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116 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1328.
fruit of Ireland were extensively destroyed, and Teige, son Torlogh O'Conor, was slain by the corn blighted. Dermod O'Gara.
An epidemic disease prevailed throughout Ire An appointed meeting was held between Walter land, called Slaodan,” which continued on every Mac William Burke and Gilbert Mac Costello on
person seized by it for three or four days, and proved almost fatal to them.
William Burke, that the Brown Earl, the son sir John the earl, who was the son the Red
Earl, came Ireland.
Donogh Roe O'Gara (in Sligo), and five others of his name were slain.
Conor Mac Branan, heir the chieftaincy
Corcachlan (in Roscommon), was slain by the people Anally.
the one side, and Mulrooney Mac Dermott,
Tomaltagh his son, Tomaltagh Mac Donogh and
the chiefs Clan Mulrooney (in Roscommon) on the other side; and engagement took place,
which Mac Dermott defeated Walter and Gilbert, with their people.
Donogh Gallda, son Donal O'Conor, was slain Hugh, son Teige, son Malachy, son
Manus (O'Conor).
Walter Burke marched with naught, and plundered many friends Torlogh O'Conor, king
Sir John Bermingham,” earl
Matthew Riavach Mac Gafridh was slain by force into Con Muintir Gearadhain (in Leitrim).
the immediate Connaught.
Louth, the most
Ivar Mac Rannall, chief Muintir Eoluis, was
slain the sons Gilcreest Mac Rannall. Duvesa, daughter O'Ferrall, and wife Mac
Murrogh the mountain, died.
Edina, daughter Mac Mahon, and wife
valiant, powerful, and hospitable baron the
English Ireland, was treacherously slain his
own people, viz. , the English Oriel (Louth); Mac Guire (in Fermanagh), died.
and many the English and Irish along with him Duvesa, daughter O'Helighe (or O’Hely),
were also slain, among whom was the blind O’Car and wife Donal, son Teige O'Conor, died.
roll, that Mulrooney, who was the chief minstrel
of Ireland and Scotland his time.
Bryan, son Tomaltagh Mac Donogh Sligo),
Murtogh O’Brien and the Clan Cuilein (Mac Namaras Clare), marched with their forces attack Bryan O’Brien second time, but Mur
was slain by Bryan, son Teige Mac Donogh. togh was defeated, and Conor O’Brien, Donal
Ulster, together with Torlogh the Donals, and Mac Namara, with many others Connaught, and Murtogh were slain.
The earl
O'Conor, king
O’Brien, king
army against Bryan Ban (the Fair) O'Brien, by English, which three thousand five hundred whom they were defeated; and Conor O’Brien, the English, together with the D'Altons, and the worthy heir the crown Ireland for his per son the vain-glorious knight, were slain.
sonal figure, wisdom, hospitality, and nobleness,
was slain that expedition, together with eighty
Munster, marched with great Mac Geoghegan" gave great overthrow the
of the chiefs and common
Slaodan signifies cough
have been epidemic cold Sir John Bermingham.
were John Bermingham, earl Louth, his brother Pierce, and many others his kindred, and Richard Talbot Malahide, &c.
Mac Geoghegan. This battle, which the English forces met such tremendous defeat, was fought near Mullingar, the day before the feast St. Lawrence, namely, the 9th August. The Irish clans were commanded by William Mac Geoghegan, lord Kinel Fiacha, large territory Westmeath, comprising the pre went baronies Moycashel and Rathconrath. The English forces were commanded lord Thomas Butler, the Petits, Tuites,
great contention arose this time amongst the English families Louth, the Berminghams,
soldiers.
cold; hence this disease appears influenza.
D'Altons, Delamers, Tyrrells, Nangles, &c. Pembridge's Annals, quoted Mac Geoghegan his History Ireland, (Duffy's edition, 322), Pembridge says, “The same year the eve St. Laurence, lord Thomas Butler marched with great army towards Ardmorcher, and met there lord Thomas Mac Geo ghegan. The lord Thomas Butler and many besides were killed,
the great loss Ireland. ”. Amongst the English captains killed
Gernons, Savadges, &c. , and battle was fought between them
Whitsun Eve, the 10th June, mentioned by Mac Geoghegan
and others, Ballibragan (probably Balbriggan), which 160,
according others 200 the English, were slain, amongst whom Pembridge enumerates. John, Roger, and Thomas Ledwich; John
Awlave Mac Finevar Leitrim), was slain Cathal O'Rourke.
and David Nangle; Miler and Simon Petit; Nicholas and John
White; James Tyrrell; John Warringer; Peter Kent; and wil
liam Freyne, with 140 other leaders whose names are unknown.
On this battle Henry Marleborough his chronicle says, “Lord Thomas Butler and divers other noblemen were slain by Mac
Geoghegan and the Irish near Molingar. ” Mac Geoghegan was
named William Gallda, from having defeated the English. See his death, 1332.
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REIGN OF EDWARD III. 117 A. D. 1330.
A. D. 1329.
Augustin, abbot of Lisgabhal' on Lough Erne,
died.
Cathal, son of Donal O’Rourke, a worthy heir
to the lordship of Brefney, was slain by the sons
of John O'Ferrall and the English of Meath, and
many others with them, in the house of Richard slain by Cathal, son of Hugh, son of Owen Tuite, at the monastery of Fobhar. ” O'Conor, at Fearan-na-Darach (or the Land of
Murtogh, son of Donal O’Conor, lord of Car the Oak), and Simon Mac-an-Failgidh was slain
bury (in Sligo), and a worthy heir to the kingdom of Connaught, died.
along with him.
Giolla Iosa Roe O'Reilly, lord of Muintir
Maolmordha, and of Brefney for long period, forcibly expelled from the Feadha, and from Tir died advanced age, after gaining the palm
Cathal, son of Hugh, son of Owen O'Conor, was
Maine (in Roscommon and Galway), by the victory over the world and the devil, and was
O’Kellys and the people of Hy Maine, at the instigation of Walter Burke,
A great contest arose between Torlogh O'Conor and the Clan Mulrooney (Mac Dermotts); and much devastation was committed on both sides.
