& 34); and he seems to have ing illness,
accompanied
with failure of sight.
William Smith - 1844 - Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities - c
16.
9 1.
) This appears to have been the last universally admitted to be unworthy of credit
.
in the long catalogue of the crimes of Parysatis ; at (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x p. 229 , Vossius, de
least it is the last mention that we find of her Hist. Graec. p. 294, ed. Westermann. ) (GEORGIUS,
name. The period of her death is wholly un- No. 7, p. 218. )
[W. M. G. )
known. The history of her intrigues and cruel- PASI'CRATES (Taoikpátas), a Greek phy.
ties, the outline of which is above given, is very sician who appears to have given much attention to
fully related by Plutarch (Artaxerxes), who has the preparation of surgical apparatus, as his name
followed the authority of Ctesias, a resident at is several times mentioned by Oribasius in his
the court of Persia throughout the period in book on that subject (De Machin. cc. 26, 29, 31,
question, and bears every mark of authenticity. I pp. 182, 183, 190, 192). He was the father of
K 2
Aescas
snour. (Simb. 5. p. 246; Tzetz. B.
e of Oceanus, by whom she became the
ropa and Thrace. (Tzetz, a1 Lx. 841;
ad Acschyl. Pers. 183. ) [LS]
ENOS (Napkévos), i e. the virus
Athena at Athens, where the famous
henon was dedicated to her. (Paasi
5, viii. 41. & 5, 2. 31, in fn) Pa
occurs as the proper 2. 279 of the
Apollo and Chrisortens, oto e
e death was placed of her de
stars. (Ilygin. Poct. Ástr. 25,-
ATIS (Παρύσατις Or Παρυσέτα, και
Ctes. p. 186. ) According to Szlo
5), the Persian form of the name va
1
!
ghter of Artaxerxes I. Longimaras
, Ess
was given by her father in marriage as
brother Dareius, surnamed Ochus, wi
succeeded Xerxes II. on the threze of
(Ctes. Pers. 44, ed. Baehr. ) The feeling
## p. 132 (#148) ############################################
132
PASIMELUS.
PASION.
Aristion (ibid. cc. 24, 26, pp. 180, 183), and as I wall's Greece, vol. v. p. 128, that Pasimelus was a
he lived probably after Nymphodorus (ibid. p. 180) Spartan officer commanding at Corinth. [E. E. )
and before Heliodorus (p: 160), he may be conjec- PASINI'CUS (Naoivikos), a physician in the
tured to have lived in the second or first century fourth century after Christ to whom one of St.
B. C. He is probably the physician quoted by As Basil's letters is addressed. (Ep. 324, vol. iii.
clepiades Pharmacion ap. Gal' De Compos. Medicam. p. 449, ed. Bened. )
(W. A. G. )
sec. Locos, viii. 8, vol. xiii. p. 213. if, with Mead PA'SION (Maoiwv). 1. A Megarian, was one
(De Numis quibusdam a Smyrnacis in Honorem of those who were employed by Cyrus the younger
Medicorum percusis, p. 51) and Fabricius (Bibl. in the siege of Miletus, which had continued to
Gracc. vol. xiii. p. 357, ed. vet. ), we suppose that adhere to Tissaphernes ; and, when Cyrus com-
certain coins with the name of Pasicrates upon menced his expedition against his brother, in B. C.
them, were struck in honour of this plıysician, we 401, Pasion joined him at Sardis with 700 men.
