No More Learning

sur la Vie et have the character of knowing all physical science.
la Doctrine d' Hippocr. Paris, 1836, 8vo. ; Petersen, This circumstance, with a considerable degree of
Hippocr. Nomine quae circumferuntur Scripta ud personal affectation, caused him to be ranked among
Temporis Rationes dispos. Hamburg, 1839, 4to. ; the sophists, and it is very probable that much of
Meixner, Neue Prüfung der Echtheit und Reihefolge the wit of Aristophanes, in his Birds, is aimed at
Sämmtlicher Schriften Hippocr. , München, 1836, Hippodamus. (Aristot. Polit. ii. 5, and Schneider's
1837, 8vo.
(W. A. G. ] note ; Hesych. s. v. 'ITToddpov véucors; Phot. s. v.
HIPPODAMEIA ('ITTodáuera). 1. A daughter 'Irodáuov végeois ; Harpocr. s. v. 'InToodpera ;
of Oenomaus. [OENOMAUS and PELOPs. ) Diod. xii. 10; Strab. xiv. p. 654 ; C. F. Hermann,
2. A daughter of Atrax, and wife of Peirithous. Disputatio de Hippodamo Milesio, Marburg. 1841,
[PEIRITHOUS. ]
4to. )
[P. S. )
3. The wife of Alcathous, and eldest daughter of HIPPOLAITIS (Ιππολαίτις), a surname of
Anchises, was the favourite of her parents. (Hom. Athena at Hippola in Laconia (Paus. iii. 25.
Il. xii. 430, &c. )
§ 6. )
(L. S. )
4. The real name of Briseis (the daughter of
Brises), the beloved slave of Achilles. She was Bellerophontes . and Philonoe or Anticleia, and
originally married to Mynes, who was slain by father of Glaucus, the Lycian prince. (Hom. I.
Achilles at the taking of Lyrnesus. (Schol. ad Hom. vi. 197, 206; Apollod. i. 3. $'2; Pind. Ol. xiii.
Il. i. 184; Hom. Il. ii. 689, xix. 291, &c. ; 82. )
Dictys Cret. ii. 17. )
2. A son of Antimachus, was slain by Aga-
5. The wife of Amyntor, and mother of Phoenix. memnon. (Hom. ll. xi. 145. )
(LS. )
(Eust. ad Hom. p. 762 ; Hom. Il. ix. 450. ) (L. S. ] HIPPOʻLOCHUS ('ITTónoxos). 1. One of
HIPPOʻDAMAS ('ITAodánas). 1. The father the thirty tyrants at Athens (Xen. Hell. ii. 3.
of Perimela, the beloved of Achelous. (Achelous. ] 2. )
2. A son of Priam, was slain by Achilles. (Hom. 2. A Thessalian, who commanded a body of
Il. xx. 400; Apollod. iii. 12 & 5. ) [L. S. ) horse in the service of Ptolemy Philopator, with
HIPPOʻDAMUS ('ITabajos: the etymological which he deserted to Antiochus the Great, during
origin of the name is no doubt the same as that of the war in Syria, B. c. 218. He was immediately
the Homeric word intóbauos, which so frequently afterwards detached by Antiochus, together with
occurs as an epithet, and once as a proper name, il. Ceraeas, who had deserted about the same time, to
xi. 335 ; Aristopbanes, however, Eguit. 327, uses defend the province of Samaria. He is again
it with the ā, as if it were a Doric form from latos mentioned as commanding the Greek mercenaries
and oņuos; but this must be by way of some joke, in the service of Antiochus at the battle of Raphian
for we cannot suppose such an absurd compound to B. c. 217. (Polyb. v. 70, 71, 79. )
have existed as a proper name. ) Hippodamus was 3. A Thessalian, who was sent by the Larissae
a most distinguished Greek architect, a native of ans, at the commencement of the war with Anti-
Miletus, and the son of Euryphon or Eurycoön. ochus (B. C. 192), to occupy Pherae with a strong
His fame rests on his construction, not of single garrison, but, being unable to reach that place, he
buildings, but of whole cities. His first great work fell back upon Scotussa, where he and his troops
was the town of Peiraeeus, which Themistocles had were soon after compelled to surrender to Anti-
made a tolerably secure port for Athens, but which ochus, but were dismissed in safety. (Liv. xxxvi.