A depredation was committed by Tomaltach Mac Dermott on Dermod O'Flanagan, chief of Clan Cathail (in Roscommon).
Aine, daughter of Fergal O’Reilly, and wife of Tomaltach Mac Dermott, died.
Teige, son of Torlogh, son of Mahon O'Conor,
was slain by O'Gara (in Sligo), and by the people of Artagh.
buried the habit of Franciscan friar the
Maolisa O’Coinel, the coarb of Drumcliff (in Sligo), died.
Benedict O'Flanagan, prior of Kilmore of the Shannon, died.
Manus, son of Hugh Breifnach O'Conor, was
monastery Cavan, which founder.
Malachy Mac Cormac, prietor, died.
was the original
wealthy landed pro
moy” Moylurg, and routed him thence Cair Mac William Burke and the earl of Ulster the Liag Fada; Gilbert Mac Costello, then lord
made peace with Mac Thomas (Fitzgerald). Slieve Lugha, came with his forces aid Dabac Don Mac William (Burke), a noble Mac William, and Tomaltach Mac Donogh with knight of great affluence, died. his people also came assist Mac William, having
Donogh Mac Gilpatrick (of Ossory), was slain turned against O'Conor; their combined forces
by the earl of Ulster.
Maolisa Donn Mac Egan, Ard Ollamh' (or
chief professor) of Connaught, died.
The cropsremained unreaped until after Michael
attacked O'Conor, and great battle was fought between them, until they came far Ath Disirt Nuadan, where Donogh, son Donal, son
Mahon (or Mac Mahon), Mac Gilla Comdhain, mas throughout Ireland, in consequence of wet and few O'Conor's people were slain the
weather.
A. D. 1329.
Lios Gabhail, now Lisgoole near Enniskillen,
the county
ford; O'Conor with the chiefs his people es
Finae, town Westmeath, situated the river between Loughs Sheelin and Kinale, which separates the counties Cavan and Westmeath. This battle was severe and long contested, and great numbers were slain both sides. The English were commanded by the lord justice sir Anthony Lucy.
Leagmoigh, Moylurg, the barony Boyle, county
Roscommon. Cairthe Liag fada, the borders the baronies Costello and Gallen, county Mayo. Slieve Lugha, large district the barony Costello, county Mayo, and extending
into the barony Coolavin, county Sligo, which Mac Cos tello was lord. The Tuatha Districts, large territory the baronies Ballintobber and Roscommon, county Roscommon,
which Sliabh Baghma,now Slieve Bawn, was situated. Kill Lomad, parish the barony Boyle, county Roscommon.
Fermanagh, where there was celebrated abbey endowed the Mac Guires.
Fobhar, now Fore founded for canons regular
Westmeath, where the seventh century,
monastery was St. Feichin;
afterwards became Benedictine monastery, and great college being established there, was for many centuries celebrated seat
learning and religion, and also bishop's see.
Ardollamh signifies chief professor; and the Mac Egans
were hereditary Brehons Munster and Connaught, that this Mac Egan was professor the Brehon laws.
probable
A. D. 1330.
Fiodhanatha signifies the wood the ford, now called
Ualgarg O'Rourke marched with great force
Fiodh-an-atha," where was met by the
English the town, who defeated his people and slew Art O’Rourke, heir the headlorship Bref
ney, Roderick Mac Gauran, and many others. Torlogh O'Conor, king Connaught, attacked
Walter Mac William Burke his camp Leag
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118 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1331-32–33.
caped from them until they came as far as the into Moylurg and plundered the entire country, Tuatha. Mac William pitched his camp at Kill excepting churches, which extended pro Lomad in the neighbourhood of O'Conor; the tection and respect. Tomaltach Mac Dermott forces of Connaught, both English and Irish, who with his party attacked them, but was repelled had joined him, were collected by Mac William the English, who slew number his people; for the purpose of having himself appointed king they length made peace with each other, and of Connaught, and he was then prepared to depose
O'Conor; when Mac Dermott got intelligence of
this, he turned against Mac William, and, taking
O'Conor's part, amicable terms and peace were concluded between both parties.
Conor, son of Teige, son of Bryan, son of An drew, son of Bryan Luighneach (O'Conor), gave the people of Dartry (in Leitrim), a great defeat, and slew many of them.
Torlogh O'Conor, with a few of his chiefs waited on William Burke, the Brown Earl, to obtain his aid against Mac William.
Walter left the country.
Myler Mac Geoghegan (of Westmeath), died.
conveyed
Bryan, son of Gilcreest Mac Rannall (in Lei Donegal), where afterwards died starvation,
Murrogh Mac Mahon (in Monaghan), was slain John Mac Mahon and the English the plain
Oriel (Louth). Thomas, son
Conchairge O'Flynn, died.
A. D. 1332.
sir William Burke, was taken prisoner the Brown Earl (Burke), and was
Walter, son
him the new castle Inisowen (in
trim), was slain by Teige Mac Rannall.
Hugh and Dermod, the sons of Murrogh O’Fer
rall (in Longford), were slain by Hugh O'Ferrall.
Petrus, the son of the coarb of St. Moeg (abbot
of Drumlane in Cavan), was slain by the English of Kells.
the castle prison.
Tomaltach Mac Dermott and Mac William
(Burke), were defeated Beirne-an-mil (in Ros common), by the son the earl (Burke), and
Tomaltach Mac Donogh and many their people were slain.
William Gallda, son Murtogh More Mac
A. D. 1331.
The coarb of St. Caillin," that Mac Cele, died the monastery
Mulrooney Mac Dermott, lord
having abdicated his lordship, assumed monastic habit the monastery Boyle, and Tomaltach Mac Dermott, his son, succeeded the lordship
the 7th day May.
Fergal, son Malachy Carrach Mac Dermott,
was slain Teige, son Cathal, son Donal O’Conor.
Walter Mac William Burke marched with force
Geoghegan, lord died.
Kinel Fiacha (in Westmeath), A. D. 1333.
Coarb The monastery
A. D. 1331.
St. Cailin, that abbot Fenagh,
Maothla was that Mohill, also
A. D. 1333.
Leitrim. Leitrim.