may add to the above particulars, that he was a At Tarsus a number of his soldiers and of those of
native of Smyrna, and a follower of Emsistratus ; Xenias, the Arcadian, left their standards for that
that his grandfather's name was Pasicrates, and his of Clearchus, on the declaration of the latter,
father's Capito ; and that he was brother of Meno- framed to induce the Greeks not to abandon the en-
dorus, and father of Metrodorus. (W. A. G. ) terprise, that he would stand by them and share their
PA'SIDAS or PASIADAS (Taoidas or 11a- fortunes in spite of the obligations he was under to
oiádas), an Achaean, was one of the deputies sent Cyrus. The prince afterwards permitted Clearchus
by the Achaeans to Ptolemy Philometor, to congra- to retain the troops in question, and it was from
tulate him on his attaining to manhood, B. c. 170. offence at this, as usually supposed, that Pasion
During their stay in Egypt, they interposed their and Xenias deserted the army at the Phoenician
good offices to prevent the further advance of An- sea-port of Myriandrus, and sailed away for Greece
tiochus Epiphanes, who had invaded the country, with the most valuable of their effects. Cyrus dis-
and even threatened Alexandria itself, but without played a politic forbearance on the occasion, and
effect. (Polyb. xxviii. 10, 16. ) [E. H. B. ) excited the Greeks to greater alacrity in his cause,
PASIME’LUS (llaolunaos), a Corinthian, of by declining to pursue the fugitives, or to detain
the oligarchical party. When, in B. c. 393, the their wives and children, who were in safe keeping
democrats in Corinth massacred many of their in his garrison at Tralles. (Xen. Anab. i. 1. $ 6, 2.
adversaries, who, they had reason to think, were $ 3, 3. & 7, 4. $$ 7-9. )
contemplating the restoration of peace with Sparta, 2. A wealthy banker at Athens, was originally
Pasimelus, having had some suspicion of the design, a slave of Antisthenes and Archestratus, who were
was in a gymnasium outside the city walls, with a also bankers. In their service he displayed great
body of young men assembled around him. With fidelity as well as aptitude for business, and was
these he seized, during the tumult, the Acroco- manumitted as a reward. (Dem. pro Phorm. pp. 957,
rinthus; but the fall of the capital of one of the 958. ) Hereupon he appears to have set up a bank-
columns, and the adverse signs of the sacrifices, ing concern on his own account, by which, together
were omens which warned them to abandon their with a shield manufactory, he greatly enriched him-
position. They were persuaded to remain in self, while he continued all along to preserve his
Corinth under assurances of personal safety ; but old character for integrity, and his credit stood
they were dissatisfied with the state of public high throughout Greece. (Dem. pro Phorm. I. c. ,
afairs, especially with the measure which had c. Tim. p. 1198, c. Polyel. p. 1224, c. Callipp.
united Argos and Corinth, or rather had merged p. 1243. ) He did not however escape an accu-
Corinth in Argos ; and Pasimelus therefore and sation of fraudulently keeping back some money
Alcimenes sought a secret interview with Praxitas, which had been entrusted to him by a foreigner
the Lacedaemonian commander at Sicyon, and from the Euxine. The plaintiff's case is stated in
arranged to admit him with his forces within the an oration of Isocrates (TpaTECOT IKÓs), still extant.
long walls that connected Corinth with its port Pasion did good service to Athens with his money
Lechaeum. This was effected, and a battle en- on several occasions. Thus we hear of his furnish-
sued, in which Praxitas defeated the Corinthian, ing the state gratuitously with 1000 shields, toge-
Boeotian, Argive, and Athenian troops (Xen. Hel. ther with fire gallies, which he manned at his own
iv. 4. 88 4, &c; Diod. xiv. 86, 91; Andoc, de expense. He was rewarded with the freedom of
l'ace, p. 25; Plat. Mencr. p. 245). Pasimelus, the city, and was enrolled in the demus of Acharnae.
no doubt, was one of the Corinthian exiles who (Dem. pro Phorm. pp. 953, 957, 957, c. Steph. i.
returned to their city when the oligarchical party pp. 1110, 1127, ii. p. 1133, c. Cullipp. p. 1243,
regained its ascendancy there immediately after the c. Neaer. p. 1345. ) He died at Athens in the
peace of Antalcidas, B. c. 387, and in consequence archonship of Dyscinetus, B. c. 370, after a linger-
of it (Xen. Hell. v. 1.
