PAGB
Arbuthnot's early life and scientific work.
Arbuthnot's early life and scientific work.
Cambridge History of English Literature - 1908 - v09
R.
Waller.
Publisher: Cambridge, The University Press, 1908-1927.
Copyright:
Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized
http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
We have determined this work to be in the public domain in the United
States of America. It may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Copies are provided as a preservation service. Particularly outside of the
United States, persons receiving copies should make appropriate efforts to
determine the copyright status of the work in their country and use the
work accordingly. It is possible that current copyright holders, heirs or
the estate of the authors of individual portions of the work, such as
illustrations or photographs, assert copyrights over these portions.
Depending on the nature of subsequent use that is made, additional rights
may need to be obtained independently of anything we can address. The
digital images and OCR of this work were produced by Google, Inc.
(indicated by a watermark on each page in the PageTurner). Google requests
that the images and OCR not be re-hosted, redistributed or used
commercially. The images are provided for educational, scholarly,
non-commercial purposes.
Find this book online: https://hdl. handle. net/2027/umn. 319510009922232
This file has been created from the computer-extracted text of scanned page
images. Computer-extracted text may have errors, such as misspellings,
unusual characters, odd spacing and line breaks.
Original from: University of Minnesota
Digitized by: Google
Generated at University of Chicago on 2022-12-31 14:38 GMT
## p. (#1) ##################################################
## p. (#2) ##################################################
LVERS
TY OF
ICIANS
COMKE WIRUL
OF MIN
AKTUS
THE LIBRARY
REFERENCE DEPARTMENT
## p. (#3) ##################################################
## p. (#4) ##################################################
## p. (#5) ##################################################
## p. (#6) ##################################################
## p. i (#7) ################################################
THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY
OF
ENGLISH LITERATURE
VOLUME IX
FROM STEELE AND ADDISON
TO POPE AND SWIFT
1
## p. ii (#8) ###############################################
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
C. F. CLAY, MANAGER
London: FETTER LANE, E. C.
Edinburgh: 100, PRINCES STREET
Paris : THE GALIGNANI LIBRARY
Berlin: A. ASHER AND CO.
Bombay and Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO. , LTD
Copyrighted in the United States of America by
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS,
2, 4 AND 6, WEST 45TH STREET, NEW YORK CITY
All rights reserved
## p. iii (#9) ##############################################
THE
CAMBRIDGE HISTORY
OF
ENGLISH LITERATURE
EDITED BY
A. W. WARD, Litt. D. , P. B. A. , Master of Peterhouse
AND
A. R. WALLER, M. A. , Peterhouse
VOLUME IX
FROM STEELE AND ADDISON
TO POPE AND SWIFT
HINC LVCEM
PROCUL A ISACRE
ALMA
MATERI
CANTA
BRIGIA
CAMBRIDGE:
at the University Press
1912
## p. iv (#10) ##############################################
Cambridge:
PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M. A.
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS
## p. v (#11) ###############################################
PREFATORY NOTE
THE present volume, we hope, will shortly be followed by the
tenth, dealing with the age of Johnson. As the canvas
grows more crowded, we must ask our readers to take note
that the grouping of writers, on the principles which we have
endeavoured to follow in this work, makes it impossible, even
were it desirable, to maintain a strict chronological order as to
the inclusion of particular names in particular volumes. Thus, in
the present volume, notices of several divines, and, again, of several
dramatists, together with the mention of other names, have had to
D
be reserved for its successor.
Mr H. G. Aldis has been good enough to contribute to this
volume a full and retrospective bibliography of Scottish literature,
from the beginning of the seventeenth century onwards, which,
though covering wider ground than the chapter to which it is
attached, will
, we believe, be welcome to students. We have also
to thank Mr A. T. Bartholomew for much bibliographical and
other assistance, and Mr J. B. Williams for some valuable notes
on the history of English journalism.
A. W. W.
A. R. W.
September 1912
h
1538923
## p. vi (#12) ##############################################
## p. vii (#13) #############################################
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
DEFOE-THE NEWSPAPER AND THE NOVEL
PAGE
By W. P. TRENT, LL. D. , D. C. L. , Professor of English
Literature in Columbia University, New York
Beginnings of the English Newspaper. The Oxford, afterwards
The London, Gazette. Roger L'Estrange. His activity as a
pamphleteer before and after the Restoration. The Observator.