William Burke, earl Ulster,” was slain by the English Ulster, and the English who perpetrated
that deed were put death extraordinary manner by the people the king England;
some them were hanged, others were slain, and some were torn asunder avenge his death.
murdered June, 1833, the 21st year his age, place called the Fords near Carrickfergus, consequence some family quarrels, his own people, headed sir John Mandeville, who was married lady the Burgos, the earl's relative. De Burgos was married Maud, daughter Henry Plantagenet, earl Lancaster, grandson king Henry III. , and by her had daughter Elizabeth, who was married Lionel, duke Clarence, son king Edward III. , who, right his wife, was created earl Ulster and lord Connaught; hence the title earl
Ulster has been since that time retained the royal family England. —Lives Illustrious Irishmen, and Lodge's Peerage.
Killoran was probably Killora, the diocese
duagh the county Galway, parish which attached the
archdeaconry. There also Oran, the county
where there was ancient church founded there parish called Killoran, the county
Earl Ulster. William Burgo, earl
Roscommon, St. Patrick, and Sligo.
Ulster, was
Giolla-na-neev
Maothla. Moylurg,
Kilmac
Florent Mac Anoglaigh, archdeacon died.
Killoran,'
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|
REIGN OF EDWARD III. 119
--
Tomaltach Mac Donogh, son of Dermod, lord of Tirerrill, the most eminent man for truth, friend ship, and protection of his time, died.
Felim O’Donnell, the most noble and honour
able tanist to a lordship, a man of whom the Irish had the highest expectations, died.
Gilbert Mac Costello was treacherously slain on
the floor of his own house by Cathal Mac Der mott Gall.
Hugh Mac Consnamha, chief of Muintir Kenny Leitrim), died.
Nicholas Oge Mac Clancy was slain by the Co nacians, that by Torlogh O'Conor, king Con
naught, and by Tiarnan Mac Rourke; and the lordship Brefney was given O’Reilly.
Donogh, son
was taken prisoner Connaught.
Hugh O'Kelly (in Galway), Torlogh O'Conor, king
ceeded
but contention afterwards arose
All the Conacians both
English
Inis Sainer and Eas Ruadh, See note on Tirconnell.
A. D. 1334.
already explained several places,were namesapplied Ballyshannon and monastery.
marched with great army into Munster at tack Mac Namara (of Clare), from whom they took hostages, and reduced him subjection;
party these forces set fire church, which there were one hundred and eighty persons and two priests, none whom escaped from the burning.
Ten the people Donogh, son Malachy
Carrach Mac Dermott, were drowned Lough Techet (Lough Gara Sligo).
Teige, son Cathal, son Donal O'Conor, died.
Donogh Mac Consnamha, chief Muintir Kenny Leitrim), and Seonag, the son Murtogh More Mac Geoghegan, lord Kinel Fiacha (in Westmeath), and William Mac Geo ghegan, died.
Conor Mac Branan died. John Mac Gilultan was slain Donal Mac Hugh.
A. D. 1335.
Fionguala, daughter O’Brien, and wife Torlogh O'Conor, died.
John, son Art O’Hara (in Sligo), was taken prisoner the son the earl (Burke), who plun dered his people.
The sons Donal O'Conor plundered the
people Maurice Sugach (the Merry) Fitzgerald,
which occasion the grandson Maurice was slain.
The Clan Maurice, retaliation, plundered the sons of Donal.
All the west Connaught was laid waste by
Edmond Burke, who committed numerous evils
both burning and slaying the son the
(Burke), - Rickard,
earl and the Clan after which
they made peace with each other. Giolla-na-Naingeal O'Cassidy, chief physician
Fermanagh, died.
A. D. 1336.
Triinnoit O'Naan, head professor many and Irish sciences, and civil and canon law, died.
Tomaltach Gearr the Plunders, Mac Der mott, lord Moylurg, one who triumphed often over his enemies, whose friendship, protection, generosity, and hospitality excelled those any
general pardon was proclaimed the sons William Burke from the king England.
Conor Mac Brenan, chief Corcachlan (in Roscommon), died.
Hugh, son Donal Oge O'Donnell, lord Tirconnell, Kinel Moain, Inisowen, Fermanagh, North Connaught, and Brefney, and heir
the crown all Ulster, the most dreaded and for
midable his enemies any the Irish his time, man by whom most the English fell,
and also the Irish who were opposed him; one whose government, laws, and regulations were superior any his neighbouring chiefs, the most distinguished man western Europe for hospitality and benevolence, died after gaining the palm victory over the world and the devil, monastic habit, Innis Samer,” and was buried with great honours and solemnity the monastery
Eas Roe. Conor O’Donnell, his son, suc
lordship, until Art was slain conflict Conor.
him,
between Conor and Art his brother, respecting the
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120 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1337.
of his tribe, died on the night of Trinity Sunday
Niall, son Conor, son Teige (O'Conor), was slain.
in his own house at the port of the Rock (of
Lough Key near Boyle), and was buried with
honours in the monastery of Boyle. Conor, his Siuire (Carrick-on-Suir, county Tipperary),
son, succeeded him in the lordship.
Theobald Burke Mac William, and Myler, the
son of Jordan Dexeter (in Mayo), died.
Owen O’Madden defeated the Clan Rickard
Burke, and many of their people were slain, viz. ,
sixty-six in number.
The sons of Dermod Gall, and the son of Felim
O'Conor, committed great depredations on the Clan Costello (in Mayo), and Maidiuc Mac Wail drin was slain while pursuing them.
dations on the Clan Cathal (in Roscommon), on Thomas, son Cormac O’Donnell, bishop which occasion Conor O'Flanagan and many other Raphoe, man eminent for wisdom and piety, persons were plundered; and Malachy O'Flana died.
Lughaidh O'Daly, bishop Edmond Mac William Burke committed depre after well-spent life.
Clonmacnois, died
-
The monastery St. Francis Carraic-na
the diocese Lismore, was founded James Butler (earl Ormond).
Mahon O’Reilly (lord Clanmahon the county Cavan), was slain by the English.
O’Meehan, the coarb St. Molaise (abbot Devenish Fermanagh), died.
