Ru
moldus, who was bishop of Dublin, and afterwards bishop of
Mechlin, in the Netherlands, in the eighth century.
moldus, who was bishop of Dublin, and afterwards bishop of
Mechlin, in the Netherlands, in the eighth century.
Four Masters - Annals of Ireland
, chief and secondjustices of the said province, under a commission from the lord deputy and council, it was found, among other things, “that Conoghor (Conor, or Cornelius), O'Callaghan, alias the O'Callaghan, was and is seized of several large territories in the Inquisition recited, in his Demesne, as lord and chieftain of Poble Callaghan, by the Irish custom time out of mind used ; that as O'Callaghan, aforesaid, is Lord of the said country, so there is a Tanist, by the custom of the said country, who is Teige O'Cal laghan, and the said Teige is seized as Tanist by the said custom of several Plough-lands in the Inquisition mentioned; which also finds that the custom further, that every kinsman the O'Cal laghan had parcel land live upon, and yet that Estate passed thereby, but that the Lord, who was then Conor O'Cal laghan, and the O'Callaghan for the time being, custom time out mind, may remove the said kinsman other lands; and the Inquisition further finds that O'Callaghan, the son Dermod, Torlogh O'Callaghan, Teige Mac Cahir O’Callaghan, Donogh Mac Thomas O'Callaghan, Conor Genkagh O'Calleghan, Dermod Bane
O'Callaghan, and Shane Mac Teige O'Callaghan, were seized several Plough-lands according the said custom, subject never theless certain seigniories and duties, payable the O'Callaghan, and that they were removable him other lands his pleasure. ” From this appears that those who held lands under the tenure Tanistry were sort tenants will; but the chief removed any them, was bound provide for them other lands
the tribe territory, which must always continue possession the clan. Many the great Anglo-Irish families, particularly the Fitzgeralds Munster, and the Burkes Connaught, adopted the Irish language, manners, and customs, and the laws Tanis try; but the Statute Kilkenny and other Acts, such practices were punished treason felony. The laws Tanistry and Gavelkind, notwithstanding many penal enactments, continued
equity, and might prove advantageous properly administered. The learned Charles O'Conor, his Dissertations, says the laws administered Ireland during the English period, “during these times desolation, from Henry II. Elizabeth, the manners, customs, and condition the Irish proceeded from bad worse their own ancient laws were for the most part useless, hurtful, impracticable, and they were thrown out the protection those
used Ireland down the reign James when they were abolished Act Parliament. may stated that the Eric, fine for homicide, &c. , under the Brehon laws, was paid the
Edward O'Reilly, the Ware and Wallancy, sir John Davis, Spenser's
father, brother, wife, other relatives the person killed in jured; and, according Ware, the Brehon had for his fee the eleventh part the fine. Amongst the Anglo-Saxons, by the laws
king Athelstan, according Blackstone, fine denominated Weregild was paid for homicide, and this fine varied according
thirty thousand Thrysmas, each Thrysma being shilling modern times; the Weregild for sub the relatives the person slain, but that for the
death king was payable, one half the public, and the other the royal family. appears the Brehon laws, though very
defective many points, were founded spirit mildness and
the rank the person slain, from king peasant. The
Weregild for killing Ceorl, that churl peasant, was 266
Thrysmas, and even the killing king might compounded these notes, pp. 100, 133, some account has been given the
for fine equal about
ancient literature Connaught; and pp. 155, 181, 203, the ancient literature of Munster. The chief accounts of ancient Irish literature are given Ware's, Works, Walter Harris; bishop Nicholson's Irish Historical Library; Doctor O'Conor's Rerum
ject was paid
England. Political art, feeble planning, and lazy executing the good society, generally successful undertakings for its destruction. The whole this art, for 350 years, this kingdom, was exhausted schemes for oppressing the natives, without remorse mercy. ” Sir John Davis his Tracts, 227, says “there nation people under the sun that doth love equal and impartial justice better than the Irish, will rest better satisfied with the execution thereof, although against them selves, they may have the protection and benefit the law when upon just cause they desire it. ” Lord Coke says his Institutes, Book IV. , 349,
that havejudicial places
knowledge, that there
greater lovers justice than the Irish, which virtue must course
accompanied many others. ” -
Hereditary officers. --It has beenshown that the office Bards and Brehons was hereditary certain families, and were various
other offices, those physicians, military commanders,standard bearers, &c. , thus, for instance, the O'Hickeys and O’Cullenans were hereditary physicians Munster; the O'Cassidy's were the phy sicians the Maguires, lords Fermanagh theos)'Dunleveys were physicians Donegal, and the O'Shiels Westmeath. The O'Hanlons, chiefs Armagh, were hereditary standard-bearers the kings Ulster. The Mac Sweeneys Donegal; the Mac Donnells and Mac Sheehys Antrim, and the Mac Cabes Bres ney, Cavan, were all famous commanders galloglasses Ulster, under the O'Neills, O'Donnells, O'Reillys; Maguires, &c. ; and these fighting tribes were men great strength and valour, and were also often employed galloglasses under the Burkes Connaught, the Fitzgeralds, earls Kildare and Desmond, Leinster and Munster, and under the O'Briens, Mac Carthys, and other great families Munster. The Mac Dermotts, lords Moylurg, Roscommon, were hereditary marshals Connaught, and the Mac Namaras of Clare were marshals of Thomond. The O'Malleys Mayo, and the O'Flahertys Galway, were admirals
Connaught and the O’Briens Aran, Galway, were admi rals that coast; the O’Falveys and O'Driscolls were admirals Desmond. The O’Keeffes, O'Riordans, O'Sullivans, and O'Ma
honys, Cork and Kerry, were also military commanders note Munster. The O'Moores, lords Leix, were ancient times the marshals and chief military commanders Leinster; the
O'Molloys, King's county, were standard-bearers Leinster;
and the Mac Geoghegans were marshals Meath. The pre ceding account Brehonism and Tanistry has been collect
have been informed many those Ireland, and know partly my own nation the Christian world that are
from the Essay the Brehon Laws,
Annals the Four Masters, the Works
Cox's Hibernia Anglicana, the Tracts
View Ireland, O'Flaherty's Ogygia, the Dissertations Char les O'Conor, and other sources. may inentioned that there are still preserved, the library Trinity College, Dublin, large collections Irish manuscripts on the Brehon Laws, and there
valuable glossary these laws contained the ancient work called the Book Ballymote.
Ancient Literature of Ulster and Meath. -In the course
Hibernicarum Scriptores, and his Catalogue the Irish Ma nuscripts, the Duke Buckingham's library Stowe;
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582 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1592.
that O’Donnell came to, as he was aware of his in firmity and great age, was to give the lordship to his son, and to nominate him the O’Donnell, which
O'Reilly's Irish Writers; the Works Ussher, and Lani
gan's and Brennan's Ecclesiastical Histories; some accounts distinguished Irish writers are also given various Biographical Dictionaries. There are still existing vast collections ancient and valuable Irish MSS. various libraries Ireland, those Trinity College, Dublin, and the Royal Irish Academy; also
resolution was approved of by general, and which was accordingly done, for O’Firghil the Air chindeach (Archdeacon), was sent for, who inaugu
There are many the works all those Bards and historians ex tant, and they are enumerated O'Reilly's Irish Writers. ancient times there were, the kingdoms Meath and Ulster, now constituting the Archdiocese Armagh, many celebrated colleges and monasteries, seats learning and religion, those Clonmacnois, Clonard, Fore, Trim, Ardbraccan, Kells, and Slane,
many private libraries, particularly that Sir William Be Meath; Drogheda and Monasterboyce, Louth Armagh and tham. various libraries England there are great collections Downpatrick; Bangor and Newry, Down; the abbeys Derry Irish MSS. , those the Bodleian Library Oxford, and Donegal Clogher, Tyrone; Clones, Monaghan Deve
the British Museum, and Lambeth London, and the nish, Fermanagh, and Dromlane Cavan.
library the Duke Buckingham, Stowe, there an im The Book of Rights, called Irish Leabhar-na-goeart, was
mense and most valuable collection. In the libraries on the Con tinent there are also collections Irish MSS. , particularly Rome, Paris, and Louvain, and the libraries Spain and Por tugal, and said that there were Irish MSS. the Royal Library Copenhagan, which were carried off by the Danes from Ireland, the 10th and 11th centuries. vast number Irish MSS. were destroyed, particularly during the wars Elizabeth and Cromwell; Webb, his Analysis the Antiquities
Ireland, says, “it was, 'till the time James the object government discover and destroy all remains the literature the Irish, order the more fully eradicate from their minds every trace their ancient independence. ”
the Pagan times, many works note are recorded, and, ac cording Charles O'Conor, stated Duald Mac Firbis, the learned antiquary Leacan, that St. Patrick burned less than 180 volumes of the Books of the Druids at Tara. As Tara was the early agts the seat the Irish monarchy, there were many the chief Bards consequently connected with Meath, and ac count of various eminent Bards who flourished Meath and Uls ter the Pagan times, given O'Reilly's Writers. The most celebrated these were Adhna, Athairne, Forchern, Ferceirtne, and Neide, all whom flourished about the beginning the Christian era, the Court Emania, under Concovar Mac Neasa, the celebrated king Ulster. Oisin, Ossian, the third cen tury, was one the most celebrated the Irish Bards, and many poems attributed him are still extant; some the Ossianic poems have been translated, but many remain manuscript, and
observed, that they are very different from Ossian's Poems published Mac Pherson, who claimed the Irish Bard
first written the 5th century St. Beinin, Benignus, the successor St. Patrick, archbishop Armagh; but the work
was afterwards enlarged, with many additions made other writers the 12th century. gives account the Rights, Revenues, and Tributes, the monarchs, provincial kings and princes; parts
this work have been translated and published Vallancy’s Col lectanea; but the whole was published, with the necessary annotations, would form very valuable record ancient laws and regulations Ireland. Copies are the libraries Trinity College, and the Royal Irish Academy, and also the library Sir William Betham and translation into Eng lish has been made by the translator these Annals.
Books of Prophecies. —There are still extant various ancient Irish MSS. containing prophecies, some metre and others prose; they were composed by St. Cailin, bishop Down, Ab bot Fenagh, and Bec Mac De Oirgiall, the 5th century; by St. Columkille the 6th, and by SS. Braccan and Ultan, ab bots Ardbraccan, the 7th century. Another celebrated pro phet, St. Moling, bishop Ferns, flourished the 7th century;
accounts all these saints and prophets, and their works, are given O'Reilly’s Writers, and Lanigan.
The Books Armagh and Kells. -The Book Armagh, MSS. the 7th century, vellum, Irish and Latin, con tains Life St. Patrick, and his Confession, sketch his Life written himself; also Life St. Martin Tours; copy the Gospels, and other matters. This Book mentioned by St. Bernard, his Life St. Malachy, archbishop Armagh;
was, precious relic, preserved for ages silver shrine, which was lost; and modern times was contained case
native Scotland; but Mac Pherson's Ossianic Poems, leather, elegant workmanship. This venerable Book was kept though containing much poetical beauty, are chiefly fictions for many centuries the family Mac Moyre, near Armagh, who his own. were specially appointed for its stewardship but, about the year
The Psalter Tara was record the chief events Ireland, 1680, was taken London by Florence Mac Moyre, who being
from the most remote times, compiled by order the illustrious king Cormac, the 3rd century, and from this was chiefly com
posed, the latter end the 9th century, Cormac Mac Cul lenan, archbishop Cashel, the great work called the Psalter
Cashel, which an account has beengiven 204 these notes. Bards. Amongst the mosteminent Bards mentioned O'Reilly's
Irish Writers, Meath and Ulster, from the 5th the 12th century, are the following, whose works gives copious accounts: Tor Eigeas, Torna the Learned, chief Bard king Niall the
Nine Hostages the 5th century; Eochaidh Eigeas, called also
great poverty, sold for £5 Mr. Brownlow, and still
the possession the Rev. Mr. Brownlow Dublin. An ac count the Book Armagh given Ware, Ussher, and Dr.
O'Conor, and copious extracts from have been translated and published that learned work, the Irish Antiquarian Researches,
by Sir William Betham. The Book of Kells, considered have been written by St. Columkille, the 6th century, was preserved for many ages the Columbian monastery Kells, Meath, and now the library Trinity College, Dublin. contains manuscript the four gospels, and illuminated with decorations
St. Columkille, abbot Iona, the Hebrides, and apostle the Scots and Picts, the latter end the 6th century, and SS.