L'Estrange's late troubles and literary work. Henry Care. John
Dunton. The Flying Post and The Post Boy. John Tutchin.
Defoo's early and business life. An Essay upon Projects. The
True-Born Englishman. The Shortest Way with the Dissenters.
Defoe in the pillory. The Review. Defoe and Harley. Mercator
and commercial pamphlets. The Secret History of the White Staff
and An Appeal to Honour and Justice. Discreditable later tracts.
Defoe's evolution as a Novelist. Robinson Crusoe and its sequel.
Miscellaneous later writings. Life and Adventures of Mr Duncan
Campbell. A Journal of the Plague Year. Captain Singleton.
Moll Flanders. Colonel Jacque. Roxana. Memoirs of Captain
George Carleton. The Complete English Tradesman. Defoe's
last years. His posthumous reputation
1
Berland
CHAPTER II
STEELE AND ADDISON
By HAROLD ROUTH, M. A. , Peterhouse, Lecturer in English
,
Literature in the Goldsmiths' College, University of
London
The New Civilization in England and London. Steele's Christian
Hero. His Comedies. Influence of the Coffeehouses. Literature
and Clubland. Beginnings of The Tatler. The Lucubrations of
Isaac Bickerstaff. The Tatler on Middle-class Life and Women.
The 'Short Story' in germ. Varied topics. Collaboration of
Addison. His early Classical Training. The Campaign. Character
of his contributions to The Tatler. His style as an Essay-writer.
The Spectator and its Character-types. The Coverly Group.
The Spectator and The Tatler compared. The Spectator's
Correspondence. Its Literary Criticism: Addison on Paradise
Lost, and on the Pleasures of the Imagination. Addison on
Religion. Cato. The Guardian. Steele's last Comedy. Steele,
Addison and the Essay
26
## p. viii (#14) ############################################
viii
Contents
CHAPTER III
POPE
By EDWARD BENSLY, M. A. , Trinity College, Professor of
Latin, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth
PAGE
Pope's Literary Consciousness, and his attitude towards Contemporary
Literature. His early Life and Studies. His literary beginnings.
Pastorals. Windsor Forest. Messiah. An Essay on Criticism.
The Rape of the Lock. Eloisa to Abelard. Elegy to the Memory
of an Unfortunate Lady. Epistles. Pope's Workmanship and
Style. His Homer. His edition of Shakespeare. Pope's literary
success and quarrels. The Dunciad. Influence of Bolingbroke.
Moral Essays. An Essay on Man. Imitations of Horace. Other
Satires. The new Dunciad and Colley Cibber. Influence of
Warburton. Pope's Genius and Influence upon Literature
66
CHAPTER IV
SWIFT
By GEORGE ATHERTON AITKEN, M. V. O.
Swift's parentage and descent. Residences with Sir William Temple.
Esther Johnson (Stella). The Phalaris Controversy. Swift Vicar
of Laracor. Swift in London. Association with Addison and the
Whigs. Intimacy with Harley and St John. Swift and The
Examiner. The Conduct of the Allies and Some Remarks on the
Barrier Treaty. The Brothers' Club. Swift retires to Dublin.
Stella and Vanessa. Irish Politics. Swift's Irish popularity. His
despondency and death. His chief Satires: A Tale of a Tub;
The Battle of the Books; Gulliver's Travels. Inception,
contributory sources and original features of Gulliver. Genteel
Conversation, Directions to Servants, Argument against abolish-
ing Christianity, and other Pamphlets. Swift's Religions and
Political Writings. Pamphlets on Irish affairs: Drapier's Letters.
Swift's Verse. Baucis and Philemon; The Grand Question
Debated; Cadenus and Vanessa. Later savage Satirical Verse:
The Legion Club. Swift On the Death of Dr Swift. The Journal
to Stella. Character of Swift's life and work. Swift a Master of
Style and of Satire. What he lacks
91
## p. ix (#15) ##############################################
Contents
ix
CHAPTER V
ARBUTHNOT AND LESSER PROSE WRITERS
By G. A. AITKEN, M. V. O.