A. D. 1337.
gan was slain in the pursuit of the prey on that occasion, and a brother to Mac Anmilidh was af terwards taken prisoner by the pursuers, and was retained as a hostage.
Conor Mac Dermott, lord of Moylurg; Hugh,
son of Felim, son of Hugh O'Conor, with the
The Master O’Rothlain died.
William (Burke), son the earl Ulster, and
Bryan Bane (the Fair) O'Brien, made peace with
each other, and the lands which (Bryan) took from the earl’s son were set to him for rents.
The king Connaught pitched his camp Athleague (in Roscommon), opposition Ed
household of O'Conor; the Mac Donoghs; and
Cormac, son of Roderick O’Conor, with the mond Burke.
young soldiers of Carbury (in Sligo), went on a predatory excursion into Tireragh, and arrived at
Mullach Ratha (near Easkey); the cattle of the
country were driven away before them, but they
John O’Fallon, lord Clan Uadach (in Ros common), died.
Teige Mac Clancy, lord Dartry Leitrim), was slain by Cormac, son Roderick, son
however carried away with them much property, Donal O'Conor, together with many others, re
many horses and steeds, and a great quantity of taliation for the death John, son Donal
valuable articles; they also slew many people, (O'Conor), and (Cormac) afterwards committed
and returned safe to their own homes.
Dermod O'Flanagan, lord of Clan Cathail (in rice Mac Clancy was slain while pursuing the
Roscommon), died.
Torlogh O'Conor, king of Connaught, collected
the light troops the Tuatha, Clan Cathail,
plunder.
Teige and Malachy, the sons Ivar Mac Ran mall, were taken prisoners Cathal Mac Rannall,
Clan Conor, and Moylurg (all clans Ros who was soon after slain by the kinsmen the common), Artagh; and the great castle Mac sons Ivar, who went rescue them, having
Costello (in Mayo) was taken and demolished by collected great force, conjunction with Wil O’Conor on that occasion, and the Ceithern' who liam Mac Mahon and the two other sons of Ivar
garrisoned the town, surrendered, tee of Mac Dermott.
Donal, son John, son died.
the guaran Mac Rannall, namely, Conor and Tomaltach;
A. D. 1336.
Ceithern, kerns, were the light-armed troops the Irish,
Donal O'Conor,
they also slew Manus O'Ferrall the same day, and Teige, the son Ivar Mac Rannall, was appointed chief.
and the galloglaochs, gallowglasses were the heavy-armed infantry.
great depredations Dartry; and the son Mau
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Donal Roe O'Malley (in Mayo), and Cormac, his son, were slain by the sons of Mebric, and others of the English, on the festival of St. Stephen.
Matthew O'Higgin, a man eminent for poetry and liberality, died.
Henry Mac Martin was slain.
Donogh, son of Murtogh More Mac Geoghe
gan, lord of Kinel Fiacha Westmeath) was slain by the people Offaley.
Hugh Reamhur (the Fat) O'Neill, made peace with the people Oriel and Fermanagh.
121
land, was the most liberal the Clan Mac Guire his time, died.
Donogh, son Roderick O'Conor, was slain.
Edmund (Burke), the son the earl Ulster, was taken prisoner Edmond Burke (Mac Wil liam) who tied stone about his neck and drowned him Lough Mask Mayo). The destruction
the English Connaught and his own race was the consequence that deed, for Torlogh O'Conor, king Connaught, soon after expelled Edmund Mac William Burke out Connaught, after the country and churches the west
Donogh More O'Dowd, tanist (in Sligo), died.
REIGN OF EDWARD III.
Hy Fiachra Connaught had been awfully destroyed between them, and O'Conor then assumed the supreme
government the entire country.
Edmund Burke afterwards collected large fleet
ships and boats, and remained for long time Roderick-an-Einigh (the Hospitable), Mac on the islands of the sea.
Guire, lord Fermanagh, man who, making The English Lieney and Corran (in Sligo), presents money, clothing, steeds and other were plundered and dispossessed their proper goods the learned men and professors Ire ties and power, which were transferred the
South Connaught. The name Deiscirt Conacht, South were highly skilled architecture and other arts, from their long Connaught, often occurs the course the Annals, also some residence Greece, and intercourse with the Phoenicians. The times called Uachtar Conacht, Upper Connaught, North Fomoraigh Fomorians, another ancient colony mentioned by Connaught called Tuaisceart Conacht, and sometimes Iachtar the old annalists settled the northern parts Ulster and Conacht, Lower Connaught. The history and topography Connaught, are stated have beenAfrican Phoenician pirates, the counties Sligo and Mayo have been given the note descendants Ham, and are represented race giants. North Connaught, and the present article will given the his The term Fomaire derived O'Brien, his Irish Dictionary,
from Fogh, plundering, and muir, the sea, and hence signifies pirates. These various colonies, according our annalists, settled Ire
land more than thousand years before the Christian era. O'Flaherty's Ogygia (vol. 26), stated that Orbsen, chief descendedfrom the Danans and Fomorians, was famous merchant, and carried commercial intercourse between Ire land and Britain, and that was commonly called Manannan,