Dallan Forgaill, and Amergin,
Fathan, and Flann Mac Lonan,
Mac Lonan was called “the Virgil
10th century flourished Cormacan Eigeas; Cinaoth O’Hartigan, Adamnan and Cummian, abbots Iona the latter end the 7th
the 6th century; Maolmura the 9th century; this Flann the Milesian race. ” the
and Eochy O'Flinn, who were chief Bards and historians Meath
and Ulster, and are reckoned amongst the most famous the an
cient historians. the 11th century Erard Mac Coisi; Cuan
O'Lochain; Colman O'Seasnain; Flann Monasterboyce, and Lanigan and O'Reilly. Probus, learned lecturer Slane, wrote Giolla Caomhain, were famous poets and historians Meath life St. Patrick the 10th century, which given Colgan; and Ulster; and the 12th century Giolla Modula O'Cassidy, and the 12th century, Jocelin, learned monk Furness, abbot Ardbraccan Meath, and native Fermanagh, edu Lancashire, wrote life St. Patrick, under the patronage
cated Devenish, was celebrated poet and historian, and wrote valuable chronological poem the Christian kings Ireland,
which given the 1st volume O'Conor's Rer. Hib. Scriptores.
Thomas O'Conor, archbishop Armagh. the 11th and 12th centuries, several the archbishops Armagh, Dubhdalethe, Celsus, Gelasius, St. Malachy, &c. , were eminent for learning and
surpassing beauty.
century, all natives Tirconnell, Donegal, and the race Hy Niall, were amongst the most eminent and learned ecclesiastics Europe those ages, and accounts their works are given by
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 583
rated Hugh Roe in the government of the territory by law established, he nominated him the O’Don by command and with the blessing of his father, nell, on the 3rd of May. O’Donnell, i. e. Hugh
and having performed the ceremony of the title as *
sanctity, and accounts of their works are given by Ware, Ussher, and Lanigan.
The Book of Dinseanchus was originally composed in the 6th century, by Amergin, chief bard to the monarch Dermod, at Tara;
but many additions have been made to it by later writers. This celebrated work gives an account of noted places, as Fortresses, Raths, Cities, Plains, Mountains, Lakes, Rivers, &c. , and of the
Roe, did not allow that small force which he had
as natives of Scotland, for which they had no grounds but the sur name Scotus ; but the Irish in ancient times, as before explained were called Scoti, or Scots, and Ireland was named Scotia.
The Annals of Ulster were compiled, in the 15th century, by Cathal or Charles Maguire, a native of Fermanagh, an eminent and learned ecclesiastic, who was dean of Clogher, a canon of Ar magh, &c. , and whose death is recorded at the year 1498, and p. 336, in these Annals, with some account of his work, and an
origin of their names, and contains much interesting information on
ancient Irish history and topography. Copies of it are in various eloquent eulogium on his learning and virtues. These Annals,
libraries, and a copy of the original, contained in a vellum MS. of the 9th century, is in the library of Sir William Betham.
The Annals of Tigearnach, compiled in the 11th century by Tigearnach, abbot of Clonmacnois, whose death is recorded in the Four Masters, and in O'Reilly's Irish Writers, at A. D. 1088; he was one of the most learned men of that age, and his Annals are considered as one of the Inost authentic works on ancient Irish
history; they contain the history of Ireland from the reign of Kimbaoth, king of Emania and monarch of Ireland, who flourished
about 350 years before the Christian era, down to the death of the author, in the 11th century; and, according to O'Reilly, they
after the death of the Author, were continued to 1541 by Roderick O'Cassidy, archdeacon of Clogher. The Annals of Ulster are written, partly in Irish, and partly in Latin, and contain the his
tory of Ireland from the 1st to the 16th century, and are con sidered very authentic, giving a concise account of the various events. There are copies of these Annals in several libraries in Eugland, and in Dublin, and they have beenpublished in Latin, from the 5th to the 12th century, namely, from A. D. 431, to A. D. 1131, in Dr. O'Connor's Rer. Hib. Scriptores; but if these Annals were translated into English, and published with the necessary annotations, they would form a very valuable contribution to Irish history.
were continued to the 16th century by Augustin Mac Gradian, or
Mac Craith, a monk of the abbey of All Saints, on Lough Ree, in
the river Shannon, and county of Longford. O'Reilly says there
is a copy of these Annals in the library of Trinity College, Dublin.
The Annals of Tigearmach are partly in Irish, and partly in Latin,
and have been published in Latin by Dr. O'Conor, in the Rerun
Hib. Scriptores; but if these Annals were translated into English,
and published with proper annotations, they would form one of the
most valuable works on ancient Irish history. The Cronicon the celebrated O'Clerys Donegal, and are one the most Scotorum, an ancient work, composedat Clonmacnois, written in
Irish and continued to 1150, contains much information on the ancient history of Ireland; there is a copy of it in the possession
of Mr. Geraghty, the publisher of these Annals, and another in the library of Sir William Betham.
Marianus Scotus, the cotemporary of Tigearneach, was a monk at Clonmacnois and Clonard, but having left Ireland about A. D. 1056, and going to Germany, spent many years at the monasteries and colleges of Cologne and Fulda, and lastly at Mentz, where he
died, A. D. 1086. He is admitted to have beenone of the most learned men in Europe in the middle ages,and particularly eminent as a Chronographer and Antiquary. His works were published at Basil, in 1559, and there is a copy of his celebrated Chronicle in the British Museum.
Johannes Duns Scotus, a native of Down, and hence surnamed
Dunensis, signifying of Down, which was contracted into Duns, was
born near Downpatrick, in the latter end of the 13th century, A. D. 1274. He displayed, from his youth, vast abilities, and being edu
important works ever written Irish history; they comprise the Annals Ireland from the earliest ages the 17th century.
cated for some time at the schools of Ireland, he went to England,
and entered Merton College in Oxford; he became a Franciscan
friar, and was a lecturer at Oxford, and afterwards at Paris, on Mac Geoghegan, learned writer, native Westmeath, who dates Theology, Philosophy, &c. , and from his great abilities, and acute
ness of intellect, he was denominated The subtle Doctor. In
Theology, Metaphysics, and Philosophy, he was scarcely equalled
by any man in Europe, and he, and his great rival as a Theologian,
the renowned St. Thomas Aquinas, divided the literary and re translation from ancient MSS. , but has never been printed, though
ligious world into two great sects, the followers of one being desig nated Thomists, and of the other Scotists. The illustrious Duns Scotus died at Cologne, A. D. 1308, at the early age of 34, but left to posterity an imperishable name. His vast works were, in 1639, published at Lyons, in 12 volumes folio, edited by the cele brated Irish writer Luke Wadding, a native of Waterford, whose Life of Scotus is given in his great work, the History of the Fran ciscans. From his great fame, Duns Scotus has beenclaimed by some writers as a native of Scotland, by others as an Englishman, and it may also be observed that Johannes Scotus Erigena, an Irishman, and one of the most learned and celebrated men in Europe
containing much important information Irish history. There
in the 9th century, and Marianus Scotus above mentioned, have veral folio volumes Latin, the Lives the Irish saints. He pub been all absurdly claimed by Dempster and other Scotch writers, lished Louvain, 1645, one large volume folio, part this
The Books of Ulster and of Oirgiall, copies of which are contained in the Books of Leacan and Ballymote, give an account of the ancient history of Ulster, kings, princes, chiefs and clans, and contain much important information, and should translated and published.
The Annals the Four Masters, which full account has been given the Introduction this publication, were compiled chiefly
The Book Invasions, called also the Book Conquests, Irish named Leabhar Gabhala, which account given
O'Reilly's Writers,
O'Clerys Donegal,
monastery Lisgoole,
Bryan Roe Maguire, first baron Enniskillen. This book was compiled from numerous ancient records, and the works the Bards &c. , and gives an account all the ancient colonies that peopled Ireland, and made conquests the country, the Par tholanians, Nemedians, Fomorians, Firbolg Belgians, Danans, Milesians, and Danes. This great work contains vast information
Irish history and antiquities, and there are copies ac cording O'Reilly, Trinity College, and other libraries Dub lin, and there also one the library Sir William Betham.
1632, was chiefly compiled
the beginning the 17th century, the
Fermanagh, under the patronage
the Book Invasions was translated and published, with the necessary annotations, would form extremely interesting work on ancient Irish history.
The Book Clonmacnois, compiled the 17th century Conla the work the last day June, 1627. was compiled from
various ancient annals, and contains Ireland, from the earliest times down century, ending 1466.
abstract the history the middle the 15th
Dublin, these
Colgan's Lives the Irish Saints. -John Colgan,
Donegal, became Franciscan friar, and lecturer Theology, the Irish monastery called the College St. Anthony, Louvain,
where died A. D. 1658. He was man vast learning, particularly Irish ecclesiastical history and antiquities, and after intense application and study, for period about 30 years,
with immense labour and indefatigable industry compiled se
are copies Trinity College, and other libraries and one the possession Mr. Geraghty, the publisher Annals.
written English, being
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584 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1592.
there collected to disperse, until he marched them, no notice or warning was sent to them, for they did both horse and foot, into the borders of the territory not think that he was restored to a state ofefficiency of the race of Owen, the son of Niall (Tyrone); from the confinement in which he had been, neither
work, entitled “Acta Sanctorum Veteris et Majoris Scotiae seu Hiberniae,” containing the Acts of the Irish Saints for January, February, and March. In 1647 he published, at Louvain, in ano ther large folio, the Lives of SS. Patrick, Bridget, and Columkille, the three great tutelar Saints of Ireland, which work he styled Trias Thaumaturga, and he dedicated it to Hugh O'Reilly, arch bishop of Armagh. Several other volumes of Colgan's MSS. , unpublished, on the Lives of the Irish Saints, are said to remain still at Louvain. Colgan's works contain vast information on Irish his tory, Antiquities, and Topography, but they are so rare, that when they occasionally turn up at book sales, they cost 20 guineas or more, and it would be a great desideratum to have them translated into English, and published with proper annotations. An account of Colgan and his works is given in Brennan's Ecclesiastical History.
o
tive of Meath, a famous Irish poet, is mentioned by O’Reilly in the year 1715, and he enumerates his compositions. James Mac Cuairt, a eclebrated Bard in Ulster, is mentioned by O'Reilly in the year 1712, and he enumerates a great many of his composi tions in Irish, particularly a poem on the Battle of Aughrim. Many poets of the O'Reillys, Mac Bradys, O'Clerys, O’Farrellys, and Mac Cabes, in the county of Cavan, are mentioned by O'Reilly in the 18th century. Hugh O'Reilly, of the county of Cavan, an eminent lawyer in the reign of king James II. , wrote an excellent compendium on the history of Ireland, and the wars of Elizabeth and Cromwell.
Irish Catechisms. —The Rev. Francis O’Molloy a native of Meath, a Franciscan and lecturer in the College of St. Isidore at Rome, published in that city, in the year 1076, an Irish catechism, which is highly esteemed, and entitled Lochran-na-goreideamh ach, i. e. Lucerna Fidelium, or the Lamp of the Faithful; he also published a good Irish grammar. Bonaventure O'Hosey, a native
Hugh Ward, a native of Donegal, went to Spain, and studied
at Salamanca ; he becamea Franciscan friar, and learned lecturer
in Divinity, at the Irish College in Louvain, where he died in
1635. He was, like Colgan, a man of vast learning and industry;
he collected an immense number of ancient Irish MSS. , of which
Colgan made use when compiling the Lives of the Irish Saints.
Ward wrote many works on Irish ecclesiastical history and anti
quities, mentioned by Brennan, amongst others, a Life of St.
Ru
moldus, who was bishop of Dublin, and afterwards bishop of
Mechlin, in the Netherlands, in the eighth century. Many emi
nent writers, poets, historians, &c. of the O'Clerys, and Mac Meath, and diocese of Kilmore. The Rev. Paul O'Brien, of whom
Wards of Donegal, in the 16th and 17th centuries, are mentioned in O'Reilly’s Irish Writers.
Many of the Catholic archbishops of Armagh, from the 14th to the 18th century, were eminent and learned men, of whom the fol lowing may be mentioned : Richard Fitzralph, who died in 1360, is said to have got the Bible translated into Irish. The Primate Octavian de Palatio, a Florentine, who died in 1513, was a man of great learning. George Dowdall, who died in 1558, wrote a Life of John de Courcy, and other works. Richard Creagh, who died in 1585, wrote several works on 1rish ecclesiastical history, Lives of saints, &c. Peter Lombard, who died in 1625, wrote a learned work on Irish history, entitled “de Regno Hibernia, Sanc torum Insula. ” Hugh Mac Caghwell, who died in 1626, wrote many learned works on Theology. The Primate, Oliver Plunket, who was put to death in London, in 1681, wrote a poem in the Irish language, celebrating Teamhair na Riogh, or Tara of the kings.
Jus Primatiale Armacanum, a work maintaining the authority
of the See of Armagh, as the seat of the Primacy, over that of Dub lin, was written and published in 1728, by Hugh Mac Mahon,
archbishop of Armagh, who died in 1737. This learned and cele brated work decided, in favour of Armagh, the controversy which had been carried on for many centuries, between the Sees of Dub lin and Armagh, respecting the Primacy. Michael O'Reilly, Pri mate of Armagh, who died at Drogheda about A. D. I758, published an Irish Catechism, which is in high estimation. Accounts of all these writers are given in Ware, in Stuart's Armagh, O'Reilly's Irish Writers, and Brennan's Ecclesiastical History.