& 34); and he seems to have ing illness, accompanied with failure of sight. (Dem.
been the person through whom Euphron, baving pro Phorm. p. 946, c. Steph. i. p. 1106, ii. p. 1132,
sent to Corinth for him, delivered up to the Lacedae- c. Tim. p. 1196, c. Callipp. p. 1239. ) Towards
monians the harbour of Sicyon, in B. c. 367 (Xen. the end of his life his affairs were administered to
Hell. vii. 3. $ 2). The language of Xenophon in a great extent by his freedman Phormion, to whom
this last passage is adverse to the statement made he let his banking shop and shield manufactory,
above in the article EUPHRON, and also in Thirt and settled in his will that he should marry his
widow Archippe, with a handsome dowry, and
In the extract from Oribasius, given by Ang. undertake the guardianship of his younger son
Mai, in the fourth vol. of his - Classici Auctores e Pasicles. (Dem. pro Phorm. passim, c. Steph. i.
Vaticanis Codicibus editi” (Rom. 8vo. 1831),
we p. 1110, ii. pp. 1135–1137, c. Tim. p. 1186, c.
should read vióv instead of matépa, in p. 152, 1. Callipp. p. 1237. ) (APOLLODORUS, No. 1. ] From
23, and 'Aplotlw instead of 'Aptiwv, in p. 158, the several notices of the subject in Demosthenes
1 10.
we are able to form a tolerably close estimate of
:
C.
## p. 133 (#149) ############################################
PASITELES.
133
PASITELES.
the wealth of Pasion. His landed property | nothing further of him ; and, in fact, we should be
amounted, we are told, to about 20 talents, or unable to distinguish him from the younger Pasi-
48751. ; besides this he had out at interest more teles, were it not for the almost decisive evidence
than 50 talents of his own (12,1871. 10s. ), together that the Colotes here referred to was the same as
with 11 talents, or 26811. 5s. , of borrowed money. the Colotes who was contemporary with Pheidias
llis annual income from his banking business was (see Colotes, and Sillig, Catal. Arlif. 8. o. Colotes).
100 minne, or 4061. 58. , and from his shield manu- Some writers, as Heyne, Hirt, and Müller, imagine
factory 1 talent, or 2431. 15s. (Dem. pro Phorm. only one Pasiteles, and two artists named Colotes,
pp. 945, &c. , c. Steph. i. p. 1110, &c. ). His elder but Thiersch (Epochen, p. 295) attempts to get
son, Apollodorus, grievously diminished his patri- over the difficulty by reading "paketénov and -n for
mony by extravagance and law-suits. (Dem. pro Naorténov, &c. , in the passage of Pausanias. It
Phorm. p. 958. ) On Pasion, see further, Dem. is true that the names are often confounded ; but
c. Aphol. i. p. 816, c. Nicostr. p. 1249 ; Böckh, the emendation docs not remove the difficulty,
Pwi. Econ. of Athens, Book i. chap. 12, 22, 24, which lies in the fact that Colotes was contempo-
iv. 3, 17 ; Rehdantz, Vit. Ipk. Chuur. Tim. vi. rary with Pheidias ; besides, it is opposed to the
$ 8.
(E. E. ) critical canon, Lectio insolentior, &c.
PASI'PHAE (Ilaoipán). 1. A daughter of 2. A statuary, sculptor, and silver-chaser, of the
Helios and Perseis, and a sister of Circe and highest distinction (in omnibus his summus, Plin.
Aeetes, was the wife of Minos, by whom she was II. N. xxxv. 12. s. 45), flourished at Rome, in the
the mother of Androgeos, Catreus, Deucalion, last years of the republic. He was a native of
Glaucus, Minotaurus, Acalle, Xenodice, Ariadne, Magna Graecia, and obtained the Roman franchise,
and Phaedra. (Apollon. Rhod. ii. 999, &c. ; with his countrymen, in B. C. 90, when he must
Apollod. i. 9. § 1, iii
. 1. & 2; 0v. Nct. xv. 501 ; have been very young, since he made statues for
Cic. De Nat. Deor. ii. 19 ; Paus. v. 25. $ 9. ) the temple of Juno, in the portico of Octavia,
2. An oracular goddess at Thalamae in Laconia, which was built out of the Dalmatic spoils, in B. c.
was believed to be a daughter of Atlas, or to be 33 ; so that he must have flourished from about
the same as Cassandra or Daphne, the daughter of B. C. 60 to about B. c. 30 (Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 5. 6.