was first formed into a regularly-planned town by 9. )
Hippodamus, under the auspices of Pericles. It 4. An Aetolian, one of those sent prisoners to
has been clearly shown by Müller (Attika, in Ersch Rome, at the instigation of Lyciscus, as being dis-
and Gruber's Encyclopädie, vol. vi. p. 222, and posed to favour the cause of Perseus, in preference
Dorier, vol. ï. p. 251, 2nd edit. ) that this work to that of Rome. (Polyb. xxvii. 13. ) [E H. B. )
must be referred to the age of Pericles, not to that HIPPO'LOCHUS ('ITTboxos). i. The se-
of Themistocles. The change which Hippodamus cond in descent from Aesculapius, the son of Poda-
introduced was the substitution of broad straight lirius and Syrne, and the father of Sostratus I,
streets, crossing each other at right angles, for the who may be supposed to have lived in the twelfth
crooked narrow streets, with angular crossings, century B. C. (Jo. Tzetzes, Chil. vii. Hist. 155, in
which had before prevailed throughout the greater Fabr. Bibl. Graec. vol. xii. p. 680, ed. vet. )
part, if not the whole, of Greece. When the 2. The sixteenth of the family of the Asclepiadae,
Athenians founded their colony of Thurii, on the the son of Elaphus, who lived probably in the fifth
site of the ancient Sybaris (B. C. 443), Hippodamus century B. C. , and was one of the chief persons in


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490
AIPPOLYTUS.
HIPPOLYTUS.
the island of Cos. (Thessali Orat. ad Aram, in about his time, being drowned in a ditch or pit full
Hippocr. Opera, vol. iii. p. 840. ) (W. A. G. ) of water. That his learning was great, and his
HIPPO'LYTE ('ITTONÚTn). 1. A daughter writings numerous, we have the testimony of Eu-
of Ares and Otrera, was queen of the Amazons, sebius and Jerome, the earliest writers who speak
and a sister of Antiope and Melanippe. She wore, of him.
They both speak of him as a bishop,
as an einblem of her dignity, a girdle given to her but without naming his see (for the passage in the
by her father; and when Heracles, by the com- Chronica of Eusebius, in which he is called daloka
mand of Eurystheus, came to fetch this girdle, Hip-Tos ſlópTOU TOÛ kard 'Pusunu, is evidently corrupt),
polyte was slain by Heracles. (Heracles; Hygin. and Jerome expressly asserts that he could not
Fab. 30. ) According to another tradition, Hippo- ascertain it. His episcopal dignity, in the common
lyte, with an army of Amazons, marched into understanding of the word éniOKOTOS, is disputed
Attica, to take vengeance on Theseus for having by C. A. Heumann, who contends that he was
carried off Antiope ; but being conquered by The- “ praefectus" of the port of Ostia ; but we are not
seus, she fled to Megara, where she died of grief, aware that this opinion has found any supporters.
and was buried. Her tomb, which was shown (Heumann, Primitiae Gotting. No. xvii. p. 239. )
there in later times, had the form of an Amazon's As Eusebius thrice mentions Hippolytus, in im-
shield. (Paus. i. 41. $ 7; Plut. Thes. 27; Apollod. mediate connection with Beryllus, bishop of Bostra
ii. 5. & 9; A pollon. Rhod. ii. 968. ) In some ac- in Arabia, it is contended by Le Moyne, Asse-
counts Hippolyte is said to have been married to mani (Bill. Orient. vol. iii. p. i. c. vii. p. 15), and
Theseus instead of Antiope. Euripides, in his others, that Hippolytus was also an Arabian bishop,
Hippolytus, makes her the mother of Hippolytus. and Le Moyne contends that he was a native of
2. The wife of Acastus, according to Pindar that country. In the treatise De Duabus Naturis,
(Nem. iv. 57, v. 26); but Apollodorus calls her generally regarded as a work of pope Gelasius I.