Patrick Fleming, a relative of the lords of Slane, who died about A. D. 1623, wrote a Life of St. Columbanus and other works.
an account is given in O'Reilly's Writers, was likewise a native of the parish of Kilmainham Wood, and a relative of Carolan, the Bard. Dr. O'Brien was Irish Professor at the College of May nooth, where he died in 1820; he was a man of great abilities and acquirements, possessedgreat wit and poetical talents; he wrote many poems, and published an Irish grammar.
O'Reilly's Irish Writers and Dictionary. —Edward O'Reilly, a native of Meath, descended from the O'Reillys of Cavan, was an eminent Irish scholar, and secretary to the Hiberno-Celtic Society in Dublin, where he died in 1830. He published in the Transactions of the Hiberno-Celtic Society, in 1820, an Account of eminent Irish Writers from the earliest ages, to near the end of the 18th century; he also published an excellent Irish dictionary and grammar; Essays on the Brehon Laws, on the Poems of Ossian, &c.
Mac Geoghegan's History of Ireland. —This work was written in French by the Abbé James Mac Geoghegan, a learned ecclesi astic, a native of Westmeath, who resided for many years in France, and died at Paris in 1755; his History was published at Paris in 1758, and it was dedicated by Mac Geoghegan to the officers of the Irish Brigade in the service of France. This valuable work contains an Epitome of the history of Ireland, from the earliest ages to the end of the Revolution, and Treaty of Limerick, with
some other affairs terminating at A. D. 1692, but giving a short account of some subsequent events connected with the Irish Bri gades. This History was translated from the French by Patrick O'Kelly, and published in Dublin in the year 1835, in three vols. ; but was republished in 1844, in a very elegant style, in one large volume 8vo. , by Duffy of Dublin.
Taaffe's History of Ireland, written by the Rev. Dennis The Ecclesiastical Annals of Ireland, a valuable work, writ Taaffe, a native of Louth ; he was a Franciscan friar, and studied
ten in Latin, was published at Rome in 1690, by Francis Porter, a
native of Meath, a Franciscan, who died at Rome in 1702; he was a man of great learning, and published many other important
works mentioned by Brennan. -
Irish Dictionaries, &c. —In the year 1662is mentioned,in O’Reil
ly's Writers, Richard Plunket, a Franciscan friar of Trim in Meath,
who wrote a Latin and Irish dictionary, of which there are copies United Irishmen; he died in Thomas street, Dublin, in the year in Marsh's library, and in Trinity College, Dublin. Teige O'Neagh 1813, in the 60th year of his age. In writing his History of tan or Norton, a native of Meath, mentioned by O'Reilly in 1742, Ireland, his chief patrons were John Keogh, of Mount Jerome, and wrote an English-Irish dictionary, which is in the library of Trinity Dr. Mac Carthy, bishop of Cork. Taaffe's History of Ireland was College, Dublin, and also many poems. John O'Neaghtan, a na published in 1810, in four volumes 8vo. by Christie, in Dublin
of Fermanagh, wrote an excellent Irish catechism and Prayer Book, published at Rome in 1707, by the Society de Propaganda
Fide. The Rev. Andrew Donlevey, a native of Donegal, publish ed at Paris, in 1742, an Irish catechism, which is considered a work of great merit.
Torlogh O'Carolan, the famous Bard and Harper, who has been already mentioned in this article in the account of the Bards, was a native of Newtown, near Kilmainham Wood, in the county of
sometime in the University of Prague, and was a man of great abilities, but of eccentric habits. On his return to Ireland, he resided chiefly in Dublin, and, in 1798, actively cooperated with
the United Irishmen, and commanded personally with great bra very in Wexford and Wicklow ; his Biography is given in Cox's Irish Magazine, Lawless's History of Ireland, and Madden’s
did they contemplate to before the Tirconnal lians any former time. All the adjoining parts Tyrone were laid waste fire and sword by
that small force; every person taken who was
capable making resistance was put the sword and slain; this force having collected great booty,
Being written with too much haste, and under adverse cir cumstances, has some faults arrangement and chrono logical accuracy, but, notwithstanding, contains much interest ing information, written bold and patriotic style, and abounds
brilliant passages great spirit and beauty, with many power ful invectives against anti-Irish writers.
Curry's Civil Wars Ireland, written by John Curry, M. D. native Cootehill, the county Cavan he resided chiefly
Drogheda, andShirley's History Farney Monaghan.
Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores Veteres. —This work has been
Wars Ireland was first printed 1775, but has been several times republished Dublin. This valuable work contains com pilations from various sources, the wars Ireland the reign
Elizabeth, the Insurrection 1641, the Cromwellian war and the War the Revolution, with accounts the confiscations,
Charles O'Conor, the eminent literary family the O'Conors Roscommon, nephew the celebrated Charles O'Conor Belen agare. Dr. O'Conor was Librarian the late Duke Buckingham
Penal laws, &c.
the 17th and 18th centuries, many the Protestant Primates
bernicarum Scriptores Veteres was, the cost many thousand pounds, printed Buckingham between the years 1814 and 1826,
four large 4to. volumes. Sir Palgrave, his Rise the English Commonwealth, says this publication, “A work which, whether we consider the learning the editor, the value the materials, the princely munificence the Duke Buckingham,
whose expense was produced, without parallel modern
literature. ” The translator these Annals has had the high ho
mour being presented with copy the Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, his Grace the present Duke Buckingham, who has, this act liberality, evinced hereditary regard for the interests Irish literature; and may observed, that from these valuable volumes, presented his Grace, has been ex tracted vast deal the original matter, given the annotations
Armagh were very learned men, and eminent writers, particu larly the illustrious James Ussher, one the most learned men Europe the 17th century. The Primates John Bramhall, and John Hoadly, were likewise eminent writers. Many the bishops
the Archdiocese Armagh were highly distinguished these
times, William Bedell, bishop Kilmore, and Jeremy Taylor,
bishop Down and Connor, both whom were eminent for their learning and virtues; Bedell's Bible, containing the Old Testament
Prelate, published Church. Accounts their works, are given
Toland's History
1840, History the Irish Protestant the learned bishops above mentioned, and
Ware and Stuart's Armagh.
Druidism, and various other well known the celebrated John Toland, native
Trinity College gives the ancient history kings, princes, chiefs, and clans, and would
works, were written
Donegal, born Inisowen, near Derry, 1670; his name Irish was O'Tuathalain, which he anglicised Toland. His History
the Irish Druids learned work, and was republished Mon trose, Scotland, 1814.
Leinster, which should also
The Book Kilkenny, ancient work, often
Archdall's Monasticon and Lodge's Peerage. —The Rev. Mervyn
Archdall, native Fermanagh, tor Slane Meath, compiled still remain MS. Dublin,
Protestant clergyman, and rec several volumes, some which account the Monasteries
Ireland and other matters Ecclesiastical History. He published 1786 his Monasticon Hibernicum, very valuable work, giving account the Monasteries Ireland from the
earliest edition ditions
ages the Reformation; also published 1789 an
vols. Lodge's Peerage, with many valuable ad the original work.
Stuart's Armagh, printed Newry 1819, was written
the Rev. Dr. James Stuart, and excellent and impartial work containing the History Armagh from the earliest times, with accounts all the Catholic and Protestant Archbishops, and much general information Irish history and antiquities.
There are various other works connected with the history and topography Ulster, which may mentioned, Pynnar's Survey Ulster Harris's Hibernica; Dubordieu's Surveys Down
and Antrim, and Harris's Survey Down. Sampson's Survey Derry; Mac Evoy's Survey Tyrone, and Mac Parlan's Survey Donegal. Sir Charles Coote's Surveys Armagh, Monaghan and Cavan, Thompson's Survey Meath; and Survey West
meath Sir Henry Piers, Vallancy's Collectanea. Wright's
the Annals Ireland Thady Dowling, chancellor the latter end the 16th century, may mentioned
Leighlin, works
REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
and comprises the period from the English invasion 1810. Louthiana the Antiquities Louth; D'Alton's History
one side, together with many learned Dissertations ancient Irish Dublin, where he died about 1780. His Review the Civil literature, &c. This great work was compiled the Rev. Dr.
translated into Irish, well known work. Richard Pococke,
bishop Meath, was celebrated antiquary and traveller the
East. William Nicholson, bishop Derry, was Author the
English, Irish, and Scotch Historical Libraries, and various other
learned works. Thomas Percy, bishop Dromore, was the cele
brated Author Reliques Ancient Poetry, and many other The ancient Literature Leinster. —A full account the an works. John Stearne, bishop Dromore and Clogher, was
learned Prelate, and great collector Irish MSS. , which are de posited Trinity College. Francis Hutchinson, bishop Down and Connor, published, 1734, Defence the Ancient History
Ireland. Richard Mant, bishop Down and Connor, learned
cient literature this province will given future time, should opportunity occur. Amongst the principal works, the
already mentioned, 134, contains many the chief works
the Annals the Four Masters,
the Annals Inisfallen, Tigearmach, and Boyle; and the
Annals Ulster, all translated into Latin, with the Irish text
contained the library
the Books Leacanand Ballyinote and copy
ster, and valuable work per annotations.
the library the history
the Literature Connaught. the ancient Irish annalists,
Stowe, and, under his patronage, this work, entitled Rerum Hi
the English invasion 1171
the course these Annals, never before published, and containing important information, and copious illustrations Irish history.
following may mentioned: The Book Leinster, which
Lein translated into English, and published with pro
O'Reilly ancient work
Festiology Aengus Cele De, celebrated writer the 8th century, who was abbot Clonenagh, the diocese Leighlin, and Queen's county, and who was native Dalaradia, the county Down, Ulster; was man great learning, and his work one the most important now extant the Lives the ancient Saints Ireland, but has never been translated published; there are copies the libraries Trinity College, and the Royal Irish Academy. The Book Howth, said
the Lambeth Library, London, was ancient work
note, and from chiefly was compiled Hanmer's Chronicle. The Annals Ireland, James Grace, prior St. John's Kilkenny,
written the 16th century; the Annals Ireland, John Clynn, Franciscan friar Kilkenny, the 14th century, and
The Book Glendalough, said Trinity College, Dublin,
and published.
quoted Colgan, his Lives the Irish Saints. The Feilire,
connected with the ancient literature Leinster. Analecta Sacra; Hibernia Resurgens Hierographia
Hiber nia and various other works Irish Ecclesiastical History and An tiquities, and the religious persecutions Ireland, were written David Roth, bishop Ossory, who died 1650,and much
praised Ware for his great learning; the above works were pub iished Cologne and other places between the years 1616 and 1640. The Bleeding Iphigenia, published Louvain 1674,and other
works, chiefly vindication the Confederate Catholics the war 1641, &c. , were written Nicholas French, bishop Ferns.
translated
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586 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1592.
including cattle and flocks, returned into their own should pursuit such again, would territory. The fortress of O’Neill, i. e. of Torlogh not receive O’Donnell forgave him that oc
Luineach, was at that time at Strabane, and it was never customary for the O’Neill to reside there un the time that Torlogh; great was his ani
casion, and having returned back, remained
three days and nights the district, from which
the protected preys had been carried off, destroying mosity against the Tirconnallians, and against and completely devastating it; then proceeded
the brother-in-law O’Donnell, namely, the earl O'Neill. O'Neill brought party the English
Dublin aid him against the Tirconnallians, and the earl O’Neill, namely, captain Willis, and captain Fulart, with two hundred soldiers. was
back arrived space
his own country, and did not halt until Donegal, where remained for the
source mental affliction young O’Donnell
that the English Dublin should have come
the borders his territory, traverse his patri
mony, and the province large, which induced
him, week’s time, march with force into
Tyrone; the people the country fled they not leave the stronghold the fortress fight
had done former occasions, until they reached Ciannachta Glen Geimhin (now the barony Kenaught, Derry); proceeded until came close where O’Neill and the English were, with their troops, and O’Donnell commanded his forces
them, and when they were not encountered bat tle, what they did was set fire and flames the four sides the town, and they did not cease until they burned the houses that were outside the walls, and when they could not get the English
attack them their position; this they accord out prevent the destruction, they returned
ingly did, and made fierce rush and charge them mid-day; when they beheld the Tircon mallians advancing, they did not wait for them, but retreated protect themselves castle, which stood on the banks the river, called Roa (the river Roe, Derry); that was impregnable castle, and was the fortress O’Kane, and O’Don nell laid siege the castle. O’Kane sent his messenger O’Donnell, with writing, and the contents the letter were, that O’Donnell was foster-son his, that had formerly ratified his friendship for him, and that, under the protection
that friendship, hoped might spared
that occasion, behalf the property which had come under his guarantee and protection, and that,
Florilegium Insulae Sanctorum, &c. , learned work the Lives the Irish Saints, was written by the Rev. Thomas Mes singham, and published Paris 1624.
their homes with victory. As the earl O’Neill, when perceived the enmity Hugh Roe O’Donnell’s own kindred towards him, what did was proceed the lord justice, namely, William Fitzwilliam, obtain protection for O’Donnell appear before him, and hold con ference with him Dundalk, which was granted him; and having gone for O’Donnell Donegal,
took him with him Dundalk, and both having appeared before the lord justice, received them very kindly, and forgave O’Donnell for having
escaped, and they confirmed their peace and friend ship towards each other the strictest manner possible; these chiefs having taken their leave the lord justice, they left him their blessings, and
ham, and Burgo, and their various works, are given Ware and Brennan's Ecclesiastical History.