A. D. 1338.
tory and topography the ancient territories comprised the present counties Roscommon and Galway, together with their
chiefs and clans, compiled from the books Leacan and Bally mote, O’Dugan's Topography, O'Flaherty's Ogygia, O'Conor's Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, the Dissertations Charles O'Conor, Burgo's Hibernia Dominicana, the Histories Kea ting, O'Halloran, and Mac Geoghegan, County Surveys, and various other sources. the earliest ages the Firbolgs, called also Fir Domnians and Damnonians, O'Flaherty and others, were the first inhabitants Connaught, already stated the note North Connaught. The Firbolgs are called by various writers Belgae, Belgians, and, according our ancient annalists, were
colony originally from Scythia, or, according others, came from that part Gaul which was called the Romans Gallia Belgica, now Belgium, and are supposed others the same
account his frequent trading the Isle Mann, and that
people the Belgae Britain. The colony called Tuath De Orbsen, who was killed there, and now called Lough Corrib,
Danan, already mentioned the note North Connaught, con quered the Firbolgs, and became masters Ireland. The Danans are represented our old annalists originally Scythians, who
had settled some time Greece, and afterwards migrated Scan dinavia, the countries now forming Norway, Sweden, and Den
the county Galway. According O'Flaherty, the lakes called Lough Cime, now Lough Hacket, Lough Riach Loughrea, and some other lakes the county Galway, and also the river Suc,
between Roscommon and Galway, first began flow the time Heremon, son Milesius; and Loch Ke, Moylurg, near Boyle Roscommon, first sprung out the reign Tigearnmas, monarch Ireland, about nine centuries before the Christian era. The territory South Connaught, bounded one side the
Atlantic, and the other the mighty Shannon, abounds sublime and beautiful scenery, magnificent lakes, Lough Corrib and many others, Galway; Loughs Key, Gara, Allen, and many others, Roscommon; the Suc, and many other fine rivers; majestic mountains, Maam Trasna, Maam Turk, Maam, Ean, Slieve Baughta, and the twelve Pius Benabola, Galway; with immense ocean cliffs, large inlets, and bays, and many fine islands, those Arran, &c. , along the Atlantic coast. Amongst the remarkable features this country may mentioned the
R
mark. From Scandinavia the Danans came North Britain, where they settled colonies, and from thence passed into Ireland. appears that the Danans were highly civilized people, far more skilled arts and sciences than any the other ancient colonies that settled Ireland; hence from their great knowledge they were considered magicians by the Firbolgs and Milesians. O'Brien, his learned work the Round Towers Ireland, considers that these beautiful structures were built the Danans, for purposesconnectedwith Pagan worship and astronomical ob servations, an opinion not improbable, when
the Danans ruled Ireland about two centuries, and ninety-seven years, according the Psalter
considered that
one hundred Cashel, and
also got the name Mac Lir, signifying the son the sea, from his being expert mariner. He was killed Uillinn Abradhruaidh, Uillinn the Red Brows, another Danan chief,
battle Connaught, place called, from that circum stance, Magh Uillinn, the plain Uillinn, now the barony Moycullen, the county Galway. The lake near which this battle was fought got the name Lough Orbsen, from the chief
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122 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1339. w
ancient Irish inheritors, after the English had been by Cathal, son of Hugh, son of Owen O'Co expelled. nor, while going from O'Conor’s house to his
OWI).
Teige, son of Roderick, son of Cathal O'Conor,
who was called the Bratach righin (that is of the Thomas Mac Gauran was set at liberty by the firm Standard or Banner), was taken prisoner by Clan Muircheartaigh.
Thomas Mac Gauran (of the county of Cavan), Hugh Reamhar O'Neill marched with a great and many of his people were slain. force into Tirconnell, and the son of John O’Neill
and Geoffrey O’Donnell, of those forces, were slain of O'Conor, and on his return therefrom, the by the people of O’Dogherty.
Mac Gauran (Thomas) went then to the house
Clan Murtogh (O'Conor ofSligo), and people of
Muintir Eoluis (in Leitrim), collected their forces, took him prisoner, and slew many of his people.
Hugh-an-Chleitigh (of the Plumes), the son of Roderick O'Conor, while commanding in the rere of his forces, received a wound, of which he died.
Dervoill, daughter of Cathal Mac Murrogh, and wife of Donogh, the son of Hugh Oge, died.
A. D. 1339.
Roderick O’Kelly, lord of Hy Maine, was slain
Edmond Mac William Burke, who was on the
islands of the sea with his fleet, was expelled to Ulster, by Torlogh O'Conor, king of Con naught.
Torlogh O'Conor took to him (as wife) the daughter ofTorlogh O’Brien, who was the wife
of the earl of Ulster's son, and put away Dervoil, the daughter of Hugh O'Donnell.
A great war arose throughout Meath, between the English and the Irish.
The church of Kilronan (in Roscommon), was erected by Fergal Muinach O’Duigenan.
peculiarly wild and picturesque scenery of Connemara. In Ros Learned), chief bard to the monarch Niall of the Hostages, in the
common are many fine mountains, as the Curlews, Slieve Bawn, and many others. Cruachan, in Connaught, was celebrated from
the earliest ages, and nearly a thousand years before the Christian era, Muimne, monarch of Ireland, son of Heremon, is stated to
have died at Cruachan. Cruachan, or Croaghan, was situated near Elphin, in the county of Roscommon, and according to Char les O'Conor, was also called Druim na n-Druadh, or the Hill of the Druids, being a great seat of Druidism. Cruachan became the capital of Connaught, and residenceof the ancient kings; and the states of Connaught held conventions there, to make laws and inaugurate their kings. Eochaidh Feidhlioch, monarch of Ireland, about a century before the Christian era, erected a royal residence and a great rath there, called Rath Cruachan, which got its name from Cruachan Croidheirg, his queen, mother of Meadhbh. This Meadhbh or Meava, was queen of Connaught, and a cele brated heroine, who, like the ancient queens of the Amazons, com manded her own forces in person, in the seven-years' war with
the Red-branch Knights of Ulster, an event famous in the Tain bo-Cuailgne, and other ancient records. Meava is represented in her gilded war-chariot, surrounded by several other chariots, and
wearing on her head her Aision, or golden crown. At Cruachan was the burial-place of the pagan kings of Connaught, called Reilig na Riogh, or the Cemetery of the Kings. The heroic Dathi, the last pagan monarch of Ireland, having carried his vic torious arms to Gaul, and being killed by lightning at the foot of the Alps, A. D. 429, his body was brought to Ireland by his soldiers, and buried in Reilig na Riogh, and a large red pillar-stone erected over his grave, which remains to this day. Dathi was nephew to the famous warrior, Niall of the Nine Hostages, monarch of Ire land, and, like him, made war on the Romans in Gaul and Britain. Dathi's name was Feredach, but he got the appellation Dathi from his great activity, as the word Dathi or Dathe signifies agility, and he is represented to have been so expert in the use of his arms and handling his weapons that, if attacked by an hun dred persons at the same time, all discharging their arrows and javelins at him, he would ward off every weapon by his dexterity.