PAGB
Arbuthnot's early life and scientific work. His association with Harley
and the Court of Queen Anne. His Tory pamphlets : The History
of John Bull series; The Art of Political Lying. Arbuthnot,
the Tory Wits, and The Memoirs of Scriblerus. His pamphlets
after the crisis. Critical estimate of bis political writings. His
other works. William King. Literary criticism of the age :
Rymer; Langbaine; Gildon. John Dennis. Colley Cibber's
Apology. Hughes; Rowe; Edwards; Heath; Upton ; Zachary
Grey
129
.
CHAPTER VI
LESSER VERSE WRITERS
I
By THOMAS SECCOMBE, M. A. , Balliol College, Oxford
Prior's personal and literary beginnings. The Country and the City
Mouse. His early official Life and Verse: Carmen Seculare.
Prior under Queen Anne. His last years. His lyrical verse :
Henry and Emma. Alma. Solomon. His light Satirical Verse
and its excellence. His Versification. His productions in Prose :
Essays, and Dialogues of the Dead. John Gay and his early
literary efforts. Rural Sports; The Shepherd's Week; The
What D'ye Call it; Trivia. Gay and the Queensberrys. The
Beggar's Opera and Polly. Gay's love of ease. His Friends.
Ambrose Philips and his Pastorals. His ‘Namby-Pamby' poems.
Thomas Parnell. His Homeric Scholarship. The Hermit. Lady
Winchilsea. John Pomfret. Thomas Tickell. His attachment to
Addison
146
II
9
By GEORGE SAINTSBURY, LL. D. , D. Litt. , F. B. A. , á Merton
College, Oxford, Professor of Rhetoric and English
Literature in the University of Edinburgh
Minor Versifiers of the Age. Younger Contemporaries of Dryden:
George Granville (Lord Lansdowne); William Walsh. Duke,
Stepney, Yalden and William King. Older contemporaries of
Pope: Isaac Watts and his ‘Hymns. ' Sir Samuel Garth. The
Dispensary: significance of its Versification and Diction. Sir
Richard Blackmore: Creation. The Spectator Group: John
Philips; Broome and Fenton; Edmund ('Rag') Smith; Hughes.
Henry Brooke's poetry. David Mallet. Richard Savage. Stephen
Duck. Aaron Hill. Other Lesser Verse Writers of the Age.
Robert Dodeley and his Collection
173
## p. x (#16) ###############################################
X
Contents
CHAPTER VII
HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL WRITERS
I.
BURNET
By A. W. WARD, Litt. D. , P. B. A. , Master of Peterhouse
PAGE
Burnet's Historical and Political Writings during his residence in
Scotland. Thoughts on Education. Memoires of the Hamiltons.
Burnet in London. The History of the Reformation of the
Church of England. Attacks upon it and Replies. The Life
and Death of Sir Matthew Hale. Burnet in Exile. Beginnings
of Memoirs; and various Political Pamphlets. A Memorial for
the Electress Sophia. The History of My Own Time and its
genesis. Characteristics of the Work. Its pervading Purpose.
Historians Contemporary with Burnet: Strype. Jeremy Collier.
His Ecclesiastical History of Great Britain. Neal's History of
the Puritans. Letters to Sir Joseph Williamson. Memoirs of
James II. Andrew Fletcher of Saltoun. His Political Career
and Discourses
192
CHAPTER VIII
HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL WRITERS
II. BOLINGBROKE
By A. W. WARD, Litt. D. , P. B. A.
Henry St John's Earlier Life and Letters. His Contributions to The
Examiner. A Letter to Sir William Wyndham. Bolingbroke
in France. His political activity after his return home. The
Craftsman and its Contributors. Bolingbroke's Remarks upon
the History of England; Dissertation upon Parties ; Letters
on the Study and Use of History; Letter on the Spirit of
Patriotism; Idea of a Patriot King. His last Political Pamphlets.
Qualities of his Style. Historical and Political Writers con-
temporary with Bolingbroke: White Kennett; Echard; Rapin;
Lediard; Tindal; Boyer; Oldmixon. Roger North’s Lives of the
Norths. Merits of these Biographies
216
CHAPTER IX
MEMOIR-WRITERS, 1715-60
By THOMAS SECCOMBE, M. A.
English Society under the First Two Georges. Lady Mary Wortley
Montagu. The Story of her Life. Her Turkish Letters. Her
other writings in Verse and Prose. Lady Cowper's Diary.