Ware's Works accounts are given many learned writers, ancient and modern times Leinster, and the learned arch bishops Dublin, and bishops other sees Leinster, accounts are given Ware's Bishops by Harris; full account the Pri
Hibernia Dominicana, written by Thomas Burgo, Burke,
bishop Ossory, who died 1786. He was distinguished for
great learning and abilities, and, 1762, published his Hibernia
Dominicana, History the Dominican Monasteries Ireland, mates also given D'Alton's Archbishops Dublin. Amongst with an account of all the eminent men of the 1)ominican Order. the learned men Leinster may mentioned many eminent The work also contains immenseinformation Irish history, with Anglo-Irish Writers, most whose works were composed genealogies and biographies distinguished Irishmen the service
foreign states, &c. , and translated into English, and published, would form valuable work on Irish history. The Ilibernia Dominicana wasprinted Kilkenny, though said the title page
have been published Cologne, for such works were that time prohibited the Irish government; Burgo also wrote Lives several Irish saints. Accounts Roth, French, Messing
Dublin, the Histories, Annals and Chronicles Giraldus Cam brensis, Stanihurst, Hanmer, and Campion, Spenser's View Ire land, Ware's Antiquities and Bishops Harris, Vallancey's Collectanea, Grose's and Ledwich's Antiquities, Cox's Hibernia Anglicana, Carew's Pacata Hibernia, the Histories Ireland, &c.
Fynes Morrison, Leland, Warner, Borlase, Temple, Carte, Clarendon, Plowden, &c.
two months under cure. He considered too long that O’Neill and his English should not attacked during that time, and having col lected his forces, they marched over Barnus More, across the rivers Finn and Mourne, their pro
gress Strabane, where O’Neill and his English
were, and they did not halt until they arrived just before them; O’Neill, however, his English, did
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the bridge the monastery Boyle, and into the plains Connaught, and sent forth his predatory
Connaught), whom we have mentioned, surrendered themselves
The Clan William (Burkes
REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
587
returned to their respective homes. When those maintaining that the rents not paid were
of the Tirconnallians who were in opposition to the waste lands, and that (Bingham), had
O'Donnell, heard of his having made peace with right demand rent from those wastes until they
the lord justice, they came peace and friend were set. Sir George sent soldiers into Brefney
ship
him the most eminent those who came
make prey lieu the rent, and the pledges which they happened meet with were Bryan O'Rourke's own milch cows; Bryan went de
restoration, granted him, mand their but was not
and having returned his own country, sent for some common soldiers and mercenaries into
Tyrone, Tirconnell, and Fermanagh; after they
had come him, did not halt day night until arrived Ballymote, and when near that town sent forth his scouring parties through the
two Triochas (baronies) the Mac Donoghs, viz. , Corran and Tirerrill Sligo), and very little those two territories that they did not plunder that single predatory expedition; also burned
there were Hugh, the son Huge Duv, son Hugh Roe (O’Donnell), Niall Garv, the son
Con, Calvach, -Manus, Hugh son son son
Duv (O’Donnell), and his brethren, and O'Dogh erty, namely, John Oge, the son John, son Felim, son Conor Carrach, after had been taken prisoner him.
A. D. 1593.
O'Donnell, i. e. Hugh Roe, was his own family
residence Lifford, the month January, this year, watching his enemy, namely, Torlogh Luin-
each, son Niall Conallach (O’Neill); continu wreak his vengeance and animosity him,
expel him from his lordship, and reduce him, order have Hugh O'Neill appointed his place;
was well for him that took the forethought, for lordship was granted Hugh O’Neill, and
Torlogh Luineach consented and submitted have the title conferred him. Hugh O’Neill, the earl, was then nominated the O’Neill, and Torlogh Luineach sent away the English had with him, after had made peace with O’Neill and O’Don
towns, every direction completely plundered Ballymote itself, well the other towns; many were slain who are not recorded, among whom were
nell; and this affair took place May precisely. The province
Neasa (Ulster), was subjected
the month Conor Mac
the peaceable
the other side; the son O’Rourke returned his country with preys and much booty, and this took place the first month summer.
Maguire, Hugh, the son Cuchonacht,
marched with force, imitation Bryan O’Rourke's force; first proceeded through the
government those two, and their hostages and south Brefney, the left hand side Lough captives were under their controul, that they Allen, along the south Tirerrill and Corran,
the day, through The governor, Sir have been that
thing their property, great wealth, before May night hill before the gate Tulsk, the this year, and such their people had not been barony Roscommon, watching the surrounding extirpated, put death, were dispersed and scat country; party the governor’s cavalry were tered throughout Ireland, seek for subsistence. scouring the hills every direction about the
warlike dissension arose between Sir George Tulach (Hill), which was, and they did not
out the neighbouring country. English plundered them, that they left them no Richard Bingham, happened
the governor Michaelmas this year; the
Bingham, Ballymote, and Bryan Oge-na-Sam
thach (of the Battle-axes), the son Bryan, son Bryan, son Owen O’Rourke, about May
this year. The cause that contention was, that portion the queen's rent had not been received from Brefney that festival, Bryan O’Rourke
perceive, through the dark mist the early morn ing, until they and Maguire, with his cavalry, con fronted each other; the governor's cavalry having turned their backs them, they were hotly pur
sued by Maguire and his people, who continued slaying and cutting them down, until they reached
that day thirteen about Ballymote, and
the son
the side gentleman
Cobthach Roe Mac Gauran, who fell on
Bryan, and Gilbert Graisine (Grace), Sir George's people, who fell
parties, early the beginning
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588 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1593.
the border of the place where the governor was ; they then turned on Maguire, and pursued him in the same direction back, until he arrived in the
midst of his forces. When the governor saw that he had not an equal number of men with them, he returned back, and he himself, and those along with him, escaped from that dangerous conflict,
except William Clifart (Clifford), eminent gen tleman, together with five six horsemen, who
were slain that occasion; on the other side
there were slain Edmond Magauran, Primate
Armagh, who accidentally happened have Bacach. These numerous and very great forces been along with Maguire; the abbot Maguire, overran the country, the eastern side Lough namely, Cathal Mac Anabbadh Mac Caffry, i. e. Erne, from Carn More Slieve Beatha (the great Felim, and his brother's son; was on the Carn, Slievebagh mountain, the barony
3rd day the month July those were slain; but, however, Maguire was not followed from that time till night, and having carried off the preys, and great booty from the country,
by slow marches from one encampment until arrived Fermanagh. "
Maguire,and theforementioned Bryan O’Rourke,
The lord justice, after that, the following har
vest, commanded the great forces Meath, Lein ster, and Leath-Mogha (Munster), march into Ulster, and the governor the province Con naught commanded the forces, from the Shan non Drowis (Bundrowis, near Ballyshannon),
march and join them the river Erne. With respect the lord justice, gave his own com
Trough, county Monaghan, the border Tyrone), Easroe (at Ballyshannon). The earl Tyrone was not willing march that army,
but, however, his dread the English compelled
him serve them. When Hugh Maguire received intelligence that those great congregated forces, were marching towards him, sent his property and cattle, both cows and flocks, into Tirconnell for
mand that army the marshal Newry (Sir Henry Bagnall), and the earl Tyrone, namely, Hugh (O'Neill), the son Ferdorcha, son Conn
proceeded another,
were alliance, carrying war and devastation
against the English, during the Summer. Bryan, security, while himself, with the few forces
the son Hugh Oge, son Hugh, son John had along with him, his own territory, and Buighe Mac Mahon, Dartry Oirgiall, and common soldiers from other countries, remained the sons Eiver, the son Cu-ulla (Mac Ma on the western side the lake, Enniskillen, hon), Farney (both Monaghan), well oppose the English, determined not suffer them Richard, the son Ulick Burke, namely, Mac pass that place; they afterwards advanced Deamhain-an-Chorrain, were also plundering and long the left hand side the lake, until they ar
insurrection against the English. These Oir rived celebrated ford on the Erne, viz. , Ath giallians made attack company soldiers Chul-Uain; while they were coming that place, quartered Monaghan, and they slew the most Maguire, with his forces, was marching parallel
with them the western side the lake, until arrived the same ford on the other side; the English forces then entered the ford, which Ma
English forces were defeated, and Hugh Maguire transfixed with Death Primate Mac Gauran. -This prelate, Edmond spear, and slew the spot, Sir William Clifford, one the
them, which account proclamation was sent every great town Ireland, proclaiming those
we have mentioned, and their allies, be traitors.
Mac Gauran, was the old family the Mac Gaurans, chiefs Tullaghaw Cavan, and account him given Stuart's Armagh, and Brennan's Ecclesiastical History; was conse crated, Rome, archbishop Armagh, and on his arrival Ireland, 1593, large reward was offered for his apprehension
A. D. 1593.
the lord deputy, Sir William Russell, and consequently the
bishop was obliged keep himself concealed, and was protected
chiefly the residence his friend, Hugh Maguire, lord
Fermanagh, who refused give him the deputy. Maguire, unfortunately slew him; and the bishop himself was slain
above stated the text, having proceeded with his forces the thrust spear from one the English horsemen. against the English Connaught, was accompanied the bishop, erroneously stated Burgo, the Hibernia Dominicano, and having encountered the English, under the governor, Sir and by other writers, that the Primate Mac Gauran was Richard Bingham, they had sharp conflict place called slain 1598, near Armagh; but the correct account given Sciath-na-Fearta, which appears have been situated near Stuart's Armagh, and the Four Masters.
Tulsk, Roscommon many were slain both sides, but the
chief commanders the English. The bishop Mac Gauran was accompanied Cathal Maguire, and Felim Mac Caffry the standard-bearer, who, being attacked some the English ca valry, were prostrated the shock, and some Maguire's gal loglasses having rushed their aid, hearing the bishop's voice, they, consequence thick mist which prevailed
the time, mistook Cathal Maguire, who was valiantly defending his fallen friend, for one the English troopers, and
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 589
guire endeavoured to defend as well as he could, O'Kelly, of the Caladh, in the territory of Hy but, however, the proverb was verified, “that a Maine (in Galway), died; and the deceased was
host overcomes a few,” for the ford was obliged one of the greatest losses in Hy Maine.
to be given up to the English, and Maguire having O'Dwyer of Coill-na-Manach (barony of Kilma been defeated, a great number of his people were managh, in Tipperary), namely, Philip, the son of slain; the earl of Tyrone was wounded on that Anthony, died, and his son Dermod succeeded in
occasion. ” The governor of the province of Con naught, and the earl of Thomond, namely, Donogh,
the son of Conor, son of Donogh O’Brien, came to
join them (the English), on the other side of the
Erne, but they did no execution; and the gover
nor, with the forces of the province of Connaught,
proceeded to the monastery of Boyle, where he Baiscind (barony of Clonderlaw, in Clare), namely, remained for some time plundering Muintir Eoluis Teige, the son of Murrogh, son of Teige Roe, son (in Leitrim), and the west of Fermanagh; the of Torlogh, son of Teige, died; and his son, Tor men of Connaught afterwards returned to their logh Roe, succeeded in his place.
homes, and the earl of Tyrone, and the marshal, O'Sullivan of Beire, i. e. Eochy, the son of Der proceeded to their places, after spoiling much in mod, son of Donal, died; he was not, however, the Fermanagh. They left companies in the country O’Sullivan of Beire at that time, although he had to aid Conor Oge, the son of Conor Roe Maguire, formerly been so, for his brother's son, namely, who was in opposition to Maguire; unhappy and Donal, the son of Donal, son of Dermod, took disturbed were those from Clochar Mac Deimh Dun Baoi and Beire (Dunboy and Bear, in Cork), ene (Clogher), in Tyrone, to Raith Cruachain in from him the year previous to his death, by the Connaught (Croghan, in Roscommon), and from decision of the council of England and the council Traigh Eothuile (near Ballysadare, in Sligo), to of Ireland; and Donal himself was nominated
Brefney O’Reilly (county of Cavan), at that time. Mac Carthy Riavach, i. e. Owen, the son of
Donal, son of Fingin (Florence), lord of Carberry
(in Cork), died; he was a sensible, pious man, of a soldier of the queen’s people, in one of his own
good hospitality, and noble deeds, and Donal, the son of Cormac-na-Haoine, succeeded in his place. Mary, daughter of Cormac Oge, son of Teige
Mac Carthy, the wife of O'Sullivan More, died. Murtogh, theson of Conor, sonof'Torlogh O’Brien
of Druim Laighen (Dromline, in the barony of Bunratty, county of Clare), died, and was buried in his own town, i. e. Dromline; and his son Conor succeeded in his place.
