No More Learning

12. $ 7. )
(L. S. )
phorus Gregoras, iii. 1, iv. 1, &c. ; Cave, Hist. Lit. ARSI'NOE ('Apoivon). ). The mother of
i. p. 725, &c. , ed. London ; Fabr. Bill. Graec. xi. Ptolemy I. , king of Egypt, was originally a concu-
bine of Philip, the father of Alexander the Great,
2. Á Greek monk (Cave calls him Patricius and was given by Philip to Lagus, a Macedonian,
Romanus), who lived towards the end of the fourth while she was pregnant with Ptolemy. Hence
century of our era, was distinguished for his know- Piolemy was regarded by the Macedonians as the
ledge of Greek and Roman literature. The emperor son of Philip. (Paus. i. 6. $ 2; Curt. ix. 8; Sui-
Theodosius the Great invited him to his court, and das, s. v. Aayos. )
entrusted to him the education of his sons Arcadius 2. The daughter of Ptolemy I. and Berenice,
and Honorius, whose father Arsenius was called. | born about B. C. 316, was married in B. C. 300 to
At the age of forty, he left the court and went to Lysimachus, king of Thrace, who was then far
Egypt, where he commenced his monastic life at advanced in years. Lysimachus had put away
Scetis in the desert of the Thebais. There he spent | Amastris in order to inarry Arsinoë, and upon the
forty years, and then migrated to Troë, a place death of the former in B. C. 288 [ANASTRIS),
near Memphis, where he passed the remainder of Arsinoë received from Lysimachus the cities of
his life, with the exception of three years, which Heracleia, Amastris, and Dium, as a present.
he spent at Canopus. He died at Troë at the age (Plut. Demtr. 31; Paus. i. 10. $ 3; Memnon, ar.
of ninety-five. There exists by him a short work Phot. p. 225, a. 30, ed. Bekker. )
containing instructions and admonitions for monks, Arsinoë, who was anxious to secure the succes-
which is written in a truly monastic spirit. It was sion to the throne for her own children, was jea-
published with a Latin translation by Combefisius lous of her step-son Agathocles, who was married
in his Auctarium Novissimum Biblioth. Patr. , Paris, to her half-sister Lysandra, the daughter of
1672, p. 301, &c. We also possess forty-four of Ptolemy I. and Eurydice. Through the intrigues
his remarkable sayings (apophthegmata), which had of Arsinoë, Agathocles was eventually put to
been collected by his ascetic friends, and which are death in B. c. 284. [AGATHOCLES, p. 65, a. ]
printed in Cotelerius' Monumenta, i. p. 353. (Cave, This crime, however, led to the death of Lysima-
Hist. Lit. ii. p. 80, ed. London; Fabr. Bibl. Graec. chus; for Lysandra filed with her children to Se
xi. p. 580, &c. )
(L. S. ] leucus in Asia, who was glad of the pretext to
ARSES, NARSES, or OARSES ("Apons, march against Lysimachus. In the war which
Nápons, or 'Oápons), the youngest son of king Ar- followed, Lysimachus lost his life (B. C. 281);
taxerxes III. (Ochus. ) After the eunuch Bagoas and after the death of her husband, Arsinoë
had poisoned Artaxerxes, he raised Arses to the first fled to Ephesus, to which Lysimachus had
throne, B. C. 339; and that he might have the given the name of Arsinoë in honour of her (Steph.
young king completely under his power, he caused Byz. s. v. 'Eqeros), and from thence (Polyaen.
the king's brothers to be put to death ; but viii
. 57) to Cassandreia in Macedonia, where she
one of them, Bisthanes, appears to have escaped shut herself up with her sons by Lysimachus.
their fate. (Arrian, Anab. ii. 19. ) Arses, how- Seleucus had seized Macedonia after the death
ever, could but ill brook the indignities committed of Lysimachus, but he was assassinated, after a
against his own family, and the bondage in which reign of a few months, by Ptolemy Ceraunus, the
he himself was kept; and as soon as Bagoas per- half-brother of Arsinoë, who had now obtained.