Astydameia. (AcASTUS. )
[L. S. ) (Gelasius, No. 3), he is called “ Arabiae Metro-
HIPPOʻLYTUS ('ITTÓ Autos). 1. One of the polita," but this, so far as his metropolitan rank is
giants who was killed by Hermes. (Apollod. i. 6. concerned, is an error, the probable origin of which
§ 2. )
is pointed out by Basnage. The ignorance of
2. A son of Theseus by Hippolyte or Antiope. Jerome as to his see, and the mistake of Gelasius
(Schol. ad Aristoph. Ran. 873; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. as to his dignity, render it very unlikely that he
419, 1329, 1332; Eurip. Hippol. ) After the was bishop of any place in the immediate neigh-
death of the Amazon, Theseus married Phaedra, bourhood of Rome, still less of Rome itself, as Le-
who fell desperately in love with Hippolytus; but ontius of Byzantium, and Anastasius Sinaita appear
as the passion was not responded to by the step to have held. The fact of his works being in the
son, she brought accusations against him before Greek language increases the improbability of his
Theseus, as if he had made improper proposals to being an Italian bishop, or of his belonging at all
her. Theseus thereupon cursed his son, and re- to the west of Europe ; though the instances of
quested his father (Aegeus or Poseidon) to destroy Cleme of Rome and Irenaeus prevent this argu-
him. (Cic. de Nat. Deor. iii. 31, de Off. i. 10; ment from being quite conclusive. That he was an
Serv. ad Aen. vi. 445, vii. 761. ) Once therefore, Arabian, at least an Eastern bishop, is most likely;
when Hippolytus was riding in his chariot along but the opinion of Le Moyne and others, that he
the sea-coast, Poseidon sent a bull forth from the was bishop of the city in the territory of Adana,
The horses were frightened, upset the which was the great emporium of the Roman trade
chariot, and dragged Hippolytus till he was dead. (Philostorg. H. E. iii. 4), and was therefore called
Theseus afterwards learned the innocence of his Portus Romanus, is very questionable. Its only
son, and Phaedra, in despair, made away with her support is the subsequent currency of the belief
self. Asclepius restored Hippolytus to life again, that Hippolytus was bishop of the Portus Roma-
and, according to Italian traditions, Artemis placed nus, near Rome ; but this belief is more likely to
him, under the name of Virbius, under the protec- have gained ground from the mouth of the Tiber,
tion of the nymph Egeria, in the grove of Aricia, or its vicinity, being the scene of Hippolytus's
in Latium, where he was honoured with divine martyrdom.
worship. (Hygin. Fab. 47, 49; Apollod. iii. 10. The time in which he lived is determined by
§ 3; Ov. Met. xv. 490, &c. , Fast. iii. 265, vi. 737; Eusebius, who places him in the early part of the
Horat. Carm. iv. 7. 25; comp. Virbius. ) There third century ; and whose statement leads us to
was a monument of his at Athens, in front of the reject the account of Palladius (Hist. Lausiac. c.
temple of Themis. (Paus. i. 22. § 1. ) At Troe 148, apud Bill. Patr. vol. xiii. p. 104, ed. Paris,
zene, where a tomb of Hippolytus was shown, | 1654) and Cyril of Scythopolis (Vita S. Euthymii
there was a different tradition about him. (Paus. apud Cotelerius, Eccl. Graec. Monum. vol. iv. p. 82)
i. 22. & 2; comp. Eurip. Hippolytus. )
that he was acquainted with the apostles. Photius
There are two other mythical personages of this makes him a disciple of Irenaeus, which may be
name. (Apollod. ii. 1. & 5; Diod. iv. 31. ) [L. S. ] true; the same may be said of the statement of
HIPPO'LYTUS (('ITTÓAUTOs). 1. An early Baronius, who “had read somewhere ” that he was
ecclesiastical writer of considerable eminence, but a disciple of Clement of Alexandria ; a statement
whose real history is so uncertain, that almost repeated by som moderns (Semler, Hist. Eccles.