Murtogh, the son of Donal, son of Conor O’Brien
of Tulcha (Tulla, in the county of Clare), died. Teige, the son of William, son of Teige Duv
towns in Tir Fiachrach of the Moy (barony of Tireragh, county of Sligo).
O'Heyne (of Galway), i. e. Hugh Buighe, the
son of Owen Mantach, son of Edmond, son of Flann, died.
The daughter of Mac I-Brien of Ara (in Tip perary), namely, Onora, the daughter of Torlogh, son of Murtogh, son of Donal, son of Teige, the wife of Peirce, son of Edmond of the Caladh (or Port), son of Pierce Roe Butler, died.
The lord justice, having collected a great force, proceeded unperceived through the adjoining terri
2.
O'Callaghan, and Shane Mac Teige O'Callaghan, were seized several Plough-lands according the said custom, subject never theless certain seigniories and duties, payable the O'Callaghan, and that they were removable him other lands his pleasure. ” From this appears that those who held lands under the tenure Tanistry were sort tenants will; but the chief removed any them, was bound provide for them other lands
the tribe territory, which must always continue possession the clan. Many the great Anglo-Irish families, particularly the Fitzgeralds Munster, and the Burkes Connaught, adopted the Irish language, manners, and customs, and the laws Tanis try; but the Statute Kilkenny and other Acts, such practices were punished treason felony. The laws Tanistry and Gavelkind, notwithstanding many penal enactments, continued
equity, and might prove advantageous properly administered. The learned Charles O'Conor, his Dissertations, says the laws administered Ireland during the English period, “during these times desolation, from Henry II. Elizabeth, the manners, customs, and condition the Irish proceeded from bad worse their own ancient laws were for the most part useless, hurtful, impracticable, and they were thrown out the protection those
used Ireland down the reign James when they were abolished Act Parliament. may stated that the Eric, fine for homicide, &c. , under the Brehon laws, was paid the
Edward O'Reilly, the Ware and Wallancy, sir John Davis, Spenser's
father, brother, wife, other relatives the person killed in jured; and, according Ware, the Brehon had for his fee the eleventh part the fine. Amongst the Anglo-Saxons, by the laws
king Athelstan, according Blackstone, fine denominated Weregild was paid for homicide, and this fine varied according
thirty thousand Thrysmas, each Thrysma being shilling modern times; the Weregild for sub the relatives the person slain, but that for the
death king was payable, one half the public, and the other the royal family. appears the Brehon laws, though very
defective many points, were founded spirit mildness and
the rank the person slain, from king peasant. The
Weregild for killing Ceorl, that churl peasant, was 266
Thrysmas, and even the killing king might compounded these notes, pp. 100, 133, some account has been given the
for fine equal about
ancient literature Connaught; and pp. 155, 181, 203, the ancient literature of Munster. The chief accounts of ancient Irish literature are given Ware's, Works, Walter Harris; bishop Nicholson's Irish Historical Library; Doctor O'Conor's Rerum
ject was paid
England. Political art, feeble planning, and lazy executing the good society, generally successful undertakings for its destruction. The whole this art, for 350 years, this kingdom, was exhausted schemes for oppressing the natives, without remorse mercy. ” Sir John Davis his Tracts, 227, says “there nation people under the sun that doth love equal and impartial justice better than the Irish, will rest better satisfied with the execution thereof, although against them selves, they may have the protection and benefit the law when upon just cause they desire it. ” Lord Coke says his Institutes, Book IV. , 349,
that havejudicial places
knowledge, that there
greater lovers justice than the Irish, which virtue must course
accompanied many others. ” -
Hereditary officers. --It has beenshown that the office Bards and Brehons was hereditary certain families, and were various
other offices, those physicians, military commanders,standard bearers, &c. , thus, for instance, the O'Hickeys and O’Cullenans were hereditary physicians Munster; the O'Cassidy's were the phy sicians the Maguires, lords Fermanagh theos)'Dunleveys were physicians Donegal, and the O'Shiels Westmeath. The O'Hanlons, chiefs Armagh, were hereditary standard-bearers the kings Ulster. The Mac Sweeneys Donegal; the Mac Donnells and Mac Sheehys Antrim, and the Mac Cabes Bres ney, Cavan, were all famous commanders galloglasses Ulster, under the O'Neills, O'Donnells, O'Reillys; Maguires, &c. ; and these fighting tribes were men great strength and valour, and were also often employed galloglasses under the Burkes Connaught, the Fitzgeralds, earls Kildare and Desmond, Leinster and Munster, and under the O'Briens, Mac Carthys, and other great families Munster. The Mac Dermotts, lords Moylurg, Roscommon, were hereditary marshals Connaught, and the Mac Namaras of Clare were marshals of Thomond. The O'Malleys Mayo, and the O'Flahertys Galway, were admirals
Connaught and the O’Briens Aran, Galway, were admi rals that coast; the O’Falveys and O'Driscolls were admirals Desmond. The O’Keeffes, O'Riordans, O'Sullivans, and O'Ma
honys, Cork and Kerry, were also military commanders note Munster. The O'Moores, lords Leix, were ancient times the marshals and chief military commanders Leinster; the
O'Molloys, King's county, were standard-bearers Leinster;
and the Mac Geoghegans were marshals Meath. The pre ceding account Brehonism and Tanistry has been collect
have been informed many those Ireland, and know partly my own nation the Christian world that are
from the Essay the Brehon Laws,
Annals the Four Masters, the Works
Cox's Hibernia Anglicana, the Tracts
View Ireland, O'Flaherty's Ogygia, the Dissertations Char les O'Conor, and other sources. may inentioned that there are still preserved, the library Trinity College, Dublin, large collections Irish manuscripts on the Brehon Laws, and there
valuable glossary these laws contained the ancient work called the Book Ballymote.
Ancient Literature of Ulster and Meath. -In the course
Hibernicarum Scriptores, and his Catalogue the Irish Ma nuscripts, the Duke Buckingham's library Stowe;
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582 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1592.
that O’Donnell came to, as he was aware of his in firmity and great age, was to give the lordship to his son, and to nominate him the O’Donnell, which
O'Reilly's Irish Writers; the Works Ussher, and Lani
gan's and Brennan's Ecclesiastical Histories; some accounts distinguished Irish writers are also given various Biographical Dictionaries. There are still existing vast collections ancient and valuable Irish MSS. various libraries Ireland, those Trinity College, Dublin, and the Royal Irish Academy; also
resolution was approved of by general, and which was accordingly done, for O’Firghil the Air chindeach (Archdeacon), was sent for, who inaugu
There are many the works all those Bards and historians ex tant, and they are enumerated O'Reilly's Irish Writers. ancient times there were, the kingdoms Meath and Ulster, now constituting the Archdiocese Armagh, many celebrated colleges and monasteries, seats learning and religion, those Clonmacnois, Clonard, Fore, Trim, Ardbraccan, Kells, and Slane,
many private libraries, particularly that Sir William Be Meath; Drogheda and Monasterboyce, Louth Armagh and tham. various libraries England there are great collections Downpatrick; Bangor and Newry, Down; the abbeys Derry Irish MSS. , those the Bodleian Library Oxford, and Donegal Clogher, Tyrone; Clones, Monaghan Deve
the British Museum, and Lambeth London, and the nish, Fermanagh, and Dromlane Cavan.
library the Duke Buckingham, Stowe, there an im The Book of Rights, called Irish Leabhar-na-goeart, was
mense and most valuable collection. In the libraries on the Con tinent there are also collections Irish MSS. , particularly Rome, Paris, and Louvain, and the libraries Spain and Por tugal, and said that there were Irish MSS. the Royal Library Copenhagan, which were carried off by the Danes from Ireland, the 10th and 11th centuries. vast number Irish MSS. were destroyed, particularly during the wars Elizabeth and Cromwell; Webb, his Analysis the Antiquities
Ireland, says, “it was, 'till the time James the object government discover and destroy all remains the literature the Irish, order the more fully eradicate from their minds every trace their ancient independence. ”
the Pagan times, many works note are recorded, and, ac cording Charles O'Conor, stated Duald Mac Firbis, the learned antiquary Leacan, that St. Patrick burned less than 180 volumes of the Books of the Druids at Tara. As Tara was the early agts the seat the Irish monarchy, there were many the chief Bards consequently connected with Meath, and ac count of various eminent Bards who flourished Meath and Uls ter the Pagan times, given O'Reilly's Writers. The most celebrated these were Adhna, Athairne, Forchern, Ferceirtne, and Neide, all whom flourished about the beginning the Christian era, the Court Emania, under Concovar Mac Neasa, the celebrated king Ulster. Oisin, Ossian, the third cen tury, was one the most celebrated the Irish Bards, and many poems attributed him are still extant; some the Ossianic poems have been translated, but many remain manuscript, and
observed, that they are very different from Ossian's Poems published Mac Pherson, who claimed the Irish Bard
first written the 5th century St. Beinin, Benignus, the successor St. Patrick, archbishop Armagh; but the work
was afterwards enlarged, with many additions made other writers the 12th century. gives account the Rights, Revenues, and Tributes, the monarchs, provincial kings and princes; parts
this work have been translated and published Vallancy’s Col lectanea; but the whole was published, with the necessary annotations, would form very valuable record ancient laws and regulations Ireland. Copies are the libraries Trinity College, and the Royal Irish Academy, and also the library Sir William Betham and translation into Eng lish has been made by the translator these Annals.
Books of Prophecies. —There are still extant various ancient Irish MSS. containing prophecies, some metre and others prose; they were composed by St. Cailin, bishop Down, Ab bot Fenagh, and Bec Mac De Oirgiall, the 5th century; by St. Columkille the 6th, and by SS. Braccan and Ultan, ab bots Ardbraccan, the 7th century. Another celebrated pro phet, St. Moling, bishop Ferns, flourished the 7th century;
accounts all these saints and prophets, and their works, are given O'Reilly’s Writers, and Lanigan.
The Books Armagh and Kells. -The Book Armagh, MSS. the 7th century, vellum, Irish and Latin, con tains Life St. Patrick, and his Confession, sketch his Life written himself; also Life St. Martin Tours; copy the Gospels, and other matters. This Book mentioned by St. Bernard, his Life St. Malachy, archbishop Armagh;
was, precious relic, preserved for ages silver shrine, which was lost; and modern times was contained case
native Scotland; but Mac Pherson's Ossianic Poems, leather, elegant workmanship. This venerable Book was kept though containing much poetical beauty, are chiefly fictions for many centuries the family Mac Moyre, near Armagh, who his own. were specially appointed for its stewardship but, about the year
The Psalter Tara was record the chief events Ireland, 1680, was taken London by Florence Mac Moyre, who being
from the most remote times, compiled by order the illustrious king Cormac, the 3rd century, and from this was chiefly com
posed, the latter end the 9th century, Cormac Mac Cul lenan, archbishop Cashel, the great work called the Psalter
Cashel, which an account has beengiven 204 these notes. Bards. Amongst the mosteminent Bards mentioned O'Reilly's
Irish Writers, Meath and Ulster, from the 5th the 12th century, are the following, whose works gives copious accounts: Tor Eigeas, Torna the Learned, chief Bard king Niall the
Nine Hostages the 5th century; Eochaidh Eigeas, called also
great poverty, sold for £5 Mr. Brownlow, and still
the possession the Rev. Mr. Brownlow Dublin. An ac count the Book Armagh given Ware, Ussher, and Dr.
O'Conor, and copious extracts from have been translated and published that learned work, the Irish Antiquarian Researches,
by Sir William Betham. The Book of Kells, considered have been written by St. Columkille, the 6th century, was preserved for many ages the Columbian monastery Kells, Meath, and now the library Trinity College, Dublin. contains manuscript the four gospels, and illuminated with decorations
St. Columkille, abbot Iona, the Hebrides, and apostle the Scots and Picts, the latter end the 6th century, and SS.
Dallan Forgaill, and Amergin,
Fathan, and Flann Mac Lonan,
Mac Lonan was called “the Virgil
10th century flourished Cormacan Eigeas; Cinaoth O’Hartigan, Adamnan and Cummian, abbots Iona the latter end the 7th
the 6th century; Maolmura the 9th century; this Flann the Milesian race. ” the
and Eochy O'Flinn, who were chief Bards and historians Meath
and Ulster, and are reckoned amongst the most famous the an
cient historians. the 11th century Erard Mac Coisi; Cuan
O'Lochain; Colman O'Seasnain; Flann Monasterboyce, and Lanigan and O'Reilly. Probus, learned lecturer Slane, wrote Giolla Caomhain, were famous poets and historians Meath life St. Patrick the 10th century, which given Colgan; and Ulster; and the 12th century Giolla Modula O'Cassidy, and the 12th century, Jocelin, learned monk Furness, abbot Ardbraccan Meath, and native Fermanagh, edu Lancashire, wrote life St. Patrick, under the patronage
cated Devenish, was celebrated poet and historian, and wrote valuable chronological poem the Christian kings Ireland,
which given the 1st volume O'Conor's Rer. Hib. Scriptores.