Correspondence of Lady Suffolk. Lord Hervey and Lady Mary.
His Political Career. His Memoirs and their Character. Memoirs
of Lord Waldegrave and Melcombe (George Bubb Dodington)
243
## p. xi (#17) ##############################################
Contents
xi
CHAPTER X
WRITERS OF BURLESQUE AND TRANSLATORS
By CHARLES WHIBLEY, M. A. , Hon. Fellow of
Jesus College
PAGE
The Underworld of Letters and its Vagabond Inhabitants. Their
love of Burlesque and Indebtedness to Scarron. His Imitators in
France and in England. Charles Cotton's, Monsey's and John
Phillips's Travesties of Vergil, Scudamore's of Homer and Alexander
Radcliffe's of Ovid. Hudibras and Hudibrastic Verse. Ned
Ward's Hudibras Redivivus, Vulgus Britannicus and London
Spy. Tom Brown's Amusements for the Meridian of London.
The New Art of Translation Versions of Petronius. John
Phillips's Literary Career. His Don Quixote. Motteux and his
Translation of Rabelais. Roger L'Estrange as a Translator.
His Selection of Originals. His Aesop. Charles Cotton and his
Montaigne. John Stevens and his Services to English knowledge
of Spanish Literature
255
CHAPTER XI
BERKELEY AND CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY
By W. R. SORLEY, Litt. D. , F. B. A. , Fellow of King's College,
Knightbridge Professor of Moral Philosophy
English Thought in the Period after the Death of Locke. I. Meta-
physicians: Berkeley's Life and Authorship before and after his
sojourn in America. Alciphron, or the Minute Philosopher.
Essay towards a New Theory of Vision. The Merits of the Essay
as a work of Psychological Analysis. Treatise concerning the
Principles of Human Knowledge. Berkeley's Idealism. His
place in the History of Thought. His Common-place Book.
Arthur Collier. II. Deists. The Deistical Controversy in English
Theology. Charles Blount. Charles Leslie as Champion of
Orthodoxy. Toland's Christianity not Mysterious. His Literary
Career and Philosophical Development: Letters to Serena ;
Pantheisticon. Anthony Collins's Discourse of Free-thinking.
Tindals Christianity as old as the Creation. Other Deistical
Writers: Woolston; Chubb; Morgan; Henry Dodwell the younger.
Influence of Deism. Bolingbroke. Whiston's Primitive Chris-
tianity Revived. Opponents of the Deists: William Warburton.
III. Moralists. Samuel Clarke and Rational Ethics. Shaftesbury;
his Characteristics of Men and Manners. Hutcheson. Mandeville's
Fable of the Bees. Bishop Butler's Fifteen Sermons and Analogy.
Exhaustiveness of Butler's Reasonings
279
## p. xii (#18) #############################################
xii
Contents
CHAPTER XII
WILLIAM LAW AND THE MYSTICS
By CAROLINE F. E. SPURGEON, Dr of the University
of Paris, Fellow of King's College for Women and
Lecturer in English Literature at Bedford College,
University of London
PAGE
6
Undercurrent of Mystical Thought in England in the Earlier Half of
the Eighteenth Century. Mysticism in the Seventeenth Century.
*Children of Light' in Holland. The Behmenites' and the
Founders of the Society of Friends. Life and Writings of William
Law. Law's Controversial Writings against Hoadly, Mandeville
and Tindal. Christian Perfection and A Serious Call. Influence
of Malebranche, the earlier German Mystics and the Seventeenth
Century Quietists upon Law. Jacob Boehme and the Essence of
his Mysticism. Boehme and Law. An Appeal to all who Doubt
and The Way to Divine Knowledge. Character of Law's Prose:
Law and Mandeville; The Spirit of Prayer; A Serious Call.
Law's Followers: John Byrom; Henry Brooke. Later influence
of Boehme on English Thought .
305
.
CHAPTER XIII
SCHOLARS AND ANTIQUARIES
I. BENTLEY AND CLASSICAL SCHOLARSHIP
By JAMES DUFF DUFF, M. A. , Fellow and Lecturer in
Classics of Trinity College
Learning in England at the Time of Bentley's Birth: Pearson; Fell;
William Lloyd; Henry Dodwell; John Moore. Bentley's Earlier
Life and Labours.