ceived that the king was disposed to take ven- the throne of Macedonia. Ptolemy was anxious
geance, he had him and his children too put to to obtain possession of Cassandreia and still
death, in the third year of his reign. The roral more of the sons of Lysimachus, who might prove
llouse appears to have been thus destroyed with formidable rivals to him. He accordingly made
the exception of the above-mentioned Bisthanes, offers of marriage to Arsinoë, and concealed his
and Bagoas raised Dareius Codomannus to the real object by the most solemn oaths and promises.
throne. (Diod. xvii. 5; Strab. xv. p. 736; Plut. Arsinoë consented to the union, and admitted him
de Fort. Alex. ii. 3, Artax. 1 ; Arrian, Anab. ii. into the town; but he had scarcely obtained pos-
14; Ctesias, Pers. p. 151, ed. Lion; Syncell session of the place, before he murdered the two
pp. 145, 392, 394, 487, ed. Dindorf. ) [L. S. ] younger sons of Lysimachus in the presence of
ARSI'NOE ('Apoion). 1. A daughter of Phe their mother. Arsinoë herself fled to Samothrace
geus, and wife of Alcmaeon. As she disapproved (Justin, xvii. 2, xxiv. 2, 3; Memnon, ap. Phot. p.
of the murder of Alcmaeon, the sons of Phegeus 226, b. 34); from whence she shortly after went
put her into a chest and carried her to Agapenor to Alexandria in Egypt B. c. 279, and married her
at Tegea, where they accused her of having killed own brother Ptolemy II. Philadelphus. (Paus. i.
Alcmaeon herself. (Apollod. iii. 7. $ 5; ALCMA EON, 7. $S 1, 3; Theocrit. Idyll. xv. 128, &c. with the
AGENOR. )
Scholia ; Athen. xiv. p. 621, a. ) Though Arsinoë
2. The nurse of Orestes, who saved him from bore Ptolemy no children, she was exceedingly be
the hands of his mother Clytemnestra, and carried loved by him; he gave her name to several cities,
him to the aged Strophius, the father of Pylades. called a district (vouós) of Egypt Arsinoïtes after
(Pind. Pyth. xi. 25, 54. ) Other traditions called her, and honoured her memory in various ways.
this nurse Laodameia. (Schol. ad Pind. I. c. ) (Comp. Paus. l. c. ; Athen. vii. p. 318, b. xi. p.
3. A daughter of Leucippus and Philodice, and 497, d. e. ) Among other things, he commanded
sister of Hilaeira and Phoebe, the wives of the the architect, Dinochares, to erect a temple to Ar-
Dioscuri. By Apollo she became the mother of sinoë in Alexandria, of which the roof was to be
Eriopis, and the Messenian tradition regarded arched with loadstones, so that her statue made of


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ARSINOE.
367
ARTABANUS.
iron might appenr to float in the air; but the her murder ; they broke into the louse of Phi-
death of the architect and the king prevented its lammon, and killed him together with his son and
completion. (Plin. H. N. xxxiv. 42. ) Coins wife. (Polyb. v. 83, 84, 87, xv. 25, 32, 33. )
were struck in her honour, one of which is figured
below, representing her crowned with a diadem
and her head partially veiled: the reverse contains

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6.