Amyclas. People used to sleep in her temple for 4. $$ 10, 12). This agrees very well with Pliny's
the purpose of receiving revelations in dreams. statement, in another place, that he flourished
(Plut. Agis, 9 ; Cic. De Div. i. 43. ) (L. S. ) about the time of Pompey the Great (H. N. xxxiii.
PASI'PHILUS (Tlaoididos), a general of Aga- 12. s. 55).
thocles, the tyrant of Syracuse, who was despatched Pasiteles was evidently one of the most distin-
by him with an army against Messana, where the guished of the Greek artists who flourished at
Syracusan exiles had taken refuge. Pasiphilus de Rome during the period of the revival of art. It is
feated the Messanians, and compelled them to recorded of him, by his contemporary Varro, that
expel the exiles. (Diod. xix. 102. ) He was shortly he never executed any work of which he had not
after sent a second time (together with Demophi- previously made a complete model, and that he
lus) to oppose the exiles, who had assembled a called the plastic art the mother of statuary in all
large force under Deinocrates and Philonides, and its branches (Laudat [M. Varro) et Pasitelem, qui
attacked and totally defeated them near Galaria. plasticem matrem cacluturae et statuariae scalpturae-
(Id. ib. 104. ) At a subsequent period (B. C. 306), que esse dirit, et cum esset in omnibus his summus,
the disasters sustained by Agathocles in Africa nihil unquam fecit antequam finxit : Pliny, H. N.
induced Pasiphilus to despair of his cause, and he xxxv. 12. 8. 45). Pliny tells us of an incident
went over to Deinocrates, with the whole force which proves the care with which Pasiteles studied
under his command. But his treachery was justly from nature : as he was sitting in front of the cage
punished, for the following year Deinocrates, bav- of a lion, which he was copying on silver, he was
ing, in his turn, betrayed his associates, and made nearly killed by a panther, which broke loose from
a separate peace with Agathocles, caused Pasi- a neighbouring cage (H. N. xxxvi. 5. s. 4. $ 12).
philus to be arrested and put to death at Gela, He is mentioned with distinction, in the lists of
B.
.
in the long catalogue of the crimes of Parysatis ; at (Fabric. Bibl. Graec. vol. x p. 229 , Vossius, de
least it is the last mention that we find of her Hist. Graec. p. 294, ed. Westermann. ) (GEORGIUS,
name. The period of her death is wholly un- No. 7, p. 218. )
[W. M. G. )
known. The history of her intrigues and cruel- PASI'CRATES (Taoikpátas), a Greek phy.
ties, the outline of which is above given, is very sician who appears to have given much attention to
fully related by Plutarch (Artaxerxes), who has the preparation of surgical apparatus, as his name
followed the authority of Ctesias, a resident at is several times mentioned by Oribasius in his
the court of Persia throughout the period in book on that subject (De Machin. cc. 26, 29, 31,
question, and bears every mark of authenticity. I pp. 182, 183, 190, 192). He was the father of
K 2
Aescas
snour. (Simb. 5. p. 246; Tzetz. B.
e of Oceanus, by whom she became the
ropa and Thrace. (Tzetz, a1 Lx. 841;
ad Acschyl. Pers. 183. ) [LS]
ENOS (Napkévos), i e. the virus
Athena at Athens, where the famous
henon was dedicated to her. (Paasi
5, viii. 41. & 5, 2. 31, in fn) Pa
occurs as the proper 2. 279 of the
Apollo and Chrisortens, oto e
e death was placed of her de
stars. (Ilygin. Poct. Ástr. 25,-
ATIS (Παρύσατις Or Παρυσέτα, και
Ctes. p. 186. ) According to Szlo
5), the Persian form of the name va
1
!
ghter of Artaxerxes I. Longimaras
, Ess
was given by her father in marriage as
brother Dareius, surnamed Ochus, wi
succeeded Xerxes II. on the threze of
(Ctes. Pers. 44, ed. Baehr. ) The feeling
## p. 132 (#148) ############################################
132
PASIMELUS.
PASION.