Publisher: Cambridge, The University Press, 1908-1927.
Copyright:
Public Domain in the United States, Google-digitized
http://www. hathitrust. org/access_use#pd-us-google
We have determined this work to be in the public domain in the United
States of America. It may not be in the public domain in other countries.
Copies are provided as a preservation service. Particularly outside of the
United States, persons receiving copies should make appropriate efforts to
determine the copyright status of the work in their country and use the
work accordingly. It is possible that current copyright holders, heirs or
the estate of the authors of individual portions of the work, such as
illustrations or photographs, assert copyrights over these portions.
Depending on the nature of subsequent use that is made, additional rights
may need to be obtained independently of anything we can address. The
digital images and OCR of this work were produced by Google, Inc.
(indicated by a watermark on each page in the PageTurner). Google requests
that the images and OCR not be re-hosted, redistributed or used
commercially. The images are provided for educational, scholarly,
non-commercial purposes.
Find this book online: https://hdl. handle. net/2027/umn. 319510009922232
This file has been created from the computer-extracted text of scanned page
images. Computer-extracted text may have errors, such as misspellings,
unusual characters, odd spacing and line breaks.
Original from: University of Minnesota
Digitized by: Google
Generated at University of Chicago on 2022-12-31 14:38 GMT
## p. (#1) ##################################################
## p. (#2) ##################################################
LVERS
TY OF
ICIANS
COMKE WIRUL
OF MIN
AKTUS
THE LIBRARY
REFERENCE DEPARTMENT
## p. (#3) ##################################################
## p. (#4) ##################################################
## p. (#5) ##################################################
## p. (#6) ##################################################
## p. i (#7) ################################################
THE CAMBRIDGE HISTORY
OF
ENGLISH LITERATURE
VOLUME IX
FROM STEELE AND ADDISON
TO POPE AND SWIFT
1
## p. ii (#8) ###############################################
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
C. F. CLAY, MANAGER
London: FETTER LANE, E. C.
Edinburgh: 100, PRINCES STREET
Paris : THE GALIGNANI LIBRARY
Berlin: A. ASHER AND CO.
Bombay and Calcutta: MACMILLAN AND CO. , LTD
Copyrighted in the United States of America by
G. P. PUTNAM'S SONS,
2, 4 AND 6, WEST 45TH STREET, NEW YORK CITY
All rights reserved
## p. iii (#9) ##############################################
THE
CAMBRIDGE HISTORY
OF
ENGLISH LITERATURE
EDITED BY
A. W. WARD, Litt. D. , P. B. A. , Master of Peterhouse
AND
A. R. WALLER, M. A. , Peterhouse
VOLUME IX
FROM STEELE AND ADDISON
TO POPE AND SWIFT
HINC LVCEM
PROCUL A ISACRE
ALMA
MATERI
CANTA
BRIGIA
CAMBRIDGE:
at the University Press
1912
## p. iv (#10) ##############################################
Cambridge:
PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M. A.
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS
## p. v (#11) ###############################################
PREFATORY NOTE
THE present volume, we hope, will shortly be followed by the
tenth, dealing with the age of Johnson. As the canvas
grows more crowded, we must ask our readers to take note
that the grouping of writers, on the principles which we have
endeavoured to follow in this work, makes it impossible, even
were it desirable, to maintain a strict chronological order as to
the inclusion of particular names in particular volumes. Thus, in
the present volume, notices of several divines, and, again, of several
dramatists, together with the mention of other names, have had to
D
be reserved for its successor.
Mr H. G. Aldis has been good enough to contribute to this
volume a full and retrospective bibliography of Scottish literature,
from the beginning of the seventeenth century onwards, which,
though covering wider ground than the chapter to which it is
attached, will
, we believe, be welcome to students. We have also
to thank Mr A. T. Bartholomew for much bibliographical and
other assistance, and Mr J. B. Williams for some valuable notes
on the history of English journalism.
A. W. W.
A. R. W.
September 1912
h
1538923
## p. vi (#12) ##############################################
## p. vii (#13) #############################################
CONTENTS
CHAPTER I
DEFOE-THE NEWSPAPER AND THE NOVEL
PAGE
By W. P. TRENT, LL. D. , D. C. L. , Professor of English
Literature in Columbia University, New York
Beginnings of the English Newspaper. The Oxford, afterwards
The London, Gazette. Roger L'Estrange. His activity as a
pamphleteer before and after the Restoration. The Observator.