Thomas O'Conor, archbishop Armagh. the 11th and 12th centuries, several the archbishops Armagh, Dubhdalethe, Celsus, Gelasius, St. Malachy, &c. , were eminent for learning and
surpassing beauty.
century, all natives Tirconnell, Donegal, and the race Hy Niall, were amongst the most eminent and learned ecclesiastics Europe those ages, and accounts their works are given by
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 583
rated Hugh Roe in the government of the territory by law established, he nominated him the O’Don by command and with the blessing of his father, nell, on the 3rd of May. O’Donnell, i. e. Hugh
and having performed the ceremony of the title as *
sanctity, and accounts of their works are given by Ware, Ussher, and Lanigan.
The Book of Dinseanchus was originally composed in the 6th century, by Amergin, chief bard to the monarch Dermod, at Tara;
but many additions have been made to it by later writers. This celebrated work gives an account of noted places, as Fortresses, Raths, Cities, Plains, Mountains, Lakes, Rivers, &c. , and of the
Roe, did not allow that small force which he had
as natives of Scotland, for which they had no grounds but the sur name Scotus ; but the Irish in ancient times, as before explained were called Scoti, or Scots, and Ireland was named Scotia.
The Annals of Ulster were compiled, in the 15th century, by Cathal or Charles Maguire, a native of Fermanagh, an eminent and learned ecclesiastic, who was dean of Clogher, a canon of Ar magh, &c. , and whose death is recorded at the year 1498, and p. 336, in these Annals, with some account of his work, and an
origin of their names, and contains much interesting information on
ancient Irish history and topography. Copies of it are in various eloquent eulogium on his learning and virtues. These Annals,
libraries, and a copy of the original, contained in a vellum MS. of the 9th century, is in the library of Sir William Betham.
The Annals of Tigearnach, compiled in the 11th century by Tigearnach, abbot of Clonmacnois, whose death is recorded in the Four Masters, and in O'Reilly's Irish Writers, at A. D. 1088; he was one of the most learned men of that age, and his Annals are considered as one of the Inost authentic works on ancient Irish
history; they contain the history of Ireland from the reign of Kimbaoth, king of Emania and monarch of Ireland, who flourished
about 350 years before the Christian era, down to the death of the author, in the 11th century; and, according to O'Reilly, they
after the death of the Author, were continued to 1541 by Roderick O'Cassidy, archdeacon of Clogher. The Annals of Ulster are written, partly in Irish, and partly in Latin, and contain the his
tory of Ireland from the 1st to the 16th century, and are con sidered very authentic, giving a concise account of the various events. There are copies of these Annals in several libraries in Eugland, and in Dublin, and they have beenpublished in Latin, from the 5th to the 12th century, namely, from A. D. 431, to A. D. 1131, in Dr. O'Connor's Rer. Hib. Scriptores; but if these Annals were translated into English, and published with the necessary annotations, they would form a very valuable contribution to Irish history.
were continued to the 16th century by Augustin Mac Gradian, or
Mac Craith, a monk of the abbey of All Saints, on Lough Ree, in
the river Shannon, and county of Longford. O'Reilly says there
is a copy of these Annals in the library of Trinity College, Dublin.
The Annals of Tigearmach are partly in Irish, and partly in Latin,
and have been published in Latin by Dr. O'Conor, in the Rerun
Hib. Scriptores; but if these Annals were translated into English,
and published with proper annotations, they would form one of the
most valuable works on ancient Irish history. The Cronicon the celebrated O'Clerys Donegal, and are one the most Scotorum, an ancient work, composedat Clonmacnois, written in
Irish and continued to 1150, contains much information on the ancient history of Ireland; there is a copy of it in the possession
of Mr. Geraghty, the publisher of these Annals, and another in the library of Sir William Betham.
Marianus Scotus, the cotemporary of Tigearneach, was a monk at Clonmacnois and Clonard, but having left Ireland about A. D. 1056, and going to Germany, spent many years at the monasteries and colleges of Cologne and Fulda, and lastly at Mentz, where he
died, A. D. 1086. He is admitted to have beenone of the most learned men in Europe in the middle ages,and particularly eminent as a Chronographer and Antiquary. His works were published at Basil, in 1559, and there is a copy of his celebrated Chronicle in the British Museum.
Johannes Duns Scotus, a native of Down, and hence surnamed
Dunensis, signifying of Down, which was contracted into Duns, was
born near Downpatrick, in the latter end of the 13th century, A. D. 1274. He displayed, from his youth, vast abilities, and being edu
important works ever written Irish history; they comprise the Annals Ireland from the earliest ages the 17th century.
cated for some time at the schools of Ireland, he went to England,
and entered Merton College in Oxford; he became a Franciscan
friar, and was a lecturer at Oxford, and afterwards at Paris, on Mac Geoghegan, learned writer, native Westmeath, who dates Theology, Philosophy, &c. , and from his great abilities, and acute
ness of intellect, he was denominated The subtle Doctor. In
Theology, Metaphysics, and Philosophy, he was scarcely equalled
by any man in Europe, and he, and his great rival as a Theologian,
the renowned St. Thomas Aquinas, divided the literary and re translation from ancient MSS. , but has never been printed, though
ligious world into two great sects, the followers of one being desig nated Thomists, and of the other Scotists. The illustrious Duns Scotus died at Cologne, A. D. 1308, at the early age of 34, but left to posterity an imperishable name. His vast works were, in 1639, published at Lyons, in 12 volumes folio, edited by the cele brated Irish writer Luke Wadding, a native of Waterford, whose Life of Scotus is given in his great work, the History of the Fran ciscans. From his great fame, Duns Scotus has beenclaimed by some writers as a native of Scotland, by others as an Englishman, and it may also be observed that Johannes Scotus Erigena, an Irishman, and one of the most learned and celebrated men in Europe
containing much important information Irish history. There
in the 9th century, and Marianus Scotus above mentioned, have veral folio volumes Latin, the Lives the Irish saints. He pub been all absurdly claimed by Dempster and other Scotch writers, lished Louvain, 1645, one large volume folio, part this
The Books of Ulster and of Oirgiall, copies of which are contained in the Books of Leacan and Ballymote, give an account of the ancient history of Ulster, kings, princes, chiefs and clans, and contain much important information, and should translated and published.
The Annals the Four Masters, which full account has been given the Introduction this publication, were compiled chiefly
The Book Invasions, called also the Book Conquests, Irish named Leabhar Gabhala, which account given
O'Reilly's Writers,
O'Clerys Donegal,
monastery Lisgoole,
Bryan Roe Maguire, first baron Enniskillen. This book was compiled from numerous ancient records, and the works the Bards &c. , and gives an account all the ancient colonies that peopled Ireland, and made conquests the country, the Par tholanians, Nemedians, Fomorians, Firbolg Belgians, Danans, Milesians, and Danes. This great work contains vast information
Irish history and antiquities, and there are copies ac cording O'Reilly, Trinity College, and other libraries Dub lin, and there also one the library Sir William Betham.
1632, was chiefly compiled
the beginning the 17th century, the
Fermanagh, under the patronage
the Book Invasions was translated and published, with the necessary annotations, would form extremely interesting work on ancient Irish history.
The Book Clonmacnois, compiled the 17th century Conla the work the last day June, 1627. was compiled from
various ancient annals, and contains Ireland, from the earliest times down century, ending 1466.
abstract the history the middle the 15th
Dublin, these
Colgan's Lives the Irish Saints. -John Colgan,
Donegal, became Franciscan friar, and lecturer Theology, the Irish monastery called the College St. Anthony, Louvain,
where died A. D. 1658. He was man vast learning, particularly Irish ecclesiastical history and antiquities, and after intense application and study, for period about 30 years,
with immense labour and indefatigable industry compiled se
are copies Trinity College, and other libraries and one the possession Mr. Geraghty, the publisher Annals.
written English, being
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584 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1592.
there collected to disperse, until he marched them, no notice or warning was sent to them, for they did both horse and foot, into the borders of the territory not think that he was restored to a state ofefficiency of the race of Owen, the son of Niall (Tyrone); from the confinement in which he had been, neither
work, entitled “Acta Sanctorum Veteris et Majoris Scotiae seu Hiberniae,” containing the Acts of the Irish Saints for January, February, and March. In 1647 he published, at Louvain, in ano ther large folio, the Lives of SS. Patrick, Bridget, and Columkille, the three great tutelar Saints of Ireland, which work he styled Trias Thaumaturga, and he dedicated it to Hugh O'Reilly, arch bishop of Armagh. Several other volumes of Colgan's MSS. , unpublished, on the Lives of the Irish Saints, are said to remain still at Louvain. Colgan's works contain vast information on Irish his tory, Antiquities, and Topography, but they are so rare, that when they occasionally turn up at book sales, they cost 20 guineas or more, and it would be a great desideratum to have them translated into English, and published with proper annotations. An account of Colgan and his works is given in Brennan's Ecclesiastical History.
o
tive of Meath, a famous Irish poet, is mentioned by O’Reilly in the year 1715, and he enumerates his compositions. James Mac Cuairt, a eclebrated Bard in Ulster, is mentioned by O'Reilly in the year 1712, and he enumerates a great many of his composi tions in Irish, particularly a poem on the Battle of Aughrim. Many poets of the O'Reillys, Mac Bradys, O'Clerys, O’Farrellys, and Mac Cabes, in the county of Cavan, are mentioned by O'Reilly in the 18th century. Hugh O'Reilly, of the county of Cavan, an eminent lawyer in the reign of king James II. , wrote an excellent compendium on the history of Ireland, and the wars of Elizabeth and Cromwell.
Irish Catechisms. —The Rev. Francis O’Molloy a native of Meath, a Franciscan and lecturer in the College of St. Isidore at Rome, published in that city, in the year 1076, an Irish catechism, which is highly esteemed, and entitled Lochran-na-goreideamh ach, i. e. Lucerna Fidelium, or the Lamp of the Faithful; he also published a good Irish grammar. Bonaventure O'Hosey, a native
Hugh Ward, a native of Donegal, went to Spain, and studied
at Salamanca ; he becamea Franciscan friar, and learned lecturer
in Divinity, at the Irish College in Louvain, where he died in
1635. He was, like Colgan, a man of vast learning and industry;
he collected an immense number of ancient Irish MSS. , of which
Colgan made use when compiling the Lives of the Irish Saints.
Ward wrote many works on Irish ecclesiastical history and anti
quities, mentioned by Brennan, amongst others, a Life of St.
Ru
moldus, who was bishop of Dublin, and afterwards bishop of
Mechlin, in the Netherlands, in the eighth century. Many emi
nent writers, poets, historians, &c. of the O'Clerys, and Mac Meath, and diocese of Kilmore. The Rev. Paul O'Brien, of whom
Wards of Donegal, in the 16th and 17th centuries, are mentioned in O'Reilly’s Irish Writers.
Many of the Catholic archbishops of Armagh, from the 14th to the 18th century, were eminent and learned men, of whom the fol lowing may be mentioned : Richard Fitzralph, who died in 1360, is said to have got the Bible translated into Irish. The Primate Octavian de Palatio, a Florentine, who died in 1513, was a man of great learning. George Dowdall, who died in 1558, wrote a Life of John de Courcy, and other works. Richard Creagh, who died in 1585, wrote several works on 1rish ecclesiastical history, Lives of saints, &c. Peter Lombard, who died in 1625, wrote a learned work on Irish history, entitled “de Regno Hibernia, Sanc torum Insula. ” Hugh Mac Caghwell, who died in 1626, wrote many learned works on Theology. The Primate, Oliver Plunket, who was put to death in London, in 1681, wrote a poem in the Irish language, celebrating Teamhair na Riogh, or Tara of the kings.
Jus Primatiale Armacanum, a work maintaining the authority
of the See of Armagh, as the seat of the Primacy, over that of Dub lin, was written and published in 1728, by Hugh Mac Mahon,
archbishop of Armagh, who died in 1737. This learned and cele brated work decided, in favour of Armagh, the controversy which had been carried on for many centuries, between the Sees of Dub lin and Armagh, respecting the Primacy. Michael O'Reilly, Pri mate of Armagh, who died at Drogheda about A. D. I758, published an Irish Catechism, which is in high estimation. Accounts of all these writers are given in Ware, in Stuart's Armagh, O'Reilly's Irish Writers, and Brennan's Ecclesiastical History.
Patrick Fleming, a relative of the lords of Slane, who died about A. D. 1623, wrote a Life of St. Columbanus and other works.
an account is given in O'Reilly's Writers, was likewise a native of the parish of Kilmainham Wood, and a relative of Carolan, the Bard. Dr. O'Brien was Irish Professor at the College of May nooth, where he died in 1820; he was a man of great abilities and acquirements, possessedgreat wit and poetical talents; he wrote many poems, and published an Irish grammar.
O'Reilly's Irish Writers and Dictionary. —Edward O'Reilly, a native of Meath, descended from the O'Reillys of Cavan, was an eminent Irish scholar, and secretary to the Hiberno-Celtic Society in Dublin, where he died in 1830. He published in the Transactions of the Hiberno-Celtic Society, in 1820, an Account of eminent Irish Writers from the earliest ages, to near the end of the 18th century; he also published an excellent Irish dictionary and grammar; Essays on the Brehon Laws, on the Poems of Ossian, &c.