Danghter of Ptolemy XI. Auletes, escaped
from Caesar, when he was besieging Alexandria
in B. C. 47, and was recognized as queen by the
a double cornucopia, which illustrates the state- Alexandrians, since her brother Ptolemy XII.
ment of Athenacus (xi. p. 497, b. c. ), that Ptolemy Dionysus was in Caesar's power. After the cap-
Philadelphus was the first who had made the ture of Alexandria she was carried to Rome by
drinking-horn, calld putóv, as an ornament for the Caesar, and led in triumph by him in B. c. 46, on
statues of Arsinoë, which bore in the left hand which occasion she excited the compassion of the
such a horn, filled with all the fruits of the earth. Roman people. She was soon afterwards dismissed
It should, however, be remarked that the word by Caesar, and returned to Alexandria; but her
occurs as early as the time of Demosthenes. sister Cleopatra persuaded Antony to have her put
(Dict. of Ant. s. v. Putóv. )
to death in B. C. 41, though she had fled for re-
3. The daughter of Lysimachus and Nicaea, fuge to the temple of Artemis Leucophryne in
was married to Ptolemy II. Philadelphus soon Miletus. (Dion Cass. xlii. 39, &c. , xliii. 19;
after his accession, B. c. 285. When Arsinoë, the Caes. B. C. iii. 112, B. Alex. 4, 33; Appian,
sister of Ptolemy Philadelphus (see No. 2), fled B. C. v. 9, comp. Dion Cass. xlviii. 24. )
to Egypt in B. c. 279, and Ptolemy became capti- ARSI'TES ('Apolons), the satrap of the Helles-
vated by her, Arsinoë, the daughter of Lysima- pontine Phrygia when Alexander the Great invaded
chus, in conjunction with Amyntas and Chrysip- Asia. After the defeat of the Persians at the
pus, a physician of Rhodes, plotted against her; Granicus, Arsites retreated to Phrygia, where he
but her plots were discovered, and she was banish- put an end to his own life, because he had advised
ed to Coptos, or some city of the Thebais. She the satraps to fight with Alexander, instead of
had by Ptolemy three children, Ptolemy Evergetes, retiring before him and laying waste the country,
afterwards king, Lysimachus, and Berenice. (Schol. as Memnon had recommended. (Arrian, Anal. i.
ud Theocr. Id. xvii. 128; Paus. i. 7. & 3; Polyb. 13, 17; Paus. i. 29. $ 7. )
xv. 25. )
ARTABA’NUS ('Aptábavos), sometimes writ-
4. The wife of Magas, king of Cyrene. In order ten Artapanus or Artapanes. 1. A son of Hys-
to put an end to his disputes with his brother taspes and brother of Dareius Hystaspis, is described
Ptolemy II. Philadelphus, Magas had betrothed his by Herodotus (iv. 83) as dissuading his brother
only daughter, Berenice, to the son of Ptolemy, from the expedition against the Scythians. In the
but died before the marriage took place. As Arsi- reign of Xerxes, the successor of Dareius, Arta-
noë disapproved of this connexion, she invited De- banus appears occasionally again in the character
metrius the Fair, the son of Demetrius Poliorcetes, of a wise and frank counsellor, and Herodotus in-
to Cyrene, in order to become the king of the place troduces him several times as speaking. (Herod.
and the husband of Berenice. But his beauty vii. 10, 46–53. )
captivated Arsinoë; and her daughter indignant 2. An Hyrcanian, who was commander of the
at the treatment she had received, excited a con- body-guard of king Xerxes. In B. C. 465, Arta-
spiracy against him, and caused him to be killed in banus, in conjunction with a eunuch, whom some
the arms of her mother. Berenice then married call Spamitres and others Mithridates, assassinated
the son of Ptolemy. (Justin, xxvi. 3. ) It is not Xerxes, with the view of setting hiniself upon the
stated of what family this Arsinoë was. Niebuhr throne of Persia. Xerxes had three sons, Dareius,
(Kleine Scriften, p. 230) conjectures that she was | Artaxerxes, and Hystaspes, who was absent from
the same as the daughter of Lysimachus [No. 3], the court as satrap of Bactria. Now as it was
who after her banishment to Coptos went to necessary for Artabanus to get rid of these sons
Cyrene, and married Magas.