L'Estrange's late troubles and literary work. Henry Care. John
Dunton. The Flying Post and The Post Boy. John Tutchin.
Defoo's early and business life. An Essay upon Projects. The
True-Born Englishman. The Shortest Way with the Dissenters.
Defoe in the pillory. The Review. Defoe and Harley. Mercator
and commercial pamphlets. The Secret History of the White Staff
and An Appeal to Honour and Justice. Discreditable later tracts.
Defoe's evolution as a Novelist. Robinson Crusoe and its sequel.
Miscellaneous later writings. Life and Adventures of Mr Duncan
Campbell. A Journal of the Plague Year. Captain Singleton.
Moll Flanders. Colonel Jacque. Roxana. Memoirs of Captain
George Carleton. The Complete English Tradesman. Defoe's
last years. His posthumous reputation
1
Berland
CHAPTER II
STEELE AND ADDISON
By HAROLD ROUTH, M. A. , Peterhouse, Lecturer in English
,
Literature in the Goldsmiths' College, University of
London
The New Civilization in England and London. Steele's Christian
Hero. His Comedies. Influence of the Coffeehouses. Literature
and Clubland. Beginnings of The Tatler. The Lucubrations of
Isaac Bickerstaff. The Tatler on Middle-class Life and Women.
The 'Short Story' in germ. Varied topics. Collaboration of
Addison. His early Classical Training. The Campaign. Character
of his contributions to The Tatler. His style as an Essay-writer.
The Spectator and its Character-types. The Coverly Group.
The Spectator and The Tatler compared. The Spectator's
Correspondence. Its Literary Criticism: Addison on Paradise
Lost, and on the Pleasures of the Imagination. Addison on
Religion. Cato. The Guardian. Steele's last Comedy. Steele,
Addison and the Essay
26
## p. viii (#14) ############################################
viii
Contents
CHAPTER III
POPE
By EDWARD BENSLY, M. A. , Trinity College, Professor of
Latin, University College of Wales, Aberystwyth
PAGE
Pope's Literary Consciousness, and his attitude towards Contemporary
Literature. His early Life and Studies. His literary beginnings.
Pastorals. Windsor Forest. Messiah. An Essay on Criticism.
The Rape of the Lock. Eloisa to Abelard. Elegy to the Memory
of an Unfortunate Lady. Epistles. Pope's Workmanship and
Style. His Homer. His edition of Shakespeare. Pope's literary
success and quarrels. The Dunciad. Influence of Bolingbroke.
Moral Essays. An Essay on Man. Imitations of Horace. Other
Satires. The new Dunciad and Colley Cibber. Influence of
Warburton. Pope's Genius and Influence upon Literature
66
CHAPTER IV
SWIFT
By GEORGE ATHERTON AITKEN, M. V. O.
Swift's parentage and descent. Residences with Sir William Temple.
Esther Johnson (Stella). The Phalaris Controversy. Swift Vicar
of Laracor. Swift in London. Association with Addison and the
Whigs. Intimacy with Harley and St John. Swift and The
Examiner. The Conduct of the Allies and Some Remarks on the
Barrier Treaty. The Brothers' Club. Swift retires to Dublin.
Stella and Vanessa. Irish Politics. Swift's Irish popularity. His
despondency and death. His chief Satires: A Tale of a Tub;
The Battle of the Books; Gulliver's Travels. Inception,
contributory sources and original features of Gulliver. Genteel
Conversation, Directions to Servants, Argument against abolish-
ing Christianity, and other Pamphlets. Swift's Religions and
Political Writings. Pamphlets on Irish affairs: Drapier's Letters.
Swift's Verse. Baucis and Philemon; The Grand Question
Debated; Cadenus and Vanessa. Later savage Satirical Verse:
The Legion Club. Swift On the Death of Dr Swift. The Journal
to Stella. Character of Swift's life and work. Swift a Master of
Style and of Satire. What he lacks
91
## p. ix (#15) ##############################################
Contents
ix
CHAPTER V
ARBUTHNOT AND LESSER PROSE WRITERS
By G. A. AITKEN, M. V. O.