Mac Geoghegan's History of Ireland. —This work was written in French by the Abbé James Mac Geoghegan, a learned ecclesi astic, a native of Westmeath, who resided for many years in France, and died at Paris in 1755; his History was published at Paris in 1758, and it was dedicated by Mac Geoghegan to the officers of the Irish Brigade in the service of France. This valuable work contains an Epitome of the history of Ireland, from the earliest ages to the end of the Revolution, and Treaty of Limerick, with
some other affairs terminating at A. D. 1692, but giving a short account of some subsequent events connected with the Irish Bri gades. This History was translated from the French by Patrick O'Kelly, and published in Dublin in the year 1835, in three vols. ; but was republished in 1844, in a very elegant style, in one large volume 8vo. , by Duffy of Dublin.
Taaffe's History of Ireland, written by the Rev. Dennis The Ecclesiastical Annals of Ireland, a valuable work, writ Taaffe, a native of Louth ; he was a Franciscan friar, and studied
ten in Latin, was published at Rome in 1690, by Francis Porter, a
native of Meath, a Franciscan, who died at Rome in 1702; he was a man of great learning, and published many other important
works mentioned by Brennan. -
Irish Dictionaries, &c. —In the year 1662is mentioned,in O’Reil
ly's Writers, Richard Plunket, a Franciscan friar of Trim in Meath,
who wrote a Latin and Irish dictionary, of which there are copies United Irishmen; he died in Thomas street, Dublin, in the year in Marsh's library, and in Trinity College, Dublin. Teige O'Neagh 1813, in the 60th year of his age. In writing his History of tan or Norton, a native of Meath, mentioned by O'Reilly in 1742, Ireland, his chief patrons were John Keogh, of Mount Jerome, and wrote an English-Irish dictionary, which is in the library of Trinity Dr. Mac Carthy, bishop of Cork. Taaffe's History of Ireland was College, Dublin, and also many poems. John O'Neaghtan, a na published in 1810, in four volumes 8vo. by Christie, in Dublin
of Fermanagh, wrote an excellent Irish catechism and Prayer Book, published at Rome in 1707, by the Society de Propaganda
Fide. The Rev. Andrew Donlevey, a native of Donegal, publish ed at Paris, in 1742, an Irish catechism, which is considered a work of great merit.
Torlogh O'Carolan, the famous Bard and Harper, who has been already mentioned in this article in the account of the Bards, was a native of Newtown, near Kilmainham Wood, in the county of
sometime in the University of Prague, and was a man of great abilities, but of eccentric habits. On his return to Ireland, he resided chiefly in Dublin, and, in 1798, actively cooperated with
the United Irishmen, and commanded personally with great bra very in Wexford and Wicklow ; his Biography is given in Cox's Irish Magazine, Lawless's History of Ireland, and Madden’s
did they contemplate to before the Tirconnal lians any former time. All the adjoining parts Tyrone were laid waste fire and sword by
that small force; every person taken who was
capable making resistance was put the sword and slain; this force having collected great booty,
Being written with too much haste, and under adverse cir cumstances, has some faults arrangement and chrono logical accuracy, but, notwithstanding, contains much interest ing information, written bold and patriotic style, and abounds
brilliant passages great spirit and beauty, with many power ful invectives against anti-Irish writers.
Curry's Civil Wars Ireland, written by John Curry, M. D. native Cootehill, the county Cavan he resided chiefly
Drogheda, andShirley's History Farney Monaghan.
Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores Veteres. —This work has been
Wars Ireland was first printed 1775, but has been several times republished Dublin. This valuable work contains com pilations from various sources, the wars Ireland the reign
Elizabeth, the Insurrection 1641, the Cromwellian war and the War the Revolution, with accounts the confiscations,
Charles O'Conor, the eminent literary family the O'Conors Roscommon, nephew the celebrated Charles O'Conor Belen agare. Dr. O'Conor was Librarian the late Duke Buckingham
Penal laws, &c.
the 17th and 18th centuries, many the Protestant Primates
bernicarum Scriptores Veteres was, the cost many thousand pounds, printed Buckingham between the years 1814 and 1826,
four large 4to. volumes. Sir Palgrave, his Rise the English Commonwealth, says this publication, “A work which, whether we consider the learning the editor, the value the materials, the princely munificence the Duke Buckingham,
whose expense was produced, without parallel modern
literature. ” The translator these Annals has had the high ho
mour being presented with copy the Rerum Hibernicarum Scriptores, his Grace the present Duke Buckingham, who has, this act liberality, evinced hereditary regard for the interests Irish literature; and may observed, that from these valuable volumes, presented his Grace, has been ex tracted vast deal the original matter, given the annotations
Armagh were very learned men, and eminent writers, particu larly the illustrious James Ussher, one the most learned men Europe the 17th century. The Primates John Bramhall, and John Hoadly, were likewise eminent writers. Many the bishops
the Archdiocese Armagh were highly distinguished these
times, William Bedell, bishop Kilmore, and Jeremy Taylor,
bishop Down and Connor, both whom were eminent for their learning and virtues; Bedell's Bible, containing the Old Testament
Prelate, published Church. Accounts their works, are given
Toland's History
1840, History the Irish Protestant the learned bishops above mentioned, and
Ware and Stuart's Armagh.
Druidism, and various other well known the celebrated John Toland, native
Trinity College gives the ancient history kings, princes, chiefs, and clans, and would
works, were written
Donegal, born Inisowen, near Derry, 1670; his name Irish was O'Tuathalain, which he anglicised Toland. His History
the Irish Druids learned work, and was republished Mon trose, Scotland, 1814.
Leinster, which should also
The Book Kilkenny, ancient work, often
Archdall's Monasticon and Lodge's Peerage. —The Rev. Mervyn
Archdall, native Fermanagh, tor Slane Meath, compiled still remain MS. Dublin,
Protestant clergyman, and rec several volumes, some which account the Monasteries
Ireland and other matters Ecclesiastical History. He published 1786 his Monasticon Hibernicum, very valuable work, giving account the Monasteries Ireland from the
earliest edition ditions
ages the Reformation; also published 1789 an
vols. Lodge's Peerage, with many valuable ad the original work.
Stuart's Armagh, printed Newry 1819, was written
the Rev. Dr. James Stuart, and excellent and impartial work containing the History Armagh from the earliest times, with accounts all the Catholic and Protestant Archbishops, and much general information Irish history and antiquities.
There are various other works connected with the history and topography Ulster, which may mentioned, Pynnar's Survey Ulster Harris's Hibernica; Dubordieu's Surveys Down
and Antrim, and Harris's Survey Down. Sampson's Survey Derry; Mac Evoy's Survey Tyrone, and Mac Parlan's Survey Donegal. Sir Charles Coote's Surveys Armagh, Monaghan and Cavan, Thompson's Survey Meath; and Survey West
meath Sir Henry Piers, Vallancy's Collectanea. Wright's
the Annals Ireland Thady Dowling, chancellor the latter end the 16th century, may mentioned
Leighlin, works
REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
and comprises the period from the English invasion 1810. Louthiana the Antiquities Louth; D'Alton's History
one side, together with many learned Dissertations ancient Irish Dublin, where he died about 1780. His Review the Civil literature, &c. This great work was compiled the Rev. Dr.
translated into Irish, well known work. Richard Pococke,
bishop Meath, was celebrated antiquary and traveller the
East. William Nicholson, bishop Derry, was Author the
English, Irish, and Scotch Historical Libraries, and various other
learned works. Thomas Percy, bishop Dromore, was the cele
brated Author Reliques Ancient Poetry, and many other The ancient Literature Leinster. —A full account the an works. John Stearne, bishop Dromore and Clogher, was
learned Prelate, and great collector Irish MSS. , which are de posited Trinity College. Francis Hutchinson, bishop Down and Connor, published, 1734, Defence the Ancient History
Ireland. Richard Mant, bishop Down and Connor, learned
cient literature this province will given future time, should opportunity occur. Amongst the principal works, the
already mentioned, 134, contains many the chief works
the Annals the Four Masters,
the Annals Inisfallen, Tigearmach, and Boyle; and the
Annals Ulster, all translated into Latin, with the Irish text
contained the library
the Books Leacanand Ballyinote and copy
ster, and valuable work per annotations.
the library the history
the Literature Connaught. the ancient Irish annalists,
Stowe, and, under his patronage, this work, entitled Rerum Hi
the English invasion 1171
the course these Annals, never before published, and containing important information, and copious illustrations Irish history.
following may mentioned: The Book Leinster, which
Lein translated into English, and published with pro
O'Reilly ancient work
Festiology Aengus Cele De, celebrated writer the 8th century, who was abbot Clonenagh, the diocese Leighlin, and Queen's county, and who was native Dalaradia, the county Down, Ulster; was man great learning, and his work one the most important now extant the Lives the ancient Saints Ireland, but has never been translated published; there are copies the libraries Trinity College, and the Royal Irish Academy. The Book Howth, said
the Lambeth Library, London, was ancient work
note, and from chiefly was compiled Hanmer's Chronicle. The Annals Ireland, James Grace, prior St. John's Kilkenny,
written the 16th century; the Annals Ireland, John Clynn, Franciscan friar Kilkenny, the 14th century, and
The Book Glendalough, said Trinity College, Dublin,
and published.
quoted Colgan, his Lives the Irish Saints. The Feilire,
connected with the ancient literature Leinster. Analecta Sacra; Hibernia Resurgens Hierographia
Hiber nia and various other works Irish Ecclesiastical History and An tiquities, and the religious persecutions Ireland, were written David Roth, bishop Ossory, who died 1650,and much
praised Ware for his great learning; the above works were pub iished Cologne and other places between the years 1616 and 1640. The Bleeding Iphigenia, published Louvain 1674,and other
works, chiefly vindication the Confederate Catholics the war 1641, &c. , were written Nicholas French, bishop Ferns.
translated
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586 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1592.
including cattle and flocks, returned into their own should pursuit such again, would territory. The fortress of O’Neill, i. e. of Torlogh not receive O’Donnell forgave him that oc
Luineach, was at that time at Strabane, and it was never customary for the O’Neill to reside there un the time that Torlogh; great was his ani
casion, and having returned back, remained
three days and nights the district, from which
the protected preys had been carried off, destroying mosity against the Tirconnallians, and against and completely devastating it; then proceeded
the brother-in-law O’Donnell, namely, the earl O'Neill. O'Neill brought party the English
Dublin aid him against the Tirconnallians, and the earl O’Neill, namely, captain Willis, and captain Fulart, with two hundred soldiers. was
back arrived space
his own country, and did not halt until Donegal, where remained for the
source mental affliction young O’Donnell
that the English Dublin should have come
the borders his territory, traverse his patri
mony, and the province large, which induced
him, week’s time, march with force into
Tyrone; the people the country fled they not leave the stronghold the fortress fight
had done former occasions, until they reached Ciannachta Glen Geimhin (now the barony Kenaught, Derry); proceeded until came close where O’Neill and the English were, with their troops, and O’Donnell commanded his forces
them, and when they were not encountered bat tle, what they did was set fire and flames the four sides the town, and they did not cease until they burned the houses that were outside the walls, and when they could not get the English
attack them their position; this they accord out prevent the destruction, they returned
ingly did, and made fierce rush and charge them mid-day; when they beheld the Tircon mallians advancing, they did not wait for them, but retreated protect themselves castle, which stood on the banks the river, called Roa (the river Roe, Derry); that was impregnable castle, and was the fortress O’Kane, and O’Don nell laid siege the castle. O’Kane sent his messenger O’Donnell, with writing, and the contents the letter were, that O’Donnell was foster-son his, that had formerly ratified his friendship for him, and that, under the protection
that friendship, hoped might spared
that occasion, behalf the property which had come under his guarantee and protection, and that,
Florilegium Insulae Sanctorum, &c. , learned work the Lives the Irish Saints, was written by the Rev. Thomas Mes singham, and published Paris 1624.
their homes with victory. As the earl O’Neill, when perceived the enmity Hugh Roe O’Donnell’s own kindred towards him, what did was proceed the lord justice, namely, William Fitzwilliam, obtain protection for O’Donnell appear before him, and hold con ference with him Dundalk, which was granted him; and having gone for O’Donnell Donegal,
took him with him Dundalk, and both having appeared before the lord justice, received them very kindly, and forgave O’Donnell for having
escaped, and they confirmed their peace and friend ship towards each other the strictest manner possible; these chiefs having taken their leave the lord justice, they left him their blessings, and
ham, and Burgo, and their various works, are given Ware and Brennan's Ecclesiastical History.