A beautiful poem, giving an account of the kings and queens buried at Cruachan, was composed by Torna Eigeas (Torna the
fifth century, commencing thus:
“Ata fudsari fionn bh-fear Fail, Dathi, mac Fiachrach, fear graidh, A Cruacha, ro cheilis sin
Ar Ghalluibh, ar Ghaoidhealuibh. ”
“Under thee lies the fair king of the men of Fail, Dathi, son of Fiachra, man of fame,
O ! Cruacha, thou hast this concealed From the strangers and Gaels "
literally, from the Galls and Gaels, the word Gaels
This last line
meaning the Irish themselves, and the term Galls being applied
the Irish all foreigners, the Gauls, Danes, English, &c.
the above Ireland called Fail, Inis Fail, signifying the Island Destiny, was the namegiven Ireland by the Tuath de Danans, from remarkable stone they brought with them into
Ireland, which was called the Lia Fail, sitting on which, the ancient kings, both
Stone Destiny, the Danan and Mile Tara. This stone was sent Scotland the sixth century, for the coronation Fergus, king Scots, who was descended from the Milesian kings Ire
sian race, were for many ages crowned
land, and was used for many centuries
Scottish kings, and kept the abbey
was taken England King Edward
land, and placed under the coronation chair Westminster Abbey, where still remains, though has been erroneously stated some modern publications, that the large pillar stone which
stands the mound rath Tara the Stone Destiny, an assertion opposed the statements O'Flaherty, the O'Conors, and all other learned antiquarians. may here observed, that three the Tuath Danan queens, namely, Eire, Fodhla, and Banba, gave their names Ireland, which mentioned by the various old writers under the names Fodhla, Banba, and Eire, and from Eire has beenderived the name Eirin. According the poem Torna Eigeas, the following were the kings and queens buried Cruachan: the three queens the Danans, Eire, Fodhla, and Banba, and their husbands, Mac Coill, Mac Cecht, and Mac
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REIGN OF EDWARD III. 123
A. D. 1340.
A contention arose between the people of Hy Maine, namely, between Teige O'Kelly, to whom Torlogh O'Conor, king of Connaught, gave the government of Hy Maine, and William, son of
HE monastery of Oirbeal Donogh Muinach O'Kelly, who was expelled from aigh' at Carraic-an-Chuil, the country; and although he had left Teige at the eastern end of Lough O'Kelly, with his kinsmen and people, pursued Lein, in the diocese of Ard and overtook him; William and his party once fert, in Munster, was found turned upon them, and engagement ensued,
ed for Franciscan friars by which Donogh, the son Hugh O’Kelly, was Mac Carthy, and many of slain, and Teige O’Kelly taken prisoner, after re
the nobility of the country selected their burial-places in that monastery,
and amongst these were O’Sullivan More and the two O’Donoghoes.
ceiving wounds, which died.
Malachy O'Gormley, chief Kinel Moain (in Donegal), died.
The sons Ualgarg O'Rourke, Donal, Hugh,
Greine, the three Danan kings; also Lughaidh Lamhfada, Eogan Beul, king Connaught the sixth century, who was
Daghda, and Midir, three other celebrated kings of the Damans; several Milesian kings and queens, as Ugaine Mor, or Hugony the Great, who was monarch of Ireland more than three cen turies before the Christian era; his daughter, the princess Muirease; Cobhthach Caol, monarch of Ireland, and son of Hu gony ; Breas, Nar, and Lothar, the three sons of Eochaidh Feidhleach, monarch of Ireland, a short time before the Christian era, and also his three daughters, namely, Meava, the famous queen of Connaught, Deirbhre, and Clothra; also Eochaidh Aireamh, monarch of Ireland, and brother of Eochaidh Feidh leach; the sons of Feidhlimidh Reachtmar, or Felimy the Law giver, who was monarch of Ireland in the second century, and other kings, the descendants of Con Cead Cathach, with the exception of Art, monarch of Ireland, who was buried at Trevet, in Meath, and his son Cormac, the famous monarch of Ireland, in the third century, who was buried at Ros-na-Riogh, now Ros naree, near Slane in Meath; and according to the Book of Bally mote, at folio 142, it is stated that Cormac, who it appears had some knowledge of Christianity, gave orders that he should not be buried at Brugh Boine, which was the cemetery of the pagan kings, but at Ros-na-Riogh, and that his face should be towards the rising sun. Brugh Boine, the town or fortress of the Boyne, was also a great cemetery of the pagan kings of Ireland, and
mortally wounded the battle Sligeach Sligo, fought with the people Ulster, gave directions that he should buried with his red javelin his hand, and his face towards Ulster,
defiance his enemies; but the Clanna Neill, from Ulster, came with strong force and raised the body the king, and buried near Lough Gill, with the face downwards, that might not the cause making them fly before the Conacians. Near Lough Gill, Sligo, are two great cairns still remaining, which place was probably ancient cemetery some the kings Con naught. After the introduction Christianity the kings and chiefs were buried the abbeys, churches, and cathedrals; for instance, the monarch Brian Boroimhe, who was killed Clon tarf, was buried the cathedral Armagh. The kings Con naught the Christian times were interred the abbeys
Clonmacnois, Cong, Knockmoy, Roscommon, &c. There are still some remains Reilig-na-Riogh Cruachan, consisting circular area about two hundred feet diameter, surrounded with someremains an ancient stone ditch, and the interior are heaps rude stones piled upon each other, stated Weld's Survey Roscominon.