PAGB
Arbuthnot's early life and scientific work. His association with Harley
and the Court of Queen Anne. His Tory pamphlets : The History
of John Bull series; The Art of Political Lying. Arbuthnot,
the Tory Wits, and The Memoirs of Scriblerus. His pamphlets
after the crisis. Critical estimate of bis political writings. His
other works. William King. Literary criticism of the age :
Rymer; Langbaine; Gildon. John Dennis. Colley Cibber's
Apology. Hughes; Rowe; Edwards; Heath; Upton ; Zachary
Grey
129
.
CHAPTER VI
LESSER VERSE WRITERS
I
By THOMAS SECCOMBE, M. A. , Balliol College, Oxford
Prior's personal and literary beginnings. The Country and the City
Mouse. His early official Life and Verse: Carmen Seculare.
Prior under Queen Anne. His last years. His lyrical verse :
Henry and Emma. Alma. Solomon. His light Satirical Verse
and its excellence. His Versification. His productions in Prose :
Essays, and Dialogues of the Dead. John Gay and his early
literary efforts. Rural Sports; The Shepherd's Week; The
What D'ye Call it; Trivia. Gay and the Queensberrys. The
Beggar's Opera and Polly. Gay's love of ease. His Friends.
Ambrose Philips and his Pastorals. His ‘Namby-Pamby' poems.
Thomas Parnell. His Homeric Scholarship. The Hermit. Lady
Winchilsea. John Pomfret. Thomas Tickell. His attachment to
Addison
146
II
9
By GEORGE SAINTSBURY, LL. D. , D. Litt. , F. B. A. , á Merton
College, Oxford, Professor of Rhetoric and English
Literature in the University of Edinburgh
Minor Versifiers of the Age. Younger Contemporaries of Dryden:
George Granville (Lord Lansdowne); William Walsh. Duke,
Stepney, Yalden and William King. Older contemporaries of
Pope: Isaac Watts and his ‘Hymns. ' Sir Samuel Garth. The
Dispensary: significance of its Versification and Diction. Sir
Richard Blackmore: Creation. The Spectator Group: John
Philips; Broome and Fenton; Edmund ('Rag') Smith; Hughes.
Henry Brooke's poetry. David Mallet. Richard Savage. Stephen
Duck. Aaron Hill. Other Lesser Verse Writers of the Age.
Robert Dodeley and his Collection
173
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Contents
CHAPTER VII
HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL WRITERS
I.
BURNET
By A. W. WARD, Litt. D. , P. B. A. , Master of Peterhouse
PAGE
Burnet's Historical and Political Writings during his residence in
Scotland. Thoughts on Education. Memoires of the Hamiltons.
Burnet in London. The History of the Reformation of the
Church of England. Attacks upon it and Replies. The Life
and Death of Sir Matthew Hale. Burnet in Exile. Beginnings
of Memoirs; and various Political Pamphlets. A Memorial for
the Electress Sophia. The History of My Own Time and its
genesis. Characteristics of the Work. Its pervading Purpose.
Historians Contemporary with Burnet: Strype. Jeremy Collier.
His Ecclesiastical History of Great Britain. Neal's History of
the Puritans. Letters to Sir Joseph Williamson. Memoirs of
James II. Andrew Fletcher of Saltoun. His Political Career
and Discourses
192
CHAPTER VIII
HISTORICAL AND POLITICAL WRITERS
II. BOLINGBROKE
By A. W. WARD, Litt. D. , P. B. A.
Henry St John's Earlier Life and Letters. His Contributions to The
Examiner. A Letter to Sir William Wyndham. Bolingbroke
in France. His political activity after his return home. The
Craftsman and its Contributors. Bolingbroke's Remarks upon
the History of England; Dissertation upon Parties ; Letters
on the Study and Use of History; Letter on the Spirit of
Patriotism; Idea of a Patriot King. His last Political Pamphlets.
Qualities of his Style. Historical and Political Writers con-
temporary with Bolingbroke: White Kennett; Echard; Rapin;
Lediard; Tindal; Boyer; Oldmixon. Roger North’s Lives of the
Norths. Merits of these Biographies
216
CHAPTER IX
MEMOIR-WRITERS, 1715-60
By THOMAS SECCOMBE, M. A.
English Society under the First Two Georges. Lady Mary Wortley
Montagu. The Story of her Life. Her Turkish Letters. Her
other writings in Verse and Prose. Lady Cowper's Diary.