every leading point of it is much disputed. He Selecta Capita, vol. i. p. 73), but supported by no
appears to have lived early in the third century; other appeal to ancient authority than the very in
and the statement commonly received for a long distinct one of Baronius. Photius says that Hip
time was, that he was bishop of Portus Romanus polytus was an intimate friend and admirer of
(the harbour of Rome), at the mouth of the Tiber Origen, whom he induced to become a comment-
(for which the Paschal Chronicle is one of the ear- ator on the Scriptures, and for whose use he main-
liest authorities, if not the earliest), and that he tained at his own cost seven amanuenses or clerks,
suffered martyrdom under Alexander Severus, or to write from his dictation, Taxupuco. , and as
water.


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HIPPOLYTUS.
HIPPOLYTUS.
491
а
many others (ypdportes eis kános) to write out a from being a Valentinian, that Epiphanius nientions
fair transcript. But although the acquaintance of him (Panar. Haeres. xxxi. c. 33), with Irenaeus
Hippolytus with Origen is confirmed by the asser- and Clement, as having written against them. The
tion of Hippolytus bimself, who stated (according Acla are so corrupt, if indeed they are not spurious,
to Jerome) that he had Origen among his hearers that they cannot be relied on, and if the memory
when preaching, the other particulars given by of our Hippolytus (for he himself had been long
Photius are founded on a misunderstanding of a dead) incurred any censure at the council, it was
passage in Jerome, who asserts that Ambrosius of probably for differing from the Roman church in
Alexandria, a Marcionite, whom Origen bad con- the calculation of Easter, to which subject he had
verted, induced by the reputation which Hippoly- given great attention.
tus had acquired as a commentator, engaged Origen Several of the works of Hippolytus are enume-
in the exposition of Scripture, and supplied him rated by Eusebius, Jerome, and Photius, and are
with the amanuenses already described.
known by citations in ancient writers. Various
The martyrdom of Hippolytus is not mentioned portions of them are extant, most of which were
by Eusebius ; but Jerome calls him martyr (Praef. collected and published by J. A. Fabricius, under
ad Mutthaeum) ; and Photius and subsequent the title of S. Hippolyti Episcopi et Martyris
writers commonly so designate him. His naine is Opera, 2 vols. fol. Hamb. 1716–18. Mills, the
found in the Roman, Greek, Coptic, and Abys- editor of the N. T. , had contemplated an edition of
sinian martyrologics ; but the variations in the Hippolytus, and after his death his papers were
calendars are such, that we must suppose them to transmitted to Jo. Wil
. Janus, of Wittemburg,
record the martyrdom of several Hippolyti
. Pru- who was also prevented by death from bringing out
dentius, a Christian poet of the earlier part of the the work. The collections of Mills and Janus con-
fifth century, has a long poem (Liber repl Stepá- tained some pieces or fragments not included by
vwv, seu De Coronis: Hymn. ix. ) on the martyrdom Fabricius ; and further collections appear to have
of Hippolytus ; but this is a different person from been made by Grabe and others. The genuineness
the subject of the present article, unless we sup- of the extant writings of Hippolytus has been dis-
pose, with some critics, that Prudentius has con- puted. Semler doubts the genuineness of the
fused three Hippolyti, and made them one. The whole ; and Oudin and Mills (Proleg. ad N. 7.
date of the martyrdom of our Hippolytus is doubt- p. lxii. ) of nearly the whole. The extant works
ful. Alexander Severus, under whom it has been and fragments were reprinted by Gallandius (Bill.
commonly placed, was not a persecutor; and if we Patr. vol. i. fol.