Ware's Works accounts are given many learned writers, ancient and modern times Leinster, and the learned arch bishops Dublin, and bishops other sees Leinster, accounts are given Ware's Bishops by Harris; full account the Pri
Hibernia Dominicana, written by Thomas Burgo, Burke,
bishop Ossory, who died 1786. He was distinguished for
great learning and abilities, and, 1762, published his Hibernia
Dominicana, History the Dominican Monasteries Ireland, mates also given D'Alton's Archbishops Dublin. Amongst with an account of all the eminent men of the 1)ominican Order. the learned men Leinster may mentioned many eminent The work also contains immenseinformation Irish history, with Anglo-Irish Writers, most whose works were composed genealogies and biographies distinguished Irishmen the service
foreign states, &c. , and translated into English, and published, would form valuable work on Irish history. The Ilibernia Dominicana wasprinted Kilkenny, though said the title page
have been published Cologne, for such works were that time prohibited the Irish government; Burgo also wrote Lives several Irish saints. Accounts Roth, French, Messing
Dublin, the Histories, Annals and Chronicles Giraldus Cam brensis, Stanihurst, Hanmer, and Campion, Spenser's View Ire land, Ware's Antiquities and Bishops Harris, Vallancey's Collectanea, Grose's and Ledwich's Antiquities, Cox's Hibernia Anglicana, Carew's Pacata Hibernia, the Histories Ireland, &c.
Fynes Morrison, Leland, Warner, Borlase, Temple, Carte, Clarendon, Plowden, &c.
two months under cure. He considered too long that O’Neill and his English should not attacked during that time, and having col lected his forces, they marched over Barnus More, across the rivers Finn and Mourne, their pro
gress Strabane, where O’Neill and his English
were, and they did not halt until they arrived just before them; O’Neill, however, his English, did
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the bridge the monastery Boyle, and into the plains Connaught, and sent forth his predatory
Connaught), whom we have mentioned, surrendered themselves
The Clan William (Burkes
REIGN OF ELIZABETH.
587
returned to their respective homes. When those maintaining that the rents not paid were
of the Tirconnallians who were in opposition to the waste lands, and that (Bingham), had
O'Donnell, heard of his having made peace with right demand rent from those wastes until they
the lord justice, they came peace and friend were set. Sir George sent soldiers into Brefney
ship
him the most eminent those who came
make prey lieu the rent, and the pledges which they happened meet with were Bryan O'Rourke's own milch cows; Bryan went de
restoration, granted him, mand their but was not
and having returned his own country, sent for some common soldiers and mercenaries into
Tyrone, Tirconnell, and Fermanagh; after they
had come him, did not halt day night until arrived Ballymote, and when near that town sent forth his scouring parties through the
two Triochas (baronies) the Mac Donoghs, viz. , Corran and Tirerrill Sligo), and very little those two territories that they did not plunder that single predatory expedition; also burned
there were Hugh, the son Huge Duv, son Hugh Roe (O’Donnell), Niall Garv, the son
Con, Calvach, -Manus, Hugh son son son
Duv (O’Donnell), and his brethren, and O'Dogh erty, namely, John Oge, the son John, son Felim, son Conor Carrach, after had been taken prisoner him.
A. D. 1593.
O'Donnell, i. e. Hugh Roe, was his own family
residence Lifford, the month January, this year, watching his enemy, namely, Torlogh Luin-
each, son Niall Conallach (O’Neill); continu wreak his vengeance and animosity him,
expel him from his lordship, and reduce him, order have Hugh O'Neill appointed his place;
was well for him that took the forethought, for lordship was granted Hugh O’Neill, and
Torlogh Luineach consented and submitted have the title conferred him. Hugh O’Neill, the earl, was then nominated the O’Neill, and Torlogh Luineach sent away the English had with him, after had made peace with O’Neill and O’Don
towns, every direction completely plundered Ballymote itself, well the other towns; many were slain who are not recorded, among whom were
nell; and this affair took place May precisely. The province
Neasa (Ulster), was subjected
the month Conor Mac
the peaceable
the other side; the son O’Rourke returned his country with preys and much booty, and this took place the first month summer.
Maguire, Hugh, the son Cuchonacht,
marched with force, imitation Bryan O’Rourke's force; first proceeded through the
government those two, and their hostages and south Brefney, the left hand side Lough captives were under their controul, that they Allen, along the south Tirerrill and Corran,
the day, through The governor, Sir have been that
thing their property, great wealth, before May night hill before the gate Tulsk, the this year, and such their people had not been barony Roscommon, watching the surrounding extirpated, put death, were dispersed and scat country; party the governor’s cavalry were tered throughout Ireland, seek for subsistence. scouring the hills every direction about the
warlike dissension arose between Sir George Tulach (Hill), which was, and they did not
out the neighbouring country. English plundered them, that they left them no Richard Bingham, happened
the governor Michaelmas this year; the
Bingham, Ballymote, and Bryan Oge-na-Sam
thach (of the Battle-axes), the son Bryan, son Bryan, son Owen O’Rourke, about May
this year. The cause that contention was, that portion the queen's rent had not been received from Brefney that festival, Bryan O’Rourke
perceive, through the dark mist the early morn ing, until they and Maguire, with his cavalry, con fronted each other; the governor's cavalry having turned their backs them, they were hotly pur
sued by Maguire and his people, who continued slaying and cutting them down, until they reached
that day thirteen about Ballymote, and
the son
the side gentleman
Cobthach Roe Mac Gauran, who fell on
Bryan, and Gilbert Graisine (Grace), Sir George's people, who fell
parties, early the beginning
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588 ANNALS OF THE FOUR MASTERS, A. D. 1593.
the border of the place where the governor was ; they then turned on Maguire, and pursued him in the same direction back, until he arrived in the
midst of his forces. When the governor saw that he had not an equal number of men with them, he returned back, and he himself, and those along with him, escaped from that dangerous conflict,
except William Clifart (Clifford), eminent gen tleman, together with five six horsemen, who
were slain that occasion; on the other side
there were slain Edmond Magauran, Primate
Armagh, who accidentally happened have Bacach. These numerous and very great forces been along with Maguire; the abbot Maguire, overran the country, the eastern side Lough namely, Cathal Mac Anabbadh Mac Caffry, i. e. Erne, from Carn More Slieve Beatha (the great Felim, and his brother's son; was on the Carn, Slievebagh mountain, the barony
3rd day the month July those were slain; but, however, Maguire was not followed from that time till night, and having carried off the preys, and great booty from the country,
by slow marches from one encampment until arrived Fermanagh. "
Maguire,and theforementioned Bryan O’Rourke,
The lord justice, after that, the following har
vest, commanded the great forces Meath, Lein ster, and Leath-Mogha (Munster), march into Ulster, and the governor the province Con naught commanded the forces, from the Shan non Drowis (Bundrowis, near Ballyshannon),
march and join them the river Erne. With respect the lord justice, gave his own com
Trough, county Monaghan, the border Tyrone), Easroe (at Ballyshannon). The earl Tyrone was not willing march that army,
but, however, his dread the English compelled
him serve them. When Hugh Maguire received intelligence that those great congregated forces, were marching towards him, sent his property and cattle, both cows and flocks, into Tirconnell for
mand that army the marshal Newry (Sir Henry Bagnall), and the earl Tyrone, namely, Hugh (O'Neill), the son Ferdorcha, son Conn
proceeded another,
were alliance, carrying war and devastation
against the English, during the Summer. Bryan, security, while himself, with the few forces
the son Hugh Oge, son Hugh, son John had along with him, his own territory, and Buighe Mac Mahon, Dartry Oirgiall, and common soldiers from other countries, remained the sons Eiver, the son Cu-ulla (Mac Ma on the western side the lake, Enniskillen, hon), Farney (both Monaghan), well oppose the English, determined not suffer them Richard, the son Ulick Burke, namely, Mac pass that place; they afterwards advanced Deamhain-an-Chorrain, were also plundering and long the left hand side the lake, until they ar
insurrection against the English. These Oir rived celebrated ford on the Erne, viz. , Ath giallians made attack company soldiers Chul-Uain; while they were coming that place, quartered Monaghan, and they slew the most Maguire, with his forces, was marching parallel
with them the western side the lake, until arrived the same ford on the other side; the English forces then entered the ford, which Ma
English forces were defeated, and Hugh Maguire transfixed with Death Primate Mac Gauran. -This prelate, Edmond spear, and slew the spot, Sir William Clifford, one the
them, which account proclamation was sent every great town Ireland, proclaiming those
we have mentioned, and their allies, be traitors.
Mac Gauran, was the old family the Mac Gaurans, chiefs Tullaghaw Cavan, and account him given Stuart's Armagh, and Brennan's Ecclesiastical History; was conse crated, Rome, archbishop Armagh, and on his arrival Ireland, 1593, large reward was offered for his apprehension
A. D. 1593.
the lord deputy, Sir William Russell, and consequently the
bishop was obliged keep himself concealed, and was protected
chiefly the residence his friend, Hugh Maguire, lord
Fermanagh, who refused give him the deputy. Maguire, unfortunately slew him; and the bishop himself was slain
above stated the text, having proceeded with his forces the thrust spear from one the English horsemen. against the English Connaught, was accompanied the bishop, erroneously stated Burgo, the Hibernia Dominicano, and having encountered the English, under the governor, Sir and by other writers, that the Primate Mac Gauran was Richard Bingham, they had sharp conflict place called slain 1598, near Armagh; but the correct account given Sciath-na-Fearta, which appears have been situated near Stuart's Armagh, and the Four Masters.
Tulsk, Roscommon many were slain both sides, but the
chief commanders the English. The bishop Mac Gauran was accompanied Cathal Maguire, and Felim Mac Caffry the standard-bearer, who, being attacked some the English ca valry, were prostrated the shock, and some Maguire's gal loglasses having rushed their aid, hearing the bishop's voice, they, consequence thick mist which prevailed
the time, mistook Cathal Maguire, who was valiantly defending his fallen friend, for one the English troopers, and
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REIGN OF ELIZABETH. 589
guire endeavoured to defend as well as he could, O'Kelly, of the Caladh, in the territory of Hy but, however, the proverb was verified, “that a Maine (in Galway), died; and the deceased was
host overcomes a few,” for the ford was obliged one of the greatest losses in Hy Maine.
to be given up to the English, and Maguire having O'Dwyer of Coill-na-Manach (barony of Kilma been defeated, a great number of his people were managh, in Tipperary), namely, Philip, the son of slain; the earl of Tyrone was wounded on that Anthony, died, and his son Dermod succeeded in
occasion. ” The governor of the province of Con naught, and the earl of Thomond, namely, Donogh,
the son of Conor, son of Donogh O’Brien, came to
join them (the English), on the other side of the
Erne, but they did no execution; and the gover
nor, with the forces of the province of Connaught,
proceeded to the monastery of Boyle, where he Baiscind (barony of Clonderlaw, in Clare), namely, remained for some time plundering Muintir Eoluis Teige, the son of Murrogh, son of Teige Roe, son (in Leitrim), and the west of Fermanagh; the of Torlogh, son of Teige, died; and his son, Tor men of Connaught afterwards returned to their logh Roe, succeeded in his place.
homes, and the earl of Tyrone, and the marshal, O'Sullivan of Beire, i. e. Eochy, the son of Der proceeded to their places, after spoiling much in mod, son of Donal, died; he was not, however, the Fermanagh. They left companies in the country O’Sullivan of Beire at that time, although he had to aid Conor Oge, the son of Conor Roe Maguire, formerly been so, for his brother's son, namely, who was in opposition to Maguire; unhappy and Donal, the son of Donal, son of Dermod, took disturbed were those from Clochar Mac Deimh Dun Baoi and Beire (Dunboy and Bear, in Cork), ene (Clogher), in Tyrone, to Raith Cruachain in from him the year previous to his death, by the Connaught (Croghan, in Roscommon), and from decision of the council of England and the council Traigh Eothuile (near Ballysadare, in Sligo), to of Ireland; and Donal himself was nominated
Brefney O’Reilly (county of Cavan), at that time. Mac Carthy Riavach, i. e. Owen, the son of
Donal, son of Fingin (Florence), lord of Carberry
(in Cork), died; he was a sensible, pious man, of a soldier of the queen’s people, in one of his own
good hospitality, and noble deeds, and Donal, the son of Cormac-na-Haoine, succeeded in his place. Mary, daughter of Cormac Oge, son of Teige
Mac Carthy, the wife of O'Sullivan More, died. Murtogh, theson of Conor, sonof'Torlogh O’Brien
of Druim Laighen (Dromline, in the barony of Bunratty, county of Clare), died, and was buried in his own town, i. e. Dromline; and his son Conor succeeded in his place.
Murtogh, the son of Donal, son of Conor O’Brien
of Tulcha (Tulla, in the county of Clare), died. Teige, the son of William, son of Teige Duv
towns in Tir Fiachrach of the Moy (barony of Tireragh, county of Sligo).
O'Heyne (of Galway), i. e. Hugh Buighe, the
son of Owen Mantach, son of Edmond, son of Flann, died.
The daughter of Mac I-Brien of Ara (in Tip perary), namely, Onora, the daughter of Torlogh, son of Murtogh, son of Donal, son of Teige, the wife of Peirce, son of Edmond of the Caladh (or Port), son of Pierce Roe Butler, died.
The lord justice, having collected a great force, proceeded unperceived through the adjoining terri
2.