Dun Aengus, the fortress Aengus, erected the largest the Arran islands off the coast Galway, and situated
tremendous cliff overhanging the sea, consists stone work immense strength, Cyclopean architecture, composed large stones without cement: circular form, and capable con
according to some antiquaries, was situated near Trim, but ac
cording to others, more probably, at the place now called Stack
allen, between Navan and Slane, in Meath. In various parts of taining within its area two hundred cows. According O'Fla
the ancient kingdom of Meath, in the counties of Meath, West herty, his Ogygia (W. II. 20. ), was erected by Aengus and meath, and Dublin, are many sepulchral mounds, usually called Conchobhar, two the Firboig kings Connaught, about cen
tury before the Christian era, and was also called the Dun of Comcovar.
pagan times; there are several of these mounds of great size,
particularly along the banks of the Boyne, between Drogheda and
Slane, and one of them, at Newgrange, is of immense extent,
covering an area of two acres, and about eighty feet in height,
and was surrounded by a circle of huge stones standing upright,
many of which still remain. The interior of this mound is formed
of a vast heap of stones of various sizes, and a passage, vaulted
over with great flags, leads to the interior, where there is a large
chamber or dome, and in it have been found sepulchral urns, and
remains of human bones. Cairns, or huge heaps of stones, many
of which still remain on hills and mountains in various parts of
Ireland, were also in pagan times erected as sepulchres over kings
and chiefs. In the Books of Armagh and Ballymote, and other Gauls, ancient inhabitants France and Belgium. Scythian
ancient records, are given some curious accounts of the customs used in the interment of the ancient kings and chiefs. Laoghaire,
monarch of Ireland in the fifth century, was buried in the ram part or rath called Rath Laoghaire, at Tara, with his military
weapons and armour on him, his face turned southwards, as it were bidding defiance to his enemies, the men of Leinster; and
moats, of a circular form, and having the appearance of hillocks;
these are the sepulchres of kings, queens, and warriors, of the
The Milesians are constantly mentioned these notes, that short account their colony may The Firbolgs, already explained, were conquered
the colony Tuath De Danan, who ruled over Ireland about two centuries, according our annalists. The Milesians, according Keating, O'Flaherty, and the old annalists, were originally colony from
Scythia, near the Euxine and Caspian seas, the borders Europe and Asia, about the country now called the Crimea. These Scythians, called by the Roman writers Celto-Scythae, were the most ancient inhabitants Europe after the deluge, and de scended from Japhet. The Celts peopled the greater part Europe those early ages, and the chief nation them were the
chief named Niul, the son one Feniusa Fearsa, having settled Scota, daughter Pharaoh, king
the kings Scythia named Egypt, married the princess Egypt, who was drowned the Red Sea. Niul had son called Gaodhal; hence his de
scendants are called Gadelians Gaels. These Gadelians being afterwards expelled from Egypt, sailed back Scythia, under
the course necessary.
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124 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1340.
Gilcreest, and Roderick, went on a predatory ex vach, son of Manus, son of Murtogh Muinach, cursion against Cathal, son of Hugh Brefnach together with many others; and that was the first (O'Conor), whom they plundered, and on the conflict between the people of O’Rourke and the same day they slew Conor, son of Donogh Ria Clan of Murtogh Muinach (O'Conor). Cathal,
the conduct of their chief Eiber Scut or Eber the Scythian ; hence they got the name Cineadh Scut, that the race the Scyths Scythians, and this name was latinised Scoti, and anglicised Scots, which signify Scythians. The Gade lians Scythians, again emigrated from Scythia, and having sailed through the Euxine Black Sea, and the Egean Ar chipelago, entered the sea now called the Mediterranean, which named by the Irish writers Muir Toirrian, and made settlements
Ireland, the beginning the third century, under
prince named Cairbre Riada, settled that part North
which was called the Irish Alba and Atbain, and Romans Caledonia, and conquered the Picts and Caledonians, they became kings the country, and gave the name Scotia
Scotland, and from the ancient Scottish kings Irish Milesian race were descended the kings Scotland and the royal house Stewart. Besides those already enumerated, Ireland men
tioned under various names; the Greeks was called Ierne, signifying the sacred Isle, was great seat Druidism, the Romans Hibernia, and by Plutarch Ogygia, which signifies the ancient land; the Christian times got the name Insula Sanctorum the Island Saints.
The Firbolgs having assisted the Milesians against the Danans,
were restored great measure their former possessions,and
were located chiefly Connaught, which was ruled over for many centuries Firbolg kings. According Charles O'Connor,
his Dissertations, the Cruithnidh Picts were early times set tled Moy Naoi Magh-Aoi, territory which comprised the central parts Roscommon, and were probably some the
thecoast Africa, according O'Flaherty,
try near ancient Carthage, and from thence sent Spain, who, landing there, defeated the race
Getulia, coun
colony Iberia Tubal, son
Japhet, who then inhabited that country. The Gadelians formed settlements that part ancient Spain called Celtiberia, and carried wars long time with the natives, under one their celebrated chiefs named Breogan, from whom the Gadelians Milesians got the name Clanna Breogain, which people some writers state the same the Brigantes. descendant Breogain named Gollamh, became king Spain, and being famous warrior, got the name Milidh Easpaine, which signi fies the Spanish hero, name latinised Milesius, and his posterity
valley the sea shore near Tralee. The commanders the
Milesians were Heber, Heremon, and Ir, the sons Milesius,
together with many other chiefs, who proceeded with their forces
towards Tara, and another great battle fought Tailten
Meath, totally defeated the Danans, and became masters Ire Cait reigned from A. D. 95. About thirty years after the land. The island was divided between Heber, Heremon and Ir, first insurrection the Firbolgs, second revolt took place, and another brother named Amergin, was appointed chief
bard. The period the arrival the Milesians Ireland placed by our ancient chronologists about thousand years before the Christian era. The descendants Heremon, the Heremo nians, divided into various branches, became the kings and chiefs
almost the whole the ancient kingdoms Meath, Ulster, Leinster and Connaught. The race Heber Fionn, Heber the Fair, called Heberians, became the kings and chiefs Munster,
which, assisted the people Ulster the Clanna Rory, the Heremonians were defeated great battle, and the monarch Fiacha Finioladh was slain, A. D. 126, and Elim, king, Ulster the race was made monarch. The Firbolgs engaged
these rebellions are called the ancient annalists Athach Tuatha, signifying according Dr. O'Connor the giant race, according O'Reilly, his Dictionary, the plebeians. This word has been anglicised into Attacots, and the revolts the Firbolgs are called different writers the Attacotic wars. - Tuathal Teachtmar, Tuathal the Acceptable, son the monarch
Fiacha Finnodhla, was forced fly from the kingdom North Britain, but returned A. D. 130, and regained the kingdom from
the Firbolgs. Tuathal celebrated one the greatest the Irish monarchs for his wisdom and valour. On his return Ireland, landed Iorras Domhan, now Erris Mayo, and, collecting
bis forces, defeated the Firbolgs many battles Connaught,
Ith, uncle Milesius, called Ithians,
but some also the race
became kings and chiefs
Heber were also monarchs
furnished far the greater number the monarchs
The race Ir, called Clanna Rudhraidh, from Rudhraidh, one
their ancestors, who was king Ulster early times, were
chiefly settled Ulster, which province they were kings for
many centuries, and several them also monarchs Ireland.