Aristion (ibid. cc. 24, 26, pp. 180, 183), and as I wall's Greece, vol. v. p. 128, that Pasimelus was a
he lived probably after Nymphodorus (ibid. p. 180) Spartan officer commanding at Corinth. [E. E. )
and before Heliodorus (p: 160), he may be conjec- PASINI'CUS (Naoivikos), a physician in the
tured to have lived in the second or first century fourth century after Christ to whom one of St.
B. C. He is probably the physician quoted by As Basil's letters is addressed. (Ep. 324, vol. iii.
clepiades Pharmacion ap. Gal' De Compos. Medicam. p. 449, ed. Bened. )
(W. A. G. )
sec. Locos, viii. 8, vol. xiii. p. 213. if, with Mead PA'SION (Maoiwv). 1. A Megarian, was one
(De Numis quibusdam a Smyrnacis in Honorem of those who were employed by Cyrus the younger
Medicorum percusis, p. 51) and Fabricius (Bibl. in the siege of Miletus, which had continued to
Gracc. vol. xiii. p. 357, ed. vet. ), we suppose that adhere to Tissaphernes ; and, when Cyrus com-
certain coins with the name of Pasicrates upon menced his expedition against his brother, in B. C.
them, were struck in honour of this plıysician, we 401, Pasion joined him at Sardis with 700 men.
may add to the above particulars, that he was a At Tarsus a number of his soldiers and of those of
native of Smyrna, and a follower of Emsistratus ; Xenias, the Arcadian, left their standards for that
that his grandfather's name was Pasicrates, and his of Clearchus, on the declaration of the latter,
father's Capito ; and that he was brother of Meno- framed to induce the Greeks not to abandon the en-
dorus, and father of Metrodorus. (W. A. G. ) terprise, that he would stand by them and share their
PA'SIDAS or PASIADAS (Taoidas or 11a- fortunes in spite of the obligations he was under to
oiádas), an Achaean, was one of the deputies sent Cyrus. The prince afterwards permitted Clearchus
by the Achaeans to Ptolemy Philometor, to congra- to retain the troops in question, and it was from
tulate him on his attaining to manhood, B. c. 170. offence at this, as usually supposed, that Pasion
During their stay in Egypt, they interposed their and Xenias deserted the army at the Phoenician
good offices to prevent the further advance of An- sea-port of Myriandrus, and sailed away for Greece
tiochus Epiphanes, who had invaded the country, with the most valuable of their effects. Cyrus dis-
and even threatened Alexandria itself, but without played a politic forbearance on the occasion, and
effect. (Polyb. xxviii. 10, 16. ) [E. H. B. ) excited the Greeks to greater alacrity in his cause,
PASIME’LUS (llaolunaos), a Corinthian, of by declining to pursue the fugitives, or to detain
the oligarchical party. When, in B. c. 393, the their wives and children, who were in safe keeping
democrats in Corinth massacred many of their in his garrison at Tralles. (Xen. Anab. i. 1. $ 6, 2.
adversaries, who, they had reason to think, were $ 3, 3. & 7, 4. $$ 7-9. )
contemplating the restoration of peace with Sparta, 2. A wealthy banker at Athens, was originally
Pasimelus, having had some suspicion of the design, a slave of Antisthenes and Archestratus, who were
was in a gymnasium outside the city walls, with a also bankers. In their service he displayed great
body of young men assembled around him. With fidelity as well as aptitude for business, and was
these he seized, during the tumult, the Acroco- manumitted as a reward. (Dem. pro Phorm. pp. 957,
rinthus; but the fall of the capital of one of the 958. ) Hereupon he appears to have set up a bank-
columns, and the adverse signs of the sacrifices, ing concern on his own account, by which, together
were omens which warned them to abandon their with a shield manufactory, he greatly enriched him-
position. They were persuaded to remain in self, while he continued all along to preserve his
Corinth under assurances of personal safety ; but old character for integrity, and his credit stood
they were dissatisfied with the state of public high throughout Greece. (Dem. pro Phorm. I. c. ,
afairs, especially with the measure which had c. Tim. p. 1198, c. Polyel. p. 1224, c. Callipp.
