.
»i
»S3 ggg Bibliotheca Rinckiana seu Supel-
Brittany,
'*°See M. Malte-Brun's "Universal Geo- graphy," &c. , vol. viii,, book cxliii. , p. 304.
dinal Mezzofanti," &c. By Very Rev.
Charles W. Russell, D. D. , chap, xii. , p.
338.
'** See " Handbook for Rome Murray's
and its Environs," sect. i. The public and private libraries at Rome are noticed. The Vatican, at pp. 217 to 219; Angelica, p. 128 ; Barberini, p. 244; CoUegio Romano, p. 271 ; Sapienza, p. 271 ; Minerva, p. 152; Corsini, p. 254 ; Chigi, 250 ; S. Filippo
»*'See
Travels. Catalog! Manuscriptorum,"
Also Haenel's
Zapf, '*
or
" Reisen,"
INTRODUCTION. cli
Romans afterwards distinguished it as Rhedones. '^ Rheinau or Riche- NAU. —Here were preserved very curious manuscripts. ^^' Richenau is an island, about three miles long and one broad, and it contains a fine Befie- dictine abbey. '*^ Several—coaices of interest for the Irish hagiographer will be found here. '^3 Rome. The Library of the Vatican at Rome, in 1846,'** contained the collected books and manuscripts, which four hundred years of care and expense have enabled the Popes to accumulate from every part of the civilized world, with the addition of many libraries of convents and royal palaces, voluntarily added to its stores. =^s The Greek, Latin and Oriental manuscripts alone number' 24,000. These are admitted to be among the richest and rarest in the world. '^^ In the great Vatican Library. "^^ we are informed, that there is a vellum MS. , of 170 folios, in 4to size, con-
the chronicle of Marianus " the most elaborate historical Scotus,'^^
taining
production of the Middle Ages," and bearing the autograph of its illustrious chronographer. '^9 The chronicle is divided into three books :'7° the first book embraces that period from Adam to Christ fT^ the second is a life of
PP- 734-740.
'''See Coxe's "Travels in Switzerland, and in the Country of the Orisons," vol. i. , Letteriii. , pp. 14, 15.
"'sSee Cooper's 201.
'*
Appendix A," pp. 200,
Neri, p. 156 ; Inquisition, p. 260 ; S. Ca- '^^See J. S. Buckingham's "France, listo, p. 155 ; Casinatense, p. 152 ; S. Croce Piedmont, Italy, Lombardy, and the in Gerusaleme, p. 140. Several other li- Tyrol," vol. ii. , chap, vii. , p. 133. The braries in Rome, however, are there un-
new Vatican Library, and the printing press in the same palace, are among those foun- dations due to Sixtus V. See Charles Isi- dore Hemans' " Historic and Monumental Rome," chap, iii. , p. 115.
noticed.
'*' Pope Nicholas V. may be considered
as its great ibunder, and succeeding Pontiffs, by their munificence, industry and influence, have greatly enriched that inestimable re-
3*5 "The Librarian of the
Vatican,
or as
See Astle's " and Pro- Origin
he is more properly called the " Librarian
of the Roman Church" {Bibliotecario dilla
ChUsa Romana), is always a cardinal, com-
monly the cardinal of state. His duties as
such, however, are, in a great measure,
; manage- ment practically rest with the Ptimo Custode, or Chief Keeper of the Library, who is as- sisted by a second keeper, and seven scrit- toriy or secretaries, among whom are dis- tributed the seven departments - Hebrew, Syriac, Arabic, Greek, Latin, Italian, and modern foreign languages—into which the books are classified. "—"The Life of Car-
pository.
gress of Writing," Introduction, p. xvii.
nominal and the details of the
="* See his lile, at the 30lh of Jan. arv.
"
Iste liber pertinet ad Librarium, L. Martini, Mogun-
tiae, 1497. "
"70 At fol. line is "
27, 26, found, Incipit
"
Mariani Scoti Cronaca clara.