Correspondence of Lady Suffolk. Lord Hervey and Lady Mary.
His Political Career. His Memoirs and their Character. Memoirs
of Lord Waldegrave and Melcombe (George Bubb Dodington)
243
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xi
CHAPTER X
WRITERS OF BURLESQUE AND TRANSLATORS
By CHARLES WHIBLEY, M. A. , Hon. Fellow of
Jesus College
PAGE
The Underworld of Letters and its Vagabond Inhabitants. Their
love of Burlesque and Indebtedness to Scarron. His Imitators in
France and in England. Charles Cotton's, Monsey's and John
Phillips's Travesties of Vergil, Scudamore's of Homer and Alexander
Radcliffe's of Ovid. Hudibras and Hudibrastic Verse. Ned
Ward's Hudibras Redivivus, Vulgus Britannicus and London
Spy. Tom Brown's Amusements for the Meridian of London.
The New Art of Translation Versions of Petronius. John
Phillips's Literary Career. His Don Quixote. Motteux and his
Translation of Rabelais. Roger L'Estrange as a Translator.
His Selection of Originals. His Aesop. Charles Cotton and his
Montaigne. John Stevens and his Services to English knowledge
of Spanish Literature
255
CHAPTER XI
BERKELEY AND CONTEMPORARY PHILOSOPHY
By W. R. SORLEY, Litt. D. , F. B. A. , Fellow of King's College,
Knightbridge Professor of Moral Philosophy
English Thought in the Period after the Death of Locke. I. Meta-
physicians: Berkeley's Life and Authorship before and after his
sojourn in America. Alciphron, or the Minute Philosopher.
Essay towards a New Theory of Vision. The Merits of the Essay
as a work of Psychological Analysis. Treatise concerning the
Principles of Human Knowledge. Berkeley's Idealism. His
place in the History of Thought. His Common-place Book.
Arthur Collier. II. Deists. The Deistical Controversy in English
Theology. Charles Blount. Charles Leslie as Champion of
Orthodoxy. Toland's Christianity not Mysterious. His Literary
Career and Philosophical Development: Letters to Serena ;
Pantheisticon. Anthony Collins's Discourse of Free-thinking.
Tindals Christianity as old as the Creation. Other Deistical
Writers: Woolston; Chubb; Morgan; Henry Dodwell the younger.
Influence of Deism. Bolingbroke. Whiston's Primitive Chris-
tianity Revived. Opponents of the Deists: William Warburton.
III. Moralists. Samuel Clarke and Rational Ethics. Shaftesbury;
his Characteristics of Men and Manners. Hutcheson. Mandeville's
Fable of the Bees. Bishop Butler's Fifteen Sermons and Analogy.
Exhaustiveness of Butler's Reasonings
279
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CHAPTER XII
WILLIAM LAW AND THE MYSTICS
By CAROLINE F. E. SPURGEON, Dr of the University
of Paris, Fellow of King's College for Women and
Lecturer in English Literature at Bedford College,
University of London
PAGE
6
Undercurrent of Mystical Thought in England in the Earlier Half of
the Eighteenth Century. Mysticism in the Seventeenth Century.
*Children of Light' in Holland. The Behmenites' and the
Founders of the Society of Friends. Life and Writings of William
Law. Law's Controversial Writings against Hoadly, Mandeville
and Tindal. Christian Perfection and A Serious Call. Influence
of Malebranche, the earlier German Mystics and the Seventeenth
Century Quietists upon Law. Jacob Boehme and the Essence of
his Mysticism. Boehme and Law. An Appeal to all who Doubt
and The Way to Divine Knowledge. Character of Law's Prose:
Law and Mandeville; The Spirit of Prayer; A Serious Call.
Law's Followers: John Byrom; Henry Brooke. Later influence
of Boehme on English Thought .
305
.
CHAPTER XIII
SCHOLARS AND ANTIQUARIES
I. BENTLEY AND CLASSICAL SCHOLARSHIP
By JAMES DUFF DUFF, M. A. , Fellow and Lecturer in
Classics of Trinity College
Learning in England at the Time of Bentley's Birth: Pearson; Fell;
William Lloyd; Henry Dodwell; John Moore. Bentley's Earlier
Life and Labours.