The Irians Clanna Rory, are mentioned O'Connor and va
rious writers, under the name Rudricians, and they continued
kings Ulster the fourth and fifth centuries, when they were conquered by the Heremonians, explained the notes Tir Eogain, Tir Conaill and Orgiall. may observed here, that the colonies Firbolgs, Danans and Milesians, were all originally Scythians Celto-Scythians, and all spoke dialects the same language, namely, the Celtic, which was also the lan guage the ancient Gauls and Britons. From the Milesians, called also Scoti Scots, above explained, Ireland got the name Scotia; and when colony the Milesian Scots from
Munster, and several Ireland but the race
the race Heremon
Ireland.
Firbolgs, having formed conspiracy invited the Milesian kings and chiefs
those Dumha Sealga, Magh-Ai, plain
the battle Orbsen near Lough Corrib Amergin the chief the Firbolgs was slain
Umhall, now the barony Aichle, now Croagh Patrick,
Brefney, now Fenagh others, having according
eighty-five battles for the recovery the crown. The battle Magh Cruimhe, Lughaidh Mac Con, valiant prince the
race Ith, having been expelled from Munster by Oilioll Olum, who became king Munster, and being banished
the battles Marrisk, Ceara, and Cruachan Mayo; and Magh Sleaght the county Leitrim, and many the old annalists fought altogether
Roscommon; also Galway, which
Irish Britain the
were called Clanna Mileadh,
Milesius having gone Egypt
Scota, daughter the king
sent force under Ith, son
valiant warrior, Eire Ireland, but was killed the Tuath
Danans. After the death Milesius, his sons having fitted out powerful fleet and large force for the invasion Ireland, and setting sail from the tower Brigantia, which was erected by Breogain near Corunna Cantabria, landed Inver Sceine, now the bay Kenmare the county Kerry, and the Tuath
Danans having collected their forces oppose them, great battle was fought between them Slieve Mis Mountain Kerry, where the Danans were defeated; but Scota, the widow Milesius, was killed while commanding the engagement, and was buried
term anglicised Milesians. This military commander, married
colony Picts from North Britain, who had settled Ulster,
Egypt. The Milesians Spain Breogain and uncle Milesius,
the present counties Down and Antrim, Dalaradia. Geaman, one the earliest Connaught. Meara, the celebrated queen
explained the note the Firbolg kings, had Connaught already
mentioned,was married Oilioll Fionn, king the Damnonian Firbolg race, and after she had reigned over Connaught for ninety eight years, died the one-hundred-and-twentieth year
her age, about the beginning the Christian era, stated O'Flaherty's Ogygia (v. 156. )
the first century the seize the monarchy, great assembly and feast Connaught, and having massacred vast number the chiefs, they seized upon the sovereignty, and set one their own
race monarch Ireland, named Cairbre Ceann Cait, Carbry Cat Head, called, said, from his ears resembling those cat. The place where the Milesian chiefs were mas sacred was called Magh Cru, signifying the field blood, and supposed have been near Lough Con Mayo. Cairbre Ceann
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REIGN OF EDWARD III. J 25
Britain, projected invasion Ireland, and, assisted by the Bri tons and other foreign auxiliaries under the command Beine
son of Hugh Brefnach, went in pursuit of
plundered property, and overtook the sons
Ualgarg O’Rourke, which fierce engagement
ensued, which Donal O’Rourke, one the the defeat their people. Teige, son Rode
Briot, Beine the Briton, who was one
the most famous warriors Wales, landed powerful Ireland, aided Oilioli
means stone
name Oilfinn
limpid water.
till his own time, 1675, when fell, the 9th October, and the well was inclosed, attended with some remarkable cir cumstances, which O'Flaherty gives curious account.
of that age, and son the king
army Galway. Art, monarch
Olum, king Munster, who was his brother-in-law, and by Forga, king Connaught, collected their forces, and fought great battle, long celebrated the Irish annalists most fierce and bloody, which the foreigners were length victorious.
Connaught, the seventh century, described follows,
Alfred, Mayo, and
these An
this battle the monarch Art was slain, together with Forga, king Connaught, and also seven out the nineteen sons Oilioll Olum, who were commanders that engagement. After this victory Lughaidh Mac Con becamemonarch Ireland. The battle Moycruimhe Mucron, was fought 250, accord ing O'Flaherty, near Athenry, about eight miles from Galway. The head king Art was cut off after the battle, near brook pool, which from that circumstance was called Turloch Airt, name which O'Flaherty says retained
the poem called the Itinerary Ireland, composed king Northumberland, who had been educated translation this poem was made the translator nals, from which taken the following passage:
“I found Conacht, famed for justice, Affluence, milk abundance, Hospitality, lasting vigour, fame,
this territory Cruachan heroes. ”
Connaught, and afterwards monarch
Ireland from A. 206, Murroch the Patriot,
327. Muireadhach Tireach, son king Fiach, succeded king
Connaught, and was also monarch Ireland, from A. D. 331 A. D. 357. Eochaidh Muigh
meadhoin, son Muireadhach Tireach, became king naught, and was also monarch Ireland from
A. D. :566.
Con 358
Saint Patrick, the course his mission Connaught, already stated the note Brefney, and given life Jocelin the monk, and the tripartite life Colgan, quoted O'Flaherty's Ogygia, having thrown down the temple the
Moysleacht Brefney, now Fenagh Leitrim,
Druids
which occasion destroyed the great idol called Crom Cruach, worshipped deity the Druids, and which was made
large pillar stone, having head formed gold and silver, and surrounded with twelve inferior brazen idols, crossed the Shan
non, and proceeding onwards into Connaught, came near the royal palace Cruachan, where met the two princesses, Ethne and Feidhlimina, daughters Laoghaire, then monarch Ireland,
O'Flaherty's pp.