united Argos and Corinth, or rather had merged p. 1243. ) He did not however escape an accu-
Corinth in Argos ; and Pasimelus therefore and sation of fraudulently keeping back some money
Alcimenes sought a secret interview with Praxitas, which had been entrusted to him by a foreigner
the Lacedaemonian commander at Sicyon, and from the Euxine. The plaintiff's case is stated in
arranged to admit him with his forces within the an oration of Isocrates (TpaTECOT IKÓs), still extant.
long walls that connected Corinth with its port Pasion did good service to Athens with his money
Lechaeum. This was effected, and a battle en- on several occasions. Thus we hear of his furnish-
sued, in which Praxitas defeated the Corinthian, ing the state gratuitously with 1000 shields, toge-
Boeotian, Argive, and Athenian troops (Xen. Hel. ther with fire gallies, which he manned at his own
iv. 4. 88 4, &c; Diod. xiv. 86, 91; Andoc, de expense. He was rewarded with the freedom of
l'ace, p. 25; Plat. Mencr. p. 245). Pasimelus, the city, and was enrolled in the demus of Acharnae.
no doubt, was one of the Corinthian exiles who (Dem. pro Phorm. pp. 953, 957, 957, c. Steph. i.
returned to their city when the oligarchical party pp. 1110, 1127, ii. p. 1133, c. Cullipp. p. 1243,
regained its ascendancy there immediately after the c. Neaer. p. 1345. ) He died at Athens in the
peace of Antalcidas, B. c. 387, and in consequence archonship of Dyscinetus, B. c. 370, after a linger-
of it (Xen. Hell. v. 1.
& 34); and he seems to have ing illness, accompanied with failure of sight. (Dem.
been the person through whom Euphron, baving pro Phorm. p. 946, c. Steph. i. p. 1106, ii. p. 1132,
sent to Corinth for him, delivered up to the Lacedae- c. Tim. p. 1196, c. Callipp. p. 1239. ) Towards
monians the harbour of Sicyon, in B. c. 367 (Xen. the end of his life his affairs were administered to
Hell. vii. 3. $ 2). The language of Xenophon in a great extent by his freedman Phormion, to whom
this last passage is adverse to the statement made he let his banking shop and shield manufactory,
above in the article EUPHRON, and also in Thirt and settled in his will that he should marry his
widow Archippe, with a handsome dowry, and
In the extract from Oribasius, given by Ang. undertake the guardianship of his younger son
Mai, in the fourth vol. of his - Classici Auctores e Pasicles. (Dem. pro Phorm. passim, c. Steph. i.
Vaticanis Codicibus editi” (Rom. 8vo. 1831),
we p. 1110, ii. pp. 1135–1137, c. Tim. p. 1186, c.
should read vióv instead of matépa, in p. 152, 1. Callipp. p. 1237. ) (APOLLODORUS, No. 1. ] From
23, and 'Aplotlw instead of 'Aptiwv, in p. 158, the several notices of the subject in Demosthenes
1 10.
we are able to form a tolerably close estimate of
:
C.
## p. 133 (#149) ############################################
PASITELES.
133
PASITELES.
the wealth of Pasion. His landed property | nothing further of him ; and, in fact, we should be
amounted, we are told, to about 20 talents, or unable to distinguish him from the younger Pasi-
48751. ; besides this he had out at interest more teles, were it not for the almost decisive evidence
than 50 talents of his own (12,1871. 10s. ), together that the Colotes here referred to was the same as
with 11 talents, or 26811. 5s. , of borrowed money. the Colotes who was contemporary with Pheidias
llis annual income from his banking business was (see Colotes, and Sillig, Catal. Arlif. 8. o. Colotes).