also, he persuaded Artaxerxes that his brother
5. Called Eurydice by Justin (xxx. 1), and Dareius was the murderer of his father, and stimu-
Cleopatra by Livy (xxvii
. 4), but Arsinoë by Po- lated him to avenge the deed by assassinating
lybius, was the daughter of Ptolemy III. Ever- Dareius. This was done at the earliest opportunity.
getes, the wife of her brother Ptolemy IV. Philo- Artabanus now communicated his plan of usurping
pator, and the mother of Ptolemy V. Epiphanes. the throne to his sons, and his intention to murder
She was present with her husband at the battle of Artaxerxes also. When the moment for carrying
Raphia (B. C. 217), in which Antiochus, the this plan into effect had come, he insidiously struck
Grent, was defeated; but her profligate husband Artaxerxes with his sword; but the blow only
was induced towards the end of his reign, by the injured the prince slightly, and in the struggle
intrigues of Sosibius, to order Philammon to put which ensued Artaxerxes killed Artabanus, and
her to death. But after the death of Ptolemy thus secured the succession to himself. (Diod. xi.
Philopator, the female friends of Arsinoë revenged 1 69. ) Justin (iii. 1), who knows only of the two
W


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868
ARTABAZUS.
ARTABAZUS.
brothers, Dareius and Artaxerxes, gives a different | Artabazus dissuaded Mardonius from entering on
account of the circumstances under which Arta- an engagement with the Greeks, and urged him to
banus was killed. (Comp. Ctesias, Pers. p. 38, lead his army to Thebes in order to obtain pro-
&c. , ed Lion ; Aristot. Polit. v. 10. )
visions for the men and the cattle ; for he enter-
3. A Greek historian of uncertain date, who tained the conviction that the mere presence of the
wrote a work on the Jews (tepl ’lová aíwv), some of Persians would soon compel the Greeks to sur-
the statements of which are preserved in Clemens render. (ix. 41. ) His counsel had no effect, and
Alexandrinus (Strom. i. p. 149), the Chronicum as soon as he perceived the defeat of the Persians
Alexandrinum (p. 148), and Eusebius. (Pruep. at Platacae, he fled with forty thousand men through
Erang. ix. 18, 23, 27. )
Phocis, Thessaly, Macedonia, and Thrace, to By-
4. I. II. III. IV. , kings of Parthia. (ARSACES, zantium, and led the remnants of his army, which
III. VIII. XIX. XXXI. )
(L. S. ) bad been greatly diminished by hunger and the
ARTABAZA'NES ('Aptabasávns). 1. The fatigues of the retreat, across the Hellespont into
eldest son of Dareius Hystaspis, also called Aria- Asia. (ix. 89; Diod. xi. 31, 33. ) Subsequently
bignes. (ARIABIGNES. )
Artabazus conducted the negotiations between
2. King of the people whom Polybius calls the Xerxes and Pausanias. (Thuc. i. 129; Diod. xi.
Satrapeii, and who appear to have inhabited that 44; C. Nepos, Paus. 2, 4. )
part of Asia usually called Media Atropatene. 3. One of the generals of Artaxerxes I. , was
Artabazanes was the most powerful king of this sent to Egypt to put down the revolt of Inarus,
part of Asia in the time of Antiochus the Great, B. C. 462. He advanced as far as Memphis, and
and appears to have been descended from Atropatus, accomplished his object. (Diod. xi. 74, 77 ; comp.
who founded the kingdom in the time of the last Thuc. i. 109 ; Ctesias, Pers. p. 42, ed. Lion. ) In
king of Persia, and was never conquered by the B. C. 450, he was one of the commanders of the
Macedonians. When Antiochus marched against Persian fieet, near Cyprus, against Cimon. (Diod.
Artabazanes, in B. C. 220, he made peace with xii. 4. )
Antiochus upon terms which the latter dictated. 4. A Persian general, who was sent in B. C.
(Polyb. v. 55. )
362, in the reign of Artaxerxes II. , against the
ARTABA'ZES.