''The first and third books were pub-
lished by Heroldus, at Basle, in 1559 ; they were reprinted at Frankfort in 1583 ; and by Struvius in 1720. Voss undertook to publish this work in its integrity, but did
not live to carry out his design. Finally, it was edited by Waitz, in the fifth volume of
'*9 On the first folio is written,
clii INTRODUCTION.
Our Lord, being a Catena of the Gospels fT^ while the third extends from the Ascension to the year 1083. Not forming part of the Chronicle, is
given a list of Irish kings,=73 introduced by a sentence, partly Irish and partly Latin. Severalnoblefamiliesandmostofthereligioushouses,atRome,had formed extensive collections both of books and manuscripts. ^74 in the Barbarini list of manuscripts, relating to Ireland, about thirteen of them refer directly to Irish saints. Among the Palatine manuscripts are two, con- taining the purest text of a collection of Irish canons. ^^s Few other docu- ments of purely national interest seem to be preserved in this large collec- tion of manuscripts. =76 Within the -former Papal States, there were no less than seven universities, namely, those of Ferrara, Bologna, Urbino, Mace- rata,Camerino,PerugiaandRome. Eachoftheseuniversitieswassupplied with an ample library, in some of which were to be found works of great antiquity and of rare value. '^z Rouen. —The public library at Rouen, in Normandy, has several curious manuscripts of an ecclesiastical character. '^s It is mainly composed of books,'79 belonging to the Academy, and spoiled from different monasteries, convents and chateaux, after the great French Revolution. ^^ Thereappeartobekeptheresomemanuscriptsofinterest
the " Monumenta Germaniae Historica. "
Giesebrecht examined the MS. when search-
"
ing for materials for the Life of Gregory
the Seventh. " Owing to their ignorance of the Irish language, however, both he and Waitz committed some blunders.
'7^ It seems somewhat strange that, nei- ther in the old editions nor in that celebrated Collection of Pertz, is there any mention of the second book.
parte eius ; i. , de Leth Chiunn, vegerunt, Chunn Cetchatach co Fland Alac Mailsech- naill. It may thus be translated into Eng-
lish : "These are the Kings of Ireland,
who reigned in one half of it, namely, the portion of Conn (the northern half of Ire-
Graves, the Protestant Bishop of Limerick, who says, these ecclesiastical canons contain among them several laws, that are of a purely civil character, with many allusions to the existing state of society. Among ancient Brehon laws, still exant in the Irish lan- guage, the very same institutions are to be foimd, forming part of a system, which is altogether similar and coherent Thus, the independent testimony of the Canons, whose age is now fully ascertained, demonstrates the genuineness and antiquity of our Brehon laws.
='70 See a letter of Rev. B. MacCarthy,
dated St. Colman's College, Fermoy, July 9th, 1872, headed "Celtic MSS. in the
"
Vatican. It was published in Tlie Tablet
of Saturday, July 20th, 1872.
*73 At folio 15, b, occurs this notice %yycAflathi Hibemiae qui ex dimedia {sic)
:
" Hi
from Conn of the Hundred Battles "77 See Francis "Rome: land), John Maguire's
(a. d. 151), to Flann, son of Maelsechnaill (A. D. 914).
*7* One of the most interesting works, on the subject of the Roman Libraries, is the Very Rev. Jeremiah Donovan's '* Rome : Ancient and Modem, and its Environs. " See vol. i. , chap, ii. , pp. 335, 336 ; vol. ii. , chap, i. , pp. 488 to 503 ; vol. iii. , chap, xi. , PP- 943 to 999. See also an account of the ruins of the ancient Palatine Library in vol. iv. , chap, xvii. , pp. 261 to 266.
'«Allusion is made to them by Dr.
its Ruler and its Institutions," chap, xxv. , pp. 288, 289.
'7* A library belongs to the cathedral here, and a beautiful view of this library stair- case is given in Mrs. Charles Stothard's "Letters written during a Tour through Normandy, Brittany, and other parts of France, in 1818," Letter iii. , p. 26.
'79 The Catalogue contained over 33,OO0 titles of books, in 1835.
=^See Le Vicomte Walsh's "Explora- tions en Normandie," pp. 511 to 514.
Schweitz," or History of Switzerland, band i. , p.