100 minne, or 4061. 58. , and from his shield manu- Some writers, as Heyne, Hirt, and Müller, imagine
factory 1 talent, or 2431. 15s. (Dem. pro Phorm. only one Pasiteles, and two artists named Colotes,
pp. 945, &c. , c. Steph. i. p. 1110, &c. ). His elder but Thiersch (Epochen, p. 295) attempts to get
son, Apollodorus, grievously diminished his patri- over the difficulty by reading "paketénov and -n for
mony by extravagance and law-suits. (Dem. pro Naorténov, &c. , in the passage of Pausanias. It
Phorm. p. 958. ) On Pasion, see further, Dem. is true that the names are often confounded ; but
c. Aphol. i. p. 816, c. Nicostr. p. 1249 ; Böckh, the emendation docs not remove the difficulty,
Pwi. Econ. of Athens, Book i. chap. 12, 22, 24, which lies in the fact that Colotes was contempo-
iv. 3, 17 ; Rehdantz, Vit. Ipk. Chuur. Tim. vi. rary with Pheidias ; besides, it is opposed to the
$ 8.
(E. E. ) critical canon, Lectio insolentior, &c.
PASI'PHAE (Ilaoipán). 1. A daughter of 2. A statuary, sculptor, and silver-chaser, of the
Helios and Perseis, and a sister of Circe and highest distinction (in omnibus his summus, Plin.
Aeetes, was the wife of Minos, by whom she was II. N. xxxv. 12. s. 45), flourished at Rome, in the
the mother of Androgeos, Catreus, Deucalion, last years of the republic. He was a native of
Glaucus, Minotaurus, Acalle, Xenodice, Ariadne, Magna Graecia, and obtained the Roman franchise,
and Phaedra. (Apollon. Rhod. ii. 999, &c. ; with his countrymen, in B. C. 90, when he must
Apollod. i. 9. § 1, iii
. 1. & 2; 0v. Nct. xv. 501 ; have been very young, since he made statues for
Cic. De Nat. Deor. ii. 19 ; Paus. v. 25. $ 9. ) the temple of Juno, in the portico of Octavia,
2. An oracular goddess at Thalamae in Laconia, which was built out of the Dalmatic spoils, in B. c.
was believed to be a daughter of Atlas, or to be 33 ; so that he must have flourished from about
the same as Cassandra or Daphne, the daughter of B. C. 60 to about B. c. 30 (Plin. H. N. xxxvi. 5. 6.
Amyclas. People used to sleep in her temple for 4. $$ 10, 12). This agrees very well with Pliny's
the purpose of receiving revelations in dreams. statement, in another place, that he flourished
(Plut. Agis, 9 ; Cic. De Div. i. 43. ) (L. S. ) about the time of Pompey the Great (H. N. xxxiii.
PASI'PHILUS (Tlaoididos), a general of Aga- 12. s. 55).
thocles, the tyrant of Syracuse, who was despatched Pasiteles was evidently one of the most distin-
by him with an army against Messana, where the guished of the Greek artists who flourished at
Syracusan exiles had taken refuge. Pasiphilus de Rome during the period of the revival of art. It is
feated the Messanians, and compelled them to recorded of him, by his contemporary Varro, that
expel the exiles. (Diod. xix. 102. ) He was shortly he never executed any work of which he had not
after sent a second time (together with Demophi- previously made a complete model, and that he
lus) to oppose the exiles, who had assembled a called the plastic art the mother of statuary in all
large force under Deinocrates and Philonides, and its branches (Laudat [M. Varro) et Pasitelem, qui
attacked and totally defeated them near Galaria. plasticem matrem cacluturae et statuariae scalpturae-
(Id. ib. 104. ) At a subsequent period (B. C. 306), que esse dirit, et cum esset in omnibus his summus,
the disasters sustained by Agathocles in Africa nihil unquam fecit antequam finxit : Pliny, H. N.
induced Pasiphilus to despair of his cause, and he xxxv. 12. 8. 45). Pliny tells us of an incident
went over to Deinocrates, with the whole force which proves the care with which Pasiteles studied
under his command. But his treachery was justly from nature : as he was sitting in front of the cage
punished, for the following year Deinocrates, bav- of a lion, which he was copying on silver, he was
ing, in his turn, betrayed his associates, and made nearly killed by a panther, which broke loose from
a separate peace with Agathocles, caused Pasi- a neighbouring cage (H. N. xxxvi. 5. s. 4. $ 12).
philus to be arrested and put to death at Gela, He is mentioned with distinction, in the lists of
B.
